) Jidoka (

‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬
( Jidoka ) ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﲝﺚ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻲ ﻵﺭﺍء ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻨﻴﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ‬
‫ ﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﲨﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻭﻱ‬.‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺴﻲ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
2017
clean production standards management and its impact In reducing the

risks of
( Economical , environmental and healthiness ), according to the philosophy
of (Jidoka) Japanese .
Search reconnaissance of the views of a sample of technicians Basra Gas
Company
By: Assistant proof .Dr .Hani F.AL-Shawi
2017
****************************
‫دور إدارة ﻣﻌﺎﯾﲑ اﻻٕﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻨﻈﯿﻒ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ا ﺎﻃﺮ ﻗ ﺼﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺒﯿ ﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ) ‪ ( Jidok‬اﻟﯿﺎ ﻧﯿﺔ‪......................................‬‬
‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ ) ‪( Jidok‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺃ‪.‬ﻡ‪.‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﲨﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻭﻱ‬
‫ﺍﳌﺴﺘﺨﻠﺺ‬
‫ﯾﻬدف اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻰ ﺗﺣدﯾد رؤﯾﺔ اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﻻدارة ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺑﺎﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ﺑوﺻﻔﻬﺎ ﻣن أﻫم اﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺣددت ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﻧظﺎم اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف وﺳﺑل ﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﺣﯾﺎة اﻟﻌﻣل‬
‫واﻻرﺗﻘﺎء ﺑﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻰ اﺑﻌد ﻣﺎ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ وﻣن ﺛم اﻣﺗد ﻫذا اﻟﺗﺣول إﻟﻰ ﺑﻌض اﻟدول‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ وﺷﺎع ﻣﻔﻬوﻣﻪ اﺗﺳﺎﻋﺎ ﻧﺣو اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت وﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﺳﺗﻧزاف اﻟﻣوارد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ وﻣﻧﻊ‬
‫اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻲ واﻟﺧدﻣﻲ ﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻣﺧﺎطر ﺳوء اﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك واﻻﻧﺗﺎج وﺗﺷﺧﯾص ﺳﺑل‬
‫اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻻﺿرار اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ اﻟﻬدف اﻻﺧر ﻟﻠﺑﺣث ﻓﻬو اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﻬوم وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر‬
‫اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف وﺗﺣدﯾد اﻻﺟراءات اﻻدارﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺗﻔﻌﯾﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﻣﻘﯾﺎس ﻗﺎﺑل ﻟﻼﺧﺗﺑﺎر واﻟﺗطﺑﯾق وﻓق ﻣﻧﻬﺞ‬
‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف واﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻫم ﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﻪ واﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣن ﻫﯾﺄة ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة‪.‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧت ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ﻗد ﺣددت ﺑﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺗﺳﺎؤوﻻت وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺟﺎﻫزﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﯾﺔ ﻟدى ﻣواردﻧﺎ اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ؟‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺧطوات ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ؟ وﻣﺎ اﻟذي ﯾﺟب ﺗﻐﯾﯾرﻩ ﻣن ﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ واﻗﻌﻧﺎ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﻰء ﺑﻣﺧﺎطر اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ وﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ وﺻﺣﯾﺔ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف؟ وﻛﯾف ﯾﻣﻛن ادارﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻧﺎ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ؟‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺗﺄﻫﯾل ﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ واﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﺑﺎﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ؟‬
‫طﺑق اﻟﺑﺣث ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن ﻓﻧﯾﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﯾن واﻻﺟﺎﻧب ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎرﻩ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻟدﯾﻬﺎ ﻛوادر ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺷل‬
‫اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ وﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﺗﺳﯾوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧت اﻫم اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ اﺧﺿﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻟﻼﺧﺗﺑﺎر واﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﻓﻲ اﻗﺳﺎم اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﻫﻲ) اﻻﻧﺗﺎج‬
‫اﻻﻧظف ‪،‬اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ (وﺗﻣﺛل ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﺣث ﺑﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻛوادر اﻟﻔﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة وﺟرى اﺧﺗﯾﺎر )‪ (24‬ﻓردا ﻣﻧﻬم ﻟﻼﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻘرات اﻟﻣﻘﯾﺎس ﻛﺎﻧوا ﻗد اﺧﺗﯾروا‬
‫ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻋﺷواﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﺟرى اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ واﻻﻧﺣراف اﻟﻣﻌﯾﺎري وﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﺗﻔﺳﯾر واﻻرﺗﺑﺎط واﻻﻧﺣدار ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻻﺧﺗﺑﺎر‬
‫اﻟﺗﺎﺋﻲ ﻛﺎدوات اﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻻﻏراض اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل واﻻﺧﺗﺑﺎر‪.‬‬
‫وﺗوﺻل اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﻰ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت اﻫﻣﻬﺎ )ﺗوﺟد ﻧواﻗص ﻓﻲ اﻣﺗﻼك اﻟﺑﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﻣﺛل اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرات اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل وﻓﺣص اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ وﻣﺎ ﻣﺗوﻓر ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ ﻣن ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت ﯾﻌود اﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻛﯾﺔ ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ وﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ اﺟراﻫﺎ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻣﻊ ﻣدﯾر ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة‬
‫واﻟﻣرﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﺣث ﻓﻲ) ﻣﻠﺣق ‪ (2‬وﻫو ﻣﺎ ﯾرﻓﻊ ﻣن ﻓرص اﻟﺗﻠوﯾث ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﻼد واﻟذي ﯾﻌد ﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ ﺣﻘﯾﻘﯾﺎ ﻻﯾﻣﻛن ﻧﻛراﻧﻪ(‪.‬‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

......................................‫ ( اﻟﯿﺎ ﻧﯿﺔ‬Jidok ) ‫دور إدارة ﻣﻌﺎﯾﲑ اﻻٕﻧﺘﺎج اﻟﻨﻈﯿﻒ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ ا ﺎﻃﺮ ﻗ ﺼﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺒﯿ ﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ‬
‫و)ﻫﻧﺎك ﻧﻘص ﻛﺑﯾر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛوادر واﻟﻔرق ذات اﻟﺧﺑرات اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ وﺗﺑﯾن اﻧﻪ ﻗد‬
‫ﺟرى اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد ﻣﻊ ﺧﺑراء ﻟﺳد ذﻟك اﻟﻧﻘص ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾﻛﻠف اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ او اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻣوال طﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻟﺗﻐطﻲ ﻣﺻﺎرﯾف اﻟﺳﻛن‬
. (‫واﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ واﻟﻧﻘل وﺗواﺟد اﻟﺧﺑراء ﻣن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﯾﻌد ﺣﺎﻟﺔ وﻗﺗﯾﺔ ﻋدﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﺟدوى‬
‫اﻣﺎ اﻫم اﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت ﻓﻛﺎﻧت)ﻣن اﻟﻣﻔﯾد ﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ اﻻذﻋﺎن ﻟﻔﻛرة وأﺧﻼﻗﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف‬
.(‫وﻋدم ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎﻩ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ وزﯾﺎدة ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوﻋﻲ اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﻲ ) اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ‬، ‫اﻻﺟراءات اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬، ‫اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ‬، ‫ اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت‬،‫ اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت‬،‫اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف‬، ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت اﻟداﻟﺔ)اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‬
(‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬، ‫اﻟﻧظﯾف‬
ABSTRACT
The current research aims to define a vision approach to the management of
clean manufacturing standards of the local organization's strategy, according to the
philosophy of (Jidoka) as one of the most important philosophies that have defined
cleaner production system and ways to improve the work and raise the level of
manufacturing culture of life environment as far as can be and then extended this shift
to some developed countries Commonly concept wider towards the prevention of
emissions and risks of contaminants and reduce the depletion of natural resources and
prevent the use of toxic substances in the industrial and service production to reduce
the risk of misuse of consumption and production and diagnosis of ways to prevent the
economic, environmental and health damage Another objective is to identify the
concept and standards for clean manufacturing and determine the relevant founded
administrative procedures, to build a test and measure the application in accordance
with the methodology of cleaner production program and to identify the most
important criteria specified by the board of environmental protection in the United
Nations.
The problem research had identified a group of some as follows:-
1. what cognitive readiness level to the relevant human resources clean production
technologists?
2. What are the steps to applying cleaner production system? And what should change
behaviors in our challenging manufacturing economic, environmental and health risks?
3. What is the clean manufacturing standards? How can management in local
institutions?
4. what qualification requirements for cleaner production and jidoka philosophy to
Iraq?
Applied research on a sample of Basra gas company technicians Iraqis and foreigners
as the company has a cadre of the( Dutch Shell company) and( Japanese mitsubshi ).
The most important variables are discussed and submitted her test and analysis
researcher divisions discussed are (cleaner production, jidoka, economic,
environmental and health risks) and represent the research community in all technical
‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ 24

personnel working in the Basra gas company gas production was selected (24) one of
them to answer scale passages were chosen at random.
It was using the (Mean and standard deviation and coefficient of correlation and
interpretation of regression in addition to t-test statistic )as tools for analysis and
testing.
The research found a collection of the most important conclusions (there are
shortcomings in the company's possession of clean manufacturing structure discussed
such as laboratories for the analysis and screening of toxic substances and what is
currently available Owned by
(Dutch Shell company)returns to Japanese mitsubshi by researcher's interview with the

Director of the Basra gas company gas attached to search (Appendix 2) which raises
the chances of contamination in the country which is the real impediment cannot
nullify).
And (there is a great lack of cadres and the difference with expertise on clean
production in the company, it was found that hiring experts to fill that shortfall, which
cost the company money to cover housing costs and protection, transportation and
the presence of experts from outside the company temporary status is useless).
The main recommendations were (useful for all company professionals discussed
abide the idea of clean manufacturing ethic and not to resist change towards
standards and preventive awareness (jidoka).
Key words (Jidoka, cleaner production, pollution, emissions, toxic substances,
preventive measures, clean manufacturing standards, the International Foundation for
the Environment)
25 ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﺍﳌـﻘﺪﻣــﺔ‬
‫ﯾﻬدف اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺻﯾﺎﻏﺔ رؤﯾﺔ إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﻟﺗﺣدﯾد إﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻧﻬﺞ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺑﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ ﻣن اﺟل اﻟﻠﺣﺎق ﺑﺧطﻰ اﻟدول اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺣﺎول ﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﻣﻔﻬوم اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ وﯾﻬﺗم ﺑﻛل ﻣﺎﻟﻪ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ‬
‫وﻣﻧظوﻣﺗﻪ واﻟﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ ﻻﻗت ﻗﺑوﻻ واﺳﻌﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟم اﻟﻣﺗﺣﺿر اذ ﺑﺎت ﯾﺷﻛل اﺣد رﻛﺎﺋز اﻟدﯾﻣوﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺗوازن اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﻛوﻧﻪ اﻷﻛﺛر ﺗﻧﺎﺳﻘﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت ﺑﻧﺎء رواﻓد اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ‪,‬وﯾﺣﺎول اﻟﺑﺣث أﯾﺿﺎ ﺗﺣدﯾد اﻟﻔﺟوة‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﺗﻔﻌﯾﻠﻪ ﺑﯾن اﻟﻣﺗﺎح ﻣن ﻣوارد وﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ وﺑﯾن اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﻣﻊ ﺿرورة اﻟﺗﻌرف‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﯾم اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻷﻧظف واﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎم ﺑﺗﻔﺳﯾر ﺧطوات ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎﻣﻪ اﻻﻧﺗﺎﺟﻲ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﺗﺎﻛﯾد ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫طرﯾﻘﺔ ﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﻣﻧﻬﺟﻪ وﻣﻛوﻧﺎﺗﻪ واﺟراءاﺗﻪ واﻻﻟﺗزام ﺑﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻋﺎﻟﻣﯾﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻌد اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎن واﻟﻣﺎﻧﯾﺎ ﻣن اﻛﺛر اﻟدول ﺗﻘدﻣﺎ ٕواﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎ ﻟﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎﺗﻪ وﻧﺷر ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎﺗﻪ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻣرﯾﻛﺎ وﻏﯾرﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟدول اﻟﻣﺗطورة‬
‫‪,‬وﻟرﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﻌد اﻟﻛﺷف ﻋن ﺣﯾﺛﯾﺎﺗﻪ إﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎ ﯾﺻب ﻓﻲ ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻔرد اﻟﻌراﻗﻲ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة وآﺛﺎر اﻟﺗﻠوث ‪.‬‬
‫ﯾﻬﻣﻧﺎ ﻫﻧﺎ وﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﻣطروﺣﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ ﺑﺣﺛﻧﺎ واﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺣﺎول اﻟﺑﺣث اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻧﻬﺎ إن ﻧوﺿﺢ ﻣﺎ ﻫو‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى ) اﻟﻣﺎدي واﻟﻣﻌرﻓﻲ ( اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﻲ اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻣن وﺟﻬﺔ آراء اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﻗﯾد اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻻﻧظف ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿوء ﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﺧﺎض اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻓﻲ ﺗﻐطﯾﺔ ذﻟك ﺑﺟواﻧب ﻣﺗﻌددة ) ﻣﻧﻬﺟﻲ ‪ ،‬ﻧظري‪ ،‬ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﻲ( ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﳉﺎﻧﺐ ﺍﳌﻨﻬﺠﻲ ﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‪-:‬‬
‫ﺗﺗﺎﻟف ﻣﻧﻬﺟﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ﻣن ﺛﻣﺎن ﻓﻘرات وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫أوﻻً ‪ :‬ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫ان ﻗﻠﺔ اﻟﺷﻌور ﺑﺎﻫﻣﯾﺔ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت وﻣﺑﺎدرات اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧﻘﻲ اﻟﻣﻔﻌم ﺑﻣﺷﺎﻋر اﻟﻘﻠق ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺟﯾﺎل واﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ وﻋدم ﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻫﻣﺎ اﻻ ﻓﻲ اﻋﻼﻧﺎت اﻻﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺟﻌل ﺑﻠداﻧﻧﺎ ﺗﺷﻛل ﻋﺑﺋﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺑﺎدرﯾن‬
‫واﻟﻣﺑﺗﻛرﯾن واﻟطﻣوﺣﯾن ﻧﺣوﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻟرﻏم ﻣن ﻛون ﺑﻠداﻧﻧﺎ ﺗﻣﺗﻠك ﺛروات ﻣﺎدﯾﺔ وﺑﺷرﯾﺔ وﻣﻌرﻓﯾﺔ ﻣؤﻫﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﺎق ﺑﺎﻻﺑداع‬
‫اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﻲ اﻟﻐرﺑﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل اﯾﻣﺎن ﻗﺎدة ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻧﺎ وﺣﻛوﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ ﻣن اوﻟوﯾﺎت ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق وﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﺧطوات ﻓﻠﺳﻔﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫وﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻣن اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب رﺑط ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﺑﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻟدﻋم اﻟﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو‬
‫ﺑﻧﺎء اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل اﻷﻧظف ﻟﻼﺟﯾﺎل اﻷﻣر اﻟذي ﯾﻔرض ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ﺑﺿرورة اﻻﻗﺗداء ﺑﺗﻠك اﻟﺗوﺟﻬﺎت‬
‫ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ ﻓﻬم واﻣﺗﻼك اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ إﻋﺎدة ﻫﻧدﺳﺔ اﻋﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ واﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة ﻣن) ﺧﺑرات‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﺎرف‪ ,‬ﻣواﻫب ‪،‬‬
‫طﻣوﺣﺎت( أﻓرادﻫﺎ وﺗﻔﻌﯾﻠﻬﺎ وﺗطوﯾرﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧدﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﻔﻬوم‪ ،‬واﻟﻌﻣل ﺑﺟدﯾﺔ ﻣن اﺟل ﺗﺑﻧﻲ وﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻟﻣواﻫب واﻟﻣﻬﺎرات‬
‫واﻟﺟدارات ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﻪ واﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة ﻣن ﻣزاﯾﺎﻩ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺣﺗﻣﺎ ﺳﺗﺳﺎﻋد اﻟﻔرد اﻟﻌراﻗﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺿﺎر ﻋدم اﻻﯾﻣﺎن ﺑﻪ وﺑﺎﻟﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛون واﻻﻧﺳﺎن واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ ﻫﻲ ﺟزء ﻣن رﻛﺎﺋز اﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ اﻟﻘﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻرة ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻧﺎءا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻣر ذﻛرﻩ ﺟرى ﺗﺣدﯾد ﻣﺷﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ﻣن ﺧﻼل إﺛﺎرة اﻟﺗﺳﺎؤﻻت اﻵﺗﯾﺔ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺟﺎﻫزﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﯾﺔ ﻟدى ﻣواردﻧﺎ اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ؟‬
‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪26‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺧطوات ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ؟ وﻣﺎ اﻟذي ﯾﺟب ﺗﻐﯾﯾرﻩ ﻣن ﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ واﻗﻌﻧﺎ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﻲ اﻟﻣﻠﻰء‬
‫ﺑﻣﺧﺎطر اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ وﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ وﺻﺣﯾﺔ؟‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف؟ وﻛﯾف ﯾﻣﻛن ادارﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻧﺎ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ؟‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﺎ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﺗﺄﻫﯾل ﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ واﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﺑﺎﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ؟‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎً‪ -‬أﻫﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‪:‬‬
‫ﯾﻛﺗﺳب اﻟﻣوﺿوع اﻫﻣﯾﺗﻪ ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺗﻪ ﺗﺣدﯾد ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت وﺗﻘدﯾم ﻧﺻﺎﺋﺢ ﻟﺗﺟﻔﯾف ﻣﺳﺑﺑﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣدﺧﻧﺔ وﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻧﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺿر ﺑﺻﺣﺔ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن واﻻرض واﻟﻛون ﺑرﻣﺗﻪ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋن ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ اﻻﻣور‬
‫ادﻧﺎﻩ‪-:‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﺿرورة اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﯾم اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻷﻧظف ‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬اﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎم ﺑﺗﻔﺳﯾر ﺧطوات ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗﺎﻛﯾد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬم ﺧطوات ﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف‪.‬‬
‫‪.4‬وﺗﻔﺳﯾر اﻻﺟراءات اﻟﺗطﺑﯾﻘﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ"‪-:‬اﻫداف اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ وﺿﻊ رؤﯾﺔ إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﺗﻬﺗم ﻓﻲ ﺗﺣدﯾد اﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻧﻬﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺑﺎﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻧﻔﯾذا" ﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﻬوم وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف وﺗﺣدﯾد اﻻﺟراءات اﻻدارﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﻧﺎء ﻣﻘﯾﺎس ﻗﺎﺑل ﻟﻼﺧﺗﺑﺎر واﻟﺗطﺑﯾق وﻓق ﻣﻧﻬﺞ ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺗﻌرف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻫم ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣن ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ واﺳﺗداﻣﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة‪.‬‬ ‫‪.4‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻣﺧطط اﻻﻓﺗراﺿﻲ ﻟﻠﺑﺣث وﻓرﺿﯾﺗﻪ‬

‫‪.1‬ﻣﺧطط اﻟﺑﺣث اﻻﻓﺗراﺿﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﻣﻔﺳر اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﯾب‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر‬
‫اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺻﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺑدأ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‬
‫‪jidoka‬اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺻدر ‪ 0:‬اﻟﺷﻛل ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫ﺗوﺟد ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﯾر وارﺗﺑﺎط ذات دﻻﻟﺔ اﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ﺗﺳﻬم ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻣﺳﺎ"‪-:‬ﺣدود اﻟﺑﺣث ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‪ :‬طﺑق ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﻓﻲ ﺧور اﻟزﺑﯾر‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬زﻣﺎﻧﯾﺎ ‪ :‬اﻣﺗدت ﻓﺗرة اﻧﺟﺎز اﻟﺑﺣث ﻣن ‪.2017-2016‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﺷرﯾﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﻣﺛل ﻓﻲ اﺳﺗطﻼع آراء ﻋﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ اﻧﺗﺧﺑوا ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻋﺷواﺋﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻗﺑل اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺎدﺳﺎ"‪ -:‬ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ وﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫‪.1‬ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﺣث‪ :‬ﺗﻣﺛل ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﺣث ﺑﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ‪) -:‬ﻣوظﻔﯾن ﻓﻧﯾﯾن ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة( ﻛوﻧﻬﺎ إﺣدى اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻹﺟراءات اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣﺑﺎﺷر وﺗﻬﺗم ﺑﻣوﺿوع اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻓﯾﻣﺎ ﯾﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﻣﺑﺎدﺋﻪ وﻣﻔﻬوﻣﻪ وآﻟﯾﺎﺗﻪ )ﻣوﺿوع اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ( وﻛون‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻟدﯾﻬﺎ ﻣوظﻔﯾن وﻣﺳﺗﺷﺎرﯾن ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ ) اﻟذﯾن ﯾﻧطﺑق ﻣﻊ ﻗﯾﻣﻬم وﺛﻘﺎﻓﺗﻬم ﻣﺑدأ وﻓﻠﺳﻔﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ( وﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ ﺟرى اﺧﺗﯾﺎرﻫﺎ واﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﻣوظﻔﯾﻬﺎ ﻛﻣﯾدان ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر إدارة اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻷﻧظف ﺣﯾث‬
‫ﺟرى ﺗوزﯾﻊ ﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﺑﺣث ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋدد ﻣن اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﺑﻠﻎ ﻋددﻫم )‪ (24‬ﻓردا اﺧﺗﯾروا ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻋﺷواﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﯾن واﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﺎرﯾن اﻷﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﯾن واﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﯾن واﻟﺻﯾﻧﯾﯾن اﻟذﯾن ﯾﻣﺛﻠون ﺟزء ﻣن ﻛوادر ﻋﻣل‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺗﯾن اﻋﻼﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺳﺎﺑﻌﺎ‪ -:‬ادوات ﺟﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت‪-:‬‬
‫ﺟرى اﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺻﻣﻣت ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺗﯾن اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ واﻻﻧﻛﻠﯾزﯾﺔ وزﻋت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﯾن واﻻﺟﺎﻧب‬
‫واﻟﻣدﻋوﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﻠوب اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ واﻟﻣﻠﺣق )‪1‬و‪ ( 2‬ﯾﺑﯾن ﻓﻘرات اﻻﺳﺗﺑﺎﻧﻪ وﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ أﺟراﻫﺎ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻣﻊ ﻣدﯾر‬
‫ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﻣن ﯾوم اﻻرﺑﻌﺎء اﻟﻣواﻓق ) ‪ (2016-12-14‬واﻣﺗدت اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻣدة ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺿﯾق وﻗت‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺋول اي ﻣن اﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺣﺎدﯾﺔ ﻋﺷر ﺻﺑﺎﺣﺎ ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﻋﺷر ﻗﺑل اﻟظﻬر وﻫو اﻟوﻗت اﻟﻣﺳﻣوح ﻟﻠﻘﺎء و اﻟذي‬
‫ﺧﺻﺻﻪ ﻟﻧﺎ ﻣدﯾر ﻗﺳم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج ﻻﺟراء اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﺑﻌد اﺧذ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻣﻧﻪ ﻣوﻋد ﻟﻠﻘﺎء ﺳﻠﻔﺎ"‪ .‬واﻟﺟدول)‪ (1‬ﯾﻣﺛل ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل‬
‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ اﻻﺳﺗﺑﺎﻧﺔ وﺟﻧﺳﯾﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟوﺑﯾن واﻋدادﻫم وﻧﺳﺑﻬم ‪n=24‬‬
‫ﺟدول )‪(1‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﯾل دﻗﯾﻘﺔ ﻋن اﻓراد اﻟﻌﯾﻧﺔ وﺟﻧﺳﯾﺎﺗﻬم واﻋدادﻫم وﻧﺳﺑﻬم ‪n=24‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﻤﺌﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺴﯿﺔ‬ ‫ت‬
‫ﻟﻠﺬﻛﻮر‬
‫ﻟﻺﻧﺎث‬
‫‪0.208‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪0,417‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫ﻋﺮاﻗﻲ‬
‫‪0.208‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫اﻧﺜﻰ‬
‫‪0.292‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬
‫‪0,292‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ھﻮﻟﻨﺪي‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0.292‬‬ ‫‪---‬‬ ‫اﻧﺜﻰ‬
‫‪0.833‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫‪0.833‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫ﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪0.208‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫‪0.208‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺻﯿﻨﻲ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪0.208‬‬ ‫‪0.792‬‬ ‫)‪(19‬ذﻛﺮ‪ (5) +‬اﻧﺜﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﯿﻦ‬ ‫‪%100‬‬ ‫‪24‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬
‫اﻟﻣﺻدر‪ :‬اﻟﺟدول ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬

‫ﺛﺎﻣﻧﺎ ‪ -:‬ﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫ﺻﻣم اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﺑﺣث ادﻧﺎﻩ وﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺗﯾن اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ واﻻﻧﻛﻠﯾزﯾﺔ ﻛﺎداة ﻟﺟﻣﻊ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻣن اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﻛون‬
‫اﻟﻛﺎدر اﻟذي ﯾﻣﺎرس ﻋﻣﻠﻪ ﻓﯾﻬﺎ ﻫم ﻣن اﻟﻌرب واﻻﺟﺎﻧب وﻣن اﻟﺷرﻛﺗﯾن ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ وﻣﺗﺳﯾوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﻌد‬
‫اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟدراﺳﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ طﺎﻟﻌﻬﺎ ﺑﻬذا اﻟﺧﺻوص ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻟﻣﻌﻬد اﻟدوﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﺗﺳوﯾق اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﻲ اﻟﻣﺑﯾﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ أدﻧﺎﻩ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ اﺳﺗﻧد ﻋﻠﯾﻬﺎ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻓﻲ ﺗﺻﻣﯾم ﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﺑﺣث وﺻﯾﺎﻏﺔ ﻓﻘراﺗﻪ وﻫﻲ دراﺳﺔ اﺟراﻫﺎ اﻟﻣﻌﻬد اﻟﻣذﻛور ﻟذا ﻟم ﯾﺟري‬
‫اﻟﺑﺎﺣث اي اﺧﺗﺑﺎر ﺑﻧﺎﺋﻲ او ظﺎﻫري او ﺻدق ﻣﺣﺗوى ﻟﻬذا اﻟﻣﻘﯾﺎس ﻛوﻧﻪ ﻣﺧﺗﺑر ﺑﺎﻟدراﺳﺔ اﻵﺗﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ اﺟراﻫﺎ اﻟﻣﻌﻬد‪.‬‬
‫‪"Natural Marketing Institute (2016)" Consumer Attitudes About Renewable Energy:‬‬

‫‪Trends and Regional Differences" ,Harleysville, Pennsylvania Texas. NREL/TP-620-‬‬
‫"‪33177. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 27‬‬
‫وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻣﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ ‪Second section:-independent scale variables‬‬
‫ﺳﻠﻢ اﻟﻘﯿﺎس ‪scaling hierarchy‬‬ ‫‪Neither Agree Nor‬‬
‫‪Don’t‬‬
‫‪Agree Completely‬‬
‫‪ Agree Somewhat‬ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪Under‬‬
‫‪Completely‬‬
‫‪Somewhat‬‬
‫‪Disagree‬‬
‫‪stand/‬‬
‫‪Never‬‬
‫‪heard‬‬
‫‪Expressive Item‬‬ ‫‪Of‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻘﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺒﺮة‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ھﺬا‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪/‬‬

‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺑﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬
‫‪Q1: my company apply‬‬ ‫س‪ :1‬ان ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﺒﻖ‬
‫‪humane culture environment‬‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺮﻓﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ‬
‫س‪ :2‬ﺗﮭﺘﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ‬
‫‪Q2: my company is interested‬‬
‫ﺑﺘﺨﺼﯿﺺ ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬
‫‪in allocating funds for the‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎت اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬
‫‪final emission that remnants‬‬
‫ﻟﻼﻧﺒﻌﺎﺛﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﯾﺨﻠﻔﮭﺎ‬
‫‪the production‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎج ‪.‬‬
‫‪Q3: my company is keen to‬‬ ‫س‪ :3‬ﺗﺤﺮص ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ‬
‫‪buy materials and equipment‬‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮاء اﻟﻤﻮاد‬
‫‪from sources that believe in‬‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺠﮭﯿﺰات ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر‬
‫‪the importance of recycling‬‬ ‫ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺑﺄھﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺪوﯾﺮ‬
‫‪and ethics‬‬ ‫واﺧﻼﻗﯿﺎﺗﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪Q 4: our company is willing to‬‬ ‫س‪ :4‬ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪة‬
‫‪pay (20%) The highest price‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻓﻊ )‪ (% 20‬أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪for the resource requirements‬‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻌﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻮرد اﻟﺬي‬
‫‪of sustainability‬‬ ‫ﯾﺮاﻋﻲ ﺷﺮوط اﻻﺳﺘﺪاﻣﺔ‬
‫‪environmental.‬‬ ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‪.‬‬

Q5: our contracts. with ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ‬. :5‫س‬
companies that turn toward ‫اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺤﻮل‬
alternative energy supplies ‫ﻧﺤﻮ اﺳﺘﺒﺪال اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
feed replacement ‫اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﺔ‬
productivity? ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎﺗﮭﺎ اﻻﻧﺘﺎﺟﯿﺔ؟‬
‫ ﺗﺤﺘﺮم ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬. :6‫س‬
Q 6:. Our company respects
‫اﻟﻤﺠﮭﺰﯾﻦ اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﯾﻤﺘﻠﻜﻮن‬
the providers who own a green
‫ﻣﺼﺎدر طﺎﻗﺔ ﺧﻀﺮاء‬
and clean energy sources
‫وﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻜﺮار‬
through repeat purchase.
. ‫ﺷﺮاﺋﮭﺎ‬
Q 7: our company is keen to
‫ ﺗﺤﺮص ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬:7‫س‬
train and educate their
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ وﺗﻮﻋﯿﺔ‬
employees regarding the
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯿﮭﺎ ﺑﺼﺪد ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺎت‬
practices of environmental
‫اﻟﻨﺸﺎطﺎت اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
activities concerning human
‫ﺑﺈﻧﻘﺎذ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬
rescue remnants of our
.‫اﻧﺘﺎﺟﻨﺎ‬
production.
‫ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬. :8‫س‬
Q 8:. Our company follow
‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ ﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ‬
environmental strategies are
‫وﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻔﺤﺺ وﺗﻨﻘﯿﺔ‬
clean and inspect and clear the
‫اﻻﺟﻮاء ﻣﻦ ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺎت‬
air of the production and
‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎج واﻻﺳﺘﮭﻼك‬
consumption of the poison
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤﻮم‬
prevention and damage at the
‫واﻻﺿﺮار ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬
end of the chimney.
.‫اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻨﺔ‬
Q 9: to achieve sustainable
‫ ان ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ‬:9‫س‬
development is the
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ھﻲ ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﯿﺘﻨﺎ‬
responsibility of all of us as
‫ﺟﻤﯿﻌﺎ ﻛﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ وﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬
customers, society and the
‫ودوﻟﺔ وﺷﺮﻛﺎت‬
State and companies
Q10: one of the priorities of ‫ ﻣﻦ اوﻟﻮﯾﺎت‬:10‫س‬
our company production ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‬
development to be compatible ‫ﻟﯿﻜﻮن ذا ﻛﻔﺎءة ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
with environmental efficiency ‫ﻣﺘﻼﺋﻤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت‬
requirements for . ‫اﻻﺳﺘﮭﻼك اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬
contemporary consumption.
Section three:-variable
‫اﻟﻤﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪ) ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ‬
(reduce economic,
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬
environmental and health
( ‫واﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ‬
risks)
Q 11. natural resource waste ‫ان ھﺪر اﻟﻤﻮارد‬.11‫س‬
by focusing on fuel oil to run ‫اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
machinery economically ‫اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ وﻗﻮد اﻟﻨﻔﻂ‬

dangerous blunder " ‫ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﻦ ﯾﻌﺪ‬
"‫ﺧﻄﺮا اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺎ ﻓﺎدﺣﺎ‬
‫ ان ﻛﻠﻒ اﻧﺘﺎج‬12‫س‬
Q12: to conventional energy
‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز‬
production costs exceed the
) ‫اﻟﮭﺪر اﻟﻤﺎدي وﺗﻤﺘﺪ اﻟﻰ‬
waste material and extending
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮي واﻻﺧﻼﻗﻲ‬
to (moral, ethical and legal)?
‫واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ (؟‬
‫ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﺑﺎن‬13‫س‬
Q13: Our company believes
‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‬
that cleaner production
‫اﻻﻧﻈﻒ ھﻲ اﻟﻐﻄﺎء‬
strategies are civilized cover
‫اﻟﺤﻀﺎري ﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﻞ‬
to reduce environmental risks
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
and maintain sustainability?
‫واﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﺳﺘﺪاﻣﺘﮭﺎ؟‬
Q14:. Our culture with ‫ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻨﺎ ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ‬. :14‫س‬
frequent reporting from ‫ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﺘﻘﺎرﯾﺮ‬
regulators related to the ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﮭﺎت‬
environmental authority and ‫اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﯿﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
the guarantor is important to ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ وھﻲ‬
protect from environmental ‫اﻟﻀﺎﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﮭﻢ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺘﻨﺎ‬
damage caused by ‫ﻣﻦ اﻻﺿﺮار اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
irresponsibility behaviors of ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﯿﺎت‬
apathetic. .‫اﻟﻼﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻼﻣﺒﺎﻟﯿﻦ‬
Q15 our company is ‫ ﺗﻠﺘﺰم ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬15‫س‬
committed to take action ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺨﺎذ اﺟﺮاءات ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬
regarding periodic ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎت اﻟﺪورﯾﺔ‬
examinations of personnel for ‫ﻟﻼﻓﺮاد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯿﻦ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
prevention of diseases of ‫اﺟﻞ اﻟﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻣﺮاض‬
aspiration hazards ‫ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎق‬
Q16: care about our protection ‫ ﺗﮭﺘﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬:16‫س‬
of human contaminants ‫ﺑﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ‬
industrialization and the end ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺎت اﻟﺘﺼﻨﯿﻊ وﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬
of the pipe and depend on ‫اﻻﻧﺒﻮب وﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺸﺮ‬
deployment teams to raise ‫ﻓﺮق ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬
awareness of all the dangers of ‫ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ اﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎق ھﺬه‬
inhaling these toxins? ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻮم ؟‬
Q 17: confirms our company ‫ ﺗﺆﻛﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ‬:17‫س‬
rescue procedures through ‫اﺟﺮاءات اﻻﻧﻘﺎذ ﻣﻦ‬
training dedicated team leads ‫ﺧﻼل اﻋﺪاد وﺗﺪرﯾﺐ‬
what is required when ‫ﻓﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﯾﺆدي ﻣﺎ‬
dangerous situations ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﺮة‬

‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻻول ‪ -:‬اﻻطﺎر اﻟﻧظري ﻟﻠﺑﺣث‬

‫اﻟﻣﺣور اﻻول‪ -:‬اﻟﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾﻣﻲ )اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ‪:‬اﻟﻣﻔﻬوم ‪،‬اﻷﻫداف ‪،‬اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ‪،‬اﻟﻣﺑﺎدئ واﻹﺟراءات(‬
‫اوﻻ"‪-:‬ﻣﻔﻬوم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف وأﻫداﻓﻪ‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﻣﻔﻬوم‬
‫اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻛﻣﺎ ﻋرﻓﺔ ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻷﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ وﻛل ﻣن )‪ (Thorpe,1999, 8‬و)اﻟﺗوزاﻧﻲ ‪2013‬ص‪( 4‬‬
‫و) رﺿﺎ واﻣﺟد ‪ (2014،45:‬و )‪( lettenmerier:2012p13‬‬
‫ﻫو اﻟﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣر ﻹﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ وﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت واﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت ﻣن اﺟل ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺗﺻﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺳﺎن واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ وﻗد ﺑﺎﻧت ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﻓﻲ ﻧﺷﺎط اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ ﺑﺛﻣﺎﻧﯾﻧﺎت اﻷﻟﻔﯾﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾﺔ‪ .‬ﺣﯾث ﯾﻬﺗم‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت ﻗﺑل ﺣدوﺛﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﯾس ﺑﻌد ﺣدوﺛﻬﺎ ‪،‬اذ ﺗؤﻛد ﻓﻠﺳﻔﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣر ﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ وﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺗﺷﻣل‬
‫ﻧﺷﺎطﺎت ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ واﻟﺗﺳوﯾق واﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‪ ،‬وﺗرﻣﻲ اﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﺧﺿراء اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ وﺗﻘﻠﯾل‬
‫اﻷﺧطﺎر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺣوم ﺣول ﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ) اﺳﻣﺎﻋﯾل ‪ٕ .(280 :2014:‬واﺟراءاﺗﻪ ﺗﺗطﻠب ﺗﻌدﯾﻼ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺗوﺟﻬﺎت وﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت وﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت ﻛل ﻣن اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ واﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬اﻷﻫداف‬
‫ﺗﺗﻠﺧص أﻫداف اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻲ‪) -:‬ﻋﺑد اﻟﻧﺎﺻر وأﻣﺎل‪ (86 ,2008,‬و)اﻟﺟﺑوري‪ (33 ,2012,‬و )اﻟﻬﯾﺋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ‪(37 ,2000,‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺣد ﻣن ﺗﻠوﯾث ﻋﻧﺎﺻر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﻋن طرﯾق إﺟراء ﺗﺣﺳﯾﻧﺎت ﻣﺗﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻧﺷﺎطﺎت اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺗﻌدﯾل اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣر ﻓﻲ طرق وﺧطط اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل واﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ وﺗﺣدﯾث اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻣرار‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻓﺻل اﻟﻣﺧﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﻣﻣﻛن ﻓﺻﻠﻬﺎ وﺗﺻﻧﯾﻔﻬﺎ ٕواﻋﺎدة ﺗدوﯾرﻫﺎ واﺳﺗرﺟﺎع اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧﺎم واﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎوﯾﺎت واﻟطﺎﻗﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﺧﻔﯾض ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺗﻠوث إﻟﻰ أدﻧﻰ ﺣد ﻣﻣﻛن‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗﺣﻘﯾق ﺟودة اﻟﺳﻠﻊ ﻣن اﺟل ﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻟرﺑﺣﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ ﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺟﻧب اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت واﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت )أو ﺗﻘﻠﯾﻠﻬﺎ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺣد اﻷدﻧﻰ( وﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ واﻟﺧطرة ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺣوﯾل اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺿﺎرة ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ إﻟﻰ ﻣواد ﻣﻔﯾدة واﻟﺗﺳﺎﺑق ﻧﺣو اﻟوﺻول إﻟﻰ اﻛﺑر ﺣﺻﺔ ﺳوﻗﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺗﺟﻧب اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت ﻟﻠﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﻲ ﻣوﻗﻊ اﻟﻌﻣل‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﺗرﺷﯾد اﺳﺗﻐﻼل اﻟﻣوارد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ واﻟطﺎﻗﺔ إﻟﻰ اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى اﻷﻣﺛل‪.‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻟﻛﻔﺎءة ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﺣد ﻣن اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت ﻋﻧد اﻟﻣﺻدر‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺗﺣﻘﯾق ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣن اﻟﺟودة واﻹﻧﺗﺎج واﻟرﺑﺢ اﻟﻣﺎدي ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .13‬اﻟﺣد ﻣن اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧطرة ‪.‬‬
‫إن اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ ﺗﺳﻌﻰ ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﻬﺎ ﻟﺗﻘﻧﯾﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف إﻟﻰ إﻋﺎدة ﻫﯾﻛﻠﺔ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﺗﻧﺎﺳب ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣوارد وﺗﻘﻠﯾص اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻧﺎﺟﻣﺔ ﻋن اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﻬﺎ وﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﻲ ﻣوﻗﻊ اﻟﻌﻣل ﻓﺿﻼً‬
‫ﻋن ﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻟرﺑﺢ ﻋن طرﯾق ﺗرﺷﯾد اﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﺗﻠك اﻟﻣوارد )اﻟﺟﺑوري‪.(33 ,2012,‬‬

‫ﻓﺎﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﯾﻌد ﺳﺑﯾﻼ ﻟﺑﻠوغ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج واﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ ﻟﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت ورﺻد‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺳﻠوك اﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﺧﻼل ﻛل ﻣراﺣل دورة ﺣﯾﺎﺗﻬﺎ)ﻣﺣﺳن واﻟﻧﺟﺎر‪،2009،‬ص‪ (265‬وﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺳﺗوى ﻣن اﻟﻛﻔﺎءة‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣوارد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎﻩ ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﻣن اﻫم ﻣراﺣﻠﻬﺎ وﺗﻧﻣﯾﺗﻬﺎ ‪) -:‬اﻟﺗوزاﻧﻲ‬
‫‪2013‬ص‪. ( 3‬‬
‫‪.1 -‬اﻟﺗﺎﯾﯾد‬
‫ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟدول اﻟﻧﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ .2 -‬اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾد‬
‫ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟدول اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪.3 -‬اﻟﺗﺟدﯾد‬

‫‪ .4 -‬اﻟﺗﺟوﯾد‬
‫اﻣﺎ ﻣراﺣل اﻟﺗدﻫور اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﻓﻬﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎدة ﺗﺑدأ وﺗﻧﺗﻬﻲ ﺑـ اﻵﺗﻲ‪ )-:‬رﺿﺎ واﻣﺟد ‪ :2014:‬ص ‪(158‬‬
‫‪.1‬اﻟﻣﺎء‬
‫‪.2‬اﻟﻬ واء‬
‫‪.3‬اﻟﺗرﺑﺔ‬
‫‪.4‬اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬
‫‪.5‬اﻟﻧﺑﺎﺗﺎت‬
‫‪.6‬اﻟﺣﯾواﻧﺎت‬
‫‪.7‬اﻻﻧﺳﺎن‬
‫‪.8‬اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬
‫‪.9‬اﻻرض‬
‫‪.10‬اﻟﻛون ﺑرﻣﺗﻪ‬
‫‪ -‬اﻣﺎ ﻋﻼج اﻟﺗﻠوث ﻓﯾﺗﻣﺛل ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟوﻋﻲ اﻟذاﺗﻲ ﻟدى اﻟﺷﺧص ﻻن اﻟﺗﻠوث ﯾﻧذر ﺑﻔﻧﺎﺋﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬وﻗف ﺗراﺧﯾص ﻣزاوﻟﺔ اﻟﻧﺷﺎط اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻲ اﻟذي ﯾدﻣر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪.‬ﺗﻬﺟﯾر اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﺑﻌﯾدًا ﻋن اﻣﺎﻛن اﻟﻣدن ‪.‬‬
‫د‪.‬ﺗطور اﺳﺎﻟﯾب ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ ﺗﻠوث اﻟﻬواء ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫـ‪.‬ﺗطوﯾر وﺳﺎﺋل اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن اﻟﻘﻣﺎﻣﺔ و اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت وﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت ﺣرق اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣدن اﻟﻣﻛﺗظﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻛﺎن و‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻬواء اﻟطﻠق ‪.‬‬
‫و‪.‬اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺷﺟﯾر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧطﺎق واﺳﻊ ﻟﻠﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن ﻣﻠوﺛﺎت اﻟﻬواء واﻣﺗﺻﺎﺻﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ز‪.‬اﻟﻛﺷف اﻟدوري ﻟﻠﺳﯾﺎرات وﻣراﻗﺑﺔ ﻋوادﻣﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫ح‪.‬اﻟﻠﺟوء اﻟﻰ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﻲ ﻛﺈﺣدى ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺑدﯾﻠﺔ ﻋن ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺣ اررﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ط‪.‬ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﻧﻔطﻲ ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣذﯾﺑﺎت ﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎوﯾﺔ ﻟﺗرﺳﯾﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎع اﻟﻣﯾﺎﻩ ‪.‬‬
‫ك‪.‬اﻗﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﻣﯾﺎت اﻟﺑﺣرﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺷﺗﻣل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﺎﺋﻧﺎت ﺑﺣرﯾﺔ ﻧﺎدرة ﻣﻬددة ﺑﺎﻻﻧﻘراض ‪.‬‬
‫ل‪.‬اﻟﻠﺟوء اﻟﻰ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﺑﯾدات اﻟﻌﺿوﯾﺔ واﻟﻣواد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ واﻻﺑﺗﻌﺎد ﻋن اﻟﻣﺑﯾدات اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎوﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ"‪ _:‬اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺗﻣﺛل ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧﻘﻰ ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻻﻣور وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟـ )‪(Ken :2001:p 33‬‬
‫ﺣﯾث ﺷﻣل ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف اﺳﺗﺧدام ﻧوع ﻣن اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟذﻛﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎ ان ﺗﻌطﻲ ﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت أﻧظف‪ ،‬أي‬
‫أرﻓق ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺎً‪ ،‬ﺳواء ﻓﻲ اﺳﺗﺧراج اﻟﻣوارد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ أو ﺻﻧﻊ اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت أو ﺗوزﯾﻌﻬﺎ أو اﺳﺗﻬﻼﻛﻬﺎ أو اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻏﯾر‬
‫ذﻟك ﻣن اﻟﻣراﺣل اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻣر ﺑﻬﺎ أﺛﻧﺎء دورة ﺣﯾﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻌﺗﻘد اﻟﺑﻌض ان ﻣن اﻛﺛر اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﺗﻧﻔﯾذا ﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺗﻬﺎ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾراﻩ ) ﻏوﻛﺎﺳﯾﺎن‪،2002 ،‬ص‪(54‬ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻧظﺎم ﻟﻼدارة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .2‬ﻣﺳك "ﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت ﺧﺿراء" ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻛﺛر ﻧﻘﺎوة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻔﻌﯾل واﺳﺗﻠﻬﺎم اﻓﻛﺎر وﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺛل‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﻟﻛﻔﺎءة اﻻﯾﻛوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬ﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺗﻠوث ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﺧﻔﯾض ﻓرص اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﻠﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫*ﺗوﻓﯾر ﺧﺑراء ﻟدﯾﻬم ﺧﺑرة ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﻔﯾزﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﻧﺷﺎطﺎت اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‪.‬‬
‫*ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻛﺎﻓﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو اﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ واﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺗطﺑﯾق ﻓﻧﯾﺎ" واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺎ"‪.‬‬
‫*ﺗﺟدﯾد ﻗﺎﻋدة اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺛر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻣرار ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﻣﺻﺎدر ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎﺗﻪ واﻟﺗوﺟﻪ ﻓو ار اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت اﻟطﻠﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎت واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻫد ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣوﺿوع وﻋﻘد اﺗﻔﺎﻗﯾﺎت ﺑﺣﺛﯾﺔ ﻣﻌﻬم وﺗﻔﻌﯾل اﻟﻧدوات واﻟﻣؤﺗﻣرات‬
‫واﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة ﻣن ﺗوﺻﯾﺎﺗﻬﺎ وﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﺑﺣﺛﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫*ﺗﺷﺧﯾص اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺿﯾﺔ ﺑل ﺣﺗﻰ ﺧطوط اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣوﺿوع واﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﻣواد ) ﺳﺎﻣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﺧطرة(‬
‫*اﺗﻔﺎﻗﯾﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻻدارات اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ وادارت اﻻﻗﺳﺎم اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺗﻠوث ﻣن اﻟﻣﺻدر‪.‬‬
‫*ﻋرض اﻫداف ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺗﺟﺎﻩ ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ اﻣﺎم اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻟﻣﻧﻊ اﺣﺳﺎﺳﻬم ﺑﺎﻧﻬم ﻫم اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾون دون‬
‫ﺳواﻫم‪.‬‬
‫*ﺧﻠق اﺟواء ﺗﻌﺎوﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻟﺧﺑﯾر واﻟﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﻣﻧﻔذ واﻟﺟﻬﺎت اﻟﻔﺎﺣﺻﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺧﺎرج‪.‬‬
‫ج‪.‬اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻣن اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‪.‬‬
‫د‪.‬ﺧﻔض اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺻدر‪.‬‬
‫و‪ .‬ﯾﺟب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻣﺎل ارﺗداء ﻣﻼﺑس وﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ أﺛﻧﺎء وﺟودﻫم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺻﻧﻊ‪ .‬واﺳﺗﺧدام ﻛﻣﺎﻣﺎت ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻔس‪ .‬ووﺿﻊ ﻻﻓﺗﺎت‬
‫ﺗﺣذر ﻣن اﻟﺗﻠوث‪.‬‬
‫ز‪ .‬وﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻐﻼف اﻟﺟوي‪.‬‬
‫ح‪.‬ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻣﯾﺎﻩ اﻟﻌذﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ط‪ .‬ﺗﺧﻔﯾف اﻟﺿﺟﯾﺞ‪.‬‬
‫ي‪.‬ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق اﻟرﯾﻔﯾﺔ واﻟطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾرى اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ان "اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف" ﯾﺷﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ وﯾﻐطﻲ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻣراﺣل اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻣر ﺑﻬﺎ اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اذ ﺳﺎﻋدت‬
‫وﻣﺻﻠﺣًﺎ ﻧﻣوذﺟﯾًﺎ وﺟﺳ ًار‬
‫ﻣﺑﺎدئ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻧﺗﺷﺎر اﻟﺗﻔﻛﯾر اﻟﺣذر ﻓﻛﺎن ﻣروﺟﺎً ﻟﻠﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ وﺣﺎﻓ ًاز إدارﯾًﺎ ُ‬
‫ﯾرﺑط ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ وﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﺑﻣﺎ اﻧﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ زﻟﻧﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺻدد اﻟﺣدﯾث ﻋن اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﻓﻔﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻣﻘﺎم ﯾﻣﻛن اﺳﺗﻌراض اﻫم اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﺣﻘﻘﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺳﺎﻋﻲ ﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻹﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬
‫ان اﻫم اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟـ )‪ ( (Thorpe 2012p 6‬و)‪ (Geiser:2001:p 33‬ﻫﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬زﯾﺎدة اﻟﺷﻌور ﺑﺎﺣﺗرام اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ وزﯾﺎدة ﻛل اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻟﻣﺷﺗﻘﺔ ﻣﻧﻪ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﺷﻌور ﺑﺎﻟﺧطر اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﻲ واﻟﻣﺛﺎل اﻟواﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ذﻟك آﻟﯾﺎت اﻟدرﻓﻠﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ وورﺷﻬﺎ ﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﻣﻠوﺛﺎت ‪.Pce‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻌزﯾز ﻗﻧﺎﻋﺔ اﻟزﺑون ﺑﻧظﺎﻓﺔ وﺧﻠو ﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎء واﻟﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو‬
‫ﺗﺧﺿﯾرﻫﺎ ودور ﺑراﻣﺟﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺳﺗﺑﻌﺎد اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻻﺛﺎر اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ اﺷﺎرت اﻟﯾﻬﺎ وﻻﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﯾﻔورﻧﯾﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم) ‪ ( 2007‬وﺿرورة اﻟﻘﺿﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠك اﻻﺛﺎر ﻧﻬﺎﺋﯾﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم) ‪ (2023‬وﻛل‬
‫اﺛﺎر اﻟﺑﯾرﻛﻠورواﺛﯾﻠﯾن) ‪ (perchloroethylene‬وﻣﺧﺎطرﻩ ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﻣﻼﺑس وﻏﯾرﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟوﻻﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣن ﻣﺻﺎﻧﻊ وﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﺗﻌﻠﯾب اﻻﻏذﯾﺔ وﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺑﻪ‪..‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ان اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗؤﻣن ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺗﻬﺎ ﺳﺗﺗﺧطﻰ ﻣﺷﻛﻼت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل وﺗﻧﺟﺢ ﻓﻲ ان ﺗﻛون ﻣﺗﻬﯾﺋﺔ ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺷﻛل ﻓﺎﻋل ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻗﺗﻧﺎء ﻣﻔﻠﺗرات ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﺑﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺑوب اﻟﻣﺗطورة ﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ ﻣن اﺟل اﻟﻘﺿﺎء‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ وﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬زﯾﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺎت اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن وﻗﻧﺎﻋﺗﻬم وﻧﻘص ﻓﻲ ﺧطر اﻟﺣوادث واﻟﻌﻘوﺑﺎت وزﯾﺎدة اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻋر اﻟﻣﻔﻌﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣزﯾد ﻣن‬
‫اﻻﻣﺎن ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬زﯾﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت اﻟﺗدرﯾب وﻣﺳﺋوﻟﯾﺎﺗﻪ ﺗﺟﺎﻩ اﻟﻛﻠف اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﺳﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾؤدي اﻟﻰ ﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻻﺗﺻﺎﻻت واﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت ﻣﻊ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻻطراف واﺻﺣﺎب اﻟﻣﺻﻠﺣﺔ ﻣن‬
‫ﻣوردﯾن وﻣﺳﺋوﻟﯾن ﺣﻛوﻣﯾﯾن واﻟﻌﻣﻼء ﺑل وﺣﺗﻰ ﻣﻊ ﺟﯾران اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬زﯾﺎدة ﻓﻲ ﺗﺣﺳﯾﻧﺎت ﺟودة اﻟﻣﻧﺗوج واﺣﺗﻣﺎل اﻟﺗﻌرﯾف ﻋﻧﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺳواق اﻟﺟدﯾدة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬زﯾﺎدة ﻗدرة اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗﺄﻗﻠم ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌﺎت اﻟﺟدﯾدة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗﻧﺎﻓس ﻣﻊ ﺑﻘﯾﺔ اﻻﻋﻣﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻘطﺎع‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗﺧﻣﯾن واﻟﺗوﻗﻊ ﺑﺻدد اﻟﺳﻧﺎرﯾوﻫﺎت اﻟﺟدﯾدة اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣوﻫﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟم ﺑرﻣﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ"‪ -:‬اﻟﻣﺑﺎدئ اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﺔ ﻟﻺﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف‬
‫وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻣﺎ ﯾراﻩ ﻛل ﻣن ) ﻣﺟﺎﻫدي واﺑراﻫﯾﻣﻲ ‪ 2012‬ص‪ (65‬و)ﻣزرﯾق‪ ،2012،‬ص‪ (2‬ﻓﺎن اﻫم ﻣﺑﺎديء اﻻﻧﻣﺗﺎج‬
‫اﻻﻧظف ﺗﺗﻠﺧص ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﺎوة اﻟﻣواد اﻷوﻟﯾﺔ واﻟطﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﻣﺎء واﻟﻬواء ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺟﺗﻧﺎب اﻧﺗﺎج ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻛل ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﻣن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ أو اﻟﺧدﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﺿﺔ ﻋن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ واﻟﺧطرة ﺑﻣواد ﺑدﯾﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ .4‬ﺧﻔض ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﺗﺻرﯾﻔﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣواﻗﻊ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻋﺎدة ﺗدوﯾر واﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل واﺳﺗرداد اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﺛﺎﻧوﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺧﻠﻔﺎت اﻟﻰ أﻗﺻﻰ ﺣد ﻣﻣﻛن‪ ،‬ﻣن أﺟل ﺗﺣوﯾل اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻰ أرﺑﺎح‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺧﻔض ﺗﺄﺛﯾرات اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﺔ واﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ طوال دورات ﺣﯾﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎ"‪ _:‬اﻻﺟراءات‬
‫ﯾﺷﻣل اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻋﻠﻰ إﺟراءات وﻣﺑﺎدرات ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ وﺧﺎرﺟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪) -:‬اﻟﻣﺣﺟري‪,2003,‬ص ‪. (50‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗدرﯾب اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬وﺿﻊ ﺧطﺔ ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟرﺻد اﻟذاﺗﻲ واﻟﻣراﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟرﺻد اﻟذاﺗﻲ واﻟﻣراﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑدراﺳﺔ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﺣﯾﺎة اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺞ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺛم اﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت واﻟدراﺳﺎت ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬وأﺧﯾ ار ﻧﺷر وﺗﻘﺎﺳم اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﺔ واﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ وﺧﺎرﺟﻬﺎ وﻣﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺣور اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪-:‬ﺧطوات وﻣﻧﻬﺞ ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف‬

‫اوﻻ"‪ -:‬ﺧطوات ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف‬
‫ﺣدد ﻛل ﻣن )‪ ( (K.B. Chan, 2005, 7‬و) ‪ ( Morrison:2016:84‬اﺛﻧﺗﺎ ﻋﺷر ﺧطوة ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق‬
‫ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻫﻲ ﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﺑدأ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ ﺛم اﺑدأ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ‬
‫‪ .2‬دع اﻟﺗدﻓق اﻟﻌظﯾم ﻟﻠﻌﻣل ﯾﺳﯾر ﺑﺑطﻲء ﻣﺛل اﻟﺳﺣﻠﻔﺎة وﻻ ﯾﻘﻔز ﻛﺎﻷرﻧب‬
‫‪ .3‬اﺣﺻل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺟودة اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺣﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣرة اﻻوﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺿﻊ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﻟﻠﻣﻬﺎم واﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت وﺣﺎﻓظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻋﺎدة اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾس‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻻﺷﺧﺎص ﻫم ﻛﺎﺋﻧﺎت ﺗرى ‪ ،‬ﻓﺧذ )ﺻورة‪ ،‬ﻟﻘطﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓدﯾو ( ﻣﺛﺎﻟﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻌﻣل ‪،‬ﻟﻼﺟراءات‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬اﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ ﯾﺟب ان ﺗﺧدم اﻟﻌﻣل وﻻ ﺗﻧوب ﻋن اﻻﺳﺗﻛﺷﺎف ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻋﺗﻧﺎءك ﺑﺄﺳﺎﻟﯾب وﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت ﺟدﯾدة ﻓﻘط وﻟﻛن‬
‫اوﻻ ﯾﺟب ان ﺗﺑرﻫن ذﻟك وﻣن ﺛم ﺗطﺑق اﻻﻧظﻣﺔ ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ واﺳﻌﺔ اﻟﻘﺑول‪ .‬ﻓﺎﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ ﻋﺑد راﺋﻊ وﻟﻛﻧﻬﺎ أﺳﺗﺎذ ﻓظﯾﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻧﻣﻲ ﻗﺎدة ﻣن أوﻟﺋك اﻟذﯾن ﯾؤﻣﻧون ﺑﻌﻣق ﺑﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻋﻠﻣﻬم ﺑﺎﻟﻔﻌل واﻟﻛﻠﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬اﺳس ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ ﻗوﯾﺔ ﻟﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﺑﻧﺎءا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ اﻟﺛﺎﺑﺗﺔ وﻫﻲ‪ ) :‬اﻟﺗدوﯾر‪ ،‬اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾص‪ ،‬اﻋﺎدة اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ ‪،‬‬
‫اﻋﺎدة اﻻﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل(‬
‫‪ .9‬اﺣﺗرم ﺷﺑﻛﺗك اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺟﻬزﯾن واﻟﺷرﻛﺎء وﺗﺣداﻫم ﻟﯾﻧﻣو ﻣﻌك‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻧظف ﺑﻧﺎءك اﻟذاﺗﻲ ﻟﺗﻔﻬم اﻟﻣﺷﻛﻼت‪.‬‬

‫‪ .11‬اﺳﺄل) ﻟﻣﺎذا ؟( ﻓﻲ اوﻗﺎت ﻣﺗﻌددة واﺳﺄل اي ﻋﺿو ﻓﻲ طﺎﻗﻣك ﻟﺗﺑﻧﻲ اراء وﻗ اررات ﻣﺗواﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﺑطء وﻧﻔذﻫﺎ ﺑﺳرﻋﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬اﺟﻌل ﺗﻌﻠﻣك وﺗﻌﻠﯾﻣك اﻟﺗﻧظﯾﻣﻲ ﻣﻼﺋم واﺣﺗﻔظ ﺑﺎﻛﺗﺷﺎﻓﺎﺗك ﻋن ﻓﻬﻣك اﻟﺳﯾﺊ ﻟﻸﻣور وﺣدد ﻛذﻟك إﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺎﺗك ﻟﻠﻧﻣو‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‪ -:‬اﻟﻣﻛوﻧﺎت اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﻌرﻓﯾﺔ ﻟﻣﻧﻬﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف‬
‫ﻣن دون إﺗﺑﺎع ﻣﻧﻬﺞ ﻣوﺿوﻋﻲ ﻣﺗﺳﻠﺳل وواﺿﺢ ﻻ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺗطﺑﯾق ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾراﻫﺎ )‪p116‬‬
‫‪( permalink: 2012‬و) اﻟﺟﻣﯾﻠﻲ ‪ 2014،‬ص‪( 74‬ﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺧطﻰ ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻧﺎﺟﺣﺔ وﺿرورة ﺗﻘﯾﯾﻣﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎ واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺎ وﺑﯾﺋﯾﺎ وﺻﺣﯾﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬دراﺳﺔ اﻟﻌﻣل ﺣﺳب ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻷوﻟوﯾﺔ ٕواﺑراز اﻟﻔواﺋد اﻟﻣﺣﺻل ﻋﻠﯾﻬﺎ ﺑﻔﺿل ﺗطﺑﯾق ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج أو اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻧظﯾف‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﻣﺟﻬود ﺟﻣﺎﻋﻲ ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ اﻷﻗﺳﺎم ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧظﯾف وﺿرورة ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ دور اﻷطر اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ ﻟﻺدارة أي‬
‫ﺿﻣﺎن دﻋﻣﻬﺎ ﻟﻠﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ واﻗﺗﻧﺎﻋﻬﺎ اﻟﺗﺎم ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ وﻫذا اﻻﻗﺗﻧﺎع ﯾﻌد ﻣﺳﻠك اﯾﺟﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫ﯾؤدي ﻓﻲ اﻟﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻟﺗدﺑﯾر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻣﺳﺋول ﻛﺑﯾر ﻟﻪ ﺻﻼﺣﯾﺎت اﻟﻘﯾﺎدة ﻟﺗطوﯾر وﺗﻧﻔﯾذ اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬وﺿﻊ ﻧظﺎم ﻟﺗﺧﺻﯾص اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف وطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﺗﻬرب ﻣن ﺗﺣﻣل اﻟﺗﻛﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻣﺧﺎﻟﻔﯾن‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﺗﺳﻬﯾل اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺎت ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت واﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺷﻛﯾل ﻓرﯾق ﻣﺗﻣرس ﻹﺟراء ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﻧﺳﯾق ﺑﯾن اﻷﻧﺷطﺔ واﻷﻗﺳﺎم ﻣﻊ ﻗدرﺗﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺣدﯾد أﻫداﻓﻪ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ اﻷﻧظف‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ ان ﺗﻛون ﻣن ﻣﻬﺎﻣﻪ اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﺔ ﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻟﺳﻠﺑﯾﺎت وﺣل اﻟﺧﻼﻓﺎت وﻟﻪ اﻟﻘدرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓرز‬
‫ﻣﺳﺎﻫﻣﺎت ﻛل ﻗﺳم او ﻗطﺎع ذات اﻟﺻﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﻊ ﺿﻣﺎن طرﯾﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﺻول ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت دﻗﯾﻘﺔ ﻋن ﻛل‬
‫ﻣﻛون ﻣن اﻟﻣﻛوﻧﺎت ﻟﻐرض ﺗﻘﯾﯾم ﻛل ﻣﻛون ﺗﻘﯾﯾﻣﺎ ﻣوﺿوﻋﯾﺎ ودﻗﯾﻘﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬اﻟﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن ﻋواﺋق رﻓض اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر أو ﺟﻬل اﻷﻫداف ﻣن ﻗﺑل أﻋﺿﺎء اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ أو اﻟﺟﻬل ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺣﻘﻘﺔ ﻣن ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﺗﻌرﯾف دﻗﯾق ﻷﻫداف اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻧﻬﺎﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺟزﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .10‬اﻻﻋﻼن اﻟﺻرﯾﺢ ﻋن اﻟﺗزام اﻻدارة ﺑﺎطر اﻟدﻋم واﻟﻧظﺎﻓﺔ واﻟﻣراﺟﻌﺔ واﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾم وﺟدوى اﻟﻌﻣل‪.‬‬
‫‪ .11‬ﻓﺣص اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت ﻓﻲ ﻣﯾدان اﻟﻌﻣل وﻓﺣص درﺟﺔ ﺗﻘدم اﻟﻧﺟﺎح واﻟﻣردودات وﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .12‬ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﺧطر اﻟﻣﻘﺗرن ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻣوﻣﯾﺎت وﺧﺻوﺻﺎ اﻟطرق اﻟﺑدﯾﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺗرﻛﯾب اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺎﻋدا ﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺑﯾدات اﻟﺣﺷرات اﻟﺗﻲ ﻻﯾﻣﻛن ﺗﺑرﯾر اﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾﻧﺎت اﻟﻣﻧﺟزة ﻋﻠﯾﻬﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻧﺎﺣﯾﺔ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ ﻛون ﻫذﻩ‬
‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﺣﺗﺎج اﻟﻰ ﻣواد ﺳﻣﯾﺔ أﺻﻼ ‪ ،‬وﻣن اﻟﺟدﯾر ﺑﺎﻟذﻛر أن أﻫم اﻟﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫واﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋص اﻻﺧرى ﻫﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬اﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻋﻼﻗﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ – اﻟﻧﺷﺎط‬
‫ب‪ .‬وﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﻧﺷﺎط اﻟﻘﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻫﺎﺗﺎن ﻫﻣﺎ اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن اﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻧﻌدام اﻟﻣﻌطﯾﺎت ﺳﻣوﻣﯾﺔ ﺗﺟرﯾﺑﯾﺔ وﻣﻊ ذﻟك ان ﻫﻧﺎك ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺷك‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗﻘدﯾرات اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﻬﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻏﻠب اﻟﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺗﺟرﯾﺑﯾﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ج‪ .‬طرﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ اﻟﻣرﺟﻌﯾﺔ وﻫﻲ اﻟطرﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﻣﺣددة ﻣن ﻗﺎدة ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻧظﺎم اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎﺗﻲ اﻟﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل ﻟﻺﺧطﺎر‬
‫واﻟﻣﺷﻛل ﻓﻲ اﻷﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة اﻟذي طور ﻣن ﻗﺑل وﻛﺎﻟﺔ اﻷﻣرﯾﻛﯾﺔ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﻟﺗرﺟﯾﺢ ﺳﻣوﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻣواد ﻓﻲ اﻻﺣوال‬
‫اﻵﺗﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ . 1‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺗﻧﺎول‬
‫‪.13‬ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.14‬ﺗﺣﺿﯾر ﺗﻘرﯾر ﯾﺷﻣل اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت وﻗﯾﺎس ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﺗﻘدم‪.‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻰ اي ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ ﺗرﻏب ﺑﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ ان ﺗﺟﯾب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺋﻠﺔ اﻟﻣﻬﻣﺔ ادﻧﺎﻩ‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬ﻫل ﯾﺗوﻓر ﺗﻣوﯾل ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ؟‬
‫ب‪ .‬ﻫل ﺳﺗﺗﺣﺳن ظروف اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻣل؟‬
‫ت‪ .‬اﻟﻰ اي ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﺳﺗﺗﻘﻠص اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣواد؟‬
‫ث‪ .‬ﻫل ﺳﺗﺗﻐﯾر ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﻣراﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﺟودة؟‬
‫ج‪ .‬ﻫل ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺳﯾﺗطﻠب اﻻﻧﺗظﺎر ﺣﺗﻰ ﺗﺳﺗﻧزف اﺣﺗﯾﺎطﯾﺎت اﻟﻣواد اﻻوﻟﯾﺔ اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ ﻣﺎ زاﻟت‬
‫ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﻣﺎل اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺣﺎﻟﯾﺔ؟‬
‫ح‪ .‬ﻫل ﻫﻧﺎك ﻣدة ﯾﺗوﻗف ﻓﯾﻬﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج ﻗﺑل ﺗطﺑﯾق ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ؟‬
‫خ‪ .‬ﻫل اﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻧظﯾف ﻣﻧﺳﺟﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﺣﺎﻟﯾﺔ؟‬
‫د‪ .‬ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت ﺗدرﯾب اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ؟‬
‫وﯾرى اﻟﺑﺎﺣث إن ذﻟك ﻟﻪ دور ﺑﺎرز ﻓﻲ اﻟوﺻول اﻟﻰ اﻟﻘﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺷروع اﻟﻣزﻣﻊ ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وأن ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف ﯾﺣﺗﺎج إﻟﻰ ﻣﺟﻬودات ﺗﺿﺎﻓرﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻣﻧﺎﺻرﯾﻪ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋن ﺿرورة ﺗﻌﻠم ﺷﻲء ﻋن‬
‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻓﻲ ﻛل ﯾوم وﻟو ﻛﺎن ﺷﯾﺋﺎ ﺑﺳﯾطﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﯾم اﻟﺻﺑر واﻟﺗﺣدي واﻷﯾﻣﺎن ﺑﻣﺑدأ اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ"‪ -:‬اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف‬
‫اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ)‪ (jidoka‬ﻛﻣﺎ ظﻬرت )‪(alkharj:2015p35‬ﻫو ﻣﺑدأ ﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﯾﻬدف اﻟﻰ ﺗﻌزﯾز ﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻹدارة وﺳﻣﺎع ﺻوﺗﻬم ﺑﻐرض اﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾن ووﺿﻊ اﻟﺣﻠول ﻟﻣﻛﺎﻣن اﻟﺧﻠل ﻛﺄﺣد ﻧظرﯾﺎت اﻹدارة اﻟﺣدﯾﺛﺔ ﻟﺗﻣﻛﯾن‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن واﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﺗؤدي ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣطﺎف إﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ وﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﺟودة اﻟﺧدﻣﺔ ورﻓﻊ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟرﺿﺎ‬
‫اﻟوظﯾﻔﻲ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ورﻓﻊ ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻧظﯾﻣﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻣﺎ )‪ ( permalink: 2012 p54‬ﻓﯾرى ‪ JIDOKA‬ﻛﻠﻣﺔ ﻗد ﺗﻛون ﻏرﯾﺑﺔ ﺑﻌض اﻟﺷﺊ ﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ‪ JIDOKA‬ﻣﺑدأ‬
‫ﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﺗوﯾوﺗﺎ ﺣﯾث ﻛﺎن ﯾﺳﻣﺢ ﻟﻠﻌﻣﺎل ﺑﺷد اﻟﺣﺑل ٕواﯾﻘﺎف ﺧط ﺳﯾر ﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﺳﯾﺎرات ﻋﻧد ﻣﻼﺣظﺔ أي‬
‫ﺧﻠل‪ .‬ووﻓﻘﺎ ﻟـ )اﻟﻣطرﻓﻲ ‪، 2014‬ص‪(2‬‬
‫ان اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ﻋﻧد ﺷرﻛﺔ ﺗوﯾوﺗﺎ ﺗﻌﻧﻲ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺋن واﻻﻻت ذات اﻟذﻛﺎء اﻟﺑﺷري اذ ﺗﺷﻛل اﺳﺎس اﻟﺑﻧﺎء ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺟﺎل اﻟﺟودة‪.‬‬

‫ووﻓﻘﺎ ﻟـ )دﻻل ﺟﻣﺎل‪ 2013 ،‬ص‪ (123‬و) ﻗﺎﺳم ‪ ،2011 ،‬ص‪ (12‬اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ﺗﻌﻧﻲ ﻣﺑدأ اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت‬
‫وﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت واﺟراءات وﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج واﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺣو ﻗﺎﺑل ﻟﻼﺳﺗداﻣﺔ واﻟﺗدوﯾر واﺗﺧﺎذ اﻟﺗداﺑﯾر‬
‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ‪ ،‬وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺿواﺑط وﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﻋﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫ٕوادراﻛﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ اﻟدوﻟﻲ أن ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ ﺟﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‪ ،‬وأن ﻛل إﺟراء ﯾﺗﺧذ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ ﯾﺟب أن ﯾﺷﻣل إﺟراءات ﻟﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻹﻧﺗﺎج واﻹﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺣو ﻗﺎﺑل ﻟﻺﺳﺗداﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘد أﺻدر‬
‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻷﻣم اﻟﻣﺗﺣدة ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻹﻋﻼن اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ ﻟﻺﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف‪ ،‬اﻟذي ﯾدﻋو إﻟﻰ ﺗﺑﻧﻲ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﺳﺗﻬﻼﻛﯾﺔ‬
‫ٕواﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ ﺗرﻛز ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛل‪ :‬ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟدورة اﻟﺣﯾﺎﺗﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻧﺗﺞ‪ ،‬واﻟﻌﻣل‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗطوﯾر ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﺷﺟﯾﻊ ﺗﻐﯾﯾر اﻷوﻟﯾﺎت ﻣن إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت إﻟﻰ اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗطوﯾر‬
‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج ﻟﯾﻛون ذا ﻛﻔﺎءة ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻼﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠك‬
‫‪-‬اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﺗطﺑﯾﻘﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻌددة‬
‫ﻟﻘد ﻣرت طرق ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ اﻟﺗﻠوث ﺗﺎرﯾﺧﯾﺎ ﺑﺄرﺑﻌﺔ ﻣراﺣل ﻣﺗﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ ‪ ) -:‬ﻣﺟﺎﻫدي واﺑراﻫﯾﻣﻲ‪،2012،‬ص‪(78‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺟﺎﻫل اﻟﺗﻠوث‪Ignore Pollution‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺧﻔﯾف ﺣدة اﻟﺗﻠوث‪Dilute Waste Steam‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻠوث ‪Pollution Control‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺗﻠوث ‪Prevent Pollution‬‬
‫ﻟﻘد ﺣدث اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻛﺑﯾر ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌدﻻت اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺻﺎدرة ﻋن ﻗطﺎﻋﺎت ﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﺑﻌد ﺗطﺑﯾق اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت‬
‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف واﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻣﻧظﻔﺔ وﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ ﻋدﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت) ﻣﺟﺎﻫدي واﺑراﻫﯾﻣﻲ‪،2012،‬ص‪ ،(78‬وﺣدث ﻫذا‬
‫اﻻﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ﺗدوﯾر اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت أو ﺟزء ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻋﻧد ﺗوﻟدﻫﺎ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺻب)‪ ،solution (end of pipe‬وﺗطوﯾر‬
‫ﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ واﻟﻣﻌدات ﻣن اﺟل إﻋﺎدة ﺗﻧﺷﯾط اﻟﺗﻧﺎﻓﺳﯾﺔ)ﻣزرﯾق‪ ،2012،‬ص‪ ، (2‬وﺗﺣﺳﯾن ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل‪ ،‬واﻟﺗدﺑﯾر اﻟﺟﯾد‪ ،‬وﺗداول اﻟﻣواد‪ ،‬وﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻣﻌدات‪ ،‬وﻣراﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت وﺗﺗﺑﻌﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟﺗﺣﻛم اﻵﻟﻲ‪ ،‬وأن ﺗﺳﺗﺑدل‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣواد اﻟﺧﺎم ﻣواد أﺧرى ﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت أﻗل ﺧطورة أو ﺑﻛﻣﯾﺎت أﻗل‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﺧدام أﻛﺛر ﻛﻔﺎءة ﻟﻠﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﺛﺎﻧوﯾﺔ ﻟذا ﺗﻌد‬
‫ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟـ )ﻗﺎﺳم ‪، 2011 ،‬ص‪ (3‬ﻫﻰ أﺣد إﺑداﻋﺎت ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌد اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ‪ ،‬وﻋﻣوﻣ ًﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻧﺎك ﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﻣﺗﻌددة ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﺣو اﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﺗطوﯾر اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ ﺑﺣذف اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﻣواد ﺿﺎرة ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ أو اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪ ،‬وﺛﻣﺔ ﻣﺛﺎل ﻣﻌروف ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺻﻧﺎﻋﺎت ﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟﻛﻠور واﻟﺻودا اﻟﻛﺎوﯾﺔ‪ ،‬إذ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺗﻔﺎدي ﺗﺻرﯾﻔﺎت اﻟزﺋﺑق ﻧﺣو اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﺄن ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻣﺻﺎﻧﻊ‬
‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة طرﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺧﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﻐﺷﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺑدﻻً ﻣن طرﯾﻘﺔ اﻟﺧﻠﯾﺔ اﻟزﺋﺑﻘﯾﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺗﻲ ﻛﺎﻧت ﺗﺳﺗﻌﻣل ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺳﺗﺑدال اﻟﻣواد‪ ) ،‬اﻟﺟﻣﯾﻠﻲ ‪ 2014،‬ص‪ (64‬إذ ﺗوﺟد ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺟﺎﻻت ﻣﺗﻌددة ﻷن ﺗﺳﺗﺑدل ﺑﺎﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫ﻣواد أﺧرى أﻗل ﺿر ًار‪ ،‬وﺗﺷﻣل ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻻﺳﺗﺑدال ﻷﺳﺑﺎب ﺻﺣﯾﺔ اﺳﺗﺑدال ﻣذﯾﺑﺎت وﻣرﻛﺑﺎت ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﯾﻣﻛن أن‬
‫ﺗﺳﺑب اﻟﺳرطﺎن واﺳﺗﺧدام ﻣواد أﺧرى ﻏﯾر ﻣﺳرطﻧﺔ ﺑدﻻً ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻛذﻟك ﺗﺷﻣل ﻣواد طﻼء ودﻫﺎﻧﺎت ﺣﺎوﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟرﺻﺎص واﺳﺗﺧدام ﻣواد أﺧرى آﻣﻧﺔ‪ ،‬وﻋدم اﺳﺗﺧدام ﻣواد ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻛﺄﻟﯾﺎف اﻷﺳﺑﺳﺗوس )اﻷﻟﯾﺎف اﻟزﺟﺎﺟﯾﺔ( وﻣﺎ ﻫو‬

‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺎﻛﻠﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﺧدام اﻟﻣﻧظﻔﺎت اﻟﻣﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺑدﻻً ﻣن اﻟﻣﻧظﻔﺎت اﻟﻣﺑﻧﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣذﯾﺑﺎت ﻋﺿوﯾﺔ‪ ،‬واﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﺑداﺋل‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣرﻛﺑﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻧﻔدة ﻟطﺑﻘﺔ اﻷوزون‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺗطوﯾر اﻟﻣﻌدات أو اﺳﺗﺑداﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬إذ ﯾﻣﻛن ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ ﺗﻛوﯾن اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت ﺑﺗطوﯾر اﻷﺟﻬزة أو اﺳﺗﺑداﻟﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﯾﻧﺗﺞ ﻋن ﻫذا‬
‫ﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ ﺟدﯾدة ذات ﻛﻔﺎءة ﻋﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج وذات ﺗﺻرﯾف أﻗل ﻟﻠﻣﻠوﺛﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬إدارة داﺧﻠﯾﺔ ﺟﯾدة‪ ،‬إذ ﺗﻌﻣل اﻹدارة اﻟﺟﯾدة ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺷﻐﯾل أﻧظﻣﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج ﺑﺄﻓﺿل اﻟوﺳﺎﺋل ﻣن أﺟل ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت‬
‫ٕواﺟراءات داﺧﻠﯾﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛل‪ :‬ﻋزل اﻟﻔﺿﻼت‪ ،‬وﻣﻧﻊ ﺗﺳرب اﻟﻣواد‪ ،‬وﺟدوﻟﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج‪ ،‬واﻟﻧظﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺟﯾدة‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺗدوﯾر اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‪ ،‬وﺗﻬدف ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺧﻔض اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت‪ ،‬وذﻟك ﻋن طرﯾق إﻋﺎدة اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ اﻷﺻﻠﯾﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﻓﻲ ﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ أﺧرى ﻛﻣﺎدة ﺧﺎم‪ ،‬أو ﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ ﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت أﺧرى‪ ،‬أو ﺑﻘﺻد ﺗوﻓﯾر طﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﻧﻬﺎ‪ .‬إن‬
‫ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﯾﺗطﻠب ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج واﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧدﻣﺔ وﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﺳﺗﺧداﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻋن اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص ﻛل اﻟﻣﺷﺎﻛل اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﻣﻛن ﺣدوﺛﻬﺎ واﻟﻘﯾﺎم ﺑﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺗﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﯾﻌﺗﻣد ﻧﺟﺎح‬
‫ﺧطط اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ اﻋﺗﻣﺎداً رﺋﯾﺳﯾﺎً ﻋﻠﻰ اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻹدارة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ واﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛل‪ :‬ﻣﻧﻊ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻠوث‪ ،‬وﺧﻔض اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت‪ ،‬واﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺷﺎرﯾﻊ اﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫذا ﯾﺗطﻠب ﺗﻌﺎون ﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬
‫ﻗطﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ‪ :‬اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻧﻘﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﻌﻣﺎل‪ ،‬واﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎت‪ ،‬واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت ﻏﯾر اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﯾﺔ‪،‬‬
‫واﻷﻓراد‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺗﺣول إﻟﻰ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ‪ ،‬وذﻟك ﺑﺎﻟﺣد ﻣن اﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك اﻟﻣﻔرط‪ ،‬وﺗﺣﻘﯾق ﻓﺎﻋﻠﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌزﯾز اﻟﻘدرة‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﺑداع اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﻲ اﻟﻧظﯾف‪ ،‬واﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﺑدﯾﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺣدﯾث اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ ﺑﻣﺎ ﯾﻼﺋم‬
‫اﻻﻫﺗﻣﺎم اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ‪ ،‬وﺗﺑﻧﻲ اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛل‪ :‬ﻛﻠﻔﺔ اﻟﺗﻠوث‪ ،‬واﻹﺟراءات اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‪ .‬وﻗد أﺛﺑﺗت اﻟﺗﺟﺎرب أن‬
‫اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ ذات ﺟدوى اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺟﻧب اﻷﺿرار اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻠﺣق ﺑﺎﻟﺻﺣﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪ ،‬وأﻧﻬﺎ ﺗدر رﺑﺣﺎً أوﻓر‪،‬‬
‫وﺗﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﻣوارد اﺳﺗﺧداﻣًﺎ أﻛﻔﺄ‪ ،‬ﻛﻣﺎ أﻧﻬﺎ ذات إﻧﺗﺎج أﻋﻠﻰ‪.‬‬
‫وﺗﺷﯾر اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر واﻟﺑﺣوث اﻟواردة ﺑﻬذا اﻟﺻدد ان ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻘﻠق ﺣول اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة ﻣرﺗﻔﻊ ﺟدا‪،‬وﯾﺻل ﺑﺎﻟﻐرب اﻟﻰ‬
‫‪ %80‬وﻓﻘﺎ ﻻﻏﻠب اﻻﺳﺗطﻼﻋﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ اﺟرﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻧظﻣﺎت ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ ﻣوﺛوﻗﺔ‬
‫‪Harleysville, PA 19438 272Ruth Road) (PERFORMING ORGANIZATION‬‬
‫)‪NAME(S‬‬
‫‪( National Renewable‬و)‪AND ADDRESS (ES 2011)Natural Marketing Institute‬‬
‫‪Energy‬‬
‫‪ ( National Technical‬و)‪Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd. Golden, CO 80401-3393‬‬
‫‪Information‬‬
‫‪Service U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port Royal Road Springfield, VA‬‬
‫و) )‪22161‬‬
‫‪NREL Technical Monitor: Lori Bird and Jenny Sumner‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻣن اﻟﻘﻠق اﻟﻣذﻛور اﻟذي اظﻬرﺗﻪ اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر واﻟدراﺳﺎت ﻓﻘد اﻧﺧﻔﺿت اﻫﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎت ﺑﺎﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ ﻣن‬
‫اﻟﻼﻣﺑﺎﻟﯾن اﻟﻰ اﻛﺛر ﻣن ‪ ٪89‬ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ ،2002‬ﻫذا اﻻﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻫو ﯾﺗﻔق ﻣﻊ اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻋﺎم ﻓﻲ اﻟﻼﻣﺑﺎﻟﯾن ﺑﺳﻣﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺛل ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟزراﻋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ‬

‫ﯾﺳﺗﻣر اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛون ﻟﻼﻋﺗﻘﺎد ﺑﺄن أﻫم ﻓﺎﺋدة ﻣن اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة ﻫﻲ اﻟﺗوازن واﻟﻧﻘﺎء ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻣن أن ﺑﻌض‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﯾﻌﺗﻘدون أن أﻫم اﻟﻔواﺋد ﻣن ذﻟك ﻫﻲ اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺻﺣﺔ اﻹﻧﺳﺎن واﻟﻔواﺋد اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗوﻋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠك ﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ اﻟﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟرﻓﯾﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ﯾﺷﻛل ﺗﺣدﯾﺎ ﻟﻠﻣراﻓق اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ أو اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﻘدم ﺧﯾﺎرات‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن‪ .‬وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻣن اﻟزﯾﺎدة اﻟﻣﺗواﺿﻌﺔ ﻓﻲ وﻋﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠك‪ ،‬ﻓﺎن ‪ ٪14‬ﻓﻘط ﻣن‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن أﺻﺑﺣوا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﯾﻧﺔ ﻣﺗواﺿﻌﺔ ﺑﺧﯾﺎرات اﻟﺷراء ﻟﻠطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة ﻟﺣد اﻵن‪ .‬وﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ذﻟك‪ ،‬رﻏﺑﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠك ﻟدﻓﻊ اﻟﻣزﯾد ﻟﻠﺣﺻول ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة ﻗد اﻧﺧﻔﺿت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﻧوات اﻷﺧﯾرة‪ .‬ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾﺗطﻠب ﻣن اﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﯾﻬم اﻻﻛﺎدﯾﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻧﺎﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﺣﺳﯾن اﻟوﻋﻲ ﺑﻬذا اﻟﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﺣﯾوي واﻟﺣﺎﺳم ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﻌزﯾز ﺣراﻛﻪ ﺑﺈﺷﺎﻋﺗﻪ‬
‫واﻟﺗﺛﻘﯾف ﺑﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻧدوات واﻟﻣؤﺗﻣرات‬
‫وﻋﻠﻰ اﻟرﻏم ﻣن اﻻﻋﺗﻘﺎد اﻟﺳﺎﺋد ﺑﺄن ﻫﻧﺎك اﺧﺗﻼﻓﺎت إﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣواﻗف ﺣول اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‪ ،‬وﻫذﻩ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫ﻋﺎدة ﻻ ﺗظﻬر اﺧﺗﻼﻓﺎت إﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ ﻗوﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻻﺧﺗﻼﻓﺎت اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻣﺎ زاﻟت ﻣوﺟودة‪:‬‬
‫اﺻﺑﺢ وﻋﻲ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐرب أﻛﺛر ﺗزاﯾدا واﺗﺳﺎﻋﺎ ﺣول اﻟﺑﺻﻣﺔ اﻟﻛرﺑوﻧﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺣﯾث‪ ،‬اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫وﻣوازﻧﺔ اﻟﻛرﺑون ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق اﻷﺧرى اﻟذﯾن ﻟدﯾﻬم وﻋﻲ ﻣﻧﺧﻔض ﺟدا ﺑﻬﺎ وﺑﻣﻧﺎﻓﻌﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐرب أﯾﺿﺎ أﻗل ﺣﺳﺎﺳﯾﺔ ﺣول اﻟﺳﻌر ﻣن اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧﺎطق أﺧرى وأﻛﺛر ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺗﯾﻌﺎب واﻟﻔﻬم ﺣول ﺷراء ﺑﻌض ﻣن ﻣﻧﺗﺟﺎت اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﻧزﻟﯾﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬم ﻣن ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛون ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرق اﻷوﺳط وﺑﺎﻗﻲ دول اﻟوطن اﻟﻌرﺑﻲ واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠك اﻟﻌراﻗﻲ ﺧﺻوﺻﺎ ﻫم اﻷﻗل اﺣﺗﻣﺎﻻ أن‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﯾﻛوﻧوا ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠم ﺑﺧﯾﺎرات ﺷراء اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻠوح ﻓﻲ اﻻﻓق ﻣﻼﻣﺢ ﺧطﯾرة اﻫﻣﺎ ان اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن اﻟوﻋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧﺗﺞ اﻷﻧظف واﻷرﻓق ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﯾﺻل اﻟﻰ ﻧﺻف اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻬﻠﻛﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻟم و اﻟذﯾن ﻫم ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن ﺧﯾﺎرات اﻟﺷراء ﻟﻠطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة وﻫم ﻻ ﯾﺄﺑﻬون‬
‫ﺑﺷراء ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‪ ،‬وﯾﻣﻛن ان ﻧﺳﺗﺛﻣر ﻫذﻩ اﻻﺷﺎرة ﺑﺎن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﺗﺷﯾر اﻟﻰ ﻣزﯾد ﻣن اﻟﻔرص ﻟﻠﻧﻣو‬
‫اﻟﺳوﻗﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻘطﺎع وﻧدﻋو اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺛﻣرة ان ﺗﻐﺗﻧم ﻓرص اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر ﺑﻬذا اﻟﻣﺟﺎل ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ ‪ -:‬اﻟﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﺗطﺑﯾﻘﻲ‬
‫‪.1‬ﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻻﺳﺗطﻼع ﺣول ﻣﺗﻐﯾرات ﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﺑﺣث واﺑﻌﺎدﻫﺎ‪:‬‬
‫اوﻻ"‪-:‬اﻷﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻔرﻋﯾﺔ ﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر ادارة ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج او اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻻﻧظف وﯾﺗﺿﻣن ﺛﻼث اﺑﻌﺎد وﻫﻲ)ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‪،‬اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ‪،‬وﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة(‬
‫وﻟﻛل ﺑﻌد ﻓﻘرﺗﯾن ﺗﻌﺑران ﻋن ﺗﻔﺳﯾر ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻪ وﺑﺳﻠم ﻗﯾﺎس ﯾﺗدرج ﻣدى اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﻣن )ﻟم اﺳﻣﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻣطﻠﻘﺎ وﺑﻘوة اﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺳﺎوي ﺻﻔر – اﻟﻰ اﺗﻔق ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ ﺑﻘوة إﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺗﺳﺎوي ﺧﻣس اي )‪ .( 5-0‬ﺗﻐطﻲ ﻫذا اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر ﺳت ﻓﻘرات ﯾرى اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬
‫اﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﻌد ﻓﻘرات ﻣوﺟزة وواﻓﯾﺔ ﺗﺣﻘﯾﻘﺎ ﻻﻫداف اﻟﺑﺣث وﻛﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪.‬ﻓﻘرات اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﺧﺎص ﺑﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ‪n=24‬‬

‫‪.1‬ان ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺗطﺑق ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟرﻓق ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ؟‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Never heard‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬
‫‪Of‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬
‫ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪68‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮارات ‪f‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪94‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.9166‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻲ ‪M‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.712‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‪S.d‬‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ واﻟﺑﺎﻟﻎ )‪ (2.5‬ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل‬
‫ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ وﻣﺎ ﯾؤﯾد ذﻟك اﻻﻧﺣراف اﻟﻣﻌﯾﺎرﯾﻲ اﻟﺑﺎﻟﻎ )‪ (0,712‬ﻓﻲ دﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻧﺳﺟﺎم‬
‫اراﺋﻬم ﺣوﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﺗﻬﺗم ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺑﺗﺧﺻﯾص ﻣﺑﺎﻟﻎ ﻟﻠﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت اﻟﻧﻬﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺧﻠﻔﻬﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج ‪.‬‬
‫‪Disagree Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understand‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Completel Somewh‬‬ ‫‪Somew Completel‬‬
‫‪/ Never‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪at‬‬ ‫‪hat‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪heard Of‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪70‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.208333‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻲ‪M‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.79056‬‬
‫)اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‬
‫)‪(s.d‬‬
‫واﻟﺑﺎﻟﻎ ) ‪ (4.208‬ﻗد ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ وﺑﻣﻘدار اﻛﺑر‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﻔﻘرة اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﺑﺎﻧﺣراف ﻣﻌﯾﺎري )‪ (0,790‬ﻓﻲ دﻻﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺗﻔﺎق اﻓراد ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ﻣن اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻟﻌراﻗﯾﯾن واﻻﺟﺎﻧب‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﻣﺎﯾﺷﯾر ﻟﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ‪.‬‬

‫ب‪.‬ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ‬
‫‪.3‬ﺗﺣرص ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷراء اﻟﻣواد واﻟﺗﺟﻬﯾزات ﻣن ﻣﺻﺎدر ﺗؤﻣن ﺑﺎﻫﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺗدوﯾر واﺧﻼﻗﯾﺎﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫‪Never heard‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬
‫ﻣواﻓق ﻟم اﻓﮭم ‪ /‬ﻟم‬ ‫ﻏﯾر ﻣواﻓق ﻏﯾر‬ ‫ﻣواﻓق اﻟﻰ ﺣد ﻻ ھذا وﻻ‬ ‫ﻣِواﻓق ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﻣﻊ ﺑﮫ ﻣطﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣد ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗوة‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ﺗﻛرار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوع‬ ‫‪90‬‬
‫اﻟوﺳط‬ ‫‪3.750‬‬
‫اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ‪M‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺣراف‬ ‫‪0.6692533‬‬
‫)اﻟﻣﻌﯾﺎري)‪(s.d‬‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻋﻼﻩ ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ اﻟﺑﺎﻟﻎ )‪ (2.5‬ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل‬
‫ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣون اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ ﻣوﺿوع اﻟﺑﺣث‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﻣﺳﺗﻌدة ﻟدﻓﻊ )‪ (% 20‬أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣن اﻟﺳﻌر ﻟﻠﻣورد اﻟذي ﯾراﻋﻲ ﺷروط اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫‪Never heard Completely Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor Somewhat Completely‬‬
‫ﻣواﻓق ﻟم اﻓﮭم ‪ /‬ﻟم اﺳﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣواﻓق اﻟﻰ ﺣد ﻻ ھذا وﻻ ﻏﯾر ﻣواﻓق ﻏﯾر‬ ‫ﻣواﻓق ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺑﮫ ﻣطﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻣﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣد ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗوة‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫ﺗﻛرار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوع‬ ‫‪85‬‬
‫اﻟوﺳط‬ ‫‪3.95833‬‬
‫اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ‪M‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺣراف‬ ‫‪0.64279‬‬
‫)اﻟﻣﻌﯾﺎري)‪(s.d‬‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ‬

‫ج‪ .‬اﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‬

‫‪.5‬ﺗﺗﻌﺎﻗد ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﺣول ﻧﺣو اﺳﺗﺑدال اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺑدﯾﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻐذﯾﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ؟‬

‫‪n=24 Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.0416‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.711961‬‬
‫)اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري)‪(s.d‬‬
‫ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﻣن ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺟدول اﻋﻼﻩ ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﺑﻣﻘدار ﻟﯾؤﯾد اﺗﻔﺎق اﻓﻛﺎر‬
‫اﻓراد اﻟﻌﯾﻧﺔ واﺟﺎﺑﺎﺗﻬم ﺣول اﻟﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو اﺳﺗﺑدال اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ ﺑﺎﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺑدﯾﻠﺔ ﻟﺗﻠﻘﯾم ﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪.6‬ﺗﺣﺗرم ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ اﻟﻣﺟﻬزﯾن اﻟذﯾن ﯾﻣﺗﻠﻛون ﻣﺻﺎدر طﺎﻗﺔ ﺧﺿراء وﻧظﯾﻔﺔ ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗﻛرار ﺷراﺋﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.77948‬‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﺑﻣﻘدار ﻛﺑﯾر ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل ﻋﯾﻧﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺑﺣث اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‪ -:‬اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ)‪ ( Jidoka‬ﻣﺑدأ اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ‬

‫‪ .7‬ﺗﺣرص ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎﻋﻠﻰ ﺗدرﯾب وﺗوﻋﯾﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯾﻬﺎ ﺑﺻدد ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﻧﺷﺎطﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻧﻘﺎذ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن ﻣن‬
‫ﻣﺧﻠﻔﺎت اﻧﺗﺎﺟﻧﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬
‫‪Neither‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Agree Nor‬‬
‫‪Never heard‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬
‫‪Of‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﻤﻊ ﺑﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪64‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.75‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.68190‬‬
‫)‪(s.d‬‬
‫ﯾﺷﯾر اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ اﻋﻼﻩ ﺣول اﺗﻔﺎق اﻟﻌﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣرص ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﻧﻘﺎذ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن ﻣن ﻣﺧﻠﻔﺎت اﻧﺗﺎﺟﻬﺎ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﺗﺗﺑﻊ ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻧظﯾﻔﺔ وﺗﻘوم ﺑﻔﺣص وﺗﻧﻘﯾﺔ اﻻﺟواء ﻣن ﻣﻠوﺛﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج واﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن‬
‫اﻟﺳﻣوم واﻻﺿرار ﻋﻧد ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣدﺧﻧﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Completel‬‬ ‫‪Somew Complet‬‬
‫‪Never heard‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪hat‬‬ ‫‪ely‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ھﺬا ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ اﺳﻤﻊ ﺑﮫ‬
‫ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪55‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.3333‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Disagre‬‬ ‫‪Neithe‬‬
‫)اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understa‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫)‪(s.d‬‬ ‫‪Complet‬‬ ‫‪Somew‬‬ ‫‪Complet‬‬
‫‪nd/‬‬ ‫‪Somew‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪ely‬‬ ‫‪hat‬‬ ‫‪ely‬‬
‫‪Never‬‬ ‫‪hat‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬
‫‪heard Of‬‬ ‫‪Disagr‬‬
‫‪ee‬‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﻻ ھﺬا ﻏﯿﺮ‬
‫ﺑﮫ‬ ‫اﺳﻤﻊ‬ ‫وﻻ ھﺬا ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪45‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3. 833‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.7071‬‬
‫)‪(s.d‬‬
‫‪0.783‬‬
‫ﯾﺷﯾر ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻠﻔﻘرة ﻋﻠﻰ اﺗﻔﺎق ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺣول اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﺗﺣﻘق ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ )ﺗﺗﺑﻊ ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻧظﯾﻔﺔ وﺗﻘوم ﺑﻔﺣص وﺗﻧﻘﯾﺔ اﻻﺟواء ﻣن ﻣﻠوﺛﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج واﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺳﻣوم واﻻﺿرار ﻋﻧد ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣدﺧﻧﺔ‪ ( .‬وﻫو اﻋﻠﻰ وﺳط ﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﺣﺻﻠت ﻋﻠﯾﻪ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﻣن ﺑﯾن اﻻوﺳﺎط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻔﻘرات ﻛﺎﻓﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ان ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺗﻧﺎ ﺟﻣﯾﻌﺎ ﻛزﺑﺎﺋن وﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ ودوﻟﺔ وﺷرﻛﺎت‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﮭذه اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﮭﺎ اﻋﻼه‬
‫‪ .10‬ﻣن اوﻟوﯾﺎت ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﺗطوﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج ﻟﯾﻛون ذا ﻛﻔﺎءة ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺗﻼﺋﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت اﻻﺳﺗﻬﻼك اﻟﻣﻌﺎﺻرة ‪.‬‬
‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24 Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Completel Somewha‬‬ ‫‪Somewha Completel‬‬
‫‪Never‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪72‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3. 667‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.66105‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ ‪ :‬ﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﯾب ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ﺑﺎﺑﻌﺎدﻩ اﻟﺛﻼث) اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ(‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫‪.11‬ان ﻫدر اﻟﻣوارد اﻟطﺑﯾﻌﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻟﺗرﻛﯾز ﻋﻠﻰ وﻗود اﻟﻧﻔط ﻓﻲ ﺗﺷﻐﯾل اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺋن ﯾﻌد ﺧط ار اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺎ ﻓﺎدﺣﺎ"‬

‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understan‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Completel‬‬
‫‪d/‬‬ ‫‪Never Completely Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor Somewhat‬‬
‫‪y‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫اﺳﻤﻊ ﺑﮫ ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھﺬا‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.20833‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.777238‬‬
‫‪.12‬ان ﻛﻠف اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾدﯾﺔ ﺗﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟﻬدر اﻟﻣﺎدي وﺗﻣﺗد اﻟﻰ ) اﻟﻣﻌﻧوي واﻻﺧﻼﻗﻲ واﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ (‬

‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understan‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Somewh‬‬
‫‪d/‬‬ ‫‪Never Completely Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬ ‫‪Completely‬‬
‫‪at‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.54166‬‬
‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻲ ‪M‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.661437‬‬
‫)اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري)‪s.d‬‬
‫ب‪.‬اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫‪.13‬ﺗؤﻣن ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺎن اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻫﻲ اﻟﻐطﺎء اﻟﺣﺿﺎري ﻟﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﺳﺗداﻣﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫‪Neither‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Never heard Completely Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Somewhat Completely‬‬
‫‪Of‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪60‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.77948‬‬
‫‪ .14‬ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺗﻧﺎ ﺗﺗطﺎﺑق ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘدﯾم اﻟﺗﻘﺎرﯾر اﻟﻣﺗﻛررة ﻣن اﻟﺟﻬﺎت اﻟرﻗﺎﺑﯾﺔ ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺳﻠطﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ وﻫﻲ اﻟﺿﺎﻣن اﻟﻣﻬم‬
‫ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺗﻧﺎ ﻣن اﻻﺿرار اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻋن اﻟﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت اﻟﻼﻣﺳﺋوﻟﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻼﻣﺑﺎﻟﯾن‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪ /‬ﻟﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻰ ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع ﻗﻮة‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.791666‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.70922‬‬

‫ج‪ .‬اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ .15‬ﺗﻠﺗزم ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﺧﺎذ اﺟراءات ﺗﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺣوﺻﺎت اﻟدورﯾﺔ ﻟﻼﻓراد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﯾﻬﺎ ﻣن اﺟل اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻣراض‬
‫ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق‬
‫‪Neither‬‬
‫‪n=24 Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Never Completely Somewhat‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬
‫‪Somewhat Completely‬‬
‫‪heard Of‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪2.5833‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.456‬‬
‫)‪)(s.d‬اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‬
‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﻣﺗدﻧﻲ ﻟﻛﻧﻪ ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﺑﻣﻘدار ﺑﺳﯾط ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﻰ ﻣﯾل ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ اﯾﺿﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ وﻫو ان ﯾدل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻲء ﻓﺎﻧﻣﺎ ﯾدل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗواﺿﻊ ﻣﺟﻬودات‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻧﺷﺎطﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﺟراء اﻻﺧﺗﺑﺎرات واﻟﻔﺣوﺻﺎت اﻟدورﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﻬﻣﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب رأي اﻓراد ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬
‫وﺷﻌورﻫم ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻠق ازاء ﺣﺟم اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .16‬ﺗﻬﺗم ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن ﻣن ﻣﻠوﺛﺎت اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ وﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺑوب وﺗﻌﺗﻣد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺷر ﻓرق ﻟﻠﺗوﻋﯾﺔ ﺑﻛﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺧﺎطر‬
‫اﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺳﻣوم‬
‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪n=24 Understand/‬‬ ‫‪Completel‬‬ ‫‪Somewha‬‬
‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Somewha‬‬ ‫‪Completel‬‬
‫‪Never heard‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.500‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.656‬‬

‫‪ .17‬ﺗؤﻛد ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﺟراءات اﻻﻧﻘﺎذ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻋداد وﺗدرﯾب ﻓرﯾق ﻣﺗﺧﺻص ﯾؤدي ﻣﺎ ﻣطﻠوب ﻋﻧد اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‬
‫اﻟﺧطرة‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬
‫‪Don’t‬‬
‫‪n=24‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Disagree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬ ‫‪Agree‬‬
‫‪Understand‬‬
‫‪Completel‬‬ ‫‪Somewha‬‬ ‫‪Nor‬‬ ‫‪Somewha‬‬ ‫‪Completel‬‬
‫‪/‬‬ ‫‪Never‬‬
‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪Disagre‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬
‫‪heard Of‬‬
‫‪e‬‬
‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫)‪(f‬‬
‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫‪3.8333‬‬
‫‪M‬اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬ ‫‪0.6972‬‬
‫‪)(s.d‬اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‬
‫)‬
‫ﻣﯾل ﻋﯾﻧﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎ ﺳﺑق ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ﺑﺟﻼء ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ ﻟﻬذﻩ اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺗﺟﺎوز اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ‬
‫اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻣﻊ ﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻋﻼﻩ )) ﺗﻧوﯾﻪ(( ان اﻟوﺳط اﻟﻔرﺿﻲ ﻫو )‪(2,5‬‬
‫ﯾﺗﺿﺢ ان اﻗل اﻟﻔﻘرات وﺳطﺎ ﻫﻲ ﻓﻘرة)‪ (15‬ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق ﻟﻠﺳﻣﯾﺎت واﻟﺗﻲ ﻟم ﯾﺟﯾب ﻋﻠﯾﻬﺎ اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ اﻏﻠب اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ)) اذ اﺟﯾب ﻣﻧﻬم )‪ (12‬ﻓردا ﺑﻣﺣﺎﯾد و )‪ (8‬ﻣﻧﻬم اﺟﺎﺑوا ﻻ اﺗﻔق (( أي ﻟم ﯾﺟﯾﺑوا ﻋﻧﻬﺎ اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺎ ﻛﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻔﻘرات اﻟﺗﻲ ﺳﺑﻘﺗﻬﺎ او ﺗﻠﺗﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ دﻻﻟﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻋدم ﻗﻧﺎﻋﺗﻬم ﺑﻣﺿﻣوﻧﻬﺎ اﻟذي ﯾﺷﯾر اﻟﻰ )ﺗﻠﺗزم ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﺗﺧﺎذ اﺟراءات‬
‫ﺗﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺣوﺻﺎت اﻟدورﯾﺔ ﻟﻼﻓراد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﯾﻬﺎ ﻣن اﺟل اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻣراض ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق ( ﻣﺗﻔﻘﯾن ﺑﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﺣول ﻋدم ﻣﺎ ﯾﺷﯾر ﻟﻣﺿﻣون اﻟﻔﻘرة ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧطوة اﻟﻼﺣﻘﺔ ﺟرى اﻻﺳﺗﻣرار ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﯾﺑﯾن واﺳﺗﺧدام ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ‪ t-test‬ادﻧﺎﻩ ﻟﻠﺣﻛم ﻋﻠﻰ او ﻟﻠﺗﺄﻛد‬
‫ﻣن ﻋدم ﺻدﻓﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت واﻧﻣﺎ اﻋﺗﻣﺎد اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻘﺎﺋق واﻗﻌﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫√‬
‫‪T=r‬‬ ‫‪²‬‬
‫وﯾﺗطﻠب ﺣﺳﺎب اﻟﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻋﻼﻩ ﺗﺣﺿﯾر ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻻرﺗﺑﺎط وﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﺧط اﻻﻧﺣدار اﻻﺗﯾﺗﯾن‬
‫ارﺗﺑﺎط ﺳﺑﯾرﻣﺎن واﻟذي ﯾﺳﺗﺧدم ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻛﻣﯾﺔ اﻟوﺻﻔﯾﺔ ﻻﺛﺑﺎت اﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ او ﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ واﺗﺟﺎﻫﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫طردﯾﺔ ام ﻋﻛﺳﯾﺔ وﻗوﺗﻬﺎ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ ام ﻗوﯾﺔ ام ﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ ﻋﻧد ﻣﺳﺗوى دﻻﻟﺔ او ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺔ ) ‪ ( 0.05‬ﺑﺎﺧﺗﺑﺎر اﺗﺟﺎﻩ واﺣد وﻫﻛذا‪.‬‬

‫ﺟدول )‪(2‬‬
‫ﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘل ‪x‬واﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ‪y‬واﻻوﺳﺎط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﻻﺟﺎﺑﺎت ااﻓراد اﻟﻌﯾﻧﺔ) ‪(24‬‬
‫ﻣﺗﻐﯾر‬ ‫‪ M‬ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺎ ‪x‬‬

‫‪ M‬ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺎ ‪y‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر ‪y‬‬ ‫اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‬ ‫‪4.023‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر ‪x‬‬
‫‪3,625‬‬
‫ﻣﻠطف‬
‫‪4.208‬‬ ‫‪A12‬‬ ‫‪3.917‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر ‪a1‬‬
‫‪3.542‬‬ ‫‪A13‬‬ ‫‪4.208‬‬ ‫‪A2‬‬
‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪A14‬‬ ‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪A3‬‬
‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪A15‬‬ ‫‪3.958‬‬ ‫‪A4‬‬
‫‪2.583‬‬ ‫‪A16‬‬ ‫‪0.382‬‬ ‫‪4.041‬‬ ‫‪A5‬‬
‫‪3.500‬‬ ‫‪A17‬‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪A6‬‬
‫‪21,749‬‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوع‬ ‫‪24.140‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوع‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗوﺳط‬
‫‪3,625‬‬ ‫اﻟوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫‪4.023‬‬
‫اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﻲ اﻟﻌﺎم‬
‫اﻟﻣﺻدر ‪ 0:‬ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث اﺳﺗﻧﺎدا ﻟﻣﺧرﺟﺎت اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻲ ‪spss‬‬
‫ﺟدول )‪(3‬‬
‫ﺗﺣﻠﯾل ارﺗﺑﺎط ﺳﺑﯾرﻣﺎن‬
‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬ ‫رﺗب ‪x‬‬ ‫رﺗب ‪y‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪d²‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3.917‬‬ ‫‪4.208‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4,208‬‬ ‫‪3.542‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3.958‬‬ ‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4.041‬‬ ‫‪2.583‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪3.500‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪£‬‬ ‫‪24.140‬‬ ‫‪21.749‬‬ ‫‪56‬‬
‫اﻟﻣﺻدر ‪ 0:‬ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث اﺳﺗﻧﺎدا ﻟﻣﺧرﺟﺎت اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻲ ‪spss‬‬
‫ﺑﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎرﺗﺑﺎط ﺳﺑﯾرﻣﺎن ﻧﺣﺻل ﻋﻠﻰ‪-:‬‬
‫‪= 1 − (6‬‬ ‫( ⧸)‪²‬‬ ‫)‪− 1‬‬
‫)‪=1- (6(56)/6(35‬‬
‫)‪=1-(336/210‬‬
‫‪=1-1.6‬‬
‫‪=-.60‬‬
‫اذن ارﺗﺑﺎط ﻋﻛﺳﻲ ﻗوي أي ﻛﻠﻣﺎ طﺑﻘﻧﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻛﻠﻣﺎ اﻧﺧﻔﺿت اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر ) اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ(‪.‬‬
‫ﺟدول )‪ (4‬ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻻﻧﺣدار اﻟﺧطﻲ ﻻﺛﺑﺎت ﻗوة اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺗﺄﺛﯾرﯾﺔ واﺛﺑﺎت اﻟﻔرﺿﯾﺎت‬

‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪X‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬ ‫‪Xy‬‬ ‫‪x²‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3.917‬‬ ‫‪4.208‬‬ ‫‪16.483‬‬ ‫‪15.343‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪4,208‬‬ ‫‪3.542‬‬ ‫‪14.905‬‬ ‫‪17.707‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪15.638‬‬ ‫‪14.372‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪3.958‬‬ ‫‪3.791‬‬ ‫‪15.005‬‬ ‫‪15.666‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪4.041‬‬ ‫‪2.583‬‬ ‫‪10.438‬‬ ‫‪16.330‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪4.125‬‬ ‫‪3.500‬‬ ‫‪14.438‬‬ ‫‪17.016‬‬
‫‪£‬‬ ‫‪24.140‬‬ ‫‪21.749‬‬ ‫‪86.907‬‬ ‫‪96.434‬‬
‫ ‪= 4.023‬‬ ‫‪= 3.625‬‬
‫‪B=86.907-6(4.023)(3.625)/96.434-6(4.023)²‬‬
‫‪=86.907-86.5/96.434-97.107‬‬
‫‪=0.407/-0.673‬‬
‫‪=-0.61‬‬
‫اذن اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﺗﺎﺛﯾرﯾﺔ ﻋﻛﺳﯾﺔ ﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ ﻗوﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف وﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ‬
‫اي ﻛﻠﻣﺎ زادت اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻛﻠﻣﺎ ﻗﻠت اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر وﻫﻲ ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ ﻣﻧطﻘﯾﺔ ﺗﻧﺳﺟم ﻣﻊ اﻟﺟﺎﻧب اﻟﻧظري وﻫو ﻣﺎ ﯾﺛﺑت ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫اﻣﺎ ﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﺗﻔﺳﯾر او ﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻟﺗﺣدﯾد ﻓﯾﻣﻛن ﺣﺳﺎﺑﻪ ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺗرﺑﯾﻊ ﻗﯾﻣﺔ) ‪ (0.36 = r²‬اي ﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﺗﻔﺳﯾر ﻗوي‬
‫ﻣوﺟب‪.‬‬
‫وﻋﻧد اﺳﺗطﻼع آراء ﻋﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن )‪ (24‬ﻓردا ﯾﻌﻣﻠون ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﺟرى اﺧﺗﯾﺎرﻫم ﺑطرﯾﻘﺔ ﻋﺷواﺋﯾﺔ ﺗوﺻل‬
‫اﻟﺑﺎﺣث اﻟﻰ اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ ادﻧﺎﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻧد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻲ ‪ spss‬ﺣزﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻟﺻﯾﻎ اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺄﻛد ﻣن‬
‫دﻗﺔ اﻟﺗطﺑﯾق ظﻬرت ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟدول )‪ (5‬ادﻧﺎﻩ ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﺧﺗﺑﺎر ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﺔ ﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾراﺗﻬﺎ اﻟﻣﻔﺳرة ﻣﺗﺟزﺋﺔ وﻣﺗﻐﯾراﺗﻬﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﯾﺑﺔ ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺔ ‪n=24‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﺤﺮاف‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮى‬ ‫‪d.f‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺎري‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫‪t‬‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﻐﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻲ‬
‫‪r²‬‬ ‫‪r‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﺒﻌﺪ‬
‫دال‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺎ‬ ‫‪0.751‬‬ ‫‪4.089‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
‫‪0.0000‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮار ﻧﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪0.6555‬‬ ‫‪3.874‬‬ ‫اﻟﺰراﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺮﺿﯿﺔ‬ ‫√‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫أي ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫‪T=r ²‬‬ ‫‪0.7455‬‬ ‫‪4.083‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﯿﻔﺔ او‬
‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪوﻟﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪T=-0.6‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺘﺠﺪدة‬
‫وارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫‪0.360‬‬ ‫‪-0.60‬‬
‫‪0.337‬‬ ‫(‬
‫√‬ ‫اﻟﺠﯿﺪوﻛﺎ ) ﻣﺒﺪأ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﻮﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪0.724‬‬ ‫‪0.382‬‬
‫اﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪23‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺎﺋﯿﺔ(‬
‫‪=3.518‬‬
‫وذﻟﻚ ﻻن‬
‫ﻗﯿﻤﺔ ‪t‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫‪0.676‬‬ ‫‪0.363‬‬ ‫)اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫اﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﯿﺔ(‬
‫اﻟﺠﺪوﻟﯿﺔ‬

‫ﺑدرﺟﺔ ﺣرﯾﺔ ‪ 23‬وﻣﺳﺗوى دﻻﻟﺔ او ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺔ) ‪(0.05‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﺛﺑﺎت ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ‪-:‬‬

‫ﯾﺷﯾر ﻛل ﻣن ) اﻻوﺳط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ اﻟﻔرﻋﯾﺔ اﻋﻼﻩ واﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ واﻷوﺳﺎط اﻟﺣﺳﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺗﻐﯾر‬
‫اﻟﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺎ ‪ ،‬و وﻣﻌﺎﻣل اﻻرﺗﺑﺎط ‪ ،‬واﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺣﺳوﺑﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ ﻫﻲ اﻋﻠﻰ ﻣن اﻟﻘﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺟدوﻟﺔ ‪،‬وﻣﻌﺎﻣل‬
‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾد )‪ (0.360‬اﻟﻰ وﺟود ﺗﺄﺛﯾر ذي دﻻﻟﺔ اﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾر اﻟﻣﻔﺳر واﻟﻣﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺟﯾﺑﺔ ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺔ اﻣﺎ اﻟﻘﯾﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﺑﻘﯾﺔ) اﻟﺑواﻗﻲ( ﻓﺗﻌود اﻟﻰ ﻣﺗﻐﯾرات ﻋﺷواﺋﯾﺔ ﻻﯾﻣﻛن اﻟﺳﯾطرة ﻋﻠﯾﻬﺎ ‪ .‬وﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺟدول )‪ (5‬ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة‬
‫اﻟﻰ اﺛﺑﺎت ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ اﻟرﺋﯾﺳﺔ واﻟﻣﺗﺿﻣﻧﺔ "" ﺗوﺟد ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺗﺄﺛﯾر وارﺗﺑﺎط ذات دﻻﻟﺔ اﺣﺻﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﻌﻧوﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن‬
‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ ﺗﺳﻬم ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ " ﻓﻲ اﺷﺎرة اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻫداف اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻟﺛﺎﻟث‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬

‫اوﻻ‪ -:‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت ﻣن ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻻﺳﺗطﻼع‬
‫‪ .1‬ان ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﻣﺗوﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم اﻟرﻓق ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ وﻓق ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﺷﺗرك ﺑﯾن ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ وﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ وﺑﻣراﺣل ﺗﻣﺗد ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2030‬ﻣن اﻻن وﻫو ﻣؤﺷر ﺟﯾد ﯾﺑﺷر ﺑﺎﻋﺗﻧﺎق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﺗدرﯾﺟﯾﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺗﻬﺗم اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﺑﺗﺧﺻﯾص ﻣوازﻧﺎت ﻧﻘدﯾﺔ ﺗﺗﻧﺎﺳب وطﻣوﺣﺎت ﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﻣﻔﺎﻫﯾم اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ وﻫﻧﺎك ﻣﺎ ﯾؤﯾد‬
‫ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺗوﺟﻬﺎت ﻣن ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﺷرﻛﺗﯾن اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ واﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺑوﺻﻔﻬم ﺷرﻛﺎء ﺑﻬذا اﻟﻣﺷروع‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬ﺑﯾﻧت ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل ان اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ ﻣن ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف اﯾﻠﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻟﺗﺿﺎﺋل ﻓﯾﻣﺎ ﯾﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺎﻟﺗوﻋﯾﺔ ﺑﺗﻘﻠﯾل‬
‫اﻟﺟﻬل ﺑﺎﻻﺛﺎر اﻟﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻧﺎﺗﺟﺔ ﻋن اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت وﺳﺑل ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﻧد‬
‫ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣدﺧﻧﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻟم ﺗﻛن اﻻﻟﺗزاﻣﺎت ﻣن اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺑراﻣﺞ ﻣﻧﻊ اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺎت ﺑﻣﺳﺗوى طﻣوح اﻟﻛوادر اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺧطوط اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬
‫واﻟﺗﺣوﯾل واﻟﻧﻘل وﻏرف اﻟﻣﺣرﻛﺎت واﻟﺿﺎﻏطﺎت ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾﺷﻛل ﻓﺟوة ﺑﯾن اﻟﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت وﯾﺳﺑب ﻗﻠﻘﺎ ﻣﺗزاﯾدا ﻣن اﻟزﺑﺎﺋن‬
‫اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ وﻫو ﻣﺎ اﺷﺎرت اﻟﯾﻪ ﺑﻌض ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ اﻻﺳﺗطﻼع‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‪ -:‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﺣﻘﺎﺋق اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫‪ .1‬ﻋدم ﺗوﻓﯾر ﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻣن اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ ﻣﺛل اﺳﺗﻣرار اﻧﻘطﺎع اﻟﺗﯾﺎر اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻣرار‬
‫وﺗﺷﻐﯾل اﻟﺧط اﻻﻛﺛر ﺗﻠوﯾﺛﺎ وﻫﻲ اﻟﻣوﻟدات اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻛﻼﺳﯾﻛﯾﺔ ﯾزﯾد ﻣن ﻣﻌﺎﻧﺎة اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﺣداﺛﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺿوﺿﺎء واﻻﻫﺗ اززات واﻟﻐﺑﺎر وﺗﻠوﯾث اﻟﺟو ﺑطرﺣﻬﺎ ﻏﺎز ﺛﺎﻧﻲ اوﻛﺳﯾد اﻟﻛﺎرﺑون)‪ ( CO CO2‬اﻟﻣﺳﻣم ﻋﻧد‬
‫اﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎﻗﻪ وطرح ﻏﺎزات اﻻﺣﺗراق واﻟرواﺋﺢ وﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ آﺛﺎرﻫﺎ وﻋواﻗﺑﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣدوث اﻷﻣراض اﻟﻣزﻣﻧﺔ ﻋﻧد اﻻﻧﺳﺎن وﯾﻣﻛن‬
‫ان ﺗﺗﺣول اﻟﻰ ﺛﻼث وﺿﻌﯾﺎت وﻫﻲ) وﺿﻌﯾﺔ اﻋﺗﯾﺎدﯾﺔ اذا ﻛﺎﻧت درﺟﺔ اﻟﺗﺄﺛﯾر ﺑﺳﯾطﺔ أي ﻣن ‪ 4-0‬درﺟﺎت ﺣﺳب‬
‫ﻗﯾﺎﺳﺎت ظﻬور اﻟﺗﻠوﯾث اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ ( ‪ ،‬و)وﺿﻌﯾﺔ طﺎرﺋﺔ اذا اﺟﺗﺎز اﻟﺗﻠوﯾث ‪ 10-4‬درﺟﺎت ﯾﺻﺑﺢ طﺎرئ ( وأﺧﯾ ار وﺿﻌﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣظﺎﻫر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻌﺑرة)اذا وﺻل ﻣن ‪ 100‬درﺟﺔ اﻟﻰ ‪ (1000‬وﺑﻬذا ﯾﺣﺗﺎج ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻣﺷﻣوﻟﯾن ﻟﻣراﻗﺑﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻣرة ‪.‬‬

‫‪.2‬ﺗوﺟد ﻧواﻗص ﻓﻲ اﻣﺗﻼك اﻟﺑﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ ﻣﺛل اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺑرات اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل وﻓﺣص‬
‫اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ وﻣﺎ ﻣﺗوﻓر ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ ﻣن ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت ﯾﻌود اﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻛﯾﺔ ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ وﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﺑﺣﺳب اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ اﺟراﻫﺎ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻣﻊ ﻣدﯾر ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة واﻟﻣرﻓﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﺣث ﻓﻲ) ﻣﻠﺣق ‪ (2‬وﻫو ﻣﺎ ﯾرﻓﻊ ﻣن‬
‫ﻓرص اﻟﺗﻠوﯾث ﻓﻲ اﻟﺑﻼد واﻟذي ﯾﻌد ﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ ﺣﻘﯾﻘﯾﺎ ﻻﯾﻣﻛن ﻧﻛراﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﻧﻘص ﻛﺑﯾر ﻓﻲ اﻟﻛوادر واﻟﻔرق ذات اﻟﺧﺑرات اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ وﺗﺑﯾن اﻧﻪ ﻗد ﺟرى‬
‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد ﻣﻊ ﺧﺑراء ﻟﺳد ذﻟك اﻟﻧﻘص ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾﻛﻠف اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ او اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻣوال طﺎﺋﻠﺔ ﻟﺗﻐطﻲ ﻣﺻﺎرﯾف اﻟﺳﻛن واﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ‬
‫واﻟﻧﻘل وﺗواﺟد اﻟﺧﺑراء ﻣن ﺧﺎرج اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﯾﻌد ﺣﺎﻟﺔ وﻗﺗﯾﺔ ﻋدﯾﻣﺔ اﻟﺟدوى ‪.‬‬
‫‪.4‬اﺳﺗﻣرار ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻋدم اﻟﻣﺑﺎﻻة ﺗﺟﺎﻩ اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﺗدﻫور اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ وﻋدم اﻻﻛﺗراث ﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾﻣﺎت وﺗوﺟﯾﻬﺎت ٕوارﺷﺎدات‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ ﻟدى اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻧﻣﺎ ﯾﻌود ﺳﺑﺑﻪ ﻟﻌدم ﻓرض اﻟﻐراﻣﺎت واﻟﻌﻘوﺑﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﻣﺎ ﯾزﯾد ﻣن‬
‫ﻣﺧﺎطرﻫﺎ وﻫو ﻣﺎ ﺳﯾرﻓﻊ ﻣن اﻟﻘﻠق اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﻲ اﻟﻣﺗﻧﺎﻣﻲ ازاء اﻷﺿرار اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗؤﺛر ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻧﻘﺎء وﺗﻌرﻗل ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻔﻬوم‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.5‬ﻋدم اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ﻓﻲ ﺗﻘﯾﯾم اﻟﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺣﻠﻘﯾﺔ ﻟﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣدﺧﻧﺔ وذﻟك ﻟﻌدم ﺗﻌﯾﯾن ﻗﺎدة وﻣﺳﺋوﻟﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻌﺗﻣدة ﻓﻲ اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺎت اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ ﺗﻘوم ﺑدور رﻗﺎﺑﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت واﻧﻣﺎ ﯾﺗم اﺗﺧﺎذ إﺟراءات ﺳطﺣﯾﺔ وﺷﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﻣﺛل‬
‫ﺗﺷﻛﯾل ﻟﺟﺎن ﻣن أﻋﺿﺎء ﻟﯾس ﻟﻬم ﺧﺑرة ﻓﻲ أي ﺗداﺑﯾر ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ﻻدارة اﻟﻧﻔﺎﯾﺎت واﺳﺗداﻣﺗﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ"‪ -:‬اﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬
‫‪.1‬ﻣن اﻟﻣﻔﯾد ﻟﻠﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ اﻻﺳﺗﻣرار ﺑدﯾﻣوﻣﺔ وﺗﻌزﯾز اﻟﺑﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻧظﯾﻔﺔ واﻏﺗﻧﺎم ﺗوﺟﻬﺎت وﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ ﺗطﺑﯾق اﻻﻧﺗﺎج‬
‫اﻻﻧظف وﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ ﺗﻔﻌﯾل ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ ‪ .‬واﻏﺗﻧﺎم وﺟود اﻟﻛوادر اﻟﻬﻧدﺳﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ وﺗﻘﻠﯾد ﺧﺑرﺗﻬﺎ وﺑﻧﺎء ﻧظم ﺧﺑﯾرة ﻻﺳﺗﻧﺳﺎخ‬
‫ﻋﻘﻠﯾﺗﻬم وذﻛﺎﺋﻬم‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬ﻣن اﻟﺿروري ﻟﻠﺷرﻛﺔ اﺳﺗﻣﺎﻟﺔ ذوي اﻟﺧﺑرة وﺗﻌﯾﯾن اﺷﺧﺎص ﺧﺑراء اﺿﺎﻓﯾﯾن ﻣن ﺗﺧﺻﺻﺎت ﻓرﯾدة ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎت اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻻﺧرى ذات اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ وﻣن ﻫم اﻛﺛر ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺟﺎل اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻻﻧظف ﺑﺷﺗﻰ‬
‫اﻟطرق اﻟﻣﻐرﯾﺔ وﺗﻌزﯾز اﻟﻛوادر اﻟﺗدرﯾﺑﯾﺔ اﻟﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺛﻘﺎﻓﺗﻪ وﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻻﺳﺗداﻣﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﯾﺗوﺟب ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ زﯾﺎدة ﻧﺷﺎطﺎت اﻟﺗوﻋﯾﺔ اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺳﺎﺋدة ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ واﻟﺗرﻛﯾز ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬
‫واﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ وﺻﺣﺔ اﻻﻧﺳﺎن ﻣن ﺧﻼل وﺿﻊ ﻣﻔرﻏﺎت ﻫواء ﻛﺛﯾرة وﻫودات‪ Hood‬ﻟﻠﺗﺧﻠص ﻣن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﯾﺳﺗﻧﺷﻘﻬﺎ اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﺛﻧﺎء ﺗﺄدﯾﺗﻬم اﻋﻣﺎﻟﻬم ﻓﻲ ﻗﺳم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج ‪.‬‬
‫‪.4‬ﻣن اﻟﻣﻔﯾد ﻟﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻣﺑﺣوﺛﺔ اﻻذﻋﺎن ﻟﻔﻛرة وأﺧﻼﻗﯾﺎت اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾف وﻋدم ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾرﻩ وزﯾﺎدة ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟوﻋﻲ اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﻲ ) اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ(ﻻﻧﻬﺎ ﻓﻠﺳﻔﺔ ﺗﺣﺎﻓظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻛون ﺑرﻣﺗﻪ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﳌﺼﺎﺩﺭ‪-:‬‬
‫اوﻻ ‪ -:‬اﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ‬
‫أ‪.‬اﻟﻛﺗب‬
‫‪..1‬ﺧﺎﻟد ﻣﺻطﻔﻰ ﻗﺎﺳم)‪، (2011‬اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف ﻣن ﻣﻧظور ﺗﻘﻧﯾﺎت اﻟﻧﺎﻧو ﻛﻣدﺧل ﻟﺗﻔﻌﯾل اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗداﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟدوﺣﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻗطر‪ .‬اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ و ازرة اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ واﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ ﻓﻰ‬
‫واﻟﺗﻌدﯾن ﻗطر ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد واﻷﻋﻣﺎل اﻟﻐرﻓﺔ اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ واﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﻧﺗدى اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻰ اﻟﻌرﺑﻰ اﻟدوﻟﻰ‪.‬‬
‫‪.2‬اﻟﻣﺣﺟري ‪ ,‬ﯾﺣﯾﻰ ‪ ,(2003),‬اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗﻠوث اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻲ واﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ‪ ,‬ﻣﺷروع اﻟﺗﺣﻛم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺗﻠوث‬
‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﻲ ‪ ,‬ﺟﻬﺎز ﺷؤون اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ ‪ ,‬ﺟﻣﻌﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﯾﺔ واﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻣﻌﻬد اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﻔﻧﻠﻧدي ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﻣﺣﺳن‪،‬ﻋﺑد اﻟﻛرﯾم واﻟﻧﺟﺎر ﺻﺑﺎح ﻣﺟﯾد)‪ " (2009‬ادارة اﻻﻧﺗﺎج واﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت " ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ اﻟذاﻛرة ‪ ،‬اﻟطﺑﻌﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻟﺛﺔ –‬
‫ﺑﻐداد اﻻﻋظﻣﯾﺔ‪،‬اﻟﻌراق‪.‬‬
‫ب‪.‬اﻟدورﯾﺎت‬
‫‪ .1‬اﺳﻣﺎﻋﯾل ‪ ،‬ﻋﻣر ﻋﻠﻲ )‪ " (2013‬ادارة اﻟﺟودة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ اﻟﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ واﺛرﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎت ﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف "‬
‫دراﺳﺔ اﺳﺗطﻼﻋﯾﺔ ﻻراء ﻋﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ اﻻدوﯾﺔ واﻟﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت اﻟطﺑﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻧﯾﻧوى ‪ ،‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ اﻟراﻓدﯾن اﻟﻌدد ‪ 115‬اﻟﻣﺟﻠد ‪ 36‬ﻟﺳﻧﺔ ‪ ،2014‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻣوﺻل ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﯾﺔ اﻻدارة واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺣﻣﯾد اﻟﺗوزاﻧﻲ ) ‪ "(2013‬اﻟﺣوار اﻟﻣﺗﻣدن" ‪ .‬اﻟﻌدد) ‪( 4206‬اﻟﻣﻐرب ‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬دﻻل ﺟﻣﺎل )‪)) (2013‬اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺣﺟر زاوﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ((‪،‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ ﺑﯾﺋﺗﻧﺎ ‪،‬اﻟﻌدد ‪-139‬‬
‫اﻟﻬﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺑﯾﺋﺔ – اﻟﻛوﯾت ‪.2013‬‬
‫‪ .4‬رﺿﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﺻﺎم ﻣﺣﻣد ﺷﺎﻛر ‪ ،‬واﻣﺟد ﺣﻣﯾد ) ‪ "(2014‬اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻟﺗﺳوﯾق اﻻﺧﺿر واﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج‬
‫اﻻﻧظف" دراﺳﺔ اﺳﺗطﻼﻋﯾﺔ ﻻراء ﻋﯾﻧﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻣل ﺳﻣﻧت ﻛرﺑﻼء ‪،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻛرﺑﻼء‪.‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ دراﺳﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻدارﯾﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﻋﺑد اﻟﻧﺎﺻر‪ ,‬ﻣوﺳﻰ وأﻣﺎل‪ ,‬رﺣﻣﺎن ‪ , (2008),‬اﻹدارة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ واﻟﯾﺎت ﺗﻔﻌﯾﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ وﻋﻠوم اﻟﺗﺳﯾﯾر‪ ،‬اﻟﻌدد اﻟراﺑﻊ‪ ،‬اﻟﻣﺟﻠد اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺑﺳﻛرة ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾ ًﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻧظف‪:‬‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫)‪(2002‬‬ ‫‪.6‬ﻏوﻛﺎﺳﯾﺎن‪،‬ﯾوﻏوص‬
‫أﯾﻠول )ﺳﺑﺗﻣﺑر( ‪ / 2002‬ﻋدد ‪.54‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﻣﺟﺎﻫدي‪،‬ﻓﺎﺗﺢ واﺑراﻫﯾﻣﻲ ‪،‬ﺷراف)‪"(2012‬ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻛﺂﻟﯾﺔ ﻟزﯾﺎدة ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯾﺔ ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺔ اﻻدارة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ودﻋم‬
‫اﻻداء اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﻲ"دراﺳﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ اﻟﺳﻣن وﻣﺷﺗﻘﺎﺗﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻠف‪.‬ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اداء اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت اﻟﺟزاﺋرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌدد ‪-01‬‬
‫‪ .2012-2011‬اﻟﺟزاﺋر‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬اﻻطﺎرﯾﺢ واﻟرﺳﺎﺋل اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﯾﺔ‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺟﺑوري‪ ,‬ﻣﺣﻣد اﺑراﻫﯾم ﻣﺣﻣد ‪" ,(2012),‬دور ﺗﻘﺎﻧﺎت اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻓﻲ دﻋم إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ اﻟﺗﻣﯾز ‪ :‬دراﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﯾداﻧﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ ﻟﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎوﯾﺎت اﻟﻣﻧظﻔﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺻﻼح اﻟدﯾن " رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺳﺗﯾر ﻏﯾر ﻣﻧﺷورة ﻓﻲ اﻹدارة‬
‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﯾﺔ ‪ ,‬ﻛﻠﯾﺔ اﻹدارة واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد ‪ ,‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻟﻣوﺻل ‪.‬‬

‫( " اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﺑﯾن اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ اﻻﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ اﻟﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ واﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻟﺣدﯾﺛﺔ" ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﺳﯾﺑﺔ‬2012)‫ﻋﺎﺷور ﻣزرﯾق‬.2
. Achourmoncef28@yahoo.fr.‫ﺑن ﺑو ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺷﻠف‬
‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬,‫( " ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻷﻧظف وﺗﻌزﯾز اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬2014)‫ ﻣﺣﻣد ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺑد اﷲ ﺣﺳﯾن اﻟﺟﻣﯾﻠﻲ‬.3
."‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺗﻛرﯾت " رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺳﺗﯾر ﻏﻲ ﻣﻧﺷورة‬.‫ دراﺳﺔ اﺳﺗطﻼﻋﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﻣل أﺳﻣﻧت ﻛرﻛوك‬،‫واﻷﺛر‬
‫ اﻟﻣﺻﺎدر اﻻﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ‬-:"‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‬
1.Bird, L.; Sumner, J. (September 2010). Green Power Marketing in the United
State: A Status Report (2009 Data). NREL/TP-6A20-49403. Golden, CO:
National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 69 pp.
2.Farhar, B. (July 1999).Willingness to Pay for Renewable Electricity: A Review
of Utility Market Research. Topical Issues Brief. NREL/TP-550-26148. Golden,
CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 28 pp.
3. Ken Geiser,(2001)” Cleaner Production perspectives"::integrating CP into
sustainability strategies” UNEP Industry and Environment January – June 2001.
Director and Professor of Work Environment, Massachusetts Toxics Use
Reduction Institute, University of Massachusetts,200 Kiston Building, One
University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854-2866, USA
(malinda_buchannan@uml.edu).
4.Lehr, R.L.; Guild, W.; Thomas, D.L.; Swezey, B.G. (June 2003). Listening to
Customers: How Deliberative Polling Helped Build 1,000 MW of New
Renewable Energy Projects in -Consumer Attitudes About Renewable Energy:
Trends and Regional Differences.
5.lettenmeier ,M.(2012)"sustainable material footprint2050"presentation at the
Factor X Network meeting 13.-14-.2.2012in Berlin.D-Mat,Finland.
6.Natural Marketing Institute ,Harleysville, Pennsylvania Texas. NREL/TP-620-
33177. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 27
7.Natural Marketing Institute. (2002-2010). Lifestyles of Health and
Sustainability (LOHAS) Consumer Trends Database. Harleysville, PA.
8 -Rex Morrison(2016)" Process Cleaning For Healthy"12 Steps to Developing
a Cleaning Production System™ or CPS™, Schools® (PC4HS) Consortium. ,
President PC4HF
9.Thorpe, Beverley , (1999), Citizen’s Guide to Clean Production , First Edition ,
University of Massachusetts Lowell.
10. Thorpe, Beverley ,(2009)" Clean production Action" :what is clean
production?
-:"‫ﺛﺎﻟﺛﺎ‬
‫ اﻟﺧرج اوﻧﻼﯾن‬2014 ‫ﻧﺎﯾف اﻟﻣطرﻓﻲ‬.1
(37 ,2000, ‫ )اﻟﻬﯾﺋﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺣﻣﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬.2
3.http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/english/publications/cleaner-production.pdf
4.Harleysville, PA 19438 272Ruth Road) PERFORMING ORGANIZATION
NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES 2011) (Natural Marketing Institute.
5. National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd. Golden, CO 80401-3393( .

6. National Technical Information Service U.S. Department of Commerce 5285 Port
Royal Road Springfield, VA 22161)
7.NREL Technical Monitor: Lori Bird and Jenny Sumner.
8. alkharjonline.net/articles-action-show-id-1535.
9.www.permalink.com2012:
10. K.B. Chan, 2005, 7. www.worldelectronicsforum.org
-:‫اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻖ‬
‫( اﻻﺳﺗﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬1) ‫ﻣﻠﺣق‬
Republic of Iraq ‫ﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ اﻟﻌراق‬
Ministry of higher
education and ‫وزارة اﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ واﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﻌﻠﻣﻲ‬
– ‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﺷط اﻟﻌرب اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
scientific research
‫ﻗﺳم ادارة اﻻﻋﻣﺎل‬
College Shatt al-Arab University ‫ اﺳﺗﺑﯾﺎن‬/ ‫ﻣوﺿوع‬
Business Administration Department ‫ﺳﯾدﺗﻲ اﻟﻣوظﻔﺔ وﺳﯾدي اﻟﻣوظف ﻛﺎدر اﻟﻌﻣل اﻟﻔﻧﻲ‬
Theme/questionnaire . ‫ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة اﻟﻣﺣﺗرﻣﯾن‬
Madam and Sir officer cadre officer ‫ ھﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿل اﻟﺷﺎوي( ﺑﯾن‬.‫د‬.‫م‬.‫ﯾﺿﻊ اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ) أ‬
artwork in respectable Basra gas ‫أﯾدﯾﻛم ھذه اﻻﺳﺗﻣﺎرة ﻟﺑﯾﺎن رأﯾﻛم اﻟﻣوﺿوﻋﻲ ﻓﻲ‬
company. ‫ﺗﺄﺷﯾر ﻓﻘراﺗﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺣﻘل اﻟذي ﯾﻧطﺑق ﻣﻊ اﻟواﻗﻊ اﻟﺳﺎﺋد‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺗﻛم اﻟﻣوﻗرة )ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة( ﻛوﻧﮭﺎ‬
puts (Assistant proof Dr. Hani F. Al-
‫إﺣدى اﻟﺷرﻛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻹﺟراءات اﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ‬
Shawi) in your hands this form to ‫ﺑﺷﻛل ﻣﺑﺎﺷر وﺗﮭﺗم ﺑﻣوﺿوع اﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻧظﯾف ﻓﯾﻣﺎ‬
indicate your substantive paragraphs ‫ﯾﺗﻌﻠق ﺑﺂﻟﯾﺎﺗﮫ )ﻣوﺿوع اﻟﺑﺣث اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ ( وﻛون‬
pointing field that goes with the realities ‫ﺷرﻛﺗﻛم ﻟدﯾﮭﺎ ﻣوظﻔﯾن وﻣﺳﺗﺷﺎرﯾن ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ‬
of your esteemed (Basra gas company) ‫ﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ وﺷل اﻟﮭوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ ﺟرى اﺧﺗﯾﺎرھﺎ‬
one of the companies that deal with the ‫واﺧﺗﯾﺎر ﻣوظﻔﯾﮭﺎ ﻛﻣﯾدان ﺻﺎﻟﺢ ﻟﺗطﺑﯾق ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر ادارة‬
-:‫اﻟﺗﺻﻧﯾﻊ اﻻﻧظف ﻟذا ﯾرﺟﻰ اﺗﺑﺎع ﻣﺎ ﯾﺄﺗﻲ‬
environment directly and tackles the
‫ﻻ داﻋﻲ ﻟذﻛر اﻻﺳم‬
topic of cleaner production in relation to ‫اﻟﺗﻔﺿل ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺄﺷﯾر ﺑﻌﻼﻣﺔ ) √ ( اﻣﺎ اﻟﺣﻘل اﻟذي‬
their workings (current research topic) .‫ﯾﺗﻧﺎﺳب ﻣﻊ رأﯾﻛم‬
and the fact that your company has the ‫ﻻ ﯾﺟوز اﻟﺣك واﻟﺷطب ﻻن اﻻﺳﺗﻣﺎرات اﻟﺗﻲ ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬
staff and consultants from .‫ذﻟك ﺳوف ﺗﺳﺗﺑﻌد ﻣن اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻲ‬
the((mitsubshi) ) Japanese company ‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ ﺑدﻗﺔ وﻣوﺿوﻋﯾﺔ ﻟطﻔﺎ‬
and (Shell) Dutch company been ‫ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﺑﯾﺎﻧﺎت ﻹﻏراض اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل اﻻﺣﺻﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫وﻻﺗﻌرض اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺷﯾدون ﺑﮭﺎ اﻣﺎم‬
selected and choose their staff as a field
. ‫اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾن ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺗﻛم‬
fit for cleaner manufacturing ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺗﻔﺳﺎر ﻋن اي ﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺔ ﯾرﺟﻰ اﻻﺗﺻﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ رﻗم‬
management standards application so (07707300285)‫ھﺎﺗف اﻟﺑﺎﺣث اﻟﺷﺧﺻﻲ اﻟﻣﺣﻣول‬
please follow what comes :- (07733898414) ‫او‬
1. you don't have to mention the name
2. If a check mark (√) field that fits with
your opinion. ‫اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬
‫د ھﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿل اﻟﺷﺎوي‬.‫م‬.‫أ‬
3. Governments may not delete because
‫ﺗدرﯾﺳﻲ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﯾﺔ ﺷط اﻟﻌرب اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
the forms in which it will be excluded ‫ﻗﺳم إدارة اﻹﻋﻣﺎل‬
from the statistical analysis.
4. to answer accurately and objectively

please.
5. use of data for statistical analysis and
to get information that the holiness
before company officials.
6. to inquire about any information
please call telephone number mobile
personal researcher (07707300285) or
(07733898414)
The researcher
assistant proof Dr Hani F. Al-Shawi
lecturer at the College of the Shatt al-
Arab University
Business Administration Department
First section :- the social characteristics ‫ اﻟﺧﺻﺎﺋص اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬: ‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻻول‬

please ‫ اﻛﺘﺐ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻚ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻟﻄﻔﺎ‬-----------Female ‫ اﻧﺜﻰ‬---------- male ‫ ذﻛﺮ‬-: Gender ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬
write your professional ‫ اﻛﺘﺐ اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎص اﻟﻮظﯿﻔﻲ اﻟﺪﻗﯿﻖ‬-------------- Write your social l state
write ‫ اﻛﺘﺐ ﺗﺤﺼﯿﻠﻚ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ‬---------write your country ‫ اﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺒﻠﺪ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻨﺤﺪر ﻣﻨﮫ‬--------------job
‫ ﻋﺪد ﺳﻨﻮات ﺧﺒﺮﺗﻚ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎل اﻻﺧﺘﺼﺎص اﻟﺬي ﺗﻤﺎرﺳﮫ اﻵن‬----------------your collecting science
----- ------ your expertise years numbers in your specialization that yours practices
.--------.------- --------
Second section:-independent scale variables ‫ ﻣﺗﻐﯾرات اﻟﻣﻘﯾﺎس اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ‬-:‫اﻟﻘﺳم ﺛﺎﻧﻲ‬
scaling hierarchy ‫ﺳﻠﻢ اﻟﻘﯿﺎس‬
Disagree
Disagree
Agree
Agree
Completel
Completel
Disagree
Understan
Somewhat
Somewhat
y
heard Of
Neither
Agree Nor
Don’t
d/ Never
Expressive Item ‫اﻟﻔﻘﺮة اﻟﻤﻌﺒﺮة‬

‫ﻣﻄﻠﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ ﻟﻢ‬/ ‫ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ‬

‫ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬
‫ﻻ ھﺬا وﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫ھﺬا‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬
‫اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ‬
‫اﺳﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺑﮫ‬
Q1: my company ‫ ان ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ‬:1‫س‬

apply humane ‫ﺗﻄﺒﻖ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺮﻓﻖ‬
culture ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ‬
environment
Q2: my company is ‫ ﺗﮭﺘﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ‬:2‫س‬
interested in ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻟﻎ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺨﺼﯿﺺ‬
allocating funds for ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎت اﻟﻨﮭﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬
the final emission ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺒﻌﺎﺛﺎت‬
that remnants the . ‫ﯾﺨﻠﻔﮭﺎ اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‬
production
Q3: my company is ‫ﺗﺤﺮص‬ :3‫س‬
keen to buy ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺮاء‬
materials and ‫اﻟﻤﻮاد واﻟﺘﺠﮭﯿﺰات‬
equipment from ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﺼﺎدر ﺗﺆﻣﻦ‬
sources that ‫ﺑﺄھﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺪوﯾﺮ‬
believe in the .‫واﺧﻼﻗﯿﺎﺗﮫ‬
importance of
recycling and
ethics
Q 4: our company ‫ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻌﺪة‬:4‫س‬
is willing to pay ‫( أﻋﻠﻰ‬% 20) ‫ﻟﺪﻓﻊ‬
(20%) The highest ‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻌﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻮرد‬
price for the ‫اﻟﺬي ﯾﺮاﻋﻲ ﺷﺮوط‬
resource ‫اﻻﺳﺘﺪاﻣﺔ‬
requirements of .‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
sustainability
environmental
Q5: our contracts. ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬. :5‫س‬
with companies ‫ﻣﻊ اﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ‬
that turn toward ‫ﺗﺘﺤﻮل ﻧﺤﻮ اﺳﺘﺒﺪال‬
alternative energy ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﺒﺪﯾﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
supplies feed ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﺬﯾﺔ‬
replacement ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎﺟﯿﺔ؟‬
productivity?
Q 6:. Our company ‫ ﺗﺤﺘﺮم‬. :6‫س‬
respects the ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ اﻟﻤﺠﮭﺰﯾﻦ‬
providers who own ‫ﯾﻤﺘﻠﻜﻮن‬ ‫اﻟﺬﯾﻦ‬
a green and clean ‫طﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎدر‬
energy sources ‫ﺧﻀﺮاء وﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
through repeat . ‫ﺧﻼل ﺗﻜﺮار ﺷﺮاﺋﮭﺎ‬
purchase.
Q 7: our company ‫ ﺗﺤﺮص ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬:7‫س‬
is keen to train and ‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺪرﯾﺐ وﺗﻮﻋﯿﺔ‬
educate their ‫ﺑﺼﺪد‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬
employees ‫ﻣﻤﺎرﺳﺎت اﻟﻨﺸﺎطﺎت‬
regarding the ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺈﻧﻘﺎذ‬
practices of ‫اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﻠﻔﺎت‬
environmental .‫اﻧﺘﺎﺟﻨﺎ‬
activities
concerning human
rescue remnants of
our production.
Q 8:. Our company ‫ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬. :8‫س‬
follow ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
environmental ‫ﻧﻈﯿﻔﺔ وﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻔﺤﺺ‬
strategies are clean ‫وﺗﻨﻘﯿﺔ اﻻﺟﻮاء ﻣﻦ‬
and inspect and ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺎت‬
clear the air of the ‫واﻻﺳﺘﮭﻼك ﻟﻠﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ‬
production and ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
consumption of the ‫واﻻﺿﺮار ﻋﻨﺪ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬
poison prevention .‫اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻨﺔ‬
and damage at the
end of the
chimney.
Q 9: to achieve ‫ ان ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ‬:9‫س‬
sustainable ‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺪاﻣﺔ ھﻲ‬
development is the ‫ﺟﻤﯿﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺆوﻟﯿﺘﻨﺎ‬
responsibility of all ‫وﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻛﺰﺑﺎﺋﻦ‬
of us as customers, ‫ودوﻟﺔ وﺷﺮﻛﺎت‬
society and the
State and
companies
Q10: one of the ‫ ﻣﻦ اوﻟﻮﯾﺎت‬:10‫س‬
priorities of our ‫ﺗﻄﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬
company ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎج ﻟﯿﻜﻮن ذا‬
production ‫ﻛﻔﺎءة ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ ﻣﺘﻼﺋﻤﺔ‬
development to be ‫ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
compatible with ‫اﻻﺳﺘﮭﻼك اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮة‬
environmental .
efficiency
requirements for
contemporary
consumption.
Section three:- ‫ ﻣﺘﻐﯿﺮ‬-:‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
variable (reduce ‫) ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ‬
economic, ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ واﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
environmental and ( ‫واﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ‬
health risks)
Q 11. natural ‫ھﺪر‬ ‫ان‬.11‫س‬
resource waste by ‫اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
focusing on fuel oil ‫ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
to run machinery ‫وﻗﻮد اﻟﻨﻔﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬
economically ‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺋﻦ ﯾﻌﺪ ﺧﻄﺮا‬
dangerous blunder "‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺎ ﻓﺎدﺣﺎ‬
Q12: to ‫ ان ﻛﻠﻒ اﻧﺘﺎج‬12‫س‬
conventional ‫اﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﺪﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
energy production ‫ﺗﺘﺠﺎوز اﻟﮭﺪر اﻟﻤﺎدي‬
costs exceed the ‫وﺗﻤﺘﺪ اﻟﻰ ) اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻮي‬
waste material and ‫واﻻﺧﻼﻗﻲ واﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬
extending to ‫(؟‬
(moral, ethical and
legal)?
Q13: Our company ‫ ﺗﺆﻣﻦ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬13‫س‬
believes that ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎن‬
cleaner production ‫اﻻﻧﺘﺎج اﻻﻧﻈﻒ ھﻲ‬
strategies are ‫اﻟﻐﻄﺎء اﻟﺤﻀﺎري‬
civilized cover to ‫ﻟﺘﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺨﺎطﺮ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬
reduce ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺔ‬
environmental ‫اﺳﺘﺪاﻣﺘﮭﺎ؟‬
risks and maintain
sustainability?
Q14:. Our culture ‫ ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻨﺎ‬. :14‫س‬
with frequent ‫ﺗﺘﻄﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﻊ ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ‬
reporting from ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺎرﯾﺮ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺮرة ﻣﻦ‬
regulators related ‫اﻟﺠﮭﺎت اﻟﺮﻗﺎﺑﯿﺔ ذات‬
to the ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
environmental ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ وھﻲ اﻟﻀﺎﻣﻦ‬
authority and the ‫اﻟﻤﮭﻢ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺘﻨﺎ ﻣﻦ‬
guarantor is ‫اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺿﺮار‬
important to ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﺔ‬
protect from ‫اﻟﺴﻠﻮﻛﯿﺎت‬
environmental ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻼﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﺔ‬
damage caused by .‫اﻟﻼﻣﺒﺎﻟﯿﻦ‬
irresponsibility
behaviors of
apathetic.
Q15 our company ‫ ﺗﻠﺘﺰم ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬15‫س‬
is committed to ‫اﺟﺮاءات‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺨﺎذ‬
take action ‫ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﻟﻔﺤﻮﺻﺎت‬
regarding periodic ‫ﻟﻼﻓﺮاد‬ ‫اﻟﺪورﯾﺔ‬
examinations of ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯿﻦ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ اﺟﻞ‬
personnel for ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻣﺮاض‬
prevention of ‫ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ اﻻﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎق‬
diseases of
aspiration hazards
Q16: care about ‫ ﺗﮭﺘﻢ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬:16‫س‬
our protection of ‫ﺑﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ‬
human ‫اﻟﺘﺼﻨﯿﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺛﺎت‬
contaminants ‫اﻻﻧﺒﻮب‬ ‫وﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬
industrialization ‫وﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺸﺮ‬
and the end of the ‫ﻓﺮق ﻟﻠﺘﻮﻋﯿﺔ ﺑﻜﺎﻓﺔ‬
pipe and depend on ‫ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ اﺳﺘﻨﺸﺎق ھﺬه‬
deployment teams ‫اﻟﺴﻤﻮم ؟‬
to raise awareness
of all the dangers
of inhaling these
toxins?
Q 17: confirms our ‫ ﺗﺆﻛﺪ ﺷﺮﻛﺘﻨﺎ‬:17‫س‬
company rescue ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﺟﺮاءات اﻻﻧﻘﺎذ‬
procedures through ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻋﺪاد‬
training dedicated ‫ﻓﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫وﺗﺪرﯾﺐ‬
team leads what is ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﯾﺆدي ﻣﺎ‬
required when ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺤﺎﻻت‬
dangerous ‫اﻟﺨﻄﺮة‬
situations

‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣق)‪( 2‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺳﯾد ﻣدﯾر ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﻓﻲ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة اﻟﺳﯾد ﻣﻬدي ﺟري اﻟﻌطﺑﻲ ﺑﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ‪2016-12-14‬‬
‫ﻫﺎﺗف ﺷﺧﺻﻲ ﻧﻘﺎل ) ‪ (07801377232‬و )‪ .(07702848088‬وذﻟك ﻓﻲ اﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﺣﺎدﯾﺔ ﻋﺷر ﺻﺑﺎﺣﺎ ﻣن‬
‫ﯾوم اﻻرﺑﻌﺎء ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺛﺎﻧﯾﺔ ﻋﺷر ظﻬ ار‪.‬‬
‫س‪ -:1‬ﺣﺿرة رﺋﯾس ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﺣﺗرم ﺣدﺛﻧﺎ ﻋن ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة؟‬
‫أﺟﺎب ﺑﺎﻻﺗﻲ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﺑدأت اﻟﻌﻣل ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2010‬م ﻣوﻗﻌﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺧور اﻟزﺑﯾر ﺑﺎﻟﺑﺻرة ﯾﺗﻛون رأﺳﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ ﻣن )‪ %51‬ﻣﻣﻠوك ﻟﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻔط اﻟﺟﻧوب واﻟﻣﺗﺑﻘﻲ ﻣﻧﻪ ‪ %5‬ﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ و‪ %45‬ﻣﻧﻪ ﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ( ﯾﻌﻣل ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﻧﺳﺑﯾن‬
‫ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻧﻔط اﻟﺟﻧوب ﻋددﻫم )‪ (2000‬ﻓﻧﻲ اﻣﺎ ﻋدد اﻻﺟﺎﻧب ﻣن ﺟﻧﺳﯾﺎت ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ ﯾﻌﻣﻠون ﻛﺎﺳﺗﺷﺎرﯾﯾن ﯾﺑﻠﻎ‬
‫ﻋددﻫم )‪ (200‬اﺳﺗﺷﺎري ﺗﻬﻲء ﻟﻬم اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﻘر ﺳﻛن ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧور )ﻛﻣب( وﺗﻬﻲء ﻟﻬم ﺣﻣﺎﯾﺎت وﺳﯾﺎرات ﻧﻘل ﻣن واﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻛﺎن اﻟﻌﻣل وﯾﺗﻘﺎﺿون رواﺗب اﻛﺛر ﻣن رواﺗب اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﯾن ﺑﺄﺿﻌﺎف ﻛﺛﯾرة‪ .‬وﺗﻧﺗﺞ ﺷرﻛﺗﻧﺎ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎرب )‪600‬‬
‫ﻣﻘﻣق( ﻣن اﻟﻐﺎز‬
‫س‪ -: 2‬ﻣﺎﻫﻲ طﺑﯾﻌﺔ ﻋﻣل ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة؟‬
‫ﺗؤدي اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻋﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧرج ﻣﻊ اﻟﻧﻔط ﻣن ﺟوف اﻻرض‬
‫وﻓﻲ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻋدة اﻗﺳﺎم ﻣﻧﻬﺎ ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ‪،‬ﻗﺳم اﻟﺻﯾﺎﻧﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺳم اﻟﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾك‪ ،‬ﻗﺳم اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎء‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﯾث ﻧﺣن ﻛﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻧراﻗب ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت او اﺟراءات ﻋدﯾدة اﻫﻣﻬﺎ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪.1‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ ﺗﺟﻔﯾف اﻟﻐﺎز ) ﻻن اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺧرج ﯾﺻﺎﺣﺑﻪ ﻧﺳﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﯾﻧﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺎء ( ﻓﻧﻌﻣل ﺑﺎﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ اﻻوﻟﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺟﻔﯾﻔﻪ‬
‫‪.2‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻛﺑس ) ﺣﯾث ﯾﺎﺗﻲ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻟﻠﻣﺣطﺎت ﺑﺿﻐط ﻣﻘدارﻩ) ‪( 1.5‬ﻛﻐم وﻓﻲ اﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت ﯾﺗم ﻣﺿﺎﻋﻔﺔ اﻟﺿﻐط اﻟﻰ‬
‫)‪ 24‬ﻛﻐم( ﻋﻠﻣﺎ ان ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﻛﺑس اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗم ﻣن ﺧﻼل ﻣﺎ ﯾﺳﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻟﺑﺷﺎرات اواﻟزﻋﺎﻧف ﺗﺣﺗﺎج اﻟﻰ ﻗوة او طﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﺗﺻل ﻋﻧد ﺑداﯾﺔ ﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﻬﺎ اﻟﻰ) ‪( 1000‬اﻣﺑﯾر وﻣن ﺛم ﻋﻧدﻣﺎ ﺗﺳﺗﻘر ﺗﻬﺑط اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟﺎﺗﻬﺎ ﻣن اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺣدود‬
‫اﻗل ﻣن ﺛﻠﺛﻲ ذﻟك‪.‬‬
‫‪.3‬ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺳﯾطرة وﻓﯾﻬﺎ ﯾﺗم ﻣراﻗﺑﺔ اﻟﻣﻘﺎﯾﯾس او اﻟﻌدادات ﺧوﻓﺎ ﻣن ﺧروﺟﻬﺎ ﻋن اﻟﺣدود اﻟﻣﻌﯾﺎرﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺣ اررة وارﺗﻔﺎع‬
‫ﺿﻐط او اﻧﺧﻔﺎض ﺿﻐط ﻣن ﺧﻼل داش ﺑورد اﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ) ﻟوﺣﺔ ﻋدادات ﺗﻛﺗﯾﻛﯾﺔ( ﯾﺑﻌث إﺷﺎرات ﺻوﺗﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺣدوث ﺧﻠل‪.‬‬
‫س‪ -:3‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ اﻧواع ﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺗﻠوﯾث واﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﺗﺗﻌرﺿون ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ وﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ أﺳﺎﻟﯾﺑﻛم‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻣﺧﺎطرﻫﺎ؟‬
‫‪ -‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺷﺎق ﻟﻐﺎز ‪ H2s‬اﻟﻣﻣﯾت اذا ﺗﺟﺎوز ﺣدود اﻟﻣﺳﻣوح وﻫو ﻏﺎز ﻛﺑرﯾﺗﯾد اﻟﻬﺎﯾدروﺟﯾن وﻋﺎدة ﻣﺎ ﯾﺗم ﺗزوﯾد‬
‫اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺄﺟﻬزة ﺷﺧﺻﯾﺔ ﺻﻐﯾرة ﯾﺣﻣﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﻪ وﻋﻧد ظﻬر اﺷﺎرة اﻟﺧطر ﺑﺳﺑب ﻓﺗرات اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻟطوﯾﻠﺔ ﯾﻘوم اﻟﻔﻧﻲ ﺑﺎرﺗداء‬
‫ﻗﻧﺎع ﺧﺎص ﻟﻠوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن ﻫذﻩ اﻟﺗﺳرﺑﺎت وﻣن ﺛم ﯾﻧﻔذ اﻟﻣوﻗﻊ ﺧطﺔ اﺧﻼء) ﺣﺎﻟﺔ طﺎرﺋﺔ( ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﻓﯾﻪ واﺳﺗﺧدام‬

‫ﻣﻌدات اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻣﺛل اﻟﻧظﺎرة واﻟﺧوذة وﺣذاء اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋﻠﻰ ارﺗداء ﺣزام اﻻﻣﺎن ﻋﻧد وﺻول اﻟﻌﻣل اﻟﻰ‬
‫ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت اﻛﺛر ﻣن ‪180‬ﺳم‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﺿوﺿﺎء ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ زﯾﺎدة طﺎﻗﺔ ﻣﺣطﺎت اﻟﻛﺑس واﻟﺗﺟﻔﯾف ﻓﻧﻘوم ﺑﺎرﺗداء واﻗﯾﺎت اﻻذن او اﻟﺳدادات‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺳرب اﻟﻐﺎز اﻣﺎ ﺑﺳﺑب ﺧﻠل او اﻧﻔﺟﺎر اﻻﻧﺎﺑﯾب اﻟﻧﺎﻗﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﻧﺗوج وﯾﺗم ﺗطﺑﯾق ﺧطﺔ اﻻﺧﻼء ﻓو ار )وارﺗداء ادوات‬
‫اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ( ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣوﻗﻊ واﺳﺗدﻋﺎء اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﯾن ﺑﺈﺻﻼﺣﻬﺎ ﻣن ﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾﻛﯾﯾن او ﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﯾﯾن او ﻣﻬﻧدﺳﯾن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﺗﺟﺎﻩ اﻟرﯾﺢ وﺳرﻋﺗﻬﺎ اذ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺣدوث ﺗﺳرب ﻏﺎز ﯾﺟب ﻋﻧدﻫﺎ ﻣﻌرﻓﺔ ﻗوة اﻟرﯾﺢ واﺗﺟﺎﻫﻬﺎ ﻟﻛﻲ ﯾﺟري اﻟﻬرب‬
‫ﻋﻛس اﺗﺟﺎﻩ اﻟرﯾﺢ‪..‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﺷﺎﻛل اﻻﺣﺗراق اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣب ﻟﻠﻧﻔط وﺗدﻓق اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﻛﻣﯾﺎت ﻛﺑﯾرة ﻋﻧد اﻧﻘطﺎع اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎء ﺑﺳﺑب اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬
‫ﻣن اﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت اﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﻠﯾرات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﻧﻘطﺎع اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﻲ ﻻن اﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت ﻻ ﺗﺳﺗﻣر ﻋﻧد اﻋﺎدة اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎء واﻧﻣﺎ ﺗﻘذف‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎرﻩ ﺗﺎﻟف ﻻﯾﻣﻛن اﻻﺳﺗﻣرار ﻓﻲ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺗﻪ اﻻ ﺑﺗﺣﻘﯾق اﻟدورة اﻟزﻣﻧﯾﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ واﻟﺗﻲ ﻋﻧد اﻧﻘطﺎع اﻟﺗﯾﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎﺋﻲ اﻟﻣﻔﺎﺟﺊ ﺗﺗوﻗف ﻫذﻩ اﻟدورة ﻟﺗﺑدأ ﻣن اﻟﺻﻔر وﻻ ﺗﺳﺗﻣر ‪.‬‬
‫س‪ -:4‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف ﻟدﯾﻛم؟‬
‫‪-‬ﺗﻣﺗﻠك ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺷل وﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ ادوات ﺳﻼﻣﺔ وأدوات ﻓﺣص ﺑﺄﺟﻬزة ﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ ﻣﺗطورة ودورﯾﺔ ﻟﻠﺗﺳرﯾﺑﺎت ﻛل) ‪(18‬‬
‫ﯾوم ﺑﺣﯾث ﻣن اﻟﺿروري ان ﻻ ﺗظﻬر اﺷﺎرات ﺧطورة ﻣﺳﻣوﺣﺔ وﻓﻲ ﺣﺎل ﺣدوث ﺧﻠل ﺗﻧطﻠق اﺷﺎرات ﺑﺎﻟﺣواﺳﯾب‬
‫اﻟذﻛﯾﺔ ﻟﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺧطط اﻻﺧﻼء واﻟطواريء ﻣﺑﺎﺷرة وﻫذﻩ اﻟﻔﺣوﺻﺎت اﻟوﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻣﺳﺗﻣرة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻛل ﻣدة زﻣﻧﯾﺔ اي ﻣﺎ ﯾﻘﺎرب ﻛل) ‪ 2‬ﺷﻬر (ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﺧﺑﯾرة ﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺗﺎﺑﻌﺔ وﻫﻲ ﺳﯾدة ﻣﻬﻧدﺳﺔ اﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ ﻣن ﺷرﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺷل اﻟﻬوﻟﻧدﯾﺔ ﻟﺗراﻗب اﻻﻋﻣﺎل اﻟﻣوﻗﻌﯾﺔ ٕواﺟراءاﺗﻬﺎ وذﻟك ﻓق ﻣﻌﺎﯾﯾر وﺷروط اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻓﻣﺛﻼ ﯾﺟب اﺣﺎطﺔ ﻣوﻗﻊ اﻟﻌﻣل‬
‫ﺑﺷرﯾط وﯾﺟب ارﺗداء ﻣﻌدات اﻟﺳﻼﻣﺔ ﻣن ﻗﺑل ﺟﻣﯾﻊ اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن وﯾﺟب ان ﯾﻛون ﻫﻧﺎك ﺗرﺧﯾص ﻣوﻗﻊ ﻣن ﻣﺳؤول‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﺗﺣدد ﻓﯾﻪ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت وﺗوﻗﯾﺗﺎﺗﻬﺎ وﻣﺎ ﺷﺎﺑﻪ وﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣدوث ﺧروﻗﺎت ﻓﻧﯾﺔ او ﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﯾﺔ ﻓﺎن ﻫذﻩ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳؤوﻟﺔ ﺗﻌد ﺗﻘرﯾ ار ﻣﻔﺻﻼ ﺑﺗﻠك اﻟﻣﺧﺎﻟﻔﺎت ﻟﯾﺗم ﻣﺣﺎﺳﺑﺔ اﻟﺟﻬﺎت اﻟﻣﻘﺻرة ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺧﺻﯾص طﺎﻗم ﻣﺗدرب ﻟﻼﻧﻘﺎذ ﻋﻧد ﺣدوث ﺗﺳرﯾب ﻣن ﻣﺣطﺎت اﻟﻛﺑس ﯾﻘوم ﺑﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻻﺳﻌﺎف واﻧﻌﺎش اﻟﻘﻠب‬
‫واﻟﺗﻧﻔس اﻻﺻطﻧﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻰ ان ﺗﺳﺗﻘر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺑﯾن ) وﻫذا اﻟطﺎﻗم ﯾﺳﻣﻰ ﺑﺎﻟطﺎﻗم اﻟﻣﺳﻌف(‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺣﺎول ﺷرﻛﺔ ﺷل ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻌﺎون ﻣﻊ ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣﺗﺳوﺑﺷﻲ وﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﺗﻘﻠﯾل ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻻﺣﺗراق ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﻧﺑﻌث ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻧﻔط اذ ﯾﻌد ذﻟك ﻫد ار ﻟﻠﻐﺎز اﻟذي ﻗد ﯾﺻل اﻟﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﯾﻣﺗﻪ )‪ (700‬ﻣﻠﯾون دوﻻر ﯾوﻣﯾﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر اﻟﻌزل ﻟذﻟك‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز وﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ ﺗﻘﻠﯾل اﺣﺗراﻗﻪ ﻟﯾﺻل اﻟﻰ اﻟﺻﻔر وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻠﻣﺎ ﻗل اﻻﺣﺗراق زادت ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﻟذﻟك ﺑدأت‬
‫ﺷرﻛﺔ ﺷل ﺑﺎﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر ﻣﺷروع اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﺻﺎﺣب ﻟﻠﻧﻔط وﻣﺣﺎوﻟﺔ ﻋزﻟﻪ وﻋﻠﻰ ﺧطوات ﻣﺗدرﺟﺔ ﺧﻼل ﻋﺷرﯾن ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬
‫‪.‬اﺑﺗدءا ﻣن ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﺗﺄﺳﯾس اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ )ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة( ﻓﻲ ﻋﺎم ‪ – 2010‬ﻟﻐﺎﯾﺔ ﻋﺎم ‪ 2030‬وﻫﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻣراﺣل‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬اذا ﺣدث اي ﻋطب ﺑﺎﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت او اﻟﻣﺟﻔﻔﺎت ﯾﺗم اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺗﺧﺻﺻﯾن ﻓﻲ ﻗﺳم اﻟﻣﯾﻛﺎﻧﯾك واﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎء ﻹﺻﻼح‬
‫ذﻟك اﻟﺧﻠل ﺑﻌد اﻻﺧﻼء ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﻠﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﻣوﻗﻊ ﻛﺎﻓﺔ وﺗﻧﻔﯾذ ﺧطﺔ اﻟﺧروج اﻟﺳرﯾﻊ واﻻﺳﻌﺎف ﻣن طﺎﻗم اﻟﻣﺳﻌﻔﯾن ﻟﺣﯾن‬
‫اﺻﻼح اﻟﺧﻠل ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧﺗﺻﯾن ﻻن اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻓﻲ ﺗﻠك اﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت او اﻟﻣﺟﻔﻔﺎت ﻣﻬﻣﺗﻬم ﻻ ﺗﺗﺿﻣن اﻻﺻﻼح واﻧﻣﺎ‬

‫ﺗﺗﺿﻣن اﻟﺳﯾطرة واﻟرﻗﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌدادات وﺻﻣﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺿﻐط واﻟﺣ اررة واﻟﻣﻘﺎﯾﯾس ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ﺗﺷﻐﯾل اﻟﻛﺎﺑﺳﺎت‬
‫واﻟﻣﺟﻔﻔﺎت‪.‬‬
‫‪-‬ان ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎت ﺗﺟﻔﯾف اﻟﻐﺎز )ﺑﺳﺑب وﺟود ﻣﯾﺎﻩ ﺟوﻓﯾﻪ ﻣﺻﺎﺣﺑﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎز ( ﺗﺟري ﻣن ﺧﻼل اﺳﺗﺧدام ﻣﺳﺧﻧﺎت ﺑﻣﺎدة‬
‫ﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻣﺗﺻﺎص اﻟﻣﺎء ) اﻟﻛﻼﯾﻛول (او ﺛﺎﻟث اﺛﻠﯾن اﻟﻛﻼﯾﻛول وﻫﻲ ﻣﺎدة ﻋﺿوﯾﺔ ﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺳﺗوردﻫﺎ اﻟﺷرﻛﺔ ﻣن اﻟﺧﺎرج ﺗﻌﺑﺄ ﺑﺑراﻣﯾل ﺷﺑﯾﻪ ﺑﺑراﻣﯾل اﻟﻧﻔط‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﻣل ﻫﯾﺋﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز واﻟﻣﻧﺗﻣﯾﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻗﺳم اﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻐﺎز ﺑﺎﻟﺳﯾطرة ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت اﻟﻐﺎز ) ﺿﻐط‪،‬ﺗدﻓق‬
‫ﻏﺎز‪،‬ﺣ اررة‪،‬ﺳﻣﯾﺎت(ﻟﺗﻧﻘل اﻟﻐﺎز اﻟﻣﺿﻐوط ﺑدرﺟﺔ) ‪ (KG24‬اﻟﻰ ﻣﻧﺎطق ﺑﻌﯾدة ﻣﺛل‪-:‬‬
‫أ‪ .‬ﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻐﺎزﯾﺔ ﻹﻧﺗﺎج اﻟﻛﻬرﺑﺎء وﻫﻲ اﺳﺎس اﻟﺗزوﯾد‬
‫ب‪ .‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣل ﻓﺻل اﻟﻐﺎز‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ .‬ﺷﺑﻛﺔ اﻟﻐﺎز اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﻲ‬
‫د‪ .‬ﺷرﻛﺔ اﻻﺳﻣدة‪.‬‬
‫ﻫـ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻣل اﻟﺑﺗروﻛﯾﻣﯾﺎوﯾﺎت‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻧد اﺣﺎطﺔ او ﺗزوﯾد اﻟﻣوﻗﻊ ﺑﺷرﯾط ﻻﯾﺟوز ﺗﺟﺎوزﻩ اﻻ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺧوﻟﯾن ﻟﻠﻌﻣل ﻓﻘط‪.‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﺟرى ﺗزوﯾد ﺷرﻛﺔ ﻏﺎز اﻟﺑﺻرة ﺑﺎﻟﺗﻛﻧﻠوﺟﯾﺎ اﻟﺣدﯾﺛﺔ ﻟﻼﻧﺗﺎج ﺣﯾث ﺗم اﺳﺗﺧدام اﻻﻧظﻣﺔ اﻟﺧﺑﯾرة ﻟﻠﺗﻧﻘﯾب واﻻﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻓﺿﻼ ﻋن اﻧظﻣﺔ ذﻛﺎء اﺻطﻧﺎﻋﻲ ﺗﺳﺗﺧدم اﻟﺣواﺳﯾب ﻓﻲ ﻣراﻗﺑﺔ ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت اﻟﺗﺟﻔﯾف واﻟﻛﺑس ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗزوﯾد اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن اﻻﺟﺎﻧب واﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﯾن ﺑﺑدﻻت ﻋﻣل ﺗﺗﺣﻣل اﻟظروف اﻟﻘﺎﺳﯾﺔ وﻫﻲ ﻣﺻﻣﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﺣﻔﺎظ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﺎﻣل ﻣن‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣن ﻣﻧﺎﻓﻊ ﺗواﺟد اﻟﻣوظﻔﯾن اﻻﺟﺎﻧب ﻫﻲ ﺳرﻋﺔ ﺗﻌﻠم اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻻﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ اذ ﺟرى ﻓﺗﺢ دورات ﻟﺗطوﯾر اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫‪-‬‬
‫اﻻﻧﻛﻠﯾزﯾﺔ وﺗﺣﺳن ﻣﺳﺗوى اﻟﻔﻧﯾﯾن ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻣذﻛورة ﺑﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت ﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ ﺑﻔﺿل اﻻﺧﺗﻼط‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ اﻧﺗﻘﺎل ﺑﻌض‬
‫اﻟﻘﯾم اﻻﯾﺟﺎﺑﯾﺔ ﺑﯾن اﻟﻔرﯾﻘﯾن ﻛﺎﻟﺿﯾﺎﻓﺔ واﻟرﯾﺎﺿﺔ وطرق اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻣل ﻣﻊ اﻟظروف اﻟﺻﻌﺑﺔ وﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﺻﺣراوﯾﺔ واﻟرطﺑﺔ‬
‫وﻫﻲ ﻣﯾزة ﻣﻧﺎطق اطراف اﻟﺑﺻرة‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺑﺎﺣث ﻟﻠﻣﺳؤول ‪ -:‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﺧﺗﺎم اﺗﻘدم ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻛر اﻟﺟزﯾل ﻟﻛم ﻟﻣﺎ ﻗدﻣﺗﻣوﻩ ﻣن ﺗﻌﺎون ﻣﻧﻘطﻊ اﻟﻧظﯾر ﺧدﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻣﺳﯾرة اﻟﻌﻠﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌراق اﻟﺣﺑﯾب‪.‬اﻧﺗﻬﻰ اﻟﻠﻘﺎء ﺑﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ‪ 2016/12/ 14‬اﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ اﻟواﺣدة ظﻬ ار"‪-:‬‬

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‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﻌﺎﻳﲑ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺝ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻴﻒ ﰲ ﺗﻘﻠﻴﻞ‬

( Jidoka ) ‫ﺍﳌﺨﺎﻃﺮ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺌﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﻭﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻔﻠﺴﻔﺔ‬

‫ﲝﺚ ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻲ ﻵﺭﺍء ﻋﻴﻨﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻨﻴﻲ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ﻏﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ‬

‫ ﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﲨﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻭﻱ‬.‫ﺩ‬.‫ﻡ‬.‫ﺃ‬

‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺴﻲ ﰲ ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺷﻂ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ﺍﳉﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬

clean production standards management and its impact In reducing the

‫ﺃ‪.‬ﻡ‪.‬ﺩ‪ .‬ﻫﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﺎﺿﻞ ﲨﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻭﻱ‬

‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

The problem research had identified a group of some as follows:-

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ 24

(Dutch Shell company)returns to Japanese mitsubshi by researcher's interview with the

25 ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪26‬‬

‫راﺑﻌﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻣﺧطط اﻻﻓﺗراﺿﻲ ﻟﻠﺑﺣث وﻓرﺿﯾﺗﻪ‬

‫ﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬

‫ﺻﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺑدأ اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ‬

‫اﻟﻣﺻدر ‪ 0:‬اﻟﺷﻛل ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬

‫اﻟﻣﺻدر‪ :‬اﻟﺟدول ﻣن اﻋداد اﻟﺑﺎﺣث‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪28‬‬

‫‪"Natural Marketing Institute (2016)" Consumer Attitudes About Renewable Energy:‬‬

‫‪ Agree Somewhat‬ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻰ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎ‬

‫ﻟﻢ اﻓﮭﻢ ‪/‬‬

‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ 30

31 ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻻول ‪ -:‬اﻻطﺎر اﻟﻧظري ﻟﻠﺑﺣث‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪32‬‬

‫ﺧﺎص ﺑﺎﻟدول اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪.3 -‬اﻟﺗﺟدﯾد‬

‫‪ .1‬اﻋﺗﻣﺎد ﻧظﺎم ﻟﻼدارة اﻟﺑﯾﺋﯾﺔ ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪34‬‬

‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫‪ .3‬اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﺿﺔ ﻋن اﻟﻣواد اﻟﺳﺎﻣﺔ واﻟﺧطرة ﺑﻣواد ﺑدﯾﻠﺔ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻣﺣور اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻲ‪-:‬ﺧطوات وﻣﻧﻬﺞ ﺗطﺑﯾق ﻧظﺎم اﻻﻧﺗﺎج اﻻﻧظف‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪36‬‬

‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪38‬‬

‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫‪41‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫‪.1‬ان ﺷرﻛﺗﻲ ﺗطﺑق ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ اﻟرﻓق ﺑﺎﻟﺑﯾﺋﺔ؟‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪42‬‬

‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ج‪ .‬اﺳﺗﻌﻣﺎل ﻣﺻﺎدر اﻟطﺎﻗﺔ اﻟﻣﺗﺟددة‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﯾﺎ‪ -:‬اﻟﺟﯾدوﻛﺎ)‪ ( Jidoka‬ﻣﺑدأ اﻟوﻗﺎﯾﺔ ﻣن اﻻﻧﺑﻌﺎﺛﺎت واﻟﻣﻠوﺛﺎت وﻓﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻔﻠﺳﻔﺔ اﻟﯾﺎﺑﺎﻧﯾﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪46‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫‪Don’t‬‬ ‫‪Neither‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪48‬‬

‫‪49‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻗﻮة‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮع‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪50‬‬

‫ﻣﺗﻐﯾر‬ ‫‪ M‬ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺎ ‪x‬‬

‫‪n‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪Y‬‬ ‫رﺗب ‪x‬‬ ‫رﺗب ‪y‬‬ ‫‪d‬‬ ‫‪d²‬‬

‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺟﻠﺔ اﻟﻌﻠوم اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫‪52‬‬

‫‪ .2‬اﺛﺑﺎت ﻓرﺿﯾﺔ اﻟﺑﺣث ‪-:‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﺳم اﻟﺛﺎﻟث‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺗﻧﺗﺎﺟﺎت واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬