PRUEBAS PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE BACHILLER PARA

PERSONAS MAYORES DE 20 AÑOS. Convocatoria 2010

Apellidos: ........................................................................................ Nombre:..........................................................

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PRIMERA LENGUA EXTRANJERA: INGLÉS (1º y 2º curso)

Instrucciones:
 Lee atentamente las preguntas antes de contestar y responde en los folios que se te
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TEXTO: UK health gap between rich and poor widest ever

Review of deaths between 1921 and 2007 shows inequality is increasing with the
poorest more likely to die younger

The gap between the health of the rich and the poor is greater now than at any time since records began, research has
shown. Government initiatives over the past few decades have done little or nothing to close the gap between the life
expectancy of poor people compared with those who are wealthy.
A review of deaths between 1921 and 2007 showed inequality between the rich and poor has been increasing,
especially in relation to premature deaths. People in the most deprived areas are much more likely to die younger than
those in the richest, and things are no better than during the economic depression of the 1930s, the study found.
Writing online in the British Medical Journal (BMJ), researchers from the Universities of Sheffield and Bristol, said: "The
last time in the long economic record that inequalities were almost as high was in the lead up to the economic crash of
1929 and the economic depression of the 1930s," researchers said. But they warned that things could be about to
become even worse, with the economic downturn of the past couple of years impacting on the health of Britain's
poorest. "The economic crash of 2008 might precede even greater inequalities in mortality between areas in Britain,"
they said.
While rates of rising inequalities may have been slowed "some underlying factors, such as unemployment, have been
rising rapidly over the course of those two years [2008 and 2009]. Furthermore, in absolute numbers, unemployment
has increased fastest in the poorest areas." By 2007, for every 100 people under 65 dying in the best-off areas, 199
were dying in the poorest. The researchers added: "This is the highest relative inequality recorded since at least 1921."
Among under-75s, for every 100 people dying in the best-off areas, 188 were dying in the poorest. "Recent government
interventions have aimed to reduce these inequalities, but, the evidence suggests, to little effect," experts said.
Dr Vivienne Nathanson, head of science and ethics at the British Medical Association (BMA), said: "This paper provides
an insight into the extent of health inequalities in the UK and how much needs to be done to address this issue". We
need to look at the causes of ill health to really make a difference. "Doctors will need to work across sectors to point out
the health impacts of policy decisions."
Health minister Anne Milton said: "The government has made it clear that tackling health inequalities is a priority. We
need a new approach to improve the health of the poorest, fastest. One that works across government to include factors
that affect health that lie outside the National Health System (NHS), such as poverty, housing, education and the
environment. We need to step up our efforts to improve the health of the poorest. We have already set out how we want
to see the NHS, doctors and local government working together to improve the health of those who need it most. Later
this year we will publish a public health white paper, which will incorporate wider proposals to improve the public health
of the nation."
From: http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2010/jul/23/uk-health-gap-widest-ever

Primera Lengua Extranjera: Inglés, 1/4

 PRUEBAS PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE BACHILLER PARA
PERSONAS MAYORES DE 20 AÑOS. Convocatoria 2010

Apellidos: ........................................................................................ Nombre:..........................................................

DNI/ NIE: ...............................................

I. Reading comprehension (30 puntos)

1. Say whether the following sentences are true (T) or false (F) according to the information given in the text.
(10 puntos)
[ ] It is the first time, according to records, that UK health gap between rich and poor is so big.
[ ] A review of deaths between 1921 and 2007 claims that premature deaths haven't stopped raising.
[ ] Youngsters in the wealthy areas are more likely to die than in the poor neighborhoods.
[ ] According to BMJ, the inequalities during the crash of 1929 and the crash of 2008 are higher than
that of the economic depression in the 30s.
[ ] Researchers from Bristol and Sheffield universities believe that inequalities are getting worse in the
two next years.

2. Choose the correct answer. (10 puntos, 2 por apartado)

A. Government initiatives....
 have reduced the life expectancy of poor people compared with those who are rich.
 turned out to be inefficient.
 happened to reduced the life expectancy of people from deprived areas.
 over the past few decades closed the gap of life expectancy.
B. “could be about to become even worse” means...
 it is probable things turned out to be worse.
 it is possible things won't be worse.
 it is impossible things could be even worse.
 things could not be worse.
C. Inequalities between areas in Britain...
 could precede the economic crash of 2008.
 may be greater before the economic crash of 2008.
 might be larger after the economic crash of 2008.
 will precede the economic crash of 2008.
D. Dr Vivienne Nathanson thinks…
 the causes of ill health has nothing to do with this research.
 this paper will provide the key to solve this problem.
 doctors will have to accept the new policy decisions.
 It is impossible to find a proper solution for these inequalities.
E. The government has made it clear that....
 reducing health inequalities is a priority.
 improving health inequalities is a priority.
 increasing health inequalities is a priority.
 coping with health inequalities is a priority.

Primera Lengua Extranjera: Inglés, 2/4

 PRUEBAS PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE BACHILLER PARA
PERSONAS MAYORES DE 20 AÑOS. Convocatoria 2010

Apellidos: ........................................................................................ Nombre:..........................................................

DNI/ NIE: ...............................................

3. Answer the following questions in your own words, using information from the text. (10 puntos)
A. What did the study find in relation to premature deaths?
B. Who believe that the last time these recorded inequalities were as high was in the lead up to the
economic crash of 1929?
C. How many people under 65 die in the wealthy areas?
D. According to Anne Milton, what do doctors have to do to reduce inequalities?
E. Explain the meaning of “health white paper”.

II. Language usage. (40 puntos)

4. Find in the text a word or an expression that corresponds with each definition. (8 puntos)

A big difference between two groups of people, things or sets of ideas.

Written accounts or photographs of something so that they can be referred to later.
The feeling or hope that something exciting, interesting, or good is about to happen.
A worsening of business or economic activity.

5. Find in the text a synonym of the following words. (6 puntos)

Investigators (noun)
Supplies (verb)
Topic, matter, subject (noun)

6. Find in the text an antonym of the following words. (6 puntos)

Slowly (adverb)
Widen (verb)
Worsen (verb)

7. Make a question for the underlined word. (5 puntos)

A. People in the most deprived areas are much more likely to die younger.
B. Some underlying factors have been rising rapidly over the course of two years.

8. Rewrite the following sentences as proposed in brackets. (15 puntos, 3 por apartado)
A. Government initiatives have done little or nothing to close the gap between poor and rich people.
(Turn into the conditional using “EFFICIENT”)

Primera Lengua Extranjera: Inglés, 3/4

 PRUEBAS PARA LA OBTENCIÓN DEL TÍTULO DE BACHILLER PARA
PERSONAS MAYORES DE 20 AÑOS. Convocatoria 2010

Apellidos: ........................................................................................ Nombre:..........................................................

DNI/ NIE: ...............................................

B. A review of deaths between 1921 and 2007 showed inequality between the rich and poor in relation
to premature deaths. (Turn into the passive)
C. “Recent government interventions have aimed to reduce these inequalities”, experts said. (Turn into
reported speech)
D. We need a new approach. The new approach will work across government. (Join with a relative
pronoun).
E. I saw Susan at the demonstration last Saturday evening (make a questions asking for the
underlined word)

III. Writing. (30 puntos)

9. Write a summary of the text (30-50 words) (10 puntos)

10. Write a composition of about 100-120 words on one of the following topics. (20 puntos)
A. Do you think the health gap between wealthy and poor people is so big in Spain as in the UK? Why?
B. How would you reduce the health gap between best-off and deprived areas in Spain?

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