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ASME B30.9 Slings - Jan 2010 PDF
ASME B30.9 Slings - Jan 2010 PDF
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The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2013. This Standard will become
effective 1 year after the Dale of Issuance. There will be no addenda issued to this edition.
ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects or this
Scandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages at
http://cstools.asme.org as they are issued. Interpretations will also be included with each edition.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that Individuals from
competent and concerned Interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made
available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from Industry. academia.
regulatory agencies, and the public·at·large.
ASME does not "approve," "rate," or "endorse" any Item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted In connection with any
items mentioned In this document, and does M t underUJke to Insure anyone Utllizlng a standard against llablllty for
infringement of any appllcable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are E!.'lpressly
advised that determination or the validity or any such patent nghts. and the risk of infringement or such nghts. is
entirely their own responsibility.
Participation by federal agency representatlve(s) or person(s) affiliated with Industry is not to be interpreted as
government or industry endorsement of this code or standard.
ASME accepts responsibility for only those Interpretations of this document Issued in accordance with the establfshed
ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of Interpretations by individuals.
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CONTENTS i
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Foreword vi 0c
Committee Roster . . . ..............................................•................ ..
B30 Standard Introduction ..............•.... . ....................................... ..
vii
ix
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Summary of Changes ...... . .... . ................................................... .. . xii if~
Chapter 9·0 Scope. Definitions, and References ................................... .. . 1 ~
Sc.'Ction 9-0.1
Section 9-0.2
Scope of ASME 830.9 . . .. .. . . .. ....... . ......................... .
Definitions .. . ... ..........................••.......•............... ..
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Section 9-5.6
Section 9-5.7
Proof Test Requirements ............................................. .
Sling Identification ..........................................•.........
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Section 9-5.8
Section 9-5.9
Effects of Environment . . ............................................ .
Inspection, Removal, and Repair ..................................... .
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Section 9-5.10 Operating Practices . . . . ............................................. . 50 0
Chapter 9·6 Synthetic Roundslings: Selection, Use, and Maint enance ................ . 52
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Section 9-6.0 Scope ............................................................... . 52 0
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Section 9·6.1 Training ....................... . .. . .................................. . 52 "'tQ
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Section 9-6.2 Materials and Components ........................................... . 52 II>
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Section 9-6.3 Fabrication and Configurations .................. . ............... ... .. . 52 a.
Section 9-6.4 Design Factor .................................................... . ... . 52
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Copyright 1':> 2010 by lhc American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduclloa may be made of this matenaJ w1Jltout \llI'lltcn consent of J\SME. C(ii2
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Tables ~
9-1 .5.2-1 Rated Load for Grade 80 AIJoy Steel Chain Slings - Vertical,
Basket, and Bndle Hitches . . . . ............. . 6
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9-1.5.2-2 Rated Load for Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Vertical,
Basket, and Bridle Hitches . .. . . .... .... . ..... ... .. 6
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9-1.5.4-1 Rated Load for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Choker ~
Hitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . .. . . . ... 8 ~
9-1 .5.4-2
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Rated Load for Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Choker
Hitches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . . . ................. . 8 0
9-1.8.1-l Effect of Elevated Temperature on Rated Load of Alloy Steel Chain .... 9 :>
9-2.5.2-7
Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope
Rated Load for Cable-Laid Wire Rope Single- and Two-Leg Slings
................. . 20 !.
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9-2.5.2-8
Mechanical Splice Only . . . .. . .
Rated Load for Six-Part Braided Single- and Two-Leg Slings 6 x 19 or
. .. . .. .. .. . .. . . . . .... 21
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6 x 36 Classification Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade &
9-2.5.2-9
Independent Wire Rope Core (TWRC) Wire Rope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .....
Rated Load for Eight-Part Braided Single- and Two-Leg Slings 6 x 19
22
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Copyright© 2010 by the Amencan Socie1y ofMcchw11cal Engineers. ~
No reproducuon may be made ofth1s matcneJ w1Lhou1 ~mllen conseni of ASME. ~
(10) FOREWORD
This American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the American
National Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards Institute). Titls
Standard had its beginning in December 1916 when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards for
Cranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presented
to the annual meeting of the ASME.
Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and hoists were held from 1920
lo 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of l ron and
Steel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering Standards
(/)
Committee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USA
Standards lnstitute), Department of Labor - State of New Jersey, Department of Labor and
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Industry - State of Pennsylvanfa, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. On
June 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety Code
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Correlating Committee's recommendation and authorized the pro1cct with the U.S. Deparhnent
of the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors
ln March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to a
Sectional Comnuttee The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October 2,
1926, and the committee organized on November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing
29 national organizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA 830.2-19-13,
was created from the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph This document was
reaffirmed m 1952 and w idely accepted as a safety standard.
Due to changes in design. advancement in techniques, and general inter~t of labor and industry
in safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval Facilities
Engineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized ns an American National
Standards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national
organizations
The format of the previous code was changed so that separate volumes (each complete as to
construction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would cover
the different types of equipment included in the scope of 630.
ln 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited O rganization Committee, operating
under procedures developed by ASME and accredited by lhe American National Standards
Institute.
This Standard presents a coordinated set of ru les that may serve as a guide to government
and other regu latory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspection
of the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention are
given both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types mny be required
by employers of their employees.
In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrative
or regulatory authonty may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use of
other devices or methods. but only when it is clearly evident that an equivalent degree of
protection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,
admmistrnhvc or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the 830 Committee, in accordance
with the formnt described in Section IX, before rendering dcos1ons on disputed points.
Operation and maintenance instructions in this safety Standard arc intended for general
applications.
Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-
tee consideration of factors such as technological advances, new data, and changing environmental
and industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate. The 2010
edition of Lhls Volume contains minor revisions throughout
Following approval by the 830 Standards Committee and the ASME Board, ASME 830.9-2010
wru; approved as an American National Standard by ANSI on November 16, 2010.
vi
Copyright @2010 by Lhe American Society ofMechan1cal Engmecrs. ~
No reproducuon may be made oflh1s moteriaJ without written consent of AS ME. ~
ASME 830 COMMITTEE
Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,
Hooks, Jacks, and Slings
(The following is the roster or the Committee at the time or approval of this Standard.)
vii
Copyright @ 2010 b) the American Society orM1.:chwucol Engineers.
No n:producuon muy be mode ofth1s matenal w1lhou1 wrmcn consent or ASME
HONORARY MEMBERS
J. W. Downs, Jr., Downs Crane and Holst Co.
J. L Franks, Consultant
J. M. Kiibert, Llft·All Co., Inc.
R. W. Parry, Consultant
viii
Copynght ~ 2010 by lhe Americnn Society of Mechanical 1-'ngrneo!TS ~
No n:producuon mny be made ofthts motcnal without ''T1ttcn consent of ASME ~
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830 STANDARD INTRODUCTION (10)
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ljfting and material-handling related equipment. For the 830.27 Material Placement Systems Ci'
830.28 Balance Lifting Units c
convenience of the reader, the Standard has been divided
830.29 Self-Erecting Tower Cranes 1 ~
into separate volumes. Each volume has been written
under the direction of the ASME B30 Standards s
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Committee and has successfully completed a consensus ;
approval process under the general auspices of the SECTION II: SCOPE EXCLUSIONS 0
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American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The B30 Standard does not apply to track and automo-
As of the date of issuance of this Volume, the &>
tive jacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, ship- ~
1330 Standard comprises the following volumes: board cranes, s hipboard cargo-handling equipment, :J
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B30.1 Jacks, Industrial Rollers, Air Casters, and well-drilling derricks, skip hoists, mine hoists, truck :J
Q.
B30.3
Rwming Trolley Hoist)
Tower Cranes
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B30.4 Portal and Pedestal Cranes §'.
SECTION Ill: PURPOSE
B30.5 Mobile and Locomotive Cranes &
B30.6 Derricks The 830 Standard is intended to Q
830.7 Base-Mounted Drum Hoists (11) prevent or minimize injury to workers. and other- 5g-
B30.8 Floating Cranes and Floating Derricks wise provide for the protection of life, limb, and property jjj
B30.9 Slings by prescribing safety requirements
Q.
a
B30.10 Hooks (b) provide direction to manufacturers, owners,
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830.11 Monorails and Underhung Cranes employers, users, and others concerned with, or respon- 0
830.12 Handling Loads Suspended From Rotorcraft 3
sible for, its application ~
830.13 Storage/Retrieval (S/R) Machines and :J
(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodies Cll
Associated Equipment Q.
in the development, promulgation, and enforcement of Q
830.14 Side Boom Tractors ;!.
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appropriate safety directives
830.15 Mobile HydrauHc Cranes 0
ix
Copyright © 20 I 0 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
No reproduction may be made oflhis 111u1erml without written consent of ASME.
SECTION V: EFFECTIVE DATE Rationale: State the rationale for the suggested
revision.
(n) Effective Onie. The effective date of this Volume of
the 630 Standard shall be 1 yr after its date of issuance. Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request wiU be
Construction, installation, inspection, testing, mainte- forwarded to the relevant 830 Subcommittee for consid-
nance, and operation of equipment manufactured and eration and action. Correspondence will be provided to
facilities constructed after lhe effective date of this the requester defining the actions undertaken by the
Volume shall conform to the mandatory requirements 830 Standards Committee.
of this Volume.
(b) Exisfi11g lllstnllntio11s. Equipment manufactured
and facilities constructed prior to the effective date of SECTION IX: REQUESTS FOR INTERPRETATION
this Volume of the 830 Standard shall be subject to the The B30 Standards Committee will render an interpre-
inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation require- ta tion of the provisions of the 830 Standard . Such
ments of this Standard after the effective date. requests should be directed to
It is not the intent of this Volume of the B30 Standard
to require retrofitting of existing equipment. However, Secretary, B30 Standards Committee
when an item is being modified, its performance require- ASME Codes and Standards
ments shall be reviewed relative to the requirements Three Park Avenue
withm the current volume. The need to meet the current New York, NY 10016-5990
requirements shall be evaluated by a qualified person
selected by the owner (user). Recommended changes
Requests should be in the following format:
shall be made by the owner (user) within 1 yr.
Volume: Cite the designation and title of the
volume.
SECTION VI: REQUIREMENTS AND
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the volume.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)
Requirements of this Standard are characterized by and the relevant heading(s).
use of the word slwll. Recommendations of this Standard Question: Phrase the question as a request for an
are characterized by the word should. interpretation of a specific provision suit-
able for general understanding and use,
not as a request for app roval of a proprie-
SECTION VII: USE OF MEASUREMENT UNITS tary design or s ituation. Plans or draw-
This Standard contains SI (metric) units as well as ings that explain the question may be
U.S. Customary units . The values stated in U.S. submitted to clarify the question. How-
Customary units are to be regarded as the standard. ever, they should not contain any proprie-
The ST units are a direct (soft) conversion from the U.S. tary names or information.
Customary units. Upon receipt by the Secretary, the request wilJ be
forwarded to the relevant 830 Subcommittee for a draft
SECTION VIII: REQUESTS FOR REVISION response, which will then be subject to approval by the
830 Standards Committee prior to its forma l issuance.
The 630 Standards Committee will consider requests Interpretations to the B30 Standard will be published
fo r revision of any of the volumes within the 830 in the subsequent edition of the respective volume, and
Standard. Such reqltests should be directed to will be available online at http:/ / cstools.asme.org.
Secretary, 830 Standards Committee
ASME Codes and Standards
SECTION X: ADDITIONAL GUIDANCE
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990 The equipment covered by the 830 Standard is subject
to hazards that cannot be abated by mechanical means,
Requests should be in the following format: but only by the exercise of intelligence, care, and com-
mon sense. It is therefore essential to have personnel
Volume: Cite the designation and title of the involved in the use and operation of equipment who
volume. are competent, careful, physically and mentally quali-
Edition: O te the applicable edition of the volume. fied, and trained in the proper operation of the equip-
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) ment and the handling of loads. Serious hazards include,
and the relevant heading(s). but are not limited to, improper or inadequate mainte-
Request: Indicate the suggested revision. nance, overloading, dropping or slipping of the load,
x
Copyright © 20 lO by the Amencan Soc1c1y ofMechamcal Engrneers ~
No reproduction ma) be made of Lb is material without written consent of ASME. ~
obstructing the free passage of the load, and using equip- (b) the loads
ment for a purpose for which it wns not intended or (c) the acceleration or speed of the ropes, chains,
designed. sheaves, sprockets, or drums
The 830 Standards Committee fuUy reallies the (d) the type of attachments
Lmportanre of proper design foctors, minimum or maxi- (c) the number, st.ZC, and arrangement of sheaves or
mum dimensions, and other limiting criteria of wire other parts
rope or chain and their fastenings, sheaves, sprockets, <fJ environmental conditions causing corrosion or
drums, and similar equipment covered by the standard, wear
all of whtch are closely connected with safety. Sizes, (gJ many variables that must be considered in each
strengths, and similar criteria are dependent on many individual case
different factors, often va rying with the installation and The requirements and recommendations provided in
uses. These factors depend on the volumes must be interpreted accordingly, and judg-
(a) the condition of the equipment or material ment used in determining their application.
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Copynght @2010 by the Amcncon Society of Mechanical Engin<Xrs Clh
No rcproducllon may be made ofth1s motenol without \~nnen consent or ASMC. ~
ASME 830.9-2010
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Following npprovnl by the ASME 630 Co mmittee and ASME, and arte r public review,
AS M E 630.9-20 10 was approved by the American National Standards Institut e on
November 16, 2010.
ASME 630.9-2010 includes editorial changes, revisions, and corrections identified by a margin
note, (10)
xii
Copyrigh1 e1010 by lhe Americon Socie1y orMcchw1ic11I 1-ngmeers. ~
No reproducuon may be made ofth1s maLenal w11hou1 wriucn consent of ASML ~
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Page Location Clumge g
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27 9-35.4 Revised l
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30 9-3.7.1 Subparagraph (b) revised ..
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32 9-t21 Subparagraph (a) revised ::r
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33 9-45.1 Revised
Revised
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9-4.5.3
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Revised
39 9-4.5.4
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9-4.7.1 Subparagraph (c) revised
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40 9-4.9.3 (1) Subparagraph (d) revised
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(2) Subparagraph (c) added
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41 9-l.9.5 (I) Subparagraph (f) revised ~
43 9-5.2.S
{2) Subparagraph (g) added
Revised
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9-5.5.l Revised
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44 Fig. 17 Revised ~
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46 Table 9-5.5.2-1 General Notes revised
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9"5.5.3
9-5.5.4 RcvJSCd
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47 Table 9-5.5.2-2 General Notes revised ~
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Table 9-55.2-3 Table and General Notes revised !.
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48 Table 9-5.5.2-4 Table and General Notes revised S'
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Table 9-5.5.2-5 Table and General Notes revised a.
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9-5.7.1
9-5.9.3
Subparagraph (c) revised
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9-5.10.l Subparagraph (r) revised ~
51 9-5.10.4 Subparagraph (m) revised I
52 9-6.5.1 Revised I
55 9-6.5.3 Revised i8
3
9-6.5.4 Revised
xiii
Copyngh1~2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmccrs
No reproducuon may be made ofth1s material \~11hou1 \\Tlllcn consent of ASME ~
Page Locntio11 Change
57, 58 Fig. 9-6.5.4-1 Revised
9-6.9.3 (1) Subparagraph (d) rcvlSCd
(2) Subparagraph (e) added
9-6.9.5 Subparagraphs (e) and (g) revised
9-6.10.1 Subparagraph (f) rcv1Sed
9-6.10.4 Subparagraphs (b) through (p)
redcsignated
SPECIAL NOTE:
The interpretations to ASME 830.9 arc included in this edition as a separate section for the user's convenience.
xiv
Copyright ~ 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproducuon may be made ofth1s material without \mttcn consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
SLINGS
Chapter 9-0
Scope, Definitions, and References 0
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SECTION 9 ·0.1 : SCOPE OF ASME 830.9 cable-laid rope: a cable composed of six wire ropes laid
as strands around a wire rope core.
Volume B30.9 includes provisions that apply to the
fabricatfon, attachment, use, inspection, and mainte- cable-laid rope sling. medtanical joint: a wire rope s ling
nance of slings used for Lifting purposes, used in con- made from a cable-Laid wire rope with eyes fabricated
junction with equipment described in other volumes of by swaging one of more metal sleeves over the rope
the 830 Standard, except as restricted in 830.12 and junction.
830.23. Slings fabricated from alloy s teel chain, wire
rope. metal mesh, synthetic fiber rope, synthetic web-
component: see fittiug.
bing, and synthetic fiber yams in a protective cover(s) cross rod: a wire used to join spirals of metal mesh to
are addressed. Slings fabricated from other materials or form the complete fabric.
constructions other than those detailed in this Volume
Did ratio: Lhe ratio between the curvature taken by the
shall be used only in accordance with the recommenda-
sling, D, and the diameter of the component rope, d.
tions of the sling manufacturer or a qualified person.
design factor: .ratio between norrunal or minimum break-
(10) SECTION 9·0.2: DEFINITIONS ing strength and rated load of the s ling.
abnomwl operating conditions: environmental c011diti.o ns designated person: selected or assigned by the employer
that are unfavorable, harmful, or detrimental to or for or employer's representative as being competent to per-
the operation of a sling, such as excessively high or low form specific duties.
ambient temperatures; exposure to weather; corrosive end fiHi11g: terminal hardware on the end of a s ling.
fumes; dust-laden or moisture-laden atmospheres; and See sling.
hazardous locations.
endless aud gro111111et wire rope sl111gs
abrasion: the mechanical wearing of a surface resulting cnbfe·lnid endless sling, 111eclumical joint: a wire rope sling
from frictional contact with other materials or objects. made endless from one continuous length of cable laid
n11gle of choke: angle formed in a sling body as it passes rope with the ends joined by one o r more metallic
through the choking eye or fittings. fittings.
a11gle of londillg: the acute angle between horizontal and cnble-laid grommet, lland-t11cked: an endless wire rope
the leg of the rigging, often referred to as horizontal sling made from one continuous length of rope formed
angle. to make a body composed of six ropes around a rope
assembly: a synonym for s ling. See sling. core. The rope ends are tucked into the body, thus form-
ing the core. No s leeves are used.
n11thorized: approved by a duly constituted administra-
strand-laid endless sling. mechnnical joint: a wire rope
tive or regulatory authority.
sling from one continuous length of wi re rope with the
body (sling): that part of a s llng between the eyes, end ends joined by one or more metallic fittings.
fittings, or loop eyes. strand-laid gro111111et, lln11d-t11cked: an endless wire rope
braided wire rope: a rope formed by plaiting component sling made from one continuous length of strand formed
wire ropes. lo make a six-stra11d rope with a strand core. The strand
braided wire rope sling: a sling made from braided rope. ends are hand tucked into the body. No sleeves are used.
bridle sling: a sling composed of multiple legs with the eye opening: the opening in the end of a sling for the
top ends gathered in a fitting that goes over the lift- attachment of Lhe hook, shackle, or other lifting device
ing hook.. or the load itself.
fabric (metal meslt): the Oexlble portion of the sling exclu- ply: a layer of load bearing webbing used in a web sling
sive of end fittings consisting of a series of transverse assembly.
spirals and cross rods. proof fond: the specific load applied 111 pe.rformance of
fabric length (metal mesll): the distance of metal mesh the proof tests.
between the end fittings.
proof lest: a nondestructive load test made to a specific
fabric thickness (metal mesh): the nominal overall thickness multiple of the rated load of the sling.
of the spirals.
qualified person: a person who, by possession of a recog-
fabrication efficie11cy: the sling assembly strength, as a nized degree or certificate of professfonal standing in
percentage of the material strength prior to fabrication. an applicable field, or who, by extensive knowledge,
fitting: hardware on the end of a sling. training, and experience, has successfully demonstrated
the ability to solve or resolve problems relating to the
grommet sling: a variety of an endless sling. subject matter and work.
hitch, bnskel: a method of rigging a sling in which the
rated load: the maximum allowable woTking load estab-
sling is passed around the load and both loop eyes or
Hshed by the sling manufacturer. The terms " rated
end fittings are attached to the lifting device.
capacity" and "working load limit" are commonly used
hitch, choker: a method of rigging a sling in which the to describe rated load.
sling is passed around the load, then through one loop
read1 (alloy steel chai11): see length, sling.
eye, end fitting, or othC!r device, with the other loop eye
or end fitting attached to the lifting device. This hitch selvage edge: the woven or knitted edge of synthetic web-
can be done with a sliding choker hook or similar device. bing so formed as to prevent raveling.
hitch (hitched): a method of rigging (attaching) a sling shock land: any condition of rapid lift, sudden shifting
temporarily to a load or object for the purpose of lifting. of load, or arrest of a falling load.
/iitch, vertic:al: a method of rigging a sling in which the sling: an assembly to be used for lifting when connected
load is attached to the loop eye or end fitting at one to a lifting mechanism. The upper portion of the sling
end of the sling and the loop eye or end fitting at the is connected to the lifting mechanism and the lower
other end is attaehed to the lifting deviee. Any hiteh supports the load, as described in this Volume.
less than 5 deg from the vertical may be considered a
sling body: see /xJdy (sling).
vertical hitch.
sling 111an11fact11rar (fabricator): a person or company
l1ori2011tal nngle: the acute angle between the horizontal
assembling or fabricating sling components into their
plane and the leg of the rigging, also known as the angle
Anal form. The sling manufacturer and the manufacturer
of loading. of the sling material may or may not be identical.
length, sli11g: the distance between the extreme beacing
sling service
points of the sling.
normal: servi.ce that involves use of loads within the
m111liplc-leg wire rope slings: same as sling length above,
rated load.
except the gathering ring, master link, or similar fitting
is not included in the length dimension.
severe: service that involves normal service coupled
with abnormal operating conditions.
single-leg sli11gs witll end filti11gs: measured from pull
to pull of end fittings or eyes. special or i11frequmt: service that involves operation,
single-leg slings without endfit tings: measured from pull other than normal or severe, which is approved by a
to pull or from bearing to bearing of eyes. qualified person.
fi11k, master: forged or welded steel link used to support socket, poured: fitting into which a wire rope can be
all members (legs) of an aJJoy steel chain or wire rope inserted and then permanently attached by filling the
sling. cavity into which the wire rope was inserted with special
molten metal or resin materials. This method rcqwres
link, master co11pli11g: alloy steel welded coupling link special fittings, materials, techniques, and equipment to
used as an intermediate link to join alloy steel chain to produce an end termination to meet the requirements
master links. of this Volume.
link, meclznnical co11pli11g (alloy steel chain): a nonwclded,
socket, swaged: fitting lnto which a wire rope can be
mechanically dosed link used primarily to attach fittings inserted and then permanently attached by mechanical
to alloy steel chain. compression applied to the shank that enclosed the rope.
loop eye (web sli11gJ: a length of webbing that has been This method requires special fittings and equipment to
folded back upon itself, forming an opening, and joined produce an end termination to meet the requirements
to the sling body to form a bearing surface. of this Volume.
2
Copyright ~ 2010 by I.he American Society of Mechanical Eogine~rs. &
No reproducuon may be ntllde of1h1s material without wriuen consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
spiral: a single transverse coil that is the basi.c element Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical
from which metal mesh is fabricated. Engineers (ASME}, Three Park Avenue, New York,
splice, jlemislr eye (wire rope): mechanical splice formed NY 10016-5990; Order Department: 22 Law Drive,
by opening the rope up in a specific manner and P.O. Box 2900, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900
reforming it to create a loop or eye. A metal sleeve is (www.asme.org)
s lipped over the ends of the splice and mechanically ASTM A 391 I A 391M-01, Standard Specification for
compressed to secure the ends. This method requires Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain
special fittings, techniques, and equipment to produce ASTM A 586-98, Standard Specification for Zinc-Coated
an end termination to meet the requirements of this Parallel and Helical Steel Wire Structural Strand and
Volume. Zinc-Coated Wt.re for Spun-in-Place Structural Strand
splice, linnd hicked (wire rope and synlllelic rope): a loop or ASTM A 906/ A 906M-02, Standard Specification for
eye formed in the end of a rope by tucking the ends of Grade 80 and Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings for
the strands back into the main body of the rope in a Overhead Lifting
prescribed manner. ASTM A 952/ A 952M-02, Standard Specification for
Forged Grade 80 and Grade 100 Steel Lifting
splice load bearing (web sling): that part of a s ling that is Components and Welded Attached Links
Lapped and secured to become an integral load bearing ASTM A 973/ A 973M-01 , Standard Specification for
part of the sling. Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain
splice, mechanical (wire rope): swaging one or more metal ASTM A 1023/A 1023M-02, Standard Specification for
s leeves over the wire rope to form a loop or eye. Stranded Carbon Steel Wire Ropes for General
splice, t1m1back (reltm1 loop): mechanical splice in which Purposes
the rope is looped back on itsel f and secured with one Publisher: American Society for Testing and Materials
or more metal sleeves. This method requires special fit- (ASTM lntemational), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box
tings, techniques, and equipment to produce an end C700. West Conshohocken. PA 19428-2959
termination to meet the requirements of this Volume. (www.astm.org)
strand laid rope: a wire rope made with strands (usually 0 1303-96, Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and
six to eight) formed around a fiber core, wire strand 8-Stnnd Construction
core, o r independent wire rope core (IWRC). Cl 1304-96, Polyester (PET) Fiber Rope, 3-Strand and
8-Strand Construction
strength (wire rope and str11ct11ral strand), mi11i11111111 break-
Cl 1305-96, Single Braided Polyester Fiber Rope,
ing: load at which a new and unused wire rope or struc- 12-Strand Braid Construction
tural strand could be expected to break when loaded to
0 1306-96, Nylon (Polyamide) Fiber Rope, Double Braid
destruction in direct tension.
Construction
triangle d1oker fitting: an end fitting for metal mesh or 0 1307-96, Polyester (PE1) Fiber Rope, Double Braid
synthetic web slings; similar to the triangle fitting, except Construction
that it also has a transverse s lot through which a triangle Publisher: The Cordage Institute (0), 994 Old Eagle
fitting can be passed to facilitate a choker hitch on School Road, Wayne, PA 19087 (www.ropecord.com)
the load.
WRTB Wire Rope Sling Users Manual, 3rd Edition
lriaugle fitting: an end fitting for metal mesh or synthetic
Publisher: Wire Rope Technical Board (WRTB), 44 South
web slings. containing a single eye opening for connect-
Carriage Drive, St. Joseph, MO 64506-1233
ing the sling to the lifting device.
(www.domesticwirerope.org/ wrtb/index.htmJ)
yam: a generic term for a continuous strand of fibers.
WSTDA-RS-1, Recommended Standard Specification for
Synthetic Polyester Roundslings
(to) SECTION 9·0.3: REFERENCES WSTDA-TH-1, Recommended Standard Specification
for Synthetic Thread
Within the text, references are made to the following WSTDA-UV-Sling-2003, Summary Report UV
publications, copies of which may be obtained from the Degradation
publishers indicated. WSTDA-WB-1, Recommended Standard Specification
ASME 830.10-1999, Hooks for Synthetic Webbing for Slings
ASME B30.l2-1992, Handling Loads Suspended From WSTDA-WS-1, Recommended Standard Specification
Rotorcraft for Synthetic Web Slings
ASME B30.20-2010, Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Publisher: Web Sling & Tie Down Association (WSTDA),
ASME 830.23-2005, Personnel Lifting Systems 2105 Laurel Bush Road, Bel Ai r, MD 21015
ASME B30.26-2004, Rigging Hardware (www.wstda.com/indcx.shtml)
3
Copynght ~ 2010 by the Amencnn Society of Mechanical Engineers. &
No n:production may be made of this material wit11out wriuen consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-1
Alloy Steel Chain Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
SECTION 9·1.0: SCOPE (bJ Mechanical coupling links shaU not be used within
0
the body of an a lloy chain sling to connect two pieces ::>
Chapter 9-1 includes provisions that apply to alloy
of chain.
steel chain slings (see Fig. 9-1.0-1).
9-1.3.2 Configurations
SECTION 9·1.1: TRAINING (a) Single-leg s lings and two-leg, three-leg, and four-
Alloy steel chain sling users shall be trained in the leg bridle slings used in vertical, choker, and basket
selection, inspection, cautions to personnel, effects of hitches are covered in this Chapter.
environment, and rigging practices as covered by this {b) Single- nnd double-basket s lings used in basket
Chapter. hitches are covered in this Ouipter
(c) Other configurations may be used. When used, the
sling manufacturer or a qualified person shall provide
SECTION 9· 1.2: MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS specific data. These slings shall comply with all other
9-1.2.1 Alloy Chain requirements of this Chapter.
The alloy steel chain shall be manufactured and tested
in accordance w ith ASTM A 391/ A 391M for Grade 80 SECTION 9-1.4: DESIGN FACTOR
chain and ASTM A 973/ A 973M for Grade 100 chain.
The design factor for aUoy s teel chain s lings shall be
9-1.2.2 Components a minimum of 4.
(a) Components for alloy steel chain slings s hall be
manufactured and tested in accordance wilh SECTION 9·1.5: RATED LOADS
ASTM A 952/ A 952M.
(b) Makeshift fasteners, hooks, o r links formed from
The te rm working load limit is commonly used to
bolts, rods, or other such components shall not be used. describe rated load.
(c) Where used, handles shall be welded to the master 9-1.S.1 (10)
link or hook prior to heat treating according to the rec-
ommendations of the sling manufacturer or a qualified These rated loads are based on the following factors:
person. (a) material strength(s)
(d) Hooks, when employed, shall meet the require- fb) design factor
ments of ASME B30.10. (c) type of hitch (see Fig. 9-l .0-1)
(e) Rigging hardware, when employed, shall meet the (d) angle of loading (see Fig. 9-1.0-1)
requirements of ASME B30.26. NOTE: Rated loads for basket hitches and bridle slings Me baS<.-'d
on symmctncal loading. See para. 9-1.10.l{d) for nonsymmetrical
9-1.2.3 Other Materials and Components loading.
Chain o r components other than those listed in
paras. 9-1.2.1 and 9-1.2.2 may be employed. When s uch 9·1.5.2
materials a re employed, the sling manufacturer or a Tables 9-1.5.2-1 and 9-1.5.2-2 show rated loads for
qualified person shall provide specific data. These s lings s ingle-leg vertical, basket hitches, and bridle slings for
shall comply with a ll other requirements of this Chapte r. specific grades of chain. For angles other than those
shown in these tables, use the rated load for the next
SECTION 9-1.3: FABRICATION AND lower angle, or a qualified person shall calculate the
CONFIGURATIONS rated load.
4
Copyright© 2010 by the American Sociccy of Mechanical Engineers.
No reproducuon may be made of th.ts matcnal wtt11out wrmen consent of ASME.
ASME 830.9·2010
Fig. 9·1 .0·1 Alloy Steel Chain Slings: Configurations, Components, and Hitche.s
Upper end component
Master link
(fitting)
(upper end
component/
Coupling llnk
fitting)
Chain
Length
(reach)
Coupling link
Coupllng llnk
le) Single-Basket Sling (d) Multiple-Leg Bridle Sling Hitch (el Single-Leg Choker Hitch
and Hitch
5
Copyright © 2010 by 1he Amencnn Socie1y ofMcchruucol Engineer&. ~
No rcproduc11on may be made of1.his material without wntten consent or ASME. ~
ASME B30.9·2010
Table 9-1.5.2-1 Rated Load for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Vertical, Basket, and Bridle Hitches
Double·Leg Bridle Slings. Triple· and Quadruple-Leg Bridle Slings,
Single-Leg Double-Basket Slings
Vertie.al Single-Basket Slings
0 ~ If\
Slings
<J\j
Nominal
Chain Size
I A
90 60 45
Horizontal Angle, deg (Note (1))
30 60 45 30
In. mm lb lb lb lb lb lb lb
NOTE:
(1) The horizontal angle Is the angle formed between lhe Inclined leg and the horizontal plane or lhe toad (see Fig. 9·1.0·l,
ill ustration (d)J .
Table 9-1.5.2·2 Rated load for Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Stings - Vertie.at, Basket, and Bridle
Hitches
Triple- and Quadruple-Leg Bridle Slings.
If\ ~
Single-Leg
0
Double-Leg Bridle Slings, Oouble-Basket Stings
Vertical
}(~'"''~ ~
Stings
Nominal
Chain Size
I
90 60 45
Horizontal Angle, deg (Note (l )J
30 60 45 30
in. mm lb lb lb lb lb lb lb
NOTE:
(l) The horizontal angle Is the angle formed between the Inclined leg and the horizontal plane or Lhe load [see Ag. 9-1.0· 1,
illustration (d)).
6
Copyright © 2010 by lht American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproduction ma) be mode of this material without wnuea conscnl of J\SME. ~
ASM E 83 0.9-201 0
7
Copyright © 2010 by tbe American Society ofMcchwiical Engineers
No reproduction may be made oftlus material without written consent of ASME
ASME 830.9·2010
Table 9-1 .5.4-1 Rated Load for Grade 80 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Choker Hitches
Triple- and Quadruple·Leg Bridle Slfngs
Single-Leg Double-Leg Bridle Slings
Vertical
Sllngs
GENERAL NOTE: Rated loads are for angles of choke greater than 120 deg [see Ag. 9-1.0-1, lllllstratfon (e) and para. 9·1.5.5).
NOTE:
(1) The horizontal angle Is the angle formed between the Inclined leg and the horizontal plane of the load (see Ag. 9-1.0-1,
Illustration (d)).
Table 9-1.5.4-2 Rated Load for Grade 100 Alloy Steel Chain Slings - Choker Hitches
Triple- and Quadruple-leg Bridle Slings
Single-leg Double-leg Bridle Stings
Vertical
Slings
GENERAL NOTE: Rated loads are for angles of choke greater than 120 deg (see Fig. 9·1.0·1. illustration (e) and para . 9·1.5.5).
NOTE:
(1) The horizontal angle Is the angle formed between lhe inclined leg and the horizon tal plane of the load [see Ag. 9·1.0·l,
Illustration (d)] .
8
Copy right ~20 1 0 by the Ameri can Society ofMechamcaJ Engineers ~
No n:production ma} be made oflhis material\\ ithout written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
NOTE:
(1) Remove from service.
(b) Conditions such as those listed in para. 9-1.9-4 or 9·1.9.4 Removal Criteria
any other condition that may result i.n a hazard shall
An alloy steel chain sling shall be removed from ser-
cause the sling to be removed from service. Slings shall
vice if conditions such as the following are present:
not be returned to service until approved by a qualified
(n) miss ing or illegible sling identification (see
person.
Section 9-1.7).
(c) Written records are not required for frequent
(b) cracks or breaks.
inspections.
(c) excessive wear, nicks, or gouges. Minimum thick-
9-1.9.3 Periodic Inspection ness on chain links shall not be bclow the values Listed
(a) A complete inspection for damage of the sling
in Tabl.e 9-1.9.4-1.
shall be periodically performed by a designated person. (d) stretched chain !in.ks or components.
Each link and component shall be examined individu- (e) bent, twis ted, or deformed chain links or
ally, taking care to expose and examine all surfaces components.
including the inner link surfaces. The s ling shall be (/) evidence of heat damage.
examined for conditions such as those listed in (g) excessive pitting or corrosion.
para. 9-1.9.4 and a determination made as to whether (II) lack of ability of chain or components to hinge
they constitute a hazard. (articulate) freely.
(b) Periodic l11speetio11 Freq11e11cy. Periodic inspection (i) weld splatter.
intervals shall not exceed l yr. The frequency of periodic (j) for hooks, removal criteria as stated in
inspections should be based on ASME 830.10.
(1) frequency of sling use
(k) for rigging hardware, removal criteria as stated in
(2) severity of service conditions ASME 830.26.
(3) nature of Lifts being made
(I) other conditions, including visible damage, that
(4) experience gained on the service li fe of slings
cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling.
used in similar circumstances
(c) Guidelines for the time intervals are
9-1.9.5 Repair (to)
(1) normal service-yearly
(2) severe service - monthly to quarterly (n} Slings shall be repaired only by lhe sling manufac-
(3) special service - as recommended by a quali- turer or a qualified person.
fied person (b) A repaired sling shall be marked to identify the
(d) A w ritten record of the most recent periodic repairing agency per Section 9-l.7.
inspection shall be maintained and shall include the (c) Chain and components used for sling repair shall
condition of the sling. comply with the provisions of this Chapter.
9
Copyright ~ 2010 by the Amerscan Society ofMechwiical Engineers t2>.:i
No reproduction ma) be made oftlus material without wrillen oonscm of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(d) Repair of hooks (ASME 830.10), rigging hardware 9·1 .10.2 Cautions to Personnel
(ASME 830.26), below-the-hook Lifting devices (a) AJI portions of the human body shalJ be kept from
(ASME 830.20), or other special devices shall comply between the sling and the load, and from between the
with the repair instructions in the applicable voh.m1es. sling and the crane hook or hoist hook.
(e) Cracked, broken, or bent chain links or compo-
(b) Personnel shouJd never stand in line with or next
nents other than hooks shaU not be repaired; they shaJI to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension.
be replaced.
(c) PersonneJ shall not stand or pass under a sus-
(/) MechanicaJ coupling links shalJ not be used within pended load.
the body of an alloy chain s ling to connect two pieces
(d) Personnel shall not ride the sling.
of chain.
(g ) Modifications or alterations to the sling or compo- 9-1 .10.3 Effects of Environment
nents shall be considered as repairs and shall conform
to all other provisions of this Chapter. (a) Slings should be stored in an area where they will
(/r) All repairs shall comply with the proof test not be subjected to mechanical damage, corrosive action,
requirements of Section 9-1.6. moisture, extreme temperatures, or kinking (see
Section 9-1 .8).
(b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera-
SECTION 9·1.10: OPERATING PRACTICES tures, the guidance provided in Section 9-1 .8 shall be
9-1.10.1 Sling Selection followed.
(a) Slings that appear to be damaged shall not be 9-1.10.4 Rigging Practices
used unJess inspected and accepted as usable under
(a) Sfjngs shall be shortened or adjusted only by
Section 9-1.9.
(b) Slings having suitable characteristics for the type methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quaJi-
of load, hitch, and environment shall be selected in accor- fied person.
dance with the requirements of Sections 9-1.5 and 9-1.8. (b) Slings shall not be shortened or lengthened by
le) The rated load of the sling shall not be exceeded. knotting or twisting.
(d) For multiple-leg slings used with nonsymmetrical (c) The sling shall be hitched in a manner providing
loads, an analysis by a qualified person should be per- control of the load.
formed to prevent overloading or any leg. (d) Slings in contact with edges, comers, or protru-
(e) Multiple-leg sllngs shalJ be selected according to s ions should be protected with a materiaJ of sufficient
Table 9-1.5.2-1 or 9-1.5.2-2 when used at the specific strength, thickness, and construction to prevent damage
angles given in the tables. Operation at other angles to the sling.
shall be limited to rated load of the next lower angle (e) Shock loading should be avoided.
given in the tables or caJculated by a qualified person. (j) Loads should not be rested on the sling.
(/) The component shall be of the proper shape and (g) Slings should not be puJled from under a load
size to ensure that it is properly seated in the hook or when the load is resting on the s ling.
lifting device. (}1) Twisting and kinking shall be avoided.
10
Copyright @20 I0 by I.be Amen can Society of Mechnntcal Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent ofASME ~
ASME 830.9-2010
(i) During lifting, with or without load, personnel (m) In a choker hitch, the choke point should only be
shaJJ be alert for possible snagging. on the sling body, never on a fitting.
(j) When using multiple basket or choker hitches, the (n) Jn a choker hitch, an angle of choke less than
load should be rigged to prevent the sling from slipping UO deg should not be used without reducing the rated
or sliding along the load. load (see para. 9-1.5.5).
(k) When using a basket hitch, the legs of the sling
(o) Slings shou ld not be constricted, bunched, or
should contain or support the load from the sides, above
the center of gravity, so that the load remains under pinched by the load, hook, or any fi tting.
control. (p) TI1e load appUed to the hook should be centered
(/) Slings should not be dragged on the floor or over in the base {bowl) of the hook to prevent point loading on
an abrasive surface. the hook, unless the hook is designed for point loading.
11
Copyngbt © 20 10 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmeers ~
No reproduction may be made of this material wilhoul written consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-2
Wire Rope Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
12
Copyright ~ 20 I0 by I.he American Society of Mechanical Eng.incers. &
No reproducuonmay be made of this material wnhout written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(a) Single-leg slings and two-leg, three-leg, and four- These rated loads are based on the following factors:
leg bridle slings tJSed in vertical, choker, and basket (a) material strength(s)
hitches are covered by this Chapter. (b) design factor
(/J) Slings made of rope with 6 x 19 and 6 x 36 classUi- (c) type of hitch
cation and cable laid slings shall have a minimum clear (d) angle of loading (see Fig. 9-2.5.1-1)
length of rope 10 times the rope diameter between (e) diameter of curvature over which the sling is used
splices, sleeves, or end fittings (see Fig. 9-2.3.2-1 ), unless (DI d} (see Fig. 9-2.5.1-2)
approved by a qualified person. lfJ fabrication efficiency
(c) Braided slings shall have a minimum clear length
NOTE: Rated loads for basket hitches and bndle slings nre based
of rope 40 times the component rope diameter between on symmetrical loading. See para. 9-2.10.l(d) for nonsymmetrkal
the loops or end fittings (see Fig. 9-2.3.2-2), unless loading.
approved by a qualified person.
(d) Grommets and endless slings shall have a mini- 9-2.5.2
mum circumferential length of 96 times the body diame- Tables 9-2.5.2-J through 9-2.5.2-9 show rated loads for
ter of the grommet or endless sling unless approved by single 1.e g vertical, choker, and basket hitches, and two-
a qualified person. leg, three-leg, and four-leg bridle slings for specific
(e) Otherconfigurationsmaybeused. When used, the grades of wire rope. For angles other than those shown
sling manufacturer or a qualified person shall provide in these tables, use the rated load for the next lower
specific data. These slings shall comply with all other angle, or a qualified person shall calculate the rated load.
requirements of this Chapter.
9-2.5.3 (10)
13
Copyright ® 20 I U by t.be American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made ofllus matenal withou t wrmen consent of J\SME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Fig. 9-2.5.1-1 Angte of Loading other than those shown in these tables, use the rated
load for the next lower angle, or a qualified person shall
calculate the rated load.
9-2.5.5
Rated loads for angles of choke less than 120 deg shall
be determined by using the values in Fig. 9-2.5.4-1, the
s ling manufacturer, or a qualified person.
9-2.5.6
Other materials and configurations not covered by
this Chapter shall be rated in accordance with the recom-
mendation of the sling manufach.u·er or a qualified per-
son and shall conform to all other provisions of this
Chapter.
9-2.5.7
When components of the sling have a lower rated
load than the wire rope with which it is being used, the
sling shall be identified with a rated load consistent with
the lowest load rating of any of the components.
14
Copyright © 20 I 0 by the American Soc1et~ of Mechanical Engineers i1&i
No reproduction may be made of this roaterinl wilhout written consent of ASME. ~
(1 0) Table 9-2.5.2-1 Rated Load for Single- and Two-Leg Slings 6 x 19 or 6 x 36 Classification
Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade fiber Core (FC) Wire Rope
z0 Based on Design Factor = S and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb)
.g r, Two-Leg Bridle or Basket Choker
a .g
'<
0..
Single-leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
~€ Vertltal Choker Vertical Basket Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg
0 ~ 60 deg 30 deg
~@
'°
'<
n
.3 \~
~ ET
0N
r;;r -
o
Hitch Type
Rope Diamet er, In. HT
I
MS s
6
HT&MS HT
u
MS s HT
II
MS s
u
HT MS
6
HT MS
~T
HT MS
db
HT&M S
db
HT&MS
n n
2, ;:>
§: ~ Y. 0.54 0.56 0.60 0.42 1.1 l.1 l.I 1. 1 I.I I. I 0.94 0.97 0.77 0.79 0.54 0.56 0.73 0.42
.. :J. x~ 0.8) 0.87 0.94 0.66 l.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.4 l.S 1.2 1.2 0.83 0.87 1.1 0.66
s~ % 1.2 1.2 13 0 .94 2.4 2.S 2.S 2.4 2.S 2.S 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.2 1.2 1.6 0.94 ~
~
§ ~ .,,...'"
E'... !?.
, n.·
....
<n
'lt. 1.6 17 1.8 1.3 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.4 2.7 2.9 2.2 2.4 1.6 1.7 2.2 1.3
0
.s. ~ 1h 2.0 2.2 2.4 1.6 4.0 4.t. 4 ,4 4.0 4.S 4.4 3.5 3.8 2.9 3.1 2.0 2.2 2.9 1.6
5-
~
0
0 ....,
:s.:
~16 2.S 2.7 3.0 21 s.o 5.5 5.S s.o 5.5 s.s 4.4 4.8 3.6 3.9 2.S 2.7 3.6 2.1
'-°
;.,
0
0
, n
~ n Ye 3. 1 34 3.7 2.6 6.2 6.8 6.8 6.2 6.8 6.8 S. 3 S.9 4.4 4 .8 3.1 3.4 4.5 2.6
-
::: e ::r
~ 4 .3 4.8 S.2 ) .7 8.6 9.7 9.7 8.6 9.7 9.7 74 8.4 6. 1 6.8 4.3 4.8 6.3 3.7
n -
n n·
== c:
'l. 5.7 6.6 7.1 5.0 11 13 13 11 13 13 9.8 II 8.0 9.3 5.7 6.6 8.6 5.0
0 -
-: : °"-·ml
"'::: l 7. 4 8.3 9.2 6.4 15 17 17 IS 17 17 13 16 10 12 7.4 8.3 11 6.4
n
::: 1 '/, 9.3 10 12 8.1 19 21 21 19 21 21 16 18 13 15 9.3 10 14 8. I
o :::
.-,nn 1Y. 11 13 14 9.9 23 26 26 23 26 26 20 22 16 18 11 13 17 9.9
r;; ;;i
~ GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT = tiand·tucked spllce
(b) MS = mechanic.al spllce.
woo 11MJIC4'81 - ":>Ill ':>IJllUIJ!!>S UOCWO\U AQ P81nQIJICIO 'P811Ql40Jd fkl~ON put Ou•AdoO '.<1uo ..u.,11 Jffn 8fl5UfS ' l lO~-A·~·9l UD tllffJllO 4a1114a~ DI peaue:i111•ue11w pe11~8uMo:>
ASME 830.9·201 0
(10) Table 9·2.5.2·2 Rated Load for Three- and Four-Leg SUngs 6 X 19 or 6 x 36 Classification
Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade Fiber Core (FQ Wire Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb)
Three-Leg Four·Leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
Hitch Type
Rope
Diameter. In. HT
III Jj\ ;j\
MS HT MS HT MS
/I\
HT MS HT
jljl
MS
~ ;J\. ~
HT MS HT MS HT MS
y. 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.81 0.84 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.6 1.l 1.1
Y16 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.3 1.8 1.8 1.3 1.3 3.3 3.5 2.9 3.0 2.4 2.5 1.7 1.7
Ve 3.5 3.7 3.1 3.2 2.5 2.6 1.8 1.9 4.7 5.0 4.1 4.3 3.3 3.5 2.4 2.5
'It, 4.7 5.0 4.1 4.4 3.4 3.6 2.4 2.5 6.3 6.7 5.5 5.8 4.5 4.8 3.2 3.4
1/, 6.1 6.5 5.3 5.7 4.3 4.6 3.0 3.3 8.1 8.7 7.0 7.5 5.7 6.2 4.0 4.4
"lt, 7.6 8.2 6.6 7.1 5.4 5.8 3.8 4.1 10 11 8.7 9.5 7.1 7.8 5.0 5.5
Ya 9.3 10 8.0 8.8 6.5 7.2 4.6 5.1 12 14 11 12 8.7 9.6 6.2 6.8
1;. 13 15 11 13 9.1 10 6.4 7.3 17 19 15 17 12 14 8.6 9.7
~ 17 20 15 17 12 14 8.5 9.8 23 26 20 23 16 19 11 13
1 22 25 19 22 16 18 11 12 29 33 25 29 21 23 15 17
11/a 28 31 24 27 20 22 14 16 37 42 32 36 26 19 19 21
11/. 34 38 30 33 24 27 17 19 45 51 39 44 32 36 23 26
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT = hand·tucked spike.
(b) MS = mechanical splice.
(c) Ra1ed loads for HT based on minimum Did ratio or 1511; rated loads for MS and S based on Did ratio of 2511.
(d) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye wldlh or less than the nominal sling diameter.
16
Copyngh1 ©2010 by !he American Sociecy ofMecha111cul l!ngineers, ~
No reproducuon may be made oflliis matcnal without written conscm of ASME. ~
(10) Table 9·2.5.2·3 Rated load for Single- and Two-Leg SUngs 6 x 19 or 6 x 36 Classification
Extra Improved Plow Steel (EJPS) Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb)
Tw o-Leg Bridle or Basket Choker
Single-Leg Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
z0
Vertical Vertical Basket Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 3 0 deg
a (') Choker 60 deg 30 deg
"'i:l
0 "O
~ ~.
@. ~
0 -
a®
0
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, in. HT MS S HT
6 MS HT
u
MS S HT
II
MS S
u
HT MS
6
HT MS
~
HT MS HT
db MS HT
db MS
~"'
'< 0
c:r
() -0
'!. 0.54 0.65 0.6B 0.42 0.48 1.1 L3 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 0.94 1.1 0.77 0.91 0.54 0.65 0.73 0.82 0.42 0.48
~. 0.83 1.0 1.1 0.66 0.74 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.4 0.83 1.0 1.1 1.3 0.66 0.74
a~
g_ :;. ~ 1.2 1.1• 1.5 0.94 1.1 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.0 2.5 1.7 2.0 1 .2 1.4 1.6 1.8 0.94 1.1
<> n
0 ;>
...... 3 'li6 1.6 1.9 2.0 1.3 1.4 3.2 3.9 3.8 ).2 3.9 3.8 2.7 3.4 2.2 2.7 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 1.3 1.4
Er ~ y, 2.0 2.5 2.7 1.6 1.9 4.0 5.1 4.9 4.0 5.1 4.9 3.5 4.4 2.9 3.6 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.2 1.6 1.9
Iii - · ~. 6.4 6.2 s.o 6.1 3.6 4.5 4.1 2.4
,.,~
2.5 3.2 3.4 2.1 2.4 5.0 6.4 4.4 5.5 2.5 3.2
g§
n Cll
3.6 2.1
:::1. 0 Ya 3.1 3.9 4.1 2.6 2.9 6.2 7.8 7.6 6.2 7.8 7.6 5.3 6.8 4.4 5.5 3.1 3.9 4.5 5.0 2.6 2.9 CJ>
~~·I~ % 4.3 5.6 5.9 3.7 4.1 8.6 11 11 8.6 11 11 7.4 9.7 6.1 7.9 43 5.6 6.3 7.1 3.7 4.1 "'0
--<
5- 0
0
~
....
3::
,~ 5.7 7.6 8.0 s.o 5.6 11 15 15 11 15 15 9.8 13 8.0 11 5.7 7.6 8.6 9.7 5.0 S.6
"',:,
0
.....
1 7.4 9.8 10 6A ~2 15 20 19 15 20 19 13 17 10 14 7.4 9.8 11 13 6.4 7.2 0
~ GENERAL NOTES!
(a) HT = hand-tucked splice.
(b) MS = mechanical splice.
(c) S = swaged or poured sockeL
(d) Ra ted loads for HT based on minimum D/d ratio of 15/l; rated loads for MS and S based on D/d ratio of 25/1.
(e) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than the nominal sling diameter.
(I) for choker hitch. the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·2.5.4).
wo:>i98JISl(.l91MMM " :>Ut ':>!JUUO!:>S UOIW04.l~Q pajnQ!JllllO PDllQ!40Jd BUtllJOMl&N pue Bu1.<dOO "<IUO 98U9:lfl JOSn e1Bu1S UO~·A8W1H UO !480Jn0 4S111411W Ol p&8UOOl! IBIJ9lBW pe14Bµ~doO
i
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(10) Table 9·2.5.2-4 Rated Load for Three- and Four-Leg Slings 6X19 or 6x36 Classification ...
::I
'f
Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope !:
G>
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb) 1,
~
Th ree-Leg Four·Leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle en
s-
ID
Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg 0
...c
Hitch Type
Rope
Diameter, In. HT
III MS HT
.1 MS
;j\
HT MS
/!\
HT MS HT
µ11
MS
11\ !]\ I]\
HT M5 HT M5 HT M5
9l
s..
::I
Cll
0
::I
~
'!. 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.2 1.4 0.81 0.97 2.2 2.6 1.9 2.2 1.5 1.8 1.1 1.3
...,~
~6 2.S 3.0 2.2 2.6 1.8 2.1 1.3 1.5 3.3 4.0 2.9 3.5 2.4 2.8 1.7 2.0 'S.
7
%
116
3.5
4.7
4.3
5.8
3.1
4.1
3.7
s.o
2.5
3.4
3.0
4.l
1.8
2.4
2.2
2.9
4.7
6.3
5.7
7.8
4.1
5.5
5.0
6.7
3.3
4.5
6.1
5.5
2.4
3.2
2.9
3.9
..ii
::I
ID
Yi 6.1 7.6 5.3 6.6 4.3 5.4 3.0 3.8 8.1 10 7.0 8.8 5.7 7.1 4.0 5.1 z
GI
Pfig 7.6 9.6 6.6 8.3 5.4 6.8 3.8 4.8 10 13 8.7 11 7.1 9.0 5.0 6.~
l0
% 9.3 12 8.0 10 6.5 8.3 4.6 5.9 12 16 11 14 8.7 11 6.2 7.8 ~
::I
% 13 17 11 15 9.1 12 6.4 8.4 17 22 15 19 12 16 8.6 11 ...,
IO
11e 17 23 15 20 12 16 8.5 11 23 30 20 26 16 21 11 15 a-:r
1 22 29 19 26 16 21 11 15 29 39 25 34 21 28 15 20 ~
1~ 28 36 26 31 20 26 1/J 18 37 48 32 42 26 34 19 24 ~
1 Y. 34 4~ 30 38 24 31 17 22 45 59 39 51 32 42 23 30 0
f:
1% 41 53 36 46 29 38 21 27 55 71 47 62 39 50 27 36 fr
c
iY, 49 63 42 55 34 45 24 32 65 84 56 73 46 60 32 42 ii
1% 56 73 49 63 40 52 28 37 75 98 65 85 53 69 38 49 Q.
CT
'<
11;. 65 85 57 74 46 60 33 42 87 113 76 98 62 80 44 57 ~
=r
1~ 74 64 84 68 37 129 86 112 70 91 64
97 53 48 99 50
~
2 84 110 73 95 60 78 42 55 113 147 98 127 80 104 56 73 g
(/)
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT = hand·tud<ed splice.
~
:?
(b) MS = mechanltal splice. :.
!'
(t) Rated loads ror HT based on minimum D/d rallo of 15/ t: rated loads for MS and S based on O/d ratio of 25/1. :;
(d) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than the nominal sling diameter. !'>
I
..iii~
~
18
Copyright ~ 20 I 0 by the Amc:ncan Sooicty of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproduction mil) be made ofl.b1s material without written consent of ASME. ~
(10) Table 9-2.S.2· 5 Rated Load for Single- and Two-Leg Stings 6 x 19 or 6 x 36 Classification
Extra Extra Improved Plow Steel (EEIPS) Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) 'Nlre Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb)
Two-Leg Bridle o r Basket Choker
Single-Leg Horizonta l Angle Horizontal Angle
z0
Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg
.g (") Vertie.al
u
Choker Vertical Bas ket 60 deg 30 deg
a
§-~.
£.. ~
0
~ ®
~
o
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, In. HT
I
MS s HT
6 MS HT MS s HT
II
MS
u
HT MS
6
HT MS
0
HT MS HT
db MS HT
db MS
""N
'< 0
~ 0.60 0.71 0.74 0.46 0.52 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.2 0.84 1.0 0.60 0.71 0.80 0.90 0.46 0.52
cr::r -0
a ~
Yi6 0.92 1.1 L2 0.72 0,81 1.8 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.2 1.6 1.9 1.3 1.6 0.92 1.1 1.2 1.4 0.72 0.81
~ 5- Y. 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.0 1.2 2.6 3.2 ).1 2.6 J.2 2.3 2.7 1.8 2.2 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 LO 1.2
n "'
0 >
..., s ~~ 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.4 1.6 3.5 Ii,) 4.1 ).'S 4.3 3.0 3.7 2.5 3.0 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.7 1.4 l.6
§" n ~ 2.2 2.8 2.9 1.8 2.0 4.5 5.5 S.4 4.S 5.5 3.9 4.8 3.1 J.9 2.2 2.8 3.1 3.5 1.8 2.0
"' :i
~6 2.8 J.5 3.7 2.3 2.6 5.6 7.0 6.8 5.6 7.0 4.8 6.1 3.9 5.0 2.8 3.5 4.0 4.5 2.3 2.6 >
~~
n Cl'>
Ill
,.,3::
:i. 0
~ !!. .... Ya 3.4 4.3 4.5 2.8 3.2 6.8 8.6 8.4 6.8 8.6 5.9 7.5 4.8 6.1 3.4 4.) 4.9 5.5 2.8 ).2
ffi
~ ~ ...... '° % 4.7 6.2 6.5 4.0 4.5 9.4 12 12 9.4 12 8.2 11 6.7 8.7 4.7 6.2 7.0 7.9 4.0 4.5 0
io
5- 0.., % 6.2 8.3 8.8 5.5 6.1 12 17 16 12 17 11 14 8.8 12 6.2 8.3 9.4 11 5.5 6.1
i:.
0
s; 3:: 16 22 14 19 11 15 8.1 11 12 14 7.1 8.0
...
0
0
,.~n
. ::r
" 1 8.1
10
1l
...
11
14
7. 1
8.9
8.0
...
16
20
22
...
21
26 2G ... 18 . .. 14 . .. 10 . .. 15 . .. 8.9
1%
~ §
0 - ·
1% 13 ... 18 11 . .. 25 ... 33 25 .. . 22 . .. 18 ... 13 . .. 19 . .. 11
8 ~
o m 1% 15 ... 21 'l3 . .. 30 ... 39 30 ... 26 . .. 21 ... 15 ... 23 ... 13
"':::I
g re. 11/i 18 ... 25 t6 ... 36 ... 46 36 . .. 31 ... 25 ... 18 ... 27 ... 16
~
o n
Cl
...... ... tY, 21 ... 29 18 ... 41 ... 54 4t . .. 36 . .. 29 ... 21 . .. 31 ... 18
>
en ?l ... . ..
1% 24 ... 34 21 . .. 48 . .. 63 48 ... 42 ... 34 24 36 . .. 21
~ 114 27 ... 38 24 . .. 55 ... 71 SS ... 47 ... 39 . .. 27 ... 41 . .. 24
2 31 ... 43 27 . .. 62 ... 80 62 ... 54 ... 44 . .. 31 . .. 47 ... 27
e, GENERAL NOTES'
(a) HT = harid·lucked splice.
(b) MS = mechanical splice.
(c) S = swaged or poured socket.
(d) Rated loads for HT based on minimum Did ratio of 15/1; rated loads for MS and S based on D/d ratio of 25/l.
(e) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than ihe nom ina l sli ng diameter.
(0 For choker hitch, the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·2.5.4).
·wo:i JOOJ1•~1- ·:>u1 ·:iunuor:is uotwoll1.<q pa1nqµ111a P911Q140Jd 6u111JOM.1&N pue 6u1.<doo ·.<ruo esuoo11Jesn016u1s • ~ ~oi:-.<e~-9~ uo 14a0Jno 4s1114ev-i 01 pesu00f11eµo1ew pe146µ.<do::>
ASME BJ0.9·2010
(10) Table 9·2.5.2·6 Rated load for Three· and Four-leg Slings 6x19 or 6 x 36 Classification
Extra Extra Improved Plow Steel (EEIPS} Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Load s Expr essed in Tons (2,000 lb)
Three· Leg Four·Leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
% 1.8 2.1 1.6 1.8 1.J 1.S 0.90 1.1 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.4 1.7 2.0 1.2 1.6
~1i6 2.8 3.3 2.4 2.9 1.9 2.J 1..4 1.7 J.7 4.4 3.2 J.8 2.6 3.1 1.8 2.2
% J.9 4.7 3.4 4.1 2.8 3.3 1.9 2.4 S.2 6.3 4.5 5.5 3.7 4.5 2.6 3.2
1 5.2 6.4 4.5 5.5 3.7 4.5 2.6 3.2 7.0 8.5 6.0 7.4 4.9 6.0 3.5 4,3
li6
Yi 6.7 8.3 5.8 7.2 4.7 5.9 J.3 4.2 8.9 11 7.7 9.6 6.3 7.8 4.5 5.5
'li6 8.3 11 7.2 9.1 5.9 7.5 4.2 5.3 11 14 9.6 12 7.9 9.9 5.6 7.0
l 24 32 21 28 17 23 12 16 32 43 28 37 23 31 16 22
tY, 31 26 22 15 41 35 29 20
l'Y. 38 32 27 19 50 43 35 25
1% 45 39 32 23 60 52 43 30
l1
h 53 46 38 27 71 62 50 36
1% 62 54 44 31 83 72 59 41
13/. 72 62 51 36 96 83 68 48
1 11, 82 71 58 41 109 95 77 55
2 93 80 66 46 124 107 88 62
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT =
hand·tucked splkl!.
(b) MS = mechanical splice.
(c) Rated loads for HT based on minimum Dfd ratio or 15/l: rated loads ror MS and S based on Dfd ratio of 25/l.
(d) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than the nominal sling diameter.
20
Copyright © 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made ofth1s matenal without wnnen consent of ASME. ~
0
0
"'O
'<
::1.
'°iii
::J"
.."'s.
::J"
::J"
0
c
Table 9·2.5.2·7 Rated load for Cable-Laid Wire Rope Single- and Two-leg Slings Mechanical Splice Only ii:!:
Based on Design Facto r = S and Rated Loads Expressed In Tons (2,000 lb) 0
:>
Choker -"
co
Single-Leg Two-Leg Bridle or Basket ~
Horizontal Angle - QI
Hitch Type Horizontal Angle - Hitch Type Hitch Type
~
Vertical Choker Vertical Basket Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg ~
60 deg 30 deg
u
- -- - -- - -- ~
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, in.
7 x 7 x 7 Con.structlon
I 6 II u 6 r'1 db db
(/)
s
'°iic
~
g
v.
)I.
0.50
1.1
0.35
0.8
1.0
2.2
1.0
2.2
0.87
1.9
0.71
1.5
0.50
l.l
0.61
1.3
0.35
0.76
..
=>
e
0
Yi 1.9 1.3 3.7 3.7 3.2 2.6 1.9 2.2 1.3 :>
% 2.8 1.9 5.5 5.5 4.8 3.9 2.8 3.4 1.9 -<
i;. 3.8 2.7 7.6 7.6 6.6 5.4 3.8 4.6 2.7 0
0
11a 5.0 3.5 10 10 8.7 7.1 5.0 6.1 J.5 "'O
'S.
1 6.4 4.5 13 13 11 9.1 6.4 7.8 4.5 =>
IQ
Gl
7X7X19 Construction &
z
%
%
];.
1.9
2.9
4.1
1.3
2.0
2.8
).8
5.8
8.1
).8
5.8
8.1
).)
5.0
7.0
2.7
4.1
5.8
1.9
2.9
4.1
2.3
J.5
4.9
1.)
2.0
2.8
i.,,
~
IO
1h 5.4 3.8 11 11 9.3 7.6 5.4 6.5 3.8 'O
1 6.9 l1.8 14 14 12 9.7 6.9 8.3 4.8 a
;!;
11/i 8.3 5.8 17 17 14 12 8.3 10 5.8 !Z
11;. 9.9 6.9 20 20 17 14 9.9 12 6.9 ;
~
5
r
~
!'
(a) 7 x 7X7 = galvanlied specialty cable. :>
{b) 7X7 X1 9 =galvanized specially cable. ;i
2l
Copyright© 2010 by the American Society ofMechanicnl Engineers. ~
No reproduction muy be made of this motcnaJ without written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Table 9·2.5.2·8 Rated l oad for Six-Part Braided Single- and Two-leg Slings 6 X19 or 6 X36
Cla.sslficatlon Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed in Tons (2,000 lb)
Two-Leg Bridle or Basket Choker
Single·Leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
Vertical Choker Vertical Basket Vertical 60 deg 45 deg 30 deg 60 deg 30 deg
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter. In.
I 6
HT&MS lfT&MS
u
lfT&MS
II
HT&MS
uHT&MS
6
HT&MS
r-1
HT&MS
db db
HT&MS HT&MS
3
li6 1.6 1.4 3.2 3.2 2.8 2.3 1.6 2.4 1.4
7
A6 8.6 7.5 17 17 15 12 8.6 13 7.5
% 11 9.8 22 22 19 16 11 17 9.8
91t6 14 12 28 28 24 20 14 21 12
% 17 15 35 35 30 24 17 26 15
'l'. 25 22 49 49 43 35 25 37 22
% 33 29 67 67 58 47 33 51 29
1 113 38 87 87 75 61 43 66 38
11/, 55 48 109 109 95 77 55 83 48
t1
1. 67 59 134 134 116 95 67 102 59
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT = hand·tucked splice.
(b) MS = mechanical splice.
(c) Rated loads based on minimum Did ra tio of 25 times the component rope diameter.
(d) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than lhe nominal sling diameter.
(e) For choker hitch, the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·2.5.4).
22
Copynghl @ 20 I0 b) lhc Amcncan Society of Mechanical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made oflh1s material w 1thom wril!enconsem of ASME. ~
ASME B30.9·2010
Table 9-2.5.2-9 Rated Load for Eight-Part Braided Single- and Two-Leg Slings 6 x 19 or 6x36
Classification Extra Improved Plow Steel (EIPS) Grade Independent Wire Rope Core (IWRC) Wire Rope
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed in Tons (2,000 lb)
Two-leg Bridle or Basket Choker
Single-Leg
Horizontal Angle Horizontal Angle
Vert leaI
u -II
Vertical Choker Basket Vertical 60 deg 4S deg 30 deg
-I 6
60 deg 30 deg
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, In. HT&MS HT&MS HT&MS HT&MS
uHT&MS
6
HT&MS
~
HT&MS
db db
HT&MS HT&MS
%
7
8.5 7.4 17 17 15 12 8.S 13 7.A
/16 11 10 23 23 20 16 11 17 10
1/2 15 13 30 30 26 21 15 23 13
~16 19 16 38 38 33 27 19 29 16
% 23 20 46 46 40 n 23 JS 20
31. n 29 66 66 S7 47 33 50 29
~. 45 39 89 89 77 63 1, 5 68 39
l SS St 116 116 100 82 58 88 51
1Ye 73 64 lli6 146 126 103 73 110 64
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) HT = hand·tucked splice.
(b) MS -= mechanical splice.
(c) Rated loads based on minimum Dfd ratio or 25 trmes the component rope diameter.
(d) Rated load based on pin diameter not larger than natural eye width or less than the nominal sling diameter.
(e) For choker hitch. the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·2.S.4).
23
Copynghl ® 20 10 by lhe American Society ofMccbanical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made of this material w11bout wrmen conseru of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(b) The proof load for components (fittings) attached 9-2.9.1 Initial Inspection
to single legs shall be the same as the requirement for Prior to use, all new, altered, modified, or repaired
single-leg slings in para. 9-2.6.2(a). slings shall be inspected by a designated person to verify
(c) Master links for two-leg bridle slings shall be proof compliance with the applicable provisions of this
Loaded to a minimum of 4 times the single-leg vertical Chapter.
hitch rated load.
(d) Master links for three-leg bridle slings shall be 9-2.9.2 Frequent Inspection
proof loaded to a minimum of 6 times the single-leg (n) A visual inspection for damage shall be performed
verticaJ hitch rated load. by the user or other designated person each day o r shi~
(e) Master links for four-leg bridle slings shall be proof the sling is used.
loaded to a minimum of 8 times the single-leg vertical (b) Conditions such as those listed in para. 9-2.9.4 or
hHch rated load. any other condition that may result in a hazard shall
cause the sling to be removed from service. Slings shall
SECTION 9-2.7: SLING IDENTIFICATION not be returned to service until approved by a qualified
person.
(10) 9-2.7.1 Identification Requirements (c) Written records are not required for frequent
Each sling shall be ma rked to show inspections.
(a) name or trademark of manufacturer
(b) rated load for at least one hitch type and the angle 9·2.9.3 Periodic Inspection (10)
upon which it is based (a) A complete inspection for damage to the sling
(c) diameter or size shall be periodically performed by a designated person.
(d) nwnber of legs, if more than one Inspec tion shall be conducted on the entire length
24
Copyright© 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers d!b
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9-2010
including splices, end attachments, and fittings. The (e) evidence of heat damage
sling shall be examined for cond itions such as those (j) end attachments that are cracked, deformed, or
listed in para. 9-2.9.4 and a determination made as to worn to the extent that the strength of the sling is sub·
whether they constitute a hazard. s tantially affected
(b) Periodic l11spectio11 Frequency. Periodic inspection (g) severe corrosion of the cope, end attachments, or
intervals shall not exceed 1 yr. The frequency of periodic fittings
inspections should be based on (II) for hooks, removal criteria as stated in
(1) frequency of sling use ASME B30.10
(2) severity of seJvice conditions (i) for rigging hardware, removal criteda as stated in
(3) nature of lifts being made ASME 630.26
(4) experience gained on the service life of slings (j) other conditions, including visible damage, that
used in similar circumstances cause doubt as to the continued use of the s ling
(c) Guidelines for the time intervals are
9·2.9.5 Repair c10)
(1) normal service - yearly
(2) severe service - monthly to quarterly
(a) Slings shall be repaired only by the sling manufac-
(3) special service - as recommended by a quali-
turer or a qualified person.
(b) A repaired sling shall be maJked to identify the
fied person
repairing agency per Section 9-2.7.
(d) Documentatio n that the most recent periodic
(c) End attachments and fittings used for sling repair
inspection was performed and shall be maintained.
s hall comply with the provisions of this Chapter.
(e) inspection records of individual slings a re not
(d) Repair of hooks (ASME B30.10), dgglng hardware
required.
(ASME 8 30.26), below-the-hook lifting devices
(lo) 9·2.9.4 Removal Criteria (ASME 630.20), or other special devices shall comply
with the repair instructions in the applicable volumes.
A wire rope sling shall be removed from service iI (e ) The wire rope used in the s ling shall no t be
conditions such as the following are present:
repaired.
(a) missing or illegible sling identification (see
(j) Repairs to wire rope slings shall be restricted to
Section 9-2.7) end attachments and fittings.
(IJ) broken wires
(g) Modifications, a lterations, or repairs to end attach-
(1) for strand-laid and single-part s lings, ten ran-
ments or fittings shall be approved by the sling manufac-
domly distributed broken wires in one rope lay. or five
broken wires in one s trand in one rope lay (see
turer, fitting or component manufacturer, or a qualified .
Fig. 9-20-1)
(2) for cable-laid slings, 20 broken wires per lay
person and s hall conform to al.I other provisions of the
Chapter. I
(see Fig. 9-2.9.4-1)
(11) All repairs shall comply with the proof tes t
~
requirements of Section 9-2.6.
(3) for less than eight-part braided s lings, 20 broken
wires per braid (see Fig. 9-2.3.2-2)
SECTION 9-2.10: OPERATING PRACTICES
i8
(4-) for eight-part or more than eight part braided 3
slings, 40 broken wires pe.r braid (see Fig. 9-2.3.2-2) 9-2.10.1 Sling Selection
(c) severe Localized abrasion or scraping (a) Slings that appear to be damaged shall not be
(d) kinking, crushing, birdcaging, or any other dam- used unless inspected and accepted as usable under
age resulting in damage to the rope structure Section 9-2.9.
25
Copyright © 20 I 0 by the American Society ofMcchenic11l Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without wrinen consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9-2010
(b) Slings having suJtable characteristics for the type 9-2.10.4 Rigging Practices
ofload,hitch, and erwironmcnt sha II be selected in accor-
(a) Slings shall be shortened or adjusted only by
dance with the requirements of Sections 9-2.5 and 9-2.8.
methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quali-
(c) The rated load of the sling shaU not be exceeded.
fied person.
(d} For multiple-leg slings used with nonsymmetrical
(b) Slings shall not be shortened or lengthened by
loads, an analysis by a qualified person should be per-
knotting, twisting, or by wire rope clips.
formed to prevent overloading of any leg.
(c) The sling shall be hitched in a manner providing
(e) Multiple-leg slings shall be selected according to
control of the Load.
Tables 9-2.5.2-1 through 9-2.5.2-9 when used at the spe-
(d) Slings in contact with edges, comers, or protru-
cific angles given in the table. Operation at other angles
shall be limited to rated loads of the next lower angle sions should be protected with a material of sufficient
given in the table or calculated by a qualified person. strength, thickness, and construction to prevent damage
<fJ When using a multiple-leg sling, the rating shown to the sling.
for the single-leg sling shaU not be exceeded In any leg (e) Shock loading should be avoided.
of the multiple-leg sling. ([) Loads should not be rested on the sling.
(g) When Did ratios (see Fig. 9-2.5.1-2) smaller than (g) Slings should not be pulled from under a load
those cited in the tables are necessary, the rated load of when the Load is resting on the sling.
the sling shall be decreased. Consult the sling manufac- (11) Twisting and kinking shall be avoided.
turer for specific data or refer to the WRTB Wire Rope (i) During lifting, with or without Load, personnel
Sling Use.r's Manual. shall be alert for possible snagging.
(11) The fitting shall be of the proper shape and size (j) When using multiple basket or choker hitches, the
to ensure that it seats properly in the hook or lifting load should be rigged to prevent the sling from slipping
device. or sliding along the load.
(k) When using a baskcl hitch, the legs of the sling
9-2.10.2 Cautions to Personnel
should contain or support the load from the sides, above
(n) All portions of the human body shall be kept from the center of gravity, so that the load remains under
between the sling and the load, and from between the control.
sling and the crane hook or hoist hook. (I) Slings should not be dragged on the floor ot over
(b) Personnel should never stand in line with or next an abrasive surface.
to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension. (m) In a choker hitch, the choke point should only be
(c) Personnel shall not stand or pass under a sus- on the sling body, not on a splice or fitting.
pended load. (11) In a choker hitch, an angle of choke less than
(d) Personnel shall not ride the sling.
120 deg should not be used without reducing the rated
(e) Do not inspect a sling by passing bare hands over
load (see para. 9-2.5.5).
the wire rope body. Broken wires, if present, may punc-
(o) Slings should not be constricted, bunched, or
ture the hands.
pinched by the load, hook, or any fitting.
9·2.10.3 Effects of Environment (p) The load applied to the hook should be centered
(n) Slings should be stored in an area where they will
in the base (bowl) of the hook to prevent point loading on
not be subjected to mechanical damage, corrosive action, the hook, unless the hook is designed for point loading.
moisture, extreme temperatures, o r kinking (see (q) An object in the eye of a sling should not be wider
Section 9-2.8). than one half the length of the eye.
(b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera- Cr) Sling and load shall not be allowed to rotate when
tures, the guidance provided in Section 9-2.8 shall be hand tucked slings are used in a single leg vertical lift
followed. application. Care sha ll be taken to minimize sling
(c) Fiber core wire rope slings should not be subjected rotation.
to degreasing or a solvent because of possible damage (s) Slings made with wire rope clips shall not be used
to the core. as a choker hitch.
26
Copyrighl © 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmccrs. ~
No rcproducuon may be made oflh1s material without written consonl of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-3
Metal Mesh Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
Meta l mesh sling users shall be trained in the selection, The term rnted cnpncity is commonly used to describe (/)
5'
inspection, cautions to personnel, effects of environ· rated load. IQ
iii
ment, and rigging practices as covered by this Chapter. c
9·3.5.1 ;
These rated loads are based on the following factors:
SECTION 9·3.2: MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS (n) material strength(s)
(b) design factor
9-3.2.1 Metal Mesh
(c) type of hitch
The carbon steel metal mesh shaJJ be manufactured (d) angle of loading
in accordance with the specifications in Table 9-3.2.1-1.
9-3.5.2
9·3.2.2 Coatings
Table 9-3.5.2-1 shows rated loads for single-leg verti-
Finishes and coatings shall be compatible with the cal, choker, and basket h itches. For angles other than
other components and not impair the performance of those shown in these tables, use the rated load for the
the sling. next lower angle, or a qualified person shalJ calculate
the rated load.
9·3.2.3 Components
(n) End fittings shall be manufactured to ensure that 9·3.5.3
the rated load shall be at least the same as the metal Horizontal sling angles less than 30 deg shall not be
mesh sling. used except as recommended by the sling manufacturer
(b) End fittings shall have sufficient strength to sus- or a qualified person (see Table 9-3.5.2-1).
tain twice the rated load of the sling without visible
9·3.5.4 (10)
permanent deformation.
(c) All surfaces of end fittings shall be cleanly finished Table 9-3.5.2-1 shows rated loads for choker hitches
and sharp edges removed. for specific grades of metal mesh, provided that the
angle of choke is 120 deg or greater.
9·3.2.4 Other Materials
9·3.5.5
MetaJ mesh and components other than those listed
Rated loads for angles of choke less than 120 deg shall
in paras. 9-3.2.1 and 9-3.2.3 may be employed. When
be determined by the sling manufacturer or a qualified
such materials are employed, the sling manufacturer or
person.
a quaHfied person shall provide specific data. These
slings shaJI comply with aJJ other requirements of this 9-3.5.6
Chapter. Other metal mesh materials and configurations not
covered by this Chapter shall be rated m accordance
SECTION 9·3.3: FABRICATION AND with the recommendation of the sling manufacturer or
CONFIGURATIONS a qualified person, and shall conform to all other provi-
sions of this Chapter.
9·3.3.1 Fabricat.lon
Methods of fabrication include welding or brazing. 9·3.5.7
When components of the sling have a lower rated
9·3.3.2 Configurations load than Lhe metal mesh with whicli ii is being used,
Single-leg slings used in vertical, choker, and basket the sling shall be identified with a rated load consistent
hJtches are covered in this Chapter. with the lowest load rating of any of the components.
27
Copyrighl @2010 by lhe American Society or Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproducLion may be made ofllus material wnhouL wri tLon consent of ASME. ~
ASME 8 30.9·2010
1 + - - - - -- - - --0verall length-------1--~
Fabric
lo D o D o D oC I thickness
28
Copyright @2010 by the American Society ofMcchrui1cnl Engineers ~
No rcproducuon may be made oft.Ins mntcriol without ~\rittcn consent or ASME ~
~
'O
~
ASME 830.9·2010
"'Q
':T
Q.
..
3
!!l
:l.
!!!.
~
::i
§.
0
l::
ii>
':T
Table 9-3.5.2-1 Rated load for Metal Mesh Slings <
ii
':T
Based on Design Factor = 5 D
c
Effect of Angle on Rated Capacities In
Basket Hitch
...a
a:
0
Vertical or Choker Vertical Basket ::i
60 deg
u - -- 45 deg 30 deg
I 6
'?'
Hitch Type
Width, In. 6 6 0
l::
Q)
,.,
"f
29
Copyright @20 10 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
& •
No reproduction may be made of this material without wrillen consent of ASME
ASME 830.9·2010
SECTION 9-3.6: PROOF TEST REQUIREMENTS person should be consulted before slings are used in
chemically acti ve environments.
9·3.6.1 General
(a) Prior to initial use, all new and repaired metal
mesh slings shall be proof tested by the sling manufac· SECTION 9-3.9: INSPECTION, REMOVAL, AND
turer or a qualified person. REPAIR
(b) Coated slings shall be proof tested prior to coating. 9-3.9.1 Initial Inspection
9·3.6.2 Proof Load Requirements Prior to use, aU new, altered, modified, or repaired
slings shall be inspected by a designated person to verify
The proof load shall be a minimum of 2 times the compliance with the applicable provisions of this
vertical hitch rated load. ChapteL
30
Copyright © 2010 by the Ame:ncnn Society ofMe,chan ical Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without wrmen consent of ASMI:.. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(c) broken wire in any part of the mesh (c) Personnel shall not stand or pass under a SUS·
(d) reduction in wire diameterof 25% due to abrasion pended load.
or 15% due to corrosion (d) PersonneJ shall not ride the sling.
(e) lack of flexibility due to distortion of the mesh (e) Metal mesh slings shall not be used as bridles on
(/) distortion of the choker fitting so the depth of the suspended personnel platforms.
slot is increased by more than 10%
(g) distortion of either end fitting so the width of the 9-3.10.3 Effects of Environment
eye opening is decreased by more than 10% (a) Slings shou ld be stored in an area where they will
(Ir) a 15"/., reduction of the original cross-sectional area not be subjected to mechanical damage, corrosive action,
of any point around the hook opening of the end fitting moisture, extreme temperatures, or kinking (see
(i) visible distortion of either end fitting out of its Section 9-3.8).
plane (b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera·
(j) cracked end fitting tures, the guidance provided in Section 9-3.8 shall be
(k) slings In which the spirals are locked or without followed.
free ar ticulation shall not be used
(/) fittings that are pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, 9-3.10.4 Rigging Practices
twisted, gouged, or broken
(n) Slings shall be shortened or adjusted only by
(111) other conditions, including visible damage, that
cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quali-
fied person.
9·3.9.5 Repair (b) The load should be evenly distributed across the
(a) Slings shall be repaired onJy by the sling manufac- w idth or the metal mesh.
turer or a qualified person. (c) The sling shall be hitched in a ma.n ner providing
(b) A repaired sling shall be marked to identify the control of the load.
repairing agency per Section 9-3.7. (d) Slings in contact w ith edges, comers, or protru-
(c) Metal mesh and fittings used for sli.n g repair shall sions shouJd be protected with a material of sufficient
comply with the provisions of this Chapter. strength, thickness, and construction to prevent damage.
(d) Cracked, broken, bent, or damaged metal mesh or (e) Shock loading should be avoided.
components shall not be repaired; they shall be replaced. (/) Loads shouJd not be rested on the sling.
(e) AJJ repairs shall comply wilh the proof test Cg) Slings should not be pulled from under a load
requJreme:nts of Section 9-3.6. when the load is resting on the sling.
(/) Modifications or alterations to the sling or compo- (h) Twisting and kinking shall be avoided.
nents shall be considered as repairs and shall conform (i) During lifting, with or without load, personnel
to all other provisions of this Chapter. shall be alert for possible snagging.
(j) ln a basket hitch, the load should be balanced to
SECTION 9·3.10: OPERATING PRACTICES prevent slippage.
(k) When using a basket hitch, the sting shouJd con-
9-3.10.l Sling Selection
tain or support the load from the sides, above the center
(a) Slings that appear to be damaged shall not be of gravity, so that the load remains under control.
used unless inspected and accepted as usable under (I) Slings shouJd not be dragged on the floor or over
Section 9-3.9. an abrasive surface.
(b) Slings having suitable characteristics for the type
(m) In a choker hitch, the choke point should only be
of load, hjtch, and environment shall be selected in accor-
on the sling body, not on a weJd, braze, or end fitting.
dance with the requirements of Sections CJ-3.5 and 9-3.8.
(11) ln a choker hitch, an angle of choke less than
(c) The rated load of the sling shall not be exceeded.
UO deg shouJd not be used without reducing the rated
(d) The e:nd fitting shall be of the proper shape and
Load (see para. 9-3.5.5).
size to ensure that it is properly seated in the hook or
(o) Slings should not be constricted, bunched, or
lifting device.
pinched by the load, hook, or any fitting.
9-3.10.2 Cautions to Personnel (p) In a choker hitch, the load should be balanced to
(n) All portions of the human body shall be kept Crom prevent edge overload.
between the sling and the load, and from between the (q) Straightening a spiral or cross rod or forcing a
sling and the crane hook or hoist hook. spiral into position shall not be done.
(b) PersonneJ should never stand in line with or next (r) Slings used in pairs shou ld be attached to a
to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension. s preader beam.
31
Copyright © 20 I0 by the American Society ofMechwiical Engineers. ~
No reproduction may be made oftlns material without wnnen consent of ASME. ~
ASM E 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-4
Synthetic Rope Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
SECTION 9·4.0: SCOPE (c) Components shall have sufficient strength to sus-
tain twice the rated load of the sling without visible
Chapter 9-4 includes provisions that apply to syn·
permanent deformation.
thetic rope slings (see Fig. 9-4.0-1).
(d) All surfaces shall be deanly finished and sharp
edges removed so as not to cause damage to the rope.
SECTION 9·4.1: TRAINING (e) SUngs incorporating reused, repaired, or welded
Synthetic rope sling users shall be trained in the selec· fittings shall undergo proof load in accordance with
tion, inspection, cautions to personnel, effects of envi· Section 9-4.6.
ronment, and rigging p ractices as covered by this lfJ Slings incorporating aluminum fittings shall not
Chapter. be used where fumes, \rapors, sprays, mists, or liquids
of aJkaJls or acids are present.
(g) Thimbles shall have a minimum diameter at the
SECTION 9·4.2: MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS bearing surface of at least two times the rope diameter.
(10) 9-4.2.1 Synthetic Ropes (11) Hooks, when employed, shall meet the require-
ments of ASME 830.10.
(a) Synthetic fiber materials covered for use in syn·
(i) Rigging hardware, when employed, shall meet the
thetic ropes are nylon and polyester. Rope constructions
requirements of A5ME 830.26.
covered are three-strand laid, eight-strand plaited, single
braided, and double braided. The rope constructions 9-4.2.4 Other Materials
shan be manufactured and tested in accordance with Synthetic ropes and components other than those
one of the fo llowing applicable Cordage Institute listed In paras. 9-4.2.1 and 9-4.2.3 may be employed.
specifications: When such materials are employed, the sling manufac-
Rope Type Designntion turer or a qualified person shall provide specific da ta.
Nylon three-strand laid a 1303 These slings shall comply with all other requirements
Nylon eight-strand plaited a 1303 of this Chapter.
Nylon double braid 013U6
Polyester three-strand laid 0 1304
Polyester eight-strand plaited Cl 1304
SECTION 9·4.3: FABRICATION AND
Polyester double braid a 1307 CONFIGURATIONS
Polyester single br.:ud a 1305 9-4.3.1 Fabrication
(b) Slings made of nylon or polyester rope shall be Splicing is the preferred method of fabricating eye-
made of fibers that have been produced with an appro- and-eye or endless rope components fo r slings. A ll
priate ultraviolet inhibitor. splices shalJ be made in accordance with splicing instruc-
tions provided by the rope manufacturer or a qualified
9·4.2.2 Coati ngs person. In addition, the following shall be observed:
Finishes and coatings shaJI be compatible with the (a) With tuck splices in three-strand and eight-strand
other components and not impair the performance of synthetic ropes, no less than fou r fu ll tucks shall be used.
the sling. Short splices shall contain at least six full tucks, three
on each side of the center of the splice.
9-4.2.3 Components (b) Strand end tails in all tuck splices shalJ not be
Mechanical components used as part of a synthetic trimmed short (cut Ou.sh with the body of the rope). In
rope sling should be selected to meet the following cases where the projecting tails may be objectionable,
requirements; the tails shall be tapered and buried into the body of
(a) Suitability of mechanical or socketed fittings shaU the rope using two additional tucks.
be verified by a qualified person. (c) Synthetic rope slings shall have a minimum undis-
(b) The material shall be compatible with the mechan· turbed length of rope of 10 times the rope diameter
ical and envir onmenta l requirements imposed on the between the last tuck of tuck splices or between the ends
sling. of the buried tails or strands of other types of splices.
32
Copynght © 2010 by Lhe American Society of Mechanical Engineers. &
No reproduction may be made ofLbis matcnal w1thoui wntten consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Fiber rope
thimble
(optional)
Short splice
(end·for·end) Angle
of Hook
choke (optionall
Eye-and-Eye Endless
Choker IWith Fittings)
GENERAL NOTE: fittings designed for sy11thetic slings should be used.
(d) The diameter and width of the bearing surface of 9-4.5.1 (10)
the fitting can affect the strength of the s ling. The s ling
manufacturer's recommendation should be followed These rated loads are based on the following factors:
when fittings are used with the sling. (11) matedal strength(s)
(e) Knots, clips, or clamps shall not be used to fabri- (b) design factor
cate slings. {c) type of hitch (see Fig. 9-4.5.1-1)
(/) lf thimbles do not have ears to prevent rotation, (d) angle of loading (see Fig. 9-4.5.1-2)
they should be lashed to the rope. Thimbles should be (e) diameter of curvature over which the sling ls used
used in the sling whenever possible, and installed in a (Did) (see Pig. 9-4.5.1-3)
manner that wi ll prevent the thimble from rotating
inside the eye or falling out of the eye.
NOTE· Rated loads for basket hilches and bridle slings are based
9·4.3.2 Configurations on symmetncal loading. See para. 9-4.lO.l(d) for nonsymmetncal
loading.
(n) Single-leg slings and two-leg, three-leg, and four-
leg bridle slings used in vertical, choker; and basket
hitches are covered by this Chapter. 9-4.5.2
(b) Synthetic rope leg(s) shall be either eye-and-eye
or endless. Tables 9-4.5.2-1 and 9-4.5.2-2 show rated loads for
vertical, choker, and basket hitches. For angles other
than those shown in these tables, use the rated load for
SECTION 9-4.4: DESIGN FACTOR the next lower angle, o r a qualified person shall calculate
The design factor for synthetic rope slings shall be a the rated load.
minimum of 5.
9-4.5.3 (10)
SECTION 9-4.5: RATED LOAD
Horizontal s ling angles less than 30 deg shall not be
The term rnted cnpncity is commonly used to describe used except as recommended by the sling manufacturer
rated load. or a qualified person (see Fig. 9-4.5. 1-2).
33
Copyng1n © 2010 by lbe American Soctety ofMccbamcal Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made of this maierial wi thout written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
.
>
w
-0
c
"'~
w
"z
::::l
(/)
u..
0
0
z
Si:
Vertical
angle
The symbols below represent load or support surfaces in contact with the rope sling. The
contact surface diameter divided by the rope diameter Is designated Did ratio as described
In Fig. 9-4.5. 1-3. Tables 9-4.5.2·1 and 9-4.5.2-2 are based on the Did ratios Indicated below.
GENERAL NOTE: Legs S deg or less from vertical may be considered vertical. For slings more than 5 deg
vertical, the actual angle shall be used. See para. 9-4.5.2.
34
Copyright <G) 20 l 0 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made oft.his matcrrnl withou1 wnttc.o consent ofASM.E. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
.,> ., ..
..c. - ..
w
ti
:c :c
c 0 u 0 5
z::: z:::
>
w
..a.
a.
..
a.
a.
Cl
z
::J
II)
u.
0
0
~
:.:
.... - :c.,.. :a
..
:c Ou 0 5
z::: z:::
c
w
.
a.
a.
..
a.
a.
GENERAL NOTE: legs 5 deg or less from vertical may be considered vertical. Sllngs with horizontal angles
less than 30 deg should nol be used. See paras. 9·4.5.2 and 9·4.5.3.
35
Copynghl @2010 by the American Soc1c1y ofMechwiical Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made oflhis matenaJ without written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
D- B
l.A-<l----- 0 - - -- 1
36
e
Copynght 20 I 0 by the American Society of Mcchru11cal Engi neers d&:i
No rcproducuon may I><: made of this material without \~Tilltn consent of ASME- ~
Table 9-4.S.2· 1 Nylon Rope Slings
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Ra ted Loads Expressed in Pounds (lb)
z0
Eye-and·Eye Slings Endless SUngs
~ (')
~ .g Two-leg Bridle or Basket Basket
g~. Horizontal Angle, deg Horizontal Angle, deg
c:. :::r
0 - Verlical 30 Vertical. Choker 90
Choker 90 60 45 60 45 30
- - - - --- -- --
u
; @ ---
"' "'
'< 0
O" -
n
s~
~ ET
n n
c
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, In. I 6 u 6 ~ 0 I ~ 0 Q 0
'12 t,100 830 2,200 1,900 1,600 l,100 2,000 1,500 4,000 3,500 2,800 2,000
e. ~ ~' 1,400 1,100 2,800 2,400 2,000 1,400 2,600 2,000 5,200 4,500 3,700 2,600
~ 9. s;, t,800 1,400 J,600 J,100 2,500 1,800 3,200 2,400 6,400 5.500 4,500 3,200
~ g ~ 2.600 2,000 5,200 4.500 3.700 2,600 4,600 3,500 9,200 8,000 6.500 4,600 ~
11, ~
.,.,
§ {/l
3,500 2,600 7,000 6,100 4,900 3,500 6,200 4,700 12,400 10,700 8,800 6,200
e.
..
8.
n
w
'I 1 4.400 J.300 8,800 7,600 6.200 4,400 7.900 5.900 15.800 13,700 11,200 7,900 0
CXI
"'
:'i-<
s- 11/a 5,700 4,300 11,400 9,.9 00 8,100 5,700 10,100 7,600 20,200 17,500 14.300 10,100
:0
0 N
0 -.
!::: s:: 1Y. 7,000 S,300 14,000 12, 100 9.900 7,000 12,400 9,300 24,800 21,500 17,500 12,400 ...
0
0
"" n l ~, 7,700 5,800 15,400 13,300 10,900 7,700 13,700 10,300 27,400 23,700 19,400 13,700
~- g. l '/, 9,700 7,300 19,400 16,800 13.700 9,700 17,400 13.100 34,800 30.100 24,600 17,400
~El
ti o·
8 e. 1% 11,500 8,600 23,000 19,900 16,300 11,500 20,500 15,400 41,000 35,500 29.000 20,500
~ gi 1~ lJ,200 9,900 26,400 22,900 18,700 13,200 23,600 17,700 47,200 40.900 33,400 23.600
E! ~- 2 16,900 12,700 33,800 29.300 23.900 16.900 30,200 22,700 60.400 52.300 42.700 30.200
2, § 2Ye 19,100 14,300 38.200 33, 100 27,000 19,100 34,100 25,600 68,200 59.100 48,200 34,100
~ 2Y.
2Y,
21,400
26,300
16,100
19,700
42,800
52,600
37,100
45,600
30.300
37,200
21.400
26,300
38,JOO
46,900
28,700
35,200
76,600
93,800
66,300
81,200
54,200
66,300
38,300
46,900
e 2%
3
GENERAL NOTES:
28,800
37,100
21,600
27,800
57,600
74,200
49,900
64,300
40.700
52,500
28,800
37.100
51.400
66,200
38,600
49,700
102,800
132,400
89,000
114,700
72.700
93,600
51,liOO
66,200
(a) See Ag. 9·4.0·1 for sling types, fig. 9·4.5.1·1 for hitch types, and flg. 9·4.S.1·2 for sling angle descrlpllons. For D/d considera1ions, see note in Flg. 9·4.5.1·1 and para. 9·4.10.l(f).
(b) For choker hitch, the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·4.5.4).
woo·1eru1slP811\YM\ " :>u1 ounuoios uOS1wo4.J. .<q pe1nq1J1s10 pe11q140Jd eu1>µ0M1eN pue &J1.<do0 .<1uo esuoo11 Joon e16u1s ·~ ~o~-.<ew-e~ uo l4BeJnb 4s1A4e~ 01pasu90t1111,,111.e w pe14eµ.<do:)
Table 9-4.5.2-2 Polyester Rope Slings
Based on Design Factor = 5 and Rated Loads Expressed in Pounds (lb)
Eye-and-Eye Slings Endless Slings
z
0 Basket Basket
ti ()
"O 0 Horizontal Angl e, deg Horizontal Angle, deg
g_~ Vertical 30 Vertical 90
90 60 45
c -· -Choker
- - - Choker 60 45 30
uu
g.~ -- ---
0
3®
°'
'< 0N
:r ;;
9~
-
Hitch Type
Rope Diameter, In.
y,
I 6
1,000 750 2,000 1,700
6
1,400
~
1,000
0
1,800
l1,400
~
3,600
0 Q
3,100 2,500
Q
1.800
~ :r ~., 1,300 980 2,600 2,300 1,800 1.300 2,300 1,700 4,600 11,000 3,300 2,300
n o
~?
~ 1.600 1,200 3,200 2,800 2,300 1.600 2,800 2.100 5,600 4.800 4,000 2,800
ET "'
-v. 2.200 1.700 4,400 3,800 3.100 2,200 4,000 3,000 8,000 6,900 5,700 4,000 ~
i;;· g ~ 3.000 2,300 6,000 5,200 4,200 3,000 5,400 4,100 10,800 9.400 7.600 5,400 3:
m
~ ~ ~ m
....
~ ~ 1 4,000 3,000 8,000 6,900 5.700 4,000 7,100 5,300 14,200 1 2.300 10,000 7,100 0
::!. 0 \o
::.. ~ 11/, 5.000 3,800 10,000 8,700 7.100 5,000 8,900 6,700 17.800 15,400 11,600 8,900 ;..,
.. 0
s . .:;z 11/• 6,000 4,500 12,000 10,400 8,500 6,000 10,600 8,000 21,200 18,400 15,000 10,600 g
5-
0
0
....,
t v., 6.500 4,900 13,000 t 1,300 9,200 6,500 11,600 8,700 23,200 20.100 16,400 11,600
0
~~ 11/, 8,400 6,300 16,800 14,500 11,900 8,400 15,100 11.300 30,200 26.200 21,400 15,100
~• g
I:>" 1 ~la 9,900 7,400 19,800 17,100 14,000 9,900 17,600 13,200 35.200 30.500 24,900 17.600
g ~- 1 3~ 11,/100 8.600 22,800 19.700 16,100 11.400 20,400 15.300 40.800 35.300 28,800 20,400
8 e:. 2 14,400 10,800 28,800 24,900 20,400 14,400 25.700 19,300 51.400 44,500 36,300 25,700
ii: gi 2Y. 16,200 12,200 32.400 28,100 22,900 16,200 28,900 21,700 57,800 50,100 40,900 28,900
g~
- ::::J
0..... !t
" 2Y. 18, 100 13,600 36,200 31,300 25.600 18,100 32,300 24,200 64,600 55.900 45.700 32,300
~ v• 2Y, 22,000 16,500 44,000 38,100 31,100 22,000 39,300 29,500 78,600 68,100 55,600 39.300
~
2Y, 24,200 18,200 48,400 41,900 31i,200 24,200 43,200 32,400 86,400 74,800 61,100 43,200
3 31,200 23,400 62.400 54,000 44,100 31,200 55.700 41,800 111,400 96,500 78,800 55,700
e GENERAL NOTES:
(a) See Ag. 9·4.0·1 for sling types. Fig. 9·4.5.H tor hitch types, and Fig. 9·4.5. 1·2 for sling angle descriptions. For Did considerations, see note In Fig. 9·4.5.1·1 and para . 9-4.10.1(1).
(b) For choker hitch, the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·4.5.4).
WOO lOOJllll.POl"MMNI '":>Ut ':>IJ!JUOl:>S uoswo41..<q po1nqu1s1a ·po11q140Jd 6U!'ll.IOMIDN pus 6u1..<do~ ·A1uo BIUB:>ll J&Sn 016u1s •~ ~oz:·A81to1·S~ uo 141runo 481h4BW 01 p911U9:>!1181JOl8W po146µ,<dOQ
ASME 830.9-2010
Ag. 9·4.5.4-1 Angie of Choke the sting shall be identified with a rated load consistent
with the lowest load rating of any of the components.
39
Copyright~ 2010 by the Amencan Soc1ct} ofMechnn1cal l:.ng111ccrs. ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ~
ASME BJ0.9·2010
SECTION 9-4.8: EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENT (b) Periodic fllspectio11 freq11e11cy. Periodic inspection
9-4.8.1 Temperature intervals shall not exceed 1 yr. The frequency of periodic
inspections should be based on
(a) Polyester and nylon rope slings shall not be used 0
(1) frequency of sling use
in contact with objects or at temperatures in excess of !'.
194°F (90°C) or at temperatures below -40°F (-40°C).
(2) severity of service conditions •<
::r
(3) nature of lifts being made
(bJ Some synthetic yams do not retain their published ~
(4) experience gained on the service life of slings
breaking strength during long-term exposure above 2iil
l40°F (60°C). The rope s ling manufacturer should be
consulted for the effects of long-term heat exposure.
used in similar circumstances
(c) Guidelines for the time intervals arc
..
~
(1) normal service - yearly g
9·4 .8.2 Chemically Active Environments (2) severe service - monthly to quarterly
The strength of synthelic rope slings Clln be degraded (3) special service - as recommended by a quali-
by chemically active environments. This includes expo- Oed person
sure to chemicals in the form of solids, liquids, gases, (d) Documentation that the most recent periodic
vapors, or fumes The sling manufacturer or qualified inspection was performed shall be maintained.
person should be consulted before slings are used in (e) Inspection records of individual s langs are not
chemically active environments. required.
40
Copyng.hl @2010 b) lhc American Sociel) of Mechanical Engincen.. ~
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ASME 830.9·2010
(11} other v1Sible damage that causes doubt as to the (c) Personnel shall not stand or pass under a sus-
strength of the sling pended load
(d) Personnel shall not ride Lhe s ling.
(10) 9-4.9.5 Repair
(e) Synthetic rope slings shall not be used as bridles
(a) Slings shall be repaired only by the sling manufoc- on suspended personnel platforms.
turer or a qualified person.
(b) A repaired sling shall be marked to identify the
9-4.10.3 Effects of Environment
repairing agency per Section 9-4.7
(cJ Components used for sling repair shall comply (a) Slings should be stored man area where they will
with the provtS1ons of thts Chapter. not be subjected to mechanical, chemical, or ultraviolet
(d) The ropes that make up the sling shall not be damage or extreme temperatures (sec Section 9-4.8).
respliccd or knotted to effect repairs. (b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera-
(e) All repairs shall comp ly with the proof test tures, the guidance provided in Section 9-4.8 shall be
requirements of Section 9-4.6 followed .
<fJ Modifications, alterations, or repairs to end attach- (c) Do not store nylon ropes m areas where they may en
:;
ments or fittings shall be approved by the sling manufac- become impregnated with rust. c
turer, fitting or component manufacturer, or a qualified
person and shall conform to all other provisions of the
(d) Slings exposed to salt water should be thoroughly
rinsed with fresh water to prevent mechanical damage
..
ii
c:
~
Chapter. from salt crystnls when the rope d ries.
(g) Rcpa ir of hooks (ASM E 830.10), rigging hardwa re
(ASM E 830 26), below-the-hook Lifting devices
(ASME B30.20), or other special devices shall comply 9-4.10.4 Rigging Practices
with the repair instrucbons in the applicable volumes. (a) Slings shall be shortened or adjusted only by
methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quali-
SECTION 9-4.10: OPERATING PRACTICES fied person
(b) Slings shall not be shortened or lengthened by
9-4.10.l Sling Selection
knotting or twisting.
(a) Slings that appear to be damaged shall not be (c) The sling shall be hitched in a manner providing
used unless inspected and accepted as usable under control of the load
Section 9-4.9.
(d) Slings in contact with edges, comers. protrusions,
(b) Slings having suitable characteristics for the type
or abrasive surfaces shall be protected with a material
of load, hitch, and environment shall be selected in accor-
of sufficient strength, thickness, and construction to pre-
dance with the requirements of Sections 9-4.5 and 9-4.8.
vent damage.
(c) The rated load of the sling shall not be exceeded.
(e) Shock loading should be avoided.
(d) For multiple-leg slmgs used with nonsymmetricaJ
loads, an analysis by a qualified person should be per- <JJ Loads should not be rested on the sling.
formed to prevent overloading of any leg. <g) Slings should not be pulled from under a load
(t) Multiple-leg slings shall be selected according to when the load IS resting on the s ling.
Tables 9-4.5.2-1 and 9-4.5.2-2 when used at the specific (11) Twisting and kinking shall be avoided
angles given in the table. Operation at other angle:. shall (iJ During lifting, wi th o r without load, personnel
be limited to rated loads of Uic ne>.t lower angle given shall be alert for possible snagging.
in the table or calculated by a qualified person. (j) When using multiple basket or choker hitches, the
<JJ When Did ratios (sec Fig. 9-4.5.1-3) smaller than load should be rigged to prevent the sling from s lipping
those cited in Fig. 9-4.5.1-1 arc necessary, the rated load or sliding along the load.
of the sling shall be decreased Consult the sling manu- .
(k) When using a basket hitch, the legs of the sling
facturer o r a qualified person.
(g) The component shall be of the proper shape and
size to ensure that it is properly seated in the hook or
should con tam or support the load from the sides, above
the center of gravity, so that the load remains under I
control.
lifting device.
(/) Slings s hould not bc dragged on the floor or over
9-4.10.2 Cautions to Personnel an abrasive surface.
(a) All portions of the human body shall be kept from (mJ In a choker hitch, the choke point should only be
between the s ling and the load, and from between the on the sling body, not on a splice or fitting.
sling and the crane hook or ho1St hook. (11) In a choker hitch, an angle of choke less than
(b) Personnel should never stand in line wtth or next UO deg should not be used without reducing the rated
to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension. load (see para. 9-4.5.5).
41
Copyright ~ 20 I0 b) lhe Amencan Society ofMc:chon1cal f:ngineers. c.'!>.:i
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ASME 830.9·2010
42
Copyright© 2010 b} lhc American Socitt} of Mechanical Fnginccrs. &
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ASME 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-5
Synthetic Webbing Slings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
SECTION 9·5.0: SCOPE These s lings shall comply with all other requirements
of this Chapter.
Chapter 9·5 includes provisions that apply to syn·
thetic webbing s lings (see Figs. 9-5.0-1 and 9-5.0-2).
SECTION 9·5.3: FABRICATION AND
CONFIGURATIONS
SECTION 9·5.1: TRAINING
9·5.3.1 Fabrication
Synthetic webbing s ling users shall be trained in the
(n) Stitching shall be the method for fabricating syn·
~Jection, mspection, cautions to personnel, effects of
lhctic webbing s lings.
the environment, and rigging practices as covered by
(b) The thread shall be the same yam type as the i.ling
this Chapter
webbing
(c) The diameter and width of the bearing surface of
SECTION 9·5.2: MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS the fitting can affect the strength of the sling. The sling
manufacturer's recommendation should be followed
9·5.2.1 Webbing when fittings are used with the sling.
The synthetic webbing shall be manufactured and
tested in accordance with WSTDA·WB-1. 9·5.3.2 Configurations
(n) Single-leg s lings and two-leg, three-leg, and four-
9·5.2.2 Thread leg bn dle lings used m vertical, choker, and basket
The thread used in the fabrication of synthetic web- hitches arc covered by this Chapter.
bing s lings shall be manufactured. and tested in accor- (b) One-ply, two-ply, and fou r-ply slings are covered
dance with WSTDA-TH-1 . by U1is 01aptcr.
(c) Other configurations may be used. When used, the
9·5.2.3 Coatings s ling manufacturer o r a qualified person shall provide
Finishes and coatings s hall be compatible w ith the specific data. These slings shall comply with all other
othe r components and not impair the peclormance of requirements of this Chapter.
the s ling.
SECTION 9·5.4: DESIGN FACTOR
9·5.2.4 Components
The design factor for synthebc webbing slings shall
(n) Fittings shall be manufactured to ensure that the be a minimum of 5.
rated load shall be at least the same as the synthetic
webbing sling
(b) Fittings shall have sufficient strength to sustam SECTION 9·5.5: RATED LOAD
twice the rated load of the sling without vtSible perma- The tcnn rated cnpncity is commonly used to describe
nent deformation rated load.
(c) All surfaces of fittings shall be cleanly finished
and sharp edges removed. 9·5.5.1 (10)
(d) Hooks, when employed, c;hall meet the require- These rated loads are based on the following factors:
ments of ASME 830.10. (a) matenal strength(s)
(e) Rigging hardware, when employed, shall meet the (bJ des1gn factor
requirements of ASME 830.26. (c) type of hitch
(d) angle of loading (sec Fig. 9-5.5.1-1)
(10) 9·5.2.5 Other Materials (e) diameter of curvature over which the sling is used
Synthetic webbmgs or components other than those <JJ fabrication efficiency
listed m paras. 9-5.2.1 and 9·5.2.4 may be employed. NOTE: Rated loods for basket hitches and bridle slings are bnscd
When such materials are employed, the sling manufac· on symmetrical lo.idlng 54.'I! para. 9-5.10.l(d) for nonsymmclrical
turcr o r a qualified person s hall provide specific data. loading.
~====3ll>
L_----~
Load-
bearlng Loop eye
Sling made with a flat loop eye on each end with loop eye
opening on same plane as sling body. This type of sllng is
I• splice , I• length
c::::::r~~§§.§i ~~~~§~~
~------eody -------+I
44
Copyright ~ 2010 by the American Soc1ct} of Mechanical Engineers &
No reproduction ma) be made oftlus material wnl1out written consent or ASME ~
ASME BJ0.9·2010
45
Copyright iii> 2010 b} lhe Ami:ncan Soc1t:l) of Mechanical Engineers ~
No rcproducuon may be made ofth1s matcriol w1lhom wri11en conscm or ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(10) Table 9 -5.5.2-1 Rated Load for One-Ply, Class 5 Synthetic Webbing Slings
Types I, II, 111, and IV Two-leg or Single Basket
Single-leg Horitontal Angle TypeV
0
Vertical Choker Vertical Basket Vertical 60 deg
--- 45 deg 30 deg
--- Endless Vertical E
u lf u
:r
s
Hitch Type
Width, In.
1
I 6
1,100 BBO 2.200 2,200 1,900
~ r1
1,600 1.100
0
2.200
•:r
2
ii
...
:!:
1~ 1.600 1,280 3,200 3,200 2,800 2,300 1,600 3,200 g
1% 1.900 1,520 3.800 3.800 3.300 2,700 1,900 3,800
2 2.200 1.760 4.400 4,400 3,800 3,100 2,200 4,400
GENERAL NOTES:
Ca) Rated loads ched In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown In WSTOA·WS-1 . Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load or the sling.
(b) The rated loads are based on stuffer weave construction webbing with a minimum certined tensile strength or 6,800 lb/ In. or width or
the webbing.
(c) Rated toads for Types Ill and IV stings apply to both tapered and nontapered eye constructions. Rated loads for Type V shngs are
based on nontapered webbi ng.
(cf) For Type VI slings, consult the manufacturer for rated loads.
(e) For choker hitch. the angle or choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9· 5.5.6).
46
Copynght © 2010 by the American Socict) of Mechanical Engineers ~
No n:productron may be made of lb.is motennl wllhout written consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(a) Rated loads cited In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown In WSTOA·WS-1. Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load or the sllng.
(b) The rated loads are based on sturrer weave construction webbing with a minimum certlfled tensile strength or 6.800 lb/ In. or width or
the webbing.
(c) Rated loads ror Types Ill and IV slings apply to both tapered and nontapered eye constructions. Ra ted loads for Type V slings are
based on nontapered webbing.
(d) f or Type VI slings, consult the manufacturer for rated loads.
(e) For choker hitch, the angle or thoke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·5.5.4).
Table 9· 5.5.2· 3 Rated Load for One-Ply, Class 7 Synthetic Webbing Slings (10)
1
I 0
1,600 1,280 3,200
II
3,200
u 2,800
~
2,300
~
1,600
0
3,200
l 'l'1 2,300 1,840 4,600 4,600 4,000 3,300 2,300 4,600
1~ 2,700 2,160 5,400 5.400 4,700 3.800 2.700 5.400
2 3.100 2,480 6,200 6,200 5,400 4,600 3,100 6.200
3 4.700 3.760 9.400 9.400 8,100 6,600 4,700 9,400
4 6.200 4.960 12,AOO 12,400 10.700 8.800 6.200 12.400
5 7,800 6,240 15,600 15,600 13,500 11,000 7.800 15.600
6 9,300 7,440 18,600 18,600 16.100 13,200 9.300 18.600
8 11.800 9.440 23.600 23.600 20,400 16,700 11,800 23,600
10 14,700 11.760 29,400 29,400 25.500 20.800 14.700 29.400
12 17.600 14,080 35,200 35.200 30,500 24,900 17.600 35.200
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Rated loads cited In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown in WSTDA·WS-1. Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load or the sling.
(b) The rated loads are based on stuffer weave construction webbing with a minimum certified tensile strength or 9.800 lb/ in. of width or
the webbing.
(c) Rated loads for Types Ill and IV sllngs apply to both tapered and nontapered eye constructions. Rated loads for Type V slings are
based on nontapered webbing.
(d) For Type VI slings, consult the manufacturer for rated loads.
{e) For choker hitch, the angle or choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·5.5.4).
47
Copyright @ 20 I0 by the Amcm;an Society of Mechwucal Eogmecr s. r.<i:i
No rcproducuon may be made ofthL~ mnu:rinl ''1th out written consent of ASMl:. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(10) Table 9-5.5.2-4 Rated load for Two-Ply, Class 7 Synthetic Webbing Slings
Types I, II, Ill, and IV Two-Leg or Single-Basket
Single-leg Horizontal Angle TypeV
Vertical 30 deg
Vertical
-60-deg- 45 deg
--- Endless Vertical
Hitch Type
Width, In.
l
I
3,100 2,1180 6.200
I 6
6,200 5.400
~
4,400 3.100
0
6,200
1% 4.700 3.760 9.400 9.400 8,100 6,600 4,700 9,400
1% 5.400 4,320 10.800 10.800 9.400 7.600 5,400 10,800
2 6,200 4,960 12.400 12.400 10,700 8.800 6,200 12,400
3 8,800 7,040 17,600 17,600 15,200 12,400 8.800 17,600
4 11,000 8,800 22,000 22.000 19.100 15,600 11.000 22,000
5 13,700 10,960 27.400 27,400 23.700 19.400 1),700 27,400
6 16,500 13.200 33,000 33,000 28,600 23,000 16.500 33.000
8 22,700 18.160 45,400 45,400 39.300 32.100 22.700 45,400
10 28.l•OO 22.720 56,800 56,800 49.200 40.200 28.400 56,800
12 34,100 27,280 68,200 68,200 59,100 48,200 34,100 68,200
GENERAL NOTES;
(a) Rated loads cited In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown In WSTOA·WS-1. Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load of the sling,
(b) The rated loads are based on stuffer weave construe.lion webbing with a minimum certlned tensile strenglh or 9,800 lb/In. or width or
the webbing.
(c) Raced loads for Types Ill and tV slings apply to both tapered and nontapered eye constructions. Rated loads for Type V s11ngs are
based on nontapered webbing.
(d) For Type VI slings. consult the manufacturer for rated loads.
(e) For choker hitch, the angle or choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·5.5.4)
(10) Table 9-S.5.2-5 Rated Load for Four-Ply, Cla.ss 7 Synthetic Webbing Slings
Types I, 11, 111. and IV
-I 6
deg
-60-- -45-deg- 30 deg
---
Hitch Type
Width, in.
GENERAL NOTES;
(a) Rated loads cited In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown In WSTDA·WS-1. Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load or the sling.
(b) The rated loads are based on stuffer weave construction webbing with a minimum certified tensile strength of 9.800 lb/In. of width of
the webbing.
(c) Rated loads for Types Ill and IV slings apply 10 both tapered and nontapered eye constructions. Rated loads for Type v s11ngs are
based on nonlapered webbing.
(d) For Types VI and V stings, consult the manufacturer for rated loads.
(e) For thoker hitch, the angte or choke shall be 120 deg greater (see para 9·5.5.4).
49
Copyrlghl ~ 2010 b) the American Society orMechw11cul Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made ofllus m1uerial without wnncn consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(10) 9-5.9.3 Periodic Inspection (c) Material used for sling repair shall comply with
(n) A complete inspection for damage to the sling the provisions of this Chapter.
c;hall be periodically performed by a designated person. (d) Cracked, broken, melted, or damaged webbing
Each sling and component c;hall be examined individu- material or fittings other than hooks shall not be
ally, taking care to expose and exarrune all surfaces The repaired.
sling shall be examined for conditions such as those (e) Repair of hooks (ASME B30 10), rigging hardware
listed in para. 9-5.9.4 and a determination made as to (ASME 630.26), below-the-hook lifting devices
whether they constitute a hazard (ASME B30.20), or other special devices shall comply
(b) Periodic l11spectio11 frequency. Periodic inspection
with the repair instructions in the applicable volumes.
mteTVals shall not exceed 1 yr. The frequency of periodk (/) All repairs shall comply with the proof test require-
inspections should be based on ments of Section 9-5.6.
(g) Modifications, alterations, or repairs to end attach-
(1) frequency of sling use
(2) severity of service conditions
ments or fittings shall be approved by the sling manufac-
turer, filling or component manufacturer, or a qualified
(3) nature of lifts being made
person, and shall conform to all other provisions of the
(4) experience gained on the service life of slings
Chapter.
usedinsimilar circumstances
(11) There shall be no repairs of a load-bearing splice.
(c) Guidehnes for the lime mtervals are
(1) Temporary repairs of either synthetic webbing
(1) normal service - yearly
slings or fittings shall not be permitted.
(2) severe service - monthly to quarterly
(3) special service - as recommended by a quali-
fied person SECTION 9-5.10: OPERATING PRACTICES
(d) Documentation that the most recent periodic
9-5.10.1 Sling Selection (1 0)
inspection was performed shall be maintained.
(e) Inspection records of individual slings are not (a) Slings that appear to be damaged shall not be
required. used unless inspected and accepted as usable under
Section 9-5.9.
9-5.9.4 Removal Criteri a lb) Slings having swtable charactenshcs for the type
of load, hitch, and environment shall be selected in accor-
A synthetic webbing sling shall be removed from ser-
dance with the requirements of Sections 9-5.5 and 9-5.8.
vice if conditions such as the following are present:
(c) The rated load of the sling shall not be exceeded.
( a) missing or illegible s ling identification (see
(d) For multiple-leg slings used with nonsymmetricaJ
Section 9-5.7)
loads, an analysis by a qualified person shouJd be per-
(b) acid or caustic burns
formed to prevent overloading of any leg.
(c) melting or charring of any part of the sling
(e) Multiple-leg slings shall be selected according to
(d) holes, tears, cuts, or snags Tables 9-5.5.2-1 through 9-5.5.2-5 when used at the spe-
(e) broken or wom stitchmg in load bearing splices cific angles given in the table. Operation at other angles
ifJ excessive abrasive wear shall be limited to rated load!> of the next lower angle
(g) knots in any part of the sling given in the table or calculated by a qualified person.
(Ir) discoloration and brittle or stiff areas on any part <fl Pin d iameters smaller than those shown in
of the sling, which may mean chemical or ultraviolet/ WSTOA-WS-1 may reduce the rated load of the sling.
sunlight damage (g) The fitting shall be of the proper shape and size
(i) fittings that are pitted, corroded, cracked, bent, to ensure that it is seated properly in the hook or lifting
tw15ted, gouged, or broken device.
(j) for hooks, removal criteria as stated rn
ASME 630.10 9·5.10.2 Cautions to Personnel
(k) for rigging hardware, removal criteria as stated in (n) All portions of the human body shall be kept from
ASME 630.26 between the sling and the load, and from between the
(/) other conditions, including visible damage, that sling and the crane hook or hoist hook
cause doubt as to the continued use of the sling (b) Personnel should never stand in lme with or next
to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension.
(1 0) 9-5.9.5 Repair
(c) Personnel shall not stand or pass under a sus-
(a) Slings shall be repaired only by the sling manufac- pended load
turer or a qualified person (d) Personnel shall not nde the sling.
(b) A repaired sling shall be marked to identify the (e) Synthetic webbing slings shall not be used as bri-
repairing agency per Section 9-5.7. dles on suspended personnel platfonns.
50
Copyright te 20 I0 by the Amcncan Soo1cty of Mcchomcal Engineers c!&i
No reproduction ma} be made oftlus malcnnl wllhout \~Tlttcn consem of ASML ~
ASME 830.9·2010
9-5.10.3 Effects of Environment (g) Slings should not be puJled from under a load
(a) Slings should be stored in an area where they will when the load is resting on the sling.
not be subjected to mechanical, chemical, or ultraviolet (11) Twisting shall be avoided.
damage or extreme temperatures (see Section 9-5.8). (iJ Du.ring lifting, with or without load, personnel
(b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera- shall be alert for possible snagging.
tures the guidance provided in Section 9-5.8 shall be (j) When using multiple basket or choker hitches, the
followed. load should be rigged to prevent the sling from slipping
(c) When extensive exposure to sunlight or ultraviolet or sliding along the load.
Light is experienced by nylon or polyester webbing (k) When using a basket hitch, the legs of the sling
slings, the sling manufacturer should be consulted for should contain or support the load from the sides, above
recommended inspection procedure. the center of gravity, so that the load remains under
control.
(to) 9-5.10.lf Rigging Practices (I) Slings should not be dragged on the noor or over
(a) Slings shaU be shortened or adjusted only by an abrasive surface.
methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quali- (111) ln a choker hitch, the choke point should only be
fied person. on the sling body, not on a load-bearing splice or fitting.
(b) Slings shall not be shortened or lengthened by (n) ln a choker hitch, an angle of choke less than
knotting or twisting. 120 deg should not be used without reducing the rated
(c) The sling shall be hitched in a manner providing load (sec para. 9-55.5).
control of the load. (o) Slings should not be constricted, bunched, or
(d) Slings in contact with edges, comers, protrusions, pinched by the load, hook, or any fitting.
or abrasive surfaces shall be protected with a material (p) The load applied to the hook should be centered
of sufficient strength, thickness, and construction to pre- in the base (bowl) of the hook to prevent point loading on
vent damage. the hook, unless the hook is designed for point loading.
(e) Shock loading should be avoided. (q) An object in the eye of a sling should not be wider
ifJ Loads should not be rested on the sling. than one-third the length of the eye.
51
Copyn~h t ~ 2010 by the American Society of Mechanical Engmeers. ~
No reproduction may be made of this material without writt.:n consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
Chapter 9-6
Synthetic Roundslings: Selection, Use, and Maintenance
52
Copyright e 2010 by Lhe Amencan Soc1ct} or Mechanical Engmeerr. ~
No rcproducuon may be made orlhis motcnol without \\Tltlen consent of AS."1E l;tli'
ASME 8 30.9·201 0
•>-----length - - --
I'"" ..-i•I
53
Copynghl ~ 2010 b) lhe American Soc1ccy ofMccho111cal Cngmccrs. ~
No reproduction ma> be made oflh1s motcnal \\ilhout \\Tlttcn consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
angle
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Copyright @2010 b} lhc American Societ} ofMecbamcal Engineers c&i
No n:producuon may be made orllus matcnal without ••Tillcn consent of ASME. ~
ASME 8 30.9·2010
9-6.5.2 (c) Master links for two-leg bridle slings shall be proof
Table 9-6.5.2-1 shows rated loads for single-leg verti- loaded to a mmimum of 4 times the single-leg vertical
cal, choker, basket hitches, and two-leg bridle slings. For hitch rated load.
angles other than those «hown in this table, use the rated (d) Master links for three-leg bridle slings shall be
load for the next lower angle, or a qualified person shall proof loaded to a minimum of 6 times the single-leg
calculate the rated load. vertical hitch rated load.
(t) Master links for four-Leg br idle slings shall be proof
(10) 9-6.5.3 loaded to a minimum of 8 times the single-leg ve rtical
hitch rated load
Horizontal sling angles less than 30 deg shall not be g
used except as recommended by the sling manufacturer
or a qua lified person. SECTION 9-6.7: SLING IDENTIFICATION
(1O) 9 -6. 5 .4 9 -6. 7 .1 Identification Requirements (10)
Table 9-6.5.2-1 show<; rated loads for choker hitches Each sling s hall be marked to show
for specific rounru.tmgs, provided that the angle of choke (a) name o r trademarf.. of manufacturer
is 120 deg or greater (see Fig. 9-6.5.-1-1}. (b) manufacturer's code or stock number
Cc) rated load for at least one hitch type and the angle
9-6.5.5 upon which it is based
Rated loads for angles of choke less than 120 deg shall (d) core material
be determined by using the values in Fig. 9-6.5.4-1, the (e) cover material, if different from core material
sling manufacturer, or a qua lified person. (/) number of legs, if more than one
55
Copyr1gh1€>2010 by lhe American Soc1cr) of Mechanical Engineers &
No n:producuon may be made oftl11s motcnal \\1thou1 Y.Titten consent of ASME ~
ASME B30.9·2010
Size
lf lb
I lb
~lb
0
---
lb
Q
lb
0
lb
GENERAL NOTES:
(a) Rated loads cited In this Chapter are based on pin diameters shown in WSTDA·WS·I. Pin diameters smaller than these may reduce the
rated load of the slfng.
(b) See para. 9-6.3.1.
(c) Roundsllngs are Identified by the vertical rated load shown on the sling ldentlncatlon. The size numbers In the first column have been
adopted by the Web Sling & Tie Down Association to describe certain polyester roundsllngs. They are Included for reference only.
Other polyester roundslings may have different vertical rated loads.
(d) Color guidelines for polyester roundsllng covers are widely used to indicate the vertical rated load of roundsllngs; however, this ls not
followed by some manufacturel'!i. Always select and use roundsllngs by the rated load as shown on the sling identification: never by
CDlor.
(e) For choker hitch, the angle of choke shall be 120 deg or greater (see para. 9·6.5.4).
56
Copynght © 20 I0 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproduction may be made of this material wnhout written consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(10) Fig. 9·6.5.4·1 Angle of Choke not be returned to service until approved by a qualified
person.
(c) Written records are not required for frequent
inspections.
9·6.9.3 Periodic Inspection (10)
(a) A complete inspection for damage to the sling
shall be periodically performed by a designated person.
Each sling and component shall be examined individu-
ally, taking care to expose and examine all surfaces. The
sling shall be examined for conditions such as those
Listed in para. 9-6.9.4 and a determination made as to
whether they constitute a hazard.
(b) Periodic Inspection Frequency. Periodi.c inspection
intervals shall not exceed l yr. The frequency of periodic
inspections should be based on
(1) frequency of s ling use
(2) severity of service conditions
(3) nature of lifts being made
(4) experience gained on the service life of slings
used in similar circumstances
(c) Guidelines for the time intervals are
(1) normal service - yearly
(2) severe service - monthly to quarterly
57
Copyng.tu <ID 2010 by the Arnencan Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No reproduclion mily be made ofllus materiel without wnnen consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9·2010
(b) A repaired sling shall be marked to identify the (cJ Personnel shall not stand or pass under a sus-
repairing agency per Section 9-6.7. pended load.
(c) Materials used for sling repair shall comply with (d) .Personnel shall not ride the sling.
the provisions of this Chapter. (e) Synthetic roundslings shall not be used as bridles
(d) Cracked, broken, or bent fittings other than hooks on suspended personnel platforms.
shall not be repaired; they shall be replaced.
(eJ Repair of hooks (ASME 830.10), rigging hardware 9-6.10.3 Effects of Environment
(ASME 830.26), below-the-hook lifting devices (rz) Slings should be stored in an area where they will
(ASME B30.20), or other special devices shall comply not be subjected to mechanical, chemical, or ultraviolet
with the repair instructions in the applicable volumes. damage or extreme temperatures (se.e Section 9-6.8).
ifJ AU repairs shall comply with the proof test require- (b) When used at or in contact with extreme tempera-
ments of Section 9-6.6. tures, the guidance provided in Section 9-6.8 shall be
(g) Modifications, alterations, or repairs to end attach- followed.
ments or fittings shall be a pprovcd by the sling manufac-
turer, fitting or component manufacturer, or a qualified 9-6.10.4 Rigging Practices (10)
person, and sha.ll conform to all other provisions of the (n) Slings sha ll be shortened or adjusted only by
Chapter. methods approved by the sling manufacturer or a quali-
(lz) There shall be no repairs of load-bearing yams. fied person.
(i) Temporary repairs of either roundslings or fittings (b) Slings shall not be shortened or lengthened by
shall not be permitted. knotting or twisting.
(c) Slings shall be hitched in a manner providing con-
trol of the load.
SECTION 9-6.10: OPERATING PRACTICES (d) Slings in contact with edges, corners, protrusions,
(10) 9·6.10.1 Sling Selection or abrasive surfaces shall be protected with a material
of sufficient strength, thickness, and construction to pre-
(a) Slings that appear to be damaged shan not be vent damage.
used unless inspected and accepted as usable under (e) Shock loading should be avoided .
Section 9-6.9. (/) Loads should not be rested on the sling.
(b) Slings having suitable characteristics for the type (g) Slings should not be pulled from under a load
of load, hitch, and environment shall be selected in accor- when the load is restlng on the sling.
dance wiU1 the requirements of Sections 9-6.5 and 9-6.8. (11) Twisting shall be avoided.
(c) The rated load of the sling shall not be exceeded. (i) During lifting, with or without load, personnel
(d) For multiple-leg slings used with nonsymmetrical shall be alert for possible snagging.
loads, an analysis by a qualified person should be per- (j) When using multiple-basket or choker hitches, the
formed to prevent overloading of any leg. load should be rigged to prevent the sling from slipping
(e) Multiple-leg slings shall be selected according to or sliding along the load.
Table 9-6.5.2-l when used at the specific angles given (k) When using a basket hitch, the legs of the sling
in the table. Operation at other angles shall be limited should contain or support the load from the sides, above
to rated loads of the next lower angle given in the table the center of gravity, so that the load remains under
or calculated by a qualifLed person. control.
(/) Pin diameters smaller than those shown in (I) Slings should not be dragged on the floor or over
WSTDA-RS-1 may reduce the rated load of the sling. an abrasive surface.
(g) The fitting shall be of the proper shape and size (111) ln a choker nitch, the choke point should only be
to ensure that it is properly seated in the hook or lifting on the sling body, not on a cover splice or fitting.
device. (n) ln a choker hitch, an angle of choke L ess than
120 deg should not be used without reducing the rated
9-6.10.2 Cautions to Personnel load (see para. 9-6.5.5).
(a) AU portions of the human body shall be kept from (o) Slings should not be constricted, bunched, or
between the sling and the load, and from between the pinched by the load, hook, or any fitting.
sling and the crane hook or hoist hook. (p) The load applied to the hook should be centered
(b) Personnel should never stand in line with or next in the base (bowl) of the hook to prevent point loading on
to the leg(s) of a sling that is under tension. the hook, unless the hook is designed for point loading.
58
Copyright © 20 l 0 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers ~
No reproducuon may be made of this mntenal wilhout wnnen consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9 INTERPRETATIONS
FOREWORD
This publication includes aU of the written replies issued between the indicated dates by the
Secretary, speaking for the ASME B30 Standards Committee, Safety Standards for Cableways,
Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, to inquiries concerning interpretations of
teclmical aspects of ASME 630.9, Slings.
These replies are taken verbatim from the o riginill letters except for a few typographical
corrections and some minor editorial corrections made for the purpose of improved clarity, In
some few mstances, a review of the interpretation revealed a need for corrections of a technical
nature; in these cases, a corrected interpretation follows immediately after the original reply.
These interpretations were prepared in accordance with the accredited ASME procedures.
ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of these interpretations when or if additional
information is available that the inquirer believes might affect the interpretation. Further, persons
aggrie"ed by this interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ASM E Committee or Subcommittee.
ASME does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary
device, o r ach\rity.
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Copyright ® 20 I0 by the American Society of Mcchumcal Engineers ~
No rcproducuoa may be made ofth1s matcnal \\ilhout wnttcn consent of ASME ~
ASME 830.9 INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretation: 9·27
Question: ASME 830.9-1996, para. 9-53(a) states, "A sling shall not be used at a load greater
than that shown in the appropriate table o r on its tag." ls lhe appropriate table meant to be
followed as stated and lhe term "or on its tag" meant for multi-ply slings for which no table is
available?
Reply: In the 1996 and all subsequent revisions, the rated load on the tag (or identification)
takes precedence over the rated loads shown in the tables.
In terpretation: 9·28
Background: Para. 9-6.2.3 states, " Firushes and coatings shall be compatible with the other
components and not impair the other performance of the shng." End users have commented that
roundsling manufacturers commonly stencil or screen markings or names on the outer sleeves
(covers) of the roundsling.
Question (1)· As these markings are on the cover and not directly on the load-bearing fibers,
are users to assume that this is an accepted and allowable practice?
Reply (1) The practice would be allowable as long as II does not impair the performance of
the shng. The Subcommittee cannot answer this question for every manufacturer and stenciling
practice, so the specific sling manufacturer would need to be consulted to answer this question.
Question (2): Has there been an indication of the ink transferring through to the yams and
possibly causing an issue?
Reply (2): The Subcommittee is not aware of instances of ink transferring through to the yam
and causing any impairment issue.
Interpretation: 9·29
Question: Para. 9-2.6.l(a) states, " Prior to initial use, all new -;waged sockets, poured sockets,
tumback eyes, mechanical joint grommets, and endless slings shall be proof tested by the sling
manufacturer or a qualified person." May sample proof testing of lots be performed to meet this
provision?
Reply: 1\Jo Each sling of the types specified requires a proof test prior to initial use. Sampling
or batch testing does not sab.sfy this requirement.
lnterpret.ation: 9-30
Question: Por sling repairs, does the "qualified person" have to be authorized by the original
manufacturer?
Reply: No
1-2
Copynght ~ 20 I0 by the AmcnCWl Society ofMccha111cal l·nginccrs ~
No reproduction may be made oft.his material \\ithout written consent of ASME. ~
ASME 830.9 INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretation: 9·31
Question: Lr you use a high performance core strand and a nylon cover, does lhe cover material
need to be identified as nylon on lhe sling 1denhficat1on or can you use a tradename?
Reply: The cover material needs to be identified.
Interpretation: 9·32
Queshon: ls 1t an acceptable practice to accept a higher load rating from a manufacturer versus
the published ratings in ASME 830.9-20067
Reply: ASME B30 is not capable of answering a general question regarding what is, or as not,
an "acceptable practice." However, the rated load described in the Volume is based on specific
material requirements addressed in Section 9-5.2· Materials and Components. Additionally,
para. 9-5.2.5 states, "Synthetic webbings other U1an those listed in paras. 9-5.2.1 and 9-5.2.4 may
be employed. When such materials are employed, the sling manufacturer or a quali fied person
shall provide specific data These slings shall comply with all other requirements or the Chapter."
Interpretation: 9·33
Question: ln Section VI or lhe Standard Introduction of lhe Standard, the verbiage is exact on
the actions or the words "shall" and "should." With this being acknowledged, is it an acceptable
practice to exceed the vaJues shown in Table 9-6.5.2-1, provided that the angle of choke is 120 deg
or greater?
Reply: Yes. However, ASME B30 is not capable or answering a general question regarding what
is, or is not, an "acceptable practice."
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Copyright @2010 by the Amcncnn Society of Mechanical Engineers. ~
No n:pmducllon muy be made oflh1s mnlcrinl wnhout wnttcn conscm of ASME ~
ASME BJ0.9 INTERPRETATIONS
Interpretation: 9-34
Question: Arc webbing shngs that incorporate a design factor of 5, but are stated to have
capacity values different (either more or less) than lhe published capacity values as prescribed
in ASME 630.9, Chapter 9-5, in conformance with the ASME 630.9 Standard?
Reply: Yes. The rated load described in the Volume is based on specific material requirements
addressed In Section 9-5.2! Materials and Components. Additionally, para. 9-5.2.5 states, "Synthetic
webbings other than those listed in paras. 9-5.2.1 and 9-5.2.4 may be employed. When such
materials are employed, the sling manufacturer or a qualified person shall provide specific data.
These slings shall comply with all other requirements of the Chapter."
Interpretation: 9-35
Question: If one component of a used mechanical chain sling is replaced due to damage or
wear, does the entire chain sling have to be proof tested before being put back into service?
Reply: No. Either the component being replaced would have to be proof tested or the finished
assembly (sling) would require proof testing by the sling manufacturer or a qualified person
before returning the sling to service.
1-4
Copyrtghl e1010 by the Amcrtcon OCIClY orMechomcal Engineers ~
No rcproducuon may be made ofth1s motcrtal mthout wTitten consent or ASML ~
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ISBN 978-0-71118-:nn-9
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