6 Determination of hydrostatic Pressure 61 Aim Determine the hydrostatic Pressure using Hydrostatic Pressure apparatus 6.2 Introduction The effect of hydrostatic pressure is of major significance in many areas ot engineering, such as shipbuilding, the construction of dykes, weirs and livts, ant 1p sanitary and building services engineering, With Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus.the correlation between the wate: andthe dependent side pressure can be investigated. The unit is of robust construction a ad can be setup quickly. It is therefore hi; ighly suitable for everydayuse in schools and universities. A transp; arent measuring vessel with mm scale and a scale with mm increments permits precise water level and lever arm readings vel Figure 6-1 Hydrostatic Pressure Apparatus 63 Procedure First of all balance the equipment by adding 2 small hangers in the left hand side lever. Now fill water in the apparatus. Add weights on both hangers to balance the ‘Scanned wih CamScanetApparatus, Now proceed according to formulas given in the theory below and find oy, Hydrostatic Pressure, To verify that the Hydrostatic Pressure calculated is nearly exact, Use the conservation of moment's law. 6.3.1 Determining the Centre of pressure ; Ata water level below the 100 mm, the height of the active surface changes with above 100mm, the height of the active surface is, the water level. If the water level always 100 mm, Triangular profile Active surface Figure 6-2 Meaning: s - Water level ¢ - Distance of center of pressure D from planar center of force C of the active surface ID - Distance to center of motion of the unit For water level s < 100 mm _ (Pressure has a triangular profile) ‘s (1) |= [p= 200mm -+.s (2) wa ‘Scanned wth CamScanetFor water level 5 > 199 m m. le) Pressure has a raperoiany lal profi Trapezoidal profile Active surface Figure 6-3 e= 1 100mm? 12 s-50mm © Ip= 150mm+ e (4) 6.3.2 Determining the Resultant Force The resultant force corresponds to the hydrostatic pressure at the planar centre of force C of the active surface. Thus, the height of water level s must again be differentiated: Meaning: A,.- Superficial content of active surface b- Width of liquid vessel pe- Hydrostatic pressure at planar centre of force Measured values: s - Water level reading 1- Lever arm of the force due to weight FG - Force due to weight of the appended weights Fp - Resultant force for hydrostat. Pressure on active surface: ‘Seanneé wih CamScanetFor s< 100 mm (Triangular profile) eS $ and Age = $P pe= pars and Aact Figure 6-4 For s>100 mm (Trapezoidal profile) Pe= p-9(S-S0mm) and Azq= 100mm-b(6) The resultant force is produced as Fp = PeAasct - (7)3 Balance of Moments 64 Figure 6-5 Calculated variables: Fc- Appended weight 1- Lever arm of appended weight referred to centre of motion O To check the theory, a balance of moments around the centre of motion O can be established and checked: IM =0: Fel = Fylp (8) ‘Seanneé wih CamScanet