Middle Childhood children grow at a slow consistent rate before reaching a

large growth spurt during adolescence.

developmental period that occurs between the ages of 5
and 10 years Skeletal and Muscular

children are more independent and physically active than

average weight increase: 5 to 7 pounds a year.
early childhood development

physical development takes place because of heredity,
nutrition, normal developmental variation and physical
activity
children can perform increasingly complex task (i.e. riding
a bicycle, dancing and playing sports or musical
instruments) because of the progression in muscular
strength, hand-eye coordination
development of initiative or guilt according to Erickson
desire to copy the adults around them and take initiative
to play situations
using of the word “WHY?” in exploring the world
stage involved in the classic “Oedipal struggle” and resolve
through “social role identification”.
Oedipal struggle
 a stage where the child experiences an erotic attachment
to one parent and hostility toward the other parent
 comes from the Greek myth about Oedipus who killed his
father and married his mother without realizing it. Oedipus
had been abandoned at birth and was found and adopted
by a nation which later was at war with Oedipus’ nation of
birth of which his father was king. Oedipus, in battle, killed
his father without realizing that he was his father, and then
married the King’s Queen who was his mother, again,
without realizing that she was his mother. When Oedipus
discovered the truth, he put himself in exile and gouged his
eyes out.
average height increase: 2 to 3 inches a year
muscle mass increases as baby fat decreases, the legs
become longer, and the body trunk becomes slimmer.
strength gradually increases due to heredity and exercise,
doubling their strength, during these years. Because of a
greater number of muscle cells boys are usually stronger
than girls.
Motor Skills
motor skills become smoother and more coordinated than
in early childhood, (i.e. they are able to master running,
skipping, bicycle riding, and skating)
 Gross motor skills - mastery of large muscle
movements.
 Fine motor skills - dealing with dexterity.
 Boys will usually out perform girls in gross motor
skills, whereas girls typically perform better than
boys in fine motor skills. As children get older
they become more aware of their bodies, and
more able to control their physical movements.
Children are able to keep their attention longer, and have
less distracting body movement.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

 boys want to get rid of their father and marry their School
mother; girls want to get rid of their mother and marry
their fathers – “Electra Complex” Childhood Stress

    the dynamic sees a recrudescence around adolescence the separation from parents or guardian
when the teenager becomes competitive with the same sex
parent and usually gets along better with the opposite sex
Adjustment in the beginning of school
parent.

 “Kids need to know their place.” SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

“We cannot get away from the assumption that man's sense of guilt Children and Parental Roles
springs from the Oedipus complex and was acquired at the killing of
the father by the brothers banned together.” (Freud, 1930) dealing with adjusting to children finding themselves,
attending school, and becoming more independent
frustration over natural desires and goals may lead to guilt.
praising and disciplining their children
most significant relationship is with the family basic
Peers
"Family life is the source of the greatest human happiness. This
happiness is the simplest and least costly kind, and it cannot be
purchased with money. But it can be increased if we do two things: challenged with the issue of being accepted in their school
if we recognize and uphold the essential values of family life and if environment
we get and keep control of the process of social change so as to
make it give us what is needed to make family life perform its Television and Violence
essential functions.“ - Robert J. Havighurst
Becoming an Individual
PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
children are developing their individual selves, and finding
Growth
their place and belonging
self-esteem is a key factor in development throughout life