Jump Start: Solids Process Modeling For Experienced Aspen Plus Users

Jump Start: Solids Process Modeling for Experienced
Aspen Plus ® Users

A Brief Tutorial (and supplement to training and online documentation)
Jennifer Dyment, Product Marketing, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Claus Reimers, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Ajay Lakshmanan, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Matthias Pogodda, Software Development, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Wilfried Mofor, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc.
© 2014 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech®, aspenONE®, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-5035-0414
Jump Start: Solids Process Modeling for Experienced Aspen Plus ® Users
Table of Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
First Steps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specifying Solid Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Specifying Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Specifying Stream Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Particle Size Distribution Meshes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Unit Operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The Model Palette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Dryer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Spray Dryer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Crystallizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Granulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Crusher . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Fluidized Bed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Conveying . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Results Summaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Plots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Activated Economics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Introduction
Solids process modeling with Aspen Plus provides an integrated solution for simulating processes containing solids. With
the tools provided, it is easy to characterize and model these components and obtain reliable results based on the world’s
most comprehensive property database and proven simulation technology. This functionality bridges the gap between
process engineering and particle science by providing the tools to seamlessly integrate rigorous models for solid streams
and unit operations with typical fluid process models. Now users can simulate processes that contain both fluids and
solids in the same simulation environment, allowing accelerated production of consistent, conceptual designs.
This document serves as a simple “getting started guide” for users who are experienced with Aspen Plus (but not
necessarily solids process modeling). We will take you through the most common progression of how a process designer
creates a simulation and implements solid components and unit operations. This is not meant to be used as a stand-alone
reference document. We recommend that a range of other resources be called upon to give the new user a comprehensive
view of how to use solids modeling in Aspen Plus. These may include:
• AspenTech support website (support.aspentech.com) – contains a wide range of knowledge base items and provides
answers to frequently asked questions
• AspenTech self-guided examples are available on aspenONE® Exchange or can be accessed by going here:
http://www.aspentech.com/October_2013_solids_modeling_demo_AT/
• AspenTech courseware available in on-line and in-person versions — provides formal training on process modeling
• AspenTech business consultants
This document covers solids modeling in Aspen Plus. This guide assumes that the user has Aspen Plus V8.4 or higher
installed on their computer. Most features were introduced with V8.0, such as particle size distribution characterization
and a majority of the unit operations. See Table 1 below for more information.
Version Date of Release Features

• Integration of 25 SolidSim unit operations
Aspen Plus V8.0 December 2012 • PSD characterization
• Solids-related results representation
• Economics for solids processing (Activated Economics)
Aspen Plus V8.2 May 2013 • Total of 38 SolidSim unit operations integrated
• Enhanced PSD definition and results representation
• Conceptual models
Aspen Plus V8.4 November 2013 • Spray dryer unit model
• Reactions in fluidized bed unit model
Table 1: Solids related features highlighted for the Aspen V8.0, V8.2, and V8.4 releases
1
First Steps
This section talks about the first steps you must take to include solid components in your model. It does not cover every
step in creating a flow sheet.
Specifying Solid Components

When you specify a component, its default type is Conventional. However, in order to model solid components you must
change this to Solid (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Specify a stream as solid
Specifying Properties
Since the properties for solids are different than the conventional properties for fluids, it might be necessary to manually
manage those that apply to your process. In the Navigation Pane, select the “Methods” folder, then “Parameters.” Then
click “New” and select the type of parameter that you want to specify in the pane that follows (Figure 2).
Figure 2: New property specification
Next, fill in the matrix of parameters and components as desired. Hover over any of the parameters in the dropdown list to
see what the variables stand for (Figure 3).
2
Figure 3: Specify properties for desired compounds
Tips and Tricks: You can always manually specify properties for components. This is especially
helpful when working with compounds that are not well documented (such as different grades
of coal).
Specifying Stream Class

Once all of the property specifications are complete, you can move on to flow sheet specifications in the Simulation
Environment. In the “Setup – Specifications” form you must select an appropriate stream class. To determine which is
best, hover over the different choices on the dropdown menu to see suggestions (Figure 4). Typically, MIXCIPSD is a good
choice when conventional solids are present with a particle size distribution.
3
Figure 4: Specify stream class
Particle Size Distribution Meshes

A common way of characterizing a solid stream is by particle size distribution (PSD), which describes the relative quantity
of particles of varying sizes in a stream (generally a powder or granular material). A PSD can be expressed as either a list
of values or a mathematical function.
To define a PSD in Aspen Plus, you must first create a mesh (array of particle size classes), which characterizes a
particular PSD. In the Navigation Pane, go to the “Setup” folder, then “Solids,” and select “PSD.” In order to define the PSD
mesh, you either select a pre-defined mesh type (e.g. equidistant, geometric, or logarithmic) and enter the necessary
parameters, or you define your mesh manually (e.g. selection user) as tabular data. For the later option, you can also copy
and paste from the spreadsheet tools (e.g. MS Excel). Fill out the required inputs and select “Create PSD Mesh” (Figure 5).
While the first mesh you define (named “PSD” by default) is used for the simulation, additional meshes can be created for
streams that have different particle size distributions. To create additional meshes, go to “Solids” and select the PSD Mesh
tab. Then choose “New…” (Figure 6). It is also possible to create new meshes on the stream data input (see ‘streams’). For
more information, visit the self-guided example for setting up a particle size distribution in Aspen Plus available on
aspenONE Exchange.
Figure 5: Create PSD mesh
4
Figure 6: Generate additional PSD meshes
Unit Operations
Table 2 shows a list of all of the solids unit operations available in Aspen Plus. This section only focuses on getting started
with five of the most common blocks. To find more detail on any of these or to learn about the unit operations not
discussed here, check out the Computer Based Training (CBT) Courses available on the AspenTech support website.
Unit Operation Block Name Tab

Classifier Classifier Solids
Crusher Crusher Solids
Crystallizer Crystallizer Solids
Convective Dryer and Spray Dryer Dryer Solids
Granulator/Agglomerator Granulator Solids

Multi-stage Solids Waster and
CCD Solids
Counter Current Decanter
Screen Screen Solids
Single Stage Solids Washer Swash Solids
Centrifuge Cfuge Solids Separators
Cyclone Cyclone Solids Separators
Electrostatic Precipitator ESP Solids Separators
Fabric Filter FabFl Solids Separators
Filter Filter Solids Separators
Hydrocyclone HyCyc Solids Separators
Venturi Scrubber Vscrub Solids Separators
Fluidized Bed FluidBed Solids
Solids Conveying Pipe & Pipeline Pressure Changers
Table 2: Solids unit operations in Aspen Plus
5
The Model Palette

To open the Model Palette, click the Model Palette button in the Show group on the View tab (Figure 7). There are
two tabs on the palette that contain solid unit operations, the Solids tab and the Solids Separators tab (Figure 8).
Figure 7: The Model Palette button
Figure 8: The solids model palettes – Solids (top), Solids Separators (middle), and Pressure Changers (bottom)
Dryer
There are two ways to model a dryer in Aspen Plus: shortcut dryer and convective dryer. There is also an option to
model a Spray Dryer in Aspen Plus. Please see the section below. In order to switch types, use the dropdown menu on the
Specifications tab for the dryer (Figure 9). The shortcut dryer allows you to model the unit operation with a minimum of
information and can be used for any type of dryer. The convective model requires additional material streams for input and
output of a drying gas (Figure 10) and requires more information. This is the more rigorous model.
Figure 9: Select dryer type

6
Figure 10: Material streams for convective dryer model - red indicates a required stream, while blue indicates an optional stream
There are a number of self-guided examples pertaining to modeling dryers in Aspen Plus available on aspenONE
Exchange. Examples include a belt dryer, fluidized bed dryer, mill dryer, flash dryer, and a batch dryer.
Spray Dryer
The Spray Dryer model is found in the Dryer block and allows you to model a wide range of industrial spray
dryers. The model is based on single droplet drying kinetics and does not consider the coalescence of droplets or the
agglomeration of particles. The model considers multiple aspects of the spray dryer including atomization, droplet
movement, drying, and particle formulation.
Under the atomization tab (Figure 11), users have the ability to specify the type of model used for the droplet size
distribution, including a built-in atomization model.
Figure 11: Atomization can be specified with the atomization tab of the Spray Dryer unit operation
The droplet movement is considered as downward fall and the equation of motion is derived from a force balance with
ignores lift. The model considers the first (constant drying rate) and the second (falling drying rate) period. The second
drying rate is described by use of a normalized drying curve. The normalized drying curve can be defined as tabular data
or by use of a drying curve function. Particle formulation starts after the moisture content of the particle reaches the
critical moisture content. Particle formulation can either be described with a solid particle model or with a porous particle
model.
7
Solid Particle
Droplet Wet Particle e

kag
rin
Sh
Ideal
Const
Diameter
Porous Particle
Ideal
Shrinkage
Xcrit
1st Drying Stage 2nd Drying Stage
Figure 12: After critical moisture is met, the particle can either shrink in diameter to a solid particle or maintain a constant diameter and become
a porous particle
There is self-guided example pertaining to modeling a spray dryer in Aspen Plus available on aspenONE Exchange.
Crystallizer
The crystallization block allows you to model steady-state crystallization. To do so, you can choose between
three different calculation methods: solubility, chemistry, and user subroutine (Figure 13).
Figure 13: The crystallizer form: input calculation method and operating mode
Each method requires a different set of input parameters, allowing you to choose how to calculate based on available
property and operating information.
8
Granulator
The granulator block allows you to model the growth of particles by either granulation or agglomeration. In
addition to this, the block has a shortcut model that allows you to define the outlet PSD (conceptual/short-cut model).
Table 3 summarizes the minimum stream requirements for each of these options. If you include a gas stream, your model
becomes a fluidized bed granulator and you cannot use either of the shortcut methods.
Table 3: Granulator methods and their associated stream requirements
If you select particle growth by granulation, there are two available calculation models: mixed and plug flow. In mixed, all
parameters are independent of position, whereas in plug flow, size is dependent on position. Both models assume:
• Steady state process

• All particles are spherical
• The suspension and particles are homogeneous
• The solid concentration of the suspension is constant
In the case of a fluidized bed granulator, solids may be entrained by the fluidizing gas. To consider this, you must add a
fluidization gas stream to the block and specify the cross-sectional area of the granulator and the ‘separation sharpness’
(Figure 14).
Figure 14: Specify elutriation parameters for a fluidized bed granulator
9
There are self-guided examples for modeling granulation and agglomeration in Aspen Plus available on aspenONE
Exchange.
Crusher
You can model a variety of crushers and mills with the crusher block. Aspen Plus provides three methods to
determine the outlet PSD:
• Use an equipment model (e.g. hammer mill)
• Determine outlet PSD from a power and distribution function
• Define outlet PSD by use of a distribution function or tabular data
If you want to use an equipment model, you must choose the equipment type and provide the necessary geometry and
operating parameters (Figure 15).
Figure 15: Specify crusher type
For a first estimate, it might be sufficient to specify the outlet size distribution or determine it based on the comminution
power. If you wish to use a comminution power, you must provide a Bond work index on the Grindability tab and specify if
you wish to use Bond’s, Rittinger’s, or Kick’s law to calculate it (Figure 16). Table 4 summarizes the appropriate situations
for each law.
Table 4: Determine the appropriate comminution law
10
Figure 16: Specify comminution law and bond work index for a crusher
You can define the outlet PSD by using either distribution functions or by using tabular data.
Figure 17: Specify outlet PSD using tabular data for a crusher
There is a self-guided example for modeling crushing and screen potassium chloride in Aspen Plus available on aspenONE
Exchange.
11
Screen
Aspen Plus allows you to model multi-deck screens. When creating a screen block, you must include outlet
overflow (coarse material) and underflow (fine material) streams. You also have the option of adding up to nine midsize
streams. Once you have added the appropriate number of material streams. You must fill out the stream specification
matrix. Aspen Plus will automatically provide the appropriate number of screen decks to accommodate the desired
number of outlet streams (Figure 18).
Figure 18: Screen specification matrix
The classification of the particles on each screen deck is described by a selection function (e.g. Plitt, Rogers, Molerus etc.).
In addition, you can also specify outlet fines or calculate the fish-hook effect using the Whiten model, by filling out the
appropriate parameters on the matrix.
Fluidized Bed
The fluidized bed model in Aspen Plus allows you to model reactions, fluid mechanics, and the interaction of
both—as well as the entrainment of particles. It also considers the geometry of the vessel, any additional gas supply, and
the impact of heat exchangers on the bed temperature and fluid mechanics. With these features, you can determine the
minimum fluidization velocity, the transport disengagement height, and the entrainment of solids from the bed. The
fluidized bed model (Figure 19) considers two zones in the vessel, the bottom zone or dense bed and the freeboard,
allowing you to determine the bubble related profiles in the bottom zone and the entrainment of solids in the freeboard.
Figure 19: To the left is a schematic of the two zones within the fluidized bed and to the right is the corresponding solids holdup as a function of
reactor height
12
Chemical reactions can be considered in the fluidized bed including changes in the PSD due to reactions. The reactions are
defined in the reactions form for the simulation and can be further described with solids information by clicking the solids
button (Figure 20).
Figure 20: For reactions involving solid phases, a solids form,

accessed in the reactions tab, allows the user to specify which
phases the reactants are in
There are self-guided examples for modeling fluidization including a fluidized bed reactor in Aspen Plus available on
aspenONE Exchange.
Conveying
Pneumatic conveying is used to transport powdered and granular solid material over short and long
distances. This can be described by using the pipe or pipeline blocks that can be found on the Pressure Changers tab in
the model palette of Aspen Plus. Both the pipe and the pipeline block allow you to model dilute and dense phase
conveying of granular solids. In general, dilute phase has a lower solids loading and a lower pressure drop but the velocity
at which the solids travel through the pipe needs to be relatively fast to avoid saltation or clogging. With dense phase
conveying, solids are transported in dunes or slugs at low velocities and high pressure.
Conveying lines can be operated in pressure or suction mode, depending on the positioning of the blower which is
responsible for the pressure change (Figure 21).
There are self-guided

examples for
modeling
transportation of
solids by pneumatic
conveying in Aspen
Plus available on
aspenONE Exchange.
Figure 21: Users can see the pressure, elevation, and velocity as a function of the pipeline length
13
Analysis
Results Summaries
Two quick ways to obtain information about your model are the model and stream summaries. The model summary,
accessible from the Model Summary button in the Summary group on the Home tab, (Figure 22), provides information on
the input parameters and operating conditions for every block in your process. It is organized by unit operation, therefore
all of the blocks of a common type are summarized on the same tab (Figure 23).
Figure 22: The Model Summary button
Figure 23: The model summary form
Tips and Tricks: Blue parameters in the model summary are user inputs and can be changed
directly in the form.
The stream summary displays all of the information available on each of the streams in the model. It is accessible from the
Stream Summary button in the Summary group on the Home tab. When viewing the summary you have the option of
viewing all streams, or restricting your view to selected streams. To choose, select the appropriate option from the
“Display” dropdown in the upper left corner (Figure 24).
14
Figure 24: The stream summary – Choose to see either all streams or selected streams
To find information on streams that contain solid materials, it is important to scroll down the summary matrix until you
reach the item that says “*** ALL PHASES ***.” Complete data for streams containing solids will only be available below
this row (Figure 25).
Figure 25: Scroll down to *** ALL PHASES *** to find data on streams containing solid materials
Additionally, you can filter what type of data is shown in the stream results by selecting a category from the “Format”
dropdown menu (next to the “Display” dropdown). To view the particle size distribution of each stream in tabular form,
select “SOLIDS.”
15
Tips and Tricks: Data from the matrices provided by the model and stream summaries can
easily be highlighted and then copied and pasted directly into Microsoft Excel.
Plots
There are a variety of plots that you can create to visually analyze your data (PSD, Separation Efficiency, etc.). To generate
a plot, open the form for a unit operation or material stream and select the appropriate button from the Plot group on the
Home Tab. Note that you may have to scroll down to reach the desired button. You can also view all the available plot
types by clicking the down arrow below the scroll bar (Figure 26). To determine what type of information is displayed on
each plot, hover over the button.
Figure 26: Select the desired type of plot
Bear in mind, different types of unit operations and material streams are conducive to generating different kinds of plots.
For example, you cannot generate PSD plots unless solids are present.
Note: You can only generate plots if you have run the simulation and obtained results.
Activated Economics
While developing a design, you can utilize activated economics to explore different configurations and options to choose
the most cost effective design. With activate analysis, you can explore priliminary cost analysis with the click of a button
and explore the costs associated with each step by hovering over the unit after running activated economics (Figure 27).
Figure 27: Economic Analysis was done for the crushing section of this process to determine a first estimate of the cost of the project
16
Additional Resources
For further information on solids process modeling with Aspen Plus please consult:
Public Website:
http://www.aspentech.com/
Support Website:
The support website provides an extensive and growing knowledge base as well as Computer Based Training (CBT)
Courses
http://support.aspentech.com/webteamasp/My/FrameDef.asp?/webteamasp/My/product.asp?id1=4&id2=''&id3=all
Example Files:
Click the Examples button on the Get Started tab when you open Aspen Plus to see some out of the box simulations.
Using aspenONE Exchange or the support website, you can also access self-guided examples, which include both an
example simulation and a step-by-step guide to work through the example. These self-guided examples can also be
accessed here: http://www.aspentech.com/October_2013_solids_modeling_demo_AT/.
17
About AspenTech
AspenTech is a leading supplier of software that optimizes process manufacturing—for energy, chemicals,
engineering and construction, and other industries that manufacture and produce products from a
chemical process. With integrated aspenONE® solutions, process manufacturers can implement best
practices for optimizing their engineering, manufacturing, and supply chain operations. As a result,
AspenTech customers are better able to increase capacity, improve margins, reduce costs, and become
more energy efficient. To see how the world’s leading process manufacturers rely on AspenTech to
achieve their operational excellence goals, visit www.aspentech.com.
Worldwide Headquarters
Aspen Technology, Inc.
20 Crosby Drive
Bedford, MA 01730
United States
phone: +1–781–221–6400
fax: +1–781–221–6410
info@aspentech.com
Regional Headquarters
Houston, TX | USA
phone: +1–281–584–1000
São Paulo | Brazil
phone: +55–11–3443–6261
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phone: +44–(0)–1189–226400
Singapore | Republic of Singapore
phone: +65–6395–3900
Manama | Bahrain
phone: +973–17–50–3000
© 2014 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech®, aspenONE®, the aspenONE® logo, the Aspen leaf logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen For a complete list of offices, please visit
Technology, Inc. All rights reserved. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. 11-5035-0414 www.aspentech.com/locations

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Version Date of Release Features

Specifying Solid Components

Figure 1: Specify a stream as solid

Figure 2: New property specification

Figure 3: Specify properties for desired compounds

Specifying Stream Class

Figure 4: Specify stream class

Particle Size Distribution Meshes

Figure 5: Create PSD mesh

Figure 6: Generate additional PSD meshes

Unit Operation Block Name Tab

Crusher Crusher Solids

Crystallizer Crystallizer Solids

Convective Dryer and Spray Dryer Dryer Solids

Granulator/Agglomerator Granulator Solids

Single Stage Solids Washer Swash Solids

Centrifuge Cfuge Solids Separators

Cyclone Cyclone Solids Separators

Electrostatic Precipitator ESP Solids Separators

Fabric Filter FabFl Solids Separators

Filter Filter Solids Separators

Hydrocyclone HyCyc Solids Separators

Venturi Scrubber Vscrub Solids Separators

Fluidized Bed FluidBed Solids

Solids Conveying Pipe & Pipeline Pressure Changers

Table 2: Solids unit operations in Aspen Plus

The Model Palette

Figure 7: The Model Palette button

Figure 9: Select dryer type

Droplet Wet Particle e

1st Drying Stage 2nd Drying Stage

Table 3: Granulator methods and their associated stream requirements

• Steady state process

Figure 14: Specify elutriation parameters for a fluidized bed granulator

Figure 15: Specify crusher type

Table 4: Determine the appropriate comminution law

Figure 18: Screen specification matrix

Figure 20: For reactions involving solid phases, a solids form,

There are self-guided

Figure 22: The Model Summary button

Figure 23: The model summary form

Figure 26: Select the desired type of plot

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