Final Assessment/ Evaluation

1st Trail (2019-2020)

Answer Sheet

No. Activity No. Mark Written Signature

10

Total

Out of
[ Section 1: To be filled by the student]
Department: Software Engineering
Student Full Name: Bahoz Ali Hassan
Stage/ Year: 3th/2019-2020
Course Title: Data communication

[ Section 2: To be filled by the Examiner and the Exam Committee]

Examiner name:
Date:
Exam committee member name and signature:

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 Final Assessment/ Evaluation
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Answer Sheet

)‫پەڕاوی واڵمەکان‬: ‫(ڕێنمایی‬

.‫مامۆستای بابەت پێویستە ئەم تێمپلێتە لەگەڵ داواکارییەکانی هەڵسەنگاندنەکان بنێرێت بۆ خوێندکار‬ -1
( ‫ی‬$$‫ی س‬$$‫ەش س‬$$‫ەيڵى ب‬$$‫ دەبێت ئيم‬،‫دکار‬$$‫ۆ خوێن‬$$‫ە ب‬$$‫ەم تێمپلیەت‬$$‫ەنگاندنەکان و ئ‬$$‫ەکانی هەلس‬$$‫اردنی داواکاریی‬$$‫مامۆستای بابەت لە کاتی ن‬ -2
.‫) دەکات‬feng.dswe@koyauniversity.org
( ‫ە‬$$‫ەوە ب‬$$‫دکار والمبدات‬$$‫تە خوێن‬$$‫دکار پێویس‬$$‫ە خوێن‬$$‫توە ب‬$$‫ە گەیش‬$$‫ەم تێمپلێەت‬$$‫ەنگاندن و ئ‬$$‫ەکانی هەڵس‬$$‫ەوەی داواکاریی‬$$‫ابوون ل‬$$‫ۆ دلنی‬$$‫ب‬ -3
. )Received
.‫خوێندکار پێویستە زانیاریەکانی خانەی خوێندکار پر بکاتەوە لەم تێمپلێتە‬ -4
.‫گشت واڵمەکان بۆ هەموو شیوازەکانی هەلسەنگاندن دەبێت لەسەر ئەم تێمپلێتە والمبدریتەوە‬ -5
‫تە‬$‫ەوە پێویس‬$‫د ئ‬$‫هت‬.. ‫ارت‬$‫ئەگەر والمەکان نەدەکرا بە شێوازی کۆمپیوتەری تایپ بکرێت وەک هاوکێشەکان یان دەستنیشان کردنی چ‬ -6
‫ە‬$$‫ە ل‬$$‫خویندکار دوای نووسینی والمەکان لەسەر الپەرەیەک یان چەند الپەڕەیەک وینەی والمەکان بگڕێت و هەر الپەڕەیەک وەک وێن‬
.‫الپەڕەیەکی ئەم تێمپلێتە دابنێت‬
‫ۆی‬$$‫اوەی ب‬$$‫خویندکار بە هەردوو شیوازی ۆرد و پی دی ئێف واڵمەکانی لەسەر ئەم تێمپلیتە دەگەڕنێتەوە بۆ مامۆستای بابەت ولەو م‬ -7
‫) سي سي بكات‬feng.dswe@koyauniversity.org( ‫ و دەبێت ئيمەيڵى بەش‬،‫دیاری دەکریت بە پێی خشتەی هەڵسەنگاندنەکان‬
.)Received( ‫مامۆستای بابەت لە کاتی وەرگرتنی واڵمەکان بۆ دڵنیا بوون واڵمی خویندکار دەداتەوە بە‬ -8
‫ هاتوو لە خانەی نمرەکان دەنووسێت لە ڤێرژنی ۆردی والمەکان و‬$‫مامۆستای بابەت هەڵەچنین بۆ والمەکان دەکات و نمرەی بە دەست‬ -9
.‫واژوویان دەکات‬
‫مامۆستای بابەت بە شیوازی پی دی ئێف ئەم تێملێتە دوای دانانی نمرەکان دەنێرێت بۆ لێژنەی تاقیکردنەوەکان‬ -10
‫ە‬$‫ت ل‬$‫ و دوای وردبینی کردنی واژووی لەسەر دەکات ودوای تەواو کردنی کاری پیویس‬$‫ئەندامی لیژنەی تاقیکردنەوەکان پرنتی دەکات‬ -11
.‫لیژنەی تاقیرکدنەوەکان هەڵدەگیریت‬

)Hints: The answer sheet(

1- The course tutor/instructor to send the materials (this answer sheet template and the evaluation
topics/questions) to the student.
2- When the materials sent both the department head and the exam committee of the department to be
copied.
3- To make sure that the student has received the materials, the student has to reply (Received).
4- The student has to fill the information in the section 1 of this template.
5- For all kinds of evaluation, the answers should be on this template.
6- In case of the answers that need to be written by hand (i.e. cannot be typed electronically), the student
need to take pictures of his/her answer and insert them as images to this template.
7- The student has to return his/her answers in both word and PDF format of this template within the
allowed time based on the evaluation/assessment time tables.
8- When the answers received from the student the course tutor/ instructor will reply (received).
9- After marking the answers, the course tutor/ instructor will fill the marks in section 2 of the word
version of this template and sign them.
10- The answer sheets after marking and converted to PDF it will be sent to the exam committee.
11- The exam committee member of the department will print the answer sheet out and after checking/
processing it will be signed as in the section 2 and it will be kept in the exam committee office for their
record.

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 Final Assessment/ Evaluation
1st Trail (2019-2020)
Answer Sheet

Bluetooth Technology

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Answer Sheet

1-Introduction:____________________________________________________________________________5
2-History of Bluetooth:_____________________________________________________________________6
3-How Bluetooth works:____________________________________________________________________7
4-Advantages and disadvantages Bluetooth:__________________________________________________8
 4.1-Advantages:_____________________________________________________________________8
 4.2-disadvantages___________________________________________________________________8
5-Bluetooth technology security:____________________________________________________________9
6-Bluetooth Topology:____________________________________________________________________10
6.1-Piconet_____________________________________________________________________________10
6.2-Scatternet__________________________________________________________________________10
7-Bluetooth or Wi-Fi______________________________________________________________________11
8-Conclusion:____________________________________________________________________________12
9-Reference:_____________________________________________________________________________13

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Answer Sheet

1-Introduction:

Bluetooth is a wireless communication standard that enables the contact and interaction of
electronic devices with each other. This can be used in a range of products, from smartphones to
laptops and more, Bluetooth doesn't depend on Wi-Fi, or mobile data or a cell network: as long as
devices are compatible with Bluetooth, and connected to each other, they will engage in wireless,
two-way communication. There's a good chance these days that Bluetooth technology is a regular
part of your mobile experience. This includes everything from audio to portable headphones and
speakers, to the combination of gaming controllers and keyboards, and internet access
Connections, and even the transfer of data over the air sometimes. It's a function that becomes
more useful each year, which is very surprising considering how fairly small its reach was when
it was produced more than 20 years ago.

Or A wireless system that uses radio waves for communication purposes. It has the capability to
communicate with many different devices at once without interface. It is an open standard for
short-range transmission of digital voice and the data support from point to point and multiplier
to point applications. It has a short-range radio link and the price is also low. When two
Bluetooth devices are in a 50 meters’ range, then they have the connection probability. When the
Bluetooth is cut, the cord is used in digital devices. It operates with the speed of 2.45 GHz, which
is available in all cases and it has some variations in location and bandwidth. For mobile phones
and business users, the range is set at 10 to 100 meters. It is possible to increase the range.

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Answer Sheet

2-History of Bluetooth:

In 1988 the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) was formed, which to this day publishes and
promotes the standard and its subsequent revisions. Bluetooth SIG initially only included
Ericsson, IBM, Intel, Nokia, and Toshiba, but reached 4,000 members by the end of its first year.
The group now contains over 30,000 member companies at various levels of influence.

The first consumer Bluetooth launched in 1999. It was a hands-free mobile headset which earned
the technology the “Best of Show Technology Award” at COMDEX. The Bluetooth 1.0
specification also officially launched that year, leading to the release of the first Bluetooth-
equipped chipsets, dongles, mice, wireless PC cards, and mobile phone in 2000. The first
Bluetooth mobile phone was the Sony Ericsson T36, but it was the revised T39 model which
actually made it to store shelves in 2001. It offered customers a 101 x 54 Monochrome LCD
display, tri-band GSM connectivity, WAP internet, and enough memory to store up to 1,000
contacts.

Figure 1:speed and range of Bluetooth have evolved over time.

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 Final Assessment/ Evaluation
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Answer Sheet

3-How Bluetooth works:

Bluetooth works by sending information over ultra-high-frequency radio waves and operates
within the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands. It works between the 2.4 and
2.485 GHz frequencies, much like many Wi-Fi devices do, which can create problems with
interference when both technologies are running simultaneously or if multiple devices are
operating within the same area.

Where Wi-Fi operates asymmetrically (with a singular access point and multiple devices)
Bluetooth typically works symmetrically, with one Bluetooth device connecting to another.
Although up to eight devices can be connected on a single personal area network (PAN), in the
case of smartphones, it typically means connecting two handsets together for file transfers, or
one smartphone and a Bluetooth speaker, When Bluetooth-enabled devices are close enough,
they can connect with each other through a tiny computer chip inside them that emits the special
Bluetooth radio waves. But first, you have to turn on this chip, which you can usually do by
pressing a specific button or flipping a marked switch. Then, the communication between the two
Bluetooth devices happens over a short-range network called a piconet (Pico means really small
in the metric system). This piconet is essentially a network of Bluetooth connected devices. If
you’ve connected your computer to a Bluetooth-enabled keyboard, monitor, mouse and speakers,
all these devices will form their own Bluetooth piconet. But they won’t be talking to each other
individually. One device — in this case the computer — will be the main device with which all the
others are connected.

Unlike Wi-Fi, Bluetooth connections do not use up your cellular data package because they aren’t
transmitting data over the airwaves in the same way. Bluetooth is exclusively device to device
transmission with no intermediaries.

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Answer Sheet

4-Advantages and disadvantages Bluetooth:

All we know a lot of (application or technology) has some bad and good properties, sometime
its better use Bluetooth sometime in some siltation it is not good to use Bluetooth, so we will
use other technology such as Wi-Fi…

 4.1-Advantages:
o It avoids interference from other wireless devices.
o It has lower power consumption.
o It is easily upgradeable.
o It has range better than Infrared communication.
o The Bluetooth is used for voice and data transfer.
o Bluetooth devices are available at very cheap cost.
o No line of sight hence can connect through any obstacles.
o Free to use if the device is installed with Bluetooth.
o The technology is adopted in many products such as head set, in car system, printer,
web cam, GPS system, keyboard and mouse.

 4.2-disadvantages 

o It can lose connection in certain conditions.

o It has low bandwidth as compared to Wi-Fi.
o It allows only short range communication between devices.
o Security is a very key aspect as it +can be hacked.

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Answer Sheet

5-Bluetooth technology security:

Wireless is always less secure than wired communication. Remember how old spy films used to
show secret agents tapping into telephone wires to overhear people's conversations? Cracking
wired communication is relatively difficult. Eavesdropping on wireless is obviously much easier
because information is zapping back and forth through the open air. All you have to do is be in
range of a wireless transmitter to pick up its signals. Wireless Internet networks are encrypted
(use scrambled communications) to get around this problem.

How secure is Bluetooth? Like Wi-Fi, communications are encrypted too and there are numerous
other security features. You can restrict certain devices so they can talk only to certain other,
trusted devices—for example, allowing your cellphone to be operated only by your Bluetooth
hands-free headset and no-one else's. This is called device-level security. You can also restrict the
things that different Bluetooth gadgets can do with other devices using what's called service-level
security.

Criminals get more sophisticated all the time; you've probably heard about blue bugging (people
taking over your Bluetooth device without your knowledge), blue jacking (where people send
messages to other people's devices, often for advertising purposes), and blue snarfing
(downloading information from someone else's device using a Bluetooth connection) and
doubtless there are more ways of hacking into Bluetooth networks still to come. Generally,
though, providing you take reasonable and sensible precautions if you use Bluetooth devices in
public places, security shouldn't worry you too much.

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Answer Sheet

6-Bluetooth Topology:

6.1-Piconet

2 or more Bluetooth devices form a piconet.

o Connected device can be master or slave.
o master can connect to max. 7 slaves per piconet simultaneously.
A specific hopping sequence using all 79 RF channels is used for the
Connection.
In forming a piconet, master gives slave its clock and device ID
o Unique hopping pattern for each piconet.
o all devices in a piconet hop together.
o Each piconet has a maximum gross data rate of 1 Mbit/s.

6.2-Scatternet

2 or more piconets form a scatternet.

Bluetooth devices can share different
Piconets.

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Answer Sheet

7-Bluetooth or Wi-Fi

People often get confused by Bluetooth and Wi-Fi because, at first sight, they seem to do similar
things. In fact, they're very different. Bluetooth is mainly used for linking computers and
electronic devices in an ad-hoc way over very short distances, often for only brief or occasional
communication using relatively small amounts of data. It's relatively secure, uses little power,
and connects automatically. Wi-Fi is designed to shuttle much larger amounts of data between
computers and the Internet, often over much greater distances. It can involve more elaborate
security and it generally uses much higher power. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are complementary
technologies, not rivals, and you can easily use both together to make your electronic gadgets
work more conveniently for you!

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Answer Sheet

8-Conclusion:

Though Bluetooth is one of the greatest success in the wireless communication world, still it has
not been able to finalize the problem completely, And It is optimized by design for WPANs,
whereas IEEE 802.11is optimized by design WLAN, Bluetooth supports the physical link between
devices forming a piconet, which is a network of devices connected in an ad hoc fashion (a
piconet can support up to eight devices). It was developed to replace cables between small
personal devices (PADs, cell phones, and so on) As such, it is optimized for short range, low
power voice and data communication. The Bluetooth SIG (http://wwwbluetooth .com) is driving
development of the technology and bringing it to market. The SIG is comprised of
telecommunications, computing, network, consumer electronics industry leaders and includes
promoter group companies 3Com Corporation, Ericsson Technology Licensing AB, IBM
Corporation, Intel Corporation, Agree Systems, Microsoft Corporation, Motorola, Nokia
Corporation, Toshiba Corporation, as well as hundreds of associate and adopter member
companies.

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9-Reference:

 Minoli, D., 2003. Telecommunications Technology Handbook. 2nd ed. Boston, Mass.:
Artech House, google scholar.
 Muller, N., 2001. Bluetooth Demystified. 1st ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Telecom.
 Bray, J. and Sturman, C., 2002. Bluetooth. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall.
 Townsend, K., Cufí, C. and Davidson, R., 2014. Getting Started With Bluetooth Low Energy.
4th ed. O'Reilly.
 McGhee, B., 2019. What Is Bluetooth And How Do I Use It? | Androidpit. [online]
AndroidPIT. Available at: <https://www.androidpit.com/what-is-bluetooth#what>
[Accessed 4 July 2020].
 Triggs, R., 2018. A Quick History Of Bluetooth. [online] Android Authority. Available at:
<https://www.androidauthority.com/history-bluetooth-explained-846345/> [Accessed 4
July 2020].
 Martindale, J., 2019. [online] Digitaltrends.com. Available at:
<https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/what-is-bluetooth/> [Accessed 4 July 2020].
 Ferrara, J., 2016. How Do Bluetooth Devices Work? | Scienceline. [online] Scienceline.
Available at: <https://scienceline.org/2016/04/how-do-bluetooth-devices-work/>
[Accessed 4 July 2020].
 Editor, T., 2017. Advantages And Disadvantages Of Bluetooth - Polytechnic Hub. [online]
Polytechnic Hub. Available at: <https://www.polytechnichub.com/advantages-
disadvantages-bluetooth/> [Accessed 4 July 2020].

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