Professional Documents
Culture Documents
JasmiKA2007 GuruCemerlangdalamSekolahBerkesan PDF
JasmiKA2007 GuruCemerlangdalamSekolahBerkesan PDF
net/publication/293097497
CITATIONS READS
3 1,797
2 authors:
Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:
All content following this page was uploaded by Kamarul Azmi Jasmi on 25 April 2016.
Suggested Citation:
Jasmi, K. A. & Tamuri, A. H. (2007). Guru Cemerlang dalam Sekolah Berkesan in Seminar
Pendidikan Kebangsaan Halatuju dan Masa Depan Pendidikan Negara at Auditorium
Pendidikan Fakulti Pendidikan Universiti Malaya pada on 22-23 Ogos 2007, Jabatan
Pengurusan Perancangan dan Dasar Pendidikan Fakulti Pendidikan, Universiti Malaya,
pp 1-15.
Abstrak
Antara elemen yang boleh membantu menjadikan sesebuah sekolah itu berkesan ialah sekolah yang
memiliki guru yang bersifat cemerlang. Ini kerana guru yang cemerlang ini membantu meningkatkan
lagi proses perkongsian inovasi pengajaran dan pembelajaran kepada guru-guru yang lain. Dengan
ini mereka boleh memberikan nilai tambah kepada rakan-rakan setugas melalui perkongsian maklumat
inovasi tersebut di samping mampu membantu dalam melicinkan lagi jentera pentadbiran sekolah
dalam bidang pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Justeru, dalam kertas kerja ini, perbincangan akan ditumpukan
kepada definisi guru cemerlang; latar belakang pengurusan guru cemerlang di Malaysia; ciri serta
peranan mereka di sekolah dan di luar sekolah. Pengetahuan ini diharap dapat membantu pihak
pentadbiran sekolah untuk menerapkan ciri-ciri kecemerlangan guru di sekolah seterusnya meningkatkan
lagi keberkesanan sekolah.
23435678749
25
9
85
79
5747
5
0
5551105
51.5
0000!0"#0
$%&0'(##0)*0
0
555
-515-5105
+(0(0
$%&0,!0)*0
0
-./0125
0
34567689:9;948<64=8>?:9@8;9;>645A8;94B6CDE648F9F9>A6@8F9E?:6@8D5A8
>97E9F648D6:6@8F9E?:6@8<64=8;9;D:DED8=A7A8<64=8>97FDG658H9;97:64=I8J4D8
E976468=A7A8<64=8H9;97:64=8D4D8;9;>645A8;94D4=E65E648:6=D8K7?F9F8
K97E?4=FD648D4?L6FD8K94=6B67648C648K9;>9:6B67648E9K6C68=A7AM=A7A8
<64=8:6D4I8N94=648D4D8;979E68>?:9@8;9;>97DE6484D:6D856;>6@8E9K6C68
76E64M76E648F95A=6F8;9:6:AD8K97E?4=FD648;6E:A;658D4?L6FD8597F9>A58CD8
F6;KD4=8;6;KA8;9;>645A8C6:6;8;9:DHD4E648:6=D8B9459768K9456C>D7648
F9E?:6@8C6:6;8>DC64=8K94=6B67648C648K9;>9:6B6764I8OAF597AP8C6:6;8
E9756F8E97B68D4DP8K97>D4H64=6486E648CD5A;KAE648E9K6C68C9GD4DFD8=A7A8
H9;97:64=Q8:65678>9:6E64=8K94=A7AF648=A7A8H9;97:64=8CD8R6:6<FD6Q8HD7D8
F97568K9764648;979E68CD8F9E?:6@8C648CD8:A678F9E?:6@I8S94=956@A648D4D8
CD@676K8C6K658;9;>645A8KD@6E8K9456C>D7648F9E?:6@8A45AE8;94976KE648
HD7DMHD7D8E9H9;97:64=648=A7A8CD8F9E?:6@8F9597AF4<68;94D4=E65E648:6=D8
E9>97E9F64648F9E?:6@I8
0
T727
9
5
'&0&0U&0&V(00W0!&0((0V(0*0
V&((0#X0,&0&0)*0V0X01YYZ[0\W00
!&0((0(0V&(X0V(0&0X(0&0*0
(!&(0(0*0000&!0V&#]#0(&0
^,&0&0)*0^,)_0̀0[[a01_[00b0V&!U00]0
0U&0&0U&0 0(&0(&00(0 V(0 X0 &00
V0V(0V(0!0!U(0U&0*&X0]0̀
U&0̀&X00&!(0&0U&00)*[0
0
7cdd
d5
56d4d523435678749
255
e&00f@98g4H<H:?K9CD68?G8gCAH65D?40^hX#0i[j[01Yk1_0 !0!0
596H@97P80##0*0*(0V&00(X&0V&0!U0
00&0((0l0(WV000!&X!00V&*0
[0m*00V&(0&00!W0(0#&0*0&0(X0
(0*0!(0̀#�(V0V0(0*&(0&0U##X0
0000000(00000000000!00000000(000000000000000o0p0qr
n0'
000s00t0u0v0wp
00sxrxrytsvzp{ts|}ttsv~ttvxtsvt}tvp
tsvwpsxrxrytsvp|tut0!&V00
#&0(0+(0(0$%&0)*0V0l0#0k[0&0\!0&0&U00
h&0(0+(0(0̀$%&0)*[0
0 1
2345363704724809
7360
337
3303703805
08
373024530
3704402
530
69706
7370
330380353903330304530440644806
7370
330
2530 !"0#!#0##!0"$!06370%&&!'(35)*34+0360,--./00740
1376+40,--2/035)*360133,/035)435533801336/07
0170133./0083590
1339:0; !"'9
74420;%<';"=&>='&?@#!$$>'A'&?@%&!'(7
0170
133.:0
330370370
237473
309
7330
53306
7370932539320
9
7
63063709
766809
8306
73706683703853804633063708
9333832370
370380138730 !"'370
B8003635309
44808
363087
03706338370
8
3630440
9
5370370
8
3703702
606336308
27370
360370
695808
53337083
630
733370370647383708
333709
44683708590
6370
7352058063303703809
947308
383370
2309
94730
8
8337063708
93943709
943208
424370B
7350(0835901339:0
137383530!#0635390&!"C'&?D#0363530633630832303830#'9
4480
8
36303709
73303705370330
3630323409
53206
7370B320
3630(070
137+40,--2:0138730!#'703705
0
B804530353087
03709
4480
8
36304403709
73409
766809
9
724809
99709
7373909
740
9
7209
744837038538094530657027830538403306370
54403630
370635390
9733706370
9374737060330
5330(0835901339:07440430
6
420
330##!0370
938460
3703709
7423938370
7668370370
9
7783283702
70330
5330
7308
783208
64370370
330E430
3709
74239383708
273704473708
933383237063708
93437060372330
3930937430(7
0170133.:0F7
0703705
09
7
5440
330
370
440370
373704724809
73309
9
383709
74383708303370
9
766809
73309
744063709
9
5330B230330
5330
53709
9448038320
63708
5
370370
44606
7370
374)3740
53306
73708
93237370370
63305
09
830(0835901339:0F7
094604530635390G!=#'&?%D!C'(35)
*360133,:0
938460440370
237473
304724809
93764063709
9
0
2474808
3630330
5337306336308
3237063708
9473370
B7070430
68705
07
0170(133.:03709
7323837033
30"$!'
330440370
9
74748837035370370544063709
73483708
32370330
533730;"$!'430
644808
36303703709
937240330
5337309
9
+38370372330370
730
63703703530
53709
9
724808
03303306403702706370
37370640
370
5306
73709353320330
533730637093533208
766837730138460
##!03705
0
B8035309
44808
36303
808
97370440635390580
63304724809
73309
733209
73309
997063709
9
0
247480
8
3630330
53308
0330
9
72483706370
9374737039370
90370
72
5
806370350
7309
73607370530(0835901339:0F3593023380440
6353903330303240%&&!0
938460440370
237473
3009
9730
3830463303706370
70330
533730(7
0170133.:0;%&&!070
9
74420083590(1339:09
44808
363087
06370
373704406353905806330
4724809
9
23409
73309
9763063709
73938370
5330
0938549320
657063705940
7
2334708
3630330
533730393036309
53540532370333700
32340
3370
72480
7333703706373700
4
63383706
B7037067378370
33078304403530
370370
9
947308
27370
360
8306
73708
53337083
630
7333706370
9
533370530939409
446837085906370
735205806330370380
230
0 1
2324567890
348
8860
3
3
84860860
328245860232580
3455860439680
786038656880236739808602386
86043688860860432388860
236880488043880368602882803896023239048658606898086043565
0
786089
023638
860
338860232865023238
86086880786036808607860
8802389023292960232545
08
8023696
8
86043690860369023686820
23675
90236990236755
86086023239880980233
803686099
8608690
8
8
08
98088058780860
328788
8860786089
038960950550580
23699
023685023688023238
860236
58
860
89087860882086
80
432365
860860432865686082869048804388089039082869032908690
9633
0860980 !"039680236890968607860368#368030
0$323860328
50396803
8878"03686038603
985860986#
32986096803
"03
890860236
84890
38788607860868089
0%36550
&8'88
90())1"08820*+,-*./0108880
32386023548
8602324*5688208880
7808892809690232456789028
507860328
82#28
820989509:;9++9<46
323860868089
08680289"610=40<>30=?91656503
"6=3@9/0A/6380
96902369690990390969"6A34=4*<10<>6
323860556043696023660
8820
38678"69:;9@40A<*+6580988"6B0/=4,/*496868089
"6B0/=4,;+*==6
380850
0 1
2345650787890
767036325
07503
25
02355076705
08587083
55
0
325
05
083
55802365083
525
05205
032755
05
05655
056550
3
5
08363590
767036325
0235707
55
0303
5056503
5
036850
!"#$$%&52039590'((')0*685
0+0,850'((-)0.3338/00100'((-)0
*5
/00100'((239043635036237705555076705
0438365
055503660
5655076705
036325
906
565
50550,380+0750%899'305
083
555
0
76705
036325
05083635055076705
08587083
56050355607
70
8355
0600235
5
03
5565
05
03835565
0836359043
7670*36
36/0
:3
2368543605
0;4562
0%'((-307505555076705
0438365
05
036750
525
503
25
035507505239062305
03658505
5083
3
703550
3
5565
05
03835565
05
0590<
03685270767036237083805
0
83
752502355052305
03675
055803
5565
05
03835565
023360
8387
5085055705=5/083
7
55
0833058505
056705
0355/0
83
75250205
7
5
05
055608357055
05
065205
05
>5
033675
0
3
5
9062305
0375075036852707670362370835707255
50
3
5565
05
03835565
503655083
525
03
4555
0438365
05650
3556
590?35505855
03655055
05
075083
7
75
055055
05
0
655005
565076705
03305
03
5565
05
033055807255083
5775
0
3
5
05
0367590@05
5650
5607670330550%A5570<25089923B00
0
%83C505580
55
05
036575
5)0
%'3C83
550365555
05
04565036555
)0
%D3C83
7
75
0652502850355023503556)0
%13C83
556083
70385875
03556)0
%-3C3
55
)0
%23C336502345650365275
)0
%E3C838705
083
555
03556)0
%F3C83
7
55
0355053505
03
355
055803
5565
)0
%93C5503550350632
5283)0
%8(3C4368505
04350
%883C858703677
0234565033)0
%8'3C50565
/038565/0275083833/083832565
06/028
/05
70
5
02725083
368503
55065
05
)0
%8D3C838025033
555
05
03083
368503
5505655056503556
5)0
5
0
%813C363
3575
02365023
5250367255083
58503
3575
5083
3
50
36385
5
03655670367585
5055805
03
03
5
90
0
?35
036325
/076705
0438365
07503
502355076705
043505570
GH00I350558065850.3
5
0235503055708587083525
55
0
232757075203
5
023876
505
043590,34355
08700558060232365
0
835708525/0385585
05
03
55
038565
036550257>25707525
90
,34355
035560558083
65038555
0565032550825
5030550
8357055
05
05
5023
50232757038565
03
56>3
560752590@5580
3835565
05525066504
5/05>70555
023550456505
036325
0
7
7083
555
034355
/00258
083
7
55
0552503623705580
0 1
23456789
069
05795049
59
05
0343
06990727
90!"#$%
&''()(03
*372929
07+7209
*29409*503
9895087
9202332989
033
9
*,0
5957-0
0
./01 3
27
5295039
903
239
20
.301 383
5
*2929
02378999
065
5069903
*7
709920
.401 3
*498729
0559072903
9
**7420
.601 39
59929
03*990927909
*096920
.101 3
794903
7
*7477
**7407
7203945
29
0563920
.801 3
**7
929
083
+99
9
083
*5069
0952039
902
39552069
00
.901 3
+95
0477
*9
09
*049
5063
*9
03790854920
0
:395
03
239
069
03298,0*7
7033
9
*0+7*9065*39
039*950*7
708929
0
;959405
506595069
58969083
2999
0)"<$!!!=)%>?59405
53
7+7202389690
83
65652069
083
*9+9
09970*7
709
*0945
069
032980699057083
*9+9
9
069
0
8339+9
9
90.903903@@320A
9
0B0;5903@@120C33*3,0!>=D>03@@120
A9
,0!>=D>03@@8000
:395
083
*29+509
9,083
*29+503899
,083
*7
7083
656529
069
032940650
E99590+7*903
89
69
*9
099063
*9
03
9
*06355
550*7
7033
9
*0E3
32900
3
*9
**980*7
7033
9
*,0*7
703
239
,0*7
703
27955069
0*7
708929
0379
90
9699405
50:39*950
40;33
3
59
0C39+9
9
0E99590.3@@9003
65
503940
3
6355
5529
0*7
7033
9
*039*950*7
709
*0387
95083
*39479
,023945
9
0
69
0238929
9
09
*05
**503
903
59903
6365295069
03
5F9506990399
929
0
7*9069
09
**7
*+9G9,02477
906990569
*083
*9+9
9
069
08339+9
9
0
C3
*9
940C3
656529
0C3
920H9I0J6
9
0?
9450.3@@6003
**99
29
0*7
70
33
9
*0969940*7
709
*03
279550;795509
*03406554903975083
*4959
0
9
9206565209
*033
9
*083
98959
09296352,0233
9859
069
0355250945940
9
*09520E3
3290+7*9098703
83
9
9
03945
29
0G9
*90
3*9
909
*0
3
83
*39479
05
**509949
03
9
**7
*+9G903
6565209
9206565203
379529
0
65
5063
*9
099
9
099025
509
*033
729
06990949
,0699095
*069
06990+79
*0
E3
7
70K
590E460:474955L.3@@60,07
7203
+9650*7
7033
9
*,03
329043
692940
3
9
73
9
03
*3
950495069
083
999
0839+9
069
0729
032969
03
*9+9
069
0
3
329607
7203
*49529
07299
0839+9
9
03
*52709909
*039406539829
0
E3
32909429
0969940*
*9
09
*035
9508
535
05
5069
059
9052490945
069
50
49509
79
5
90JM5M940./NNN0087903
9929
0949G90O7
709
*03
239
0397
90
65*99
29
039*950*7
709
*07
**7,0*7
709
*03
27955069
0*7
7033
9
*0
P
**7069
03
279550+7*903
78929
05
509*50*7
708929
0:395
057,0359703
9940
O7
709
*03
279550879035940*7
709
*0387
950057,055902477,0340
3
23
+999063
*9
0
929
0323
+9069
03403790
35325023
65
50E3
7
70:494
50
.3@@30,0*7
703
239
0969940945
069
589690*7
709
*0387
95083
95507
**70
9
*095
*03
477
*9
0879063
*9
0237
**79
069
503*5083
*9+9
9
0Q75940Q9
50
.3@@600+7*90656989503
+3929
0949G90*7
709
*03
239
0729
0949+90*7
709
*0
49
9098703
6273
9529
03*9905639069
083
9
9
*9
9039850+7*90340
3
9
9
*069
03929
929
083
*9+9
9
063
*9
03
**7
929
029369403
*9+9
09
*0
37950:395
083
**7
99
029369409
*03795,0*7
709
*03
239
0+7*903970
3525
29
057069
0
59509
*0929
06583
34507
56039908
3083
*9+9
9
069
0
0 1
23453678797
0393
7087043
8
7
0
443
07
0
02770477023678797
0
7
0787903
70279702367879049043
3790537270907
043
787904770
23678797
039350
4303977203470723
0539
77
0477023678797
07
078790
367
000907
0539
37
07674023
78797
0870727043
87
7
023
78797
0
7023
76747
07
043
39
7
0
327704903577074577
04393
70870
47907
0539277043
7
7
06400
7
7
023678797
03
7
0
327
0353
790
4903
7
004907
7
063505394
707
04397705777023678797
07
04393
70
04342
7047
770
32770
327
04393
70
47
02395
7
7
03977203
090343967
056309
7035770
23
7879077023
053987707
04342
70
3677
7
07
734
0670539640
7
7057
0539
37
0587
07
027
7907674057
023
78797
07
023453678797
70
3587
7
77
703
704742043
7
7
0
32365777
043303970
43
87
7
023
78797
07
023453678797
707023
76747
07
043
39
7
0
0745706703
7
0
347427
7043
7
7
06400
7
7
023678797
0
3
7
0
327
0353
790279702367879
703
704742043
7
7
077070
74
0 7
0
3343967
7
0 7
734
0 27970 2367879
70 393
70 47420
43
43
7
7
0376703707
02397
7
7
707
705393
70539470
7
04342
70
443
07
0
07674043677
7
7
07039707
87750
367
004393
70
670
604346
0640
3
7
0239570563053
39877470
3
7
097
7
03
398707
027
0777
07
03970367604345709363
0
3
90
0
43423957
023
78797
07
023453678797
04393
70
0
!"#$%&'()#'*+,+'-.,.'*%/%,0)#-'(+'/)0)1$+)'
290343967
0076770357747
707
08367
7
0630343
397
033678797
0
767704342
703
74090770490
04342
702397477
03
7
09090
357747
707
0237
07674039023
78797
07
023453678797
0
0506630
789:;<07
076=27>7607?@@;<049090343967
07
0239380630A34770B7>90
343
397
033678797
076770367
027
07
04347
708777
090343967
0
7767032390539
0797023
366
C0AB3D33D24D?D68A6?78;<053979
0?:0
345390?@@1<C00
0
EFGH&IJKLMNKO0290343967
07670907
04342
707707
039280
539
3974267
07
0539237
030
327703
7023997
07
03
70
239
477
07740397023
707
0297
0397720
323967
0236787907
0
727043
87096304360
32770797023
'
EPGH&IQRISMTUMQ'NMQ'VIWMTKJMQO0290343967
07670907
043
7707
0
43
770
7
7
0477023678797
077057
023
7
07
0
327
797
7043
87027
79098
023
78797
07
023453678797
0587
0
43
904770577
045390767023
78797
07
023453678797
047420
43
3
760270
323967
07
047767023453678797
02367897
0397043
37
7
0
299740
7
7
067
053923
377
07
0539
34797
07674057
0
3
6047
64707
0
4
7'
EXGHYMZK['VIJ\MO0290343967
07670907
0539277043
7
7
0760
23453678797
0
390797043457
7
023
0236787903679703
7
0]76770
33
7
0357
77
'
0 1
23456789
000000000
000!"0"0#0#0$0#0
!0#0"!0%&
2'45(7)*
000000!++,0"-,0"0
-,0!-0".0#0.-0#00$00
!0"##%&
2/450981
2
&*3
4
&*8
59
&3*
44
&
*2
6
0000
00!"0$0#0!0#00"$00!#0
"070#0!0#0!0!00
0"##0%&
0
0 087000#0090:;,080<$0
=00"#00#00#000000#$00
$0"##0>?#0@!#0ABBCD0?!#00E0:0F%8%0ABBCD0@#0
?0G%0<%0E0H!!0I0ABBJD0=#0K0%%0ABBCD0L0M0
H0ABBJD0F7N0O%0ABBPD0O0ABBAD0K0Q0R0=;0ABBAD0
K#0K$0%0STTCD0#0STTBU%00
0
VWXWY&Z[VW6W\]&]^(_&`_&aWVWb0_W&
K!00STTP,000"0#0<#0<$0#0
!#00$+00"%0K000#0
"00$070"#!0#00"000
!0!00$%0:0"#00STTJ080<##0
=000#0"#0!00!$0cdefghi
jgkldmlkinlkomlfiplqlhingrmsdphlflkingkpdpdmlktiulplkolkimgivrlsiwgkdkomlfmlki
jxlqdfdingrmsdphlflkingkpdpdmlkiplkiwgkosledqmlkiyxrxizlkoiughgrqlko{i
=#0000#00#0"#000
!%00
0 0<#00ABBP,0<#0=0#0"0!0"#0SC0=0ABBP0
!"0!0H00<08!000"0
0"00!0!0"#00000#00
!0#$%0K00ABBC,0"#0"$000#000
00R0#080R000"0"$0#0
"!$0#0!0#$0>8<=0%%U%0
0 08##0000$0#"#0000ABBC0
00"0$0!0SPJ|00000>=$0
0R0=0%%U%0K0##000#0=0
#$0#09#0S,09#0A,09#0J,0#09#0P%0
00 }
49
~&090<"0R0#0=00"0ABBC0
K%08!%0K=8K=8?K=KK=FKN<0=!0Q0<0<<0
CJC0 1P10 J0 S0
K!0=$00R0=0ABB10
0
0 0 9#0S0$0!+000000
7000!#0#0#0"080<$0=,0
0!01P10%0=00<0"000!0
0 1
234305676489
2
90
939800
37890234305676489
200
62640
09989069
90
09499010378906683439
0234305676489
20098990940620
6339
09
29!0234305676489
20989706339
0"#0930$70%64799
0
39
0$&9'9076&98037389
064979!093069
90()0&98933
094990620
6**
29
09&99
0234305676489
20
09
90649
06990629&909
2064990
98970$70%64799
0$&9'90
939800
0
+,-.,/010
37890"34302676489
206
2303626400
6
2290646
299
0))40
56/7089:9;60 +.</,=0>9;,?.@,A0
B0%99
20 (10 0
B0C689
9
0 40 0
B0C690 10 1()0
B0$949&90 0 110
DB0
**40 0 110
4B0E646
229
30 0 10
B0%6490 (0 110
1B0$689
2*40 )0 )(0
(B068990 (0 4)0
)B03$6789
0 1)0 DD40
B0%6480 D0 40
B0%38930%
9
20 D0 40
B0F8990 D0 40
B0$990 (0 )0
+.</,=0 GHIJ0 GKK0
$37640980"34302676489
2098990))0
0 0 +,-.,/0I0C6339
0"34302676489
209
0E9
2290"90
0989906
2290646
299
0))40
"#0"0"10"D0"D0"C20
()0 0 440 0 D0 40
$37640980"34302676489
2098990))0
0
0
90890234305676489
20940620*6
!099079679064990990
6339
09
2098
20649906
29
099400*49
20234305676489
20L
076&98040
234305676489
2006*89046
909
010*49
20234305676489
2006*89076
6
290
M9
90998906
949079679097909900799N79906423439
09930
*86
0
93980!0D09
040
0 +,-.,/0H0
37890"34302676489
206
230O6
0
0989906
2290646
299
0))40
56/70 PQ@R9A0 +.</,=0S.;.0 >9;,?.@,A0
T9<9;/,A:0 UVW0
00000 96790 0 0
00000 M999068930 0 4)0
00000 M9990L
22640 (0 )40
00000 $9
0 0 1DD0
D00000 %6
9
0L8970 10 D0
400000 C67949
0X30 0 DD0
00000 M*8*20 0 (0
0 1
2300000 456575089
50 0
320
1300000 9950 0
30
300000990 0
30
300000590 0
30
3000005560
0
3
0
300000
!9!95
0
90 0
310
300000
!9!95
0"575
90
10
3
0
300000#
90$%56&5
50
0 30
300000'5&5&90(5)565
0 10 3
0
300000
!9!95
06570 20 3
0
2300000 %*965
06570 0 310
1300000#
90 0 30
30000045657500(59*0 10 30
300000 507*560 20 30
300000
!9!95
0'5*0 20 30
300000
595
0+0 0 310
3000004565750+5)0 0 310
30000059
70&5
95
00 0 3
0
300000 !55
5
0 0 3
0
3000007%757&55
0'*5,%0 0 3
0
2300000 9
79-0+5%
0 0 30
1300000.&&90 0 30
300000/59
0*59
0 0
30
1234567 89:;7 8<<7
%)0'5*970%%08*5
0'5*5,7950
0
0 15=2547>?7"%*560%%08*5
0!90*560$
!5600
'
9%&0.-7,
05!50(56%
0
0
@A4B77CDEFGH7 1234567 I7
8BJ7'5&5&90 8KL7
320
MBJ74565750'*5,%0 8MN7
3
20
:BJ74565750O
970 NK7 3
0
9BJ759
70 >N7 13
20
3P0
!9!95
0O7*50 0 31
0
LBJ7456575089
50 :L7 30
KBJ75695
0Q9!%-0 M<7 30
;BJ7
!9!95
0
90 8K7
30
NBJ7
!306570 8L7
3
0
8<BJ7 %*965
06570 8:7
30
88BJ7
!9!95
0"575
90 N7 3
0
8MBJ74565750(59*0 K7 30
8:BJ7 507*560 L7 310
89BJ7590 M7 30
8>BJ7/59
0*59
0 >7 310
1234567 0 0
%)0'5*970%%08*5
0'5*5,7950
0
0
15=2547L?7"%*560%%08*5
0!90*560'
5600
'
9%&0.-7,
05!50(56%
0
0
@A4B7CDEFGH7 1234567R2S27 I7
8B7 '5&5&90
20 30
MB7 4565750'*5,%0 10
320
0 1
345 6789
0 0
20
45 7879080 10
0
45 77
7098
0 0 0
!45 8"#"80 10 0
$45 8870 0 0
%45 &8'8(0 0 0
)45 *"7+80 0 0
120,988(790
#70 0
0
--456.770 10 10
-/450("9"801727970 0 10
-345372728(04757790 1
0 10
-45,988(79067
7980 170
0
-45,988(7906980 10 110
-!450("9"80 110 170
17077
708750 70 20
-%45,97.879080 70 20
-)456789
0,2798790 0 2
20
/945,988(7903"7#0 0 2
20
/-45
7
277903#7:0 0 270
//45,779790 0 270
/345,89
808(790 0 270
/45;789<#7890 0 0
=>?@AB5 $$5 -994995
65037.#8
0*0C#79037#7:
8702270
0
DEDFEG5HIJ=EKE5LFJF5MINIJDEGL5
5 QRSTUTRVWXWYVZZZ[V\]V^_VS`RaTRVbTRcUdTRVe`YcTXTVeTSTVWfUTVghVcTiWRV
0 ruvwpxr }ruvwpxr
ZZZ[V\]V^^VjklZmV
0 ZZZ[V\]V^^VjklZmV nopqrstruvwpxr ZZZ[V\]V^^V
n opqrszruvwpx
r
0 nopqrstrsuruvvwwppxxrr }ruvwpxr sruvwpxr
0 ZZZ[V\]V^yVjklZmV Z Z Z [ V\ ]V ^ y Vjk l Z mV ZZZ[V\]V^yV
nopqr|zruvwpxr n opqrs{ruvwpx
r
0 nopqrszrsurvuvwwppxxrr TbWTRVUX`Tf`SV ruvwpxr
0 ZZZ[V\]VhgVjklZmV ZZZ[V\]VhgVjklZmV }zruvwpxr nop ZZZ[V\]VhgV
qr|zruvwpx
r
0 nopqrs{rsuruvvwwppxxrr nopqrszruvwpx
r
}zruvwpxr |ruvwpxr
0 ZZZ[V\]Vh^VjklZmV ZZZ[V\]Vh^VjklZmV ZZZ[V\]Vh^V
0 nopqr|}ruvwpxr nopqr|}ruvwpx
r n opqr|ruvwpx
r
truvwpxr |ruvwpxr
0 ]Y`SVkiTfV~V tru vwpxr
]Y`SVkiTfV~V WfTV~V
0 nopqr|sruvwpxr nopqr|sruvwpx
r n opqrzsruvwpx
r
0 ]WYWV~T`bWX`TRYVbVTRaV TbWTRVV
Z`Ra`cWTV~`X`YbTRaV
TbWTRVlYWfTRVUTfTVjTdUdUmV
0 vr
rqvvqvxrpopqrovvrxvvxrvxvrvqvruovrvxroxprxrxvvxrvxvrvxrr
0 rrrrrrrrrrrrvvxrvqrovvrrovvr
MAOPA5-0C7270;7#790.7:70892770*0C#790;7
790.7'70806("#70
399709790087
70
0 12
0 2345360789
3305950
8894360480
8308930845360360480453056570
86936
360836563609030898508453608667336078098048060
363086634370530863
393603608843
393603347360898730330
85773608667336078
889436360343556034305303605308347630
59503303435560
88943603430897336036360898730893730
8656507876360
3336036089730863606043673608845043370860
3336078637360367303393604345360789
3305950
889436089366086360
5950867360430330833363036056
577360343039301036039300
0
0 0 DEFGHGEIJKJLIMMNOIOPDQRISGETHUGEIVWLTGKGIVGFGIJXHGIQYITGZJEI
0
! jc̀de^f` ihc̀de^f` itc̀de^f`
! \M]^ MNOIOPD[QI
_àbcd e ^f`
MMNOIOPD[QIklMI
\]^ _h̀
m c̀
d e ^f`
MMNOIOPD[QIklMI
\]^_h̀ic̀de^fs`
! hc̀de^f` NGSJGEIpHKWqrGXWFI
! hc̀de^f`
MMNOIOPD[gIklMI
! MM\N]^ OIOPD[gI
_h̀ic̀de^f` \]^_h̀jc̀de^f`
! NGSJGEII NGSJGEIlLJXGEIrHGXGI
uvGUHUHwI
! PJ LJInW KW LSGEo I
"#$%#!&039302345360'89
330(6393059508894360283360430863605950)330
!
*+,-.-.!/-.!0-.112.13-4-5!12,2!"+6+,7-.1!
5950
8894360360530436705308650895373609360360843086
330
3639036060343085303870785953607556303430360863
39360
3608843
393607837393663084807893630505303603656
330898730
530
530865089893039330595595036043605950
88943607886370
843736373605303603656
3308636086
33073390360330360
8894360
8890360896
7360343036390'5340867360:34330;':<08
3930
967363089363603603656
3308987303343083336303606
367360
343053
57089750;':00=01>?<0
0
;1<@0:85308936
36360893084373637360863
3936086736043086360
5536078330886573603608365636090843
39086750330360
89608890360837360480':0A5306089903933=00
0
;3<@:86837360 936
36360 863
39360 89337360 893593689359360
8673601BBC0759754507836336036059359308784460360
8973360
;<@:863
390330843
3936078373936086750390365360360330
7848360843
390
;
<@:8936
36036084373637360530863
393603608843
393608890
8683360)):08637936086
33360843
390868336053360360
86837360789
30843
390
0 11
345678989
90
089
908
08
04
04
99
0489
90
898
90
9089
90
48088
0
3856789
90
80489
90899
908
0
9089
904
90
88
90
90
8908
09
089
04
9088
90
35678989
0
08
0894
088
904
908
908
08
0
4
04
99
0
35678984
90
089
904
908
908
4
088
90
8
00
35678
9
08
9089
90
4808
08
0
904
0
35678984
90
904
90
9
08
908
08
0
904
04
0
804
99
0
356788
90
908
9088
908
0
904
08
4
0
898
00
04
908
0
35678984
90
4
08
0
903! 5089
904
9089
90
0
804
99
0
356789
40
0
4
9089
0
908
90489
904
99
0
0
325678904
908
9
0
004
9004
99
0"
090
8
#0
0
3
56789
40
0
9
04
04
99
0
356789
40
004
99
0
35678
9
089
088
904
908908
04
04
99
0
34567898
08984
90
9
9
90
80
04
908
089
90
4
9088
904
99
0
385678
9
90 4
90 89
40
0 4
0 8980 899
90
89
8009
04
04
99
0
356789
4089
08
90
4804
99
0
35678
9
904
908
9
0
00
90808
9
0
899
908
0
4808
0
35678984
90
908
08
08
04
0
00
4
99
0
0
3$56789
40
008804
09
04
9089004
080
4
99
0"
0908
908
08
#0
0
3
5678
9
904
908
9
90
088
9
90
04
900
4
9004
99
0
356789
4089
08
4
004
04
9084
09
08
90
489
90
8089
904
9088
90
3567880
0
0
89
908
900
904908
4
0
%898
&%89
04
900889
90
345678804
09
04
909
908
4
00409
088
90
9088
908
99
0
0 12
3456789
9
90
9089
908990090898
90898
0
90908989000990908899
90900
90808
08
0
0
356789
9
90
9090900990
356789
9089900
808
90899099090
89900990
80 9!90908
89900
"889890#8
9070
3$5678899
900
9008990908
908990990
9
08
9900
0
3%5678
9
90090
9080#8&0#8
90'80#890
#8
90(88090#890900"889890#8
9070)8
0
9089
00089
9
9008
90899099090
90080
8080
0
3*56+89000$8890
0899
&08
908$00
8908900808
90
&9089890900
0
890008
90
8090+80790,80
(-0+8
0.0#8
090(8800
0
/01232/4
,&900$88908
9008900!00709
0
88
0
8$88990009088089
590
8088
0
8099090808
90
809089
90(90$!$0
8$889908089
90$0
8$88990
00
080
589089
9090$8090
909085088909090
50
8$8899908809
089
00$8890
0
62728914
)0:0;0<==*0780>0#89
90.0"980%0700?@ABCDEF
GADHDCFI@CJDKDEDCFLMEMFI@CNBNBODCFPQHDAR0+010)0<==*0S==!42=00
0+890 9990T980"70)9
90U
0#89
90980
"899070
)0>90V0(90;"0<==*070>090#89900"50
#890#89
90W90XMECDHFI@CNBNBODCYFZCB[@EQB\BF]@^DCJQDDCF_DHD`QBD0
210ab!1=%4
)990.0<==40,0>08
0c@EB\DFI@EDORF780<==40*0
)0+90V0)9070'0<==*0?MED\F?BDEDCFI@CJBQBDCFXDdD\DCFLMEMF
e@A@EHDCJFfDgMCFhiijR0#
0"889890#8
9070
)0k0)0l-
0<==*0T0.
0+8
0 8
890.
0;80
70#88
90XMECDHFI@CNBNBODCYFZCB[@EQB\BF]@^DCJQDDCF_DHD`QBD02102!
1a0
)!m
n0'0lopn0<==20)!7&0qrso0m)!.9
-080'r0!m.00
!790
)!Uot0urn07
0!'n907p090vmwo01aa%0GHxyzA{QFDHx_Mg|\R080
0 12
34506789
50
789
540
06786406786770
6010!"#$%&'()"*+
5,-.03450/0410678
2,54-06783
56
000
784654600678/400
0076008,6600
00678465460002009:;<""&=$>?""
#$%@A()00B
70018C008
D5.067886-660067826,E
F
0060
5
560G+6
0HI5
01JJJ04,5,0K+
60/D76006L0*+5+D606760MNO(#$"
P#Q#$#:"RS(TTU#()0,6760G,V,5.096,7-
0K+
60W
X+5D
-
08676060B
700
1YZ81[Z0
*+57
+503\0C02+0H+650/VID
7
-00IE0-+D-
L0EI502+6]+50^,67
-00M_NO(#$"_`"
aS#b:SO"cTNb#_()"Cd0C81Z0
*76-I0G
60Ke0f
+7650K6,702e0\I55+60g
X
60/0d08I+7D0608+6D,5+D0IE0
*+L
LL
L02+6]+50^,67
-00
0a:S"M_NOS(#$"_`"hiSb#$"cTNb#_(j0f,+50de0
20e0VL011C81Y0
*I560430k0
670f080C02+6]+50^,67
-0060l,]6-
I670lF,67
-0.03I0
2+6]+5D0m
-0n
L+50f-6]65D8*6D+0lX67,6-
I06-
LD0\7ID+0f-,+-0
]
+X++-046VDo0
0a:S"c$S?S(#O"hb:__$"M_NO(#$)0f+V0Ce01d010V6L+0Z0
3+
L-I0G\01JY10a:S"c(b;b$_iST#"_`"cTNb#_()"Wf
.02+086]
7760\IV600k0
2+095++0K5+DD0B701810
3,
08B0k0*
7+0*B01JY20a:S"hNT;"_`"aS#b:(p)0H+m0qI5.0nI7-0++65-0
60r
D-I"
96-
60r6-
0n67
0Z0K+5DI67
-
0D+5-60n,,L6060+L602+660+5s6060
,67
-
0+
,V60*++5s60
0676L604,5,0MNO(#$"RQU_$_p"P#$#;Q#"1Y.1810
4+5L+5D0840C0PN3t#?"PNQ#$#:#"#$%a#O!;;#:"u#"#$%a#3$?)0*+
5,-.03650678
H6606783
56
0060
/0086,500B667006783
008,6600/008,5600001JJY00vQ#(""#$%&'O#!)00B
700
181C00*+
5,-.036500f6
500
B,7
D60B6
0202+56D0K+L+-6,608+L6s6504,5,086-60K+76s6560K+
60
B6D6
0
0f+I7608++L6036+560*6-6L0K66L0K+56060w($(S"Sx#b#(#)0
26s,L0867
0K+56.0W
X+5D
-
0K+
60f,7-60/5
D0--V.yyVVV,VD
+,0y0
+r6]66y2+56DzK+L+-6,6-{K+L+6760|1dYY}0
++-+5
60K+76s656086760D
60~K80Y0RS(pQ#("M#u##("NON"S?SO$#(p"
a#:N(")0K,-56s606.0++-+5
60K+76s656086760D
60
++-+5
60K+76s656086760D
60~--0aSO?#"
NtNU#("_(QSi"NON"S?SO$#(p)0
K,-56s606.0++-+5
60K+76s656086760D
60
+V0G0k0n6770
0n01JJ09?i#b"_`"S`S̀bS"S#b:(p"OSQS#Ob:"_("QNTS("
#b:SS?S("#(T"S#b:SO"iSO`_O?#(bS"cN;"#(T"#bbSQQ"?i$b#_(Q"`_O"N#$;"
STNb#_(0B6]DI08f.0B6]DI0f-6-+0W
X+5D
-00~l/\03I],+-0+V5I,]-
I0
f+5X
]+0HI0l30Z2[0Zd0
86s7
D04,5,0\++576L086760D
60Y0@#O"P#t$Q"NON"S?SO$#(p"P#$#;Q#")0
--V.0-V-0
8I660f6-650B6D
0f65
060
567
08I6+0d0ai"RS(TTU"S?SO$#(p)0
f+76LI5.0W-,D60K,7
]6-
ID0k03
D-5
,-I5D0f0*0
HI57
608I0f,6
7
20NON"SO$S!:"T#:N$N"iSO$N"TTTU)0SO#"RSO#U)"8+
020
d0
0 12
3454647089
90
4774
0939040900454
7090290450
4544044
0
54
50!54
4
044
04"#
0$044
0
%4&4600'()*+,-./01*,2*31044.,,5*6/7).0879,/:00%54
02;0<00640=<900
64
0909031044.,,5*>)(0?9,-.@*A*B.0879801*C-9D)*7,*E22)879?)*')08(9/FG*
>)(0?9,-.*H0/0F)5)/7*0/D*3,11)0F-)*I-JJ,.7:0K$L03#070
3#&690
M4$0M
N0O#0!P00#P#00#P#0P5
901QQR90H,79?049*D0105*
B)/D9D9S0/:08#0K#7#
L0T5#03#&0500U5

0M$0$90
M
0V0
0
W#P909039.9X89.9*C-.-*Y0/F*Z/FF-1@*I07-*[0\90/*[)4*D9*
>)]).0J0*>-0(*I)S,10(*H)/)/F0(*D9*H010Y490:0^#
034$$P0N90090
M
0V0
0
W#P909039.9X89.9*C-.-*Y0/F*Z/FF-1@*I07-*[0\90/*[)4*D9*
>)]).0J0*>-0(*I)S,10(*H)/)/F0(*D9*H010Y490:0^#
034$$P0N90090
M#
5034P4690^_M!33̀8!3à``91^$9b1<c90
PL0d0U47&4
0R90
0
34
70^50a#
#0474
60#0d90
#
4
e45040b<c90EfJ).7*')08(9/F*[/,g1)DF)*0/D*B)D0F,FY*7,*h)0D*7()*
B.,2)449,/0b4
N90346N
03P
040$0i#W0&0c908#0K#7#
L0
!55#504
N470_46
0j90
%0990_
$09k90$4090900kll70_909040
54
550l0
mll45"40$04ll45"4044
00')08().*ED-8079,/*n-0.7).1Y:0%54
0
;Q010600=Qe<o900
P#&0!901QQR90A1050/0S*B)/D9D9S0/:08#0K#7#
L04
503#&60M$90$90
O$50P70K403400k&&0m90=905"084$
0a#
#04
$0
3
l4034
6#
#90+-./01*B49S,1,F9*H010Y490*1dL1e19*
0
0
0 12
View publication stats