ABSTRACT:

Conventional lithium-ion batteries are pretty straightforward, technically speaking. They have two
electrodes a positively charged cathode and a negatively charged anode with a liquid electrolyte between
them. The cathodes are made up of layers of lithium and transition metals, namely nickel, manganese, or
cobalt.
lithium ion batteries are already state-of-the-art power sources for portable
electronic devices and the most promising candidate for energy storage in large-size batteries. A major
challenge is the degradation of the cell constituents, which is called aging and which minimizes both
storage lifetime and operation lifetime . Due to the numerous aging effects, both in the individual
constituents and their interactions with each other, a myriad of instruments and methods are reported in
the literature for the investigation of these effects. Elemental analysis of lithium ion batteries and their
decomposition products can provide valuable information in order to overcome or at least minimize the
aging effects and support the improvement of the consumer acceptance of lithium ion batteries for
electro-mobility, stationary and grid applications.

To know how batteries work on loads we can use many methods of analyse li-ion
batteries one of which is simulation, Simulation enables us to analyze the internal behavior of the
battery under different discharge rates. The method of lines was used for predicting the behavior from
the model without any loss of exactitude for regular geometries. The boundary conditions were
modified to achieve a better convergence of the solver. The simulation results were compared to
experimental data from the research literature. Some examples of application are also presented that
include the simulation for the optimization of design parameters.

Innovative analytical solutions are required to test individual battery components, like
positive and negative electrode materials, separator, electrolytes, and more, during the development
and quality control in production. In addition, in order to improve battery characteristics and safety, it is
also necessary to understand the state of the materials inside the battery over its lifetime this is possible
by analysis of battery.