Autoranging CombiScope” Instrument PM33704-PM3380A-PM3390A, PM3382A-PM3384A-PM33924-PM3394A, SCPI Users Manual 950601 FLUKE.TRADEMARKS Microsot, and Microsoft QuickBASIC are trademarks of Microsott Corporation, IBM isa registered trademark of Intemational Business Machines Corporation. CombiScope™is a trademark of Fluke Corporation POI isa trademark o National Instruments Corporation HPGL is a trademark of Hewlett-Packard Company. © 1894, 1995 Fiuke Corporation All rights reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced by any means or in any form without walten permission of the copyright owner. Printed in The NetheriandsCONTENTS 4 ABOUT THIS MANUAL 1.1 What this Manual Contains 2 GETTING STARTED WITH SCPi PROGRAMMING 24. Preparations for SCPI Programming 24.1 System setup 2.1.2 Programming environment 2.2 Initializing the CombiScope instrument 2.2.1 How to reset the CombiScope instrument 2.2.2 How to identily the CombiScope instrurment 22.3 How to switch between digital and analog mode 2.8. Error Reporting 2.4 Acquiring Traces 2.4.1 How to acquire a single shot trace 24.2 How to acquire repetitive traces 28 Meesuring Signal Characteristics 2.5.1 How to make a single shot measurement 2.52 How to make repeated measurements 3 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Fundamental Programming Concepts 3.2.1 Measurement instructions 5.22 Single function programming using the Instrument mode 323. Instrument setup 3.2.4 Frontpane! simulation in Page 4 29 210 210 a433 34 35 36 37 38 Measuring Signal Characte 3.1. The MEASure? query 332 Benelits of using parameters 333. Waveform measurements 3.34 Customizing settings 335 Multiple measurements 3.36 Multiple characteristics from a single acauisiton, 3.37 Trigger control via GPIB - 33.8 Felching characierstis trom memory traces ios Acquisition 3.41 Acquisition contro! 3414 Tiggering S412 Video triggering 3.413 The trigger modes 34.14 Pree and post-tiggering 34.1.5 Extemal iiggering 3.42. Reading trace acquisitions 3421 — Single-shot acquisition 3422 — Repetitive acquisitions 8.43 Conversion of trace data 343.1 Conversion of &-bit sarmples to integer 3432 Conversion of 16-bit samples to integer 3.433 Conversion fo voltage values Averaging Acquisition Data Channel Selection Signal Conditioning 87-1 AC/DC/ground coupling 3.72 Input itering 8.78 Input impedance 37.4 Input polarity 37.5 Vertical range and offset, 87.6 Autoranging attenuators Time Base Control 3.8.1 Number of samples 3.82 Time base speed 383 Real time acquisition 384 Autoranging time base 38 38 20 sat 313 ata 245 316 B17 a8 318 3.23 3.25 327 328 3.29 3-90 3-90 33t 392 3-33 3-86 3-38 3-39 3-39 3-40 3-40 3-40 Bat 3-42 342 342 B43 aaa3.9 Post Processing 3.9.1 How to do post processing 3.95.1 Select the source far the post processing function 3.9.1.2 Specify the settings ofthe post processing function. 3.9.1.3 Enable the post processing function. 3.9.1.4 Check the result of the post processing function. 382. Mathematical calculations 3.9.3. Differentiating and integrating traces 3.9.4 Frequency domain transformations: 3.9.5. Histogram functions 2.96 Frequency fitering 3.40 Trace Memory 3.10.1 Trace formatting 3.10.2 Copying races to memory 3.10.3 Writing data to trace memory 3.10.4 Reading data rom trace memory 3.11 Sereen/Display Functions 3.11.1 Brightness contro! 3.11.2 Display functions 11.2.1 Readout of measurement data 3.1122. Display of user-defined text 3.1123. Selection of softkey menus 2.12 PrintPIot Functions 3.13 Real-Time Clock 8.14 Auto Calibration 3.18 Status Reporting 3.18.1 Status data for the CombiScope instruments 3.18.11 Operation status dala 3.15.1.2 Questionable status data 3.15.2 How to reset the status data 3.15.3 How to enable status reporting 3.15.3.1 Program example using the status byte (STB) 3.15.32 Program example using a service request (SRQ) 3.15.4 How to ceport errors 3.15.41 Errorreporting routine 3.15.42. Erorreporting using the SRQ mechanism 345 348 345 346 246 347 348 348. 249 358 355 356 357 358 358 3-60 361 368 268 370 370 S71 372 373 37a 374 378 3-76 3-76 3773.16 Saving/Restoring Instrument Setups 378 3.16.1 How to restore iil settings 276 3.16.2 How to save/restore a setup via inetument memory |... 378 3.16.3 How to saveirestore a setup via the GPIB contoler 3.17 Front Pane! Simulation 279 3.17.1 How to simulate the pressing of front panel key 379 3.17.2 How to simulate the operation ofa sotkey mens 380 3.18 Functions not Direetly Programmable 381 4 COMMAND REFERENCE a 4.1 Notation Conventions 4 4.4.1 Syntax specication notations al 442 Data iypes 43 42, Command Summary 4s 4.3 Command Deseri 419 A APPLICATION PROGRAM EXAMPLES At Aa Measuring Signal Characteristics a2 All. Making automatic measuremenis ..... 0... 2 AT2 Making programmed measurements a A119. Reading measurement values a 2 Acquiring Wavetorm Traces aS A. Saving/Recalling instrument Setups As [3.1 Savairecall settings torom internal mamory va 832. Savoirecall setngstorom compuler isk memory -- AL? ‘AA Making a Hardcopy ofthe Sereen ag AS Pass/Fail Testing Ato AS.1. Saving a passa test setup Ato 52. Restoring a passa fest setup at ASS. Running a passial est AnzB CROSS REFERENCES B.1 Cross Reference Front Panel Keys / Commands B.2 Cross Reterence Sottkey Menus / Commands 8.2.1 ACQUIRE menu B22 CURSORS menu B25 DISPLAY menu... B24 MATHPLUS MATH menu B25 MEASURE menu B26 DTS (DEU'D TB) menu B27 SAVE/RECALL menu B28 SETUPS menu 8.29 TBMODE menu 82.10 TRIGGER menu 82.11 UTILITY mens 52.12 VERTICAL menu B.3_Cross Reference Functions / Commands © MANUAL CONVENTIONS ©.1 Abbreviations Used €.2 Glossary of Symbols Used ©. Listof Tables C4. List of Figures 5 Documents Referenced D STANDARDS INFORMATION D.1_ SCPI Conformance Information D.2_ List of Implemented IEEE-488.2 Syntactical Elements — SUMMARY OF SYSTEM SETTINGS 83 BS Ba BS 86 Bo Bs B10 B10 Bat B12 Bag B16 Ba Dt D2 EtCONTENTS vil1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL ‘The SCPI Programming Manual for the CombiScope™ instruments deserves: how to program your CombiScope"™ instrument via the IEEE bus using SCPI commands. 1.1. What this Manual Contains A-complete table of contents is given at the beginning of the manual Chapter 1 ABOUT THIS MANUAL Explains what the SCP! programming manual for the CombiScopes instruments contains. Chapter 2 GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING. ‘Tels you howe got stared quicky with your CombiScape instrument. ‘You can execute the prograin examples per (subsection or trom the boginning untl the end. Chapter USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Explains how SCPI works for your CombiScope instrument trom ‘the functional point of view. Section 3.1 is an introduction and section 3.2 explains the fundamental programming concepts. The ‘ther sections and subsections represent the functional use of your ‘CombiScope instiument. Chapter 4 COMMAND REFERENCE Is @ completo alphabetical reference of ali implemented SCP! commands. In the Beginning a command summary is given to provide you with a quick reterence,Appendix A Appendix B ‘Appendix C ‘Appendix D Appendix E ABOUT THIS MANUAL APPLICATION PROGRAM EXAMPLES Appendix A describes some application program examples. The application programs ere supplied on floppy. CROSS REFERENCES Appendix 8 gives cross references between SCPI commands and front panel keys, softkey menu options, and instrument functions. MANUAL CONVENTIONS. ‘Appendix C explains which abbreviations and symbols are used in the manual. it also gives a ist ofthe tables, figures, and documents rolerenced STANDARDS INFORMATION Appenclx D gives information regarding SCP! and IEEE-488.2 standards, SUMMARY OF SYSTEM SETTINGS. Appendix E lists the system sattings per functional group (nada), plus the applicable instrument settings per node, A {ull alphabetical index is given at tho ond of the manualGETTING -ARTED WITH SCP] PROGRAMMIN¢ 2 GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING 24. Preparations for SCPI Programming ‘To program your CombiScope instrument, you need a system setup and a programming environment. Various program examples (refer to PROGRAM EXAMPLE!) aro given in the folowing sections, These program exampies can be ‘executed one at a time or chained together for a compete tutorial. The program examples are based on the system and programming environment as described below. Note: All PROGRAM EXAMPLE’s in this chapter are supplied on floppy under the fle name EXGETSTA BAS. They are chained logether in order of appearance. 244 System setup (© Tho CombiScope instrument contains @ factory-installed JEEE option. © APC is used as controller. In the PC an IEEE-488.2 interface (GPIB) board must be installed to tur the PC into a GPIB controler, The GPIB controller ‘must be connected to the CombiScope instrument via an IEEE cable. Note: The program examples throughout this manual have been executed ‘on an IBM-compatible PC with the GPIB interface board and ‘software ofthe product PM2201/03 installed. The PM2201 board is equivalent fo the PCIIA board from National instruments 2.1.2 Programming environment (© MS-QuickBASIC is used 2s the programming language. © Aqumber cf standard IEEE~288.2 drivers are used to control the CombiScope instrument vie the GPIB. These drivers must be included in the application program. Therefore, the fist statement of an application program must bs as follows: REM SINCLUDE: ' QBDECL.BAS’ Note: The program examples throughout this manual hava been executed using the /EEE-488,2 orivers and the device handler GPIB.COM of the product PM2201/03.2-2 GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING. ‘The parameters of those drivers are defined by the device handler GPIB.COM ‘and by the QuickBASIC program code. The following drivers and parameters ate used in tho program examples: (© The IEEE-488.2 driver "Send!" is used to send @ command or query to en instrument. CALL Send (, caddrese>, , ) (© The JEEE-488.2 crivor “SondSotup* is used to prepare one or more devices to receive date bytes. The controller becomes taiker and the device becomes ‘stoner. CALL Sendsetup (, ) (© The IEEE-488.2 diver “SendDataBytes' is used 10 send data bytes from a talking controlir to a istening deve. CALL Sendbatanytes (cboard>, , ) (© The IEEE-488.2 driver "ReceWve' is used to read a response string from an instrument ALU Receive (,

, , ) © The IEEE-488.2 driver Intortace board. ‘CALL IbINO (, } yTMO" is used to specity a time out period for the Explanation of the parameters used in the IEEE-488.2 drivers: © boards IEEE board identiication inside the PC (default board address = 0), © caddress> IEEE instrument address (default CombiScope instrument address = 8), © Array containing GPIB device addresses, terminated by the constant -f (FFFF hex.) © command or query string to be gent tothe insttument. The “short form’ commands are specitied in UPPER CASE. The ‘aditional characters in lower case complete tha "ong form” ‘commands. © ‘One or more data characters to be sent to the listener device,GETTING STARTED WITH SPI PROGRAMMING 2-38 (© A response string sent by the Instrument as a response to aquery. © ‘An ‘end ot text inlcation: (0 = program message to be continued (no action} += end of program message (sends End-message + EO! true) © aterm ‘A terminate indication: (= response message to be continued (no detection of EOL characte £256 ~ end of response message (slops reading after EOL, charactor) © timeouts A time out indication, e.g. 1 14 10 seconds, 1 second, 4 8 seconds, PROGRAM EXAMPLE ogram statanence \pe-apibUURadriviQEDECL. BAS’ ecwee GPIB Arve arse ron PC scor ears na OI eos ey Ses ie outa 10 scons PROGRAMMING NOTE: ‘Tho variable IBGNT%2 contains the number of response bytes (including NL) after reading a responee massage using the Recewve driver2:4 GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING. 2.2 Initializing the CombiScope Instrument 22.1 How to reset the CombiScope instrument ‘The instrument itself can be reset by sending the *RST command. This sets the Instrument to a feed Setup optimized for remote operation. The status and etror {datz of the instrument can be cleared by sanding the *CLS command. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: vReaet the Snetrment and closr the Gata: L Seaato 1) Besos tbe mstunent sol Send! 2) ‘Gaara sas aaa 222 How to identity the CombiScope instrument ‘The identity of the instrument can be queried by sending the *IDN? query, followed by reading the instrument response message. The options of the Instrument can be queried by sending the «OPT? query, followed by reading the Instrument response message. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL Send ques dentiiecton CAL Receive (0 ends ne cet sting dae Pins eid ting. Send 10 Requests for ontons Receive (0, 3, resp "Reads te ops sing ‘options: ";" BBFTSixesponses, TBCNT3) Piste opto sing 223 How to switch between digital and analog mode After power on, a CombiScope instrument can be either in the digital or analog mode. Afiara *RST command the digital mode Is selected. The INSTrument sub- system allows you to switch between the two modes. This can be done by speci- ‘ying @ predefined name (DIGital, ANALogi or the corresponding number (1 = digital, 2 = analog) PROGRAM EXAMPLE: 1) Suthesto arlog made sot 1, a) “Suleesteck edits modsGETTING STARTED WITH SCP] PROGRAMMING 2.3 Error Reporting Instrument errors are usually caused by programrning oF setting errors. They are reported by the instrument curing the execution of each command. To make sure that @ program is running properly, you must quory tho instrument for possible et- rors atier every functional command. This is done by sending the ‘SYSTem:ERRor? quory or the STATus:QUEUe? query to the instrument; folowad by reading the response message. However, through this practice tho samo “er- ror reporting" statements must De repeated after sending aach SCPI command Tris is not always practical. Therefore, one of the following aporoaches is ad- vised 41), Sond the S¥STemERRor? or STATUS QUEue? query and read the instrument response message after every group of commarids that functionally balong to each other, 2) Program an error-reporting routine and call this routine after each command ‘group of commands, For an example of an error-reporting routine, refer to section 3.14.4.1 3) Program an errorreporting routine and use the “Service Request (SRQ) Ganaration’ mechanism to interrupt the execution of the program and to execute the error-reporting routine, Therefore, reter to section 3.14.4.2. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: vhead error nessege! CALL send, ees fer enor Reader massge Displays aver asians2-6 GETTING STARTED WITH SCP! PROGRAMMING 2.4 Acquiring Traces ‘Trace acquisitions aro started via the INITiate commands. A single acquistion is ‘done by sending a single INITiate command, Continuous acquistions.are done by ‘sending the INITiate:CONTinuous ON command. ‘The TRACe? quory allows you to acquite a trace of signal samples from ane of the following sources: ‘© An input channel, ¢.9,, CH2 (input channel 2) © A trace area in a memory register, 6.g,, M2_3 (Memory register 2, trace 3), The number of trace samples (aoquistton length) can be specified using the TRAGe:POINts command, If your instrument has standard memory, you can speaity $12, 2048, 4096, oF 8192 trace sampies. It your instrument has extended memory, you can spaciy 812, 8182, 16384, or 32768 trace samples. A ‘TRACe:POINts command specifies the acquisition fength for all channels and memory registers. Example: Sond-> TRACe:POINte CHi, 8192 ‘Selects 8192 sample points for all races “The number of trace eample bits can be speciied using the FORMat command. This gives you the possibilty to define samples of 8 bits (1 byte) or 16 bits (2 byles). A FORMat command specifies the number of sample Sits for all channels and memory registers, Example: Send —> PORMat INT, 16 Formats 16-bits samples ‘The format ofthe trace response data is 26 follows: fox. xb... Ds <> | Taino cose (10 decir) (_ chasis over al ace bytes L_ trave samo data bytes (soe Nete) trae sata tormat byte (502 Note) umber of race eyes (b..b) umber of dgts of x. Note: 1f 28 decimal, each race sample is one byte (6b). If16 decimal each race same is ho byes (16 bis), Le, mast signiicant byte (tb) + fost signiican bya (52). Example: #41026 <1G> clap 1»... <10> feet | | Trace campo 512 — trace sample 1 cial 08 amor of race tts (N) fe rrumber of cgi of NGETTING STARTED WITH SCP! PROGRAMMING 2.4.1 How to acquire a single shot trace Inthe program example, a single shot trace acquistion of 8192 B-bit samples is done with a probe connected to input channel 1. The trace sample bytes are read from the GPIB as string characters. The number of response bytes and the ‘umber of samples are printed. The TRIGger:SOURCe command is used to specify input channel 1 as a tigger source. The TRIGgerLEVel command is used to resel the trigger level to @.9, 0.1 volts PREPARATIONS © Connect a probe to channel 1. After start up ofthe program you will be asked to trigger the acquisition with the open end of the probe, .e., ouch the probe Cr strike the probe on the table. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: awe + 16500 FORMAL INTeses.6°, Formats is sample ee Cll, 8192", 2) "Femats 012 sample pons URce TWTeznaii*, 1} "Tiggersouoe enamel 1 eaGgeriLvel 0.1", “roger = 04 "Shale sot ion CALL sendt0, 8, "WAZ", 1 Wats oe pews commands voinish CALL Senate, @, "RACE? CHI", 1 *Quenestor chanel tee cAI Receiver 256) “ead chamal 1 rae “Tho coments lh tet ting 8 oo. #8104 8 capa cope B18 mo nr.of i aL Wy nriefsbytes = VALI: ne.of.digita)) — Semple. Leng + rr.of.digits, 1)) / 8 che? *Hunber of bytes re CINE hunber of tesee san! 'S_IBONTS: =auber of ttes samples Note: Reter to section 3.4.9 "Conversion of trace data* about how to convart this string data,GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING 24.2 How to acquire repetitive traces In the program example, § trace acquisitions of 512 16-blt samples are done via ‘ prabe connected to channel 2. The trace sample bytes are read trom the GPIB, {a8 string characters and wtten to the file TRACES.DAT on the hard disk. PREPARATIONS: © Connect a probe from the Probe Adjust signal to channel 2, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: side TRACES. DAT: ‘noguire S sequential traces and ators “Roser theinsrurert 2 eampioe of 18 b: fe acquisition is defined at “Configures shannl2 v3) Sutenes chamezon Opis he TRACES DAT Sj inion "Quanes fo carr 28 Nts eV ber TRACe?, The WAL conan aks car atthe TRACH? CHO command it ‘veut hen the Nit comeare fish. Raceivell, 8, tracehats, 256 Fads carne 2 ace PRINT 43, "Trace buffers': i Ws ace nese fe PRINT #2, LEFTS (cracebufs, TECHTE Wels eon cus Close le TRACES OAT Note: Refer to section 9.4.3 "Conversion of race data" about how to convert this string date.GETTING STARTED WITH SCPI PROGRAMMING 2.5 Measuring Signal Characteristics ‘The measurement instructions allow you to make a compiete measurement. This includes the configuration ofthe instrument, the initiation of the tigger system, ‘and the fetching of the acquisition dats. The measurement insiructions can be Used at cifferent levels, varying in processing ime. The highest level is the most easy to use, bul takes more ime to complete than the lowest level. The following levels of measurement instructions can be used: Tho highest level: MEASure? (easy to use) “The middle level CONFigure «READ? (equivalent to MEASure?) (gives more programming flexibility) ‘The lowest level INITiate + FETCH? (equivalent to READ?) (to acquire more signal characteritios) The following table shows which measurement tasks are executed by the measurement instructions: WMeASute? | CONFigue| READ? | INiTate Lon Cenfguestheinsiunent| YES | YES [ese | Initiates the tigger systems] YES ves | Yes Feiches the acquired data| YES YES Yes2-10 GETTING STARTED WITH SCP! PROGRAMMING 2.5.1 How to make a single shot measurement ‘The MEASure? query allows you to make a single-shot measurement, and the FETCh? quory allows you to fetch mora signal characteristics, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: gEAuresAch (81), Measures AC-AMS lve Receive 10, 8, respon "Reads AOS value id. Fees he Pes To Peck value ive 10) 8, respcr “ads the PTP lve PRINT *Peak-Wo-laak valve: zene - 1) CALE Send (0, 8, “FPIChsAMPLitude?™, 1) Fees tre amauge vee CALL Receive (0, 8, responses, 25 Read eagle vie PRINT "Amplitude value"; LEPIGiveopenseS, TBCHME ~ 1) 2.5.2 How to make repeated measurements ‘The measurement instructions allow you to make repeated measurements. The CONFigure command aliows you to configure tne instrument, the READ? query allows you to make 2 measurement, and the FETCn? query allows you to fetch ‘mote signal characteristics. PROGRAM EXAMPLE “eagure and print AC-EMS, peak to peak, and ne signal on channe! on “Coniguee er CAVE + Peron § eae. nor nites RC-RMS reading (0, 8, responses, Fleas be ADAMS value *Feohes the Pelco Peale Reads the PTP wae *Fenes ine ames vl _ Reads be ample vueUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.1. Introduction ‘This chapter explains now to access the functions of the Combi Scope instruments ‘amily in a remote programming environment, For that purpose, the CombiScope ingtrument ts equipped with an IEEE-488 compatinle GPIB interfaco and implements a full SCP! compatible command set which provides an oxtansive range of remote contro! facies, ‘Traditionally, there was na standard for the remote operation of instruments. wide range of different command seis existed, Each set had its own terminology and trade-offs, based upon the implementations and corresponding limitations of the instrument. Similar functions in different instruments were contralied by different commands. And, vica versa, identical commands could easily ex'st in tsnother instrument to conitel @ diferent function. With new technologies and Increasing complexity, other programming concepts were introduced, This, caused programs with identical functions to look diferent when writen for another instrument. The remote control of insttuments became a cumbersome process, which required @ high learning curve for each new instrument and each additional instrument, The time and costs to create and mainiain application programs were unnecessarily high due to the lack of standardization, With the introduction of the Standara Commands for Programmable Instruments, commonly called SCPi, a lot of progress has been made In this area. The davelapment time of an application program for SCPI-compatiole instruments, ‘ke the CombiScope instrument, is considerably reduced. This is mainly achieved by the consistent programming environment for instrument control and data lusage across all types of instruments that, regardless of the manutacture, is provided by SCPI ‘The standardized commands allow the same functions in diferent types of instruments to be controlled by the same commands. For example, the query MEASure:FREQuency? acauites the frequency characteristic ofthe input signa, regatdless of whether the instrument is a frequency counter, an oscilloscope, or any other measuring instrumentUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS, As the example alteady shows, the commands are easy to leam and sell- explanatory to both novice and expert users. The learning curve is considerably Gecreased for _new instruments or instrument functions with which the programmer is not fama. Efficiency is not only gainod when creating or debugging new application programs. The easily understandable programs greatly simply mainteriance and modification of existing application programs that have been writen by other persons oF for other instrumant functions. ‘All major CombiScope instrument functions are controlled by standard SCPI ‘comands. Although the functionality provided is the same, the way the ‘oscilloscope is controled via the remote interface differs in some aspects trom the front panel operation. This is because the local front panel operation is designed to allow you to take maximum advantage of the interactive communication possibilies offered by the cisplay screen. This allows for additional information ‘and guidance during the process of local operation. ‘The remote command set is based upon an instrument model that Is easy 10 understand. This model provides a structuted survey of the implemented instrument functions and sorves as a guide towards the commands that control these functions. This other view allows for optimal and oasy access of the instrument functions when operated from the remote interface. Additionally, a measurement instruction set allows for easy programming of measurement tasks for a wide variety of signal characterstcs.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-3 3.2 Fundamental Programming Concepts ‘The temote operation of your CombiScope instrument can be accessed using different programming concepts, The concept to be chosen depends upon the application of the instrument in the remote programming environment, Each of the four concepts has it own benofits and trade-off, 1) Using measurement instructions Advantage: Easy to program, No instrument knowledge required to make measurements, So, you can start programming quickly and get measurement resuts rightaway. ‘Trade-off| A measurement takes some time to complete, because the Instrument automatically searches for optimal settings. Example: MEASure:FREQuency? Measufes the frequency of the signal at channel 2) Single function programming using the instrument mode! Advantage: Allows you to program individual functions separately through single commands, The instrument model glves the relation, between the commands and the functions of tno CombiScope instrument. Trade-cft: requires understanding ofthe remote operation ofthe instrument functions, Example: TRACe? CHY Footuns the acquisition trace of the signal at channe! 1 '3) Programming the complete instrument setup ‘Advantage: Simple to program, No worry about individual settings. Tnis mathod can also be used to save and recall settings, which are not individually programmable. Trade-off, Processes complete instrument sstups, Individual settings ‘must be set or programmed separatoly. Example SAV3 Saves actual instrument settings 12 intemal memory 3, ARCL3 Recalls instrument settings trom internal memory 3. 4), Programming through front pane! simulation Agvantage: Gives the possibilty to program settings tor which no remote commands are avalabio, .e., to match a front panel setup.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Trade-off: This way of programming is cumbersome and tricky, because _adcitional information on the front panel display is not always, avaliable remotely Example: DISPlay:MENUTRIGger Activates the TRIGGER softkey menu. ‘SYSTem:KEY 4 Simulates the prossing of softkey 4 “The effect is that TRIGGER menu option “noise” is switched on or oft 3.2.1 Measurement instructions This is a completely new approach in the remote operation of programmable instruments, which provides & eet of task-orionted measuroment instnicions Rather than programming every instrument setting soparatoly with starting the acquisition and calculating the result, just specity the desired signal characteristic, and the CombiScope instrument retums the requested resull, Depending upon the actual available signal, your CombiScope instrument automatically determines the optimal settings to acquire and calculate the requested result. ‘An example of such a command is the MEASure:FREQuency? query, which not ‘only works on oscilloscopes, but also on different types of SCPI-compatible instruments, such 2s counters and multimeter. ‘With traditional oscilloscopes you had to do the folowing: st up all functions of the osciloscope separately, = start the acquisition of the data = positon the cursor markers, = calculate the frequency trom the acquired data. = read the calculated frequency from the instrument ‘A single, simple SCPI query replaces al of the above, namely the MEASure:FREQuency? query which does the following} ‘auto contiguras tho osclloscope tothe best possibie setting forthe requested measurement task. Note: This process is liferent from the traditional AUTOSET process in that the autoset function determines the instrument settings based (on the input signal only, whereas, the auto configure algorithm also takes the desired measurement lask into account. starts tne acauisiton process, ~ takes care that the measurement is tiggorod. = caleulates the dosied characterise from the acquired data, = retums the calculated value.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS a5 “The measurement instructions are easy to use and do not require any special knowiedge of the instrument. The programming concept reduces simple measurement tasks with complex instruments to simple insituctions. leaving the ‘setuo complexily to the instrument. The measurement instructions are extreme'y Useful when the application does not require the precise setting of instrument functions. The concept is extencible with separate control of parameters that are vital to the application. 3.2.2 Single function programming using the instrument mode! |All maior instrument functions such as time base, input impadanee, etc. are ‘separately programmable using ‘single parameter” commands. The easy to Understand command set is comparable withthe way instruments are traditionally controlled. This concept gives you full control over all functions and power of a modern oscilloscope, However, for maximum benefit ofall the advanced features cof your CombiScope instrument, you nead some understanding of their remote operation Functions of the CombiScope instrument that belong together are grouped into subsystems. There are several subsystems, each representing a particular function. The instrument mada! in the following figure gives an overview of the ‘most important subsystems. [seas | Tea = Figure 3.1 The Instrument Modo! for CombiScope instruments EXPLANATION OF THE INSTRUMENT MODEL: ‘© -Alifunctions that deal with signal conditioning are part ofthe INPut subsystem. © Ina similar wey the SENSe subsystem contains the data acquisition part where the analog signal is converted into digital value. © The results of the acquisition are stored in a TRACe subsystem memory © Post-processing functions on the acquired data are available in the CALCulate subsystem. ‘© The TRIGger subsystem deals with the contro ofthe acquisition process ‘© The DISPlay subsystem handles the front panel display functions,2-6 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Functions in a particular subsystem are always controled by commands that begin with the name of that subsystem. For example, a command that programs the input coupling is INPu COUPIing DC. {All programmable settings can be queried easily. The query form is obtained from the command by simply removing the parameter and adding a question mark. For example, the command to program the input impedance of your oscilloscope is INPutiMPedanca 50. This impedance value can be queried by sending INPutIMPedance? which returns 50. 32.3 Instrument setup ‘This concept allows you to program instrument settings with a single command. Several instrument setups can be saved, either created by remote programming fr by front panel control. This concept can also be used to program Instrument functions that cannot be ditectly accassed using individual program instructions. Complete instrument seiups can be saved either in tne internal memory of the ceciloscope or extemaly in the remote controller. A part of the Instrument eetup can also be saved externally The oscilloscope is equipped with @ number of internal memories in which the complete instrument set up can be saved and from which itcan be restored, Send > *SAV3_ Saves the current set up into memory 3. Send ACLS Recalls the instrument set up that was saved in memory 3. Instead of using an internal osciloscope memory, the instrument setup can be queried using the SYSTem:SET? query. The result of this query is that the ‘sciloscope sends a part or the complete setup in @ compact block data format Sending this data back as a parameter with the SYSTem:SET command reprograms the oscilloscope to the same settings. Example for the complete instrument settings: Send > SYSTem:SET? Quories the oscilloscope for the complete instrument setup, Read < reads the Sends the previously read instrument setup back to the oscilloscope in the ssame formal.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS: 3-7 Example for the instrument cursor settings: ‘Send + SYSTem:SET? 32 Queries the oscilloscope for the instrument settings of node 32, wnich are the cursor settings Road «- Reads the cursor seitings Send > SYSTem:SET Restores the cursor settings, 3.24 Front panel simulation ‘Tris concep! allows you to send commands that simulate the pressing of a front panel kay. This methad allows the remote operation to precisely match a front panel selup. In paricular, this method can be used to access instrument functions that cannot be programed directly by remote commands. ‘As described in the beginning of this section, there is a difference between the front pane! cperation and the remote control of an instrument. f you use the front ‘panel simulation commands vie the remote interlace, be aviare that no use can ‘be mace of the additional information that is presented on the screen of the ‘sciloscope. As this causes the front panel simulation method to be a tedious process, itis certainly not recommended as a common programming practice. For example, the SYSTem:KEY 507 command switches the AVERAGE function fon when it was Switched of before. When this function was switched on before, the AVERAGE function s switched off. The effec of the SYSTem:KEY command ‘completely depends upon the state ofthe instrumental the moment the command is received. In a remote programming environment it's not immediately clear ‘whether a state ison or off For thal reason the command SENSe:AVERage ON |s much better. ‘To select functions that cannot be programmed directly. you might use the front panel simulation commands. For example, the command SYSTem:KEY 4 ‘snitches the *noise suppression’ option in the TRIGGER menu of the front panel ‘ON or OFF,USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.3. Measuring Signal Characteristics ‘As explained in section 9.2.1 "Measurement instructions’, the measurement instruction set is @ new approach in the remote operation of programmable instruments. This instruction set allows you to request a particular characteristic, of the input signal. The CombiScope instrument then chooses the best possible settings, executes the requested task, and relurns the desired result, Within the measurement instruction set, diferent progranvning levels can be distinguished, The highest level is the easiest to use, but the trade-off is loss flexibility, Lower levels provide more flexibly by offering more control over the instrument functionally. This requiras more knowledge about the remote ‘operation of your instrument. ‘The measurement instructions specify @ particular task in terms of the expected signal and the desired result, The instructions refer tothe signal characteristics of the signal being measured, This makes them independent from the Implementation of the instrument functions. For example, when the instruction MEASute:FREQuency? is executed, itis not important whether this frequency is, measured by precisely counting the signal period, or it itis calculated from a sampled waveform. For this reason, the measurement instructions provide the best compatibilty among different types of instruments. But, as a trade-off, the compatibility decreases when more flexibly is needed and lower measurement insirucion levels are used. 33.1 The MEASure? query This isthe easiest instruction to use and provides the best compallblly However, Idoes not offer access to the full capabilty of the CombiScope instrument. The MEASure? query configures the instrument for optimal settings, stats the data _acquistion, and retums the result in one operation. The signal characteristics that ‘can be acquired in this way are shown in igure 3.2 Example: ‘This query measures the RMS voltage of the AC component al the default Input channel 1. After the acquisition, the result is sent fo the controller. The Instrument itself selects an optimal setting for this purposo and carries out the requested measuroment as “wall” as possible. Moreover, it automatically stars the moasurementUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-9 3.3.2 Benefits of using parameters “The generic form of a measurement instruction is as follows: MEASure[:VOLTage]:? [[,}][,} ‘The :VOLTage keyword is a default nade, which specifies the signal cheracteristic to be measured, relates to the voltage component of the signal. The measure. function» specifies the desired signal characteristic. ‘The parameters can be used fo provide adultional information to the instrument about the expected signal and the desired result. The oscilloscope uses this information to determine the best settings for the requested task. As the eyntax show's, the parameters can be left out (defaulted). In that case, the oscilloscope ‘chooses it awn settings based upon the actual available inout signal end its own ‘wade-otfs. The result of defaulting parameters is that the measurement needs ‘more time to complete ‘The VOLTage parameters relate to the :VOLTage rode in the header. These parameters specity the expacted voltage and the desired resolution - = [[.]] “The expected voltage in the parameter specification is assumed to be the value at the BNC input of the osciloscope. When a delectable probe is attached, itis ‘assumed to be the value atthe probe tp. When the parameter is defaulted, the osciloscope performs: ‘an autorange, which needs some adsitional time. When a particular value was. ‘specified instead, the oscilloscope immediately selects the range next higher to the specified voltage, omitting the relative time-consuming autoranging Notice that when voltage parameters are used, the VOLtage node must be sent fexoliitly in the command header. Or, in other words, when the :VOLTage node is dofauited, the voltage parameters must also be defaulted.9-10 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Examples: MEASure:AMPLitude? This quory moasures the amplitude of a waveform at the default input channel 1. After the acquisition, the resulting amplitude is returned, MEASure:VOLTage:AMPLitude? 10, (@2) This query measures the amplitude ofa signal at channel 2 (@2). But, since it specifies the expected voltage value (10 volts), it wil complete the measurement faster Ina similar way the moasure function parameters provide the oscilloscope wrth information about the signal characteristic to be measured. The parameters that {are allowed depend upon the requested signal characteristic (measure function). ‘The measure function parameters that specify a voltage characteristic, such as. AC, “AMPLitude, “HIGH, :MINimum, etc, use the voltage parameters for that purpose. Measure functions, such as fall and r'se time, frequency and period, use ‘ime units. Their expecied value and desired resolution are specified in seconds or Heriz as separate measure parameters Examples: MEASure:VOLTage:FREQuency? 10E6, (@3) This query measures the frequency of the signal al input channel 3. The expected trequency is 10 MHz, whereas, the expected voltage is defaulted, "Notice that this command is equivalent to the MEASure:FREQuency? 1066, (@3) command. MEASure:VOLTege:FREQuency? 5, 1086, (@) ‘This query does the same es the previous example, except that the expacted voltage is § volts.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. aon 3.3.3 Waveform measurements “The following fgure shows the terms used for pulse measurements and the key ‘words that aro used as header nodes in the measurement instructions, HoH, Low Figure 8.2 Pulse charactorstics ‘The reference high and low parameters datermine the desired interval for tise ‘ume and fall time measurements. The datault iow and high relerences are 10% ‘and 902% of the pulse amplitude (= HIGH - LOW). Default REFerence LOW =LOW + 0.1 » (HIGH - LOW) (Default AEFarance HIGH =LOW + 0,9» (HIGH - LOW) Ina similar way, the reference middle parameter determines the desired interval for pulse width (PWIDtR, NWIDIN) and duty cycle (PDUTycyo!e, NOUTycyc!e} measurements, When defaulted, the reference middle valus is assumed to be at 80% of the amplitude. Default REFerence MIDDIe =LOW + 0.5 » (HIGH - LOW)3-12 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. Examples: MEASure:FALL:TIME? (@3) Measures the time interval during which the pulse at channel 3 decreases from 90% to 10% of tts amplitude MEASure:RISE:TIME? 20,80 “Measures the time intorval during which the pulse at the default channel + increases irom 20% to 80% of Its amplitude. “The following measure functions and parameters can be programmed - AC "AMPLitude fc} FALL OVERsnoot PREShoot TIME [etetorence. lows [. (expected. tme> [vetime resolution} FFREQuency _[] HIGH LOW ‘MAXimur MiNimum NDUTycyole NWIDE “telerence.middle> PDUTycyele PERioa {sexpected_poriod> | ]} PTPeak PWIDth ‘TMAXimum “TMINimum RISE OVERshoot :PREShoot TIME [ereference. low [,telerence_high> [. [-ctime_resolution- I) Notes: -:DCYCie «ales for:POUTIEye!@ =F TIMe = alias for “FALL:TIME “TIME = alias (or RISE-TIMEUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3.13 3.3.4 Customizing settings ten, you nese more precise control of the measurements than possibie withthe MEASure? quory. The combination of CONFigure and READ? is provided to allow you to program one or more sattings that aro vital to your application, Executing this sequence of instructions is equivalent to sending MEASure? For setting up the instrument, CONFigure uses the same measure functions anc parameters as MEASure?. The CONFigure command does the instrument sstup Portion of MEASure. The READ? quory initiates the acquisition, performs the ‘needed caloulations, and returns the desired result. Since READ? no longer changes instrument settings, commands that are executed alter CONFigure, but before READ?, are taken into effect by the acquisition. This concept allows you to perform @ generic configuration through CCONFigure and then customize the measurement by programming the settings that are vital to your application. Next the READ? completes the measurement process. Example CONFigure:AC Configures the instrument to perfoom an RMS measurement of te AC component atthe default input channel 4 SENSC:AVERage ON Sets averaging on SENSe:AVERage:COUNT 4 Sets averaging factor at four. REA ZAC? Star's the measurement and returns the averaged AC-RMS valve. READ? uses the same measure functions and parameters as CONFigure. After the instrument has been set up for 2 particular measure function by the ‘CONFigure command, the sama measure function kay wards can be repeated by the READ? query header. Moreover, i is allowed to request for another signal characteristic by specitying a measure function other than that for which the instrument was configured. However, keep in mind thatthe instrument was set up by CONFigure for anothor task. As those sottings are not affected by READ?, it Is not guaranteed thatthe instrument is able to acquire the signal characteristic that is requested by READ? Example: CONFigure:ac Sets up the instrument to perform an AMS ‘measuroment of the AC component.git4 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. READ? Requests to exeute the default DC measurement. Since this is not possible wit the chosen configuration, an execution error Is generated and no resut is retuned Configures the CambiScope instrument to perform a rise time measurement READ:RISE:OVERshoot? Requests to read the rise time overshoot. Because the ComblScope instrument is able to celeulate the rise overshost value whon it set up for arise time measurement, the desired result is calculated and rotured, A READ? algo allows the same parameter sets as tha corresponding CONFigure. instructions, But, thase sets only serve fo specify the desired result. They are Ignored as far as they affect instrument settings. The parameters can be sent for ‘compatibility with the prececing CONFigure command, Example: CONFigure:RIS! Contigures the oscilloscope to perform a default rise time measurement (10% to 90% increase of the signal amplitude} READ:RISE:TIME? 20,80 Requests forthe rise time of the 20 to 80% increase ‘of the signal amplitude, As the CombiSeope Instrument is able to respond to this request, the desired nse time is calculated and retumed, 3.3.5 Multiple measurements ‘Somatimes itis necessary to perform multiple measurements of the same signal characteristic. This can be realized by executing multiple MEASure? queries. However, this implies that the relative time-consuming configuration portion of MEASura? is unnecessariy repeated. This can be easily avoided by using the CONFigure and READ? concept as descrived in the preceding chaptet. This concept allows you To do tha configuration only once by sending the CONFigure ‘command one time. Sending multipie READ? queries next, causes the instrument to repeatadly execute the desired measurement. Example: CONFigure:FREQuency Conligures the instrument to perform a frequency measurement,USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 18 READ:FREQuency? Starts the acquisiion and retumns the measured ‘frequency. READ:FREQuency? Starts 2 next acquisition and returns the now frequency result. READ:FREQuency? Ei. 3.8.6 Multiple characteristics trom a single acquisition. Itis often necessary to determine several signal characteristics from the last, ‘acquired waveform. Starling a new acquisition, as READ? and MEASute? do, is tundesired. For that purpose, READ? 's broken down into two addtional instructions, which are the INMTiatol:IMMediate] command and the FETCH? ‘query. Executing this sequence of instructions is oqulvaiont to READ?. The INTiatefIMMediate] command starts the acquisition. FETCH? determines tho requested signal characteristic and returns the result, This concept allows you to porform several diferent FETCh? querios on a single set of acquisltion data Example MEASure:AC? Configures the instrument to measure the RMS vai- uo of tha AC component of the signal at input chan nel 1, stars the acquisition, and returns the desired result FETCH:FREQUency? Determines and retums the frequency of the signal that is acquired by the preceding MEASure? query FETCH:RISE:TIME? Uses default parameters to determine and return the rise time ofthe first pulse. AAs distinct from the READ? query, defaulting the measure function part of the FETCH? query, causes the CombiScope instrument to return the characterisve that was requesied withthe last executed FETCN?, READ? or MEASute? query For this reason, the measure function should always be explicitly specified in the header of the FETCH? query.3:16 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.3.7 Trigger control via GPIB ‘You need a separate GPIB command to start @ measurement synchronized with cather instruments. This is done by sending the *TRG command or the GET (Group Execute Trigger) code. The MEASure? and READ? queries do not allow you to do 0, because such a setup causes a query error With the INTiato|1MMediate] and FETC? concept, itis possible to meet the requirements cof such applications. Example CONFigure:AC Contges the instrument © meas he ACAMS voltage. TRIGger:SOURcs BUS Species that the acquisition is to be wiggered by GET or *TRG. INrTiate Starts the measurement process, sTRG “Triggers the acquisition, FETCh:AC? Determines and returns the AC-RMS value.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS: g.17 338 Fetching characteristics from memory traces ‘The FETCh? query not onfy allows you to determine a characteristic from the last acquired waveform, it also allows you to calculate 2 signal characteristic ftom a wavetorm that is stored in a trace memory element Example: FETCh:RISE:TIME? (@M3.4) Celculates end retums the default rise tme from a waveform that is stored in trace memory M34 FETCh:PERIod? (@NM4_1) Determines and retums the poriod of the waveform thats stored intrace memory M41. Notice that such a FETCh? query operates properly only when there is valid ‘waveform data stored in the trace memory. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: Inthis example the signal acquired via channel 2is stored in memory register 1 ‘The AC-RMS, peak-to-ceak, and ampitude velues of the stored signal are fetched and printed iis vacponge AS STRING + sand), §, *CONPSgura:AC (62)* Congres ox channel? 2) *Swtcheschereel2n "Sage intiion Capes Chace 1 2 Now tac area 2 of memory rite sil wth a chanel? ace pIGh RCP (ON4_21*, 1) es AC AS of WI. 2 ) responses, 156 Ens AGA value sponses "Pints ACAMS vale 128 Peale Peak oft 2 responses, Enis PeaTo-Pea vali k value: *} responses Pris Paice peak vaue Send(0, 9, *PEICRIAMPLitede? (@ML_2i", 1} /Fathes ampltas of MI_2 Receveic, jones, 256) “Eres arpitude value *y responses Fe ampli ale3-18 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.4 Acquisition 8.4.1 Acquisition contrat ‘Several commands éxist o contrat the acquisition process. The following diagram shows the possible states of the acquisition process, and the way they are affected ay commands. Le atte st | wet —_f Figure 9.9 The Trigger Mode! for acquisitions ‘The tigger model shows that after a *RST command, the instrument js in the IDLE state, An acquisition doesn’t start unti! an INITiate command is received. Initiation ofthe oscilloscope occurs by sending he INVTiatol:IMMediate] commandUSING THE )MBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS a co by setting INTiate:CONTinuous to ON. Tho INITiatef:tNNMediate] commanc ‘causes the CombiScope instrument to perform one compete acquisition cycl. Upon completion of the cycie the instrument retumns to the IDLE stato, The INhiate:CONTinuous command is used to select whether the Instrument is continuously initiated or not. When INitiate:CONTinucus is set 10 ON, the instrumant immediately ets IDLE and starts an acquisition cycle. On completion ‘of each cycle, the instrument does not return te the IDLE state, but immediately starts another acquisition cycie Bofore the acauisttion takes place, the trigger conditions must be satisfied. Those Concitions are programmable to sult the needs of your application, 2s described in the nex section, Alter a *RST command, there are no trigger consditons to be met So, an IN‘Tiate command causes the CombiScope instrument to immediately trigger the acquisition, Executing the measurement instructions MEASure? and READ? causes the acquisition to become inated automatically. No separate INITiate commands are needed. When the FETCh? instruction is used, the instrument must have been Inttatad either by a preceding INITiato[iMMediate] command, or implicitly by a READ? or MEASure? instructin. When the CombiScope instrument receives the ABOR! command, any ‘acquisition that is in progress is aborted immediately, and the instrument retuns to the IDLE state, The same occurs when *RST is received, The ABORt command distinguishes from *RST in thet *RST also resets the instrument settings, whereas, ABORI does not. For example, when INITiate:CONTinuous i set to ON, a ¥RST command not only aborts the pending acquisition and forces, the instrument to the IDLE state, but it also sets INTale:CONTinuous to OFF, preventing the acquisition to initiate again. Since ABORt does not atiect the Instrument ssttings, an aborted acquisition cycle is immediately iniiated again, When the instrument isin the IDLE stato, the ‘no-pending operation’ tlag that is associatod with the acquisition is get True. The *OPC and *OPC? commands use this flag to signal their “Operation Completed’ response. Notico that it INMate:CONTinuous is set to ON, the instrument does not ratumn to the IDLE state when an acquisition cycle has completed. This means that no "Operation ‘Completed response is generated after the “OPC and *OPC? commands,USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS, 84.1.4 Thggering Alter the measurement is initiated, the CombiScope instrument starts the reel ‘acquisition when the trigger conditions aro satisfied, e.g., when the selected ‘rigger event occurs. The trigger conditions can be ignored during a specific hold off time, which can be programmes using the TRIGgerHOLDoit commana. During the hold-off time the event detector is inhibited from acting on any trigger. ‘eager Type The TRIGger:TYPE command selects the type of triggering, which can be programmed to EDGE triggering (normal rigger mode), ViDeo triggering (refer to section 3.4.1.2 "Video triggering”), LOGic, or GLiTeh triggering. After a *RST ‘command, the rigger type is EDGE. Note: Logiestate, pattern, orgitch sattings canno! be programmed using SCPI ‘commanas. Trigger Source ‘The TAIGger:SOURCe command selects the source for the tigger event. The receipt of tno GPIB intarface message GET (Group Execute Trigger) or the common command *TRG serves as the triggar event when BUS Is selected as. ‘tigger source. The trigger eventis determined by the AC line voltage when LINE is selected, and 's derived from the input signal when INTernal is programmed as rigger source. For the 2-channel CombiScope instruments, EXTemal can be programmed as the ‘rigger source. In that case, channel 4 is selected as extemal trigger incur, ‘A numeric. suffix is used 10 specily the channel number. For example, ‘TRIGgerSOURce INT2 selects the signal at input channel 2 to trigger the acquisition, When IiMediate Is selected, an acquisition does not wait for a trigger event. So, fan INITiate command causes the acquisition to begin immodiaioly. Alter a *RST ‘command, the tigger eource le IMMediato, which means no trigger is required. Trigger Level ‘Tne TRIGgerLEVel command allows you to set the trigger level for all input channels. Programming the trigger lovel automaticaly switches off level peak- peak. The trigger level can be programmed only when the TRIGgenSOURCce is INTemal, The TRIGgerLEVeLAUTO command allows you to switch level peak- peak on or of. Switching on level peak-peak, deactivates the trigger level. After a ‘RST command the TRiGgerLEVel is set to its maximum vaiue and level peak peak is switched offUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-21 Trigger Stope ‘The TRIGger:SLOPe command allows you to define the tloger edge for al input channels, which ean be POSItve, NEGalive, or EITHer. sfter a ¥RST command the TRIGger:SLOPe Is set to POSitive PROGRAM EXAMPLE: jguve:PrPesk (62), 2 “Corts rane! 2 seengesFUNCuion “XTZMe:VOLMege2"*,_ 1) "Sas ehammel2 ON anernai2", 1) “Tigyprsouee=charnd 2 0.2, 2) “Tragerlevd «02 “The TGerLEVE commando sults el peak sak of. NeSetive Treen ope = gate Shae iin cchiPTPeak? 92)", 4) Que epee pak 8, responses, 256) nes pak peek poak-to-peaie =“; responses Pins eaten Trigger Coupling ‘The TRIGgerLPASs and TRIGgerHPASs commands allow you to select the Main Time Base (MTB) trigger coupling by programming a fixed cutot requency. ‘The possible trigger couping options AC coupling, DC coupling, Low Frequency reject, and High Frequency reject are mutually exclusive. The TRIGperLPASS land TRIGgerHPASs commands are also mutually exclusive. So, activating the Low-Pass ‘iter will switch off the High-Pass filter, and vice versa. After 8 *RST command, the cutol frequency is 10 Hertz, which selects trigger counting AC. Note: When the trigger source is INTernal, signai coupling or one input channel in} can be programmed to AC, DC, or @ROund using the INPuter>;COUPIing command.3:22 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS DC COUPLING (0 Hz cutott frequency): DC coupling causes the signal to be passed over : the full bandwidth (rom 0 Hz to 100/200 MHz) ee Figure 3.4 DC Coupling PROGRAM EXAMPLE: fect DC coupling om inoue signed chansel 2 SENSe:EUNCtion:ON "HEINE VOLTage]" Sas Hon nPut2:couPling De ‘Sets CH input igual cols TRIGger +S0URCe MITerna’ Sets rape souce = CH wr galact 0¢ coupling on WMS exiggering: ‘DRroger :5uuTer:LPAS2:S7Abe cn ‘SasLon Passion +cat equeng) =O, tis selects MTB Woger DC caving. AC COUPLING (10 Hz cutott frequency) | ‘AC coupling causes the signal to be passed trom _ 10 Hz-to the full bandwidth frequency ———wocaurne (100/200 MHZ}, Figure 3.8 AC Coupling PROGRAM EXAMPLE: s+ Select AC coupling on input signal channel 3 SmiSe:FUNCHion:ON *XTIMe:VoLTase?* Sets CHSan, amput3:courLing AC Sots Hain signal AC comp TRIGGer:SOURCe INTernal3 Seige sae =O, tr select ac coupli Ss:STaTE om ‘SetsLon ess thar on cto teqerey= 0H ths sels ITB tigger 9 souing 10 Seat requeny = 10H bis sles NTE igs AC cour,USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS LF-REJECT (90 KHz cutoff frequency) LF reject (HF passed) causes the signal to be ‘passed from the cutofi frequency (30 KHz) to the full bandwidth frequency (100/200 MHz). Figure 3.6 LF Reject PROGRAM EXAMPLE: TRIGger:FIUTer:LPASS:STATe OW ‘Seis Low Pass tron vata femueny = OH2 (OC eouping LESe:PREQuency 2B+4 Secu fequeng=20 He, Ins selects MTB rope se. HF-REVECT (90 KHz cutof frequency) I veneer HF reject (LF passed) causes the signal to be passed from 0 Hz to the cutoff requency (G0 KHz), Figure 3.7 HF Reject PROGRAM EXAMPLE: a Pereject on WME Eeiggering 9.4.1.2 Video triggering TV video triggering enables stable triggering on video frames and lines trom various TV standards without adjusting the trigger leval, and can be selected by programming TRIGgarTYPE ViDeo. Video triggering can be programmed on signals with a postive or negative signal polarity using the TRIGger-VIDeo:SSIGnal command.9.24 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS ‘The vicoo trigger mode can be programmed to field, field2, or lines using the TRIGgerVIDeoFIELA... commands. The video trigge’ line can be programmed using the TRIGger'ViDeorLINE command, ‘The video system can be selected using the TRIGgerViDeoFORMet. commands. The following standard video systems are supported: - NTSC: 525 tines por frame PAL, 625 lines per frame - SEGAM 625 lines per frame = HDTV: 1050/1125/1250 lines por frame 41), Select video triggering and video standard Examples: TRIGgerTYPE ViDeo Selects TV video triggering. ‘TAIGger-ViDeoFORMat‘TYPE SECAM Selects the SECAM standard with 625 lines per frame. ‘TRiGger:VIDa0:FORMat LPFRame 1125 Selects the HDTV standard with 1125 ines per rame. 2) Select video “linas" triggering and program the line to tigger on, Examples: TRiGgerViDeoFiELd:SELect ALL ‘Selects the video /inas trigger mod. TAIGgerViDeo LINE 512 Selects video line number 512. 2) Select video “field1/2" tiggering and program the line to trigger on. Examples: ‘TRIGger-VIDeo FIELd:SELect NUMBer Selects video feld tragering, ‘TAIGger:ViDeo:FIELGNUMBor 2 ‘Salects the video field? trigger mode, ‘TAIGger:VIDeo: FORMat TYPE PAL ‘Selects the PAL standard with 625 lines per frame. TRIGger-ViDeo:LINE 123 Selects video ina number 123, As a result the video made is automaticaly switched to fleldt (field =lines + .. $12) TAIGger VIDeo:LINE 325 Selects video line number 325. As a result the video mode is, ‘automatically switched to fold? (feld2 = lines 313 .. 625) ‘TRIGger:VIDeo:FIELG:NUMBer 1 ‘Selects the video field7 trigger mode. As @ result the video line number is automatically switched to 13 (= 925 - 62512).USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.4.1.3 The trigger modes ‘A combination of the INITiate:CONTinuous and TRIGgerSOURce command allows you to define the folowing trigger modes: via channel 4 (only for PMS3x08). INTate ‘TAIGger Trigger mode CONTinuous _| :SOURCe >5>Singie-shote<< Generates one sweep, regardless of any | OFF IMMediate trigger settings {valid after RST). | >>>Single-shotcc< INTemalen= Generates one sweep, triggered using | OFF or trigger setings UNE o> Single-shol <<< Generates one sweep, externally triggered | OFF ExTornat So2Auto tigese Table 5.1 The TRIGger modes Generates continuous sweeps, oN Intitediate | independent of any tlager settings. \ SeeNormal tigece INTemalen> Generates continuous sweeps, ttiggered | ON o using trigger settings. LINE >>> Normal tig <<< Generates continuous sweeps, extemally | ON ExTernat triggered via channel 4 (ony for PM33x0A). >e2Singe-Shotece ‘ON Gonerates one sweep triggered by “TRG | of BUS. or GET, regardless of any trigger settings, | OFF3226 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Only in the single-shot and multiple-shot trigger mode (INITIate:CONTinuous. (OFF), the bits 3(SWEeping) and § (Waiting for TAIGger} in the OPERation status are valid, Also the Operation Complete bit (OPC bit 0) in the standard Event Status Register (ESR) is val. This alows you to dotect whether the instrument 1s armod (initiated), tiggered (busy with acquisition), or finished with the last acquisition, ie. ready for the next acquisition. SINGLE-SHOT MODE (TB MODE - single} Commands: — CONFigure:aC Configures instrument and sets ‘single-shot mode. OPERATION STATUS BITS: vis bits STATE DESCRIPTION: WattorTRIG | swEeping | OFC ie state (ter RST) @ ° 0 Weal for tigger seo (NT receive) 1 0 0 | armed Walt for comet (ragered) 1 ° 0 | orousy Finished vith aoquistion © @ i | = reacy MULTIPLE-SHOT MODE (TB MODE - mutt OPERATION STATUS BITS bts pts | STATE DESCRIPTION: WatforTRIG | Sweeping _| OFC ie state (ter AST) @ @ ° ‘Walt for tiger set NIT recov) 1 o | 0 |=amad ‘iat for compote tiggered) a 1 | 0 | =busy “Frito with acquisition [aiecal ¢ | reads The bits $ (SWEeping) and 5 (Waiting for TRIGger) also retlect the acquistion status, when the "SINGLE ARM!" button on the front panel was pressed. Commands: SYSTemKEY 101 Performs AutoSet DISPlay:MENU TBMode Displays TBMODE menu, SYSTemKEY 1 Sets INITCONT OFF and sets ‘multiple-sho! mode.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-27 8.4.1.4 — Pre-and post-riggering When pre-tiggering is selected, the real trace acquisition begins before the moment thatthe tigger occurs, Triggering occurs when the trigger coneitions are satisfied and the instrument leaves the ‘Walt for TRIGger" state as shown in the trigger diagram of figure 3.3. in a simiar way, post-triggering causes the equisition to begin after the moment thatthe tigger occurs. omega Figure 3.8 Pre-tiggering seciescer Figure 3.9 Postriggering Pre- and postriggering are programmed with the SENSe:SWEep:OF FSetTIME command. A positive parameter value species a post-trgger delay, whoreas, & negative value resuits in a pre-tigger view, Ater #FIST, the SENSe:SWEop:OF FSetTIME Is sotto 0.005, which resutts in & pre-trigger view of 5 ms, Because the *RST value of the total acquisition time {SENSe:SWEep:TIME) is 10 ms, the tigger point is positioned in the middle of the trace. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL, Sendi0, 8, ‘SENSe:SwBep:0FFSe: 0, 2)“ ms postonee AiO, 8, *SENSe:sWDep:OFFSe: 2) Tmspretiger3-28 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 34.1.5 External tiggering Extemal triggering is only possibie for the PM&3x0A CombiScope instruments Channel 4 is used as the extemal trigger channel with the following view possiblities: attenuator positions 0.1 and 1 Viiv (AMP key) ‘rigger slope positive or negative (EXT TRIG key). = trigger coupling AC or OC (AC/DC key) ‘The view faciliy of the external trigger channel Is switched on by sending the SENSe:FUNCtion:ON "XTIMe:VOLTagos" command, or by sending the ‘SYSTem:KEY 812 command to simulate the pressing of the TRIG VIEW key on the front panel Note: The view facility of the extemal tigger channel can only be switehed on when: + EXTemal or INTemalt (CH4) is programmed as the trigger source. + Peak detection is of Autoset scans for the presence of a signal on channel 1, 2, and the external {tigger input. I there is a signal present on the external tigger inout, the EXTernal ‘rigger channel is selected as trigger source, and the external trigger view facility becomes active Limitation: The amplitude of the external trigger signal must be high enough for the sensitivity of the external trigger input (0.1 oF 1 Vidi)USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-29 34.2 Reading trace acquisitions ‘Once acquisitions are completed, the resulting aces ares placed in TRACE memory, as shown in the folowing igure. o | a neve || sour 4 eee T Figure 8.10 The trace acquisition fow ‘The last acquired trace at input channel 1 is placed in the TRAGe memory element named CH. The trace acquired at channel in CH2, otc. This trace data ccan be read by using the TRACe|:DATA]? query. Example: TRACe? CH2 Returns the trace that was last acquired at input channel 2 When new acquisitions are exccuted, the previously stored traces are not automatically saved, but overwritten by the new result. When these traces need to be saved, they have to be copied into other TRACe memory elements, before a new acquisition is initiated. Refer to section 3.10.2 “Copying traces to memory" for @ description about how to copy traces. As response to the TRACe? quety the data is returned as block data. Section 3.4.9 *Conversion of trace data" specifies the coding of this data and describes how to convert this data into volage values.3-30 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3421 — Single-shot acquisition PROGRAM EXAMPLE: In this example a single-shot trace acquisition is done via channel 1. The trace bylas ato ontored as charactors in the string responses. DI response ES STRING «1053 Diners trace ues i Sendl0, 8 "+RST™, 2} Resets te iatument Togge sare beoones Maeda Number of tas eames becomes 512 Number wae eget bacon 16 (or, 1) *Centgres tor optimal AG-ANS sings D. ‘ints see cation Gyn", 5) "Requestor ohamal race ta cate senate. CALE Send{0, 8, ‘Note the WAL boloreTRACe?. The “hl eenvans ek caro athe ‘TRACE? CH command iret when fe Nite commas she tt vet, 8/ sespenses, 258) "Reeth carne rasa ota 942.2 Repetitive acquisitions PROGRAM EXAMPLE: In this example 10 trace acquisitions are done via channel 1. The trace bytes are entered as characters in the string response$, The 10 trace butlers are written to the file TRACE10 on the hard disk. Triggering 's done via the GPIB by sending the *TRG command, " reeponse AS STRING + 1033 “Dinero ce ater cab Send|0, @, "#RST*, 1) + Ress ainarumen *Ttpger sous becomes Mee orbs of aes samples becomes 512 Norbert raceearlatstacomes 16 ‘Contigo pal AC-AMS stings. B) sERIGuer:s0URce BUCY, 1) *Tiggersoune = GPIB AL, TRACE *Opars fle RACE 'C to 10 rd suerta ace acqustens CALL Send/0, 8, “INTTigte", 1 nats ar acquston CALL Seng (0, 8, "TRO", 1) Tigges via ne GRE Chul Senai0, 8, “*WAT/TRAGE? cHi*, 1) *Renuedeforchamel 1 Wace Note te = WA lore TRAGe?, The Wl command aes caret the TRACE? CH command exaosed when te Neto conan tahed CALE Recelve(0, 8, responses, 256) *Reainechanal tare puiwn 41, responees ease race bse te Next Nexteaoesequistion ‘Choa ie TRACETCUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3.4.3 Conversion of race data ‘The trace data Is sent as a block of inary codes. Trace samples can be formatted to consist of 8 bits (1 byte) or 16 bts (2 bytes) codes, which can be seloctod by the FORMat command, Refer to section 3.10.1 "Trace formatting’ for a further ‘oxplanation ofthis command, After *RST the samples are sent as 2 byte codes. Wren samples are formatted as two bytes, the most significant byte (msb) is sent first, folowed by the least signticant byte (Is). The sample values that are sent In the block, are coded according to the two's complement notation. The relation between the screen positions, the values of the trace samples and the decimal value of the corresponding binary codes, is shown in the figure below. ee Tae gma eae samen 027. spot een SERRE fo | 120 foe YO ry ae ae. ia Lcalgge enone af ‘Note: Numbers between parenthesis aply to single byte format Figure 3.11 Relation between screen position and trace value The value of the trace points relate to the vertica! positon of the corresponding ‘sample on the screen of the CombiScope instrument. AS the figure above shows, the sample with value 25600 corresponds with the top positon of the screen Similarly, the samples with values -25600 and 0 correspond to the bottom and ‘mid-position respectively. This applies to trace samples that are formatted 10 consist of 16 bits (2 bytes). The values that apply fo the 8 bit (1 byte) format are: placed between parenthesis, ‘The ADG allows trace acquisitions that are somewhat outside the vertical screen boundaries. Trace acquistions use the ful dynamic range of the ADC. This resus in @ dynamic trace range of 65835 points, whereas the sereen range is lirited to 51200 points.3:82 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.4.3.1 Conversion of 6-bit samples to integer ‘As an example a conversion of a trace of $12 "B-bit* samples is shown. The format is as follows: trace bytes: Peeeroeeeee eee #9514 eB> byte I>. «Nk» race sample 512 ‘race sampee + byte with decimal value 8 L_ nr re xt (5) umber of igts.o8 814 PROGRAM EXAMPLE: Inthis example a trace acquisition of 1 byte samples is dane. Thereafter, the trace data is tead and converted to integer samples in the array "trace", and the number of trace bytes and trace samples is printed. The conversion from single byte value to integer is done as follows (refer to figure 3.12): byte - 256. Integer = 255 - 256 ray of 512 egos “ave esponse bute Rates 9 suet Senai9, 8) “FORat iNtezer.e*, 2) *Daafomalof fis sampkes snd, 8, ‘aNETiate". 1) » Sing salon on Sendi0. 8, "#WAE;SRACA? CHL‘, 1) *QuOi6sforchanal trace Receive(9, 8, responses, 2561 ead th chanel Wace "ENT "Number Of Yead bytes ="? 3 ABCHITs = numer fread bfes "The cen he response sing is exampew bo 2 ons: VHBB 1A cho xe coasesur> <> <> storinang LF helof-bytes = VAL(MIDS(responses, 3, 03 PRINT “Number 1s bytes sanple.lengtn = AGCMIIDS (re nr-of samples > nr eI tracets) = ASC(MDS(responses. i +2 + nr.of digits, 1 (i) > 127 THES |= trace(i) ~ 256USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.4.3.2 Conversion of 16-bit samples to integer ‘As an example a conversion of & trace of 12 "16-bit" samplas is shown, The format is as follows: ‘rave bytes ee 441026 <16> core rv i | Trace sample S12 trace sams by wih social valu 16 numero race byes (1026) umber o cits of 1026 PROGRAM EXAMPLE In this example a trace acquistion of 2 byte samples is done. Thereatter, the trace ‘ata is read and converted to integer samples in the aray “race”, and the number of trace byles samples is printed, The conversion from double byte (byto1 = msb and byte2 = [sb to integer Is done as follows (refer to figure 8.12) lfbytet < 128 then integer = bytet * 256 « byte2 bytet > 128 then integer = (byte - 256) + 256 + byte2. Example: tytet = 255 & byte2 = 32 ~> integer = (255 - 256) « 256+ 22 = - 224. 51 ‘asa o512 eters Ix response AS STRING + 1033 Trace esorse hfe CALL Senat0, 8, *+RS-, 1 ‘Rosse nse Sos 1ti sare dt format Hh Gendt, 8, tmNR 1 Sraie satiation 2) “ies carne ce ead re cance 1 tae cure TRCN = erg ol race butler “Te orton tn eponos stg fh crap wl bo s flo F410 26 <6 emsbls , eTSSI2> eSIZ> um> D> ambor of nach PRINT “Number SV hrof.digits, 1 (samote-longch / & nes =") ar .of -eanples Ponertorea save ost Sacer ie 11) Laas Sgntean pe 258 + nycer3.94 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 348.3 Conversion to voltage values ‘Screen positions correspond to voltage values. This relation is shown inthe igure below, and Is detormined by the settings that are programmed by the SENSo:VOLTage:RANGE:PTPeak and SENSe:VOLTage:RANGe OFFSat ‘commands. outs ao 25609) 300 saree 28 Figure 3.12 Relation between screen position and amplitude value ‘The relation between the screen position Ps and the corresponding voltage amplitude Vs is expressed by the equations: Vs = (Ps * PTPeak) / 200 - OFFSet (for &-bit sample traces) Ve=(Pe* PTPeak)/51200-OFFSet —_for 16-bit samplo traces) ‘As explained in section 3.4.3, there is also a relation between the soreen position Ps and the value Ts ofa trace sample. This relation is expressed by the equations: Ps=ts {for 8-bit sample traces) Ps = (Ts / 25600) # 100 = Ts /256 {for 16-bit sample traces) Eliminating Ps from the preceding equations results in a relation that can be used to calculale the vollage value Vs from a trace sample Ts. This relation is expressed by the equations: Vs = (Ts / 200) + PTPoak - OFFSet (lor 8-bit sample traces) (Te/51200)* PTPeak-OFFSet —_—_(or 16-bit sample traces)USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-35 PROGRAM EXAMPLE: In this program exarnple @ trace of 512 samples from the aciual signal at input channel tis read, The received data block's converted to an array of valiages. After ‘each sample conversion the voltage value is printed. This program example works for traces of 512 samples, consisting of 8 bits (1 byte) or 16 bits (2 byles) samples. Note: The program is supplied on foppy under file name EXCNVTRC.BAS. 2(522) ray ofsanploheges nse AS STRING * “ace deta osonte sting op AS SERENG + 20 Peat peak eaponsesting DIM offs AS STRING > 10 Ofoet apere rg ‘Rose reinsrunert (Pigura:ac (@1)", 1) *Coniguestoropimal ACAWSsstings “Sigal ae aecones 20 8, cumrniares, Inte sng equstin 8) ‘uaz; TRACE? CHL, 1) “Reqs crane eant Receive(o, 8, responses, 286) ads heme! ace prof digits = vaL(amps (responses. 2.10) nelof bytes » VALIMEDS (responses, 3, nr.of-digitel) - Sarole. length = ASCMTDS (responses i nad, ‘Quaes s CALL Receivell, @, peaktops, "Rete 2 Bepeak © VAL (GETS (peaktops. TRCNT8)) BOT eng Cai Sena\((, 8, *SENBe:VOLEage :RUICe:OFFSe Ques st AGL Receive G 288 "Roasts, aeewray | CNT = enh TO or-of. samples ‘bye samplas +3 + nr.of aigite, 1) 2) THEN traces = cranes” 256 Bw IP sanple|i} = tracet / 200 ptpeak ~ offset nT aaa} 10 nr.of, samples 2a sanlas 22+ nrvot aig Pair at sample ast aHnds (res; “MISE. ASCIMIDE: 1188, tracet = (byee: sample{i} = tracet / 512 PRINT sanple(i}s .36 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS, 3.5 Averaging Acquisition Data Acquired traces and measured signal characteristics can be averaged over a umber of acquisitions. The preprocessing AVERAGE function of the (CombiScopes instruments can be enabied by using the SENSe:AVERage[STATe) command, When this function Is set to ON, averaging is done according to the ‘following formula: AVG, = Tyree Nye In the expression, n specties the number of acquisitions that is averaged. This parameter can be programmed by using the SENSe:AVERage:COUNL ‘command. X represents the acquisition result to be averaged. Example Send —> SENSs:AVERage:COUnt 16 ' This sets the average count factor at 16, which means 16 sequential acquisitions are averaged. Send > SENSe:AVERage ON "This enables the AVERAGE function When SENSe:AVERage is set to ON and an acquisition is inated, the ‘GompiScope instrument takes n (SENSe:AVERage:COUNt) successive ‘acquisitions, as shown inthe figure on the next page. When sufficient acquiitons fare taken, the final averaged result is returned. Intermediate results cannot be queria PROGRAM EXAMPLE: ‘Acquire the trace of the actue! signal on channel 1 and measure the amplitude ‘and frequency (averaged over 4 acquisitions) DIM teace Ag STRING + 1033, “Dimesions taco sting DIM anpistude AS STRING + 20 Drees empie ng STRING + 1 * Dimensions regency tig . guce:aC (61) ", 1) ‘Configures fo: ARMS e ecavahage:COUNt 4, 1) ‘Ave facter= CALL Send(0, 2, “SENSe:AVERege ONT, 1) asap i wneder CALL Sena(o, € *murTiace*, 1) “Ina ie avraprgscusion saat TRE? CHI, 1 *Quvies or name race 8, sraces, 256) "eas chanel ace "The Wace sages seaged over 4 equa race acictlons CALL Send(0, 8, "READsaMPLitude?", 1) “Reads the arpliate 8, ampLicudes, 256 Ens the ante rch: FREQuency?", 1) Foes te roguercy CALL Raveswel0, 2, frequoncy$, 256) rs ha aquensy The ample quency ae averaged ove seqent measured vesUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3:97 ‘The following diagram shows the possible states of the acquisition process when averaging’ is on, and the way they ave affected by commands. ae 1 Eo cho! Figure 3.13 The Trigger Model during acquisition averaging3-98 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.6 Channel Selection Input channels can be suitched on or off by using the SENSe:FUNCtion|:ON] or SENSe:FUNCtion:OFF commands. An input channel is selected by spectying the parameter "XTiMe:VOLTage", whore the numeric sufix specifies the Input channel qumber. After a *RST command, channe! 1 is tured on and the other channels of (including tne EXTemal input for PM3SxOA). ‘Adition of tno channels can be selected by specifying the "XTIMe: VOLTage:SUM" parameter as follows: > Addition of CH1 and C2: °XTIMe:VOLTage:SUM 1,2" > Addition of CH3 and CHa: "XTIMe:VOLTage:SUM 3.2" Note: Enabling of the adaiton of input channels (0.9. CHO+CH4), automatically switches channel 3 and channel 4 on. Disabling of the ‘dition of two channels (2.9. CH8+CH4), automatically switches ‘channel 3 and channel 4 off, provided at least one channel remains on. Programming tip: HM CH1+CH2 is on and CHS and CHA are off, CH1+CH2 cannot be programmed off by sending: SENSE:FUNCtion:OFF "XTIME:VOLTage:SUM 1,2" Instead, sond the command: SENSe:FUNCton:ON "XTIME:VOLTagea” ‘Sets CH2 on i | = ob tt | et L * wa itioot Heh eh a) He —{~H +1 ass el Figure 8.14 Input channel contrat PROGRAM EXAMPLE: vouragessa 1,2", 1) + Seis CHHORR on CALL Send, 8, *SENGe+FUNCEion:ON “xTINe:VOUTage2*, 1)” "Sexe CH2 on, CHI sCH2 oft, CHI romans ofUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-99 3.7. Signal Conditioning The INPut subsystem allows you to condition the input signals, such as AC/DC/GROund coupling, input fitering, and input impedance selection. In the digitat made, the SENSe VOLTage:RANGe:AUTO command allows you to enable autoranging of the attenuation for each of the input channels ‘separately als || Figure 3.18 Signal conditioning 3.7.1 AC/DC/ground coupling “The INPuten>:COUPiing commanc allows youto set the vertical input coupling at ‘AC, DC, or GROund for each input channel separately. After a *AST command, all input channels are DC coupled. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL Sena(D, 8, *INPuE:COUPLing AC*) LD Sets chrnelt AC cused CALE Sendt0, 8, “2 suing GRound*, 1)’ Setschantel goune cold3-40 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.7.2 Input filtering ‘The INPutFiLTer command allows you 10 tum the common fow-pass filter (bandiwicth limiter) on or off for all input channels at the same time. The cutott frequency is fixed at 20 MHz, Alter a *RST command, the iter Is turned oft PROGRAM EXAMPLE: cumpatsezuter ont, L Tums eer n HINGE SETL to sFRBQuency?*, 1) Raquaes forthe ier requney CALL Receive(0, 8. respons PRDED +7 4 > ~Raoss te er requancy 7 responses Pres Fier = 2008407 3.7.3 Input impedance ‘The INPutIMPedance command allows you to specify the input impedance low (60 £2) or high (1 MQ) for each input channel separately, After a *AST ‘command, the impedance of each input channel is 1 MQ. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: cat Sendo, 8, "uNbuce s 1) Sets chame aimpecence at 5002 3.7.4 Input polarity ‘The INPuten>:POLarly command allows you to set the polarity of the signal on the input channol2 and 4. The polarity can be get to NORMal (dofault} or INVerted (inverted signa. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: fend 0, @, *2MPut2:POLarity NORMAL Sena(0, 8, *uNFutd:Pouarity ze 11 ‘Sev oro on ) Sein Con 3.7.5 Vertical range and offset ‘The SENSe:VOLTags:RANGo:PTPeak command allows you to specify the eakcto-peak range of the signal acquisition over all 8 divisions of the display ‘screen for each Input channel separately. From this peak-to-peak value the vertical sensitivity por division is caleulated as follows: = / 8. Attora +RST command, the peak-to-peak value is et at 1.8V for channel 1, wich complies to a vertical sensitivity of 200 mv.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS: 3-41 Because the programmed PTPeak and OFFSet values directly affect the trace values, they can be used to calculate the voltage amplitude of the corresponding trace samples. As explained n section 3.4.3.8 "Conversion to voltage values", the voltage amplitude of a trace sampla can be calculated from the equations: Ve = (Ts /200) + PTPeak- OF FSet (tor 8-bit sample traces) Ve = (Ts /51200) * PTPeak - OFFSet {for 16:bit sample traces) whore Te = the value of the trace sample and —_Vs= the corresponding voltage amplitude ‘The SENSe:VOLTago:RANGe:OFFSot command allows you to specify the \rtical offset for each input channal. After a *RST command, the verical offset for each input channel is zero. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: L. Sona(6,8 *SaNSe:vounage2 RaNGe:PyPeSk 2", 1) “Ths sets the peatiopec ange a 809 189, e vorteal eeriiy = B00 5 10 CALL Sondi0,8 *S2NEorVoLTage2-RANSe-OFPSet 1", 1) This sts a peste vaca sll 100m, tdision 3.7.6 Autoranging attenuators ‘The AUTO RANGE function automatically selects the vertical input senstivity to ‘e9p the signal amplitude between 2 and 6.4 divisions on the screen. Autoranging allenuators work independently on tne following acquisition cannes: > Input channe! 1, 2, 3, and 4 for the PM3x8A CombiScope instruments. > Input channel 1, and 2 for the PMS3x2A CombiScope instruments. ‘Auto attenuation uses a peak-to-peak calculation to determine the maximum and ‘minimum value of an acquisition, regardless of the input coupling. When auto attenuation is switched on for an input channel , the input signal is automatically forced to AC coupling, Stl, itis possible to switch to DC coupling by programming the INPuten>:COUPlng DC command. However, in that case, the proper operation cannot be guaranteod LIMITATION: ‘Auto attenuation is limited to 50 mV minimum per division. This minimum Value is used as the noise level o prevent auto attenuation from trying to adjust noise on an open input channol PROGRAM EXAMPLE ALE Send (0, 6, “ENT Catt Send(O, 8, *smise:FuNCE. cau Sena(0, 8, *BN30:IOLTags: "Seis eu atest fr chasm? ON a et Ato ggeng 11) ‘Bea Cro: RANGE AUTO Cee 12s © AC signa eouling3.42 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.8 Time Base Control In the digital mode, the SENSe:SWEep:TIME:AUTO command allows you to tenable autoranging of the main timebase (MTB). 3.8.1 Number of samples ‘The TRACe:POINts command allows you to set the number of samoie points, which isthe fotal acquisition length for al races. The number of samples is limited to discrete values; refer to the TRACe-POINts command reference for a detailed specification of these values. After a RST command, the number of samples 3512, Note: Ifthe number of samples is changed, the contents ofall race memories is cleared. So, all previously stored traces are fost! PROGRAM EXAMPLE: 6, Rot, 1 *Acuiston eng 8 2 saris its CH1.@192", 1). *Aegustin lenghd= 8192 camps 3.8.2 Time base speed ‘The SENSe:SWEZp:TIME command specities the time base of a sweep, which is the time duration of one complete trace acquisition. Because the SENSe:SWEep:TIME values are limited in tho digital modo by permitted MTB values, only particular values oan be specified with this command. Reter to the SENSe:SWEep:TIME command reference for a detailed specification of these values Together with the number of trace points (TRACe:POINTS), the SENSe:SWEep:TIME command determines the Main Time Base (MTB). The MTB Is expressed in seconds per division. Since there are 50 points in each division, the MTB can be calculated from the following equation: MTB = 50 * SENSe:SWEep:TIME / (TRACe:POINts -1 )USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-43 PROGRAM EXAMPLE: cat Sena(o, 8, “BENGE 1) Requosts seaptne sre ead sweep trie IAcerFOINEE? C2, 1) “Reuss number tece pots . POTNTSS, 256) "Reads aur ol race poms val ( POMS} ‘Comets sng arable NT$) "Conan sing arable sie / (TRAPOI-1) ‘ales te MIE PRINT “Mai m3 “Pans ne MTB Ina similar way, the time value Ts that is associated with a trace sample point can be calculated from the folowing expression 1 ‘sample_indox> * SENSe:SWEop:TIME / (TRACe:POINts - 1) ‘where isthe point number ofthe sample inthe taco 3.8.3 Real time acquisition Since there isa physicallimit to the maximum sample rate of the ADG, traces with '8 duration which is less than 200 ns cannot be sampled within one reabtime ‘acquisition. To allow you to go below the 200 ns limit, the CombiScope instrument ses particular random sampling techniques, where points in the requested trace are collected trom a number of successive acquisitions. The result returned is a reconstruction of tne original signal out of several acquisitions, which is nat real time. When realtime acquisition needs to be guaranteed, the command SENSe:SWEep:REALLimef STATe] must be set to ON. This disables the random ‘sampling techniques. The trade-off is that the SENSe:SWEep:TIME range Is limited to 200 ns. After *RST the -REALtime command is set to OFF, ‘The "peak detection" function allows the Anslog-to-Digltal Converters (ADC) to ‘operate at their highest speed, even when a lower time base spesd Is selectod. The results that maximum and minimum peaks of the signal are detected, even at lower time baso speeds. This is called oversampiing. The SENSe:SWEep:PDETection[:STATe] command allows you to switch peak detection on or of PROGRAM EXAMPLE: cane sendi0, 8 2D Festina ota oh ‘At, Sendi0, 8, “SENSe:SHRep:REALtine ON". 1) “Realiva mode on CALL Send{D, 8, *SENSe:5 fon ON", E) +See pakatecion on,goad USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS a 4 Autoranging time base ‘The AUTO RANGE function of the Min Time Base (MTB) adjusts the time base automatically, o that two to six waveform periods are displayed on the screen. If ‘a wavotorm doesn't contain enough information to calculate its period, the time base is adjusted to acquite a minimum of two periods, One period of a signal is determined by threo successive crossings of the hysteresis band with the input signal, Tho lovel of the hysteresis band can bo set using the TRIGger:LEVel command. wereress | J 2 ee ee — Figure 318 Dothiton ofa sonal period Lavitarion ‘When operating with an acquisition length of 512 points, the maximum input frequency is 25 MHz. For alt other acquisition lengths, the maximum input frequency je 50 MHz. When the input frequency is greater than the maximum alias detection frequency, itis no longer possible to detect aliasing. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: sniate:comPinucse ON", 1) auto gen (Gger+200Rce TNTernali", 1) “Ses OHI tigge-saaoe Se: SWaep;TIME:ALTO OH" » Sesto ne base onUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 9-45 3.9. Post Processing ar, |S] Figure 3.17 Post processing conto! 3.9.1 Howto do post processing “The post processing functions CALCulate1 and CALCulaie2 comply with the frant panel functions MATH and MATH2 of the CombiScope instrument. They work ‘only in the digital moda. The use of the CALCulate functions is as follows: 1. Select the source forthe post processing function. 2. Speaity the settings of tho post processing function. 3. Enable the post processing function. 4 Check the result ofthe post processing function 3.9.1.1 Select the source for the post processing function. Select the trace that is to be sourced into the CALCulate function by sending the (CALOulateen>:FEED command, Examples: ‘Send —> CALCulatea:FEED "CHS" "Channel 3 = source for CALC2 ‘Sond ~} CALCulate:FEED "M2_1" “M2_1 = source for CALC! Empty traces may not be selected as inpul trace. A memory register 1 location (41_}) may nol be specified as the source (Feed) for CALCulatei and a memory register 2 location (M2_) may not be the source (feed) for CALCulate2. After a RST commend, CH1 becomes the input trace for both CALculate functions. Note: CH8 and CH4 cannot be selected as source for the PMSBX0A (CombiScape instruments.3-46 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS Lay | a oe ERs Ge oS B| | SC CL, Ted | Sl |) en ~ [bere Figure 3.18 Post processing teed dation 3.9.1.2 Specity the settings ofthe post processing function. ‘When desired, specity the settings of the post processing function to be used. The following settings can be programmed: = the fier typo of the FFT function RECTanguler | HAMMIng | HANNing ~ the width of the low-pass fitor window 3, 5, 7, .. 99, 41 points + the width ofthe diferential window 3, 8,7, ., 127, 129 points Example: ‘Send —> CALCulate2:TRANsform:FREQuency WINDow HAMIMing "Defines the Hamming fiter for the FFT process. 3.9.1.3 Enable the post processing function. Enable the desired post processing function by using the :STATe command of the calculate function concerned, The following post processing functions are avaliable: ‘STANDARD AVAILABLE: = mathematical calculations MATH = frequency fitering FiLTer:FAEQuency frequency domain transformations (FFT). :TRANsform:FREQuency OPTIONAL: = histogram transformation :TRANstorm:HISTogram + integrating traces ANTegral + diferentiating traces ‘DERivatve (alias DIFFerential) Example: Send —> CALCulate2.TRANsform:FREQuency'STATe ON ‘Enables EFT. ‘The post processing is automatically executed when a trace that is fed into the CALCulate function is changed. If a mathematical function is switched on, the other functions are automatically switched offUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3.9.1.4 Check the result of the post processing function. ‘The resutts of the post processing functions :MATH "TRANstonn:FREQuency “TRANstorm'HtSTogram are stored in M1_1 for CALCulatet and in M2_1 for CALCulate2, regardless of the input (feed) trace. “The rosutts of the post processing functions —:FiLTer:FREQuency INTegral :DERvative (or -DIFForentiat are stored in Mt_n or M2_n, depensing of the input source. When CH or Mi_n is the input trace for CALCulate’, the rosut is placed in M1_n (n= 1, 2, 3, 4) \When Clin or Mi_nis the input trace for CALCulate2, the result placed in M2_n (= 1,2.8,4) Example: ‘Send —> CALOulate2:FEED "CHS" Send ~> CALGuiate2:INTegral:STATe ON “The results that tne inegra of the channel 3 trace is placed in M2_3, ‘When the result of a calculation is saved in a trace memory location, the other trace locations of the same memory register are used by the calculate process, Data stored in these locations may be destroyed. For example, a CALculatet ‘process that stores the result in M1_2, may also destroy the contents of Mi_1 M1_8, and M1_4. The result of a CALGulate function that is stored in a trace memory can be read into the controler by using the TRACE” query. Exampi: Send > TRACE? M21 "Requests for M2_1 vace Read < :DATA? query allows you to read the caleulated amplitude and frequency value. RELATIVE FFT: A relative FFT calculation consists of « frequency (H2) and an amplitude in (2B), relative to the frequency component with the largest amplitude. ABSOLUTE FFT; ‘An absolute FFT calculation consists ofa frequency (H2) and an amplitude in dBm (48 with respect to 1 millwatt), dBA (dB with respect to t microvatt), of \Vems (Volt RIMS) as selected via the front pane! CURSORS - READOUT softkey manu, The tollowing FFT window functions can be selected using the CALCulate:TRANsform:FREQuency:WINDow cormanc: (© The FFT RECTangular function transforms a repetitive ime amplitude trace into its power spectrum © The FFT HAMMing and HANNing functions reduce the side lobes by applying ‘a Hamming respectively Hancing window to the input signal. This improves the visibilty of the minor frequency components if the limited area is not accurately selected, ‘The resulting FFT trace is a MINIMAX (envelope) trace, which means thal each ‘race point ls determined twice (one for the MINimum envelope and one for the MAXimum enveloge), The FFT trace points are scaled between +4 and ~4 divisions on the screen. So, the samples values that are returned as response to a TRACE? query are shifted 4 divisions upwards. The values ofthe resulting FFT trace points are between -0 dB and -80 dB. This results in the following reiaion ‘batweoen screen position and sample value:8-50 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS: Trace sample value Trace polnt bis eis value 100 © 25600» -OdB 7% 19200-1008 5012800» - 2008 2 6400-3008 trace ° 0 © -40dB | range -25 6400-5008 =50 -12800 = 6008 =75 -19200 -700B ¥ bottom =100 = 25600 - €0.¢8 Figure 3.19 ~ Relation between screen position and FFT value ‘TRACE POINT VALUES: FFT trace sample values, as enterad with the TRAGS:DATA? query, can be converted to FFT point value as follows: © Subtract from the sample value the offset value for 4 divisions: = for 8-bit samples: 4 * 25 = 100 = for 16:bit samples: 4 * 6400 = 25600 (© Mubtnly the resut with the following correction factor: = for Bbit samples: -10(dB) /-25=0.4 = for 16-bit samples: ~10(aB) /-6400 = 0.001625, So, the conversion from a trace sample value (Ts) to a trace point value (Ps) is expressed by the equations: = for &-it samples: Ps =(Ts~ 100)* 0.4 + for 16-bit samples: Ps = (Ts - 25600) + 0.015625 Note: Foran explanation of Ts and Ps, refer to section 3.4.3 “Conversion of trace data’, When relative FFT calculation is selected, the amplitude trace point values represent the relative strength of the frequency components. The component with the highest amplitude is taken as the reference level, eferred to as the 0 dB level When absolute FFT calculation is selected, the amplitude trace point values depend cn the absolute reference level as selected via the CURSORS - READOUT front panel menu, which can be one of the following: ~ dBm (ceference = + mW) with REFerence IMPedance of 500. = dBm (reference = 1 mW) wit REFerence IMPedance of 6002 + dBuV (reference = 1 4V) = Vrms (reference = RMS signal amplitude)USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3:81 Absolute FFT amplitudes are calculated from the tue signal using the information con the actual attenuator setting in the range from § Vidiv. to 2 mVidi. This resuits in an offset value to be added tothe relative FFT amplitude for each attenuator ‘selting. In any attenuator setting, the relerence level for the absolute FFT value is calculated trom a peak-to-peak amplitude of a sine wave on a screen of 6.34 visions. This amplitude equals an RMS value of: 634/2.fi=224 ‘This level is used as the reference level (top of screen) for the FFT amplitude display. For any attenuator seting, the reference level can be calculated as follows: 2.24 * Examples: AL20mVidiv.: 2.26 + 2044.8 mVims AU1OOmViiv: 2.24 © 100 = 224 mVims Fora 500 systom, a signal amplitude of 224 mVrms corresponds to the following ‘signal power: P= (0227/30 001 = L mw “This can also be expressed as a signal lovel of Od at 600 impedance. ‘The same voltage measured in a 60002 system corresponds 10 the following power level: P = (0.224)7/600 = 0,0000836 W = 83.6 pW “This can be calculated asa signal lovel of 10 ing (§848-6/1 wW) = 10°"iog (83.663) ~-107¢Bm ‘ims offset calculation: {A signal of 1 mW at 600 impedance is taken as voltage reference at 100 mVidi From this signal the RIMS voltage is calculated as follows: vrms = JPR Ma ES ¥3D) = 02236088 For a whole screen of 10 divisions, Urms = 2.286068. Depending on the attenuator setting, the Vrms offset volage is calculated as folows: Vans off Example for attenuator setting 0.5 Vidi Vim offset = 0.5 *2.236068 = 1.118084 sensation * Uemas9-52 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS dBm - 500 offset calculation: From the Vers offset value the dBm-500 ofiset value is calculated as follows: 4Bm-500 ofiset = 20 *'"log (Vis offset/0.2236068) Note: APR = [GET = 02236068 Example for attenuator setting 0.5 Viaiv dBim-S002 offset = 20 *"Iog (1.1190340.2236068) = 139794 dBm - 6000 offset calculation From the Vim offset value the d&m-6000 offset value is calculated as follows: Bim-C002 offset = 20 *"log (Vrms offser/0.7745967) Note: ACPFR) = JTES 600) = 0,7745967 Example for attenuator setting 0.5 Vici: dB-6000 offset = 20 *"log (1.118034/0.7745967) = 3.187874 dBRV offset calculation: From the Vims offset value the dV offset value is calculated as follows: ABU offser = 20 *"Iog (Vers offset/1 08-6) Note: OdBhV=1 pl (1.066 V) at 8002 impedance. Example for attenuator setting 0.8 Vid. ABU offset = 20°¢"tog (1.118034/18-6) = 120.9691USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3:53 SUMMARY OF CALCULATED OFFSET VALUES: ‘ATTENUATOR SETTING: Yims: dBmson: | _ sBm-e000: uv [8 Wav [+ tte0a¢ [+ snares | + easersse | + t40.6e1 pate 4+ aarorasa | + 25cc0 | + 15208767 | + 1900109 1 + 22zs6068 | + 200 + soate7e | 1269807 os, + tirana [+ 1374 [+ starsera | + 1208601 02 + as7etg6 | + 6.0208 4yn2ns | +1130103 ot; | + azeseoes | 0 so7ereig_| +1089607 50 miviw | > omens | 60206 | - saarzars | + 1009801 20 + oges7aie | - r3979a92 |» 2a7ria06 | + 3.010008 os + oe2sar | - 200 = S0791613_| + 85989708 5» oortteos | ~ 2520s | - seared | + socea07 Lz. + agosrar | - ssevea7 | - a477ia2 | + 7301008 Note: The PROGRAM EXAMPLE on the next page shows how it is programed. ‘TRACE POINT FREQUENCIES: ‘The horizontal frequency values {in Hz per point) are calculated from the trace sample index (point number of the sample in the trace), the acquisition length (TRACa:POINS), and the MTB (calculated trom the SENSe:SWEep:TIME) by the following equation: Fs = (csample idex> # 1250) / (TRAGe:POINts * MTB + 50) Restriction: Only trace sample data can be queried from trace memories; no {race administration data, such as acquisition length and MTB value. “The means that thase values must be queried from the actual input ‘channel signal, which is taken as the source for the FFT process. So, ‘ake care that he acquisition length nor the MTB is changed between aciivating the post processing function and reading the trace ‘memory where the post processing trace is stored,3-54 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS PROGRAM EXAMPLE: ‘The following program example converts a relative or absolute FFT trace of S12 samples follows: ‘of 1 oF 2 byles from the signal on channel 1 via the MATH! feature as © Before running this program, ist make the FFT selections desired via the front panel, such ae: > MATH - MATHT ‘on’ and “tt CURSORS “on” and 'mt.t" MATH - PARAM - FILTER "hamming’, ‘hanning’, or rectang” MATH - PARAM - READOUT “rel to Select relative FFT. MATH - PARAM - READOUT “abs' to select absolute FFT. CURSORS - READOUT “dim + 500", ‘dBm + 6002", "ABR", or ‘vers (© Request the following valves: > The acquisition length using the TRACe:POINIs? CHt query. > The sweep time fo calculate the MTB using the SENSe:SWEep:TIME? query, MTB = (swoep_time * 50) /(acquistion_tength - 1). ‘The calculation factor to determine the Sample point frequencies is determined as follows: cal 250 / (acquisition length * MTB * 50). > The peak-to-peak voltage to calculate the attenuation using the SENSe: VOLTage:RANGE:PTPeak? query. Attenuation = peak ak 8, >. The FFT type, ie, ABSolute or RELative, using the CALCulate: TRANstorm:FREQuency:TYPE? query. (© Read the FFT trace from memory register rt.t using the TRACE? M_1 query, © Convert ang print the frequency and amplitude values of the FFT trace sample points according to the formulas as explained before. Note Note: ‘The program prints the calculated values n groups of 20 sample points on the screen of your computer. The program is supplied on floppy under fle name EXFFTTRC.BAS.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-55 39.5 Histogram functions ‘The HiSTogram funetion calculates an amplitude distrbution of the ineoming trace. The umber of points in the histogram trace is 512. Each point in the histogram specifies the number of times that a data point of the incoming trace is Within @ particular ampltude bolt. Since thore aro 512 histogram points, there are also 512 amoltude belts. The range of the ampiftude belts is determined by the selected peak-to-peak range (SENSe:VOLTage:RANGa:PTPeak} and is ‘expressed by the folowing equation: amplitude belt = peak-to-peak range [512 Notice that @ histogram contains 512 valid data points. The number of points (TRACe:POINts) of the trace memory location where the histograms stored, may ‘exceed this value. In that case the values of the trace positons above 512 have tobe ignored. ‘The histogram Is displayed on the screen in the area between +8 and -2 divisions vertically, and between the third and the seventh division horizontally. The horizontal axis rapresents the amplitude in vols. The vetical axis represents the: umber of occurrences of an amplitude In percents PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL Sendi0, 8, *caLculatesTRAMIsfors 29.6 Frequency filtering ‘The FILTer function periorms digital low-pass fitering to suppress undesired frequency noise, The width of the fiter window can be programmed from 3 to 41 points inincrements of2 points. After a “ST command, the number of points is 19, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL Senaic, 6, seaLc e:PILtor / FREQuency:POR 5 ler gins pesPELTar :FRBQuency:S7ATE ON", 2) “Fer CALEA on cath 8286 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS, 3.10 Trace Memory The trace memory of the CombiScopes insitumenis consists of space for channel acquisition traces (CH1 to CHA) and memory register traces (Mt to MB and MS to MO extended). The amount of acquisition and register space depends on the following! © Whether the CombiScope instrument is equipped with standard or with extended memory. © The specified ecquistion length (number of trace samples) with the ‘TRAGe:POINIs command, Example: Send -> TRACe:POINts CH1,8192 ‘This command specifies an acquistion length of 8192 samples forall traces. Notes: - Only the folowing trace acquisition longths can be programmed: 512, 2024 (2K), 4096 (4K), 8192 (BK), 16384 (16K), or 32766 (32K) + Ita diferent acquisition lenath is progranimed, the contents of all acquisition and register space is cleared. So, al previously stored traces are lost! + After a*RST command, the number of trace sampies is 512. ~ The resulting traces of the post processing functions are always stored in memory register T for CALCulatey functions and in memory register 2 for CALCulate? functions. =] Sr] [a Note: For standard memory, 8 memery registers are available (MT to ME). For extended memory 50 memory registers ere avaiable (M1 10 M0). Figure 3.20 Trace memory control Note: CHS and CHa cannot be selected as the source for the PM33x0A CombiScope instruments. instead the external channel can be selected, 2g, MIE,USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-57 “The following table shows the relation between the trace acquisition length (TRAGe:POIN's) and the availabie channel (CHx) and mamory traces (Mx). TRACE:POINs CHANNELS: MEMORY REGISTERS: ‘STANDARD: (PM33x0A) 512 4 QED Mi. MB. 2k 4 (QsExT) NM 4K 2 @ Mi M2, 8K 1 {none} Mt M2, EXTENDED: (PM33x0A) 512 \¢ @exn Mi. M50 a 4 (@4EXT) Mi. 2, 16k 2 2 Mt. me, 82K 1 (none) Ms. 2 Note: Standard 8K or extended 32K not applicable for the PIMS3x0A CombiScope instruments, Examples: Standard memory 4K acquisition length allows, for example: CHI + M1_14.M2_14 CHS + M13 + M23 = Extended memory 32K acquisition length allows, for exam: CH2 + M2 + M22 Table3.2 Relation between acquisition length and available trace memory Note: Delayed Time Base (DTB) acquisition traces are only saved in the Ht to CH memory, when the acquisition length is 512 samples. OTB ‘2cquisitions can only be defined via front pane! operations. 3.10.1 Trace formatting ‘The FORMat command allows you to format the resolution of trace sample values. The resolution is determined by speciying the number of bits used to code the sample values of all trace acquisitions. Trace samples can be programmed to be formatted as 16 bts (2 bytes) or as 8 bits (1 byte). After a *RST ‘command, the number of trace sample bits is 16 (2 bytes). Notice that the ‘contents of acuistion and register space is not cleared when 2 different trace ‘format s programmed. PROGRAM EXAMPLE ‘cab Sendl0, 8, cent, 1) Lenght sample = 16s CALE Gengi0, 8, “FORME 1 1) “Mong ota sands» isUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.10.2 Copying traces to memory The TRAGe:COPY command allows you 10 copy the contents of @ memory register to another memory register. This allows you to fl a memory register with traces from one ofthe following sources: © Copy an acquisition trace from one of the input channels. Example: Send TRACe:COPYM1_2,CH2 —° Copies from CH2 to M1_2 Note: The result ofthis command is also thatthe acquisition traces of other channels (CHn) are copied into M1_n, provided channel Clin is on. So, all previously stored traces in Nt are lost! © Copy a previously stored trace from another trace memory register. Example: Send —> TRAGe:COPY M2_2,M1_2 ‘Copies from M1_2 to M2_2 Note: The result ofthis command is also that al stored traces of M2_N are ‘copied into M'1_n, provided a trace was stored before. So, all previously stored traces in M2 are lost! PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALL Sendo, &, *+ROT "Ohana "Chara, 2,3, 40 CALL Send(0, §, "SENSe:FUNCtion ‘xrmMe:voLTaged’*, 2) “Crane! dao en CALL Sendt0, &, “TRACE:COFY W2_A,cHI", 1) "Thoresit tae sequen wage the cherie 7 and ae copia MO. eect 29 CALL SendiC, 8, "TRACE:CORY MB_1.MC_L*. 11 "The reais at ine preety soe races mE_1 and ME_3are copia MB eapcivol 88USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.10.3 Writing data to trace memory ‘The TRACE command allows you to write data from the cortrolir into a memory register. The following possibilities are available © Write a previously read trace using the TRACE? quary. Example: Send TRACE? CH ‘Queties for CHS trace Read < trace block> "Reads trace data block Send + TRACe M2_3,ctrace block> "Writes data block to M2_3 ‘The resul is that trace area M2_3s filed with the acquisiton trace of channel 3 Programming note ‘Tho fixed command part (TRACe M2_8,) and the vatiable must be sent without EO! detection and detection ofthe EOL (End Of Line) code, because the -OATA? query allows you to acquire measured data as displayed on the upper line(s) of the screen of your ‘CombiScope instrument. The folowing measured data values can be selected by sspecitying the number ens in the query: NUMBER : MEASUREMENT VALUE: 12 MEAS1, MEAS2 data 10, 14, 12, 13, 20, 21, 80, 40, 51, 52 (CURSORS data 60,61 MATH - FFT frequency, amplitude MEAS T/MEAS2 DATA: ‘The MEAS] and MEAS2 functions must te enabled and sslacted via front pane! ‘control. MEAS1 data is read by sending the DISPiay:WINDow:TEXT1:DATA? ‘query and MEAS2 data by sending the DISPlay:WINDow:TEXT2:DATA? query, followed by reading the response strings. “The format of a response string is as folows: -emeas_type>,, DESCRIPTION. _ *RST ‘Switches MEAS1 & 2 off Send ~ DISPlay:MENU MEASure "Switches MEASURE menu on ‘Send ~ SYSTem:KEY 2:KEY 4 ‘Switches MEAS? and MEAS2 on Send -+ DISPlay:WINDow-TEXT1:DATA? ‘Requests MEAS1 dala Read — pkpk,6000E-04, ‘Response = peak-to-peak 0.6 vot. CURSORS DATA, ‘The CURSORS function offers a wide variety of voltage and time readouts. The following readout selections can be made via the CURSORS - READOUT sottkey Set MEAS2 function on and select MEAS2-tis Dos prese any key on the controller keyboard when fi 2) Quetasterets "Roads vote aie 'jlreeponse$, TSCUTS = 1) 2, (DESPlaysuinbowsteT2 -oeTA??. 1) *Qubios free raive(, @, responses, 255) "Roads te realsUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-68 3.11.22 Display of user-defined text ‘The DISPlay:WINDow2-TEXT commands allow you to define and clear the user {ext on the screen area of your CombiScope instrument, After a *RST command, the display of the previously defined user text is turned oft PROGRAM EXAMPLE 1: (toxt as string data) CADE Sondt0, ©, ‘DISPhay uNBoW?: (Cat, Senai}0, 8, “DISPLay :5NINDow 12 Erle play oftet ‘Remote contzol'". 1) Disa the ert lem contol on the eee cf yeu ConbScope staan. PROGRAM EXAMPLE 2: (lext as block data) cause Sendo. Gears tte ALL Send (0 0) Die: 125 CHL Senaio, Dipaye 0 cass. Sena “Deploys CH slay teen 1.25187 CH othe zen l your Combcove insur Note: The ASCII character 25 (=|) is displayed as ® on the screen of your CombiScope instrument. 11.2.3 Selection of softkey menus The DISPiay:MENU commands allow you to select and enable the display of @ softkey menu. Ita menu is selected via the D!SPlay:MENU command, the visplay is automatically enabled. After @ »RST command, the display of softkey menus is umed off, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: send(0, 8, “DESPLa Dw CORSons*, 1) Seecsand dias he [CURSORS man. Play :tiMu:sTage OFF*, 1) “Sethesthe CURSORS mew tip of “i senate, @3-68 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.12 Print/Plot Functions ‘The HCOPy:DEVice command allows you to select a hardcopy device, ‘The following selections can be made: DEWICE: TPE: NOTE: Plotter HPGL HPGL plot data format Piotior E7440 Piotior HP7850 Plotter HP74754 Piotter HP74708 Plotter PMa277 Plotter PMee76 Printer Fx@0 Epson FXB0 compatibies (9 points) Printer P2225 Thinklet Printer 1LQ1500_" Epson LQ1S0 compatbies (24 points) Printer HPLASER HP LaserJet series I & ll Generator DUMP_M1_—_Trace dump to one ofthe arbitrary waveform generators PMS138, PM5139, or PMB150. ‘The HCOPy:DATA? query allows you to request a hardcopy of the picture on the screen of your CombiScope instrument. The response data is formatted according to the current printer‘plotter options, which can be seloctad via the front panel UTILITY menu, After @ «RST command, the option “plotter; HPGL is selected. ‘The response dala to # HCOPy:DATA? query can be sent to a connected platter cr printer 19 make a hardcopy. The response data is sent as block data of Indefinite length and is therefore, preceded by the preamble #0 of 2 bytes. This, preamble must be removed from the beginning ofthe block data, befcre sending to a plotter oF printer device.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. 3-67 ons O80 Frsporee] faeng —“L_POTTER | 1) Sena tne ory ae ete COP} ON? va the GB 1 ft PRINTER 2) Read the block response al fs Gain iste GP = «Sond in pent cata pat ow | [3] | some pert woof Sarae (J conraoutes = Figure 3.22 Hardcopy of screen on printeriplotter PROGRAM EXAMPLE: Select one of the supported GPIE plotters, set iis address at 22 and connect the plotter via IEEE to the controller, Create a screen picture on the DSO that you ‘want to plot and run the following program. "Dimers aes aay. DIM respo: -Dimersonsesperse sing CALL TEINDIO, 13) “Tina 1 eceres Lt Send. L Receiveto, 8, Jensen = TECK Te at 2carcarlha rescore lok esta are #0 (resi for nit eg. Thay musts santo he plter s, sen naar 3 ul Seng » Selec the PMB2T? pit eq er arcony data ads ho rarcopy de. BENT = rumba ore yes a, length ~ ) Ne End eaten "Eno aa bookUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.13 Real-Time Clock ‘The reabiime clock keeps track of the current date and time. The date and time are stamped on acquired waveforms to be sent io @ computer oF to be output 10 ‘a hardcopy device, The time of stampings also the time ofthe acquisition tigger. ‘The SYSTem:TIME command sets the time in hours, minutes, and seconds. Only '8.24-hours time format is supported. The format of the displayed time cannot be ‘solectes. “The SYSTem:DATE command sets the date in years, months, and days. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: {2 14,25,36", 1) Sots Potime 026 minutos ant 96 seconds gat 2elokin he aercen Senda, By *SYSem:DATE 1993, 12,157, 1) Sash dt december 1898, 3.14 Auto Calibration Calloration Is only possible whan the CombiScope instrument is warmed up. The ingirumont data is calibrated automatically by sending the *CAL? ot the CALioration? query. The internal calibration lasts several minutes. A “O" result is returned after correct calipration, and a "1" result is returned when the calibration fallod. Notice that the response to the calioration query i only returned when the calibration has complatod. During the calibration process bit 0 *Calibating’ is set in the operation status. condition ragister. Ths bit cannot be read during the execution of the *CAL? or CALibration? query, because these queries are sequential commands, This bit ccan be read aller sending the CALibration command, which is an overlapped command. The completion of the CALibration command is reported in the Standard Event Status Register (ESA) bt 0 (OPC bit set to 1). When the calibration is finished, bit 8 in the QUEStionable status reports a possibie calibration error if set to 1}. Note: Execute calioration only whon itis needed, 6.0, when a message on the ‘screen of your CombiScope instrument requests 10 do so.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-69 PROGRAM EXAMPLE: calipeste the 4 Chiu Send (0, 8, “+CaL?*, Sine ne celeron 0 Disab he feo ecaiss the ronent and pr ni Receive (0. @. responses, 256) ‘iat aeration fri ra aos heel cast omen, Settee cutback 19 seconds LEFTS (resbonseS, 11 =ay nse : teworg RIND ‘Cali sstul* PROGRAMMING NOTE: Status bt 0 in the operation status can be used to generale a Service Request (SRO) when the calibration Is finished, ie, when bt 0 becomes zero. This gives you the advantage that the program can do something else until the SRO is ‘generated. Therefore, program the folowing os PE GOSUB Ses Dofnss Sane’ reine cal ater SRO PEN O¥ aves SRO mech: 14. “+ statue :oPEeation:TRaneition 1 ‘sett (Caireton toe inthe cae crept anton fer 100) Send Statue:oPBRacion:ENABLe 2 "Enabir tt Oforbaing pore ne send sas yt (STB, "Enzo (OPER r Serve Requost Enable (SAE reir er generaton an SAO, send > +Rst ‘Reser he rst Send > vLs Clas te setus die Send — caLibration Stet calrton3-70 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.15 Status Reporting Status reporting is done via the status reporting system, which is completely describedin chapter 5 "THE STATUS REPORTING SYSTEM" of the SPI Users Handbook. The following figure shows the principle of the standard Status Byte (STB) register and the Service Request Generation (SRQ) mechanism: eee Ese Soot a Bayete Sim wan [oe] ees | Poses om sexe tage __7hqjs]«[e]2|: [| ee Figure 823 The status reporting model for CombiScope instruments 3.15.1 Status data for the CombiScope instruments, “The following status data applias to the CombiScape instruments: ‘© For the meaning of tho bts of the OPERation status, ofer to section 3.15.1.1. © For the meaning of the bits of the GUEStionabie status, refer to section 3:15.12, © For the meaning ofthe bits of the standard Event Status Register, refer to the ‘command reference for tne +ESR? quary. ‘© The message output queue can contain about 250 data bytes, ‘© The errorfevent queue can contain 20 error messages before ft overtiows.USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. SS.1.1 Operation status data ae | ewormamcopien | Figure 3.24 The Operation Status structure BIT. MEANING 0 CALibrating This bitis set during the time thatthe instrument is performing a calibration 2 RANGing “Tris btis set during the time thatthe instrument is autoranging (autoseting). 3 SWEeping ‘This bit is set when the sweep (a data acquisition) i in progress. This bit is, reset to zero when the datz acquisition is finished. At the same time, the ‘OPC it (0) inthe standard Event Status Register (ESA) Is set, Only valid for ‘multiple-shot mode (INiTiate:CONTinuous OFF), 8 Waiting tor TRIGger ‘This bitis set when the rigger system is initiated (INITiate) and waiting for a trigger to start an acquisition. This bit is reset to zero as soon as the instruments triggered and the acquisition started. Only valid fr single-shot ‘and multiple-shot mode (INITiate:CONTinuous OFF) 8 Digital mode ‘This bit is set when the CombiScope instrument is in the digital mode 9 PassFail valid ‘This bitis set when the passial status at bt 19 is valid. 10 Pass/Fail status This bitis set ifthe passtfal test has failed Ifbit = t and bit 10 =O, the test has passed If bit @= 1 and bit 10 = 1, the test has failed Table 3.8 The Operation Status bitsa.72 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS, 3.15.1.2 Questionabie status data conomon kort wotroae — 6 } i i 5 3 ‘enor 42] 3 ° ql a cameo 13 4 ontsad : : i i He ar STATUnOUESbensle;CONDAIN? | Preston) | iRnaton’) ——— jae a taaieuauetag| | ein SeesuUHHEE Figure 9,25 The Questionable Status structure BIT: MEANING: 0 VOLTage ‘This btis set f adigtal sample value is clipped at the maximum or minimum value while @ FETCh? query is done on the sample array. This bt is also set lf FETCH? query did not succoed because the shape of the waveform dic ot match the measure function request. Example: FETCh:FREQuenoy? in the case of only nal a sine wave. 4 TEMPerature This bit is set by the instrument if the difference between the current temperature and the temperature at tne moment of the last calibration ‘exceads a certain level, This is an indication that the instrument must De calibrated. The temperature is sensed internally about naif an hour after power on, This bits reset after power on and after calibrating 8 CALibration ‘This bitis set by the instrument when an internal callration did not complete successfully, This bit is reset after power on and after successful caipration, © Overlord 508 This bit is set by the instrument when any S00 input terminator is exerioaded. This bit is reset after power on. or if none of the input terminators is overloaded. Table 3.4 Tho Questionable Status bitsUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS. ___ 8:78 3.15.2 How to reset the status data The «CLS command allows you to clear the following status data structures: © Al ovent status resistors. such as the following: = standard event status eqister (ESR) + status byte register (STB) © operation event status ragister (STATus:OPERation:EVEN!) = questionaole event status register (STATus:QUEStonabie:EVEN}) © The Enrorievent queve. ‘The STATus:PRESet command presets the fiters and enable register of the ‘operation and questionable status data in such @ way thal device-dependent ‘evants are reported. The result is as follows: STATUS REGISTER _DATASTRUCTURE __ PRESET VALUE (OPERation | ENABIc registor (0000 hex PTRansitoa fiter FFF nox. NTRansition titer 0000 hox. QUEStionable ENABie register 0000 hex. PTRanstton filter TFFF hex NTRansition fiter (0009 hex Note: A*AST command does pot affect he contents of “event registers - event enable registers output queues transition fitars PROGRAM EXAMPLE: sendio, 8 dio. + Clears theevertegtrs + arceventaueut c*, 1) “Pregts reenable roger tsa.74 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.18.3 How to enable status reporting ‘Tho principle of using the status reporting mechanism Is explained by showing two program examples. inthe trst example the standard Status Byte (STB) is chocked to signal ‘operation compiotad”. In the second example the SRQ mechanism Is. used to signal "operation completed” by generating a Service Request 8.18.8.1 Program example using the status byte (STB) PROGRAM EXAMPLE: Jn this example the standard status byte (STB) Is checked to detect whether or not a "CONFigure:AC" + "INITiate" operation is completed. It completed, the program continues by fetching and printing the AC-RMS valve. ETVO(0, 13) Teneout 10 scons E Sondi0, 8, *4R87, 2) + Feoets the insarert 1k senaio, 2) ‘ESE 1", 2 Eratos OPC (0) ESE OPetate Complies repaid bt 5 (E38) othe SE ater sen +OFC CALL gendi0, 8, TcONPigurexact, Adora coniguatien This command forces be steno sl he OF "uhenallpening cseraions hevsboen fish “a Sng itason 8, *aScE2", "Roguosts oho STB CAUL Receive|0, 3, results “Reads he STB IP (WeLtreseles) AND 32) THEN "28818 aue 2) ESB.bit.eet = 1 “Operate complies Feahee ACAMS value "Reads AC RUS vate Pints ACAIMS valueUSING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-75 8.18.3.2 Program example using a service roquest (SPQ) PROGRAM EXAMPLE: {mn this example the "Service Request mechanism is used to detect whether or ot a "CONFigure:AC’ + “INIT operation is completed. If completed, an SRO Is generated to continue with fetching and printing the AC-RMS value srg.detected = 0 ON FEN GoSuB SereRed Defnes SROoWiNe PEN on “Enabts SROToure CALL 191010, 13) Temaot i 10 seconds GALL Sendo, 8, "eRSTe, 1 Roses he nerumert ALU Send(0, €, “*ESE 17. J Seis Poa n=SR * -OPeraior. Completed repaint (ES) ST ater sening -OPC. CALE Send, 8, *eSRE 32, 1) "Sots ESB. hn SAE og SRO generation at "OPerton Comte is nates CALL Sendo, 8, ‘caHPigu CALL Sendo, &, "THIMace Cant Sendo, @, “saRC™, 1 "This commard oes ts insert isl the CPC ne STB “when l pening opetetene eve been nes. a 2)‘ Autorate configuration 1) Sing intaton wiirLE sRQ.detected = 0 "Bo semting le whe war for SRG cein wnen SAG dertad = 1 CALL Send, 8, *FETCHAC?", 1) Felcos AG-RNS vale CAL Receivel0, 8. results. 256) “Reads ACANS vabe PRINT *AC-RHS value HD / Pants AG RUS ave FRE request generated because of Oper: CALL ReadStatussyce!0, &, stytet) ‘Sefal olor status tye a esate SAO-necranism PRIND "9mB byt mytet CALL Sena(o, 8, "+BsR7", 1) " Quariasohe crt Event Sas git acer he OPC CALL Receive|0, 6, resps, 256) PRINT "ASR ryte ="; resy SRO. dzt:s-76 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.18.4 How to report errors Instrument errors usually causad by programming or setting ertors, can be reported by the instrument during the execution of each command. To make sure that a program is running properly, you should quary the instrument for possible errors after every funcional command. This is done by sendng the SYSTem:ERRor? query or the STATus:QUEue? query to the instrument, folowed by reading the response message. However, through this practice the same "error reporting’ statements must be repeated after sending each SCP command. This Is not always practical. Therefore, one of the following approaches is adviced: 1) Send the SYSTem:ERRor? or STATus:QUELe? query and read the instru- ‘ment rosponse message after every group af commands that functionally oolong to each other. 2) Program an error-reporting routine and call this routine after each command ‘oF group of commands. For an example of an error-reporting routine, refer to section 3.16.4.1 8) Program an error-reporting routine and use the "Service Request (SRO) Generation’ machanism to Interupt the execution of the program and to ‘execute the errar-reporting routine. Therefore, reler to section 3.16.42. 3.16.4.1 Enror-reporting routine Sand the SYSTem:ERRO"? oF STATus:QUEue? query and read the instrument response alter every group of commands thal functionally befong to each other, by calling an eror-reparting routine after each group of commands, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: DIM vesponse AS STRING + 30 Send (0. 8, “CONIguee:ac (@21*, 11 “Conigues ior ACANS “Paes 20 easements ends the ACAMS alib "Prat ACAMS valve Chek ferinrumert eres appiacatron _o8YoReR: sR Guns for a tom ao! CALI Reve 8, responses, 256) ‘Reads the neue ever PRINE “Error: *} reaponees "Pats th ment ro:USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3-77 3.15.4.2 Error-reportng using the SRO mechanism Program an error-eporting routine and use the “Service Request (GRQ) ‘Generation’ mechanism to interrupt the execution of the program to execute the ertor-reporting routine. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: OW PEN GOSUB Errorcheck rrore fron the error que Subroutine reading al Loop uti 0 No sner* “Sens ororeuey Roads eror sting PRINT "Error = "2 splays enor tng wend3-78 USING THE COMBISCOPE INSTRUMENTS 3.16 Saving/Restoring Instrument Setups This level of programming involves all functions in the CombiScopes instruments, i.e, complete instrument setups are processed. This allows you fo program one for more functions thet are not individually programmable. The following possibilities can be progremmes: ‘© Restoring initial settings, © Seving/restoring complete setups via internal memory © Saving/restoring complete or partical setups via the GPIB controller. 3.16.1 How to restore initial settings Initial setings can be restored by sending the +RST command. This resets the instrument-specific functions to a detauit state and selects the digital mode. PROGRAM EXAMPLE: "Resets the nuent fr eset ves, elo othe -ASToonmand in fe earerand eter) 3.16.2 Howto savelrestore a setup via instrument memory ‘Complete instrument setups can be stored and recalled via one of the intemal memories of tie CombiScope instrument. The settings in recall memory 0 are the intial setings. The settings in the recall memories 1 through 10 are user programmable, PROGRAM EXAMPLE: CALE Sendt0, B, rene 3 + Saves the comes insert seta nt mero 3. 1) Racalsthe comple rsmunar: stip tom marry, 3.16.3 How to savelrestore a setup via the GPIB controller ‘Complete instrument setups or a part of the setup (node) can be stored and recalled via the extemal memory of the controler using the SYSTem:SET? ‘cnade> query (store setup} and SYSTem:SET command (recall setup. PROGRAM EXAMPLE ge AS STRING + 350 sores soa for strumersatngs 0, 8, *s¥sTensET?™ Gures ir tne compete nseurert soup ( signs. Example: means a boolean value. Terminal symbols, ‘Terminal symbols consist ofa sequence of itrals that use the standard ASCII character set. Any ASCII symbol that is not a meta symbol or anon-terminal symbol is considered to bea iteral4:2 COMMAND REFERENCE Notes: (1) A message that is specified as a sequancy of Iiterals can be sent to the Inetrument in any upper or lower case combination. The case of the characters has no semantical meaning. (2) Upper and lower case characters in a syntax specification are used to distinguish between the short and tong form of a mnemonic. Upper case specifies the mandatory short form of 2 mnemonic. The lower case ‘characters specily the remaining part ofthe (optional) long for, () Literals that are non-printable ASCII characters are underlined. For exemple, the symbol NL is used to specify the Now Line character (OA nezeemal) (4) Some syntax specifications uso the control symbol ®. The characters that follow this symbol spacity a special message that is concurrently sent with the proceding data byte. For example, NU"End specifs that the NL code is ‘sent concurrently with the End message (via the EO! line of the GPIB interface), META SYMBOL: MEANING: EXPLANATION: = Is defined to be Specifies equal. Example: = FLUKE 1 Allemative Specifies an "sither’ Yor' choice. Example: = 01 1 ca Non-terminal A nor-terminal is a message element symbol ‘whose syntax specification is defined elsewhere. Example: A node can be specified as INPuten>. ‘The definition of = [1] |2is specified st another fine or even somewhere aise jel Default ‘This means that the syntax may ormay not coniain the message element in between the square brackels, without changing the semantical meaning. Example: MEASuro[:VOLTage]:DC]? means that MEASure:VOLTage:DG? Is the same as MEASUre? or MEASure:VOLTage? or MEASure:DC? (ad Repetition ‘Spociios that the message element in botwoen the curly brackets may be repeated 0 or more times. Exampla: - (-} species a comma separated sequence of one of more and < in & string expression are considered as meta symbols, When these characters are to be sent as literals ina string, they are placed between quote characters. Example: The specication "CHen>", where =|1]!2, specifies the following strings: "CH" |"CH1" |*CH2" . but “Number *>" 2° specifies the sting characters Number > 2 44.2. Data typos NARS = | | Decimal Numeric Data, NRL: signs edigit> () Notation for specifying a decimal number, e.g. 178. signs = [4] I- isthe same format as , excep! that it uses ‘an explicit decimal point and may ar may not be procaded by a sign, @.g., 178.56, = - is the samo format as , except that an exponent is added, 0.g., 1.7956 E + 02.4a COMMAND REFERENDE: aoa = “ = -choxadecimal_data> = - = - = = - = = dab> = - = digits = = channel list> = digit» (ecigit=} Integer notation that specifies a number. - | | =binary_data> Any decimal or non-decimal numeric data type. YH Is one of the characters 0. 9 0° A..F 4Q } - is one of the digits 0.7. 4B ( } scbinary_digit> = 011 011 OFFI ON, O equals OFF; 1 equals ON, - ‘This is used to transfer data that consists of any arbitrary 8 dit codes, 0 (} This data type is of indefinite longth and must be terminated by NL*END. Any arbitrary 6 bit data byte code. 4 digit» () This data type is of definite length -cigit> specifies the number of bytes of , specifies the number of bytes, ‘One of the ASCII characters 0 . 8 - { } ‘ is any alphabetic ASCII character Sequence of ASCII characters placed between single or double quotes. Examples: “Thisis a string! This also! (8 NR} Example: (@2)COMMAND REFERENCE 4.2 Command Summary The following lis is @ summary of all commands and parameters in alphabetical ‘order, beginning with the common commands. The corresponding queries of the commands are not isted. If @ command has no query, this Is reported in the column NOTES as ‘no query’. If only a query exists, it is reported inthe column NOTES as “query only’ ‘coMMAND: NOTES: PARAMETERS: SCAL? +08 $ESE ESR? SDN? +0PC OPT? ROL sRST SAY *SRE “S78? sTRG s1sT? numeri, data ‘cumeric datas -curerie data curr dala> query only response =011 ro query range 285 query ony query ony response ta “OPO? is alays t query only wal4:8 COMMAND REFERENCE COMMAND: PARAMETERS: NOTES: BORE no quoy CALCulateen> | em ai]12 DERivatve alas =O1FFerentsl POINTS -crumeri.data> IMAKIMIN. range=9,5,.. 128 ‘STATE Bociean> FEED “evace_name: -drace_narme> = CH | Min 1.4 8 (standard meron) 50 extended memory) Fter GATE} -FREQuency PINs -cuzeri.date> IMAXIMIN, range =9,5,. 41 State Boolean INTegral State «Gealean> MATH [EXPRessior} ———_(erace_name> te name>} -trace_name> = Hn M0 operations = h-1 state Beslan ‘TRANSoIm -FREQuercy ‘state -Boolean> TYPE ABSolute | RELative :wINDOW RECTengular | HAMing | HANNng HiSTogram STATa Boolean ALeraton ALL] response ‘CONFigure see Note 1,2, and 3 EVOLTage] -rneasure_fundtion> —([evtage_parameters>)) ~resure_parameters>| [channel fsb]COMMANDREFERENCE a7 ‘COMMAND: PARAMETERS: NOTES: DisPay BRIGhIness NAb |MAXimum | MINirum —- :WINDonft] TEXTen> sem £1121 10111 121181201 21130140151 152180181 ATA? query only :WINDow2 TEXT] ‘CLEAR ro query DATA | STATe FETOR see Note 1.2.3 ane ¢ EVOLTage] response = cmaasure functions? [\evolage_paramslrs>),) } (echanne_isblebace ist) FORMet para] type> ( -FREQuency? IMPedance “NR MAX MIN POLatty NORLMalIverted INSTument NSELect ) ] READ 500 Note 1,2, and [vOLTege} response = ‘rieasute functions? [l)] scmeasureparameters>] (chanel ist)COMMAND REFERENCE 4:9 ‘COMMAND, PARAMETERS: notes: SENSE AVERage (STATE) Booleans ‘COUN Ni IMAXimum IMINimum —— " query OFF “xTIMewVOLTage<. >" no query STATE? “xTINewVOLTane<.> query ony jlaiai4 SUN 12 SUM 34 ‘SWEep “OFFSet THE -eNRs | MAXmurn | MiNemum st tigger day tine prectrigger view ine PDETection “ (jlaisia (09) RANGE AUTO ‘Booleans !OFFSet Rb | MAXKimum MiNiram Teak - range = 0. 82767 PTRanation nue. at> PRESe! /QUEStenabie EVEN? -OONDIton? ENABIe - 78 PACE YON NONE EVEN |OD0 | NONE MRD Ab NRE years SET SET? ‘TIME VERSion? TRACE ‘COPY DATA PONS |MAXimum Mira nlite bocko -nede_ numbers NAD chs NAS «destination trace>, source race> ery only R= 1.6 tor. 13 hal 801.18 response = ‘hour , ‘uery ony ‘alas = DATA destination raoe> = Min -source_trace> (On | Mn! EXT 4e i= t..8 (anders) i= $50 (extended) destination trac, cette blog - [eM MAX | Mima) -eNRib (standart) = 15/21 2088 | 4096 18192 NR (extend) = 51218192) 16984 | 32768,COMMAND REFERENCE 0th COMMAND: PARAMETERS: NOTES: Tigger [:SEQuence{t} | STARE Filter PASS FREQuency SE 30 2 = HPeect STATe LPASS FREQuency 0110134 1 courting 1D =AC coupling 000 = LF-ejet STATe Booleans HOLDot! ARP Niu MAXI Level -eNRY> | MAX | MIN AUTO Boolean ‘SLOFe POStive I NEGatve | EITHer ‘SOURoe "NiMediateINTeralens | LINE 1BUS | ExTemal ee t}i21314 TYPE EDGE |ViDeo | LOGie | GLITeh Deo FEL ENUMBe} 112 ‘ve fietdt mole 'SELec! ALL NUMBer ALL = lines agesng NUNBer = fle triggering FFORWMat [vvPe) PALISECAMINTSC| HOTV ——vidoo standard APFReme $251 62511050 1125| 1250, utero lines por frame LUNE [-]} Note 2: -emeasure functions _measure_parametets> AC AANPLitude (oo) FALL ‘OVERshost ‘PREShoot TIME [crelerence_lows tlerence_higho| caxpected_ times []) -FREQuony Feompocid frequency» [requency_resciion>] HIGH LOW ‘MAXimum Nim NDUTYeyoe [eteerence_ mide NWO [ereterence_met>) PDUTyeyele [croferenee_mit>] PERod [cexpectes_parcc> | ] -TPeak PWD [eteterenoe_ mids] STHAXimum STMiNrum FISE SOVERshact :PREShoot TIME [eteforence lou> [ [time rescuion] alas for POUTeyoe alias for FALLTIE tas or AISETIVE ronnieb = erleziesies Nate 4 tage Bb = ‘ect ect acs! @cxs M41 @M_2 1 8M. 81 GML 8 (6tandaré memory) 50 (extended merry)COMMAND REFERENCE 4-19 4.3 Command Descriptions ‘The description of corresponding commands and queries is combined. Each ‘commandiquery description starts on a new page. A description consists of the following part: COMMAND HEADER syntax: Specifies the syntax of a command or query (header + parameters) to be placed on the GPIB. Different programming languages (such as BASIC, C, Pascal) have differant ways of representing data that isto be output onto the GPIB, It Is up to the programmer to determine the methods to output the ‘command required for the programming language used, Alias: Specifies alternative syntax possibilties. Query form: SSposifios the syntax of the corresponding query (optional Response: ‘Specifies the response of the instrument to a query (optional). Description: Describes wnat the commandiquery does. limitations: ‘Specifies possible limitations with respect to using and operation Example: Program examples are included with each command description. ONLY THE COMMAND STRING IS GIVEN. No other programming details aro shown, because the method used to send the command string differs, depending tupon the GPIB drivers and programming language used. Notation used Send — Example: send — “oP This means: send the query “OPT? 10 the instrument Read « Example: Read — TEER:0:0,MP:0:0 This means: read the response IEEE:0:0,MP:000 from the instrument.A COMMAND REFERENCE Errors: ‘Specifies possible error numbers plus their meaning, The error number, plus the corresponding text can be requested by senaing the SYSTem:ERROR? or STATus:QUEue? query. Front panel compliance: ‘Specifies the compliance with front panel operations. PROGRAMMING NOTES: © It's advised to send the commands *RST and *CLS first, before executing the programming examples in this chapter. n this way the oscilloscope is reset to default sattings (*RST) and the status data cleared (*CLS), © Be aware of coupled commands during command execution. Coupling information is described in the command descriptions. Coupling means that ‘an instrument may change other functions ot values, which are not directly programmed by sending this commend. Example: The vertical sensitivity is derived from the programmed peak-to- peak value (SENSe:VOLTage:RANGe:PTPeak). The programmed ‘rigger level (TRIGger-LEVel) is adapted to the vertical sensitivity to keep the signal display on the screen. '® In the remote state the front panel keys will have no effect on programmed Settings. Local front panel control can be oblained by pressing the LOCAL key, provided the instrument Is not programmed Locally Locked Out (LLO). Afier power on the oscilloscope is nis local state, Le., controlled via the front pane! © All commands and queries are sequential commands, except the INITiate, INTiate:CONTinuous, and CALibration command {overlapped commands). Note; Overiapped commands are commands that can be executed in overlap with other commands. Sequential commands are commands that are completed iirst, before a next command is executed.COMMAND REFERENCE 4-18 *CAL? —CALibration Syntax: *CAL? Response: 011 © Calibration okay, 1. Calibration not okay. Description: “Tris query performs an automatic intemal sel-calloration and reports the result of that calibration, No extemal means or operator interiace Is needed. The response indicates whether or not tne instrumont completed the self-calibration without error A responce of 0 indicates thatthe calibration executed successtully A response of 1 indicates that the calipraton was not success {A possibie callbration errors also reported via bit 8 in the QUEStonabie status, Mbit B =o, the calration was successful I bit 8 = 1, the calibration went wrong, The *CAL? query Is the equivalont of the CALibration{-ALL}? query. Limitation: ‘The calibration procass will last a couple of minutes. During this time bit 0 in the OPERation status is set, incicating that calibration is busy. Tas status information can only be requested, ifthe calibration was started via the front panel. This is, because the *CAL? query is a saquential command. So, a next command or query in the same program message is not executed untl the calibration process |s completed. Until then, no response to a next query is obtained Example: Send “CAL? fend Response is held up during calibration. jonse> = 1 THEN PRINT Yc: efal.t Front panel compliance: ‘Tho *CAL? query Is the remote equivalent of the front panel CAL key.42168 COMMAND REFERENCE *CLS Clear Status ‘Syntax: CLS. Description: ‘The *CLS command clears the following status deta structures: 1. Clears all Event Status Registers, such as the folowing standard Event Status Register (ESR?) + Status Byte Register (“STB?) = Operation Event Status register (STATUs:OPERation EVEN!) = Questionable Even! Status Register (STATus:QUEStionable-EVENt) 2. Clears the ExrorfEvent Queue. 3. Cancels the effect ofthe *OPC command and the *OPC? query: any request {or the OPC flag is cancelled Note: When the ¥CLS command is entorad as the frst commandin a new pro- ‘gram message, i also clears the Output Queue and as a consequence, the MAV-bitin the Status Byte Register Clears the status dataCOMMAND REFERENCE 417 *ESE Event Status Enable Syntax: ESE Query form: *ESE? Response: Description: ‘The command sets and the query reports the contents of the standard Event Status Enable register (ESE). The range of the 6-bit ESE contents is between 0 land 285 decimal, The contents of the standard Event Status Enable (ESE) register determine which bits in the standard Event Status Register (ESR) are ‘enabled to be summarized in the Status byte Flegister (STB). The contents of the standard ESE register are cleared at Power on. Example: 7 Enables the EXE (Execution Error) and the OPC (Oper- alion Complete) bits to be summarized in the Status Byte Register. Altemaive commands *ESE #810001 and *ESE #Hit send >" Read 37) The bits 4 XE bit) and 0 PC bit) are set.18 COMMAND REFERENCE *ESR? Event Status Register Syntax: +ESR? Response: Description: The *ESA? query report the conten of the standard Event Status Register (ESA) and clears it. The range ofthe &-bit ESA contents is betwoon O and 255, decimal PON URO CME EXE DDE OYE ROC OFC. 7ls[s|4[slz2|[+loles “The meaning of the bits is as follows: © bit 7: PON = Power ON (© bit 6: URQ = User Request © bit: CME = Command Error (© bit 4: EXE = Execution Error © bit 3: DDE = Device Dependant Error @ bit 2: OYE = Query Evor @ bit 1: ROC = Request Control © bit 0: OPC = Operation Complete Notes: = PON indicates that the power supply has been turned off and on since the last time the register was read or cleared. Bit 7 (PON) is always set true at power = UR@ indicates that the user has requested attention, o.9., to return the instrument to local + Bit 1 (ROG) is not used (always 0) = OPC indicates that the device has completed all previously started actions. 28 is equal to the binary value #B11100 (16 + 8 + 4 ‘ocimal),which means that the bits 4 (EXE), 8 (DDE), ‘and 2 (GYE) are set. So, an execution error, a device- ‘dependent arrar and a query error have occurted since the last timo the register was read.(COMMAND REFERENCE 4-19 *IDN? Identification Syntax: +IDN? Response: ,, manufacturers Eg., FLUKE emodel> Eg, PMS324 serial number> Always 0 -esw_idbvemask_ib>: <9n_id> Firmware kdentcation, consisting o: - Software type, e.4., SW33O4AIM -EE, MeMatn Plus) + Software version, ¢.g,, V1.0 Software date (year-month-day) - Mask identiication, o.g., UHM V1.0 - UFO identification, ¢.g., UFO V2.0 Deseripti “The «IDN? query reporss the identification of ine instrument. The response to the +IDN? query consists of the fields above in Arbitrary ASCII Response Data format. This implies that tho *IDN? quory must be the last query in a program message unit, bocause the arbitrary ASCII response data is terminated with the Now Line character (10 docimat. “The <3u_id> parameter identifes the type, version, and date of the instrument firmware. The parameter identifies the version of the Universal Host Mask processor software. ‘The parameter identifies the version of the Universal Front processor software. Examp! Send “sen: Front panel compliane The *IDN? query is the remote equivalent of the Maintenance ostion of the UTILITY menu.20 COMMAND REFERENCE *OPC Operation Complete +oPc Syntax: ‘Query form: *OPC? Response: 1 Description: ‘The OPC command causes the Instrument to set the operation complete bit (OPC) in the standara Event Status Register (ESR}, when all pending operations hhave been finished. When the *OPC command is received, the OPC bit is set in the *ESR register when all pending operations have been completed. The OPC bit ie cleared, along with the other bits in the +ESR register, when the ¥ESR? query is executed. PON URQ ONE EXE ODE OYE ROC OFC 7Lelsle[sl2[1]o] es ‘The *OPC? query places the ASCII character 1 in the output queue when al pending operations are finished. So, when the *OPC quety is received, the instrument holds of the GPIB handshake as long as its addressed as talker and there are device operations pending. Operations exist, as for example INITiate:CONTinuous ON, that never complete. Sending *OPC? during this ‘operation prevents the instrument from responding to further program messages. Note: The *RST command, the *OLS command, and power on cancel the ‘effect of an ¥OPC command or an *OPC? query. Restrictions: Be careful. The GPIB controler may interrupt the program by means of timeout So, verity frst whether the timeout periad fs long enough to cover the operation time of the instrument, Example: send *asts tls Resets instrument clears status data Send INITiate:CoNTinucus ON Continuous ination, Send *OFC; “ESR: Read - 0 Indicates thatthe instrument is busy sweeping Send INEPinte:c snd —> *0PC; ¥ES Reade 1 Indicates thatthe instrument has tinished sweeping Smuous OFF No Initiation any more.COMMAND REFERENCE 4-21 *OPT? Option identification Syntax: +OPT? gon .} iceeral_nr: IEEE! EXT! EM| MP Sera numbers always 0 Software level is always 0. Description: “The +OPT? query reports which options are present. Hi = EXT.0.0, the EXTernal trigger option is installed. If = EM:0:0, Extended Memory is available. If Description: The *RCL command restores instrument settings from one of the internat memory registers 0 .. 10. The settings in memary register 0 are standard settings, hich can only be recalled. The settings in the memory registers 1 through 10 are programmable by sending the *SAV command, After power on the current settings, just before power off, are restored. These current settings are saved in non-volatle memory (battery backed-up}. Example: Send *sav 2 Stores the actual instrument settings into ‘memory register 2 Send “RCL Restores the instrument settings from memory register 2 Front panel compliance: ‘The *SAV/*RCL commands are the remote equivalont of the trant panel softkey operation via the SETUPS/FECALL menu. The slandard settings stored in ‘memory 0 can be changed vie the front panel FRONT SETUPS manu.COMMAND REFERENCE 4-23 *RST Reset Syntax: “AST Description: ‘The *RST command resets the instrument. The hardware and soltware of the instrument is initialized without affecting any of the IEEE interface conditions. The instrument turns into @ fixed setup, which is optimized for remote operation. This fixed setup is different from the setup that can be recalled via the front panel sokeys and the SETUPS menu, which is optimized for local contra ‘The *RST command atts the following: © Sets the following instrument setings, independent of the past history: FUNCTION DEFAULT SETTNGIS Dial mote oN Xesefoaion Xs oF Daayed Tie Base OFF ‘Man Tie Base Swoop to 1 ms (eal aequiston} Aorangng OFF Xagnty lator ro Cremel 1 ON 200 nic OC coupes Postion cented Impedance 1 MO wtvout prcbe) Channels 2, and4 OFF olny NORal (NY OFF) 02 (CHIMGH2) OFF ‘ait (CHOCHH) OFF Tigger “ype EDGE Source Mediate Sipe FOSiNe Level OFF Nose Gh Level MAXimun (1.94) 1 sigal ouning Video mod ALL fires) Video sgna pty POStive 25 vdeo nes per are Vio Inti = 11 Hold iene = Loops ier ON Lowpass cut Fequency 0 Hz (BC couping) Highpess ie OFF High pass ctl fequoy bandwith (100200 tz) TB mose Single sot Fa mode OFre COMMAND REFERENCE SEUNCTION:HEEHEEEEELEe Hate] = AULT oe UNO) ae seseeeeeeeSeCe TBmeoe este only OFF Evert delay OFF Accuston length 512 (samples of 1 is) Tigger Level MAX ‘Acquire ‘averaging OFF Peak cetocion OFF Envelope OFF Autoranging atenuatrs OFF ‘Acmuston Locked! Presrigger ven 50% of MTB (Ss) Banoweth Fntor OFF Measue 1 &2 OFF Mata 1&2 OFF Cursors OFF Trace rensity 18 Userted Data cleared Display OF Beeper oN. arco PRINT & PLOT Pater, HPGL Pass/Fail ising OFF Cancels or aborts any instrument-denendent action (© Cancels the effect of the ¥OPC command and the *OPC? query. ‘© Sets the TRIGger subsystem into its IDLE state. ‘The *RST command does not affect the folowing: © State of the IEEE 488.1 interface © GPIB (IEEE 486.1} address of the instrument © Contents of the Output Queue. Contents of the Error/Event Queue © Service Request Enabie seating in the SRE register. ‘© Transtion fiters in tho status subsystem. ‘© vont registers in the stalus subsystem. Event enable registers in the status subsystem. © Calforation data tnat affects the device specifications, © Version number set by the SYSTem:VERSion command, © Contents of tne internat memory registers (*SAV/*RCL), Example: send *RSt Front pane! compliance: {Al settings not mentioned in the dascription are set according to the front panel fixed setup, which can be racalled by pressing the keys STATUS and TEXT OFF at the samo time,COMMAND REFERENCE 4.25 *SAV Save instrument setup Syntax: *SAV Description: ‘The *SAV command saves the current instrument settings into one ofthe internal memory registers 1 .. 10. The settings in memory register 0 are standard setings, which can only be recalled. The settings in the memory registers 0 through 10 can be recalled by sending the *RCL command Example: send *SAV2 Stores the actual instrument settings Into memory register 2 Send #RCL2 Restores the instrument settings from memory register 2, Front panel compliance: ‘The *SAV/*RCL commands are the remote equivalent ofthe front panel softkey ‘operation via the SETUPS/RECALL menu. The standard settings stored in memory 0 can be changed via the front panel FRONT SETUPS menu.4226 COMMAND REFERENCE *SRE Service Request Enable SRE cnumeric_data> “SRE? Response: Deesiton: The command ste on ne aay pr the corti he Senin Facuest Enable (SRE) register. The range of tne 8-bit ES R contents is between O.and 255 decimal. However, bit 6 (value 64} is ignored, and will always be reported zero. “orere heel ange to 0166S endfor 180 Tor Tre osinthe Boze Reef Regs SND eee he lo ich coresponang bio tte Gaus Byte ope (STS) cause a sovice reas tun He rovumert, @ Which corresponding bits in the Status Byte register (STB) are summarized in. thonSeah ne "S70 ret, es, UR eee — > ‘A bit value of 1 indicates an enable condition and a bit value of 0 indicates a disable condition. To make sure that the service request line is activated oniy ‘when a new reason for service occurs, the status byte is not updated after a SRO (Service Request) has occurred unt: © A seria pol is done. © The reason for service no longer exists, ©, alter reading the contents of the ‘event register. Exampl Send *SRE AB) ‘This sets bit § ESB in the Service Request Enable RegisterCOMMAND REFERENCE 5-27 *STB? Status Byte Syntex: «STE? Response: Description: The *STB? query reports the contents of the Status Byte register (STB). The range of the &-bit STB contents is between 0 and 255 decimal. The Status Byte Rogister contains the summary status of all overlaying status registers and queues. Notes: ~ OPER = OPERation status (bit 7) Contains the summary of the OPERation status register structure + ROS= Requested Senice (bi 6) Indicates that the device requests for service, ie., SRQ=1 in the GPIB interface. I difers from the MSS bit in thal the ROS bit Cleared after a serial poll. Its set true again only, when anew event ‘occurs that requires service. - MSS= Master Summary Status (oi 6) Indicates that there is an event that causes the device to request ‘service, The MSS bit is cleared when tne events) in tho overlaying status structure that caused the Service Raquest are cleared, - E8B= Event Summary Bit (bts) Contains the summary of the Standard Event Status register structure. + MAV= Message Available (it 4) Indicates whether the Output Queue contains at least one message (oit= 1) ors empty (bit= 0) ~ QUES =QUEStionable siatus (bt 3) CConiains the summary of the QUEStionable status register structure Errori€vent gueve bit Indicates whather the Error/Event queue contains al least one message (bit = t) or is empty (bit = 0}. + bit 1= Device Dependent Status bit (rot used} + bitO= Device Dependent Status bit (not used} - bit Example: send > *STR? Read <4 4 is equal tothe binary value #8100. This moans that bit 2 is set, indicating that there is an error mossage in the Error/event Queue.4-28 COMMAND REFERENCE *TRG Trigger Syntax; *TRG Description: The *TRG command triggers the instrument by generating a Group Execute Trigger (GET) code, Example: send *Re7 Resets the instrument send TRIGger :s0uRce BUS GPIB becomes trigger source. end INTPiate Initiates the instrument once. Sens > *786 ‘Triggers the instrument Send > FETCh: FREQuency? Fetches the frequency. Read —