Marginalization: when whole social groups are excluded from society or confined as a lower

social standing. Elders, homelessness, disabilities.

- Effect: dehumanization: failed to see them as people.
Vulnerability:
- Page 41
- Social cause of
o Stigmatization
 Discrimination
 working opportunities
 Mistreatment
 Health care
 Internalized negative feelings
 Guilt and shame
o Criminalization
 Arrest
 Criminal record
 Housing
 Results in unsafe consumption
 Hide their record
 Increased risk of HIV infection
 Reinforces stigmatization
Addition:
- Moral model: individual failure resulting from weakness of will. If one is morally better,
one would be able to stop or not get involved with it.
- Medical model: addiction is a disease. Not that much moral blame.
o Poverty, depression
- Addiction and class
o Poor and homeless vs stockbroker and lawyer
- Autonomy:
o Self-trust
o Possible to be addicted and autonomous
 They can still act on reason. page 46
 By providing a space where people come in and use the drugs in an
environment where they feel safe from physical attack, or from
arrest, or less likely to get disease… it gives them the time to think
about the behaviour as they’re lining up and waiting in a waiting
room, and all of those opportunities to talk to people who care
about them to help them think about the pros and cons of the
decisions they’re making, and understand that there are options
available to them.