Coa, Fett t@)ey. Ween e hae EW ey NC. VEPHBIEBA EH. ACG BDU ace eis 002070) CORO) ASbIKa CBOPHHK YIIPASKHEHMM lO TPAMMATHKEPeyensent: kana, (put. HayK, nou. E. JI. Apyeea Dannosa C. H., Yapexona E. T., Uepnsmuera I. C., Cunuuxag E. M1. Ipakruka anraniicxoro a3pika.: Coopxuk ynpaxnennit mo rpammatuxe. Cepusa: «M3yyaem MHOCTpaHHble #3bIKH». CM6.: Jlenu3gar, «3gatenperso Coro», 2000, 384 c. ISBN 5-289-01984-7 (Jlenu3ar) ISBN 5-94033-037-1 («H3qatenpcrBo Co103») B42 Hacmoatyee noco6ue npednasnaueno 01a oenadenus epammamure- CKUM ACheKMOM aHeIUiCKO2O A3bIKA Ha BceX 9manax obyyenuA. Kiuea npuzeana dam 6 pyku npenodasameseii u VUCLYUXCA A31- Kosoll Mamepuan, opueunuposaniolil na ObyueHue OOHOMY U3 CAaMbIX CRODCHOIX ACNEKMOG AneAUiCKOeO AZbIKA — anemuicKol 2pammamukKe. Bee npapa 3auinulenr Coun Heanosna Baunoea, Exena Hasr0ena Yapexosa, Tanna Cepzeesna Yepuowieea, Exena Heopeana Cunuyxan TIPAKTHKA AHTIMMCKOPO A3bIKA COopuuk ynpaxkiennii no rpammatuxe MB Ne 6461 Juuensus JIP Ne 010246 or 28.05.97 r. (enuanar) JIT Ne 000373 or 30 nexa6pa 1999 r. («M3 aatemscTBo Co103») Opuruuan-Maxer nogrorosmaa K. 1. Opsopa Tlognucano 8 nevarb 06.12.2000 r. Popmar 4x 108 ME Tapnurypa «Taiime», Bymara opcerias. [esate orpcerian. O6zem 12,0 nes. 1. Tupark 7000 93. 3aKa3 Ne 919. C 547 «H3gatenberso Co103» Canxt-IlerepOypr, ya. Lkanmna, 2. 23 Orneyarano c rorospIx 1Hano3HTHBOB B PHIMIK Wlennszar» (rnnorpadua um. Bostonapexoro) Munuecrepersa Poccuiickoii Pexepaunn no aenam nevarn, TeslepasMOBCMLAHs M CPeLCTR MACCOBLIX KOMMYHHKALUH 191023, Canxr-Mlerep6ypr, na6. p. Dorrarikn, 59. © Bamnona C. M, Yapexora E. I, Uepupiurepa Y. C., Cunmuxas E. M., 2000 © «Hsxarteabcrao Co103», 2000 © Topenuxos B. A., obopmtenine o610xKH, 2000 BBEJIEHHE Tloco6ue cofepxKUT KOMMIeKc rpaMMaTHY¥ecKUx DKHEHH, OXBATHIBAIOWM BCIO raroybHylo CHC- AHTIMMCKOrO 13bIKa U MpewBapseMbIn OCHOBHbIMU Tloco6ue BkouaeT B ceOxA CnemyIouine pasmelbl: 1) cucrema BpeMeH M1 cbopM AeiicrBuTembHOro ors 2) cuctema BpeMeH Mi (popM cTpanlaTeybHOro 3amora; 3) MOMambHble rarosbl; 4) mpsimas H KOcBeHHasi peub Ml coryiacopaHle BpeMeH; 5) cocnaraTenbHOe HaKOHEHHEe U 6) CUcTeMa HeMUHDIX opm. : vi [pammatusecknit Matepvall, BKJNOYeHHbIM B Ha- " eTosulee TlocoGue, MpescTaBIAeT 3HAUMTEbHbIC TpyA- _HocTu IUIA W3y4aIoWlux aHrMickMit ASBIK, MOCKO/IbKY | MOLY T1aro/IbHBIMM CHCTeMaMH B AHTIMMCKOM M pyc- CKOM SI3bIKaX CyII[eCTBYIOT O4eHb Sombuine pasiMdMs, _ HOSTOMY LelIb1O HacTosero nocobust ABIACTCH DaTb _ cuctemy TPeHMpOBOYHBIX yIpaxkHeHHl MW oOecne4uuTb ka npakTuky ynoTpeOeHUA CHOXKHbIX TPaMMaTM¥eCKUX - ABIICHMI B pasiMUHbIX KOHTeKCTAX. Z fe Yuenbupiii Bec M3yYaeMbIX ABICHMM B A3bIKe HM peu HeomuHaKos. YacToTHocTh ynorpebreHus Toro WIM | WHOTO TpaMMaTHYeECKOrO ABMEHUA OMpeMeMAeT KOM _ yecTBo ynpaxHeHUii, B KOTOPbIX IIPOMCXOMMT ero TpeHH- i “poBka WM 3akpensieHne.Tipeamaraembie 3agaHMaA cofepxKaT TpeHMpoBoy- HBIC, SISbIKOBbIe, YCMOBHO-peveBble HM pereBble ynpax- HEHUA, IebIO KOTOPbIX ABSETCA MHOPOKpaTHas Tpe- HMpoBKa M3y4aeMoro TpaMMATHYECKOLO ABIEHHS B Hau6onee THMMUHBIX KOHTeKCTax ero ynoTpeOleHua. CrpykTypHo oco6ue mocTpoeHo B Nopsdke Hapacta- HMM TpyAHOcTei: OT O3HAKOMUTENbHDIX yIpakHeHHit, B KOTOPBIX 1aHbl THMMYHbIC MOEN yoTpeOeHHA Usy- yaeMbIx (bOpM, JO MepeBosla c pyccKoro Ha anriuiickuit si3bik. Kaxkaprii pasier cofepxXUT KOMMeKC OO30pHbIx ynpaxkHeHHii, HanpaBNeHHbIX Ha 3aKpemieHHe MaTe- puaa. Jlekcuueckoli 6a30i% Bcex ynpaxHeHHl ABIAeTCA HeliTpaswbHO-ObITOBaA BbICOKOYACTOTHAA JIeKCUKa, pH Mepbi M3 JIMTepaTypHbIX MCTOUHMKOB MokBeprasMcb Co- KpaieHvio u agantanuu. [Ip cocTrapieHuu pasiM4y- HBIX BULOB YIpakHeHHi G_uUIM MCNOMb3OBaHbI HOBbIE V1eH M MOLXOLHI, TpesIOXKeHHble B yYeOHDIX NOCOOMAX,» Vi3MaHHBIX B MOcesHMe DecaATMeTUA y Hac B CTpaHe, a Takxe M 3a pyOexKom. Hexoropbie ycoBHO-peveBble yiipaxHeHuA HOCAT XapaKTep BbICKa3bIBaHM 10 MO[eIAM, COCTOALIMM U3 CTMMyNa-Bompoca WAM BbICKAa3bIBAaHHA M COBa-Nos- CKa3KH WIM coueTaHHs cop. Takue ynpaxkHeHud MOx- HO UCHOMb3OBaTb TIpu paGoTe B NabopaTopuM ycTHOi peu. @opmai Pres: a rarosa 6e3 Horo uMca Wpud' ibHas M OTpuuate. on dbopmb! Prese: a to do v MHMHUTHBA cMpIcHOBOrO rlaroma 6e3 UNIT A The Present Indefinite Tense Hacrosmee ppema oO 1 can’td’m atmaid. 1b) iy. oy cues’ Jack: Well, what are you doing on Wednesday evening? ; m. Mou: © (Q)SeE ih, Ai. wt tighy, 0 aeaes gh eS does the shopping | It’s 11 a.m. Mary ... «+ Jack: I See. Well, are you free on Thursday ba 1 é 3 evening? he watches TV in the: | It’s evening. She ... -.- You: I’m afraid not. (3) * ‘ 196. She often makes sand- wiches for breakfast. € HOHUMAlO, YTO OH roBopuT. 10. Moi mpyr yesxaeT TOT Topog sapTpa. 11. Ha ypokax mMbI nepeponuM bl, a JOMa YUMM rpaMMaTwyeckue NpaBusia. 12. Ha KOM A3bIKe€ OHM FOBOpAT ceityac Cc BaLIMM Jpyrom? — (iM TOBOPAT T10-aHrIMMCKM, HO MOM Apyr 3HaeT Takxe ‘HeMeukuii. 13. Bar uacTo HaBelaeTe cBoux Apyseit? _Mbi Betpeyaemca Kaxgyw cy66oty. 14. A numy McbMa Kaxnoe ytpo. 15, OHa MocToxHHO roBopuT no eneouy. f Ann busy now. She . ‘| It’s 5 o’clock. She 9. These boys often fight. 10. Mary takes a shower in the morning. Il. Miss Black gives music | — “1 : ; lessons for a living, _ |) Miss Black .. F The Past Indefinite Tense 12, He usually takes a cock- | The dinn L Tipoweqmee spema oOuero Buza patel before dinner. 1 : © Beercise 234. 1. You.ate Piaiae. 4 the window. : - Describe what you can see in the street using the Present Continu- ous Tense. as 2. You are at a party at your fiiend’s. 3. Your family are at home after work. The Past Indefinite Tense o6pasyetca nytem mpu- AaBICHUA OKOHYAHUA -ed win -d (ecnM rmarom OKaH- [MBacTcA Ha MiacHbilt e) K OCHOBe MpaBMJIbHbIX Taro- JOB WIM MyTeM pasIMYHbIX U3MeCHeHUH TarobHoN oc- OBbI (UIS| HEMpaBMAbHBIX Maron0B). Bompocutenbuan OTpulaTenbHad cbopMbI OOpa3yioTcA pH nNomMouH BCHOMOraTeIbHOrO ryiaroya fo do B Past Indefinite (did) [ MHPMHUTMBA CMBICMOBOrO Parola 6e3 UacTUUBI fo. Exercise 244. Choose some well-known picture by a Russian or foreign painter and describe it using as P t Conti i = many esau ontinuous forms as possible. PyTbepaMTenbuad orputiaresbras BonlpocwTespuast Exercise 25A. Translate the sentences into English Ey I I using the Present Indefinite or the Present Continuous you you you Tense. | he lived he live he live T | she | played she | did not] play did she | play 4 1. Bosbmu 3onTuK. Uget goxap. 2. Mloe3q npu- | it worked it > didn’t } work it work * OnipaeT yepes 5 Munyt. 3. He rosopute Tak rpomKo, ||| we | wrote We syne We Wag A xopouto Bac cinmy. 4. Onn yacro roBopsT o Bac. > hy ae they 5. Tocaymiait, ona noer Kakylo-To Hopylo mecHto. 6. Mue He HpaBMTcA Balll MPMATe/b, OH BCE BpeMA BOPYUT U xamyetcs. 7. Kto To crouT y oxHa? A He 3HalO aTy 203anomunte: Oxonuanue -ed MpousHocuTcs Mo- pas- - 2 HOMY, B 34BMCMMOCTH oT XapakTepa npen| The Past Indefinite Tense ynorpeOmerca mia mecTBylllero 3ByKa. OkoHyaHue -ed | _ BbIPAKEHHA: / MipousHocutcs Kak [t] mocne [s] - [pa:st]] 4 Jleiictsuii, KoTOpble NpoucxonMIM WIM Mpo- [k] - [pekt]; [4] - (la:ft]; [p] - fdupt}; | 7 Gsounm B TIpomiom: ; {{] - [brat]; [tf] - [klent/t]. |e They went to the seaside last summer. OxkonuaHue -ed mpousHocutcs Kak [d| TlOCJI€ BCEX TlaCHbIX MW 3BOHKMX COMacHbi [m], {n], [b], [vl], [2], [], [3] - [lavd)) [pleid]; [bend]. ‘ OxkonuaHne -ed npousHocutca Kak [Id] Mlocne sByKos [t], [d] — [liftid], [wontid] | [ni:did]. _ Bpemal nelicrBusa MoxeT Obit O603HayeHO Ta- Fp KUMMU OOCTOATEMbCTBAaMM, Kak yesterday, a week ago, last month etc. ). TocnenosatenbHocTn feiicTBuii B MpouoM: He took a bath, shaved carefully, put on a fresh shirt and Jeff for the City. Tloptopsioumxcst HeiicTBMM B MpoWWIoM, XxapakK- is E BOvCT- Exercise 264. Read the following Past Indefinite} TePH3YIOULMX TIpMBBIUKH ee uyBCTBA, C forms and group them according to the reading rules.}|_ BEHHble KOMy-TO B TIpo Make sure you know their meaning. : : Every afternoon he smoked a thick black cigar after dinner. Watched, played, opened, closed, promised, smiled, laughed, walked,. listened, looked, worked, helped, explained, washed, lifted, wanted, pushed, é : nomnure: Tlosropsioumecs neiicrBMa YacTo BbIpa- pulled, kissed, finished, started, brushed, liked, 7 KaloTCsH Mp MOMOIM KOHCTpyKUMM used ES DEP y + undunumue unm would + undunumus. In summer. he used fo get up very early. JletoM OH 0664HO BCTaBaJl OYCHb paHo. When he felt melancholy he would stay Exercise 27A. Give the Past Indefinite form of the following verbs. Make sure you know their meaning. — Taked see} sleep,” give,’ bring, sayyo/ speak, tell, go, comef meet, send, spend, build, catch, in his room all day esa eo begin, know, teach, makef understand, sit, stand, Korga 0H 4yBCTBOBaI rpy: A a AO, sing, do, buy, sell, lose, find, hurt, put, cost, E TIpOBOAWI B KOMHaTe Bech ACH. leave, keep, fall, be, have, set, teach, risef swim, write.“Exercise 28A. Supply the Past Indefinite forms the verbs in the box. find, fall, keep, leave,. «meet, sell, hurt, «cost, »give, ewrite, .teach, -put . We needed some money, so we .. . They ... last Saturday as usual. . I... a pet-dog when I was a boy. Who ... the. window open last night? Mary ... down the stairs this morning and . her leg. . She ... a dress which ... a lot of money. . |... this box on the beach yesterday. My brother ... me this beautiful bag. I... him on the way to the University. 10. A. Christie .... many novels and stories. 11. Mother ... me to read and write. 12. I... all your books on the shelf over there. » Our Car wens Exercise 29A. Read the sentences and write thei in the Past Indefinite. Make necessary changes in the sent tences. . I often see Julia at the University. Yesterday ... . We always meet on Sundays. Last month ... . Dan usually walks to his office. Yesterday ... . . He usually has a sandwich for lunch. Yesterday ... . They usually watch TV in the evening. Yes- terday evening ... . . I usually sleep very well. Last night ... . . He does moming exercises every day. Yesterday ... . She often loses things. Two days ago ... . . She often brings flowers from the country. Last: Sunday 77,25, 10. This woman sells vegetables every day. On Sa- turday 2.5 5 UPwWNe Oo oND 24 cise 30A. Answer the following questions in definite Tense. at books did you like to read in your child- ‘What subjects did you learn at school? 3. When ave school? 4. When did you become a stu- Where did you spend your last summer vacati- When did you see your friend last? 7. What pre- ‘ou get on your last birthday? 8. How many you invite to your birthday party? 9. Why ‘ou buy the dress that you liked very much? y long did you stay at your friend’s? 11. How much ay for the jacket? 12. What did you see on xercise 31A. Write an appropriate question for B. I went to the Black Sea coast in B. I spent there a fortnight. B I got up early, went to the sea, B. The weather was sunny and hot. B. My friend and I rented a nice room B. No, it was not far from the sea. B. We cooked our meals at home. summer. bathed and lay in the sun. in a private house. B. Vegetables and fruits were not very expensive. B. I greatly enjoyed my holiday. 25Exercise 32A. Answer the following questions in Exercise 34A. Give a short account of: the negative and explain why you didn’t do that. é a) what you did yesterday; : b) your family did on Sunday; c) how you arranged your birthday party; d) a life story of an imaginary or real person. Example: Did you have a date yesterday? No, I didn’t. I was very busy. 1. Did you watch TV yesterday? 2. Did you travel much last summer? 3. Did your parents go to the country on Sunday? 4. Did you go to the swimming- pool on Wednesday? 5. Did you do the shopping at the weekend? 6. Did your friend work during his holidays? 7. Did you keep any pets in your childhood? 8. Did E s you often get bad marks at school? 9. Did you often Corsa BEI BUeIM ero B MocnenHHiK pas? Ba Konda quarrel with your friends when you were a kid? cl ercise 35A. Translate the sentences into English. Ss He BBIXOMWIM M3 MoMa Mo Bedepam. 5S. Oto wioch Hefemio Ha3ag. 6. OHM TOXeHMWIMCb, Kora Hy Gb 24, a JIuse - 18. 7. Ero pogutenm ymep- ‘Kora oH Gbut ele copcem peGeHoxK. 8. Kro Berpe- Exercise 33A, Turn the following into proper ques- tions. You have to ask your friend about his / her holi- day, he / she has just come from. Example: Where / go Where did you go in summer? Halla 9TO B ei 11. OH Haan nncaTb cru- orga emy Opto 14 net. 12. Tpouiaa 3uma Obi- ‘yermoi, 13. [ye Bbl MO3HAKOMWINCh c¢ 9TOH Me- u Koit? 14. Tlouemy Bbl He MpHLIM K HaM B BOCKpe- me? 15. Mpl pewiMim mocnaTb 9Ty TelerpamMMy pa. 16. Ona MocmoTpesa Ha MocKy M ciiMcama HO- e copa. 17. C KeM BbI OGcyxHamM 9TOT BONpoc pure? 18. CKompKo pa3 B HEe/IO BDI OpiBan B cTUTYTe B IpowwIoM rony? . How long / stay there . Stay in a hotel / rent a room . Go alone / with friends Food / be good . The weather / be fine What / do in the evening . Meet / any interesting people . How / travel there . What places of interest / see 10. How / spend time 11. What / like best of all 12. When / come back 13. How / travel back OMNI AMNRWNE 26 7aan 1 Tipomenuree Bpema JIMTebHOTO BHA The Past Continuous Tense o6pa3yeTca MpM ITOMO 1M BcMoMoraTeIbHOro riarosa to be 6 Past Indefinite npusactus I ocHoBHoro riaroa. The Past Continuous Tense = Past Continuous Tense ynoTpe6sneTcs LU1st [levicTBUA, mpoucxomamlero B ij MOMeCHT B MIpOuIOM: | was reading a book when the telephone he it Povtis uTeNbHOTO MelicTBMA, povcxonAuero B yrhepawrensaen oTpHilaTemb Hast pompocuTembHaa | eleCHHBI Mepuon BpeMcHM B TIpouWioM: He was living abroad in 1982. I was I ‘was not was I : a you were you were not were you CKONBKUX WIMTCHBIX MeHcTBUM, TIpowcxo- he he i she & WS | ori she > was not | oud was ae xine? we we we you ¢ were you ¢ were not were) you they they, they BINIMX OLHOBPeMCHHO: While she was cooking dinner, Ann was laying the table. BIUHbIX MOBTOPAIOMMLAXCA jevicTBu C onpe- eHHO! gMOUMOHasbHOn oxpackoit: They were always quarrelling. it it 06 Exercise 36A. Here is a list of some things that Kate did yesterday and the times at which she did them.' Write sentences saying what she was doing at these times. Example: At 9 o’clock she was having breakfast. 1 2. g 4. 3: 6 4. 8. 9: 0 _, 28 Exercise 37A. Make the sentences complete using r the Past Continuous or the Past Indefinite of the ; in brackets. 1, When | switched on the light I... . (see @ strange scene) 8.00 - 9.00 (had breakfast) 9, When the lecturer entered the room the stu- . 9.00 - 11.00 (cleaned the flat) (talk in loud voices and laugh) - 11.00 - 11.45 (read the newspapers) 3 seca ‘ strange noise when he ... . (come 12.00 - 1.00 (went shopping) : up to the house) 1,00 - 2.00 (had lunch) 4. Nobody was listening to what he ... - (say) 2.30 - 3.30 (washed some clothes) 5. When I entered the shop the shop-girl ... - 4.00 - 4.30 (cooked some meal) (show a nice dress to an elderly lady) 5.30 - 6.00 (watched television) 6. Mr. Brown was making a call when his sec- 6.30 - 7.00 (had dinner) retary ... . (bring in the morning post) 730 — 9.00 (sat in the pub) 29.Te IZ: Exercise 38A. Put the verb into the correct form . When she was five her mother ... . her English) . It was already late and the people ... . the party) . The ball was at its peak when John ... . (arrived . The ship ran against a rockand ... (sink) quickly. It was cold and a strong wind ... . (blow fro: the North) The patient was very ill and people ... in low voices) the Past Continuous or the Past Indefinite. i 25 10. I (walk) slowly down the street when some: body (call) me. The woman (put) some perfume into her bag when the shop-girl (see) her. The woman (not/see) that the girl (look) a her. We (not/stop) to look at a shop window. She (try on) a sweater while I (talk) to the manager. .. you still (work) when I left? . I (wonder) whether you could lend me some money. . I (break) a plate last night. I (do) the was- hing up when it (slip) out of my hand. Fred (not/drive) very fast when the accident (happen). He (live) in Paris during his last years. . (tal ise 39A. Make sentences to describe what oing at these times yesterday. 0 11.20 am.; 2.00p.m.; 4. 00 p.m.; 0 p.m.; 10.30 p.m.; 9.00 p.m.; 12.30 p.m.; 5p.m.; 4.30 p.m.; 8.20 p.m; 11.15 p.m. ercise 40A. Put the verbs in brackets into the nuous Tense. Why you (walk) along Oxford Street late yes- terday evening? I (read) in bed when I heard a scream. What you (do) at this time yesterday? What the girl (try on) when the fire alarm rang? “She (put) a pair of gloves into her bag when he shop-girl caught her at it. You ( wait) for your friend when I saw you. It (get) colder when the sun set. The children (play) quietly on the floor when their mother came back. “Fxercise 41A. Translate the sentences into English either the Past Indefinite or the Past Continuous. Xora GbvIo ye M103(HO, KTO-TO Mrpall Ha MmMa- cromopoit. 2. OHM peaKO BbIXOMWIM Kya-HM- io BOCKpeceHbAM. 3. Ona ropopuia mo Temepo- ‘la st BOULIa B KOMHATY. 4. OH o4eHb MHOFO B MIpowuwioM rojly. 5. Kaxve MOKYMCHTbI OH Korma BbI BOW B KaOuHeT? 6. Tne Korma ona mpepBana Hac? 8. Buepa 0H BCe yTpo an B romb. 9. A cmotpema WMHTepecHbIit eTeKTHB ‘esIeBU3OpY, KOra 3asBeHes tenebou. 10. OH } panics Y3HaTb MeMOLMIO, KOTOpylo OHA Mrpaya. x |The Present Perfect Tense Hactosmee ppema copepuiennoro Bua The Present Perfect Tense o6pasyetcs Mpv MOMOLL| raaroma to have B Present Indefinite u Participle Il (npu yactua Il) cmbicnoporo ryaroa. \ @Mopma yTBepauTeIbHas oTpHuaTerbHas BOMIpOCHTeNbHad I I hhave not have I ae ou (haven’t) Havef you he he Shek Hae avomten ie has not |worked fins ie it written | j¢ | (hasn’t) itten it we we hav | you have your) /ave no! Have ssl a (haven't) 3anomuurte: TIpuyactue I] mpaByibHIx Taroy0B CoB- Mallaet c OpMOi NpowexWero BpemMeHH (Past Indefinite). Y HenpaBubHbIx riaronoB mpuyactue || MIMeeT CBOIO HHIMBMLYAIbHYy!O (popMy, 5: OouIbIIMHCTBE CJLyYaeB OTIMYHYIO OT (pop- MBI IIpoulemilero BpeMeHH. Exercise 42A. Give the three forms of the follow- ing verbs. : Write, speak, read, make, teach, give, take bring, buy, catch, sell, say, tell, do, go, come, put, send, spend, cost, fight, sit, stand, understand, for- get, build, forgive, fly, cut, lead, become. 32 _ JIOM, HO CBA3b UX ¢ HacTOSLMM OYeBN HA: cise 43A. Supply the Present Perfect Tense of in brackets. . I.(not get) the grant this year. . The settlers (leave) the bay forever. He (not answer) my letter yet. . You ever (eat) caviar? _ She recently (become) a student. . They (travel) all over the world. How long you (be) here? - T saw her in May but I (not see) her this month. . My friend (buy) a new car. . I (lose) my gloves. 1. | never (ride) a camel. 2 they never (behave) like this before. he Present Perfect ynorpe61s#eTcs1: A BLIPAKCHHA LeMCTBMA, 3aKOHYUMBINCTOCA MOMeHTY pew M CBASAHHOTO C HUM CBOMM | pesysIbTaTOM: ; Look, I’ve brought you some flowers. Jia BeipaxkcHMa HECKONbKMX OAHOPOAHBIX ‘TeiicTBuil, KoTOpbie ObUIM CoBepLICHBI B TIpoull- They have been to Britain twice. (in their life, up to now). Korma ppemst copepiienmsl WeiicTBMA He yKa3aHO, BHUMaHUe FoBOpALIeTO CocpesOTOUCHO Ha Ca- MoM (akTe cro COBepLICHHA M ero pesybTATe B HacTOsILeM: A terrorist has killed the bank manager. (He is dead.)ae ‘The Present Perfect acto ynotpeOssetca c Hape4MAMM HEOMpeeNeHHOTO BpeMeHH: ever, never, just, already, often, (not) yet, always, lately, of late. [peanoxeHus c 9THMM Hape- YMAMM TepeBOsATCA Ha pyCCKU A3bIK B po- WIcCHWICM BpeMeHu: He has just come. - OH TombKo 4TO NpH- wen. 5. The Present Perfect ynorpe6nseTen ¢ o6cTos- TEJIbCTBEHHDIMM COBAMH, O603HaYalollMMu HeUCTeKIUMe MepwHoxs BpeMenu: foday, this week, this month, this year: He has often met Alice this week. Exercise 444A, Answer the questions saying yes and.using the verb suggested in the Present Perfect Tense. 34 Example: — Are the rooms clean? (do) Yes, Mother has done them. . Does she know the song? (learn) . Is breakfast ready? (cook) . Do you know how tasty the pie is? (eat) . Is she at home? (come) . Are the papers ready? (type) . Is Ann on holiday? (go to Italy) . Are you ready with the report? (write it) . Can you do this work? (finish it) SCM OIDNARKWNE . Do you know the melody? (hear many times) . Can you speak on the subject? (read about it) Present Perfect ynorpeOsseTca c mpesioraMu e Mi for Wa epenaun TelicTBMU, COBepLaeMbIxX yeHue Kakoro-To Mepvosa Begg fora tours (period) 11 o’clock inning of period) (now) Since For 1993 two hours a week he returned a long time a mouth three days n ntime \ 25 December | ages “porpocax, Kak mipaBusto, yrloTpebiseTca BbIpa- ¢ how long, B OTBETAX MBI UCMONb3yeM SINCE for. How long have you been { for two weeks. here? — I have been here since Monday. v Exercise 45A. Insert since or for into the appro- te sentences. Where is Kate? Oh, she’s been in _ Example: : London since 1993. - 1. P’ve known him ... a long time. 2. We've in on holiday ... three weeks. 3. He’s been a stu- mt ..’four years. 4. She hasn’t been to work ... 5, She has been ill ... a fortnight. 6. They have divorced ... last year. 7. We have been very busy Christmas. 8. My grandmother has been a pen- ner ... five years. 9. He has been away ... a month. 35Exercise 464. Answer the tive using the words in brackets, Example: — When did you see her las: tumn) I haven’t seen her since autumn. 1. When did it rain last? (since September) 2. When did you last cat caviar? (for ages) 3. When did you play 4. When did he last writ 5. When did you last 6. When did you last ri 7. When did you last 8. When did your bi last? (since my birthday) 9. When did you buy fruits last? (for two days) 10. When did you speak to your German friends on the telephone last? (since New Year) 80 to Madrid? (never) Exercise 474. Insert already, ever, yet, just into the appropriate sentences. I. Have you ... been to South Africa? 2, Have you ... finished writing your essay or did you finish it earlier? — I haven’t finished it ..... 3. Shall I pay the waiter? —-No, I’ve «. paid ithe bill. 4. Have you? |... Spoken to a famous person? 5. Ann, lay the table. Pve.... cooked dinner. 6. They- don’t know what the problem is. They have ... arrived. 7. Is it a good film? ~ Yes, it’s the best I have ... seen. 8.The post hasn’t come :... 9. She has -. explained the situation to me. 10. He hasn’t invited Ine to the party 2... 11, Nobody has found the lost city of Atlantis ... 36 questions in the nega it? (since au chess last? (for a long time € to you? (since last summer de a horse? (for two months) Visit her? (since last month) oy-friend give you a present Exercise 48A. Respond to the following commands Will you make some sandwiches, lease? But I have already made them. 1. Do the flat, will you? 2. Will you sweep the lease? 3. Please, give Peter this dictionary. ; P ? é a : ite Will you send a telegram to Mary, see i ae n a letter at once, please! 6. Go and te hing. 7. Will you show the children your new ing. 7. ! 9, Bring les, please? 8. Make fresh tea, please more bread from the kitchen, please! 10. Read i ase. Earticle by all means. 11. Do exercise ay ple ill you wash up the dishes, please! : ither Present Indefi- ise 49A. Supply either the ; ; ae Pecks Perfect in the following sentences 1. I can’t speak about the book. I (not read) it yet. clock 2. Every day I (wind up) my watch at 7 o’clo in the morning. . 3. It’s Friday. ... you (see) him this week? of 4. Students usually (buy) books at the House ks. + te t. 5 cat a pity, but I (not buy) this aeons 6 As a rule we (do) many exercises in class. 7. He (tell) this joke many times. Bae 8. Something (go) wrong with my W Ng 9. 1 already (translate) these a a. a 10. They (have) their English many ho al IL. She (work) much and usually (get) many rks. : 12 We (buy) a new TV set this year. 37Aus Ki Mi 4 ALOU 3 Topo, Exercise 50A. Ask in English, using the” pH 3, Mat He MOXKeM, teed : pon, Perfect Tense. cot a ocnemHuit aksaMeH. 4. Tlocnea- peMaA OHM B Cb OUCH Pe A Hukoria plata TaKolt 3 6, (Ha gro Uh nk on yacto | i AeA ae Hi aeT ce Ii ope ie joe joTy, 7. OHa Ha neHcui um rona. 8. CeompKo Met 3amyxeM TBOS cectpa? bl KOTa-HMOYAb BUCH BOCXOA COMHIIA B ropax? pUCTHI y2Ke OCMOTpeIH MHOrHe moctonpumeta- ,HOCTH Halll eo, Topona. 11. CerofHa «a ucneKia { mooumbiit fitpor. 12. Mos foub yxe 3al Hua de TATYT U OCeHbIO HagHer padoraTs. fron AMO 1. Bar Korma-Hv6yab Opumm B JloHmoHe? 2. On KO Ha-Hu6ylb paccKa3biBal BaM O cBoecii xeHe? 3. OH Korua-HHOynb ccopwiuch? 4. Bor Korma-Hub6yb Gone’ mM rpuntmom? 5. On korga-Hu6yib MapHl BaM Be eI? 6. Bul Korma-Hu6yzp neta Ha JanbHnit Bocrox’ 7. Bol Korqa-Hu6yob Bue Takyo KpacuByl0 MeByLl ky? 8. Bot Korga-Hu6yap yuunu ppanuysckuii? 9. Bo Korga-Hu6yib npoboBarm crapxy (asparagus)? 10. Bs 6buIM BIIOOMeHBI Korfla-HHOyi1b? Present Perfect unm Past Indefinite Exercise 51A. Supply one of the Present Tenses = the Present Indefinite, the Present Continuous, the Pre: sent ePeHeCL: Present Perfect ncerma | Past Indefinite nepefaeT SbIBACT Ha CBASb TelicTBMA, KOTOpbIe po 4 elicTBUA C HaCTOSIMMM | MCXOMMJIM B IpOwwioM today ‘ yesterday t > Past ——————4 One} hea know what you (talk) about. 2. | heal ‘tbe) Th this country for. some time. 3. He st ao trettendously. He (seeys the play thre _ times. 4. I not know) what arry’ (say)i to ou >. want to see how much he“ Charige) since last. 6,, Wer (be)! ‘to the p ctures al ut twice a week ever since. 7. Hallo, wpb ( do there at this late hour? 8.1 (suppose)*you’ me, gue anything to do with those people? 9. She(b (bea since two in the morning. 10. I always (stayin my dressing-room and Arest), till the evening performance, Can’t | ¢ see you whilé you Gest)? 11. I (hear) yo a new. house. 12. Since the tragedy Mr. H Present (finished time) ye seen her today. 1. I saw her yesterday. Have you seen him this | 2. Did you see him this morning? morning? js still morning) (It is now afternoon) has lived in London | 3. He fived in London for or six years. two years. i) He still lives there) (He doesn’t live there now) J (hear) we BIATY SU ene ee Pi (happen) ‘Have you seen Ann re- | 4. Did you see Ann last anything else since your arrival in London? b week? Exercise 52A. Translate the sentences into English, w long have you 5. When did you fall ill? WOan 7. ill? : ae 1. A 3Halo ero OYeH XOPOLIO, MbI 3HAKOMBI BCH) en ill? (Ho: How long did it bea XV3Hb. 2. Kam, HT9 TH He, Buea TOD gun. O1 you to get there?) 38 38:Exercise 53A, Rewrite the contend Present Examples: I am writing a letter to ey usin. ts o 10. IL. 12. 13. 14. . The waitress is bringing our tea. (a . The bell is ringing. (just; some mi ago) . He is going to London in a dae (al- . The boys are playing football in the . Mother is reading a new novel a Ai . Students are cleaning their classrooms. (al- . The teacher is explaining a new rule. Gust: - Ann is doing the flat: (just; on Friday) . They are discussing this problem again. teeny _ Exercise 54A. Answer the questions in the Present erfect or in the Past Indefinite. Make a proper choice f the adverbial modifier. Perfect or the Past Indefinite. Examples: Have you ever been to Moscow? Yes, I have. | have been there many times. Yes, I was there laste year. (already, yesterday) cousin. I wrote a letter to my cousin. A Have yu ever seen the film “ Hainlet”? 2. Has lot we Hi we you. ever been ill with yao Be ile, be t book “Oliver Twist” by h | Dickens? Se Has’ our father come back from his Usiness trip? 6. Have your Written a ‘Tettey to. your il-friend? 7. Has i réetings cards to her rela- ves? 8. Has your bi wre shown you his collection f discs? 9. Have. Yor Fer been is ‘the Hermitag ge? 0. Has your “Mother.” inished knitting a cap for you? Have you See nhis new flat? 12. Have JR taken iy gy ee Wy. of your fellow-students? © © nutes ago, not yet) ready; last week) (yesterday; many times) (this month; last year) ready; last Saturday) Y d y Exercise 55A. Translate the sentences into English ising the verbs in italics either in the Present Perfect or e Past Indefinite. . Anon A Ws 4 5 B 9TOM CEMCCTPe Mbi napa MWsATb pac- A308 ti: Kpucru. - A 4T Mu B TMpOLWWIOM poe ERIN isa We Hi in? eet ES XK alt e sm a ta eae ae oxeHuit. 4.’ Buty, ef T, fh than hs LOH Ck ee BI Bian) Jipowom rony? - Harp, Oy nore AHA tip aa? - ond Roddbpinace © Hukom. - Boxe, ns pa3/ “ A ceopunuce B 9TOM Mecsle? - Ayuao, @ — AMA thy Quanel v4 Wil at the previous lesson) times; a few days ago) Granny is making a birthday cake. (just; vyes- terday) The birds are flying to the South. (already, at the end of August) The train is coming. (just; an hour ago) ae is your friend speaking to? (yesterday, just We are writing the words of Lesson 7. (al- ready, at the last lesson) NOMA,— " y Nlbeanto, Yow dn Yu Ad ad JVM r , MHOro pas. 6. Kak BbI npogeau ATCO KaHHKYJIbI? — 7 @opma OueHb xopouto/] ‘Mas y Hac Ova BeYepHHKA, MbI Texas | OTpullaTembHar al BOUpocHTesIbHast manueqany, caymanu Hopble sarucn, a Boxe po pow 1 I TymaTb; 2" Mas esduau se { ropon. Sve ve) i have not ions Bt Tne au rai BYuepa Beyepom? A seonina » he BaM HE€CKOJIbKO pa3, HO HUKTO He omeemua. - A Oo 2B : eek a has not {been | has {fe been roctax y Tau. 2. Uro caywuaoce? - JKon ynaa u aa writing | it (hasn't) ( writi he ee caomaa Hory. - Tne on ceityac? - “Ckopast nomomib” f ae we omeesaa ero B OonbHULy. 3. Buepa noxkaseieaau uto- Divs wu have not have} you HWOyAb MHTepecHoe Mo TeneBuzopy? - He 3Halo, ¢ He they) (haven’t) they cmompena. A oueHb ycmana M paHo aeeta cnatp. 4. Tne : Ikon? - On sce ene B OonbHune. On yxe Tam aBe : Can. Hegemm. 5. Bu B Jlonfone naxodumeco yxe Hesemto. Exercise 564. Supply the Present Perfect Kak on Bam HpaButes? Uro Bol yxe nocmompeau ? - Moi us Tense of the verbs in brackets. 6vau B Tayspe, Ha TpadbanbrapcKoli mmomanu, B Ha- g th, e then. (live) UMOHaIbHOH ranepee. - O, BI yxe eudeau MHOTO "1, She ... I OE ergy (play), MHTepecHoro. 6. OHM noocenuaucs OBa Tosa Ha3al UC 2. How long . He all iat ie) J ‘this school for twenty years. (teach).:() eriments for a year. (make); yourself lately (doy?iy fies as usual. (tell) Tex Mop O4eHb cyacTIMBEI. 7. A npunec Tede upeTpl. Pne romyOaa Basa? - K coxaneHuio, Mula pa3s6ua ee. - Heyxemm? Korga? - B pockpecenbe oH nomoean MHe : yOupatb KBapTupy M cryyaitHo pas6bua ce. kc she 3 5 : ee feat that question for many years. (ask) The Present Perfect Continuous Tense Hacroamee copepmennoe Bpemsa IMTeNbHOTO BHAA i me since the very moment | left the follow)? E ee Me fiihan to put the books in the ; der for three days. (help)i+| lL. eae he... for a long time without achieving good feats: (work), , Ww The Present Perfect Continuous Terise o6pa3yet- cs IIpM MOMOLIM riarona to be B mopme Present Per- fect Tense u mpuyacrus I (Participle 1) cmsicnosoro ra- rowla. OTO BpeMsI He MMeeT aHallora B pyCCKOM sI3bIKe MOXET IC¢peBOLMTbCA KaK HaCTOAIMM, TaK M Mpotses- IMM Bpe€McHeM. a 43 42Exercise 57A. Make u the example. Example: i She’s been repairin wi r E Ig the car for two Say how long the acti : : action has been onions chop on the beach repair — some shelves lie in the garden put up the car the kitchen Note: Some verbs e.g. know, want are not nor- mally used in the continuous forms The Present Perfect Continuous T, AMCTCA JIA BIPAKEHUA: |. umtenbuoro xeiicrsus, KOTOPoe Hayam MPpOULIOM, MponowkKatoch KaKoe-o B as “Sgemereed K MOMeHTY peu: Le oa of breath. He has been run- 2. JinutenbHoro AeUCTBUA, KOTOPoe Hatanoc MPOULIOM M MpomowmKaeTes B MomeHT oat i I have been watching TV since 5 Odlock 3: Tlosropmomuxcs AcicTBMit, Copepmraroumx HacTOAUMH TepHon BpeMeHH (5 yy eed CMbICJIe): ee I have been havin, ivi F ig driv he ing lessons for Ip sentences according to She / repair the car / for two hours. ense yniotpe6- E ercise 58A. You have to say how long some- has been happening. It is snowing. It began snowing two hours ago. It has been snowing for two hours. . Jane is reading. She began reading an hour ago. She ... for an hour. , 2. My sister is knitting a new sweater. She started knitting it a month ago. She ... for a month. . Sam is studying German. He started studying it two years ago. He ... for two years. . My friend is working at his report. He began working at it in the morning. He... since mor- ning. . They are building a new tube station. They star- ted it in June. They ... since June. . You are taking music lessons. You began taking music lessons six months ago. You ... for six months. : ‘ . Mary is looking for a job. She began looking for it in December. She ... since December. 8. George smokes much. He started smoking ten years ago. He ... for ten years. Example: Exercise 594. Read the sentences and add a sen- with the Present Perfect Continuous. Tom is out of breath. (he / run) He has been running. 1. We are tired. (we / work / hard) 2. You look unhappy. (you /cry) 3. John’s clothes are dirty. (he / clean / his car) 4. The children are hot and excited. (they / play football) _ Example: 45. Tom’s skin is red. (he / sunbathe / for hours) . Ann’s hands are in ink. (she / write / letters) . Mary is slim. (she / keep to a diet) . My sweater is threadbare. (I / wear it / for a CONN few years) 6. 9. He is very good at tennis. (he / play it / for p ten years) 7 10. E He knows every street in this town. (he / live there / for many years) Exercise 60A. Ask questions beginning with how long. Example: I’m waiting for you. How long have you been waiting for me? 1. They are discussing their summer plans. 2. Ann is translating an English article. 3. We are writing an essay. 4. The boys are skating on the pond. 5. Mr. Brown is travelling in the North. 6. It is raining. 7. My relatives are staying with us. 8. Mother is cooking. 9..He is answering the reporter’s questions. 10. The girls are looking through a fashion magazine. Exercise 61A. Make up sentences of your own beginning them with No wonder ... . Example: ver Mary looks tired. No wonder, she _ bee has been working very hard lately. 1. He is quite an expert in growing roses, (grow them for many years) f 2. They hardly speak to each other. Gos much lately) 3. She looks bored to death: (listen to Mr. Black for half an hour) He 46 Present Perfect tinuous c peGNAIOTCH WIA Mepedai COBterHHOTO Melt- a, CBA3aHHOTO C HacTosUMM (BouM pe3yIb- ATOM. aBHUTe CileMyIoulMe CMTyal{Hh: _ Tom’s hands are OHO WIM Het. 4, She is a very good dressmake, (make dresses for ten years) . The roads are practically ieee (snow for a few days) . I can hardly stand on my legs. (jance the whole night through) _ He is the author of more than ten novels, many stories and essays. (Mite books all his life) . Her eyes are red and swolle, again. (cry the whole night through) . She is a very see seertgry. (do this job for seven years) . The streets are slippery. (fteze for the last two hours) the Present Perfect The car is ready. y dirty. He has Ton has repaired it. n repairing his _ car. - @Mopma Present - Perfect Continuous ykasbiBaet Ha JJIMTeIb- Hocts Jelicrsus. Mor Poa Present Petigct cpumeTestb- CTiyep o TOM, ITO Aatyoe MevicTBMe MMeqg MecTO, OH0 gaKOHYCHO. 3HaeM, 3AKOHYCHOwith how long + Present Perfect Continuous Tense or Pre- sent Perfect Tense. Use the following verbal combinations. 3. Hexotopsie rnarombl, Kak npapusto, He yro- xercise 634. Answer the questions in the nega- \d extend your answers. Ixample: Have you read “The Fairy Tales” by Oscar Wilde? : No, we haven’t yet. We are still rea- ding them. We have been reading them since the beginning of the term. is Mother made a cream cake? a Hee 4 the poem “The Twilight” by heart? ‘ a ce uudents copied exercise 4? 4. Have you a z a it last? 5. Have you finished studying 7 a e = 43? 6. Have you collected material for oo ey i tk? 7. Have you repaired my tape-recorder’ i : ‘done the flat? 9. Has he written his pepo r: oO 10. Has Mother washed up after the party? 2. Jane has been writing Jane has written two letters all day. -letters today. Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous ynorpe6ms- ynotpeOnsetcs, eTCA, KOra MBI XOTHM Kora MBI XOTHM Cka3aTb, Kak Hoyro (how | cka3aTb, KaK MHOro long, since when) amwnocs} 6but0 coenaHo. WIM WIMTCA WelictBue. tpe6motes B Perfect Continuous Tense (Ho MCKJOYEHHA ECTB). _ 1. How long have you known him? 2. How long have they been here? Oru raarombt o603HayaioT He mevicTBua, a COCTOAHMA, 4YYBCTBa, Mpeacrasnenua. B takux ciy4aaix BMecTo Present Perfect Continuous ymotpeOsnerca Present Perfect Tense. Sto riarombi: want, like, have, know, believe, need, love, belong, realize, mean, suppose, forget, understand, seem, see, hear. reise 644. Supply the Present Perfect or the Perfect Continuous. They wall young trees in the park (plant). The job is done, O. oe om They you @ trees in the park since morning F lant work it 2 ae bet "he fir-tree (decorate). You can see it NOW. 6 © Exercise 624. Ask a few questions beginning them a) look for a house b) be close friends . Our parents ... the fir-tree all evening (deco watch TV be married rate). They are, still in the See ee ae wait for Mary know him — 5, He ., the tape-recorder (repair) a decorate the fir-tree be on a diet begun toyuse it. Aig oe read the book “Alice in Wonderland” be in love with him EG. He ©. the tape-recorder (repair) himself since make a new dress be ill - morning and hopes to finish it soon. re do exercise 5 be divorced 7. Mary is still in the kitchen. She’!,-it all 1 walk about the city be busy : (clea Wo 00 dai knit a cap know her family 8. Mary’..'the Le eh (clean) and now it looks cook dinner be on the stage tidy and nice. 48 49(Bh, autumn. 10. My mother doesn’t work. She oe As : 9. 1... a lot of material for my paper (collect) tired for two years. so, am ready to write it. , 10. I ‘some’ material for my paper since No i English. 67A. Translate the sentences into vember (collect) ‘and I’m only half-way throug ercise OCet ! ote muorout TeNneBA30, Fe Mae eTo ¢ ytpa. 2. Kto y ec yxKe éxonbKo MuHYT. 3. MbI ye nes ‘Spba Exercise 65A. Say, if these sentences are grammati cally right pr swipne. Correct the ones which are wrong y H “1. Vam waiting here for an hour, , TeTlepb %KLEM Cg = ieee eo f 2. They have been married since January. Beopurny, Cor Sr ~3. How long do you know,Ann? : aon Y at uesy10 Sere, Mth Ose tle a Ob HL a get. 8. Mot 2kem, ro, Ke, © Hememio. 9. CKombKo BpeMeHM OHA Oeper ypoku ku? 10. A tak pala, at MBI HaKkoHeH apne, 4, Ann’ has-aybad cold for the last few days. 5. My brother is studying languages for two years) 6. I always live in London.” >“ A She Works jin Sheffield since February. 8. We’ ate friends’ ane SLIDE 9. It has been rainin; weeks. 0. They have been Worobleins with the child- ren lately. 11. He has written two articles for a week. The Past Perfect Tense Tpomenmee Bpema copepmenHoro Bua e Past Perfect Tense oOpasyeTea Mpy TOMOLUM MoraTesbHoro ruaroya 10 have » Past Indefinite nmpuyacrusa II (Participle II) cmpicoBoro ryia- Exercise 66A. Supply the Present Continuous, the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous. ‘vine (snow) heavily. It (snow) since Monday. The a heavy snowfalls (make) the roads impassable, 2. She @opma 4 speaks a very good English. No wonder, she “(study) mmpocHTesbHast English since her childhood. 3. Where is Mike? He (Bae So vee (pack) his kit-bag. Oh dear, isn’t he ready yet? He: I ae (pack)” it’ since the very morning and (not finish) pack- you hie: ing it\yet. 4. I (listen) to this record for half an, hour ae had not ten| had 8° (written? but I can’t understand all the words yet. 5. You (be had written | 5, P hadn 1 wei a it here for two weeks, you (change) your opinion. of we we the South? 6. Your friend is fond of you. He (talk). of you Poe you very much these days. 7. Look! My, son (drive), ay the they car for the first time in his life. 8. We” “(g0). to the 51 pictures twice a month lately. 9. I (not hear) from 50 AA AExercise 68A. Study the following Sentences, tran ipemMoKeHUAX c colo3amu hardly ... when; late them into Russian, carcely ... when; no sooner ... than (enpa ... ‘ K). ‘aK; He yctiey (HM) ... Kal A 9TOM MMeeT MeCTO YacTH4Had MHBepCcHA, e. rnaron had 3aHMMaeT MecToO Tepes Mossme- alt: 1. I only wanted to know why he had lost his job 2. When he reached home, Dinny had gone to bed but Fleur was waiting for him. 3. After she had crie She felt better. 4. Hardly had the sun risen when th expedition started. 5. She had known him long befo he left for India. 6. At last she made him tell her that he had got into debt. 7, No sooner had the clock struc! midnight than there was a loud knock on the door. 8. She had finished cooking by 6 o’clock. 9. She had falle out of love with him before the war was over. 10. The Hardly had he entered the room when he heard some noise. No sooner Aad the bell gone than the teacher entered the classroom. students had passed their last exam by the Ist of July, The Past Perfect ynlorpeOnseres Ant BBIpaxKeHna: 1. Tletcrsus, KOTOpoe NpousouuI0 paHbie Apy- Toro LeiicTBUA B IpOUOM, BbIpaxeHHoro op- Moii Past Indefinite She loved me for the dangers I had passed. 5.00 p.m. 7.20 p.m. Earlier Past Past Present When! 1 telephoned Sue, she had gone out. 2. Jleiicrsua, KoTopoe 3akoH4Msoch K onpese- JICHHOMY MOMEHTY B TIpoUioM: They had finished the experiment by Saturday. 3. Jeicrsua, TipegqmecTByouero ‘apyromy en- CTBUY1O B TIPOWJIOM B CJLOXKH OCOUMHEHHBIX 2 ercise 694. Answer the following questions us- e Past Perfect Tense. Why didn’t you invite Dick to your party? (go to Moscow) Because he had gone to Moscow. i retuse te ictures with hy did she refuse to go to the pictur E Hh . film) 2. Why couldn’t you get into the osé the y) 3. Why did you come so soon from holiday? {spend all, the money) 4. Why didn’t c on. Sunday?(go/for the weekend) 5. Why Example: rel with him) 7, Why didn’t Mike bring the i ieee them) 8. Why ~ t nd him a letter at once? (send a seem ) Geis / y you give Nina the book yesterday?~give a 10. Why were you late for classes yester a § ‘the-8 ‘o’clock train) 11. Why didn t you pee 2 (not buy vegetables) 12. Why did he feel so t? (lose his job) ww A) ¥ ft "sentence 5 _ Exercise 724, Make up @ Raeeees sentence com- \ ; g two simple sentences. Exerci: ise 70d. C omplete: the of the st \ipestca aees phrases. / 1. We walked home et , Example: — The children went to bed. They did cay). f, { : their lessons. 2. They thought that’ Nena eule He The children went to bed after they 3. Did you ever see him after ie ‘gf l had done their lessons. uneruryt) Ao YY" AE She wrote a very good article. She studied the 4. I went down to the beach a bs J problem thgrough 5. Before she entered the Medical Institute she @ The train ponte Kissed ae tenderly and baw (paGorana HaAHeH). 1) wished good jugk: 6. The girl felt easier after she (Hordbopamtaies HMM). 3, He rose to fame. Ale wrote ns mover? ‘Pickwick 7, When I turned round (ona yKe BBILWIa “3 Papers”. KOMHATBI). One Cet . The sun rose. The party made a the top of 8. When Mother came home (aetm yxe mernn ( ~ the mountain. 5 cmatb). 4 §. She learned the poem by heart. She listened 9. She didn’t want to speak to him (nogne Toro, 4 to the record many times. © ein KaK OHM MOccopwinch). / rel aie 6, He spent a few years in the Far East. He sett- 10. He couldn’t believe that (mr cnrenrantit 9TO caw). led down in his native town. 7. He was a, widower for a year. coffe met Mrs. Jones. $. She fell ill. They moved to Siberia. >. We packed our things . The taxi arrived. 40. The bell rang. The children ran out of the classroom. We Exercise 71A. Jane arrived late at diffe nt places yesterday. What had happened when she arrived at each place? Example: _ When she arrived at the st he Station. hey train had already left. S ricercise 734. Complete the following sentences the Past Perfect or the Past Continuous Tense. 1, the station her train / 2 already/ leave 9. the theatre the play / “already / start < a two variants wherever possible. 3. the post-office it /“already / close “ "1. He saw tittle’OF his sister after... . 2. When I 4. the dress shop thoy oP sell / the dress she wanted to Pane she... 3. When he rang me up in the buy g 4, Everybody believed that they ... - 5. We 5. Jack’s house —_he/go out d ho cae _. ,. 6.Before the boy could. say 6. the tennis court the game / nearly / finish” his. friend ‘7. They thos that she’ Hers 7. the cafe her friend / just / leave? en he reached the house his wife’... 9. My bia 8. the University her classes / already / begin ’ e that he... 10. When a attived in aes it. 55- Exercise 74A. Supply the Past Indefinite, the Pas Continuous or the Past Perfect. ercise 764. Make up sentences of your own ning the parts suggested with the help of the ole} i 1, When “the ceremony (take place)? 2. Twé tions hardly ... when, no sooner ... than. . cars (stand, by) ee an how: ready to, start. 3. I could tead from his face that ne theses to tell the truth 4. She (lead) him to the cab, that (wait) ‘at the door 5. My father (be)’forty and (be) ‘a, widower for fif teen years. 6,. He (stand up) quiches and (clasp) hi hands which (tremble) ie I (meet) him for the first time the day before iwantete 8. He asked her where she st y sé he (want)to_see bel pag 9. Hard ee ¢ eae seats wheit tre Te Sees, 10. Wat son (know) that his friend always (smok ae after] pipe when he (think) over a difficult problem. NO RNIN rg Exercise 75A. Read and translate these sentence! into Russian paying special attention to the conjunc tions. He (leave) the room; the bomb (ex- plode). Hardly had he left the room when the f bomb exploded. L "The, guests (leave)s shey(go) upstairs. 2. 'The’sun (set); it eo very cold. _ 3. The teacher (enter) the classroom; the pupils _ (stand up). f . They (have) their dinner; the telephone (ane) . The train (start)“she (cry). . He (finish) his slory; there (be). a burst of laughter. . They (get married); she (begin) to make scenes. . She (explain) everything; 6 (stop) ‘ listening. . They (leave), town; they (feel) better. . She (enter) the room; the light (go out). 1. Hardly had we packed our things when it wai high time to go to the station. 2. No sooner had he made a call than the secretary brought him all the pa- ercise 77A. Conn the sentences supplying pers he had asked for. 3. Hardly had the last passenge| missin; Nod pny got on the train when it started. 4. No sooner had the NOM y mn fe A ut, of ieee passengers taken off their coats than the attendant 4 eet Pay Mn Ou RS brought in tea. 5. Hardly had he touched the pillow ¥T0 when he fell asleep. 6. No sooner had we entered the hall than the lights went out and the curtain rose 7. Hardly had she entered the room when some ma tushed to her. 8. Hardly had we started when it bega raining cats and dogs. 9. Hardly had he recovered from his illness when there followed another heart attac 10. No sooner had the curtain fallen than there was @ storm of applause. “Ahan the child went (Si sleep! ot baste, fe, day broken Id r én the train arrived. if 6. oy sooner had she left the house?... ‘ 7. Hard!y had the singer appeared on the stage, “4 _ 8. Hardly"had he-opened the door... HE >. Pe: had the snow covered the oe ae 10. ... than he asked another question. 56«ih Exercise 78A. Translate is) A into English. Exercise 794. Supply the Past Perfect Continuous 1. Ou ckasaq, 4TO/B aBry, ¢ 6 BLL Bee of the verbs in brgekety, a Enel sere dah ies odin bal O¥eHb OBeAtie~ . I was tired. 1/(Work) all day long. 2. The Hl ‘4 at CBOIO 3HaMeHH- was empty but there was a smell of cigarettes. 70 SB Fa ae wien a nee ody (smoke) in the room. 3. He turned to the q AG A ake is o (listen) to the conversation with breathless in- oh eared Kad oe 5. Bee nymann, 4TO,9 4. It was very hot in the house and she (lie) fae anspuit. 6. A aymana, onn nie ec: ee F BADTHDY 7. Koma x nosponia eft One for hours. 5. It (snow) heavily and the tele- 48y Tea "8 Huxro, He 3qan, ato eny was cut down. 6. It (rain) for weeks and the esate ridge across the river was destroyed. 7. It be- 2. Kora onu Bepl A d “yuna eset. 10. Mocne oral > very dark and the children (speak) in low voices he last ten minutes. 8. He (study) the problem Bep, OHa Hyicro oO HOM He CJIBLLasTA. Wn The Past Perfect Continuous Tense TIpomeymee copepmiennoe BpeMs AIMTeNbHOTO BHA The Past Perfect Continuous ynorpeOusetes 110 _ BBIpaxKeHUA: The Past Perfect Continuous Tense o6pa3yeres npn MIOMOM[M BCIOMOraTesIbHoro raroma fo be B Past a Mu mpwyactus I ocHosHoro riaroma. ‘J[nurenbuoro jeiictBus, KoTOpoe Hayalocb B MIpOWLIOM VM 3aKOHYMIOCh K OnpemeneHHOMy - pHOMCHTY B MpOLioM: r He was out of breath. He had been run- ning fast. ‘ J[nurenbHoro AeiictBusa, KoTOpoe Hayaslocb paHb- Ie MOMeHTa B TpOuWIOM HM MpoxomxKaoch B _ OMpeseeHHbIit MOMEHT B TIpOLWIOM: @Mopma yrbepquTenbHat orputiarerbHast BOMPOCHTeIbHat I I I you you you he he he He had been teaching English for ten she | had been she (had not been | had she | been > years when we met. it writing it {writing it writing? we we we you you you they they they _ IIpu 3ToM MoxeT ObiTb O603HaYeH Kak BEC Ie- | puog (mpegnor for), B TevweHve KoTOporo MIn- jlOch WelicTBMe, TaK M HaYAIbHbIi MOMeHT (since): We had been smoking in silence for a few minutes before he spoke again. He had been studying foreign languages since he became a student. 5860 Exercise 80A. Complete the questions and let you fellow-students answer them. Example: — How long had you been learning En- mple: 10. it: . How long had your grandfather been working . How long had your family been living in a . How long had they been saving up money be- . How long had he been writing poems before . How long had they been discussing this ques- . How long had you been listening to this record . How long had your brother been training be- . How long had you been taking this medicine . How long had you been reading English books ise 81A. Make up sentences with the Past Continuous Tense. Mother / teach literature for 20 years / retire. Mother had been teaching literature for 20 years before she retired. glish before ... (take up German)? How long had you been learning English before you took up German? |. Your friend / live in Siberia for 5 years / move to the Far East. rooney She / take this medicine for a week / fecover, . Kasparov / play chess for five years / become. _ the world chess champion. Mr. Brown / travel in India for three years / settle down in his native town. 5. The actors / rehearse the play for a month / stage it. He/ write books for a few years / rise to fame. He / work as an engineer for ten years / be- come a good specialist The students / listen to the record for an hour/ catch the intonation. 9. He / compose music for two years / become popular. He / feel poorly for some time / fall ill. at a factory before ... (retire)? communal flat before ... (move to a separate flat)? , fore ... (buy a car)? . (publish a book)? tion before ... (arrive at an agreement)? before ... (understand every word)? fore ... (set a record)? before ... (get well)? in adaptation before .,. (read them in the origi- nal)? How long had the studio been making this film before ... (release it)? How long had they been dating before ... (get married)? > Past Perfect the Past { 5 Continuous [yeT TOMHUTH, ¥TO Past Continuous ynorpe6- | UIA BbIPMKCHHA AeiCTBUA COBepaBUie- B OMpeseneHHbIit Momenm B MpOuUIIOM, a Perfect Continuous BbIpaxkaet elicTBue, KO- CoBepmlaock B OlpedemeHHbIli nepuod Bpe- B MIpoOuiiom.CpaBunte: When I looked out of the window it had heen raining. (B ToT MOMeHT, Kora I BBIPISHYIa B OKHO, OKLA He ObVIO,OH Wel Ilo 9TOrO B TeYeHMe Ka- KOro-To TepHosa.) When I /ooked out of the window it was raining. (Korna s BbiriatHyna B OKHO, HOXKMb Ules (AMeHHO B 3TOT MO- MEHT.) Exercise 824. Make up the sentences complet combining the suitable parts from the right and left-hand columns. 1. They had been experi- | when I came upon his nam menting for a year in a newspaper 2. He had been writing 3before the palace was ope poetry for some years | for the public 3. They had been repai- |4before they achieved some ring the palace for a promising results few years 4. I had been living in | {efore his first collection 0 London for a year poems came out 5. He had been working |Ybefore she became a pens very hard for a few | sioner years 6. We had been studying i before he could keep his the Perfect Continuous | family Tenses for a month 7. She had been working before we wrote a test-pa at school for 25 years | per 62 e had been studying |§ before he took part in Wim- unish for three years! bledon championship \9before she could buy a fir coat before she went to Spain as a tourist e had been saving | money for some ercise 83A. Supply either the Past Perfect Con- or the Past Continuous of the verb in brackets. . Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor, k) for his pen. 2. When I arrived she (wait) for But she looked angry as she (wait) for a very time. 3. They still (walk) when it started snowing. e children looked tired. They (walk) since early ng. 5. The magnificent car (wait) at the door. It or two hours. 6. The sun (shine) all day long | 7. She (cry) for a few minutes more befo- e could stop. 8. John (drive) the car when the ant happened. 9. The sky (clear) though it (rain) 0. The telephone (ring) for a few minutes before dy picked up the receiver. reise 844. Supply the Past Indefinite, the Past ious, the Past Perfect, the Past Perfect Conti- me time when the vei Aime seh iC if ning and the sky im What I (46)"and he (tell) me M the last three months. 4. They np e street for half an hour before they ¢ av 5. 1 (ide) Wieakfast when the telephone ( wo: you (know)//Mike before you (get marz A Bees. 5 65. tied) f Tes she!vbo ior | PE The Future Indefinite Tense turn) ‘home. 8. Shé“(cook) di i | rf Byaymee Bpema oOwero Buna when she (re nembe that she of : 9..She (thank)*me for what~I’(d0), haa (clean)’the front step for more than a their mother’(call): them to dinney) , \A. (look), ry clean after the childreft famil ‘watch! ‘TV when I (con) The Future Indefinite Tense oOpa3yerca mpu mo- OM BCMOMOraTeNbHOrO raarona shall (Mis | nMua en. ‘MH. Wvicna) w rnaroma will (114 BCex OCTANbHbIX JIM) MBICJIOBOrO riarosia 6e3 YacTULB! fo. @opma Exercise 854, tone the sentences inte pes de FD eee 1. Jletom mbt ste Ha nay hall , ae ay IM B fopor 2. Buepa 1 He Waits Teneby aee ae nponyerniaa P'eHb HHTepecHblit AHP, it wip. he | will he | will not ie 3 Korma oe aTenb Bolle B pHi, : she | (von'd) pill | ehe. HeHTbI ; write] 4 write it write?) a aaa MbI ce Hoag we © shall we shall not | shall" we 5. Nocne. 3aBTpaka #1 , (shan’t) ‘ol Wav anna B vel P| will YON [will not wit |" Vo Kalk a Has a Pp (won’t) they ao BC. — ee = “ik mili; hosiigh OQ» ae mena. 8. Enpa ou (OTKpbut mpepb, KaK ona Op Pee w™ K HeMy uM cTama KAKOPATECA Ha neTe OH M to TOposy Wemy! Heer To Toro, aGpe. ’ oe see | oe nee HOM © camIoM. 10. Tocne 46 L. IT... give you a call in the evening. 2. They come in a few days. 3. The film ... begin in 5 Ha on monies a te PER 1 esha aa . hinutes. 4. We ... stay at our friends’. 5. They ... eck. ‘ona wrpane JOTI b= 3 ; S asi onl, THEKMES a © it themselves. 6. I... help you with the cooking. sae be SkAeGem cotrpara pon TaBHOM repou ! He ... graduate from the University next year. 8. It Hu. 12. Kakoii-ro venopek xan ee BHM3Y. CityxKaHKa ¥. get dark in an hour. 9. You ... pack your things in CKa3ajla, YTO OH Xai Ce yKe OKONO Yaca. 78 : is ae aae y he evening. 10. We ... dine out tonight. 11. What wr A, o you think Sally ... do? 12. 1... drop by sometime. .. the boots be ready by Wednesday next? Exercise 86A. Insert shall or will. 64 B ax. 0919 65cise 88A. Decide which form of the verb is yr more natural in the following sentences. Jack isn’t free on Saturday. He will work / is working. mp ccording to the weather forecast it will snow / js snowing tomorrow. f re ; : eege will arrive / is arriving tonight. am sure she will come / is coming tonight. can’t see you this evening. A friend of mine will come /_is coming... : _ Don’t worry about the dog. It won’t hurt /isn’t urting you. j : : ‘He says the plane will take off / is taking off in “a minute. Sra aaseeen ee | The wind is getting stronger. It will rain / is raining in the night. ie oe ). I hope the company will leave / is leaving in a few minutes. : E _ Ann thinks that they will stay / are staying at a hotel. PEs The Future Indefinite Tense ynotpe6nseTca 118 BbIpaxkeHHs: 1, OgHoKpaTHBIX Jeiicrsuii, KoTopble npousolnyT B 6yHyuLeM: He will come back in two days. 2. Tloptropstoumxcs gelicTBnii, KOTOpbIe Mpousoli- ayT B 6ynyulem: She will take English lessons twice a week. 3anomunte: Pa3srpannueHne Mexay riaromamu shall will xapakTepHo ist OpuTraHcKoro BapvaH Ta aHrMiicKoro A3bIKa, HO B pasrOBOpHO! peu GOonee ynotpeOuTeIbHbIM ABIAeTCS rnaron will qs Bcex JIM MW YMcer. Exercise 87A. Complete the sentences with. /’ and a suitable verb. 1. I feel a bit hungry. I think ... something t¢ eat. 2. “Have you written that letter to Jack?” - “Oh, I forgot. ... it this evening.” 3. “We haven’t got milk! - “Oh, haven’t we. ... and get some.” 4. “Would yo like tea or coffee?” - “... coffee, please.” 5. It’s cold here. I think ... the window. 6. It’s late to telephone Jack. Well, ... him in the morning. 7. Don’t cook anything for me. ... (dine out) tonight. 8. ... some sandwiches for the party. 9. I don’t like this dress. .. on the green dress. 10. “Are you going to send him 4 postcard or a telegram?” - “... him a telegram. 11. «: everything I can to help you. 12. “... hir some tea”, Naomi said. ' Exercise 894. Complete the second line of these mple: A. I’ve got a headache. B. ll get you an aspirin. [ve spent all the money. Palas ciao John and Mary have just got married. Have they? Pll... -. _ What’s his telephone number? - Just a moment. Vil... --- _ We’ve run out of bread. E 4. f — Don’t worry. Pil... - w> wp wr a> 67 6668 5. A. You'll need some bo ‘ oks for Be En paws library. one 6. A. Now you have a fl at of keep any pets? poe Be Tiger 7. A. [have so many thi y things t rt 1 "heat gs to do before my son B. Don’t worry. Ill ... ... 8. : ee a pity you haven’t seen this film. 9. A. Wher “3 i 3 n can you bring me the book you promi Breas: Exercise 904. Derek is 18 years old now. Example: SADMNARWNHK What will he be like in 10 years from now? How will his life be different then? Complete what Derek says using will/ won't, time. . I hope I / have a job in 10 rs ti . Perhaps I / have : good ae et . I probably / not / be very rich. . | / not / look the same as I do now. . I think I / be married. . | / probably / have children. . I / perhaps / buy a house. . | / spend / much time in my garden. Are these things true for you? I hope I’ll have a job in 10 years’ 2 91A. Answer the questions about your Vhen will you have your next holiday? 2. Will in town or go anywhere? 3. Who will you go h? 4. What are you going to do there? Relax ¢ sights, or both? 5. Will you go there by plane or by car? 6. Where will you stay there? will you have your meals? 8. How much do < you will spend on your holiday? 9. Will ny souvenirs for your family and friends? will you come back? dymee Oeucmeue B AHTIIMMCKOM ASbIKe MO- eT TAKXKe BbIPAKATHCA: nomomin KoHetTpykunMH fo be going + bunumus: I am going to do this exercise - A co6n- palocb cilesaTb 9TO yTIpaxHeHHe. jomomu BpeMeHH Present Indefinite, 6eHHO c larowaMM ABYOKCHMA go, start, come Mi T.2.: The train sfarts in a quarter of an hour - Toesn ornpasntca yepes 15 MMHyT. Fp nomoum Bpemennt Present Continuous (¢ 4 Ke ParowaMu): j The expedition is arriving in a week - Sxcnenuuna npu6yneT vepes Hemes10. myuiee BPeCMA He ynotpeOlseTca B TIpMya- MHBIX TIpeMMOKCHMAX BPeMcHH M YCHOBUA, (© 3aMeHACTCA HacTOALMM: If the weather is-nice this afternoon we will have a picnic. - Ecrm moroma OyeT Xopolleii HHEM, Mbl_ YCTpOuM MHKHMK- : 6970 Exercise 92A. Think of an answer to these ques: tions. Give a reason to support what you say. Example: like this afternoon? B. I think it’s going to rain, That’s what the forecast said. . Where will you live when you get married? . What will your boy-friend say when he sees your new dress? . Where will you work after you graduate from the University? . What will you do if you win a lottery prize? . Who do you think our new Presi- dent will be? . What will happen if you press this button? . Where will you take your kid sister (brother) on Sunday? . What will you order for lunch if you are going to have a meal out? . How will you cook this fish? . What will you wear at Tom’s party? A. What’s the weather going to be Exercise 93A. Give a short account of: 1) what you are going to do tomorrow; 2) how your mother is going to spend next Sunday; 3) what you will do at Bill’s birthday party; 4) what students will do in an English class. Exercise 94A. Translate the sentences into En- using different means of expressing future actions. 1. Mur coOupaemca oTmpaBuTbes B TypMOxon (hi- holiday) uepe3 2 HHA. 2. OHa KyNMT STO MAaTbe, ra y Hee GyayT Zenbu. 3. Ec 0H MpwieTHT paHo, VM, UTOObI OH MOSBOHHII MHE. 4, Toes u3 Mock- mpuOpipaeT yepe3s 5 MMHYT. 5, OHM mospyxatcs, la ySHaloT pyr Opyra syuue. 6. A we Oyny BMe- patbest (interfere) B Balm AeA. 7. Cexpetapb oT- BUT 9TH MOKyMeHTbI HeMemeHHO. 8. NocneaHui c HauHeTes B 7 YacoB. 9. OH coOMpaeTcs MoroBo- tb c pam cam. 10. Korga eit ucrosHMTc! 21 ron, a yeyleT 13 Joma. The Future Continuous Tense Bynyuiee BpemMa AMTeAbHOTO Bua The Future Continuous Tense o6pasyetca mpu MOILM BCrOMOraTebHOrO riarosia fo be Bo BpeMeHH ture Indefinite u npuyactus I cmbicnoBoro TMiarosa. @opma BepAUTEAbHAr | OTpuarestbHast BOMpoOcHTebHas I a not shall} you Sie shall I he | will not yo} (won't) ‘ i 5 e will ae be writing} will a be writing J be g we shall not it }writing? (shan’t) shall you} will not shall we they Co) you will will they) 71Exercise 954. Rewrite the sentences using the F ture Continuous Tense. Example: I’m going to write letters from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 0’clock | be writing letters. - He is going to watch television from 9 until I o'clock this evening. So at 9.30 this evening he 2. We are going to clean our flat from 9 unti! l o’clock tomorrow. So at 10 o’clock tomorrow morning we ... 3. She is going to study from 7 o’clock until |) o’clock this evening. So at 8 o’clock this evenin) She ... 4. Tomorrow morning they are going to play foot ball from 9 o’clock till 10.30. So at 10 o’clock tomorrow they ... 5. I am going to look through these magazines from 4 0’clock until 5.30 tonight. So at 4.30 tonight I... 6. He is going to read a new detective from 10 o’clock until 12 this evening. So at 11 o’clock this evening he ... Exercise 96A. Say what you will be doing at these times: Example: 8 o’clock / get up I'll be getting up at 8 o’clock. 9 a.m. / leave the house; 10.40 a.m. / have an English 5 p.m. / wash up dishes; 5.30 p.m. / take a walk; class; 11.10 am. / have a lunch 6 p.m. - 8 p.m. /do home break; work; 4 p.m. / have dinner; 8 p.m. — Il p.m. / read, watch TV, have supper. 72 The Future _ quia BbIPMKeHMA: |. Anrep onpeneseHHOro MOM i, Future Continuous yi Continuous Tense ynorpe6iaeTor Horo BelicTBUA, KOTOpOe HauHeTcA 10 HTa B OyyueM HM Be elle oBepwiaTbea B STOT MOMENT L'il still be working at 5 o’clock. : is, KoTOpoe OyeT copep HbIii MepHol BpeMcHH B OyueT c J[nntenpHoro evict quaTbeA B OMpeneieH a He will be working on a new play du- ‘i i mer. ring this sum sie Heannterbxoro, HO sapaHee ea ve Horo felicTBHA (rmaBHbIM o6pas0M, BopHoit pes): VI be meeting them at the station. oTpeOmseTed TAKKE C TeM Future Indefinite B BOn- xe 3HaYeHHeM, TO u nS ery pocax, OOpalleHHBIX K crapwieMy CHU: ee movil you be staying here long? in A using fxerci AS te the sentences 1 ! ati Semen question in B to go with “pe + ing form. +h sentence. st office. Shall Example: f I'll be going past the po | post your letter? : B «Would you like to bor- a) Ls ie (go) past the ee Bess toc peetiete get one for vs ou (speak) to chet? 6 you? : Ms wes ss O00 | oe 73w What will Lynne be doing at these times tomorrow? 8.00 10.00 13.00 15.00 14 I... (not use) mys car tonight. We ... (get) some concert tickets. —— When ... you (visit)z Ann again? ay: .. you (drive), into town today?## . .. you (go ou, this morning? * 1... (not use) my camera at the week- + end. The children ... 7 (do) their homework tonight. : Exercise 98A. Lynne Carter is going from Lon- don to Manchester on business tomorrow. Look at Lynne’s plans. — 8.55 Fly to Manchester. 12.00 Visit the ABC travel company 14.30 Have lunch with Mary and Ron King 16.00 Visit Derek Hall 16.15 — 16.45 Take a taxi to the airport 17.15 — 18.05 Fly back to London Example: 8.30 At 8.30 tomorrow she’ll be flying to Manchester. Meee 100: 5 72. 13.30 3. 15:30 upply the Future Indefinite or the 4, Can you give her some e 99A Ontinuous of the verbs in brackets. ; thing? /Could I have a lift? AL be _ Sit down and fasten your seat belts. Ye (take afew minutes. 2. Do you think you sti (workout | five years’ time? 3. I don’t think Isee}him — 4. They (reach) the top of the mountainat Ui me tomorrow. 5. They still (discuss) (the prob- ‘at 11 o’clock, 6. You (hear) about it.in the 14 enews. 7. I (work) as a teacher next, year, 8. They (? a party on Sunday as usual. 9. They (laugh) 9 Shall I post your letter’ ,Can you give him a message? ,).» gia ‘Can I borrow it? ‘Could you get me a Pes ncaa fou at the theatre at 7 o’clock. - Exercise 100A. Translate the sentences into En- ‘using either the Future Indefinite or the Future uous. 1. Mot OyeM 2aaTb Bac y NaMATHUKA Tlyurkuny. peCHO, YTO OHA GyeT MeMaTb 3aBTpPa B 9TO BPC- OHM MoKaxyT 9TOT (PUIbM CHOBA 3ABTPa YTPOM. -yBepeHa, OHa Bce TOMMer. 5. Kak Bbl OymeTe 10- rbcsi Tyla? 6. Booch, OHa OyfeT TpaTHTb O4CHb © [eHer NeToM. 7. 3aBTpa B 9TO BpeMs Kopa6sb "T HpuomMxKaTbCA K Hearrosio. 8. OhbuuMaHTKa MpH- eT Kode UM MOpoxcHoe Hepes napy MuHyt. 9. To- , ITO 3MMa GyneT xonogHolt. 10. 3aBTpa MbI yBu- s¢. 11. Korna Tb BepHellibea, OHM Bee enje GynyT cBoem ctapoM fome. 12. CoG6aka 3anlaeT, ecu ii (stranger) nomoifeT K TBepu. “Shall I help them? 4, 16.30. 5,.17.3q if you tell them this absurd story. 10. 1 Capit fd) WA E™ 4 tThe Future Perfect Tense Byayuiee spema copepmicnHoro BHaa The Future Perfect Tense o6pasyetca pH MOMOU pcrloMoraTesbHoro riaroma fo have B Future Indefinite vu mpnuactua I] cmbicnoporo riarona. @opma yrBepaMTesbHat | oTpuuareibHad BOTIpOCHTEIbHAs shall not I shall I (shan’t) shall I you you you he | will he | will not will he she have she ( (won't) | have she |. have it written | it written it wtitten? we shall we shall not shall we (shan't) u a will OL ill not wil (" they, they} (won't) they. Exercise 101A, Make these sentences negative and interrogative. 1. She will have cooked dinner by the time yo come. 2. The teacher will have looked through all ou exercise-books by the end of the week. 3. The film will already have started when we gel there. 4, | shall have read the book by next Monday. back from the theatre. 6. The students will have passed their exams b ~ July. the bell rings. 16 5. My parents will have gone to bed when we come 7, We shall have finished our work by the time he Future Perfect Tense yrnoTpeOiseTed 114 BbI- KeHMs WelicTBHA, 3aKOHYCHHOrO K ONpesesicH- om MoMeHTY B Oy/lyliieM. MOMCHT MOXeT ObITb BbIPAKCH oOOcTOATEIb- M BpeMeHM C MpesOroM by wim apyruM BBIPAKCHHBIM TaroOM B Present finite: We shall have translated the article by 5 o’clock. When you come he will have had a bath. ercise I 024.-W articiple form. xample: Von : \ : 1. Life ... (become) more automated by then. that people do today. out). , ol _ scientists (find) other sources of energy? . How ... education ... (change}; the world? | _ ... the climate (change) greatly? ~ will save life of many sick people. hat will life be like in the year Complete the sentences using will (shall) have + By 2100 the world’s population will have increased to around 30000 mil- Computers ... (take over) many of the jobs 3. The earth’s supplies of oil, coal and gas... (run. .. we (find) a way to feed all the people in . Many new medicines ... (be invented) thatn oe WorAdeur, C Exercise 103A. Supply the Future Perfect Ten of the verbs in brackets. (listen) to the poem many. tiines before she understan( all the words. 3. They (get) you into trouble befo you can say knife. 4. I hope the telegram (comé before they start for the North. 5. The news of the marriage (reach) their village before they get there 6. She (be) there many times before she meets hit again. 7. They believe the ship (come) ba (write) the last chapter of his new book by the end the year. 11) By the time you come I (clean) the flal and (cook) dinner. uae ie 2: erfect Tense of the suggested verbs. By the time you meet him he ... (do a lot of wor k), (run out of the classroom). 3: everything for the lesson). When my letter reaches you I ... (move to New York). 4. I “S: Before, hear from» my sister again I ... (make many inquiries about her). 6. Before supper my father ... (look through evening papers). 7. By the time we get there the sun .., (set). 8. Before you learn to speak English fluently you ... (do many exercises). 9. By the time you .get your pay she ... (spend all the money). cise 104A. Complete the sentences using the By the time the lessons are over the pupils .,, Before the bell rings the children ... (prepare By the time he consults his lawyer his posi- tion ... (become much worse). cercise 105A:~Complete the sentences using a sui- difier of time among those given in the margin. e hope our luggage before they spend a week ll have arrived ... ey will have become lorst enemies ... yerything will have sen ready ... will have been in industry for years ... fe shall have packed our cases long before ... children will have lecorated the fir-tree .. he doctor will have exa ined his last patient~». ‘hey will have made rangements for before the train starts before he is fifty by the time the children come back from school by 10 o’clock e taxi comes before they leave England forever by 3 p.m. f } he dies e shopping before. le will have looked _ apis conference is over rough many books © atl 1 boy »— People will have forgot- him and his book | g before... e comes back from his ffice e finds some useful infor- They will have arrived mation. it some agreement be- io...r ; The Future Perfect Continuous Tense £xercise 106A. Supply the required future tey Re pn eestor ie instead of the infinitives in brackets. 1. I hope you (not forget) all this by tomorre 2. I think she (cook) dinner by the time Mother (ei me) home. 3. He (be) a pensioner for ten years next spring. 4. I hope they (tell) her the news by tl Future Perfect Continuous Tense oGpasyeTca OUIM BCTLOMOraTebHOrO Miaroa to be B Futu- ct Tense u mpwuactua I ocHopHoro miaroma. time we (come). 5. Ask him when he (finish) packir 6. What’... you (do) when | (call) on you at 5 tomop st row? 7. He (on deyeny corner of your room befo; euIbHast orpullateIbHat SoupO area he (leave). 8. The plané* (approach) Moscow at th 1 Shall nod shall I time tomorrow. 9. By the time you’ (get) ‘home Ghan't) me (prepard)~€verything for the party. 10. They (come he not will to see us next Sunday. 11. By the end of the year she “vont » Lie ne ae tae | (be) through with our experimental work. 12. Th hs shall a shall we doctor (examine) his last patient at this time tomorrow. (shan’ you a will{ Exercise T07A> Translate the sentences into Eng theyS (won't) yy lish uSing the-Future Indefinite, the Future Continuou and the Future Perfect. Exercise 108A. Make these sentences negative and ogative. In 15 minutes Father will have been working in the garden for three hours. 2. Next year Jim will have been studying history 1. On BepHetca MoMoii k [5 aprycra. 2. Gepe' Helem10.b 310. SREMA, Hau Ter0XOn OY ite eyes _ KaTbes/K Oeperam KyOpi. 3. A Oyny xMaTp Bac “B 3To Ke BpemaA. 4. Yepes Apa THA cryaetirst Clabate 9k3ameubI. 5. He npuctapant kK HeMy, OH o4eH - “pomyetes: 3aBTpa B OTO BpeMs OH OymeT qaBaTb cBoll ‘or 5 years. : , wee eth oe fib pe ted ee 3. 4 a ee they will have been travelling abroad “yept XKe 3aKOHUMTeA, HM Yepes momar a" i Oy Ronee igs, ace e a ae “if . i The workers will have been restoring the buil- HO TOTO, Kak TIpHAYT rocTtu. 8. OH roubpat yTO Mmpu- eT Ha BOK3aI- MpoOBOANTS Hac. 9. Yo Bor ier enath 3aBTpa B 9TO Bpema? - Byny Aapath cBoii I LYPOK B wkome. 10. Ctpoutenv 3akoHyatT HOBYI0" tuittin dl Mmetpo K 10 mas. 11. YOepu cBow /XOMHaTy TIpexie, ¥eM Moegxelib 3a ropon. 12. On'Bce noiiner paHbiye, 4eM TbI HaYHELIb CBOM OOBACHCHMA. a) ye 80 ding for a year in autumn. Next summer I'll have been teaching for 10 in this school. : 6. The childven will have been sleeping for two hours by the time the parents come home. 81The Future Perfect Continuous o6o3Hayaer neii- CTBUe, KOTOpoe HaYHETCH LO OMpeseeHHOrO Mo- MeHTA B OyfyUleM Mu GymeT MponoMKaTECA O 3Toro MOMEHTA M B 3TOT MOMeHT B OynyuleM: In 15 minutes we shall have been writing the test for two hours. Yepes 15 munyt Oymer apa yaca, Kak Mb TIMMWe€M KOHTpombHyW. OOpaTute BHUMaHMe, 4TO MpemoxeHua c Fu- ture Perfect Continuous cootsetcrsyior cnoxKHO- MOA4MHEHHDIM MpeMIOKCHUAM B PYCCKOM S3bIKe 9OTo BpeMs ynoTpebrsetesx ZocTaTOUHO pedo. Exercise 109A. Supply the Future Perfect Con- tinuots-Tense of the verbs in brackets. I. Next year we (study) English for three years, 2. In summer my brother (travel) in Siberia for 4 year. 3. In two years my friend’s father (work) at the It (snow) for a week tomor- tow. 5. Next year she (give) music lessons for twen- ty years. 6. In a month he (play) football for seven years. 7. In ten minutes they (discuss) this question 8. In September they (build) their country house for 2 years. 9. In two months she (work) at school for ten years. 10. In half an hour they (write) 11. The play (run) for a (dance) on this stage for fifteen years. 13. Tomorrow it (rain) heavily factory for 30 years. 4. for three hours. a test-paper for two hours. year in May. 12. In March 2000 she for almost a week. 82 Ex rcise 110A) Supply the Future Perfect or the e Perfect Continuous. . They (complete) the new bridge by the end of - the year. \ : By the end of the week we (wait) seventeen months for our telephone to be repaired. . I hope you (finish) this report by the end of the day. We (fly) non stop for fifteen hours before we get to Calcutta. : >She (leave) for work before the children get home from school. ; : 6. By this time next year he (write) his memo- ties. 4 . Do you know that your sister (work) for this company for ten years by next month? 8. They (be married) for twenty five years next year. . How long they (look) for a flat by next Monday? Exercise 111A. Translate the sentences into Eng- | putting the verb in italics into the Future Perfect yntinuous Tense. a. as per ere Ton 6yneT 10 met, KaK OHa pabo- mB OonbHMue. 2. Yepes oBa HHA OyzeT poBHO Kak sl yuy yictiaHCKHit ASBIK. 3\_Hepes Hememi0 fer Tp Toma, Kak OHM cmpokim KuHOTeaTp B Halle Woe. 4. Byiynumm jleToM OyfeT MATb eT, Kak Halla ylina pabomaem Hal oTO# mpo6semoi. 5S. Ha 6y- Mit ro, UcHOAHUTCH 6 NeT, KaK OH uepaem B XOK- it B oto KOMaHme®. 6. Yepes HecKonbKO AHelt GyzeT [, KaK 0H mywem aty KHUTy. 7. B aprycte 6yfeT WBa la, Kak OH fiiuém Toprpet cBoeli xKeHBI. 8. Yepes eCKOJIbKO MHHYT GyseT 3 vaca, KaK CTYZeHTH numym MHEHHE. 8384 . B anrmuitcKom s3bIKe rnaron MMeet spa 3a0ra: The Passive Voice _ Crpagatenbupiii 3an0r HeicTBUTebHbIit (the Active Voice) u crpafa- TebHBIM (the Passive Voice). T'naron ynotpeOnsetes B qeiicTBUTeNbHOM 3a- Wore, CCUM NOMMIExKawlMM B IpemoxXeHuN AB- JAeTCA IMUO WIM MpeqMeT, NpousBoxsuMe QelicTBve: John cooked the dinner last night. JOKoH mpurotopun oben Buepa. Tnaron B crpagatenbHom sanore BbIpaxaer zeitcr- BHe, KOTOpoe HalpaBNeHo Ha MUO uM Mpez- MCT, BbIpaKeHHOe MoM xKauuM: The dinner was cooked by John last night. Buepa o6eg Obu MpuroTosneH JKOHOM. . Crpanarenbubiit sanor o6pazyetca mpi MOMOUIN riarona to be B cooTBeTCTByIOLUeM BpeMeHU u npuuactusa I] cmbicnoporo rmarona. B erpa- AATEIbHOM 3aslore yNotTpebsstoTes chenyiouine BpeMena: being told } am are Indefinite Continuous have been | told should would have been told will shall had been told been told have has86 ~ Exercise 1B. These are the passive forms of Present, Past and Future Tenses. Study the sentence Translate them into Russian. 1. Many accidents are caused by dangerous drivi 2. The problem will be discussed later, 3. My sister is being shown a new video. . q The matter will be discussed at the next 4. The letter was given to him at once. meeting. Sc the director was being interviewed when [ M JIMUO, coBepulalouice MeiicTBMe, ynoMH- ee eee ACTCA B MpeWIOXKeHHM, HO He ABIACTCA NOL- 6. The boy has just been sent to bed. ‘KalllMM, TO OHO 3aHMMaeT MO3HIIMIO Mpen- 7. A new park will have been laid out by summer, _ MOXKHOTO MOMONHEHMA, BBOAMMOTO MpesOOM 8. He found out that the house had been sold t 2 : a rich American, 4 The music was composed by Beethoven. 9. Have you heard the news? The Governor has been shot. 10. Jane didn’t know about the change of plans, She hadn’t been told. Exercise 2B. Make these sentences interrogative (A) and negative (B). A. 1. — UnAbWD 3s 4. 5 6. - Some money will be given to you. . The ship has been sunk on purpose. . The car is being repaired at the moment. . The house was bought for 5 thousand dollars, . All her affairs will have been settled before . He said that detailed instructions had been 3 Passive Voice ynorpeOseTca B Tex ciy4a- X, Kora JIM, coBepiiaonlee AeicTBUe, He- 3 eCTHO MIN TIpeACTaBAeTCA HECYLIIECTBCH- Rome wasn‘ built in a day. . Kak TIpaBMIO, MpeLIOKHOe AOMOMHeHVe ynoT- “ peGusteTest B MIpesIOKeHMM, CCIM B pos cKa3ye- - Moro flaccMBHOW KOHCTpyKUMH ynorpebssioTes riarombi: build, compose, we het de- is j invent, make, write. a pasate ‘St. Paul’s Cathedral? It was designed by Christopher Wren. Warm clothes are made of wool. ‘Exercise 3B. Rewrite the sentences in the Active ~ Example: The children were carefully examined ‘ by the doctor. : The doctor carefully examined the children. 1. The pupils will be given out prizes by the head- master. 2. Many tasty things will be made by Mother for our party. 3. She is being told a wonderful story by her Granny. she gets married. given. The monument was put up before Victory Day, The old church has been reconstructed lately. The windows were being cleaned while | was there. A meeting was held in the village hall once a week. oy4. Yesterday my tape-recorder was repaired by m 7. They close the shop at 8. friend. _ 8. He translates articles every day. 5. This rule has already been explained by our F 9. She doesn’t send telegrams before every holiday. teacher. ; 6. The test had been written by the pupils before _ Exercise 6B. Supply the Passive forms of the verbs the bell rang. 7. Many folk-songs were used by Russian compo- sers in composing music. 8. Look, trees are being planted by the childrey) the box, using the Past Indefinite Tense. E invent, plant, kill, write, build, name, | discover, design, paint in our yard. t s 1. When ... America ... ? Exercise 4B. Answer the following questions. _ 2, Five fruit-trees ... in our garden last year. ; ictur iza ... by Leonardo da Example: Who wrote the novel “War and Peace”? f ae Mona Liza y vel “War ee ; ‘i The novel “War and Peace” was writ- Punt — in hievbath. ten by Tolstoy, P - Radio... by A. Popov. . The first pyramid of Egypt ... around 3000 BC. . The Winter Palace ... by Rastrelli. - “War and Peace” ... by L. Tolstoy. . Rossi street ... after a famous Russian architect. 1. Who designed the Winter Palace? 2. Who built this house? 3. Who made this beautiful jacket? 4. Who_ showed you round the city? 5. Who brought the flowers to the party? 6. Who cooked dinner yesterday? 7. Who answered the telephone call? 8. Who sends presents to you? 9. Who wrote this article? 10. Who makes your dresses? 11. Who did the shopping yesterday? 12, Who told this story? 13. Who wrote the book “Just so Sto- ties”? 14. Who swept the floor? Exercise 7B. Complete the sentences using the fesent Continuous Passive of these verbs: paint, feed, acuum, milk, count, repair, cut, clean. Example: The grass is being cut. The road ... Theferice::.. The cows ... The windows ... Fhe. cats: . The money ... . The floor ... . The carpet ... Exercise 5B. Rewrite these sentences in the Pas- sive using the Present Indefinite Tense. 1. Students write tests every month. 2. They make beautiful toys at this factory. 3. They export millions of cars from Japan every year, 4. Watchmakers repair watches. 5. People don’t use this road very often. 6. The bill includes service. SNIAWRON= 883; Exercise 8B. Choose the correct form: Active or _ Exercise 10B. Com Passive. 1, a, Teachers have given / have been given a new Example: Mr. Walt Disney created / was created the cartoon . The firm has been making / has been made is tr ir! badly. . He treats / is treated the girl very { i; He said that he had taken / had been taken his plete the sentences using the st Continuous or the Past Perfect Passive of the verbs 5 he box. k The children taught / were taught Italian. a . This problem will discuss / will be discussed a’ i ein aor ve oak ao nference. ‘ 2 ‘ follow, arrest Thea iden interviewed / was interviewed on French TV. Brown couldn’t use his office as it was being redecorated. 1. I couldn’t wear m: character of Mickey Mouse. _ 2. When he got back there. It ... . The room looked different. It... . I didn’t go to the party last night, because | ... - We couldn’t use the xerox this morning, It |. - Then I found out that I rise by the government. ! War Disney er y suit last Saturday. It ... to the car park his car wasn’t dresses for twenty years. watch to a watchmaker’s. i wasn’t alone. I ... 9. Many new houses have been built / have built _ 7. We didn’t find Mike at home. He .., this year. Exercise 11B. Ask questions beginning with the Exercise 9B. Complete the sentences using the Hon-words suggested, Present Perfect Passive of these verbs: repair, me Example: Russian is * spoken all over our count- take out, put up, clean, hang. Use some verbi j ty. (Where?) paper, , Where is Russian Spoken in our co- more than once. 5 ; untry? Examples: The door has heen repaired. : fae 4 : Some new curtains have been put up, L. Beautiful girls are often envied (what girls?), pa. Watches are made of gold and metal, (What ... of?) 1. The window ... 3. The réport on Byron’s Poetry was made in Sep- 2. The carpet ... __ tember. (When?) 3. The walls .... 4. This novel was written by Leskov. (Who ... by?) 4. The light ... 9. The ship was built in Germany. (Where?) 5. 8 oo. 6. The man has been operated on the heart, 6. The old firep 1 B (What ... on? 7. The picture ... 7 { ) 90 7. Summer plans will be discussed after our _ exams. (What? When?)ee ee 8. The flat was furnished in a very good taste. (How?) 9. Many beautiful ensembles in our city were designed by Rossi. (Who .., by) , 10. He will be punished for the harm he has done. (What ... for?) 11. The table was laid for two, (For how many?) 12. Two thousand roubles were paid for this col- lection of books. (How much?) Exercise 12B. Answer the following questions in the affirmative. Use the Present Perfect Passive in your answers. Is the dinner ready? (cook) Yes, it is. It has already been cooked. Example: 1. Is the floor clean? (wash) 2. Is the dress ready? (make) 3. Are the rooms tidy? (do) 4. Are the newspapers in my study? (bring) 5. Is everything on the table? (lay) 6. Is his shirt clean? (wash) 7. Is the air fresh in the room? (air) 8. Are his boots fit for wear? (repair) 9. Is the room nice and clean? (wallpaper lately) 10. 1s the place popular with tourists? (visit) Exercise 13B. Put the sentences into the Passive. Mind that the Perfect Continuous Tenses are not used in the Passive Voice. 1. His enemies have been following him all the time. 2. The students have been discussing the book for two hours. -3. This doctor has been treating my son for some weeks. 4. The mechanic has been repair- ing our TV set since morning. 5. He has been trans- 92 ng the book for two years. 6. She has been sending ings cards to her teachers since 1981. 7, They been visiting this museum since their childhood. € children have been trying on their fancy dresses ice morning. 9. We have been writing the test-paper ran hour and a half, Exercise 14B. Rewrite the sentences in the Pas- 1. They are building a new ring road round the y. 2. They will read this book next term. 3. They ncelled all flights because of fog. 4. Somebody is faning the room at the moment. 5. I didn’t realize F Someone was recording our conversation. 6. They changed the date of the meeting. 7. Dan told me Somebody had attacked him in the street. 8. She Ul have translated the article by the end of the day. John had been courting Mary for a year before he oposed to her. 10, They have been discussing his as Oposal for hours. Exercise 158. Supply the Passive form of the verbs [brackets in the required tense, I. Lanny noticed that he . .. (watch) by three white men on the other side of the street. 2. I hope the letter «. (send) tomorrow. 3. It ... (decide) to say nothing to him until the answer ... (receive). 4. You thought that the letter .. (lose). E 5. You don’t know he was with me two hours before he ... (find). 6. I don’t want to hear another word, I never ... (insult) so in my life. 7. The table ... (lay) for his supper. 93