BIDDING DOCUMENTS

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SECTION 1
INVITATION FOR TENDERS

Tender reference number : KISM/003/2016

Tender name :
PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS- NGONG ROAD

1. The KENYA INSTITUTE OF SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT invites sealed tenders

for the construction of PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS- NGONG ROAD
2. Interested eligible candidates may obtain tender documents, further
information and inspect tender documents from KISM website
(www.kism.or.ke) or https://supplier.treasury.go.ke free of charge.
3. The minimum mandatory requirements are:-
a) Company incorporation certificate
b) Be registered by the NCA under class 1
c) Valid tax compliance certificate
d) PIN registration certificate
e) A bid bond from a reputable bank or insurance company.
f) A signed and stamped site visit form (Attach copy)
4. In addition to the above, all the tenderers must provide:
a) Evidence of at least two completed projects of similar nature and
complexity costing not less than 500 million each in the last five years.
b) Annual audited accounts for the last three accounting years
(year2013,2014,2015)
c) A statement on litigation history of the firm (both court and arbitration
cases)
5. A complete set of tender documents may be obtained by interested candidates
from KISM website (www.kism.or.ke) or https://supplier.treasury.go.ke free of
charge. Bidders who download the tender document from the given websites
must forward their particulars immediately to the email address:
procurement@kism.or.ke and REGISTER at KISM offices at Nation Centre
12th floor, Kimathi Street, Nairobi, so as to facilitate any further tender
clarifications/addenda..
6. Prices quoted should be net inclusive of all VAT and other statutory taxes,
and must be in Kenya shillings and shall remain valid for 120 days from the
closing date of tender.
7. There will be a mandatory pre-bid meeting (site visit) on Thursday 2nd June
2016 at 10am at the site for all interested bidders.
8. Completed tenders shall be deposited in the tender box located at the
entrance of the Kenya Institute of Supplies Management not later than
Thursday 23rd June 2016 at 1200 (noon) EAT addressed to “The Chief
Executive officer, Kenya Institute of Supplies Management, P.O Box 30400 –
00100 Nairobi.” Tenders will be opened immediately thereafter in the presence
of the candidates or their representatives who choose to attend.

For KENYA INSTITUTE OF SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT

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 INSTRUCTIONS TO TENDERERS

TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

Clause PAGE

SECTION II: INSTRUCTIONS TO TENDERERS 4 - 15

SECTION III: CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT 16- 36

SECTION IV: APPENDIX TO CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT 37 - 39

SECTION V: TENDER EVALUATION CRITERIA 40 - 43

SECTION VI: DRAWINGS 44 - 44

SECTION VII: STANDARD FORMS 45 – 63

SECTION VIII: SPECIFICATIONS spec / 63-193

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SECTION II
INSTRUCTIONS TO TENDERERS
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE

CLAUSE PAGE

1. General 5-7

2. Tender Documents 7-8

3. Preparation of Tenders 8 - 10

4. Submission of Tenders 10 - 11

5. Tender Opening and Evaluation 11 - 13

6. Award of Contract 13 – 15

7. Corrupt and fraudulent practices 15

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 INSTRUCTIONS TO TENDERERS.

1. 1. General/Eligibility/Qualifications/Joint venture/Cost of tendering

1.1 The Employer as defined in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract invites

tenders for Works Contract as described in the tender documents. The
successful tenderer will be expected to complete the Works by the Intended
Completion Date specified in the tender documents.

1.2 All tenderers shall provide the Qualification Information, a statement that the
tenderer (including all members of a joint venture and subcontractors) is not
associated, or has not been associated in the past, directly or indirectly, with
the Consultant or any other entity that has prepared the design,
specifications, and other documents for the project or being proposed as
Project Manager for the Contract. A firm that has been engaged by the
Employer to provide consulting services for the preparation or supervision of
the Works, and any of its affiliates, shall not be eligible to tender.

1.3 All tenderers shall provide in the Form of Tender and Qualification
Information, a preliminary description of the proposed work method and
schedule, including drawings and charts, as necessary.

1.4 In the event that pre-qualification of potential tenderers has been

undertaken, only tenders from pre-qualified tenderers will be considered for
award of Contract. These qualified tenderers should submit with their
tenders any information updating their original pre-qualification applications
or, alternatively, confirm in their tenders that the originally submitted pre-
qualification information remains essentially correct as of the date of tender
submission.

1.5 Where no pre-qualification of potential tenderers has been done, all

tenderers shall include the following information and documents with their
tenders , unless otherwise stated:

(a) copies of original documents defining the constitution or legal status,

place of registration, and principal place of business; written power of
attorney of the signatory of the tender to commit the tenderer:

(b) total monetary value of construction work performed for each of the
last five years:

(c) experience in works of a similar nature and size for each of the last
five years, and details of work under way or contractually committed;
and names and addresses of clients who may be contacted for further
information on these contracts;

(d) Major items of construction equipment proposed to carry out the

Contract and an undertaking that they will be available for the
Contract.

(e) Qualifications and experience of key site management and technical

personnel proposed for the Contract and an undertaking that they
shall be available for the Contract.

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 (f) reports on the financial standing of the tenderer, such as profit and
loss statements and auditor’s reports for the past five years;

(g) evidence of adequacy of working capital for this Contract (access to

line(s) of credit and availability of other financial resources);

(h) authority to seek references from the tenderer’s bankers;

(i) information regarding any litigation, current or during the last five
years, in which the tenderer is involved, the parties concerned and
disputed amount; and

(j) Proposals for subcontracting components of the Works amounting to

more than 10 percent of the Contract Price.

1.6 Tenders submitted by a joint venture of two or more firms as partners shall
comply with the following requirements, unless otherwise stated:

(a) the tender shall include all the information listed in clause 1.5 above
for each joint venture partner;

(b) the tender shall be signed so as to be legally binding on all partners;

(c) all partners shall be jointly and severally liable for the execution of the
Contract in accordance with the Contract terms;

(d) one of the partners will be nominated as being in charge, authorised

to incur liabilities, and receive instructions for and on behalf of all
partners of the joint venture; and

(e) The execution of the entire Contract, including payment, shall be

done exclusively with the partner in charge.

1.7 To qualify for award of the Contract, tenderers shall meet the following
minimum qualifying criteria;

(a) annual volume of construction work of at least 2.5 times the estimated
annual cashflow for the Contract;

(b) experience as main contractor in the construction of at least two

works of a nature and complexity equivalent to the Works over the
last 10 years (to comply with this requirement, works cited should be
at least 70 percent complete);

(c) proposals for the timely acquisition (own, lease, hire, etc.) of the
essential equipment listed as required for the Works;

(d) a Contract manager with at least five years’ experience in works of an

equivalent nature and volume, including no less than three years as
Manager; and

(e) Liquid assets and/or credit facilities, net of other contractual

commitments and exclusive of any advance payments which may be

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 made under the Contract, of no less than 4 months of the estimated
payment flow under this Contract.

1.8 The figures for each of the partners of a joint venture shall be added
together to determine the tenderer’s compliance with the minimum qualifying
criteria of clause 1.7 (a) and (e); however, for a joint venture to qualify, each
of its partners must meet at least 25 percent of minimum criteria 1.7 (a), (b)
and (e) for an individual tenderer, and the partner in charge at least 40
percent of those minimum criteria. Failure to comply with this requirement
will result in rejection of the joint venture’s tender. Subcontractors’
experience and resources will not be taken into account in determining the
tenderer’s compliance with the qualifying criteria, unless otherwise stated.

1.9 Each tenderer shall submit only one tender, either individually or as a
partner in a joint venture. A tenderer who submits or participates in more
than one tender (other than as a subcontractor or in cases of alternatives
that have been permitted or requested) will cause all the proposals with the
tenderer’s participation to be disqualified.

1.10 The tenderer shall bear all costs associated with the preparation and
submission of his tender, and the Employer will in no case be responsible or
liable for those costs.

1.11 The tenderer, at the tenderer’s own responsibility and risk, is encouraged to
visit and examine the Site of the Works and its surroundings, and obtain all
information that may be necessary for preparing the tender and entering into
a contract for construction of the Works. The costs of visiting the Site shall
be at the tenderer’s own expense.

1.12 The procuring entity’s employees, committee members, board members and
their relative (spouse and children) are not eligible to participate in the
tender.

1.13 The price to be changed for the tender document shall not exceed
Kshs.1,000/=

1.14 The procuring entity shall allow the tenderer to review the tender document
free of charge before purchase.

2. Tender Documents

2.1 The complete set of tender documents comprises the documents listed
below and any addenda issued in accordance with Clause 2.4.

(a) These Instructions to Tenderers

(b) Form of Tender and Qualification Information
(c) Conditions of Contract
(d) Appendix to Conditions of Contract
(e) Specifications
(f) Drawings
(g) Bills of Quantities
(h) Forms of Securities

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 2.2 The tenderer shall examine all Instructions, Forms to be filled and
Specifications in the tender documents. Failure to furnish all information
required by the tender documents, or submission of a tender not
substantially responsive to the tendering documents in every respect will be
at the tenderer’s risk and may result in rejection of his tender.

2.3 A prospective tenderer making an inquiry relating to the tender documents

may notify the Employer in writing or by cable, telex or facsimile at the
address indicated in the letter of invitation to tender. The Employer will only
respond to requests for clarification received earlier than seven days prior to
the deadline for submission of tenders. Copies of the Employer’s response
will be forwarded to all persons issued with tendering documents, including a
description of the inquiry, but without identifying its source.

2.4 Before the deadline for submission of tenders, the Employer may modify the
tendering documents by issuing addenda. Any addendum thus issued shall
be part of the tendering documents and shall be communicated in writing or
by cable, telex or facsimile to all tenderers. Prospective tenderers shall
acknowledge receipt of each addendum in writing to the Employer.

2.5 To give prospective tenderers reasonable time in which to take an

addendum into account in preparing their tenders, the Employer shall
extend, as necessary, the deadline for submission of tenders, in accordance
with Clause 4.2 here below.

3. Preparation of Tenders

3.1 All documents relating to the tender and any correspondence shall be in
English language.

3.2 The tender submitted by the tenderer shall comprise the following:

(a) These Instructions to Tenderers, Form of Tender, Conditions of

Contract, Appendix to Conditions of Contract and Specifications;

(b) Tender Security;

(c) Priced Bill of Quantities ;

(d) Qualification Information Form and Documents;

(e) Alternative offers where invited; and

(f) Any other materials required to be completed and submitted by the

tenderers.

3.3 The tenderer shall fill in rates and prices for all items of the Works described
in the Bill of Quantities. Items for which no rate or price is entered by the
tenderer will not be paid for when executed and shall be deemed covered by
the other rates and prices in the Bill of Quantities. All duties, taxes, and
other levies payable by the Contractor under the Contract, or for any other
cause relevant to the Contract, as of 30 days prior to the deadline for

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 submission of tenders, shall be included in the tender price submitted by the
tenderer.

3.4 The rates and prices quoted by the tenderer shall only be subject to
adjustment during the performance of the Contract if provided for in the
Appendix to Conditions of Contract and provisions made in the Conditions of
Contract.

3.5 The unit rates and prices shall be in Kenya Shillings.

3.6 Tenders shall remain valid for a period of One Hundred and Twenty (120)
days from the date of submission. However in exceptional circumstances,
the Employer may request that the tenderers extend the period of validity for
a specified additional period. The request and the tenderers’ responses
shall be made in writing. A tenderer may refuse the request without
forfeiting the Tender Security. A tenderer agreeing to the request will not be
required or permitted to otherwise modify the tender, but will be required to
extend the validity of Tender Security for the period of the extension, and in
compliance with Clause 3.7 - 3.11 in all respects.

3.7 The tenderer shall furnish, as part of the tender, a Tender Security in the
amount and form specified in the appendix to invitation to tenderers. This
shall be in the amount not exceeding 2 percent of the tender price.

3.8 The format of the Tender Security should be in accordance with the form of
Tender Security included in Section G - Standard forms or any other form
acceptable to the Employer. Tender Security shall be valid for 30 days
beyond the validity of the tender.

3.9 Any tender not accompanied by an acceptable Tender Security shall be

rejected. The Tender Security of a joint venture must define as “Tenderer”
all joint venture partners and list them in the following manner: a joint
venture consisting of”…………”,”…………”,and “…………”.

3.10 The Tender Securities of unsuccessful tenderers will be returned within 28

days of the end of the tender validity period specified in Clause 3.6.

3.11 The Tender Security of the successful tenderer will be discharged when the
tenderer has signed the Contract Agreement and furnished the required
Performance Security.

3.12 The Tender Security may be forfeited

(a) if the tenderer withdraws the tender after tender opening during the
period of tender validity;

(b) if the tenderer does not accept the correction of the tender price,
pursuant to Clause 5.7;

(c) in the case of a successful tenderer, if the tenderer fails within the
specified time limit to

(i) sign the Agreement, or

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 (ii) furnish the required Performance Security.

3.13 Tenderers shall submit offers that comply with the requirements of the
tendering documents, including the basic technical design as indicated in the
Drawings and Specifications. Alternatives will not be considered, unless
specifically allowed in the invitation to tender. If so allowed, tenderers
wishing to offer technical alternatives to the requirements of the tendering
documents must also submit a tender that complies with the requirements of
the tendering documents, including the basic technical design as indicated in
the Drawings and Specifications. In addition to submitting the basic tender,
the tenderer shall provide all information necessary for a complete
evaluation of the alternative, including design calculations, technical
specifications, breakdown of prices, proposed construction methods and
other relevant details. Only the technical alternatives, if any, of
the lowest evaluated tender conforming to the basic technical requirements
shall be considered.

3.14 The tenderer shall prepare one original of the documents comprising the
tender documents as described in Clause 3.2 of these Instructions to
Tenderers, bound with the volume containing the Form of Tender, and
clearly marked “ORIGINAL”. In addition, the tenderer shall submit copies of
the tender, in the number specified in the invitation to tender, and clearly
marked as “COPIES”. In the event of discrepancy between them, the
original shall prevail.

3.15 The original and all copies of the tender shall be typed or written in indelible
ink and shall be signed by a person or persons duly authorised to sign on
behalf of the tenderer, pursuant to Clause 1.5 (a) or 1.6 (b), as the case may
be. All pages of the tender where alterations or additions have been made
shall be initialled by the person or persons signing the tender.

3.16 Clarification of tenders shall be requested by the tenderer to be received by

the procuring entity not later than 7 days prior to the deadline for submission
of tenders.

3.17 The procuring entity shall reply to any clarifications sought by the tenderer
within 3 days of receiving the request to enable the tenderer to make timely
submission of its tender.

3.18 The tender security shall be in the amount stated in the tender
advertisement.

4. Submission of Tenders

4.1 The tenderer shall seal the original and all copies of the tender in two inner
envelopes and one outer envelope, duly marking the inner envelopes as
“ORIGINAL” and “COPIES” as appropriate. The inner and outer envelopes
shall:
10
(a) be addressed to the Employer at the address provided in the
invitation to tender;

(b) bear the name and identification number of the Contract as defined in
the invitation to tender; and
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 (c) provide a warning not to open before the specified time and date for
tender opening.

4.2 Tenders shall be delivered to the Employer at the address specified above
not later than the time and date specified in the invitation to tender.
However, the Employer may extend the deadline for submission of tenders
by issuing an amendment in accordance with Sub-Clause 2.5 in which case
all rights and obligations of the Employer and the tenderers previously
subject to the original deadline will then be subject to the new deadline.

4.3 Any tender received after the deadline prescribed in clause 4.2 will be
returned to the tenderer un-opened.

4.4 Tenderers may modify or withdraw their tenders by giving notice in writing
before the deadline prescribed in clause 4.2. Each tenderer’s modification
or withdrawal notice shall be prepared, sealed, marked,
and delivered in accordance with clause 3.13 and 4.1, with the outer and
inner envelopes additionally marked “MODIFICATION”and
“WITHDRAWAL”, as appropriate. No tender may be modified after the
deadline for submission of tenders.

4.5 Withdrawal of a tender between the deadline for submission of

tenders and the expiration of the period of tender validity specified in the
invitation to tender or as extended pursuant to Clause 3.6 may result in the
forfeiture of the Tender Security pursuant to Clause 3.11.

4.6 Tenderers may only offer discounts to, or otherwise modify the prices of their
tenders by submitting tender modifications in accordance with Clause 4.4 or
be included in the original tender submission.

5. Tender Opening and Evaluation

5.1 The tenders will be opened by the Employer, including modifications made
pursuant to Clause 4.4, in the presence of the tenderers’ representatives
who choose to attend at the time and in the place specified in the invitation
to tender. Envelopes marked “WITHDRAWAL” shall be opened and read
out first. Tenderers’ and Employer’s representatives who are present during
the opening shall sign a register evidencing their attendance.

5.2 The tenderers’ names, the tender prices, the total amount of each tender
and of any alternative tender (if alternatives have been requested or
permitted), any discounts, tender modifications and withdrawals, the
presence or absence of Tender Security, and such other details as may be
considered appropriate, will be announced by the Employer at the opening.
Minutes of the tender opening, including the information disclosed to those
present will be prepared by the Employer.

5.3 Information relating to the examination, clarification, evaluation, and

comparison of tenders and recommendations for the award of Contract shall
not be disclosed to tenderers or any other persons not officially concerned
with such process until the award to the successful tenderer has been
announced. Any effort by a tenderer to influence the Employer’s officials,
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 processing of tenders or award decisions may result in the rejection of his
tender.

5.4 To assist in the examination, evaluation, and comparison of tenders, the

Employer at his discretion, may ask any tenderer for clarification of the
tender, including breakdowns of unit rates. The request for clarification and
the response shall be in writing or by cable, telex or facsimile but no change
in the price or substance of the tender shall be sought, offered, or permitted
except as required to confirm the correction of arithmetic errors discovered
in the evaluation of the tenders in accordance with Clause 5.7.

5.5 Prior to the detailed evaluation of tenders, the Employer will determine
whether each tender (a) meets the eligibility criteria defined
in Clause 1.7;(b) has been properly signed; (c) is accompanied by the
required securities; and (d) is substantially responsive to the requirements of
the tendering documents. A substantially responsive tender is one which
conforms to all the terms, conditions and specifications of the tendering
documents, without material deviation or reservation. A material deviation or
reservation is one (a) which

affects in any substantial way the scope, quality, or performance of the

works; (b) which limits in any substantial way, inconsistent with the tendering
documents, the Employer’s rights or the tenderer’s obligations under the
Contract; or (c) whose rectification would affect unfairly the competitive
position of other tenderers presenting substantially responsive tenders.

5.6 If a tender is not substantially responsive, it will be rejected, and may not
subsequently be made responsive by correction or withdrawal of the
nonconforming deviation or reservation.

5.7 Tenders determined to be substantially responsive will be checked for any

arithmetic errors. Errors will be corrected as follows:

(a) where there is a discrepancy between the amount in figures and the
amount in words, the amount in words will prevail; and

(b) where there is a discrepancy between the unit rate and the line item
total resulting from multiplying the unit rate by the quantity, the unit
rate as quoted will prevail, unless in the opinion of the Employer,
there is an obvious typographical error, in which case the adjustment
will be made to the entry containing that error.

(c) In the event of a discrepancy between the tender amount as stated in

the Form of Tender and the corrected tender figure in the main
summary of the Bill of Quantities, the amount as stated in the Form of
Tender shall prevail.

(d) The Error Correction Factor shall be computed by expressing the

difference between the tender amount and the corrected tender sum
as a percentage of the corrected Builder’s Work (i.e. Corrected tender
sum less P.C. and Provisional Sums)

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 (e) The Error Correction Factor shall be applied to all Builder’s Work (as
a rebate or addition as the case may be) for the purposes of
valuations for Interim Certificates and valuation of variations.

(f) the amount stated in the tender will be adjusted in accordance with
the above procedure for the correction of errors and, with
concurrence of the tenderer, shall be considered as binding upon the
tenderer. If the tenderer does not accept the corrected amount, the
tender may be rejected and the Tender Security may be forfeited in
accordance with clause 3.11.

5.8 The Employer will evaluate and compare only the tenders determined to be
substantially responsive in accordance with Clause 5.5.

5.9 In evaluating the tenders, the Employer will determine for each tender the
evaluated tender price by adjusting the tender price as follows:

(a) making any correction for errors pursuant to clause 5.7;

(b) Excluding provisional sums and the provision, if any, for

contingencies in the Bill of Quantities, but including Day works where
priced competitively.

(c) making an appropriate adjustment for any other acceptable

variations, deviations, or alternative offers submitted in accordance
with clause 3.12; and

(d) making appropriate adjustments to reflect discounts or other price

modifications offered in accordance with clause 4.6

5.10 The Employer reserves the right to accept or reject any variation, deviation,
or alternative offer. Variations, deviations, and alternative offers and other
factors which are in excess of the requirements of the tender documents or
otherwise result in unsolicited benefits for the Employer will not be taken into
account in tender evaluation.

5.11 The tenderer shall not influence the Employer on any matter relating to his
tender from the time of the tender opening to the time the Contract is
awarded. Any effort by the Tenderer to influence the Employer or his
employees in his decision on tender evaluation, tender comparison or
Contract award may result in the rejection of the tender.

5.12 Firms incorporated in Kenya where Kenyans own 51% or more of the share
capital shall be allowed a 10% preferential bias provided that they do not
sub-contract work valued at more than 50% of the Contract Price excluding
Provisional Sums to a non-citizen sub-contractor.

6. Award of Contract

6.1 Subject to Clause 6.2, the award of the Contract will be made to the tenderer
whose tender has been determined to be substantially
responsive to the tendering documents and who has offered the lowest
evaluated tender price, provided that such tenderer has been determined to
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 be (a) eligible in accordance with the provision of Clauses 1.2, and (b)
qualified in accordance with the provisions of clause 1.7 and 1.8.

6.2 Notwithstanding clause 6.1 above, the Employer reserves the right to
accept or reject any tender, and to cancel the tendering process and reject
all tenders, at any time prior to the award of Contract, without thereby
incurring any liability to the affected tenderer or tenderers or any obligation
to inform the affected tenderer or tenderers of the grounds for the action.

6.3 The tenderer whose tender has been accepted will be notified of the award
prior to expiration of the tender validity period in writing or by cable, telex or
facsimile. This notification (hereinafter and in all Contract documents called
the “Letter of Acceptance”) will state the sum (hereinafter and in all Contract
documents called the “Contract Price”)that the Employer will pay the
Contractor in consideration of the execution, completion, and maintenance
of the Works by the Contractor as prescribed by the Contract. At the same
time the other tenderers shall be informed that their tenders have not been
successful.

The contract shall be formed on the parties signing the contract.

6.4 The Agreement will incorporate all agreements between the Employer and
the successful tenderer. After 14 days of receipt but before the expiry of the
tender validity period, the successful tenderer will sign the Agreement and
return it to the Employer.

6.5 Within 21 days after receipt of the Letter of Acceptance, the successful
tenderer shall deliver to the Employer a Performance Security in the amount
stipulated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract and in the form
stipulated in the Tender documents. The Performance Security shall be in
the amount and specified form

6.6 Failure of the successful tenderer to comply with the requirements of clause
6.5 shall constitute sufficient grounds for cancellation of the award and
forfeiture of the Tender Security.

6.7 Upon the furnishing by the successful tenderer of the Performance Security,
the Employer will promptly notify the other tenderers that their tenders have
been unsuccessful.

6.8 Preference where allowed in the evaluation of tenders shall not be allowed
for contracts not exceeding one year (12 months)

6.9 The tender evaluation committee shall evaluate the tender within 30 days of
the validity period from the date of opening the tender.

6.10 The parties to the contract shall have it signed within 30 days from the date
of notification of contract award unless there is an administrative review
request.

6.11 Contract price variations shall not be allowed for contracts not exceeding
one year (12 months)

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 6.12 Where contract price variation is allowed, the valuation shall not exceed
15% of the original contract price.

6.13 Price variation request shall be processed by the procuring entity within 30
days of receiving the request.

6.14 The procuring entity may at any time terminate procurement proceedings
before contract award and shall not be liable to any person for the
termination.

6.15 The procuring entity shall give prompt notice of the termination to the
tenderers and on request give its reasons for termination within 14 days of
receiving the request from any tenderer.

6.16 A tenderer who gives false information in the tender document about its
qualification or who refuses to enter into a contract after notification of
contract award shall be considered for debarment from participating in future
public procurement.

7. Corrupt and Fraudulent practices

7.1 The procuring entity requires that tenderers observe the highest standards
of ethics during procurement process and execution of contracts. A tenderer
shall sign a declaration that he has not and will not be involved in corrupt
and fraudulent practices.

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SECTION III CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

Table of Contents

1 Definitions 18

2 Interpretation 19

3 Language and Law 20

4 Project Manager’s Decisions 21

5 Delegation 21

6 Communications 21

7 Sub-Contracting 21

8 Other Contractors 21

9 Personnel 21

10 Works 21

11 Safety and temporary works 22

12 Discoveries 22

13 Work Program 22

14 Possession of site 22

15 Access to site 23

16 Instructions 23

17 Extension or Acceleration of completion date 23

18 Management Meetings 23

19 Early Warning 23

20 Defects 24

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21 Bills of Quantities 24

22 Variations 24

23 Payment certificates, currency of payments and

Advance Payments 25

24 Compensation events 27

25 Price Adjustment 28

26 Retention 30

27 Liquidated Damages 30

28 Securities 30

29 Day Works 30

30 Liability and Insurance 31

31 Completion and taking over 32

32 Final Account 32

33 Termination 32

34 Payment upon termination 33

35 Release from performance 34

36 Corrupt gifts and payments of commission 34

37 Settlement of Disputes 34

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 CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

1. Definitions

1.1 In this Contract, except where context otherwise requires, the following
terms shall be interpreted as indicated;

“Bill of Quantities” means the priced and completed Bill of Quantities forming
part of the tender.

“Compensation Events” are those defined in Clause 24 hereunder.

“The Completion Date” means the date of completion of the Works as

certified by the Project Manager, in accordance with Clause 31.

“The Contract” means the agreement entered into between the Employer
and the Contractor as recorded in the Agreement Form and signed by the
parties including all attachments and appendices thereto and all documents
incorporated by reference therein to execute, complete, and maintain the
Works,

“The Contractor” refers to the person or corporate body whose tender to

carry out the Works has been accepted by the Employer.

“The Contractor’s Tender”is the completed tendering document submitted by

the Contractor to the Employer.

“The Contract Price” is the price stated in the Letter of Acceptance and
thereafter as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of the Contract.

“Days” are calendar days; “Months” are calendar months.

“A Defect” is any part of the Works not completed in accordance with the
Contract.

“The Defects Liability Certificate” is the certificate issued by Project Manager

upon correction of defects by the Contractor.

“The Defects Liability Period” is the period named in the Contract Data and
calculated from the Completion Date.

“Drawings” include calculations and other information provided or approved

by the Project Manager for the execution of the Contract.

“Dayworks” are Work inputs subject to payment on a time basis for labour
and the associated materials and plant.

“Employer”, or the “Procuring entity” as defined in the Public Procurement

and Asset Disposal Act 2015, is the party who employs the Contractor to
carry out the Works.

Page 18 of 193
 “Equipment” is the Contractor’s machinery and vehicles brought temporarily
to the Site for the execution of the Works.

“The Intended Completion Date” is the date on which it is intended that the
Contractor shall complete the Works. The Intended Completion Date may
be revised only by the Project Manager by issuing an extension of time or an
acceleration order.

“Materials” are all supplies, including consumables, used by the Contractor

for incorporation in the Works.

“Plant” is any integral part of the Works that shall have a mechanical,
electrical, chemical, or biological function.

“Project Manager” is the person named in the Appendix to Conditions of

Contract (or any other competent person appointed by the Employer and
notified to the Contractor, to act in replacement of the Project Manager) who
is responsible for supervising the execution of the Works and administering
the Contract and shall be an “Architect” or a “Quantity Surveyor” registered
under the Architects and Quantity Surveyors Act Cap 525 or an “Engineer”
registered under Engineers Registration Act Cap 530.

“Site” is the area defined as such in the Appendix to Condition of Contract.

“Site Investigation Reports” are those reports that may be included in the
tendering documents which are factual and interpretative about the surface
and subsurface conditions at the Site.

“Specifications” means the Specifications of the Works included in the

Contract and any modification or addition made or approved by the Project
Manager.

“Start Date” is the latest date when the Contractor shall commence
execution of the Works. It does not necessarily coincide with the Site
possession date(s).

“A Subcontractor” is a person or corporate body who has a Contract with the

Contractor to carry out a part of the Work in the Contract, which includes
Work on the Site.

“Temporary works” are works designed, constructed, installed, and removed

by the Contractor which are needed for construction or installation of the
Works.

“A Variation” is an instruction given by the Project Manager which varies the Works.

“The Works” are what the Contract requires the Contractor to construct, install, and
turnover to the Employer, as defined in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract.

2. Interpretation

2.1 In interpreting these Conditions of Contract, singular also means plural, male
also means female or neuter, and the other way around. Headings have no
significance. Words have their normal meaning in English Language unless
Page 19 of 193
 specifically defined. The Project Manager will provide instructions clarifying
queries about these Conditions of Contract.

2.2 If sectional completion is specified in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract,

reference in the Conditions of Contract to the Works, the Completion Date
and the Intended Completion Date apply to any section of the Works (other
than references to the Intended Completion Date for the whole of the
Works).

2.3 The following documents shall constitute the Contract documents and shall
be interpreted in the following order of priority;

(1) Agreement,

(2) Form of tender

(3) Letter of Acceptance,

(4) Contractor’s Tender,

(5) Appendix to Conditions of Contract,

(6) Conditions of Contract,

(7) Specifications,

(8) Drawings,

(9) Bill of Quantities,

(10) Any other documents listed in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract

as forming part of the Contract.

Immediately after the execution of the Contract, the Project Manager shall
furnish both the Employer and the Contractor with two copies each of all the
Contract documents. Further, as and when necessary.

The Project Manager shall furnish the Contractor [always with a copy to the
Employer] with three [3] copies of such further drawings or details or
descriptive schedules as are reasonably necessary either to explain or amplify
the Contract drawings or to enable the
Contractor to carry out and complete the Works in accordance with these
Conditions.

3. Language and Law

3.1 Language of the Contract and the law governing the Contract shall be
English language and the Laws of Kenya respectively unless otherwise
stated.

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4 Project Manager’s Decisions

4.1 Except where otherwise specifically stated, the Project Manager will decide
contractual matters between the Employer and the Contractor in the role
representing the Employer.

5 Delegation

5.1 The Project Manager may delegate any of his duties and responsibilities to
others after notifying the Contractor.

6 Communications

6.1 Communication between parties shall be effective only when in writing. A

notice shall be effective only when it is delivered.

7 Subcontracting

7.1 The Contractor may subcontract with the approval of the Project Manager,
but may not assign the Contract without the approval of the Employer in
writing. Subcontracting shall not alter the Contractor’s obligations.

8 Other Contractors

8.1 The Contractor shall cooperate and share the Site with other contractors,
public authorities, utilities etc. as listed in the Appendix to Conditions of
Contract and also with the Employer, as per the directions of the Project
Manager. The Contractor shall also provide facilities and services for them.
The Employer may modify the said List of Other Contractors etc., and shall
notify the Contractor of any such modification.

9 Personnel

9.1 The Contractor shall employ the key personnel named in the Qualification
Information, to carry out the functions stated in the said Information or other
personnel approved by the Project Manager. The Project Manager will
approve any proposed replacement of key personnel only if their relevant
qualifications and abilities are substantially equal to or better than those of
the personnel listed in the Qualification Information. If the Project Manager
asks the Contractor to remove a person who is a member of the Contractor’s
staff or work force, stating the reasons, the Contractor shall ensure that the
person leaves the Site within seven days and has no further connection with
the Work in the Contract.

10 Works

10.1 The Contractor shall construct and install the Works in accordance with the
Specifications and Drawings. The Works may commence on the Start Date
and shall be carried out in accordance with the Program submitted by the
Contractor, as updated with the approval of the Project Manager, and
complete them by the Intended Completion Date.

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11 Safety and Temporary Works

11.1 The Contractor shall be responsible for the design of temporary works.
However before erecting the same, he shall submit his designs including
specifications and drawings to the Project Manager and to any other
relevant third parties for their approval. No erection of temporary works shall
be done until such approvals are obtained.

11.2 The Project Manager’s approval shall not alter the Contractor’s responsibility
for design of the Temporary works and all drawings prepared by the
Contractor for the execution of the temporary or permanent Works, shall be
subject to prior approval by the Project Manager before they can be used.

11.3 The Contractor shall be responsible for the safety of all activities on the Site.

12 Discoveries

12.1 Anything of historical or other interest or of significant value unexpectedly

discovered on Site shall be the property of the Employer. The Contractor
shall notify the Project Manager of such discoveries and carry out the Project
Manager’s instructions for dealing with them.

13 Work Program

13.1 Within the time stated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract, the
Contractor shall submit to the Project Manager for approval a program
showing the general methods, arrangements, order, and timing for all the
activities in the Works. An update of the program shall be a program
showing the actual progress achieved on each activity and the effect of the
progress achieved on the timing of the remaining Work, including any
changes to the sequence of the activities.

The Contractor shall submit to the Project Manager for approval an updated
program at intervals no longer than the period stated in the Appendix to
Conditions of Contract. If the Contractor does not submit an updated
program within this period, the Project Manager
may withhold the amount stated in the said Appendix from the next payment
certificate and continue to withhold this amount until the next payment after
the date on which the overdue program has been submitted. The Project
Manager’s approval of the program shall not alter the Contractor’s
obligations. The Contractor may revise the program and submit it to the
Project Manager again at any time. A revised program shall show the effect
of Variations and Compensation Events.

14. Possession of Site

14.1 The Employer shall give possession of all parts of the Site to the Contractor.
If possession of a part is not given by the date stated in the Appendix to
Conditions of Contract , the Employer will be deemed to have delayed the
start of the relevant activities, and this will be a Compensation Event.

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15. Access to Site

15.1 The Contractor shall allow the Project Manager and any other person
authorised by the Project Manager, access to the Site and to any place
where work in connection with the Contract is being carried out or is
intended to be carried out.

16. Instructions

16.1 The Contractor shall carry out all instructions of the Project Manager which
are in accordance with the Contract.
17. Extension or Acceleration of Completion Date

17.1 The Project Manager shall extend the Intended Completion Date if a
Compensation Event occurs or a variation is issued which makes it
impossible for completion to be achieved by the Intended Completion Date
without the Contractor taking steps to accelerate the remaining Work, which
would cause the Contractor to incur additional cost. The Project Manager
shall decide whether and by how much to extend the Intended Completion
Date within 21 days of the Contractor asking the Project Manager in writing
for a decision upon the effect of a Compensation Event or variation and
submitting full supporting information. If the Contractor has failed to give
early warning of a delay or has failed to cooperate in dealing with a delay,
the delay caused by such failure shall not be considered in assessing the
new (extended) Completion Date.

17.2 No bonus for early completion of the Works shall be paid to the Contractor
by the Employer.

18. Management Meetings

18.1 A Contract management meeting shall be held monthly and attended by the
Project Manager and the Contractor. Its business shall be to review the
plans for the remaining Work and to deal with matters raised in accordance
with the early warning procedure. The Project Manager shall record the
minutes of management meetings and provide copies of the same to those
attending the meeting and the Employer. The responsibility of the parties for
actions to be taken shall be decided by the Project Manager either at the
management meeting or after the management meeting and stated in writing
to all who attended the meeting.

19. Early Warning

19.1 The Contractor shall warn the Project Manager at the earliest opportunity of
specific likely future events or circumstances that may adversely affect the
quality of the Work, increase the Contract Price or delay the execution of the
Works. The Project Manager may require the Contractor to provide an
estimate of the expected effect of the future event or circumstance on the
Contract Price and Completion Date. The estimate shall be provided by the
Contractor as soon as reasonably possible.
19.2 The Contractor shall cooperate with the Project Manager in making and
considering proposals on how the effect of such an event or circumstance

Page 23 of 193
 can be avoided or reduced by anyone involved in the Work and in carrying
out any resulting instructions of the Project Manager.
20. Defects

20.1 The Project Manager shall inspect the Contractor’s work and notify the
Contractor of any defects that are found. Such inspection shall not affect the
Contractor’s responsibilities. The Project Manager may instruct the
Contractor to search for a defect and to uncover and test any Work that the
Project Manager considers may have a defect. Should the defect be found,
the cost of uncovering and making good shall be borne by the Contractor,
However, if there is no defect found, the cost of uncovering and making
good shall be treated as a variation and added to the Contract Price.

20.2 The Project Manager shall give notice to the Contractor of any defects
before the end of the Defects Liability Period, which begins at Completion,
and is defined in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract. The Defects
Liability Period shall be extended for as long as defects remain to be
corrected.

20.3 Every time notice of a defect is given, the Contractor shall correct the
notified defect within the length of time specified by the Project Manager’s
notice. If the Contractor has not corrected a defect within the time specified
in the Project Manager’s notice, the Project Manager will assess the cost of
having the defect corrected by other parties and such cost shall be treated
as a variation and be deducted from the Contract Price.

21. Bills Of Quantities

21.1 The Bills of Quantities shall contain items for the construction, installation,
testing and commissioning of the Work to be done by the Contractor. The
Contractor will be paid for the quantity of the Work done at the rate in the
Bills of Quantities for each item.

21.2 If the final quantity of the Work done differs from the quantity in the Bills of
Quantities for the particular item by more than 25 percent and provided the
change exceeds 1 percent of the Initial Contract price, the Project Manager
shall adjust the rate to allow for the change.

21.3 If requested by the Project Manager, the Contractor shall provide the Project
Manager with a detailed cost breakdown of any rate in the Bills of Quantities.

22. Variations

22.1 All variations shall be included in updated programs produced by the

Contractor.

22.2 The Contractor shall provide the Project Manager with a quotation for
carrying out the variations when requested to do so. The Project Manager
shall assess the quotation, which shall be given within seven days of the
request or within any longer period as may be stated by the Project Manager
and before the Variation is ordered.

Page 24 of 193
 22.3 If the work in the variation corresponds with an item description in the Bills of
Quantities and if in the opinion of the Project Manager, the quantity of work
is not above the limit stated in Clause 21.2 or the timing of its execution does
not cause the cost per unit of quantity to change, the rate in the Bills of
Quantities shall be used to calculate the value of the variation. If the cost
per unit of quantity changes, or
if the nature or timing of the work in the variation does not correspond with
items in the Bills of Quantities, the quotation by the Contractor shall be in the
form of new rates for the relevant items of Work.

22.4 If the Contractor’s quotation is unreasonable, the Project Manager may

order the variation and make a change to the Contract price, which shall be
based on the Project Manager’s own forecast of the effects of the variation
on the Contractor’s costs.

22.5 If the Project Manager decides that the urgency of varying the Work would
prevent a quotation being given and considered without delaying the Work,
no quotation shall be given and the variation shall be treated as a
Compensation Event.

22.6 The Contractor shall not be entitled to additional payment for costs that
could have been avoided by giving early warning.

22.7 When the Program is updated, the Contractor shall provide the Project
Manager with an updated cash flow forecast.

23. Payment Certificates, Currency of Payments and Advance Payments

23.1 The Contractor shall submit to the Project Manager monthly applications for
payment giving sufficient details of the Work done and materials on Site and
the amounts which the Contractor considers himself to be entitled to. The
Project Manager shall check the monthly application and certify the amount
to be paid to the Contractor within 14 days. The value of Work executed and
payable shall be determined by the Project Manager.

23.2 The value of Work executed shall comprise the value of the quantities of the
items in the Bills of Quantities completed; materials delivered on Site,
variations and compensation events. Such materials shall become the
property of the Employer once the Employer has paid the Contractor for their
value. Thereafter, they shall not be removed from Site without the Project
Manager’s instructions except for use upon the Works.

23.3 Payments shall be adjusted for deductions for retention. The Employer shall
pay the Contractor the amounts certified by the Project Manager within 30
days of the date of issue of each certificate. If the Employer makes a late
payment, the Contractor shall be paid simple interest on the late payment in
the next payment. Interest shall be calculated on the basis of number of
days delayed at a rate three percentage points above the Central Bank of
Kenya’s average rate for base lending prevailing as of the first day the
payment becomes overdue.

23.4 If an amount certified is increased in a later certificate or as a result of an

award by an Arbitrator, the Contractor shall be paid interest upon the
Page 25 of 193
 delayed payment as set out in this clause. Interest shall be calculated from
the date upon which the increased amount would have been certified in the
absence of dispute.

23.5 Items of the Works for which no rate or price has been entered in will not be
paid for by the Employer and shall be deemed covered by other rates and
prices in the Contract.

23.6 The Contract Price shall be stated in Kenya Shillings. All payments to the
Contractor shall be made in Kenya Shillings and foreign currency in the
proportion indicated in the tender, or agreed prior to the execution of the
Contract Agreement and indicated therein. The rate of exchange for the
calculation of the amount of foreign currency payment shall be the rate of
exchange indicated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract. If the
Contractor indicated foreign currencies for payment other than the
currencies of the countries of origin of related goods and services the
Employer reserves the right to pay the equivalent at the time of payment in
the currencies of the countries of such goods and services. The Employer
and the Project Manager shall be notified promptly by the Contractor of an
changes in the expected foreign currency requirements of the Contractor
during the execution of the Works as indicated in the Schedule of Foreign
Currency Requirements and the foreign and local currency portions of the
balance of the Contract Price shall then be amended by agreement between
Employer and the Contractor in order to reflect appropriately such changes.

23.7 In the event that an advance payment is granted, the following shall apply:-

a) On signature of the Contract, the Contractor shall at his request, and

without furnishing proof of expenditure, be entitled to an advance of
10% (ten percent) of the original amount of the Contract. The
advance shall not be subject to retention money.
b) No advance payment may be made before the Contractor has
submitted proof of the establishment of deposit or a directly
liable guarantee satisfactory to the Employer in the amount of the
advance payment. The guarantee shall be in the same currency as
the advance.

c) Reimbursement of the lump sum advance shall be made by

deductions from the Interim payments and where applicable from the
balance owing to the Contractor. Reimbursement shall begin when
the amount of the sums due under the Contract reaches 20% of the
original amount of the Contract. It shall have been completed by the
time 80% of this amount is reached.

The amount to be repaid by way of successive deductions shall be calculated by

means of the formula:

R = A(x1 – x11)
80 – 20
Where:

R = the amount to be reimbursed

A = the amount of the advance which has been granted

Page 26 of 193
 X1 = the amount of proposed cumulative payments as a
percentage of the original amount of the Contract. This
figure will exceed 20% but not exceed 80%.

X11 = the amount of the previous cumulative payments as a

percentage of the original amount of the Contract. This
figure will be below 80%but not less than 20%.

d) with each reimbursement the counterpart of the directly liable

guarantee may be reduced accordingly.

24. Compensation Events

24.1 The following issues shall constitute Compensation Events:

(a) The Employer does not give access to a part of the Site by the Site
Possession Date stated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract.

(b) The Employer modifies the List of Other Contractors, etc., in a way
that affects the Work of the Contractor under the Contract.

(c) The Project Manager orders a delay or does not issue drawings,
specifications or instructions required for execution of the Works on
time.

(d) The Project Manager instructs the Contractor to uncover or to carry

out additional tests upon the Work, which is then found to have no
defects.

(e) The Project Manager unreasonably does not approve a subcontract

to be let.

(f) Ground conditions are substantially more adverse than could

reasonably have been assumed before issuance of the Letter of
Acceptance from the information issued to tenderers (including the
Site investigation reports), from information available publicly and
from a visual inspection of the Site.

30
(g) The Project Manager gives an instruction for dealing with an
unforeseen condition, caused by the Employer or additional work
required for safety or other reasons.

(h) Other contractors, public authorities, utilities, or the Employer does

not work within the dates and other constraints stated in the Contract,
and they cause delay or extra cost to the Contractor.

(i) The effects on the Contractor of any of the Employer’s risks.

(j) The Project Manager unreasonably delays issuing a Certificate of

Completion.

Page 27 of 193
 (k) Other compensation events described in the Contract or determined
by the Project Manager shall apply.

24.2 If a compensation event would cause additional cost or would prevent the
Work being completed before the Intended Completion Date, the Contract
Price shall be increased and/or the Intended Completion Date shall be
extended. The Project Manager shall decide whether and by how much the
Contract Price shall be increased and whether and by how much the
Intended Completion Date shall be extended.

24.3 As soon as information demonstrating the effect of each compensation

event upon the Contractor’s forecast cost has been provided by the
Contractor, it shall be assessed by the Project Manager, and the Contract
Price shall be adjusted accordingly. If the Contractor’s forecast is deemed
unreasonable, the Project Manager shall adjust the Contract Price based on
the Project Manager’s own forecast. The
Project Manager will assume that the Contractor will react competently and
promptly to the event.

24.4 The Contractor shall not be entitled to compensation to the extent that the
Employer’s interests are adversely affected by the Contractor not having
given early warning or not having co-operated with the Project Manager.

24.5 Prices shall be adjusted for fluctuations in the cost of inputs only if provided
for in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract.

24.6 The Contractor shall give written notice to the Project Manager of his
intention to make a claim within thirty days after the event giving rise to the
claim has first arisen. The claim shall be submitted within thirty days
thereafter.

Provided always that should the event giving rise to the claim of continuing
effect, the Contractor shall submit an interim claim within the said thirty days
and a final claim within thirty days of the end of the event giving rise to the
claim.

25. Price Adjustment

25.1 The Project Manager shall adjust the Contract Price if taxes, duties and
other levies are changed between the date 30 days before the submission of
tenders for the Contract and the date of Completion. The adjustment shall
be the change in the amount of tax payable by the Contractor.

25.2 The Contract Price shall be deemed to be based on exchange rates current
at the date of tender submission in calculating the cost to the Contractor of
materials to be specifically imported (by express provisions in the Contract
Bills of Quantities or Specifications) for permanent incorporation in the
Works. Unless otherwise stated in the Contract, if at any time during the
period of the Contract exchange rates shall be varied and this shall affect the
cost to the Contractor of such materials, then the Project Manager shall
assess the net difference in the cost of such materials. Any amount from
time to time so assessed shall be added to or deducted from the Contract
Price, as the case may be.

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25.3 Unless otherwise stated in the Contract, the Contract Price shall be deemed
to have been calculated in the manner set out below and in sub-clauses 25.4
and 25.5 and shall be subject to adjustment in the events specified
thereunder;

(i) The prices contained in the Contract Bills of Quantities shall be

deemed to be based upon the rates of wages and other
emoluments and expenses as determined by the Joint Building
Council of Kenya (J.B.C.) and set out in the schedule of basic rates
issued 30 days before the date for submission of tenders.A copy of
the schedule used by the Contractor in his pricing shall be attached in
the Appendix to Conditions of Contract.

(ii) Upon J.B.C. determining that any of the said rates of wages or other
emoluments and expenses are increased or decreased, then the
Contract Price shall be increased or decreased by the amount
assessed by the Project Manager based upon the difference,
expressed as a percentage, between the rate set out
in the schedule of basic rates issued 30 days before the date for
submission of tenders and the rate published by the J.B.C. and
applied to the quantum of labour incorporated within the amount of
Work remaining to be executed at the date of publication of such
increase or decrease.

(iii) No adjustment shall be made in respect of changes in the rates of

wages and other emoluments and expenses which occur after the
date of Completion except during such other period as may be
granted as an extension of time under clause 17.0 of these
Conditions.

25.4 The prices contained in the Contract Bills of Quantities shall be deemed to
be based upon the basic prices of materials to be permanently incorporated
in the Works as determined by the J.B.C. and set out in the schedule of
basic rates issued 30 days before the date for submission of tenders. A copy
of the schedule used by the Contractor in his pricing shall be attached in the
Appendix to Conditions of Contract.

25.5 Upon the J.B.C. determining that any of the said basic prices are increased
or decreased then the Contract Price shall be increased or decreased by the
amount to be assessed by the Project Manager based upon the difference
between the price set out in the schedule of basic rates issued 30 days
before the date for submission of tenders and the rate published by the
J.B.C. and applied to the quantum of the relevant materials which have not
been taken into account in arriving at the amount of any interim certificate
under clause 23 of these Conditions issued before the date of publication of
such increase or decrease.

25.6 No adjustment shall be made in respect of changes in basic prices of

materials which occur after the date for Completion except during such other
period as may be granted as an extension of time under clause 17.0 of these
Conditions.

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 25.7 The provisions of sub-clause 25.1 to 25.2 herein shall not apply in respect of
any materials included in the schedule of basic rates.

26. Retention

26.1 The Employer shall retain from each payment due to the Contractor the
proportion stated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract until Completion
of the whole of the Works. On Completion of the whole of the Works, half
the total amount retained shall be repaid to the Contractor and the remaining
half when the Defects Liability Period has passed and the Project Manager
has certified that all defects notified to the Contractor before the end of this
period have been corrected.

27. Liquidated Damages

27.1 The Contractor shall pay liquidated damages to the Employer at the rate
stated in the Appendix to Conditions of Contract for each day that the actual
Completion Date is later than the Intended Completion Date. The Employer
may deduct liquidated damages from payments due to the Contractor.
Payment of liquidated damages shall not alter the Contractor’s liabilities.

27.2 If the Intended Completion Date is extended after liquidated damages have
been paid, the Project Manager shall correct any overpayment of liquidated
damages by the Contractor by adjusting the next payment certificate. The
Contractor shall be paid interest on the overpayment, calculated from the
date of payment to the date of repayment, at the rate specified in Clause
23.30

28. Securities

28.1 The Performance Security shall be provided to the Employer no later than
the date specified in the Letter of Acceptance and shall be issued in an
amount and form and by a reputable bank acceptable to the Employer, and
denominated in Kenya Shillings. The Performance Security shall be valid
until a date 30 days beyond the date of issue of the Certificate of
Completion.

29. Dayworks

29.1 If applicable, the Dayworks rates in the Contractor’s tender shall be used for
small additional amounts of Work only when the Project Manager has given
written instructions in advance for additional work to be paid for in that way.

29.2 All work to be paid for as Dayworks shall be recorded by the Contractor on
Forms approved by the Project Manager. Each
completed form shall be verified and signed by the Project Manager within
two days of the Work being done.

29.3 The Contractor shall be paid for Dayworks subject to obtaining signed
Dayworks forms.

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30. Liability and Insurance

30.1 From the Start Date until the Defects Correction Certificate has been issued,
the following are the Employer’s risks:

(a) The risk of personal injury, death or loss of or damage to property

(excluding the Works, Plant, Materials and Equipment), which are due
to;

(i) use or occupation of the Site by the Works or for the purpose
of the Works, which is the unavoidable result of the Works, or

(ii) negligence, breach of statutory duty or interference with any

legal right by the Employer or by any person employed by or
contracted to him except the Contractor.

(b) The risk of damage to the Works, Plant, Materials, and Equipment to
the extent that it is due to a fault of the Employer or in Employer’s
design, or due to war or radioactive contamination directly affecting
the place where the Works are being executed.

30.2 From the Completion Date until the Defects Correction Certificate has been
issued, the risk of loss of or damage to the Works, Plant, and Materials is the
Employer’s risk except loss or damage due to;

(a) a defect which existed on or before the Completion Date.

(b) an event occurring before the Completion Date, which was not itself
the Employer’s risk

(c) the activities of the Contractor on the Site after the Completion Date.

30.3 From the Start Date until the Defects Correction Certificate has been issued,
the risks of personal injury, death and loss of or damage to property
(including, without limitation, the Works, Plant, Materials, and Equipment)
which are not Employer’s risk are Contractor’s risks.

The Contractor shall provide, in the joint names of the Employer and the
Contractor, insurance cover from the Start Date to the end of the Defects
Liability Period, in the amounts stated in the Appendix to Conditions of
Contract for the following events;
(a) loss of or damage to the Works, Plant, and Materials;
(b) loss of or damage to Equipment;
(c) loss of or damage to property (except the Works, Plant, Materials,
and Equipment) in connection with the Contract, and
(d) personal injury or death.

30.4 Policies and certificates for insurance shall be delivered by the Contractor to
the Project Manager for the Project Manager’s approval before the Start
Date. All such insurance shall provide for compensation required to rectify
the loss or damage incurred.

30.5 If the Contractor does not provide any of the policies and certificates
required, the Employer may effect the insurance which the Contractor
Page 31 of 193
 should have provided and recover the premiums from payments otherwise
due to the Contractor or, if no payment is due, the payment of the premiums
shall be a debt due.

30.6 Alterations to the terms of an insurance shall not be made without the
approval of the Project Manager. Both parties shall comply with any
conditions of insurance policies.

31. Completion and taking over

31.1 Upon deciding that the Works are complete, the Contractor shall issue a
written request to the Project Manager to issue a Certificate of Completion
of the Works. The Employer shall take over the Site and the Works within
seven [7] days of the Project Manager’s issuing a Certificate of Completion.

32. Final Account

32.1 The Contractor shall issue the Project Manager with a detailed account of
the total amount that the Contractor considers payable to him by the
Employer under the Contract before the end of the Defects Liability Period.
The Project Manager shall issue a Defects Liability Certificate and certify
any final payment that is due to the Contractor within 30 days of receiving
the Contractor’s account if it is correct and complete. If it is not, the Project
Manager shall issue within 30 days a schedule that states the scope of the
corrections or additions that are necessary. If the final account is still
unsatisfactory after it has been resubmitted, the Project Manager shall
decide on the amount payable to the Contractor and issue a Payment
Certificate. The Employer shall pay the Contractor the amount due in the
Final Certificate within 60 days.

33. Termination

33.1 The Employer or the Contractor may terminate the Contract if the other party
causes a fundamental breach of the Contract. These

fundamental breaches of Contract shall include, but shall not be limited to,
the following;

(a) the Contractor stops work for 30 days when no stoppage of work is
shown on the current program and the stoppage has not been
authorised by the Project Manager;

(b) the Project Manager instructs the Contractor to delay the progress of
the Works, and the instruction is not withdrawn within 30 days;

(c) the Contractor is declared bankrupt or goes into liquidation other than
for a reconstruction or amalgamation;

(d) a payment certified by the Project Manager is not paid by the

Employer to the Contractor within 30 days (for Interim Certificate) or
60 days (for Final Certificate)of issue.

(e) the Project Manager gives notice that failure to correct a particular
defect is a fundamental breach of Contract and the Contractor fails to
Page 32 of 193
 correct it within a reasonable period of time determined by the Project
Manager;

(f) the Contractor does not maintain a security, which is required.

33.2 When either party to the Contract gives notice of a breach of Contract to the
Project Manager for a cause other than those listed under Clause 33.1
above, the Project Manager shall decide whether the breach is fundamental
or not.

33.3 Notwithstanding the above, the Employer may terminate the Contract for
convenience.

33.4 If the Contract is terminated, the Contractor shall stop work immediately,
make the Site safe and secure, and leave the Site as soon as reasonably
possible. The Project Manager shall immediately thereafter arrange for a
meeting for the purpose of taking record of the Works executed and
materials , goods, equipment and temporary buildings on Site.

34. Payment Upon Termination

34.1 If the Contract is terminated because of a fundamental breach of Contract by

the Contractor, the Project Manager shall issue a certificate for the value of
the Work done and materials ordered and delivered to Site up to the date of
the issue of the certificate. Additional liquidated damages shall not apply. If
the total amount due to the Employer exceeds any payment due to the
Contractor, the difference shall be a debt payable by the Contractor.

34.2 If the Contract is terminated for the Employer’s convenience or because of a

fundamental breach of Contract by the Employer, the Project Manager shall
issue a certificate for the value of the Work done, materials ordered, the
reasonable cost of removal of equipment, repatriation of the Contractor’s
personnel employed solely on the
Works, and the Contractor’s costs of protecting and securing the Works.

34.3 The Employer may employ and pay other persons to carry out and complete
the Works and to rectify any defects and may enter upon the Works and use
all materials on the Site, plant, equipment and temporary works.

34.4 The Contractor shall, during the execution or after the completion of the
Works under this clause remove from the Site as and when required, within
such reasonable time as the Project Manager may in writing specify, any
temporary buildings, plant, machinery, appliances, goods or materials
belonging to or hired by him, and in default the Employer may (without being
responsible for any loss or damage) remove and sell any such property of
the Contractor, holding the proceeds less all costs incurred to the credit of
the Contractor.
Until after completion of the Works under this clause the Employer shall not
be bound by any other provision of this Contract to make any payment to the
Contractor, but upon such completion as aforesaid and the verification within
a reasonable time of the accounts therefore the Project Manager shall certify
the amount of expenses properly incurred by the Employer and, if such
amount added to the money paid to the Contractor before such
determination exceeds the total amount which would have been payable on
Page 33 of 193
 due completion in accordance with this Contract the difference shall be a
debt payable to the Employer by the Contractor; and if the said amount
added to the said money be less than the said total amount, the difference
shall be a debt payable by the Employer to the Contractor.

35. Release from Performance

35.1 If the Contract is frustrated by the outbreak of war or by any other event
entirely outside the control of either the Employer or the Contractor, the
Project Manager shall certify that the Contract has been frustrated. The
Contractor shall make the Site safe and stop Work as quickly as possible
after receiving this certificate and shall be paid for all Work carried out
before receiving it.

36. Corrupt gifts and payments of commission

The Contractor shall not;

(a) Offer or give or agree to give to any person in the service of the

Employer any gift or consideration of any kind as an inducement or reward

for doing or forbearing to do or for having done or forborne to do any act in
relation to the obtaining or execution of this or any other Contract for the
Employer or for showing or forbearing to show favour
or disfavour to any person in relation to this or any other contract for the
Employer.

(b) Enter into this or any other contract with the Employer in connection with
which commission has been paid or agreed to be paid by him or on his
behalf or to his knowledge, unless before the Contract is made particulars of
any such commission and of the terms and conditions of any agreement for
the payment thereof have been disclosed in writing to the Employer.

Any breach of this Condition by the Contractor or by anyone employed by

him or acting on his behalf (whether with or without the knowledge of the
Contractor) shall be an offence under the provisions of the Public
Procurement Regulations issued under The Exchequer and Audit Act Cap
412 of the Laws of Kenya.

37. Settlement Of Disputes

37.1 In case any dispute or difference shall arise between the Employer or the
Project Manager on his behalf and the Contractor, either during the progress
or after the completion or termination of the Works, such dispute shall be
notified in writing by either party to the other with a request to submit it to
arbitration and to concur in the appointment of an Arbitrator within thirty days
of the notice. The dispute shall be referred to the arbitration and final
decision of a person to be agreed between the parties. Failing agreement to
concur in the appointment of an Arbitrator, the Arbitrator shall be appointed
by the Chairman or Vice Chairman of any of the following professional
institutions;

(i) Architectural Association of Kenya

Page 34 of 193
 (ii) Institute of Quantity Surveyors of Kenya

(iii) Association of Consulting Engineers of Kenya

(iv) Chartered Institute of Arbitrators (Kenya Branch)

(v) Institution of Engineers of Kenya

On the request of the applying party. The institution written to first by the
aggrieved party shall take precedence over all other institutions.

37.2 The arbitration may be on the construction of this Contract or on any matter
or thing of whatsoever nature arising thereunder or in connection therewith,
including any matter or thing left by this Contract to the discretion of the
Project Manager, or the withholding by the Project Manager of any certificate
to which the Contractor may claim to be entitled to or the measurement and
valuation referred to in clause 23.0 of these conditions, or the rights and
liabilities of the parties subsequent to the termination of Contract.

37.3 Provided that no arbitration proceedings shall be commenced on any

dispute or difference where notice of a dispute or difference has not been
given by the applying party within ninety days of the occurrence or discovery
of the matter or issue giving rise to the dispute.

37.4 Notwithstanding the issue of a notice as stated above, the arbitration of such
a dispute or difference shall not commence unless an attempt has in the first
instance been made by the parties to settle such dispute or difference
amicably with or without the assistance of third parties. Proof of such
attempt shall be required.

37.5 Notwithstanding anything stated herein the following matters may be

referred to arbitration before the practical completion of the Works or
abandonment of the Works or termination of the Contract by either party:

37.5.1 The appointment of a replacement Project Manager upon the said

person ceasing to act.

37.5.2 Whether or not the issue of an instruction by the Project Manager is

empowered by these Conditions.

37.5.3 Whether or not a certificate has been improperly withheld or is not in

accordance with these Conditions.

37.5.4 Any dispute or difference arising in respect of war risks or war

damage.

37.6 All other matters shall only be referred to arbitration after the completion or
alleged completion of the Works or termination or alleged termination of the
Contract, unless the Employer and the Contractor agree otherwise in writing.

37.7 The Arbitrator shall, without prejudice to the generality of his powers, have
powers to direct such measurements, computations, tests or valuations as
may in his opinion be desirable in order to determine the rights of the parties
Page 35 of 193
 and assess and award any sums which ought to have been the subject of or
included in any certificate.

37.8 The Arbitrator shall, without prejudice to the generality of his powers, have
powers to open up, review and revise any certificate, opinion, decision,
requirement or notice and to determine all matters in dispute which shall be
submitted to him in the same manner as if no such certificate, opinion,
decision requirement or notice had been given.

37.9 The award of such Arbitrator shall be final and binding upon the parties.

Page 36 of 193
 SECTION IV – APPENDIX TO CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

THE EMPLOYER IS

Name: KENYA INSTITUTE OF SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT

Address P O BOX 30400-00100 NAIROBI

Name of Authorized Representative: HEAD OF KISM

Telephone: ------------------------------
Facsimile: ------------------------------------

The Project Manager is : WORKS SECRETARY, MINISTRY OF LAND, HOUSING AND

URBAN DEVELOPMENT (STATE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS)

Name:

Address: P.O BOX 30743 – 00100 NAIROBI.

Telephone
Facsimile

The name (and identification number) of the Contract is

PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS NGONG ROAD FOR KENYA INSTITUTE OF

SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT (WP D107/NB/NB/1502 JOB NO. 10079A)

The Works consist of construction upto completion of an office block with the associated
services and external works

The Start Date shall be (as agreed with the Project Manager)

The Intended Completion period for the whole of the Works shall be 104 weeks

The Contractor shall submit a revised program for the Works within Fourteen (14) days of
delivery of the Letter of Acceptance.

The Site Possession Date shall be (as agreed with the Project Manager)

The Site is located at the junction of Ngong lane and Ngong road and is defined in
drawings (as listed in the Conditions of Contract)

The Defects Liability period is One Hundred and Eighty (180) days.

The main contractor shall engage reputable and approved domestic subcontractors for the
execution of the following works but not limited to :-
1. Electrical Installation

Page 37 of 193
 2. Structured Cabling

3. Standby Generator

4. Lifts Installations

5. Plumbing & Drainage and Firefighting Installations

6. Mechanical Ventilation and Air Conditioning

7. Borehole Drilling & Equipment

The minimum insurance covers shall be;

1. The minimum cover for insurance of the Works and of Plant and Materials is equivalent
to the full contract value plus cost and expense of removing debris

2. The minimum cover for loss or damage to the contractors plant and equipment is
equivalent to the value of such plant and equipment

3. The minimum for insurance of other property is Kshs. Fifty (50) million

4. The minimum cover for personal injury or death insurance

• For the Contractor’s employees is Kshs. Ten (10) million

• And for other people is Kshs. Ten (10) million

The following events shall also be Compensation Events:

1. As per clause 24.1

2.
__________________________________________________________________
_

3.
_________________________________________________________________

4.
__________________________________________________________________
_

The period between Program updates is Thirty (30) days.

The amount to be withheld for late submission of an updated Program is Ten (10) percent
of the gross amount of the current valuation

The proportion of payments retained is ten (10) percent up to a limit of five (5) percent of
the contract value

The Price Adjustment Clause shall apply

Page 38 of 193
The liquidated damage for the whole of the Works is Kshs. Five Hundred Thousand (Kshs.
500,000.00) per week

The Performance Security shall be for the following minimum amounts equivalent as a
percentage of the Contract Price- Ten percent (10 %)

The Tender Security as per tender advertisement

The Completion Period for the Works is 104 weeks

The rate of exchange for calculation of foreign currency payments is not applicable

The schedule of basic rates used in pricing by the Contractor shall be taken to be the Joint
Building Council Price list in force 30 days prior to date of submission of this tender

Advance Payment shall not be granted, except with the express written authority from the
Permanent Secretary, Treasury.

Only one original and one copy of the Tender document shall be required

Clause 1.7(a) shall be amended to read annual volume of construction work of at least two
(2) times the estimated annual cash flow for the Contract.

Clause 3.7 shall be amended to read the tenderer shall furnish, as part of the tender, a
Tender Security in the amount and form specified in the appendix to invitation to
tenderers. The Tender security shall be Two Million Shillings Only (Kshs 2,000,000.00)

Page 39 of 193
 SECTION V - TENDER EVALUATION CRITERIA

1) Preliminary evaluation (Mandatory requirements)

To be deemed as responsive, tenders shall be checked for the following mandatory

requirements

Item Description Remarks (X/√)

1. Form of tender dully filled

Prescribed tender security (bid bond) as detailed in

2. the Invitation to Tender and appendix to conditions
of contract.

3. Company registration or Incorporation certificate

(Copy)

4. Current NCA registration certificate in NCA 1.

(Provide copy of registration and renewal
certificate)

5. PIN registration certificate (Copy)

6. Valid tax compliance certificate (Copy)

7. Signed and stamped site visit form (Copy)

CONCLUSIVE REMARK

Tenders that do not meet any of the above requirements shall be considered not responsive,
disqualified and not considered for further evaluation.

Page 40 of 193
B) Technical Evaluation

Tenders meeting the minimum responsiveness requirements will be evaluated according

to the following Evaluation Criteria.

Item Description Yes/No

1. Similar works completed in the last five(5) years

(Attach completion certificates or proof)

2 projects of at least Kshs 500 million and above

successfully completed of a similar nature and
complexity

2. (Attach log books for vehicles or purchase receipts for

equipment or lease agreements)

Fabrication yard

A list of office equipment (e.g. Computers,

Photocopiers/printer)

Site equipment (Excavators, Mixers, Tower crane,

Steel props, Steel scaffolding)

Transport equipment (Tippers, Bowsers, pick ups)

3. Qualifications and experience of three (3) key

personnel
(Attach CVs and certificates)

a) Project manager who is a holder of a degree in

relevant construction discipline with a minimum
of 2 years’ relevant work experience
b) Site agent who is a holder of a degree/diploma
in relevant construction discipline
c) Site foremen who is a holder of a diploma in
relevant construction discipline

4. Audited financial reports for the last 3 years

3 years with average annual turnover of Kshs 200m

and above

Page 41 of 193
5. Evidence of financial resources

a) Current 6-month Bank statements

b) Evidence of access to financial resources

6. Bankers contact details and reference letters

Provided and satisfactory

7. Affidavit on litigation and arbitration history

Provided and satisfactory

Only bidders who meet all the above technical requirements, shall be considered for
financial evaluation.

Page 42 of 193
C) Financial evaluation

Bidders who have met technical requirements above shall be considered for financial
evaluation

The tenderer submitting the lowest financial bid will be declared the winning bid subject to
the employer’s right to exercise due diligence relating to confirmation of information
submitted by the bidder and the negotiation of the price before award.

Page 43 of 193
SECTION VI- DRAWINGS
DRAWING LIST

Architectural drawings

Ground floor plan

Typical floor plan (1)
Basement plan
Roof plan
Sections
Elevations
3D Image

Civil structural drawings

Typical floor slab
Basement 1 floor layout
Beams details
Column details
Foundation layout

Page 44 of 193
SECTION VII STANDARD FORM

(i) Form of Invitation for Tenders

(ii) Form of Tender

(iii) Letter of Acceptance

(iv) Form of Agreement

(v) Form of Tender Security

(vi) Performance Bank Guarantee

(vii) Bank Guarantee for Advance Payment

(viii) Qualification Information

(ix) Tender Questionnaire

(x) Confidential Business Questionnaire

(xi) Statement of Foreign Currency Requirement

(xii) Details of Sub-Contractors

Page 45 of 193
 FORM OF INVITATION FOR TENDERS

_______________________[date]

To: _________________________________________ [name of Contractor]

_________________________________________[address]
_________________________________________
_________________________________________

Dear Sirs:

Ref : PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS FOR KENYA INSTITUTE OF

SUPPLIES MANAGEMENT

(WP D107/NB/NB/1502 JOB NO. 10079A)

You have been prequalified to tender for the above project.

We hereby invite you and other prequalified tenderers to submit a tender for the execution
and completion of the above Contract.

A complete set of tender documents may be purchased by you from -----------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------

Upon payment of a non-refundable fee of Kshs 1,000.00

All tenders must be accompanied by an original and one copy of the same and a security
in the form and amount specified in the tendering documents, and must be delivered to

Tender Box at ---------------------------------------------------- or to be addressed to ------------------

---------------------------------------------------------

at or before (as indicated in the tender advertisement). Tenders will be opened

immediately thereafter, in the presence of tenderers’ representatives who choose to
attend.

Yours faithfully,

------------------------------------------------------

For Kenya Institute Of Supplies Management

Page 46 of 193
FORM OF TENDER

TO: Kenya Institute Of Supplies Management [Name of Employer) ____________[Date]

PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS, NGONG ROAD (WP D107/NB/NB/1502

JOB NO. 10079A)
Dear Sir,
1. In accordance with the Conditions of Contract, Specifications, Drawings and Bills of
Quantities for the execution of the above named Works, we, the undersigned offer
to construct, install and complete such Works and remedy any defects therein for
the sum of Kshs Amount in figures]
Kenya shillings

[Amount in words]

2. We undertake, if our tender is accepted, to commence the Works as soon as is

reasonably possible after the receipt of the Project Manager’s notice to commence,
and to complete the whole of the Works comprised in the Contract within -------------
-( figures) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(in words) weeks from the date of possession of the site or within such extended
time as provided in the contract conditions

3. We agree to abide by this tender for a period of 120 days after the tender opening
and it shall remain binding upon us and may be accepted at any time before that
date.

4. Unless and until a formal Agreement is prepared and executed this tender together
with your written acceptance thereof, shall constitute a binding Contract between us.

5. We understand that you are not bound to accept the lowest or any tender you may
receive.

Dated this day of 20

Signature in the capacity of

duly authorized to sign tenders for and on behalf of

[Name of Contractor]

of [Address of Contractor]

Witness; Name______________________________________
Address_____________________________________
Signature___________________________________
Date_______________________________________

Page 47 of 193
 LETTER OF ACCEPTANCE

[Letterhead paper of the Employer]

_______________________[date]

To: _______________________ [name of the Contractor]

_____________________ [address of the Contractor]

Dear Sir,

This is to notify you that your Tender dated ___________________________

for the execution of PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS

(WP D107/NB/NB/1502 JOB NO. 10079A)

for the Contract Price of Kshs. __________________________ [amount in figures][Kenya

Shillings______________________________(amount in words) ] in accordance with the
Instructions to Tenderers is hereby accepted.

You are hereby instructed to proceed with the execution of the said Works in accordance
with the Contract documents.

Authorized Signature …………………………………………………………………

Name and Title of Signatory …………………………………………………………

Attachment : Agreement

Page 48 of 193
 FORM OF AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT, made the _________________ day of ________ 20 ______

between Kenya Institute Of Supplies Management of P O BOX ………………. -00100 Nairobi of
(or whose registered office is situated at Nairobi (Hereinafter called “the Employer”) of the
one part AND
________________________________________________________of[or whose
registered office is situated at]_________________________________________
(hereinafter called “the Contractor”) of the other part.
WHEREAS THE Employer is desirous that the Contractor executes
PROPOSED KISM HEADQUARTERS (hereinafter called “the Works”) located at THE
JUNCTION OF NGONG ROAD AND NGONG LANE [location of the Works] and the
Employer has accepted the tender submitted by the Contractor for the execution and
completion of such Works and the remedying of any defects therein for the Contract Price
of

Kshs [Amount in

figures],

Kenya Shillings

[Amount in words].

NOW THIS AGREEMENT WITNESSETH as follows:

1. In this Agreement, words and expressions shall have the same meanings as are
respectively assigned to them in the Conditions of Contract hereinafter referred to.

2. The following documents shall be deemed to form and shall be read and construed
as part of this Agreement i.e.

(i) Letter of Acceptance

(ii) Form of Tender

(iii) Conditions of Contract Part I

(iv) Conditions of Contract Part II and Appendix to Conditions of Contract

Page 49 of 193
 (v) Specifications

(vi) Drawings

(vii) Priced Bills of Quantities

3. In consideration of the payments to be made by the Employer to the Contractor as

hereinafter mentioned, the Contractor hereby covenants with the Employer to
execute and complete the Works and remedy any defects therein in conformity in
all respects with the provisions of the Contract.

4 The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the

execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein, the
Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of
the Contract at the times and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.

IN WITNESS whereof the parties thereto have caused this Agreement to be executed the
day and year first before written.

Signed ,sealed by
a) For and on behalf of the Employer

Name

Title

Binding Signature of Employer

In the presence of (i) Name

Address
Signature Date

b) For and on behalf of the Contractor

Name of the contractor

Name of the authorized representative

Title

Binding Signature of Employer

In the presence of (i) Name

Address

Signature Date

Page 50 of 193
 FORM OF TENDER SECURITY

WHEREAS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
(hereinafter called “the Tenderer”) has submitted his tender dated ………………………… for the
construction of ………………………………………………………………………
…………………… (Name of Contract)

KNOW ALL PEOPLE by these presents that WE ……………………… having our registered office
at ………………(hereinafter called “the Bank”), are bound unto ……………………………(hereinafter called
“the Employer”) in the sum of Kshs.……………………… for which payment well and truly to be
made to the said Employer, the Bank binds itself, its successors and assigns by these
presents sealed with the Common Seal of the said Bank this ……………. Day of ………20…………

THE CONDITIONS of this obligation are:

1. If after tender opening the tenderer withdraws his tender during the period of tender
validity specified in the instructions to tenderers
Or

2. If the tenderer, having been notified of the acceptance of his tender by the
Employer during the period of tender validity:

(a) fails or refuses to execute the form of Agreement in accordance with the
Instructions to Tenderers, if required; or
(b) fails or refuses to furnish the Performance Security, in accordance with the
Instructions to Tenderers;

We undertake to pay to the Employer up to the above amount upon receipt of his
first written demand, without the Employer having to substantiate his demand,
provided that in his demand the Employer will note that the amount claimed by him
is due to him, owing to the occurrence of one or both of the two conditions,
specifying the occurred condition or conditions.

This guarantee will remain in force up to and including thirty (30) days after the
period of tender validity, and any demand in respect thereof should reach the Bank
not later than the said date.
___________________________ ______________________________
[Date [ [signature of the Bank]

___________________________ ______________________________
[Witness] [Seal]

Page 51 of 193
 PERFORMANCE BANK GUARANTEE
To: _________________________(Name of Employer) ___________(Date)
__________________________(Address of Employer)

Dear Sir,

WHEREAS ______________________(hereinafter called “the Contractor”) has

undertaken, in pursuance of Contract No. _____________ dated _________ to execute
_______________ (hereinafter called “the Works”);

AND WHEREAS it has been stipulated by you in the said Contract that the Contractor
shall furnish you with a Bank Guarantee by a recognised bank for the sum specified
therein as security for compliance with his obligations in accordance with the Contract;

AND WHEREAS we have agreed to give the Contractor such a Bank Guarantee:

NOW THEREFORE we hereby affirm that we are the Guarantor and responsible to you,
on behalf of the Contractor, up to a total of Kshs. ________________ (amount of
Guarantee in figures) Kenya Shillings__________________________________________
(amount of Guarantee in words), and we undertake to pay you, upon your first written
demand and without cavil or argument, any sum or sums within the limits of Kenya
Shillings _________________________ (amount of Guarantee in words) as aforesaid
without your needing to prove or to show grounds or reasons for your demand for the sum
specified therein.

We hereby waive the necessity of your demanding the said debt from the Contractor
before presenting us with the demand.

We further agree that no change, addition or other modification of the terms of the
Contract or of the Works to be performed thereunder or of any of the Contract documents
which may be made between you and the Contractor shall in any way release us from any
liability under this Guarantee, and we hereby waive notice of any change, addition, or
modification.

This guarantee shall be valid until the date of issue of the Certificate of Completion.

SIGNATURE AND SEAL OF THE GUARANTOR ___________________

Name of Bank ____________________________________________

Address ________________________________________________

Date ______________________________________________________

Page 52 of 193
 BANK GUARANTEE FOR ADVANCE PAYMENT

To: ________________________ [name of Employer] ___________(Date)

________________________[address of Employer]

Gentlemen,

Ref: _______________________________________________[name of Contract]

In accordance with the provisions of the Conditions of Contract of the above-mentioned

Contract, We,_______________________________________[name and Address of
Contractor] (hereinafter called “the Contractor”) shall deposit with
_______________________________[name of Employer] a bank guarantee to guarantee
his proper and faithful performance under the said Contract in an amount of
Kshs._____________[amount of Guarantee in figurers] Kenya
Shillings_____________________________________[amount of Guarantee in words].

We, ________________[bank or financial institution], as instructed by the Contractor,

agree unconditionally and irrevocably to guarantee as primary obligator and not as Surety
merely, the payment to ___________________________[name of Employer] on his first
demand without whatsoever right of objection on our part and without his first claim to the
Contractor, in the amount not exceeding Kshs________________________[amount of
Guarantee in figures] Kenya Shillings
_____________________________________________________________[amount of
Guarantee in words], such amount to be reduced periodically by the amounts recovered
by you from the proceeds of the Contract.

We further agree that no change or addition to or other modification of the terms of the
Contract or of the Works to be performed thereunder or of any of the Contract documents
which may be made between ________________________[name of Employer] and the
Contractor, shall in any way release us from any liability under this guarantee, and we
hereby waive notice of any such change, addition or modification.

No drawing may be made by you under this guarantee until we have received notice in
writing from you that an advance payment of the amount listed above has been paid to the
Contractor pursuant to the Contract.

This guarantee shall remain valid and in full effect from the date of the
advance payment under the Contract until
______________________________________________(name of Employer) receives full
payment of the same amount from the Contract.

Yours faithfully,

Signature and Seal __________________________________________________

Name of the Bank or financial institution ______________________________

Page 53 of 193
Address ______________________________________________________________

Date _________________________________________________________________

Witness: Name: ____________________________________________________

Address: __________________________________________________

Signature: ________________________________________________

Date: _____________________________________________________

Page 54 of 193
 QUALIFICATION INFORMATION
1. Individual Tenderers or Individual Members of Joint Ventures

1.1 Constitution or legal status of tenderer (attach copy or Incorporation

Certificate);
Place of registration: ____________________________

Principal place of business _____________________________

Power of attorney of signatory of tender ____________________

1.2 Total annual volume of construction work performed in the last five years
Year Volume

Currency Value

1.3 Work performed as Main Contractor on works of a similar nature and volume
over the last five years. Also list details of work under way or committed,
including expected completion date.

Project name Name of client Type of work Value of

and contact performed and Contract
person year of
completion
_________ ___________ __________ ________
_________ ___________ __________ ________
________ __________ __________ _______

1.4 Major items of Contractor’s Equipment proposed for carrying out the Works.
List all information requested below.

Item of Description, Condition(new, Owned, leased

Equipment Make and age good, poor) and (from whom?),
(years) number available or to be
purchased (from
whom?)
________ ___________ __________
________ ___________ __________
__ ___________ __________
________ ___ ___
_(etc.)

1.5 Qualifications and experience of key personnel proposed for administration

and execution of the Contract. Attach biographical data.
Page 55 of 193
 Position Name Years of Years of
experience experience in
(general) proposed position
Project Manager
__________________
__________________
_

(etc.)

1.6 Financial reports for the last five years: balance sheets, profit and loss
statements, auditor’s reports, etc. List below and attach copies.

_____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

1.7 Evidence of access to financial resources to meet the qualification

requirements: cash in hand, lines of credit, etc. List below and attach
copies of supportive documents.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________

1.8 Name, address and telephone, telex and facsimile numbers of banks that
may provide reference if contacted by the Employer.

_____________________________________________________________
_____
____________________________________________________________

1.9 Statement of compliance with the requirements of Clause 1.2 of the

Instructions to Tenderers.

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________

1.10 Proposed program (work method and schedule) for the whole of the Works.

2 Joint Ventures

2.4 The information listed in 1.1 – 1.10 above shall be provided for each partner
of the joint venture.

2.5 The information required in 1.11 above shall be provided for the joint
venture.

Page 56 of 193
2.6 Attach the power of attorney of the signatory(ies) of the tender authorizing
signature of the tender on behalf of the joint venture

2.7 Attach the Agreement among all partners of the joint venture ( and which is
legally binding on all partners), which shows that:

a) all partners shall be jointly and severally liable for the execution of the
Contract in accordance with the Contract terms;

b) one of the partners will be nominated as being in charge, authorized

to incur liabilities and receive instructions for and on behalf of any
and all partners of the joint venture; and

c) the execution of the entire Contract, including payment, shall be done

exclusively with the partner in charge.

Page 57 of 193
 TENDER QUESTIONNAIRE

Please fill in block letters.

1. Full names of tenderer

………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Full address of tenderer to which tender correspondence is to be sent (unless an

agent has been appointed below)

………………………………………………………………………………………

3. Telephone number (s) of tenderer

………………………………………………………………………………………

4. Telex address of tenderer

………………………………………………………………………………………

5. Name of tenderer’s representative to be contacted on matters of the tender during

the tender period

………………………………………………………………………………………

6. Details of tenderer’s nominated agent (if any) to receive tender notices. This is
essential if the tenderer does not have his registered address in Kenya (name,
address, telephone, telex)

………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………

_______________________
Signature of Tenderer

Make copy and deliver to:_____________________(Name of Employer)

Page 58 of 193
 CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS QUESTIONNAIRE

You are requested to give the particulars indicated in Part 1 and either Part 2 (a), 2 (b) or
2 (c) and 2 (d) whichever applies to your type of business.

You are advised that it is a serious offence to give false information on this Form.

Part 1 – General

Business Name …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Location of business
premises………………………………Country/Town………………………………………………………………

Plot No…………………………………………………… Street/Road

……………………………………………………………………………………………

Postal Address……………………………………………………………………… Tel No………………………………………………………………..

Nature of Business……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Current Trade Licence No……………………………… Expiring date………………………………………

Maximum value of business which you can handle at any time:

Ksh………………………………………………………..

Name of your bankers………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Branch………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Part 2 (a) – Sole Proprietor

Your name in full……………………………………………… Age…………………………………………………………

Nationality………………………………………………………………… Country of Origin………………………………………

*Citizenship details ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Part 2 (b) – Partnership

Give details of partners as follows:

Name in full Nationality Citizenship Details Shares

1……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Part 2(c) – Registered Company:

Private or public……………………………………………………………………………………………

Page 59 of 193
 State the nominal and issued capital of the Company-

Nominal Kshs………………………………………………………………………………………

Issued Kshs………………………………………………………v…………………………………

Give details of all directors as follows:

Name in full . Nationality. Citizenship Details*. Shares.

1.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4.
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Part 2(d) – Interest in the Firm:

Is there any person / persons in …………… ………(Name of Employer) who has interest in
this firm? Yes/No………………………(Delete as necessary)

I certify that the information given above is correct.

…………………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………………

(Title) (Signature) (Date)

• Attach proof of citizenship

Page 60 of 193
 STATEMENT OF FOREIGN CURRENCY REQUIREMENTS

(See Clause 23] of the Conditions of Contract)

In the event of our Tender for the execution of____________________

__________________________(name of Contract) being accepted, we would
require in accordance with Clause 21 of the Conditions of Contract, which is
attached hereto, the following percentage:

(Figures)……………… ………………………………………… (Words)…… …………………………………………………

…………
of the Contract Sum, (Less Fluctuations) to be paid in foreign currency.

Currency in which foreign exchange element is required:

………………………………………………………………………………………

Date: The ………… Day of …………….. 20…………….

Enter 0% (zero percent) if no payment will be made in foreign currency.

Maximum foreign currency requirement shall be _____________(percent) of the

Contract Sum, less Fluctuations.

_____________________
(Signature of Tenderer)

Page 61 of 193
 DETAILS OF SUB-CONTRACTORS

If the Tenderer wishes to sublet any portions of the Works under any heading, he
must give below details of the sub-contractors he intends to employ for each
portion.

Failure to comply with this requirement may invalidate the tender.

(1) Portion of Works to be sublet: ……………………………………………………

[i) Full name of Sub-contractor

and address of head office: ……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

(ii) Sub-contractor’s experience

of similar works carried out
in the last 3 years with
Contract value: ……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

(2) Portion of Works to sublet: ……………………………………………………………………

(i) Full name of sub-contractor

and address of head office: ……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

……………………………………………………

(ii) Sub-contractor’s experience

of similar works carried out
in the last 3 years with
contract value: ………………………………………………………

……………………………………v……………

____________________ _______________________
[Signature of Tenderer) Date

Page 62 of 193
 LETTER OF NOTIFICATION OF AWARD

Address of Procuring Entity

_____________________
_____________________
To:

RE: Tender No.

Tender Name

This is to notify that the contract/s stated below under the above mentioned tender have
been awarded to you.

1. Please acknowledge receipt of this letter of notification signifying your acceptance.

2. The contract/contracts shall be signed by the parties within 30 days of the date of
this letter but not earlier than 14 days from the date of the letter.

3. You may contact the officer(s) whose particulars appear below on the subject
matter of this letter of notification of award.

(FULL PARTICULARS)

SIGNED FOR ACCOUNTING OFFICER

Page 63 of 193
SPECIFICATIONS

Page 64 of 193
 SECTION No. VIII

SPECIFICATIONS
{These specifications shall be read in conjunction with
Ministry of Works General Specifications 1976 edition
together with any amendments issued thereto

If there is any discrepancy between the Specifications

and these Bills of Quantities and the General
Specifications, the Project manager shall give
direction}

Page 65 of 193
 SPECIFICATIONS

A. General Items spec / 64-65

B. Excavation and Earthwork spec / 66-69

C. Concrete Work spec / 70-94

D. Walling spec / 95 -102

E. Asphalt Work spec /103-105

F. Roofing spec / 106-113

G. Carpentry and Joinery spec / 114-123

H. Structural Steelwork spec / 124-131

I. Metalwork spec / 132-135

J. Floor, Wall and Ceiling Finishing spec / 136-143

K. Glazing spec / 144-147

L. Painting and Decorating spec / 148-156

M. Drainage spec / 157-161

N. Roadworks spec / 162-175

O. Landscaping spec / 176-187

P. Furniture spec / 188-790

Page 66 of 193
 GENERAL ITEMS

Materials Generally

A.1 All materials used on the works shall be new and of the qualities and kinds specified herein
and equal to approved samples. Deliveries shall be made sufficiently in advance to enable
samples to be taken and tested if required. No materials shall be used until approved and
all materials which are not approved or which are damaged, contaminated or have
deteriorated in any way or do not comply in any way with the requirements of this
specification shall be rejected and shall be immediately removed from the site at the
Contractor’s expense.

A.2 Material for which there is a Kenya Bureau of Standard specification

All materials used in the works for which a Kenya Bureau of Standards Specification has
been published shall conform with the latest edition thereof in every way. The Architect
reserves the right to demand that the Contractor shall obtain at his own expense a
certificate in respect of any materials to state that is in accordance with the Kenya Bureau
of Standard specification.

A.3 Materials for which there is no Kenya Bureau of Standards specification

All materials used in the works for which no Kenya Bureau of Standards specification has
been published shall conform with the British Standards Specification for such materials. If
there are no published standards as specified for any materials, the quality of such
materials shall be generally of a standard equal to those for which there is a Kenya Bureau
of Standards or British Standard specification.

A.4 Alternatives to proprietary brands

Where materials are specified by their proprietary names or where fittings are specified by
catalogue numbers or descriptions, the contractor may offer materials or fittings of
alternative manufacture which are of equal or superior quality. Such alternative must be
approved before being used in the works and the Contractor shall allow for this, but prior to
tendering he may submit to the Architect for approval the names of any suppliers or
manufacturers whose products he intends to use, together with catalogue numbers and
descriptions and/or samples but the decision of the Architect shall be final.

A.5 Samples

The Contractor shall furnish for approval with reasonable promptness all samples of
materials and workmanship required by the Architect. The Architect shall check and
approve such samples for conformance with the design concept of the works and for
compliance with the information given in the Contract Documents. The work shall be in
accordance with approved samples.

a) All material samples shall be delivered to the Architect’s office with all charges in
connection therewith paid by the Contractor.

b) Duplicate final approved samples, in addition to any required for the Contractor’s
use shall be furnished to the Architect, one for office use and one for the site.

c) Samples shall be furnished so as not to delay fabrication, allowing the Architect

reasonable time for consideration of the sample submitted.

d) Each sample shall be properly labelled with the name and quality of the material,
manufacturers name, name of the project, the Contractor’s name and the date of
submission and the specification number to which the sample refers.
Page 67 of 193
A.5 Measuring and Testing Equipment

The Contractor shall provide the following equipment for carrying out measuring and
control tests on the site and maintain in full working order:

a) Straight edges 2 metres and 4 metres long for testing the accuracy of the finished
concrete.

b) A glass graduated cylinder for use in the silt test or organic impurities in the sand.

c) Slumb test apparatus

d) 150mm steel tube moulds with base plates and tamping rod to B.S. 1881.

e) Two 30 metre steel tapes

f) One dumpy or quickest level and staff

g) Micrometer

Page 68 of 193
EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORK

D.1 Site Clearance

Site Clearance shall include the cutting down of all trees, stumps, bushes, vegetation and
rubbish, burning the debris arising in approved locations and carting remaining material to
a tip provided by the Contractor.

D.2 Grubbing

Grubbing up roots etc. shall include the following and disposal shall be as described under
the foregoing clause:

1) Stumps and roots of large trees shall be completely removed

2) Stumps and roots of small trees, bushes or other vegetation shall be completely
removed to a depth of at least 600mm below formation.

3) Smaller stumps and roots of vegetation up to 25mm thick shall be completely

removed to a depth of 230mm below formation.

4) Fine roots shall be removed to as great depth as is practicable by hand.

Except where the area of grubbing is to be excavated, all resulting holes shall be filled up
solid with approved material compacted to the same relative density as the surrounding.

D.3 Nature of the Soil

The Contractor is advised to visit the site and ascertain the nature of the ground to be
excavated and he shall price accordingly and no claim will be allowed for want of
knowledge in this respect.

Rates for excavation shall include for excavation in soil, earth, black cotton, sandy soil,
Murram, tuff, soft rock, boulders or whatever other subsoil is encountered except hard rock
as defined below.

D.4 Hard Rock.

Any rock or other hard materials encountered in excavating to the required depths which in
the opinion of the Architect or Engineer can only be removed by wedges, compressed air
or other special plant or explosives shall be paid for as an extra and the price shall include
for trimming and leveling. No plasting will be allowed without prior written permission from
the Engineer and relevant Government Authority. Material which can be removed by a
pick or traxcavator, ripper or similar mechanical plant will not be classed as rock.

D.5 Foundation Excavations

a) The foundation trenches and column bases shall be excavated to the widths and
depths of the concrete foundations shown on the drawings or to such widths and
depths as the Engineer may instruct after examination of the excavations.
Quantities of all excavations shall be measured and valued by the Quantity
Surveyor and any difference between such measurements and the measurements
herein given shall be dealt with as a variation to the Contract.

If however, the Contractor excavates to any greater depths than shown in the
drawings or as instructed by the Engineer, then he shall at his own expense fill in
such extra depth of excavation with concrete as specified for the foundations to the
satisfaction of the Engineer. The Contractor shall not be paid for the cost of any
Page 69 of 193
 excavation executed deeper or wider than shown on the drawings or instructed by
the Engineer nor the cost of back filling such excavation or disposing of surplus.

b) The Contractor shall report to the Engineer when secure bottoms have been
obtained to the excavations and are ready to receive the foundation concrete. Any
concrete or other work put in before the excavations have been inspected and
approved by the Engineer shall, if so directed be removed and new work
substituted in accordance with the specification after excavations have been
approve, all at the Contractor’s expense.

c) The bottom of all foundation trenches and column bases shall be trimmed square
and level. The Contractor shall form such steps on bottoms of foundation trenches
as the Engineer may consider necessary in such positions and to such depths as
he may direct.

D.6 Unauthorised Excavations

The Contractor is prohibited from making excavations other than those approved y the
Architect as necessary for the works.

D.7 Borrow Pits

No borrow pits will be allowed to be opened on the site.

D.8 Surplus Soil Disposal

Excavated material not required for subsequent refilling shall be removed to areas off sir
which shall be approved by the Architect.

D.9 Top Soil for Spreading

Where required in the Bills of Quantities, top soil required for subsequent spreading over
finished work shall be especially selected and shall be dumped in special heaps as
indicated by the Architect. Such top soil shall be reasonably free from vegetation to the
satisfaction of the Architect and shall be compacted as little as possible in the heaps.

D.10 Filling under Surface Beds in Buildings

i) Murram filling

Murram for filling as base course shall be from an approved source and of the highest
quality. It shall be laid in layers not less than 150mm thick and not greater than 230mm
thick prior to compaction. Water will be applied to O.M.O. and each layer will be
thoroughly compacted by at least 8 passes of a 10 tonne smooth wheeled roller or a 2
tonne vibrating roller until all movement ceases and 100% C.B.R. is obtained.

ii) Hardcore filling

Hardcore filling shall be crushed rock, broken brick, broken concrete or other
approved hard granular materials broken to pass not greater than a 150mm ring or
to be 75% of the finished thickness of the layers being compacted whichever is the
less and graded so that it can be easily and thoroughly compacted by rolling. The
filling is to be laid in layers each of a consolidated thickness not exceeding 230mm.

Where rolling by 10 tonne smooth wheeled roller or 2 tonne violating roller is

impossible, compaction shall be by hand or mechanical tampers. Each layer shall
be compacted by at least 8 passes of the roller.

Page 70 of 193
 The top surface of the hardcore shall be leveled or graded to falls as required and
blinded with similar material broken to 25mm gauge and surfaced with stone dust
and well wetted before consolidation by the roller. The surface so obtained shall be
to the Engineer’s approval.

D.11 Filling obtained from the Excavations

Filling obtained from surplus excavated materials is to be free from all weeds, roots,
vegetable soil or other unstable materials and is to be filled in lavers each of not more than
230mm finished thickness. Each layer to be well wetted and consolidated as described
herein.

D.12 Anti-termite treatment

Where described the top surface of filling shall be treated with Gladiator T C Pesticides to
be spoiled by Rentokil Ltd. P.O. Box 44360, Nairobi or other equal and approved firm
strictly in accordance with the satisfaction of the Architect. The Contractor must destroy
any termite nests found within the perimeter of the building and within 20 metres from the
building externally and take out and destroy queens, impregnate holes and tunnels with
approved insecticide and backfill with hard material, well rammed and consolidated.

D.13 Polythene Sheeting

Polythene sheeting shall be produced by an approved manufactuer. Joints in sheeting shall

be treble folded with a 150mm fold and taped at 300mm intervals with 50mm wide back
plastic adhesive tapes. The sheeting shall not stretched but shall be laid with sufficient
wrinkles to permit shrinkage up to 15%.

The Contractor shall ensure that the membrane is not pierced buying laying and
concreting.

D.14 Cutting Down Trees

The Contractor must consult the Architect before cutting down or pruning any trees or
shrubs encountered on the site. The Contractor shall be held responsible for any damage
caused by the building operations to those shrubs or trees not so directed.

D.15 Existing Services

Before commencing works, the Contractor shall at his own expense ascertain in writing
from the relevant Local Authorities and all other Public bodies, companies and persons
who may be affected, the position and depths of their respective ducts, cables, mains or
pipes and appurtenance. He shall thereupon search for and locate such services.

Active existing services shall be adequately protected from damage or relocated as

directed by the Architect. Inactive services shall be removed or sealed off in accordance
with the direction of the Architect.

D.16 Protection

The Contractor shall protect all graded and filled areas from the actions of the elements.
Any settlement or washing away that occur prior to acceptance of the works shall be
repaired and grades re-established to the required elevations and slopes.

D.17 Removal of Obstruction

In the event of any derelict foundations, walls, slabs, cabs etc, being discovered upon the
site of the works, they shall, if below new foundations be completely removed to a level of
150mm below the level of the new foundations as instructed by the Architect. For graded
Page 71 of 193
or planted areas, any such obstructions shall be removed to a depth of 600mm below the
finished grade.

Page 72 of 193
CONCRETE WORK

LIST OF CLAUSES

F.1 Codes of Practice

F.2 Supervision
F.3 Contractor’s Plant, Equipment and Construction Procedure
F.4 Levels and Foundations
F.5 Tolerances
F.6 Materials Generally
F.7 Samples and Testing
F.8 Cement
F.9 Aggregate
F.10 Water
F.11 Admixtures
F.12 Expansion Joint Fillers
F.13 Joint Sealant
F.14 Concrete Mixes
F.15 Structural Concrete Strengths at Preliminary Works stage
F.16 Quality Control at Works
F.17 Proportions of Concrete Works
F.18 Cement
F.19 Ready-mixed Concrete
F.20 Waterproof Concrete
F.21 Surface Treatment for Waterproofing
F.22 Physical Barrier for Waterproofing
F.23 Work Cube Tests
F.24 Mixing of Concrete
F.25 Transporting Concrete
F.26 Placing Concrete
F.27 Wet Weather Concreting
F.28 Hot Weather Concreting
F.29 Continuous Pour in Concrete
F.30 Special No-fines Concrete
F.31 Compaction
F.32 Construction Joints
F.33 Curving and Protection
F.34 Faulty Concrete
F.35 Loading Tests
F.36 Steel Reinforcement
F.37 Fabric Reinforcement
F.38 Fixing Steel Reinforcement
F.39 Splicers and Screwed Couplers
F.40 Position and Correctness of Reinforcement
F.41 Spacer Blocks
F.42 Nominal Concrete Cover to Reinforcement
F.43 Fixing Fabric Reinforcement
F.44 Projecting Reinforcement
F.45 Security Reinforcement
F.46 Twisted Plates
F.47 Fixtures and Indentations in Concrete
F.48 Chases, Holes, etc in Concrete
F.49 Position of Electrical Conduits
F.50 Formwork
F.51 Construction of Formwork
F.52 Stripping of Formwork
F.53 Surface Finishes
F.54 Precast Concrete
F.55 Precast Concrete Cladding Units
Page 73 of 193
F.56 Hollow Block Suspended Construction (Composite Floor Slabs)
F.57 Composite Floor Construction
F.58 Concrete Surface Beds
F.59 Expansion Joints in Concrete Surface Beds

CONCRETEWORK

F.1 Codes of Practice

All workmanship, materials, tests and performances in connection with reinforced concrete
shall be in conformity with the latest edition of the British Standard for concrete works
9B.S. B110 parts1 &2, B.S. 8004, B.S. 8007) and any other approved Local and
International Standards. Where inconsistency exists between these preambles and these
Standards, the Contractor shall notify the Engineer in good time for his Clarification as to
which of the two implications on the Contract.

F.2 Supervision

A competent person approved by the Engineer shall be employed by the Contractor whose
duty will be to supervise all stages in the preparation and placing of the concrete. All
cubes shall be made and site tests carried out under his direct supervision on Consultation
with the Engineer.

F.3 Contractor’s plant, Equipment and Construction Procedures

Not less than 30 days prior to the installation of the Contractor’s plant and equipment for
processing, handling, transportation, storing and placing concrete, the Contractor shall
submit drawings for approval by the Engineer, showing proposed general plant
arrangement, together with a general description of the equipment he proposes to use.

After completion of installation, the operation of the plant and equipment shall be subject to
the approval of the Engineer.

Where these Preambles, the Bills of Quantities or the Drawings require specific procedures
to be followed. Such requirements are not to be construed as prohibiting use by the
Contractor of alternative procedures providing these have been approved by the Engineer
in advance.

Approval of plant and equipment or their operation or of any construction procedure shall
not operate to waive or modify any provision or requirements contained in the Preambles
governing the quality of the materials of the finished work.

F.4 Levels and Foundations

The foundations of the Works shall be carried down to depths as may be directed by the
Engineer and they must be cut as nearly to the size of the concrete as possible and the
vacant spaces between the concrete and the solid ground excepting where otherwise
shown must be carefully filled in as directed by the Engineer.

All temporary timber shall be removed but should any timber be left in or should any other
work be done beyond that specified, it will be at the Contractor’s own cost.

F.5 Tolerances

On all setting out, dimensions of 6 mm and over, a maximum non-accumulative tolerance

of plus or minus 6mm will be allowed. On all setting out, dimensions under 6mm a
maximum non-accumulative tolerance of plus or minus 3 mm will be allowed. On the cross

Page 74 of 193
 sectional dimensions of structural members, unless otherwise required by the Drawings, a
maximum tolerance of plus or minus 3mm will be permitted.

The top surface of concrete floor slabs and beams shall be within 6mm of the normal level
and line shown on the Drawings. Columns shall be storey and not more than h/3000 cut of
plumb in their full height will be permitted. The Contractor shall be responsible for the cost
of all corrective measures required by the Engineer to rectify work which is not constructed
within the tolerances set out above.

F.6 Materials Generally

All materials which have been damaged, contaminated or have deteriorated or do not
comply in any way with the requirements of these Preambles shall be rejected and shall
be removed immediately from the Site at the Contractor’s own expense. No materials shall
be stored or stacked on suspended floors without the Engineer’s prior approval.

F.7 Samples and Testing

The Contractor shall provide on the site, equipment, staff and labour for carrying out the
sampling and testing and shall carry out any or all of these tests at such times and with
such frequency as may be requested by the Engineer.

All equipment shall be calibrated and checked from time to time by the relevant
Government Authority and/or as the Engineer may direct.

The Contractor shall provide all samples required by the Engineer as soon as possible
after the contract is let. No deliveries in bulk shall be made until the samples are approved
by the Engineer. All condemned materials shall be removed from the site within 24 hours.

Frequency of tests and number of samples required shall be governed by the results of
previous tests, the quality of materials revealed during the tests and the uniformity of that
quality. Should it become evident that the quality of concrete is deteriorating, the Engineer
may require additional samples to be taken and test cubes to be made and tested to
determine the cause.

F.8 Cement

Cement unless otherwise specified shall be ordinary Portland Cement of a brand and
source approved by the Engineer and shall comply with the requirements of K.S.02-21. A
manufacturer’s certificate of test in accordance with K.S.02-21 shall be supplied for each
consignment delivered to the Site.

Should the Contractor require to use cement of Rapid Hardening variety, he shall submit
his proposals to the Engineer along with any cost implications on the project for his
approval. Any additional cost that may be caused by the use of Rapid Hardening cement
shall be borne by the Contractor.

Cement may be delivered to the Site either in bags or in bulk.

If delivered in bags each bag shall be properly sealed and marked with the manufacturer’s
name and on the site is to be stored in weatherproof shed of adequate dimensions with a
raised floor. Each consignment shall be kept separate and marked so that it may be used
in the sequence in which it is received. Any bag found to contain cement which has set or
partly set shall be completely discarded and not used in the works. Bags shall not be
stored in stacks more than 2.0 metres in height.

No cement which has been kept on site in bags for more than 3 months shall be used in
the works.

Page 75 of 193
 If delivered in bulk the cement shall be stored in a weatherproof silo either provided by the
cement supplier or by the Contractor but in either case the silo shall be to the approval of
the Engineer.

F.9 Aggregate

Aggregates shall conform with the requirement K.S.02-95 and all the proposed sources,
types and grading test results of all aggregates are to be approved in all respects by the
Engineer before work commences.

The grading of aggregates shall be one within the limits set out in K.S.02-95 and as later
specified and the grading, once approved shall be adhered to throughout the works and
not varied without the approval of the Engineer. Fine aggregates shall be clean, coarse,
siliceous sand of good, sharp, hard quality and shall be free from lumps of stone, earth,
loam dust, salt, organic matter and any other deleterious substances.

Coarse aggregate shall be good, hard, clean, approved blackstrap or similar stone, free
from dust, decomposed stone, clay, either matter, foreign substances or friable thin
elongated or laminated pieces. It shall be graded within the limits of K.S.02-95 for is
respective nominal size.

If in the opinion of the Engineer the aggregate meets with the above requirements out is
dirty or adulterated in any manner it shall be screened and/or washed with clean water at
the Contractor’s expense.

Aggregate shall be delivered to the Site in their prescribed sizes or gradings and shall be
stock-piled on paved areas to boarded platforms in separate units to avoid intermixing. On
no account shall premixed cores aggregates be brought to the patching plant. On no
account shall aggregates be stock-piled on the ground.

The Engineer shall be entitled to require a Certificate from an approved testing laboratory
in connection with each source of fine and coarse aggregates including sand) showing
that materials comply with the specification. Samples shall be subjected to such tests and
at frequencies as determined by the Engineer. All such testing shall be carried out at the
Contractor’s expenses.

F.10 Water

The water used for mixing concrete shall be from an approved source, clean, fresh and
free from harmful matter and comply with the requirements of B.S.3148.

F.11 Admixtures

Before approval for the use of a proprietor admixture is given, the Contractor shall satisfy
the Engineer as to its suitability for the work and its compatibility with the cement it is
intended to complement.

F.12 Expansion Joint Fillers

Expansion joint filler shall be “Flexcell” as manufactured by Expedite Ltd. Or “Rexilex” as

manufactured by Evomastic Ltd., or equivalent and approved filler.

F.13 Joint Sealant

Sealant shall be plysulphide based “Pli-astic” or “Seelastic” as described, both

manufactured by Expandite Ltd., or equivalent, applied in accordance with the
manufacturer’s printed instructions and prices shall include for temporary battens or fillets
and afterwards withdrawing to form groves as necessary.
Page 76 of 193
 “Seelastic” shall be applied by gun and where more than 12mm deep shall include filling
with loose packing yarn to within 12mm from outer face.

“Pli-astic” shall be applied hot. With the Engineer’s approval Polemastic fillers of the
appropriate grade as manufactured by Evomastics Ltd. May be substituted for “Seelastic”.

On no account shall soft board materials be used as Joint fillers.

F.14 Concrete mixes

All structural concrete shall consist of laboratory designed mixes. The weights of cement,
fine, coarse aggregates and water (and plasticiser where required) to be used in the
designed concrete mixes shall be those giving one cubic metre of mixed concrete. Each
design mix (for each class of structural concrete) shall be submitted to the Engineer along
with at least 8 laboratory test results (4 No. 7 days and 4 No. 28 days) for his approval.
The design mixes and the accompanying test results shall be sent to the Contractor. No
photocopies shall be accepted. once approved these design mixes shall be used in
preliminary stage of works.

Only the 28 day results shall from the basis of assessment for the preliminary and works
cube results out the Engineer may use the 7 days test results to determine the quality of
concreting at his discretion.

F.15 Structural Concrete Strengths at Preliminary Works Stage

For the purpose of this Contract, Structural concrete shall mean concrete for which the
specified characteristic cube strength is equal to or higher than 20N/mm.

The concrete mix shall be designed to attain a mean strength greater than the
characteristic strength of at least the current margin. The current margin shall be taken as
the smaller of the value resulting from (1) or (2) below.

1) For at least 40 separate batches of concrete of identical proportions of similar

materials produced over a period of between 5 days and 60 days using the same
plant under similar supervision and procedures.

Current Margin = 1.64 times the standard deviation

but no less than 7.5N/mm

2) For cube tests on at least 100 batches as described in (1) produced over a period
not exceeding 12 months.

Current Margin = 1.64 times the standard deviation but not less than
3.75N/mm for concrete grade 20 and above.

Where there is insufficient data to satisfy (1) and (2), the current margin for the initial mix
design shall be taken as 10N/MM until sufficient data is available.

Testing of concrete at preliminary stage shall continue until the Engineer is fully satisfied
that the concrete mix has met all the requirements outlines in this section.

The strength at 7 days shall only be indicative and unless the Engineer otherwise agrees, it
shall not form the basis of approval for design mixes.

F.16 Quality Control at Works Stage

Once the concrete mix is accepted from preliminary to works stage, the principal basis of
control shall be analysis of the cube test results at 28 days.
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 Cube test results shall be examined individually in 10 consecutive sets of four. The
standard deviation and mean strength of each set small be calculated.

The concrete mix proportions shall only be acceptable if all of the following requirements
are complied with:

i) Not more than two results in 40 are less than the characteristic crushing strength.

ii) No value of the average for any set of four results shall be less than the
characteristic strength plus one-half of the current margin.

iii) When 40 No. have been obtained and the mean strength and standard deviation
are calculated, the mean strength minus 1.64 times the standard deviation shall be
greater than the characteristic strength.

Where the results do not conform to the above requirements, the following action
shall be taken:

- Adjustments to the mix to obtain strength required

- In the case where any result is less than 85% of the characteristic strength the
structural implications shall be determined and any necessary implications shall
be determined and any necessary remedial action carried out shall be at the
Contractor’s costs.

F.17 Proportions of Concrete Works

All Structural concrete shall be proportioned in weight using weigh batching machines of an
approved type to B.S. 13050 and shall be properly maintained and checked for accuracy to
the requirements of Factories Inspectorate and at such intervals as required by the law and
or as Engineer shall direct.

F.18 Cement

The Quantity of cement shall be measured by weight. Where delivered in bags, each
batch of concrete is to contain one or more bags of cement in accordance with the
proportions specified.

For non-structural concrete, volume batching may be used as indicated below:

Class of Concrete 15 10
Nominal mix by volume 1:3:6 1:4:8
----------------------------- ----- ------

Cubic metres of fine aggregate

Per 50 kg. bag of cement 0.12 0.16

Cubic metres of coarse aggregate

Per 50kg bag of cement 0.24 0.32

Max. size of coarse aggregate 40mm* 40mm*

*or 20mm for blinding concrete where described.

Where batching is by volume, approved gauge boxes of such a size as will give the correct
proportions shall be used, and full account shall be taken of bulking due to high moisture
content.

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F.19 Ready-mixed concrete

Where the Contractor desires to use ready-mixed concrete prepared outside the site, he
shall submit a written request to the Engineer for his approval. In his request, the
Contractor shall attach a detailed proposal showing the logistics of carrying out such an
exercise.

The Engineer shall give his written consent only after satisfying himself with the adequacy
of the Contractor’s proposals as far as specifications and logistics are concerned. The
Engineer may demand particular conditions be fulfilled before granting the permission (A
sample of “Delivery Ticket” for ready-mix concrete as attached at the back of this
specification.

F.20 Waterproof Concrete

Where waterproof concrete is specified, Seallocrete “Sealopruf Integral Waterproofing

Compound” and “Sealocrete Concrete Plasticizer” or similar approved are to be added to
the mixing water strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and at the rate
of 500cc and 125cc respectively to each 50kg bag of cement to which the aggregates have
already been added and mixed. Not more than 22.5 to 24.75 litres of water per 50kg bag
of cement are to be used unless otherwise approved on the Engineer.

F.21 Surface Treatment for Waterproof

Where specified treatment with “Vandex”, “Sealocrete Supercoat Waterproofer” etc shall
be applied to concrete or blockwork surfaces strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions. The surfaces must be well wire-brushed to remove dirt, efflorescence,
adhering mortar and all foreign matter. It shall then be cleaned with fresh water. When
absolutely dry a generous coat of Sealocrete Supercoat shall be applied by brush or spray
gun. Surface so treated shall be protected from damage or staining as described
elsewhere.

F.22 Physical Barrier for Waterproofing

Where specified, physical barriers shall consist of the following:

Mastic Asphalt

This shall be laid in layers of maximum thickness of 10mm each. The materials and
workmanship shall comply to CP 102:1973.

Rubber-Membrane

This shall consist of performed laminated membrane comprising an elastomeric self-

adhesive rubber/bitumen compound and robust polythene sheet such as Bituthene 1000,
as produced by SERVICISED LIMITED or other similar approved material. The membrane
shall be stored, handled and laid onto the elements to be protected strictly in accordance
with the manufacturers specifications and under the supervision of one of their approved
representatives all to CO 102:1973.

Waterbars

Only approved water bars shall be incorporated in the structural concrete works and these
shall be provided in the positions indicated on the drawings or at other alternative positions
approved by the Engineer.

Joints shall be heat welded in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions and where
the waterbar is to be fixed vertically, metal clips as manufactured by the supplier of the
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 waterbar or of other approved design shall be provided to suspend the warerbar from the
reinforcement.

Where waterproof concrete is used the Contractor shall adhere strictly to the position and
type of construction joints as detailed on the drawings. Any deviation from this procedure
or the provision of additional construction joints will require the prior approval of the
Engineer and any additional waterbar so required will be at the Contractor’s expense.

Formwork shall be designed with sufficient timber forms and blockwiring pieces to support
the waterbar and to ensure that it is not displaced during concreting. In the case of
horizontal joints in vertical walling and similar members the formwork shall be so
constructed as to permit the starter or upstand concrete surrounding the lower half of the
waterbar to be poured in the same operation as the slab or other concrete from which it
springs. Formwork to walls or similar members where waterbar is positioned at the base of
the lift shall have sufficient inspection openings not less than 300mm square at
approximately 15mm to 300mm above the level of the waterbar to permit checking that the
waterbar is correctly positioned and not displaced during concreting.

Through-bolts or ties will not be permitted in liquid retaining structure or in retaining walls.
The Contractor shall use only such bolts or ties as are capable of being removed in part so
that the portion remaining embedded in the concrete shall be between the specified
thickness of cover to the reinforcement.

No concreting will be permitted to portions where upstand starters form an integral part
until the formwork to the starter has been fixed and approved. No through holes shall be
permitted in basement retaining walls.

The Contractor shall provide the following furniture and equipment for setting u his
laboratory to be used in carrying out control tests on the site.

F.23 Work Cube Tests

Work cubes are to be made at intervals as required by the Engineer and the Contractor
shall provide a continuous record of the concrete work. The cubes shall be in approved
100 or 150 mm moulds as required by the Engineer ins trict accordance with the Code of
Practice.

At least four cubes shall be made on each occasion, from different batches, the concrete
being taken from the point of deposit.

Frequency of the tests and the number of samples required will be governed by the results
of the previous tests, the quality of the materials revealed during the tests and the
uniformity of the quality. Should it become evident that the quality of the concrete is
deteriorating the Engineer may require additional samples to be taken and test cubes to be
made and tested to determine the cause.

Each cube shall be marked with a distinguishing number (numbers to run consecutively
and the date and a record shall be kept on site giving the following particulars:

a) Cube No.

b) Date and time made

c) Temperature and weather conditions

d) Location in work

e) 7-day Test

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 Date: …………………………...

Strength ………………………..

f) 28-day Test

Date: ……………………………

Strength ………………………..

Cubes shall be forwarded, carriage paid to an approved Testing Laboratory in time to be

treated two at 7 days and two at 28 days. No cube shall be dispatched within 3 days of
casting.

Authentic copies of all work Test results shall be forwarded to the Engineer directly from
the testing laboratory and one shall be retained on the site. The test certificate shall
indicate all properties as required by B.S. 1881.

If the strength required above are not attained and maintained throughout the carrying out
of the Contract, the Contractor will be required to increase the proportion of cement and/or
substitute better aggregates so as to give concrete which does comply with the
requirements of the contract. The Contractor may be required to remove and replace at his
own cost any concrete which fails to attain the required strength as ascertained by work
Cube Test.

The Contractor must allow in his rates for concrete test cubes for all expenses in
connection with the preparation and conveyance to the Testing Laboratory and testing of
test cubes and no claim in respect of his failure to do so will be entertained.

F.24 Mixing of Concrete

The concrete shall be mixed only in approved driven weigh batch mixers of a type and
capacity suitable for the work. The batching plant shall have a reserve capacity of at least
30% over and above the expected maximum demand.

The weigh batch mixer shall be equipped with an accurate water measuring device. All
materials shall be thoroughly mixed or before the water is added and the mixing of each
batch shall continue for a period of not less than two minutes after the water has been
added and until there is a uniform distribution of the materials and the mass is uniform in
colour.

The entire contents of the mixed drum shall be discharged before recharging. The volume
of mixed materials shall not exceed the rated capacity of the mixer. Whenever the mixer is
started, an extra cement shall be added to the fined catch and no extra payment shall be
made on this account.

As a check on concrete consistency, slump tests shall be carried out in accordance with
B.S. 1881. The Contractor shall provide the necessary apparatus and allow for the cost of
such test.

The slumb of the concrete made with the specified water content, using any materials shall
be determined and the water to be added under wet conditions shall be so reduced as to
give approximately the same slumb.

F.25 Transport Concrete

The concrete shall be mixed as near o the place where it is required as is practicable and
only as much as is required for a specified section of the work shall be mixed at one time.
Such section to be commenced and finished in one operation without delay.
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 All concrete must be efficiently handled and used in the works within twenty (20) minutes of
mixing. It shall be discharged from the mixer direct either into receptacles or barrows and
shall be distributed by means which do not case separation or otherwise impair the quality
of the concrete. Approved mechanical means of handling will be encouraged but the use
of chutes for placing concrete is subject to the prior approval of the Engineer.

Where approval is obtained for concrete to be conveyed by chutes, these shall have a
slope (not exceeding 1 vertical to 2 horizontal) such as to ensure a continuous flow of
concrete. Additional water shall be introduced to assist the flow.

Where approval is obtained for pumping the concrete, the pump manufacturer’s
recommendations shall be followed. The pumps used shall be of adequate capacity and
power to ensure delivery of a continuous supply. The Contractor shall provide adequate
alternative arrangements for transporting concrete including standby pumps in case of
breakdown of the pumping equipment.

No relaxation of these specification on pumped concrete will be permitted. In particular,

attention shall be paid to the proper grading of aggregate to prevent bleeding and or
aggregation during pumping operations.

The inclusion of mixtures to improve the flow characteristics or the concrete will only be
permitted where it can be shown that they do not adversely affect the concrete.

Proper bridging arrangements for traffic over reinforcement shall be provided so that the
reinforcement is not distorted, damaged or displaced.

F.26 Placing Concrete

No concrete shall be placed before approval by the Engineer’s representative.

Any accumulation of set concrete on the reinforcement shall be removed by wire brushing
before further concrete is placed.

Care shall be taken that the concrete is not disturbed or subjected to vibrations and shocks
during the setting period.

Mixing machines, platforms and barrows shall be clean before commencing mixing and be
cleaned on every cessation of the work.

Where concrete is laid on hardcore or other absorbent materials, the base shall be suitable
and sufficiently wetted before the concrete is deposited.

Concrete shall be placed from a height not exceeding 1.5m directly into its permanent
position and shall not be worked along the shutters to that position. Unless otherwise
approved, concrete shall be placed in a single operation to the full thickness of slabs,
beams and similar members and shall be placed in horizontal layers not exceeding 1.5m
deep in walls and similar members.

Concrete in columns may be placed to a height of 4.0m with careful placing and vibration
and satisfactory results. Where the height of the column exceeds
4.0m suitable openings must be left in the shutters so that this maximum lift is not
exceeded. The bottom 500mm must first be thoroughly compacted before more concrete
is added as the vibrator is gradually withdrawn.

Tops of lifts in walls and columns shall be finished level and well compacted so that
minimal preparation of the next lift is required.

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 Concrete shall be placed continuously until completion of the part of the work between
construction joints as specified hereinafter.

If stopping of concreting is unavoidable elsewhere, a construction joint shall be made

where the work is stopped. A record of all such joints must be made by the contractor and
a copy supplied to the Engineer.

F.27 Wet Weather Concreting

Concreting during periods of constant rain shall not be permitted unless aggregate
stockpiles, mixers and transporting equipment and the areas to be concreted are
adequately covered.

F.28 Hot Weather Concreting

Concreting shall not be permitted if its temperature at placing is in excess of 38c. In order
to maintain the temperature of the concrete below this value the following precautions shall
be taken wholly or in part as instructed by the Engineer:

i) All aggregate stockpiles, water lines and tanks as well as the mixer shall be
protected from the direct rays of the sun.

ii) Coarse water shall be cooled by constant watering where possible

iii) Mixing water shall be cooled by the addition of ice to the storage tanks where
necessary.

iv) Rapid-hardening cement shall not be used

v) Where the above precautions are inadequate, concreting shall be carried out during
the cooler parts of the day or night as may be directed by the Engineer.

When the air temperature is above 20c loss of mixing water by evaporation shall be
considered in arriving at the amount of water to be added to the mix. In order to maintain
the water/cement ratio within permissible limits, an approved water-reducing agent shall be
included in the mix.

The maximum water/cement ratio may be increased with the Engineer’s permission during
mixing, but on no account shall water be added to concrete directly or indirectly once it has
left the mixer.

In order to reduce premature drying of the concrete during transporting and placing, all
chutes, formwork and reinforcement shall be cooled by watering when possible, or shall
otherwise be protected from the direct rays of the sun. Any water so used shall be
removed by jetting with compressed air before placing the concrete in close contact.

As soon as possible after concreting, the formwork shall be stripped and the surface of the
concrete shall be treated in accordance with the requirements stated elsewhere.

Where drying winds are encountered, wing shields shall be positioned as directed by the
Engineer to protect exposed surfaces of the curing concrete.

F.29 Continuous Pour in Concrete

Where the Contractor desires to use continuous concreting method in large sections (rafts
and walls), he shall submit a written request to the Engineer for approval. In the request he
shall attach details which shall include but not be limited to the following:

- Total amount of concrete to be placed in the shift

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 - Stock of approved concrete materials on site

- Capacity of the batching plant

- Number and type of truck mixers to be deployed for the exercise and movement
logistics

- Number and capacity of plant to be used in placing concrete

(bumps, vibrators, buckets, etc)

- Method(s) of monitor and dealing with the heat of hydration

- Details of protection against rain and floodwaters and now to cope with it.

The Engineer shall consider the above details and other parameters (e.g. weather,
satisfactory records of cube test results, availability of adequate working section where
reinforcement placement and the necessary formwork have been approved etc) before
making his decision. The Engineer may order that additional concrete cube moulds be
made available as well as arrangements be made for cube crushing with an approved
laboratory to cope with the increased demand.

The Engineer may order that the concreting works be stopped immediately if in his opinion
the quality of the works is threatened for whatever reason.

F.30 Special No-fines Concrete

No-fines concrete for use in subsoil drainage shall consist of a 1:8 cement/aggregates mix
by volume. Aggregate shall be 20mm to 10mm graded with no more than 5% passing the
10mm sieve. Only sufficient water shall be added to ensure complete coating of the
aggregate. One half of this water shall be placed into the mixer first, after which the
aggregate and cement shall be admitted. After partial mixing, the balance of the water
shall be added until a consistency of mix is achieved.

Preliminary tests shall be carried out on the site to prove the suitability of the finished
concrete and adjustments made to the proportions and/or grading as may be required by
the Engineer.

Compaction

At all times during which concrete is being place, the Contractor shall provide adequate
and experienced labour to ensure that the concrete is compacted in the forms to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.

The Contractor shall ensure that he has at least 0% backup/reserve capacity over and
above the maximum executed demand.

Concrete shall not be placed at a rate greater than will permit satisfactory compaction not
to a depth greater than 450mm before it is compacted.

During and immediately after placing, the concrete shall be thoroughly compacted by
means of continuous vibration.

Care shall be taken to fill every part of the forms to work the concrete under and around the
reinforcement without displacing it and to avoid disturbing recently placed concrete which
has begun to set.

Any water accumulating on the surface of newly placed concrete shall be removed and no
further concrete shall be placed thereon until such water is removed. Internal vibrators
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 shall have a frequency of not less than 7,000 cycles per minute and shall have a rotation
eccentric weight of at least 0.75 kg with an eccentricity of not more than 15mm. Such
vibrators shall visibly affect the concrete within a radius of 250mm from the vibrator.

Internal vibrators shall not be inserted between layers of reinforcement less than one and
one half times the diameter of the vibrators apart. Contact between vibrators and
reinforcement and vibrators and formwork shall be avoided.

Internal vibrators shall be inserted vertically into the concrete wherever possible at not
more than 500 mm centres and shall constantly be moved from place to place. No internal
vibrator shall be permitted to remain in any one position for more than ten seconds and it
shall be withdrawn very slowly from the concrete.

In consolidating each layer of concrete the violating head shall be allowed to penetrate and
re-vibrate the concrete in the upper portion of the underlying layer. In the area where
newly placed concrete in each layer joins previously placed concrete, more than usual
vibration shall be performed, the vibrator penetrating deeply at close intervals along these
contacts. Layers of concrete shall not be placed until layers previously placed have been
vibrated thoroughly as specified.

Vibrators shall not be used to move concrete from place to place in the formwork.

At least one internal vibrator shall be operated to every four cubic metres of concrete
placed per hour and at least one spare vibrator for every three shall be maintained on site
in case of break-down during concreting operations.

External formwork vibrators shall be of the high frequency low amplitude type applied with
the principal direction of vibration in the horizontal plane. They shall be attached directly to
the forms at not more than 1.200m centres.

In addition to internal and external vibration, the upper surface of suspended floor slabs
shall be leveled with a tamping or vibrating screed prior to finishing.

Vibrating elements shall be of the low frequency high amplitude type operating at a speed
of not less than 3,000 n.p.m.

F.32 Construction Joints

Construction joints shall be permitted only at the positions predetermined on the drawings
or as instructed on the site by the Engineer. In general they shall be located at points of
minimum speer, viz, vertical at, or near micspans of slabs, ribs and deems.

The position of construction joints, when not shown on the Drawings or otherwise required
by this specification, small be decided on site having regard to the plant and labour made
available by the Contractor for the manufacture, placing and compaction of the concrete as
well as its curing, the climatic conditions prevailing at the time of concreting, the nature and
size of the formwork and conditions of operations of the work. The Contractor shall submit
his proposals to the Engineer for his approval before commencing the work.

Suspended concrete slabs are generally to be cast using alternative bay construction in
bays not exceeding 15m in length. No to adjacent bays are to be cast within a minimum
period of 48 hours of each other. The joints between adjacent bays are to be in positions
agreed with the Engineer.

Under no circumstances shall concrete be allowed to tail-off, but it shall be deposited

against stopping-off boards.

Before placing new concrete against concrete hardened, the face of the old concrete shall
be thoroughly hacked, roughened and cleaned, and laitance and loose material removed
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 therefrom, and immediately before placing the new concrete the surface shall be saturated
with water and covered with a coat of mortar at lest 25mm in thickness composed of
cement and fine aggregate in proportions used in the concrete.

F.33 Curing and Protection

Care must be taken that no concrete is allowed to become prematurely dry and the fresh
concrete must be carefully protected within two hours of placing from rain, sun and wind by
means of at least three layers of Hessian sacking, white polythene sheeting or other
approved means. This protective layer and the concrete itself must be kept continuously
wet for at least seven days after the concrete has been placed. The Contractor must allow
for the complete coverage of all fresh concrete for a period of 7 days. Hessian or white
polythene sheeting shall be in the maximum widths obtainable and shall be secured
against wind. The Contractor will not be permitted to use old cement bags, clear or any
other colour polythene sheets, hessian or other material in small places.

Concrete in foundations and other underground work shall be protected from admixture
with the falling earth after placing.

Traffic or loading must not be allowed on the concrete until the concrete is sufficiently
matured and in no case shall traffic or loading be of such magnitude as to cause deflection
or other movement in the formwork or damage to the concrete members. Where directed
by the Engineer props may be required to be left in position under slabs and other
members for greater periods than those specified hereafter.

F.34 Faulty Concrete

Any concrete which fails to comply with these Preambles, or which shows signs or setting
before it is placed small be taken out and removed from the bite, where concrete is round
to be defective after it has set the concrete shall be cut out and replaced in accordance
with the Engineer’s instructions. On no account shall any faulty, honeycombed, or
otherwise defective concrete be repaired or patched until the Engineer has made an
inspection and issued instructions for the repair.

On the Engineer’s instruction, the contractor shall cut out and replace any concrete in any
part of the structure if in the Engineer’s opinion:-

a) The concrete does not conform to the specification, or

b) Deleterious materials or materials which are likely to produce harmful effects have
been included in the concrete.

c) The honeycombed or damaged surfaces are too extensive, or

d) The finished concrete sizes are not in accordance with the drawings within permissible
tolerance, or

e) The setting-out is incorrect, or

f) The steel cover has not been maintained, or

g) The protection, including curing of the concrete during the construction was
inadequate resulting in damage, or

h) Undue deformation of or damage to the works has taken place due to inadequate
shutterings or to premature traffic or to excessive loading, or

i) Any combination or the above points has taken place resulting in unsatisfactory
work.
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 The whole of the cost, whatsoever (including time lost) which may be occasioned by the
need to remove faulty concrete shall be borne by the Contractor.

F.35 Loading Tests

The Engineer may direct that a loading test be made on the works or any part thereof if he
deems such a test to be necessary for one or more of the following reasons:

a) Failure of “Site cubes” to attain the strength requirements

b) Premature removal of formwork

c) Overloading of structure during construction

d) Improper compaction of concrete

e) Any other circumstances attributable to alleged negligence on the part of the

Contractor which in the opinion of the Engineer may result in the structure being of
less than the required strength.

The loading test ordered solely or in part for reasons (a) to (e) shall be made at the
Contractor’s own cost.

Loading tests shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of B.S. 8110.

If the results of the test are not satisfactory, the Engineer will direct that the part of the work
concerned be taken down or removed and reconstructed to comply with the Specification
or that such other remedial measures as he may think fit be taken to make the work
acceptable and the Contractor shall carry out such work at his own cost.

The Engineer may also instruct the Contractor before a loading test takes place to take out
cylindrical core specimens from the structures concerned and have them tested. The
cutting equipment and the method of doing the work shall be to the Engineer’s approval.
The specimens shall be dealt with in accordance with BS 1881. Prior to testing, the
specimens shall be available for examination by the Engineer. If the cores are ordered to
be taken solely or in part for reasons (a) to (e) above, the work involved solely or in part for
reasons (a) to (e) above, the work involved and the testing shall be made at the
Contractor’s own cost.

No extensions of time shall be granted for any delays or disruption of work caused by these
test.

F.30 Steel reinforcement

The steel reinforcement shall comply with the latest requirements of the following British
Standards:

Hot rolled MS for the

Reinforcement of concrete KS 02-22

Hot rolled MS for the

Reinforcement of concrete KS 4449

Cold worked H.Y. steel for the

Reinforcement of concrete BS 4461

Hard drawn steel wire BS 4482

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 Generally high yield, hi-rib reburies (425 & 460N/mm) shall be used for main reinforcement
and mild steel round bars. (250 N/mm) for links and ductility for special elements where
specified. In addition where so detailed, mild steel deformed bars shall also be used.

The Contractor shall submit a test certificate of the rolfings. Reinforcement shall be stored
on racks above ground level in covered waterproof sheds to keep away rain water. The
sheds shall be well drained to prevent deterioration or contamination from any cause. All
reinforcement shall be free from loose mill scale or rust, grease, paint or other substances
likely to reduce the bond between the steel and concrete.

F.37 Fabric Reinforcement

Fabric reinforcement shall be electrically cross-welded steel wire mesh reinforcement to

B.S. 4483 and of the size and weight specified and made of wire to B.S. 4482.

B.38 Fixing Steel Reinforcement

Reinforcement shall be accurately bent to the shapes and dimensions shown on the
Brawings and Schedules and in accordance with B.S. 4466 and B.S. 8110. reinforcement
must be cut and bent cold and no welded joints will be permitted unless to detailed or
directed by the Engineer.

Reinforcement shall be accurately placed in position as shown on the drawings, and before
and during concreting shall be secured against displacement by using No.18. S.W.G.
annealed binding wire or suitable clips at intersections and shall be supported by concrete
or metal supports, spacers or metal hangers to ensure the correct position and cover. No
part of binding wire shall protrude into the specified nominal cover.

No concreting shall be commenced until the Engineer has inspected the reinforcement in
position and until his approval has been obtained. The Contractor shall give two clear days
notice of his intention to concrete to the Engineer. Approval forms shall be submitted in
duplicates. (A sample of the format of the Approval form is attached at the back of this
specification).

The Contractor is responsible for maintaining the reinforcement in its correct position,
according to the drawings, before and during concreting. During concreting a competent
steel fixer must be in attendance on the concretors to adjust and correct the positions of
any reinforcement which may be displaced. The vibrators are not to come into contact at
his own cost.

Unless permitted by the Engineer, welding of a bars is prohibited. Where permission is

granted, welding shall be carried out in accordance with the recommendations of the
institute of welding for the welding or reinforcement bars.

The Contractor shall provide on site facilities for cutting and bending reinforcement
whether he is ordering his reinforcement bent or not and shall ensure that a token amount
of straight bat of each diameter if available on site for bending as and when directed by the
Engineer in order that minor modifications may be implemented on site without prior notice.

Bar bending schedules shall be issued to the Contractor at least a month in advance of the
actual physical requirement in site. The Contractor is responsible for verifying that he has
in his possession the required schedules to meet his programme and shall give the
Engineer at least 3 weeks notice for any schedules that he requires.

F.39 Splices and Screwed Couples

Where specified in the works, splices and screwed couplers shall be CC1 systems type or
similar approved and shall be for reinforcement bar sizes 16. 20. 25 and 32. The relevant
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 certificates of performance shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. The Engineer
may order additional relevant tests be carried out through the Contractor from time to time
as measure of continuous monitoring of quality and performance.

F.40 Position and Correctness of Reinforcement

The Contractor shall draw the Engineer’s attention in good time if any discrepancies
between details on drawings and bar bending schedules occur.

Irrespective of whether any inspection and/or approval of the fixing of the reinforcement
has been carried but as above. It shall be the Contractor’s sole responsibility to ensure
that the reinforcement complies with the details on the drawings or bending schedules with
the details on the drawings or and in position to give prescribed cover.

F.41 Spacer Blocks

Spacing blocks of approved size and shape made of concrete similar to that used in the
surrounding construction and filed to the reinforcement or formwork by No. 18 S.W.G.
wires set into the spacer blocks or other approved means shall be provided where
necessary to ensure that the requisite cover is obtained. The Contractor is to include for
providing sufficient such spacer blocks in his prices for steel reinforcement where such
supplier has been nominated. Where composite blocks or other forms of bid construction
are used, spacer blocks are to be provided as shown on the drawings. These will generally
consist of concrete blocks as described above made to fit the width of the rib less 3mm to
tolerance an with single or double grooves (depending on the number of the reinforcement
bars used per rib) in the top surface with wire ties at each grove. The Engineer may direct
that special types of spacers (e.g. performed plastic types) be used in the whole or part of
the works. If in his opinion the concrete spacers are not to the required standard.

F.42 Nominal Concrete Cover to Reinforcement

Unless otherwise directed the nominal concrete cover to steel reinforcing bars (including
links and distribution) in any face shall be:

Foundations against earth face 75mm

Foundation against blinding 50mm

Columns (main bars) 40mm

Slabs and stairs 20mm

Wall (main bars) 20mm

The tolerance on placing of bars achieve nominal cover is +5mm.

F.43 Fixing Fabric Reinforcement

The fabric shall be free from scale, rust, grease or other substances likely to reduce the
bond between the steel and the concrete and shall be laid with minimum 300mm laps and
bound with No. 18 S.W.G. annealed iron wire.

F.44 Projecting Reinforcement

Where reinforcement projects from a concreted section of the structure and this
reinforcement is expected to remain exposed for some time, it is to be coated with a
cement grout to prevent rust staining on the finished concrete. This grout is to be brushed
off the reinforcement prior to the continuation of concreting.

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F.45 Security Reinforcement
Spiral

Spiral reinforcement where specified in the works shall be chubb spiral, Aegamesh or
similar approved. It shall consist of steel bars of at least 15mm diameter forming a
mattress with pitches not exceeding 125mmm, and shall be delivered to the site in
preformed 2 row mattress cages of exact and specified dimensions and incorporating
appropriate spacer bars to maintain mattress rigidity. When assembled, the cages shall
define the outline of the elements to be protected including allowance for openings. This
assembling in the works shall be carried out under the supervision of the supplier’s
approved representative.

F.46 Twisted Plates

These shall be Chubb tangbats, John Tann bars, Tord cars or similar approved. They shall
be made from 3mm thick mild steel plates cut into strips running off a central cord. They
shall be transported to the site in flat condition where they shall be twisted into spirals.

The twisting and laying of the units shall be carried out under he supervision of the
supplier’s approved representative.

F.47 Fixtures and Indentations in Concrete

No openings, chases, holes or other voids shall be formed in the concrete without the prior
approval of the Engineer. Details of any fixtures to be permanently built into the concrete
including the proposed positions of all conduits 25mm and over in diameter shall be
submitted to the Engineer for his approval before being placed.

F.48 Chases, Holes, etc. in Concrete

The Contractor shall be responsible for the co-ordination with the Electrical and other sub-
contractors for incorporating electrical conduits, pipes, fixing blocks, chases, holes and the
like in concrete members as required and must ensure that adequate notice is given to
such sub-contractors informing them when concreting members incorporating the above
are to be poured. The Contractor shall submit full details of these items to the Engineer for
approval before the work is put in hand. All fixing blocks, accurately set out and cast with
the concrete.

F.49 Position of Electrical Conduit

Unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer all electrical conduits to be positioned within
the reinforced concrete shall be fixed inside the steel cages of beams and between the top
and bottom steel layers in slabs and similar members.

F.50 Formwork

The method and system of formwork which the Contractor proposed to use shall be
approved by the Engineer before construction commences. Formwork shall be
substantially and rigidly constructed of timber, steel, plastic, precast concrete or other
approved material.

All timber formwork shall be good, sound, clean, sawn, well-seasoned timber free from
warps and loose knots and of scantlings sufficiently strong for their purpose.

F.51 Construction of Formwork

All formwork shall be of sufficient thickness and with joints close enough to prevent undue
leakage of liquid from the concrete and fixed to proper alignment, level and plumb and
supported on sufficiently strong bearers, shores, praces, plates, etc., properly held together
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 by bolts or other fastenings to prevent displacement, vibrations or movement by the weight
of materials, men and plant on same and so wedged and clamped as to permit easing and
removal of the formwork without larring the concrete. Where formwork is supported on
previously constructed portions of the reinforced concrete structural frame, the contractor
shall by consultation with the Engineer ensure that the supporting concrete structure is
capable of carrying the load and/or sufficiently propped from lower floors or portions of the
frame to permit the load to be temporarily carried during construction.

Soffits for beams and slabs of spans greater than 10m shall be erected with an upward
camber of 5mm for each 3.0m of horizontal span or as directed by the Engineer without
reducing the depth of the element.

Great care shall be taken to make and maintain all joints in the formwork as tight as
possible to prevent the leakage of grout during vibration.

All faulty joints shall be caulded to the Engineer’s approval before concreting.

The formwork shall be sufficiently rigid to ensure that no distortion or bulging occurs under
the effects of vibration. If at any time the formwork is insufficiently rigid or in anyway
defective the Contractor shall strengthen or improve such formwork as the Engineer may
direct.

The Contractor’s attention is drawn to the various surface textures and applied finishes
required and the faces of formwork next to the concrete must be of such material and
construction and be sufficiently true to provide a concrete surface which will in each
particular case permit the specified surface treatment or applied finish.

All surfaces which will be in contact with concrete shall be piled or greased to prevent
adhesion of mortar. Oil or grease shall be of a non-staining mineral type applied as a thin
film before the reinforcement is placed. Surplus moisture shall be removed from the forms
prior to placing of the concrete. Great care shall be taken to avoid oiling or greasing the
reinforcement.

Temporary openings shall be provided at the base of columns, wall and beam forms and at
any form points where necessary to facilitate cleaning and inspection immediately before
the pouring of concrete. Before the concrete is placed the shuttering shall be true-up and
any water accumulated therein shall be washed out or otherwise removed from within the
formwork. The reinforcement shall then be inspected for accuracy of filing. Immediately
before placing the concrete the formwork shall be well wetted and inspection openings
shall be closed. Cement slurry shall be applied to previously casted concrete as necessary
to allow for adequate bonding. The erection, easing, striking and removing of all formwork
must be done under the personal supervision of a competent foreman, and any damage
occurring through faulty formwork or its incorrect removal shall be made good by the
Contractor at his own expense.

After removal of formwork, all projections, fins, etc.. on the concrete surface shall be
chipped off, good to the requirements of the Engineer. Any voids or moneycombing shall
be treated as described under “Faulty Concrete”.

F.52 Stripping Formwork

All formwork shall be removed without undue vibration or shock and without damage to the
Concrete. No formwork shall be removed without the prior consent of the Engineer. The
Contractor shall notify the Engineer of his intended removal of any formwork at least two
days in advance. The minimum periods that shall elapse between the placing of the
concrete and the striking of the formwork will be as follows:

Beam sides, walls and columns (unloaded) 2 days

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 Slab soffits (props left under) 3 days

Beam soffits (props left under) 7 days

Removal of props to: (partly subject to 7 days concrete cube

Strength being satisfactory)

Slabs 10 days

Beams 14 days

Cantilever beams and slabs 28 days

In continuous spanning slabs or beams, no span shall be depropped until the adjoining
spans have been cast and cured for the specified periods.

Stripping and re-propping will not be permitted. The striking times indicated herein are for
normal conditions and shall be adjusted if:

a) The span of the structural member under consideration exceeds 6.0m for beam.
Additional period of one day for each 500mm of additional span shall then be
allowed.

b) The dead load of the structural member under consideration forms a large
proportion of the total design load.

c) The setting of the concrete has been retarded for any reason.

d) Any combination of the above points and other consideration which would call for
such a precaution to be taken.

In any case, props shall be left in place in the lower two consecutive floors over which
construction loads are expected to be supported.

F.53 Surface Finishes

Fair Face Finish

Where fair face finish is specified the concrete shall be brought to a perfectly true smooth
and even surface by rubbing with carborandum stone dipped in cement grout. Such work
must be commenced within one hour of removing the formwork and be actively and rapidly
pursued until completed, the object being to complete the finish as soon as possible after
the removal of the shuttering. On no account may such work be postphone to a later stage
in the Contract. Fair face surfaces shall be clean, smooth, even true to form and free from
all board marks. Joint marks, honeycombing, pitting etc. The Contractor is permitted at his
own expense to provide smooth lining to the forms which will achieve the required finish
without rubbing down. All rubbed down work must be lightly washed with plain cold water
at the completion of the Contract, and hot before the cement grout used in the finish is at
least four weeks old after initial mixing.

Wrought Lines Formwork

The shuttering shall be constructed of wrought tongued and grooved boarding, plywood or
blackboard lined with approved laminated plastic sheeting to produce a concrete surface
with truly flat surface completely free from all air bubbles. Joints marks, honeycomb and
other bittances and blemishes to the approval of the Engineer.

Should the Contractor desire to use alternative materials he should submit his proposals to
the Engineer for approval.

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Should the Contractor fail to obtain approval and the Engineer subsequently rejects the
work, the Contractor will at his own expense carry out all work necessary to attain the
approval of the same.

Tamped Finish

Areas so specified shall be finished at the time of casting with a tamped finish to the
Engineer’s approval produced by an edge board. Board marks are to be made to a true
pattern and will generally be at right angles to the traffic flow. Haphazard or diagonal
tamping will not be accepted.

Board Marked Finish

Where so directed or measured the finish shall be that of a board marked pattern panels,
the boards shall be arranged vertically and of widths and sizes all as detailed on the
drawings. All exposed concrete will be left unpainted and therefore every care and
attention shall be paid to obtain a satisfactory visual appearance and that maintenance of
the same throughout the building operation. The finished surfaces shall be free from blow
holes, hungry patches and other blemishes, and a sample panel is to be provided and
approved by the Engineer before work commences.

Unless otherwise specified, the wormwork shall be rip sawn softwood to the Engineer’s
approval and shall have a sufficiently strong grain to impart a corresponding pattern on the
concrete surface. Unless otherwise approved it shall have four uses only and shall be
carefully cleaned from adhering grout after each use. It shall be lightly oiled with an
approved non-staining mould oil.

Vertical Ribbed Finish

Unless otherwise specified, vertical ripped finish to walls shall comprise 50 x 50mm
concrete projections at 450mm centres cast vertically on the face of wall. All surfaces are
to be as described under “Wrought Formwork”.

Diagonal Ribbed Finish

Unless otherwise specified, ribbed finish to walls shall comprise 50 x 25mm deep concrete
projections at 100mm centres cast at 45 degree angle to the vertical on face of wall. All
surfaces are to be described under “Wrought Formwork”.

Chisel Dressed Finish

Where specified a chisel dressed finish is to be carried out on any grade of concrete out
not until it is at least 30 days old. The surfaces are to be fully chisel dressed to remove a
maximum of 12mm (average 9mm) of the surface to expose the aggregate without
excessive cracking or breaking thereof.

Where the drawings show details of arises of columns, beams etc. these are to be
performed with timber fillets set in the formwork and care must be taken in working up to
those to preserve a clean line. For vertical surfaces of walls and columns, particular care
must be taken to remove all sharp projections. For beam soffits this requirement is not
necessary.

All chisel dressed surfaces are to have the margins chisel pressed by hand for a minimum
width of 75mm commencing from the fillet edge. Thereafter mechanical chisel dressing
may be used but the Contractor must ensure that a uniform texture and even plan surface
is achieved. The use of pointed steel tools for both hand and mechanical chisel dressing is
essential. Upon completion the surfaces are to thoroughly wire brushed and washed down
and protected during the course of construction from damage, dirt, cement grout etc.

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F.54 Precast Concrete

General

Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer, all precast concrete construction shall be
carried out on the Site and shall conform to requirements given elsewhere in these
preambles.

The maximum size of coarse aggregate concrete shall not exceed 20mm except for
thickness less than 75mm where it shall not exceed 10mm.

The compacting of precast concrete shall conform with requirements given elsewhere in
these preambles except for thin slabs where use of immersion type vibrators is not
practicable. The concrete in these slabs may be consolidating on a vibrating table or by
any other methods approved by the Engineer.

Steam curing of precast concrete will be permitted. The procedure for steam curing shall
be subject to the approval of the Engineer.

The precast work shall be made under cover and shall remain under the same for seven
days. During this period and for a further seven days the concrete shall be shielded by
sacking or other approved materials kept constantly wet. It shall then be stacked in the
open for at least a further seven days to season before being set in position. Where steam
curing is used these times may be reduced subject to the approval of the Engineer.

Precast concrete units shall be constructed in individual forms. The method of handing the
precast concrete units after casting, during curing and during transport and erection shall
be subject to the approval of the Engineer, providing that such approval shall not relieve
the Contractor of responsibility for damage to precast concrete units resulting from
careless handling.

Repair of damage to the precast concrete units, except for minor abrasions of the edges
which will not impair the installation and/or appearance of the units will not be permitted
and the damaged units shall be replaced by the Contractor at his own expense.

Except where precast work is described as “fair face” or as having “exposed aggregate” or
terrazzo finish the moulds shall be made of suitable strong sawn timber true in form to the
shapes required. Unless otherwise described faces are to be left rough from the sawn
moulds.

Where precast work is described as “fair face” the moulds are to be made of metal or are to
have metal or plywood linings or are to be other approved moulds which will produce a
smooth dense fair face to the finished concrete suitable to receive a painted finish direct
and free from all shutter marks, holes, pittances, etc. In his prices for such precast work
the Contractor shall include for all rubbing down to produce the finish required to the
satisfaction and approval of the Engineer. Where precast work is to have an “exposed
aggregate” or terrazzo finish the moulds shall be constructed to the requirements given for
moulds “finished fair” work. The method of achieving the exposed aggregate finish shall be
aggregate transfer” or other approved method.

F.55 Precast Concrete Cladding Units

These shall be cast to the general details shown on the drawings. The Contractor shall
submit working/shop drawings for each type of the cladding panels to the Engineer for
approval before he commences casting operations.

The panels shall be cast in special yards and shall be cured adequately before being
hoisted into position in the structure, taking care that no parts are broken in the process.

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 The units shall then be joined together with insitu concrete and flexibility connected to the
top and bottom beams to allow for limited movement of the combined unit.

F.56 Hollow Block Suspended Construction (Composite Floor Slab)

Concrete hollow blocks for use in the composite floor slabs shall be of the standard sizes
required or as shown on the drawings and are to be of adequate strength to support the
concrete during placing and consolidation by vibration. Blocks are to be manufactured in
accordance with the procedure specified in B.S. 6073 and to be of a mix not weaker that
1:4:8 cement: sand: stone using maximum 10mm size aggregate.

Concrete blocks are to be cured for at least 28 days before use on the site. During the first
seven days of curing, blocks are to be kept permanently damp and protected from
exposure to sun and wind.

Concrete blocks are to be well wetted before the pouring of cement.

Hollow clay filler blocks for use in the composite floor slabs are to be of the sizes shown on
the drawings and to be of adequate strength to support the concrete during placing and
consolidation by vibration. They shall be obtained from an approved manufacturer. Before
any orders are places, at least 6 sample clay blocks shall be provided for the approval of
the Engineer. Any clay blocks subsequently delivered to site which ion the opinion of the
Engineer are not of equal standard to the approved samples shall be rejected.

Rejected blocks shall immediately be removed from the site and shall not be used in the
works. Clay blocks are to be fully cured before delivery or use on site.

Clay blocks are to be well wetted before pouring of concrete.

F.57 Composite Floor Construction

The hollow block floor construction is generally to be as shown on the Engineer’s

Drawings.

Care shall be taken in placing blocks to ensure that they are set out in accordance with the
details shown on the Drawings and that they run truly in line without encroaching on the
width of the insitu ribs.

The open ends of hollow blocks, if adjacent to concrete to be placed insitu are to be
plugged or stopped to prevent the concrete from flowing into the void and the Contractor is
to include for this in his prices.

The Contractor should note that slip tiles are not to be used to the Soffits if ribs and he is to
take this into consideration in pricing the items of formwork to the soffit of hollow block floor
construction. Before concreting is carried out the blocks are to be thoroughly wetted.

Care should be taken during concreting that the width of ribs between the rows of blocks
and the solid insitu concrete shown on the Drawings adjacent to supporting beams is not
encroached upon by the blocks.

It is essential that the concrete topping be poured at the same time as the ribs between
hollow blocks

Reinforcement shall be positioned accurately with required cover in accordance with the
drawings and using the particular spacing blocks with wire ties as previously described.
Spacer blocks shall be provided in ribs at not more than 0.2 m Centres. Care must be
taken during concreting that the reinforcement is not displaced.

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 Where holes or services occur, the necessary holes or pockets shall be accommodated by
the replacing of a hollow block or insitu concrete or the widening of a rib all in accordance
with the Engineer’s instructions.

prices for such holes through block construction are to include the rearrangement or
substitution of the hollow block with solid concrete in addition to the actual formation of the
hole.

F.58 Concrete Surface Beds

Before placing concrete and where specified or shown on the Drawings a layer of 1000
gauge polythene or diothene sheeting shall be laid on the blinding above the hard core
filling. Minimum 300mm laps shall be provided at all joints.

The concrete shall be placed as soon as possible after being mixed. In transporting the
concrete, adequate precautions shall be taken to avoid damage to the prepared base. The
concreting shall be spread to such a thickness that when compacted it shall have the
finished thickness as specified or whom on the Drawings. A layer of concrete 25mm less
than the finished thickness shall first be spread and struck off at the correct level to receive
the top fabrics reinforcement.

The top layer shall then be added. Not more than 30 minutes shall elapse between
spreading the bottom layer and the start of compaction of the top layer. The Contractor
shall be responsible for maintaining the reinforcement in its correct position during the
placing and compaction of the concrete. The compaction and finishing of the concrete
shall be effected by immersion vibrators and a hand or mechanical tamper weighing not
less than 10kg per meter run and having a edge shod with a steel strip 75mm wide fixed to
a tamper by countersunk screws. Immersion vibrator width “spade” attachments will be
permitted. Compaction shall be continued until a dense, scaled surface finish is achieved.
Overcompaction causing an excessive amount of fines to be brought to the surface shall
be avoided.

- The level shall be within + or – 6mm of the levels

- The falls shall be within 10% of the falls specified

- The smoothness shall be such that departures from a 5mm straight edge laid in
any direction shall not exceed 3mm.

- Minor irregularities shall be made good by the use of a steel float but in no
circumstances shall mortar be used to make good the surface.

As soon as the surface has been finished, it shall be protected against top-rapid drying by
means of damp Hessian, white polythene sheeting or other approved means placed
carefully on the surface and kept damp and in position for 7 days and the concrete shall be
kept wet for a further 21 days. The most critical period is the first 48 hours after placing
and curing during that time shall be very thorough.

The Contractor is to obtain the Engineer’s approval to the material and method he
proposes to use for curing and no concreting will be permitted until sufficient such material
is on site.

Forms shall not be removed from freshly placed concrete until it is at least 24 hours old.
Care shall be taken that in their removal no damage is done to the concrete but should any
damage occur the Contractor shall be responsible for making it good.

F.59 Expansion Joints in Concrete Surface Beds

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Expansion joints shall be positioned and constructed as shown on the drawings. The joints
in the surface beds shall be absolutely square and true to line and position.

All joints in surface beds shall be formed to the patterns and shapes to coincide exactly
with the joints in the surface finish or as otherwise indicated on the drawings. Formork
shall be manufactured from steel of heavy angle section and be to the Engineer’s approval.
The Contractor shall submit drawings of the forms he intends to use and obtain the
Engineer’s approval before fabrication. Panels shall be poured in alternate bays as agreed
with the Engineer. No construction joints other than those indicated on the Drawings shall
be submitted.

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WALLING

LIST OF CLAUSES

MATERIALS

G.1 Cement
G.2 Lime
G.3 Sand
G.4 Water
G.5 Concrete Block
G.6 Hollow Clay Blocks
G.7 Louver Block Walling
G.8 Stone
G.9 Multi-Coloring Stone Walling
G.10 Fire Bricks
G.11 Wall Reinforcement
G.12 Wall ties
G.13 Damp-proof Courses

WORKMANSHIP

G.14 Cement Mortar

G.15 Mixing of Mortar
G.16 General Construction
G.17 Building Walling
G.18 Reinforced Walls
G.19 Wall ties
G.20 Fair Face
G.21 Pointing
G.22 Holes, Cutting and Chasing

Page 98 of 193
 MATERIALS

G.1 Cement

Cement used for making mortar shall be as described in “concrete work”.

G.2 Lime

The lime for making mortar shall be obtained from an approved source and shall comply
with BS 890 Class A for non-hydraulic lime. The lime to be run to putty in an approved
lined pit or container. The water to be first run into the pit or container and the lime to be
added until it is completely submerged, stirred vigorously until all lumps are disintegrated
and shall be kept constantly covered with water and regularly stirred for at least four
weeks. The resulting milk-lime then to be run through a fine sieve and run into a pit or
other container and kept clean and moist for not less than two weeks being used in the
works.

G.3 Sand

Sand used for making mortar shall be clean, well graded siliceous sand of good sharp hard
quality equal to samples which shall be deposited with and approved by the Architect. It
shall be free from lumps of stone, earth, loam, dust, salt, organic matter and other
deleterious substances, passed through a fine sieve and washed with clean water if so
directed by the Architect.

G.4 Water

Shall be as described in “Concrete work”.

G.5 Concrete Blocks

Concrete blocks shall comply with the requirements of B.S.2028, 1384 except where
amended or extended by the following clause. Blocks shall have square arises and
corners. For fair-faced work damage to arises and corners shall not exceed the removal of
6mm of the blocks depth or thickness.

Concrete blocks shall have a minimum crushing strength of 3.5N/mm except when below
the damp course level or in contact with soil hen they shall have a minimum crushing
strength of 7N/mm. Unless noted otherwise on drawings. Hollow concrete blocks shall not
be used below the damp course level or in contact with soil.

Concrete blocks used for external walls shall be Class ‘A’ and for internal load bearing
walls they shall be at least Class ‘B’. Class ‘C’ blocks shall only be used for non-load
bearing.

No precast blocks shall be incorporated into the works unless approved by the Architect.
The delivery of precast blocks from which samples tested do not comply with this
specification shall be deemed defective. Any work constructed with blocks from which
samples tested do not comply with this specification shall be deemed to be defective.

From every 1,000 precast concrete blocks delivered to site, ten block samples shall be
provided for testing. The precast block samples shall be selected in accordance with B.S.
2028, 1364. Samples of precast concrete blocks for testing shall be tested for the following
properties in accordance with the methods given in B.S.2028,1364 and the test results
shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 2018, 1364 except where amended by this
specification:

a) Drying Shrinkage

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 b) Compressive strength or transverse breaking load (as applicable)

c) Wetting expansion*

d) Density

e) Dimensional Tolerance

f) Cavity size

*Test only applicable for concrete blocks made with clinker aggregate.

Blocks shall also be tested to determine the suction rate. The test shall consist of weighing
the bloc, placing in a tray of water such that only 3mm of the block side is immersed for a
period of sixty seconds +/- 2 seconds: quickly wiping off excess water and reweighing. He
suction rate is the increase in weight due to water absorbed and shall not exceed 2kg/m
minute. Blocks which have suction rate exceeding 2kg/m/minute may be used if the
Contractor uses an approved water reactive aggitive in the mortar or can show that the
blocks are wetted such that the blocks will have a suction rate not exceeding 2kg/m/minute
for a period of 24 hours from being laid and provided the blocks simply with all other
requirements.

Concrete blocks shall be stacked on prepared dry areas free of clinker, ashes and sulphate
bearing strata. Blocks of different strengths shall be stacked separately and clearly
marked to differentiate the strengths.

Blocks shall not be used for a minimum of 7 days after manufacture and shall not be
loaded for at least 14 days after laying. For the first 7 days after manufacture, blocks shall
be cured by maintaining in a damp condition, e.g. covering with polythene sheeting after
wetting blocks.

G.6 Hollow Clay Blocks

Hollow clay partition blocks shall comply with the provisions of B.S.1190 Section 1 and are
to be hard, well burnt true to size and shape and with sharp arises and keyed faces and
joints and are to be obtained from a approved manufacturer and to be equal in every
respect to a sample to be deposited with and approved by the Architect.

Blocks are to be 190mm high (to give 200mm course height including the joint) and of the
thickness given herein. Cutting of blocks is to be avoided wherever possible and full use is
to be made of quarter, half and three quarter blocks and blocks with conduit recesses.

G.7 Louvre Block Walling

i) To be precast concrete mix 1:1:5:5 or 25N/mm (12mm aggregate) but with 10mm
finished fair on all exposed surfaces, built in cement and sand (1:5) mortar with straight
horizontal and vertical joints to flush pointed both sides.
ii) Each block to be size 200mm x 400mm x 200mm high and consisting of two ends
each 200mm x 200mm x 50mm thick joined with a 50mm thick twice cranked louvre
with top end of louvre projecting 40mm above top of block.

G.8 Stone

All stone shall comply with the requirements of CP 121.202 for masonry and rubble walls
respectively except where amended or extended by the following clauses.

Unless otherwise noted, allmasonry walls shall be coursed squared rubble walling with
mortar joints.

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 The sizes of stones for rubble walling shall be such that the length of stone does not
exceed three times its height. For course squared rubble walls blocks shall not exceed
300mm in height and shall be not less than 150mm in height.

Where snacked rubble walls are specified, the sneaks shall not be less than 100mm
square on the exposed face.

Stone for masonry shall have a minimum compressive strength of 10N/MM. (Stone shall
not be required to be tested to failure). The density of stone for masonry shall be not less
than 230kg/m. The drying shrinkage of stone shall not exceed 0.05%.

Samples of stone provided for testing shall be tested for the following in accordance with
the methods given in B.S. 2028, 1364 and the test results shall comply with the
requirements of this specification:

a) Compressive strength

b) Density

c) Drying shrinkage

The colour and texture of stone shall be uniform and consistent. Prior to delivering any
tone to site, the Contractor shall supply the Architect with a sample of stone in order that he
may approve the colour and texture. The Contractor shall ensure that sufficient suitable
stone is available for the whole of the project prior to ordering the stone.

Where cast stone including stone described as artificial stone, reconstructed stone, etc. is
specified the stone shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 1217.

Masonry shall be of stone having no irregular faces and only the back face if not visible
shall be left as from the saw.

Prior to ordering dry stone the Contractor shall demonstrate that the stone is durable. This
may be done by supplying details of buildings constructed with stone from the same quarry
and which has been exposed to the same environmental condition for at least ten years.

The maximum projection from the face of stone rubble walls shall be 20mm beyond the
specified face of the wall.

The Contractor shall provide six samples of stone measuring 150mm x 150mm for testing
prior to delivering any stone to site. As work proceeds the Contractor shall provide six
samples 150mm x 150mm x 150mm for testing from every 300m of work.

All stone shall be stacked on prepared dry area free of clinker, ashes and sulphate bearing
strate.

G.9 Multi-Colouring Stone Walling

Stone for multi-coloured stone walling shall have at least three distinct colours but shall in
any case be to the approval of the Architect. A sample panel of walling shall be built and
on approval of the Architect will be the minimum standard for the works.

G.10 Fire Bricks

Clay fire bricks shall be obtained from an approved source and shall be hard, sound,
square and clean, well burnt and in respect of size shall comply with B.S. 3921 : 1974
Section 2.

G.11 Wall Reinforcement

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 Where described walls and partitions shall be reinforced with a 25mm wide strip of No.20
S.W.G. hoop iron built in alternate horizontal joints in the wall centre. The reinforcement
shall be lapped and hooked at running joints, angles and intersections and carried at least
115mm into abutting walls at junctions.

G.12 Wall Ties

To be 3mm diameter galvanized mild steel wire twisted butterfly wall ties.

G.13 Damp-Proof Courses

The bituminous felt sheeting for damp-proof courses shall be Hessian based bituminous
felt complying with B.S. 743 Type 4A weighing not less than 3.85kgs per square metre.
The sheeting is to be lapped 150mm at running joints and the full width of walls at angles.

WORKMANSHIP

G.14 Cement Mortar

Mortar described as cement mortar 1:4 shall be composed of 1 cubic metre (1498 kgs.) of
Portland Cement and 4 cubic metres of sand. Other mixes such as 1:3, 1:5 etc shall be
similarly constructed.

G.15 Mixing of Mortar

The constituent materials shall be measured separately when dry in specially prepared
gauge boxes of sizes to give the proportions specified without consideration of the contents
by ramming and shaking. The mortar shall be mixed in an approved power driven mixer for
not less than two minutes per patch and using the minimum quantity of water necessary to
obtain a working consistency. The mixer shall be used within 30 minutes of mixing. No
partially or wholly set mortar will be allowed to be used or re-mixed.

G.16 General Construction

a) Setting Out

The Contractor shall provide proper setting out roads and set out all work on some
for course, openings, heights etc., and shall build the walls, piers etc., to the widths,
depths and heights indicated on the Drawings and as directed by the Architect.

b) Building in Wood Frames

Openings for doors, ventilators etc., are to be set out and left unbuilt until the wooden
frames have been fixed in position.

c) Building in Metal Windows and Doors

Openings for metal frames are to be wide enough for the frames to fit without being
forced into position. Build the lugs into the joints of the walling and fill in the space
between the walling and frame with cement mortar well tamped into the channel of
the frames and point all round externally.

All frames must be set plump and level and free from twist.

d) Walls to Receive Plaster & Similar Finishes

All faces of walls to be plastered etc., to have all projections dressed off and joints raked
out as key.
Page 102 of 193
G.17 Building walling

a) Laying and Jointing

All blocks shall be well wetted before being laid and the top of walling where left of
shall be well wetted before commencing building. Walls to be kept wet three days
after building. All walls throughout the works shall be carried up evenly in 200mm
courses except where courses of less depth are required to bring walling up to level
of floors, windows and the like and where otherwise described, no part being
allowed to be carried up more than one metre higher at one time than any other
part and in such cases the joining shall be made in long steps so as to prevent
cracks arising and all walls shall be leveled round at each stage. Not more than 3
metre height of wall shall be laid in any one day.

Blocks shall be bedded and jointed in cement mortar as described with beds and
joints 10mm thick, all flushed up and grouted solid as the work proceeds.

b) Bonding

The block shall be properly bonded together and in such manner that no vertical joint in
any course shall be within 115mm of a similar joint in the courses immediately
above and below. All walling of 300mm thickness or less shall be built in single
thickness of blocks. Walling exceeding 300mm in thickness shall be built with
through bounders not more than 1070mm apart in each course as directed by the
Architect.

Alternate courses of walling at all angles and intersections shall be carried through
the full thickness of the adjoining wall. All perpends, reveals and other angles of
the walling shall be built strictly true and square.

c) Tolerance

All courses of walls shall be level with a maximum deviation of +/-3mm in any one
metre length and a maximum overall deviation of 10mm for length of wall exceeding
3 metres. Walls shall be plumb with a maximum deviation of +/-3mm in any metre
height of wall with a maximum deviation of +/-10mm in the total height of the wall of
any storey.

All corners of walls which are shown as being at right angles shall be square with a
maximum deviation of 3 in 1000. All walls shall be straight with a maximum
deviation of +/-3mm in any one metre length and a maximum overall deviation of
10mm in any length exceeding 3 metres.

All bed and vertical joints shall be an average of 10mm thick with a maximum
deviation of +/-3mm of blockwork and stone rubble walls. Joints for stone masonry
walls shall be 6 mm +/-1mm thick.

d) Curing

All walls shall be maintained in a damp condition for at least 24 hours after laying.
Walls under construction shall be dampened by applying water with a brush and no
hosing directly on to the wall shall be permitted. When work ceases on any section
of wall polythene or hessian shall be draped over the wall for at least 24 hours. If
hessian is used, it shall be maintained continuously wet.

e) Cavities

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 Cavity walls shall be of the overall thickness shown on the drawings.

Cavities above ground level between leaves of block or masonry shall be free of
mortar droppings or other debris. The Contractor shall take proper precautions to
prevent mortar or debris entering the cavity.

Cavities below ground level shall be filled with mortar for cavities up to 75mm wide
and for cavities over 75mm wide filling shall be concrete mix 1:3:6. Cavities shall
be filled such that there is maximum of three times the thickness of the thinner leaf
of the wall filled with wet mortar or concrete unless the wall is continuously
supported for the depth.

f) Backfilling

Earth backfilling against walls shall be carried out such that the level of the backfill
is always equal on each side of the wall.

When a wall has filling material on one side only to a fill width of more than three
times the wall thickness, the wall shall be continuously supported during backfilling.

Backfilling shall not be carried out until at least seven days have elapsed since the
laying of the blocks or stone.

G.18 Reinforced Walls

Steel reinforcing bars in walls shall be carefully placed and spacers used to ensure that a
minimum of 20mm cover is given to the reinforcement unless otherwise specified.

Horizontal reinforcement in mortar joints shall be laid such that the reinforcement is not in
contact with the blocks or stone.

G.19 Wall Ties

Wall ties shall be provided to connect walls to steel or Concrete columns and beams to
connect two unbounded leaves of wall.

wall ties shall be provided at 450mm centres both vertically and 900mm centres
horizontally and shall be staggered when used to connect two leaves of unbounded wall.
wall ties shall be embedded into each material by a minimum of 50mm

G.20 Fair Face

All concrete and hollow blockwork described as finished with a fair face is to be built to a
true and even face with the joints finished as specified hereinafter.

G.21 Pointing

Pointing of walls shall be prepared for painting by raking out all loose or friable material to
a minimum of 15mm to form a square recess. The joints shall then be wetted and new
mortar shall be forced into the joints and finished as directed.

G.22 Holes, Cutting and Chasing

a) All putlog holes shall be not less than one course deep and carefully filed with a
block cut to fit size of opening with beds and joints filled with mortar well tamped in
after scaffolding is removed, and if in faced walls to match facing.

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b) Where walling is cut, holed or chased for conduits, pipes and the like all such
cuttings etc., shall be filled in with cement mortar (1:4) prior to the application of
finishes.

Page 105 of 193

ASPHALT WORK

LIST OF CLAUSES

GENERALLY

J.1 Approved firm

J.2 Samples

J.3 Statement as to screed and underbed

J.4 Guarantee

MATERIALS

J.5 Asphalt for tanking

J.6 Asphalt for roofing

J.7 Felt underlay

J.8 Rubbing sand

WORKMANSHIP

J.9 Preparation of surfaces

J.10 Melting asphalt on site

J.11 Dusting of buckets

J.12 Laying

J.13 Air pockets and stains

J.14 Joints and fillets

J.15 Outlets

J.16 Felt underlay

J.17 Test for falls

J.18 Protection

GENERALLY

J.1 Approved firm

All work shall be executed by a firm approved by the Architect in writing.

J.2 Samples

The Contractor shall, as and when required by the Architect, submit and deliver samples of
any materials for testing.
Page 106 of 193
J.3 Statement as to screed and underbed

The Contractor is to obtain from the Sub-Contractor a statement in writing to the effect that
the screed and/or underbed is clean and otherwise satisfactory before the coverings or
asphalt are laid. A copy of the statement is to be forwarded to the Architect.

J.4 Guarantee

The Contractor is to obtain from the approved Sub-Contractor for asphalt work, a written
guarantee and undertaking to the effect that during a period of twelve calendar months
from and after the certified date of completion of the whole of the works, such Sub-
Contractor shall, at his own expense, make good to the satisfaction of the Architect all and
any defects in the asphalt work which shall be attributable to improper materials or faulty
workmanship, and shall bear the cost of any consequential damage as is provided for in
such guarantee.

MATERIALS

J.5 Asphalt for Tanking

Asphalt for Tanking shall be Tropicalised Mastic Asphalt to B.S. 1097/1966 applied in three
coats; in the case of horizontal work on and including sheeting felt, in the case of vertical
work without. The third and final coat is to have a polished finish.

J.6 Asphalt for Roofing

Asphalt for roofing shall be tropicalised and comply with B.S. 988 table 3, column 2.

J.7 Felt Underlay

The underlay shall be impregnated flax black sheathing felt complying with B.S. 747 (TYPE
4a) (I) weighing 17kg per 25 metres roll.

J.8 Rubbing sand

Rubbing sand shall be clean natural coarse sand.

J.9 Preparation of Surfaces

All surfaces to receive asphalt are to be dry, rough and finished to the requirements and to
the entire satisfaction of the asphalt Sub-Contractor.

J.10 Melting Asphalt on Site

Asphalt blocks shall be broken into pieces of convenient size and carefully melted in
caldron or mechanically agitated mixers on the site at a temperature not exceeding
215deg.C., (420 deg.F), or the molten material may be delivered to the site in mechanically
agitated mixers.

J.11 Dusting of Buckets

Buckets used for carrying molten asphalt shall be dusted with a fine inert dust. On no
account shall ashes or oil be used or this purpose.

J.12 Laying

Asphalt shall be laid in bays generally not exceeding 2 metres wide, and succeeding coats
shall be laid breaking joint. Junctions and fillets shall be properly married, the laid asphalt
Page 107 of 193
 being heated by the application of hot metrial, whole being worked so that the joints are
neatly made.

Surfaces of roofing shall be finished with rubbing sand, which shall be subsequently
brushed off and the whole surfaces
made perfectly clean.

J.13 Air Pockets and Stains

Air pockets and stains on the asphalt will not be permitted and the finished asphalt work
shall not ring hollow over any parts of its surfaces.

J.14 Joints and Fillets

Joints in all asphalt work shall be carefully made and complete fusion obtained to make
them water-tight. Fillets shall be run at all internal angles and in at least two operations.
Perfectly water-tight joints shall be made a around pipes passing through walls and floor
and around gullies, etc.

J.15 Outlets

All outlets to be fixed 25mm below finished screed level.

The Contractor must ensure that all necessary plumbing, outlet, etc., pipes passing
through roofs are fixed in position before laying asphalt is commenced.

J.16 Felt Underlay

Felt underlay shall be laid loose with 75mm laps.

J.17 Test for Falls

To ensure that asphalt has been truly laid to falls, (minimum 40mm in 3 metres), the
Contractor shall arrange for roof areas to be flushed with water in the presence of the
Architect. Any defects or depressions in the asphalt shall be rectified and retested for
approval.

J.18 Protection

The Contractor is to take all necessary precautions to ensure that no damage is caused to
the tanking or roofing after its completion, by further building work, excessive traffic or any
other cause whatsoever.

Page 108 of 193

 ROOFING

LIST OF CLAUSES

SLATE OR TILE ROOFING

K.1 Polythene underlay

K.2 Bituminous felt underlay
K.3 Mangalore clay roof tiles
K.4 Mareba Concrete roof tiles
K.5 Manson Hart concrete roof tiles
K.6 Clay pantile roofing
K.7 Examine roof covering

CORRUGATED OR TROUGHED SHEET ROOFING

K.8 Sheet roofing generally

K.9 Steel sheet and aluminum sheet roofing
K.10 asbestos cement sheet roofing

TIMBER SHINGLE ROOFING

K.11 Roof coverings

BITUMINOUS FELT ROOFING

K.12 Approved Sub-Contractor

K.13 Guarantee
K.14 Samples
K.15 Preparation of surfaces
K.16 Pipes to be laid before hand
K.17 Built up roofing
K.18 Air pockets and stains
K.19 Tests for falls
K.20 Protection

COLAS BITUMINOUS ROOFING

K.21 Approved firm

K.22 Samples
K.23 Statement as to screed and underbed
K.24 Guarantee
K.25 Materials generally
K.26 Preparation of surfaces
K.27 Laying generally
K.28 Air pockets and stains
K.29 Joints and fillets
K.30 Outlets
K.31 Tests for falls
K.32 Protection

TILE ROOFING

K.1 Polythene underlay

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 To be 1000 gauge black polthene sheeting laid paralled to the eaves with 300mm
horizontal and 600mm vertical laps, pulled taut and nailed at not exceeding 300mm centres
to roof timbers under. At hips lay and fix 600 mm wide strip to overlap general underlay: at
valleys lay and fix similar strips to underlap general underlay.

Nails to be 20mm long galvanised steel large headed felt nails.

K.2 Bituminous felt underlay

Bituminous felt underlay to ridges etc., to be self finished felt weighing not less than 14 kgs.
Per 10 square metres with 600mm laps at joints and nailed with galvanised steel nails as
above.

K.3 Mangalore clay roof tiles

To be 380mm x 225mm tiles of approved quality uniform in size, shape and colour, hard,
well burnt and free from defects. All ridges and other special tiles must be from the same
manufacturer and must match the tiles with which they are laid.

All tiles are to be laid to the correct gauge on treated sawn timber battens, each slope of
the roof being set out to take an exact number of whole tiles without any cutting at ends
and with straight joints true from top to bottom.

The top and bottom courses, every fifth course and verge tiles to be nailed using 50mm
galvanised nails.

At verges special left hand verge tiles are to be used.

Ridge and hip tiles to be bedded and jointed in cement mortar (1:4) and pointed in mortar
coloured to attach the tiles. Angles and intersections to be accurately cut and rubbed to
form a neat close joint.

Valleys are to be neatly cut to an accurate edge to expose not more than 75mm of the
valley gutter lining.

No cracked, chipped or otherwise broken tiles will be allowed in the works and all tiles
discoloured or defaced by mortar droppings are to be replaced at the Contractor’s
expense.

K.4 Mareba concrete roof tiles

To be 420 mm x 335 mm Double Roll Single Lap tiles obtained from Mareba Enterprises
Ltd., Nairobi, and laid and fixed in accordance with their printed instruction.

Tiles are to be in colours selected by the Architect and all ridges and other special tiles
must be from the same manufacturer and must match the tiles with which they are laid.

All tiles are to be laid to the correct gauge on treated sawn timber battens, each slope of
the roof being set out to take an exact number of whole tiles without any cutting at ends
and with straight joints true from top to bottom.

The top and bottom courses, every fifth course and verge tiles to be nailed using 50mm
galvanised nails.

At verge special left hand verge tiles are to be sued.

Ridge and hip tiles are to be bedded in cement mortar (1:4) and visible joints pointed in
matching coloured compound obtained from the tile manufacturer.

Page 110 of 193

 Any cutting on tiles and specials shall be accurately executed with a power driven masonry
saw and any exposed raw edges coloured with compound as before described.

No cracked, chipped or otherwise broken tiles will be allowed in the works and all tiles
discoloured or defaced by mortar droppings are to be replaced at the Contractor’s
expense.

K.5 Manson Hart concrete roof tiles

To be 380 mm x 230 mm Double Roll Single Lap tiles, or 420 mm x 330 mm low pitch tiles
as described hereafter, obtained from Manson Hart (Kenya) Ltd.

Tiles are to be in colours selected by the Architect and all ridges and other special tiles
must be from the same manufacturer and must match the tiles with which they are laid.

Fixing specifications will be similar to these for Mareba Concrete Roof Tiles above.

K.6 Clay pantile roofing

Clay Pantile shall be 345 mm x 245 mm, bedded in cement and sand (1:4) mortar to
270mm gauge with 75mm end laps and 50 mm side laps. The tiles shall be mitred on two
diagonally opposite corners in order that the tiles bed true.

Ridges shall be formed with half round clay ridge tiles bedded in matching cement and
sand (1:4) mortar with slip tile pieces inserted into the bedding mortar in the valleys of the
top course of tiles. A similar method of filling the ends of pantiles along the eaves course is
to be adopted.

Care is to be taken to bed the tiles in straight lines in both directions and any irregular,
warped or misshapen tiles are to be discarded and removed from site.

K.7 Examine roof coverings

Before delivering up the works, examine the roof coverings and leave the roofs clean,
watertight and drop dry.

K.8 Sheet roofing generally

All sheet coverings shall be laid away from the prevailing weather i.e. the exposed edge of
the top most sheet to be on it’s leeward side.

K.9 Steel sheet and aluminum sheet roofing

(i) Corrugated steel sheets are to conform to KS06-02 Part 1 and are to be galvanised
after formation and of the gauges specified, laid with 11/2 corrugation side laps and
150mm end laps. Sheets are to be properly stacked on battens and if kept in the
open are to be stacked inclined to facilitate run-off of rainwater.

(ii) Fixing corrugated steel sheeting is to be by means of 14 gauge drive screws in the
case of a timber roof supporting structure, and 6mm galvanised hook bolts in the
case of a steel supporting structure.

Both types of fixing to incorporate a bituminous felt washer backed by a

cranked diamond shaped aluminum
Washer immediately below the screw head or nut whichever the case may
be.

Each sheet is to have a minimum of two fixings and the holes for the bolts or
screws are to be drilled through
Page 111 of 193
 The crown of the corrugation and be of such size to give a 0.80mm
clearance on the bolt or screw.

(iii) Pre-painted roofing sheets are to be finished with coating of an approved colour
sprayed on and oven cured at the works. Care is to be taken to avoid damage to
the finish and small scratches and blemishes are to touched up on site with paint
supplied by the manufacturer of the sheets. Sheets with large scratches are to be
returned to the supplier for refinishing or are to be replaced.

(iv) Accessories are to be obtained from the same supplier as the roof sheeting and if
prepainted, are to properly match the colour of the roof sheeting.

K.10 Asbestos cement sheet roofing

(i) To be either Simbarite Super Seven, Standard Three or Romana sheet roofing as
manufactured by the Kenya Asbestos Cement Co. Ltd, P.O. Box 90662 Mombasa.
Sheets are to be stacked on a smooth, level foundation, under cover, on cross
battens, two per sheet up to 1500 mm long and three for sheets over 1500 mm.
Stacking is not to exceed 1200 mm high without battens and a maximum of 3000
mm with battens every 500 mm.

(ii) Fixing asbestos cement sheeting is to be by means of bolts, hook bolts or roofing
screws and PVC caps and washers, except Romana tiles which shall be fixed with
7 x 120 mm hexagonal head roofing screws and galvanised washers, painted to
match the colour of the tiles, all to be obtained from Kenya Asbestos Cement Co.
Ltd.

All sheets are to be drilled and no other method for forming the holes through the
crown of the corrugations will be allowed. Romana sheets should be drilled through
the 2nd and 4th crowns. Super Seven sheets should be drilled through the 2nd and
13th crowns. In all instances the crowns should be counted in the direction of
laying.

No fixing whether for a roof sheet or an accessory should be the nearer than 40 mm
to any edge of the member.

In order to provide close fitting of the sheets two diagonally opposite corners of
each sheets two diagonally opposite corners of each sheet are to be mitred. For
sheets laid from left to right, mitre the bottom right hand and top left hand corners,
and for sheets laid from right to left, mitre the bottom left hand and top right hand
corners. For Ramana tiles, the length of the mitre will be equivalent to the end lap
(150 mm) and the width equivalent to the side lap (80 mm).

(iii) All accessories are to be manufactured by Kenya Asbestos Cement Co and are to
match the system of sheeting being used.

TIMBER SINGLE ROOFING

K.11 Roof coverings

Timber shingles shall be manufactured from red cedar or such other timber as specified,
each shingle to be 405 mm long x 200 mm wide and tapering from 10mm down to 4mm in
thickness. Split shingles must be stored in a weatherproof shed, off the ground and prior to
fixing should be pre drilled and soaked in diesel oil or used engine oil three weeks prior to
being used and drained for 24 hours and then fixed.

The shingles are to be nailed with 32 mm galvanised nails to 25 x 50 mm battons fixed to

rafters at 125 mm gauge. The shingles shall be fixed with the thin edges uppermost to give
a 125mm exposed length from the bottom edge. Side laps are to be 40 mm minimum.
Page 112 of 193
 Ridges shall be constructed of alternatively but jointed shingles fixed lengthwise along the
ridge to give a 150 mm exposed length per shingle.

Eaves shall be constructed with a double eaves course laid breaking joint.

BITUMINOUS FELT ROOFING

K.12 The Contractor is required to arrange for the work to be executed complete and to the
entire satisfaction of the Architect by an approved Sub-Contractor.

K.13 Guarantee

The Contractor obtain from the approved Sub-Contractor for roofing work and deposit with
the Architect, a written guarantee and undertaking to the effect that during a period of
twelve calendar months from and after the certified date of completion of the whole of the
works such Sub-Contractor shall at his own expense make good to the satisfaction of the
Architect all and any defects in the work which shall be attributed to improper materials or
faulty workmanship and shall bear the cost of any consequential damage as shall be
provided for in such guarantee.

K.14 Samples

The Contractor shall, when required by the Architect, submit samples of any materials for
testing.

K.15 Preparation of Surfaces

All surfaces to receive roofing are to be dry, rough and finished to the requirements and to
the entire satisfaction of the Sub-Contractor from whom the Contractor shall obtain, for
submission to the Architect, a signed statement that such finish is satisfactory.

K.16 Pipes to be laid beforehand

The Contractor must ensure that all necessary plumbing, outlets, etc., and pipes, passing
through roofs are fixed in position before laying is commenced.

K.17 Built-up roofing

(i) The built-up felt roofing shall be in accordance with B.S. 747 applied to a screeded
base and shall comprise the following applications laid strictly in accordance with
the manufacturer’s printed instructions and the Code of Practice 144 of 1961.

(ii) Rolls must be transported and stored on end one roll high and adequately protected
from the sun.

(iii) One layer finish

(a) Priming Prime screed with P.F.4 primer

(b) Finishing One layer of heavy duty self finished felt

Coat (Class (1C) weighing not less than 25kgs per 10 S.M.

(c) Jointing One application of hot bituminous compound

weighing not less than 30 kgs/per 10 S.M.

(iv) Two layer finish

Page 113 of 193

 (a) Priming Prime screed with P.F.4 primer

(b) First layer One layer of heavy duty self finished felt
(Class 1B) weighing not less than 14 kgs per 10 S.M.
laid loose on prepared screed.

(iv) Two Layer finish

(c) Jointing One application of hot bituminous compound

Compound weighing not less than 30 kgs per 10 S.M.

(d) Second Layer One layer of heavy duty self finished felt
(Class 1C) weighing not less than 25 kgs. per 10 S.M.

(iii) Three layer finish

(a) Priming Prime screed with P.F.4 primer

(b) First Layer One layer of heavy duty self finished felt
(Class 1B) weighing not less than 14 kgs per 10 S.M.
laid loose on prepared screed.

(c) Jointing One application of hot bituminous compound

Compound weighing not less than 30 kgs. per 10 S.M.

(d) Second One layer of heavy duty self finished felt

(Class 1B) weighing not less than 14 kgs. per 10 S.M.

(e) Jointing As described in (c) above.

Compound

(f) Third Layer One layer of heavy duty self finished felt
(Class 1C) weighing not less than 25 kgs. per 10 S.M.

(iv) Stone chipping finish. The entire surface to be mopped with hot bituminous
compound and left overnight and followed with a layer of 6 – 12 mm white stone
chippings bedded in mastic applied to the entire area and lightly rolled.

(v) Flashings, skirtings etc., are to be painted two coats bituminsed aluminum paint on
completion.

K.18 Airpockets and stains

Air pockets and stains will not be permitted and the finished work shall not ring hollow over
any part of its surfaces.

K.19 Test for falls

To ensure that the finish has been truly laid to falls, (minimum 1:200) the Contractor shall
arrange for the roof areas to be flushed with water in the presence of the Architect. Any
defects or depressions shall be rectified and retested for approval.

K.20 Protection

The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to ensure that no damage is caused to
the roofing after completion of laying by further building operations, storage of heavy
objects, traffic or any cause whatsoever.

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 COLAS BITUMINOUS ROOFING

K.21 Approved firm

All work shall be executed by a firm approved by the Architect in writing.

K.22 Samples

The Contractor shall, as and when required by the Architect, submit and deliver samples of
any materials for testing.

K.23 Statement as to screed and underbed

The Contractor is to obtain from the Sub-Contractor a statement in writing to the effect that
the screed and/or underbed is clean and otherwise satisfactory before the covering are
laid. A copy of the statement is to be forwarded to the Architect.

K.24 Guarantee

The Contractor is to obtain from the approved Sub-Contractor a written guarantee and
undertaking to the effect that during a period of twelve calendar months from and after the
certified date of completion of the whole works, such Sub-Contractor shall, at his own
expenses, make good to the satisfaction of the Architect all and any defects in the work
which shall be attributable to improper materials or faulty workmanship, and shall bear the
cost of any consequential damage as is provided for in such guarantee.

K.25 Materials generally

All materials shall be as manufactured by Colas East AFRICA Limited.

K.26 Preparation of surfaces

All surfaces are to be dry, rough and finished to the requirements and to the entire
satisfaction of the Sub-Contractor.

K.27 Laying generally

Laying shall be entirely in accordance with Colas East Africa Limited specifications.

K.28 Air pockets and stains

Air pockets and stains will not be permitted and the finished work shall not ring hollow over
any parts of its surfaces.

K.29 Joints and fillets

Joints in the work shall be carefully made and complete fusion obtained to make them
water-tight. Fillets shall be run at all internal angles and in at least two operations.
Perfectly water-tight joints shall be made around pipes through walls and floors and around
gullies, etc.

K.30 Outlets

All outlets to be fixed 25mm below finished screed level.

The Contractor must ensure that all necessary plumbing, outlet, etc., pipes passing
through roofs are fixed in position before laying is commenced.

Page 115 of 193

K.31 Test for falls

To ensure that the finish has been truly laid to falls, (minimum 1:200,) the Contractor shall
arrange for the roof areas to be flushed with water in the presence of the Architect. Any
defects or depressions shall be rectified and retested for approval.

K.32 Protection

The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to ensure that no damage is caused to
the roofing after completion of laying by further building operations, storage of heavy
objects, traffic or any cause whatsoever.

Page 116 of 193

 CARPENTRY AND JOINERY

LIST OF CLAUSE

M.1 General

MATERIALS

M.2 Quantities of Timber

M.3 Insect Damage
M.4 Seasoning of Timber
M.5 Preparation and Protection of Timber
M.6 species of Timber
M.7 Pressure Impregnated Timber
M.8 Hardwood
M.9 Softwood
M.10 Gumpoles
M.11 Plywood
M.12 Chipboard
M.13 Blockboard
M.14 Fibreboard
M.15 Tempered Hardwood
M.16 Woodblock Floors
M.17 Timber Doors
M.18 Flush Doors
M.19 Hardwood Veneers
M.20 Laminated Plastic Veneers
M.21 Miscellaneous Materials
M.22 Nails and Screws

WORKMANSHIP

M.23 Tolerances
M.24 Jointing
M.25 Framework
M.26 Plugging
M.27 Carpentry Work
M.28 Joinery Work
M.29 Softwood
M.30 Hardwoods
M.31 Plywood
M.32 Chipboard
M.33 Blockboard
M.34 Laminated Plastic Veneer
M.35 Fixing Doors and Frames
M.36 Construction of Doors
M.37 Fittings and Fixtures
M.38 Mouldings
M.39 Circular Work
M.40 Scribing
M.41 Finish
M.42 Completion of Works
M.43 Defective Work

IRONMONGERY

M.44 Generally

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 CARPENTRY AND JOINERY

M.1 General

All woodwork shall be carried out in accordance with the drawings and the principles of first
class construction. Unless specifically stated otherwise, sizes shown on drawings are
finished sizes and the Contractor must wrot faces.

MATERIALS

M.2 Qualities of Timber

a) The qualities of timber hereinafter are in accordance with the latest Kenya
Government Grading Rules.

b) All timber described as Prime Grade is to be First Grade (Grade II).

c) All timber described as Selected Grade is to be Second Grade (Grade II).

d) All hardwood is to be Prime Grade (Grade II).

e) All timber for permanent work in the building shall before use be approved by the
Architect for quality in accordance with the foregoing specification for its respective
grade. Any timber not so approved by the Architect shall be removed from the site
forthwith.

M.3 Insect Damage

All timber, whether graded or ungraded and including shuttering, scaffolding and the like
shall be free of live borer, beetle or other insect attack when brought upon the site. The
Contractor shall be responsible up to the end of the maintenance period for executing at
his own cost all work necessary to eradicate insect attack of timber which becomes evident
including the replacement of timbers attacked, notwithstanding that the timber concerned
may have been inspected and passed as fit for use.

M.4 Seasoning of Timber

All carpentry timbers are to be seasoned to an average moisture consent of not more than
20%. All joinery timbers are to be seasoned to an average moisture content of not more
than 15%. The Contractor is to make available on site a meter for testing moisture content
of all timber delivered.

M.5 Preparation and Protection of Timber

i) All timber necessary for the works is to be purchased immediately the contract is
signed, and when delivered is to be open-stacked for such further seasoning as
may be further seasoning as may be necessary. Preparation of the timber is to be
commenced simultaneously with the commencement of the works generally.

ii) All timber and assembled woodwork is to be protected from the weather and stored
in such a way as to prevent attack by decay, fungi, termites or other insects.

M.6 Species of Timber

Only those timbers specified are to be used for the works, unless alternatives are
authorized by the Architect in writing.

M.7 Pressure Impregnated Timber

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 i) All timber described as “Pressure impregnated” shall be impregnated under
vacuum and pressure with “Celcure” or “Tanalith” wood preservative with an
average absorption of not less than 6.7kgs. of dry salt per cubic metre. In case of
resistant species where this retention cannot be obtained the timber shall be
treated to refusal point. All treated timber shall not be exposed to wet conditions for
at least 14 days after treatment has been carried out. All cut ends, drilling or
fabrications on the site producing new surfaces shall be thoroughly brushed or
soaked with “Celcure B” salts applied in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.

ii) Any other method of timber impregnation will only be allowed at the Architect’s
approval.

M.8 Hardwood

All hardwood will comply with the requirements of B.S. 1186 Part 1 and B.S. 4047. It shall
show a straight and regular grain throughout.

Hardwood shall be free from woolly texture, soft heart, sap wood, splits, shakes, all
evidence of insect or fungi attack and rot and all faults caused by compression failure.
There shall be no waney edges. Hardwood shall be free from knots on exposed faces. Any
hardwood showing visible imperfections will be rejected.

Preservatives shall not be used without the Architect’s permission where indicated on the
drawings, internal hardwoods will be treated with clear sealants as specified elsewhere.

M.9 Softwood

Softwood timber for carcassing work shall be either Podocarpus or Cypress to the approval
of the Architect and shall be to the dimensions specified on the drawing.

Timber shall be classified in accordance with the Groups listed in this Clause.

All softwood shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 1186 Part 1. Timber shall be free
from woolly texture, soft heart, sap wood, splits, shakes. Pith showing on the surface,
sopping grain exceeding one in eight checks, knots exceeding 25mm diameter, loose knot
or knot holes and any evidence of insect of fungi attack. There shall be no waney edges.

Where indicated on the drawings, the softwood will be treated with clear sealer or painted
with gloss paint.

All softwood is to be pressure impregnated against insect attack before delivery to site.
Any ends cut after treatment shall be given two liberal coats or preservative.

M.10 Gumpoles

Gumpoles shall be the species eucalyptus sligna or eucalyptus shall be of the minimum
diameters stated and shall be stripped of bark before incorporation in the works.

The Contractors attention is drawn to the lengths of the poles each of which must be in a
single length: splicing will not be allowed.

M.11 Plywood

All plywood shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 1455 be obtained from a
manufacturer to be approved by the Architect and be of the thickness shown on the
drawings.

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 Plywood shall be Exterior Grade except where otherwise stated. Plies shall be bonded
together with adhesives complying with the requirements of B.S.1203 Grade WBP.

Plywood shall be free from end joints (including joints in veneers) overlaps in core veneers,
dead knots, patches and plugs, open defects, depressions due to defects in cure, insect
attack (except isolated pinwork holes through face veneers only, fungal attack and from
discolouration differing from that normally associated with species.

Face veneers shall be hard and durable and shall be capable of being finished to a smooth
surface. Face vaneers shall closely match the general joinery timber supplied.

M.12 Chipboard

Chipboard shall be medium density wood particle board complying with B.S.2604 Part 2,
produced in factories by an approved process.

M.13 Blockboard

Blockboard shall be of approved local or imported manufacture to B.S.3444 glued

throughout and softwood or hardwood faced as hereinafter specified and equal to a sample
to be deposited with the Architect for approval and which when approved shall form the
standard for the works.

M.14 Fibreboard

Shall be insulating board to comply with B.S.1142 of the types specified and of approved
manufacture.

M.15 Tempered Hardboard

To be of approved manufacture according in all respects with B.S.1142 suitable for

painting, prepared and filed in accordance with the maker’s instruction.

M.16 Wood Block Floors

i) To be supplied and laid in 460mm x 460 mm panels of a specialist all to the

approval of the Architect.

ii) On completion and immediately prior to applying the clear finish, the surface is to
be twice machine sanded using first coarse and then fine sandpaper and brushed
perfectly clean.

M.17 Timber Doors

Doors are to be designed, manufactured and filed in accordance with the relevant British
Standards summarized below:

B.S. 476 Part 8 1972 Fire tests etc

B.S. 4787 Part 1 1972 Door dimensions etc

B.S. 1186 Part 1 1971 Quality of timber and

Workmanship

B.S. 1227 Part 1 A Hinges

B.S. 3827 Builder’s hardware –glossary

M.18 Flush Doors

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 Generally, the requirement for flush doors is that they have a minimum thickness of 40
mm. They shall be faced both sides and there will be hardwood lippings to all edges.
Hollow core and semi-solid types shall contain adequate within the core for ironmongery
(e.g. lock blocks etc).

All hollow and semi-solid doors shall be faced with WEP bonded Exterior grade plywood.

Except where indicated, doors shall have hardwood veneered faces.

Vision panels where required shall be 150 mm wide x 900 mm deep.

Flush doors shall be obtained from a supplier to be approved by the Architect. Flush doors
shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 459 part 1, 2 and 3. All edges shall be lipped
with hardwood tongued into the edge of the door.

The core of solid core flush doors shall be constructed of longitudinal laminations of
precision planed timber, butt jointed and glued with resin based adhesive under hydraulic
pressure, the whole forming a rigid fire-resistant raft.

Where doors are indicated as fire resistant they shall be constructed so as to exceed the
requirements stated when tested in accordance with B.S. 476 Part 8 (1972) Section 7.

M.19 Hardwood Vaneers

a) Veneer facings shall be selected to the approval of the Architect.

b) No glass or synthetic fibre stitching will be permitted for jointing veneer leaves
together.

c) Veneers shall be free from splits, dots, glue, stains, insect or fungi attack and rot.

d) Filling or inlaying of any kind will not be accepted.

e) All wood veneers shall be bonded to the core material in such a way that no lifting
and blistering shall occur.

M.20 Laminated Plastic Veneers

Laminated plastic veneers shall be a decorative sheet 1.6 mm thick complying with B..S.
3794 Class 1. The pattern will be selected by the Architect. The laminate shall have
decorative pattern finish on one face only. Patterns will be selected from the
manufacturer’s standard range.

M.21 Miscellaneous Materials

a) Tapered timber bellets for filling screw holes must be cut across the grain and shall
be of the colour and grain being plugged.

b) Metal fixing devices must be fully rust-proofed. Cramps, brackets, plugs, bolts etc.,
must be of a type make and pattern approved by the Architect.

c) Adhesives must be suitable for use in the local conditions and be compatible with
the materials with which they are in contact.

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M.22 Nails and Screws

Nails shall comply with B.S. 1201, screws shall comply with B.S.1494 and bolts shall
comply with B.S.916.

WORKMANSHIP

M.23 Tolerances

The method of construction must accommodate tolerances as shown on the drawings and
allow for ensuring that repetitive units can be accurately located in relation to grid lines and
that tolerances do not accumulate.

Reasonable tolerance shall be provided at all junctions between joinery and the building
carcass, whether of masonry or frame construction, so that any irregularities or movement
may be adequately compensated.

M.24 Jointing

a) All joints must be made as specified or detailed and the execution of all jointing
shall be to the satisfaction of the Architect.

b) Joining surfaces of all connections exposed to the weather are to be thickly primed
except where giving is specified. Surfaces are to be in good contact over the whole
area of the joint before fastenings re applied.

c) No nails, screws or bolts are to be placed in any end split. If splitting is likely or is
encountered in the course of the work, holes for nails are to be pre-bored at
diameters not exceeding 4/5 of the diameter of the nails. Clenched nails must be
bent at right angles to the grain. Lead holes are to be bored for all screws.

d) Where the use of bolts and washers is specified the holes are to be bored from both
sides of the timber and to be a diameter D + D/16 where D is the diameter of the
bolt. Nuts must be brought up tight but care is to be taken to avoid crushing of the
timber under the washers.

e) Joints in joinery must be as specified or detailed and so designed and secured as

to resist or compensate for any stresses to which they may be subjected. All nails,
springs etc., are to be punched and puttied.

f) Loose joints are to be made where provision must be made for shrinkage, glued
joints where shrinkage need not be considered and where sealed joints are
required. All glued joints shall be cross-tongued or otherwise reinforced.

g) Glues for load bearing joints or where conditions may be damp must be of the resin
type. For non-load bearing joints, or where dry conditions can be guaranteed, resin
or organic glues may be used.

M.25 Frame Work

The word “framed” shall mean and include all the best known methods of jointing
woodwork together by mortice, tenon, dovetail or other methods and for forming all
necessary stops, mitres or mason’s mitres in members which are moulded, rebated etc.

M.26 Plugging

Plugging and fixing to walls in all trades shall be executed by “Rawlplugging” or similar
approved proprietary methods all in accordance with the manufacturer’s printed

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 instructions. Hacking of holes and filling with timber plugs will not be permitted under any
circumstances.

M.27 Carpentry Work

a) All carpentry shall be executed with workmanship of the best quality. Scantlings
and boards shall be accurately sawn and shall be uniform in width and thickness
throughout and shall be as long as possible and practicable in order to eliminate joints.

b) All work shall be left with a sawn surface except where specified to be wrot.

c) All work shall be accurately set out and in strict accordance with the drawings and
shall be framed together and securely fixed in the best possible manner with
properly made joints. Provide all braids, nails, screws etc., s necessary and as
directed and approved.

d) Actual dimensions of scantlings for carpentry shall not vary from the specified
dimensions by more than +3mm or –1mm. Sizes and thickness of wrot carpentry
timbers are nominal, that is to say a variation of 3mm from the specified sizes will
be allowed from each wrot surface unless the thickness or size is described as
“finished” in which case no variation from the stated thickness or size will be
permitted.

M.8 Joinery work

All joinery work shall be wrot unless otherwise described.

a) Sizes and thickness of joinery are nominal that is to say a variation of 3mm from the
specified sizes will be allowed from each wrot surface unless the thickness or size
is described as “finished” in which case no variation from the stated thickness or
size will be permitted.

b) No joinery to be put in hand until the details have been supplied or approved by the
Architect and in all cases the details are to be worked to.

c) All joinery shall be executed with workmanship of the best quality in strict
accordance with the detailed drawings, mouldings shall be accurately and truly run
on the solid and all work planed, sand-papered and finished to the approval of the
Architect. All arises to be slightly rounded. All framed work shall be cut out, and
framed together as soon after the commencement of the building is ready for fixing
the same and any portions that warp, get in winding, develop shakes or other
defects shall be replaced with new. In door frames etc., the heart face of the timber
shall be fixed away from the wall. As soon as required for fixing in the building the
framing shall be glued together with glue as described and properly wedged or
pinned etc., as directed.

d) All beads, fillets and small members shall be filed with round oroval braids or nails
well punched in and stopped. All larger members shall be fixed with screws, the
screws let in and pelleted over with wood bellets to match the grain.

e) Cups and screws for fixing beads and fillets shall be spaced 150 mm and 25 mm
iron angles.

f) All joinery immediately upon delivery to the site is to be stored and protected from
the weather.

g) All joinery is to be primed before fixing but no work is to be primed until it has been
approved by the Architect.
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 h) All fixed joinery which is liable to become bruised or damaged in any way, shall be
properly cased and protected by the Contractor until completion of the works.

i) When natural finish is specified, the timber in adjacent pieces shall be matched and
uniform or symmetrical in colour and grain.

M.29 Softwood

Fixing shall be by means of non-rusting screws with countersunk heads to proprietary

plugs or grounds. Nailing will not
be permitted.

Sections shall be neatly and accurately cut so as to avoid splitting of the wood.

M.30 Hardwood

Hardwoods are as described.

In jointed panels each piece shall be of the same species.

Joinery for oiling shall have all surfaces of the same species and same character or grain.

Fixing shall be by means of brass brass screws with countersunk heads to proprietary
plugs or grounds. Where work is face screwed, heads of screws shall finish not less than
6mm below the surface and be covered with round teak pellets of appropriate thickness.
Pellets shall be chosen and fixed so as to match colour and pattern of grain so far as is
practical. Nailing will not be permitted. Sections shall be neatly and accurately cut with
fine toothed saws.

M.31 Plywood

Plywood of the required thickness shall be used. The Contractor will not be allowed to
make up thickness by glueing together sheets of thinner plywood.

Where cutting is required it shall be neatly and accurately performed with fine toothed saws
so as to avoid splitting the face veneers and intermediate plies.

M.32 Chipboard

When cutting is necessary, it shall be neatly and accurately performed with fine toothed
saws so as to avoid splitting the face veneers. Where raw edges arise from cutting these
shall be faced with a matching hardwood fillet cut pinned and glued to match factory
produced edges.

M.34 Laminated Plastic Veneer

Laminated plastic veneers are to be fixed with an approved adhesive. Care being taken to
eliminate all air from beneath the laminate on fixing. The laminate is to be free from
chipped or cracked portions and work so disfigured is to be removed and replaced. When
the adhesive is set, the laminate is to be neatly leveled off along all arises with a plane.

Where plastic laminate is fixed to doors or shelves etc., without a laminate to the outer
edge, a raised lipping is to be provided and the laminate finished flush against the lipping.

M.35 Fixing Doors and Frames

Doors shall be properly fitted to give a uniform clearance of not more than 3mm all round
and hinges shall be let into doors.
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 Door frames shall be properly framed at angles. Door stops shall be housed into grooves
in frames. Architraves shall be provided to conceal finishes. Frames shall be fixed to
grounds or plugs. Fixing shall be by means of non-rusting screws with countersunk heads.
For hardwood frames screw heads shall be finished not less than 6mm below surface of
the wood and shall be covered with matching round hardwood pellets of appropriate
thickness. Pellets shall be chosen and fixed so as to match colour and pattern of grain so
far as is practical. Nailing will not be permitted.

Except where indicated doors shall be kept clean for clear polyurethane varnish.

Door frames shall be treated to match doors.

Glazing shall be wired glass 6 mm thick with edges wrapped in washleather and secured
with hardwood glazing beads size 10mm x 15 mm mitred at angles secured with brass
screws and cubs.

M.36 Construction of Doors

a) Flush doors specified as solid construction shall have a 100% solid core of vertical
laminated Cedar of equal and approved.

b) Flush doors specified as semi-solid construction shall be constructed with timber

stiles and rails, infilled with horizontal intermediate rails spaced equally apart and
tenoned into the stiles.

c) Unless otherwise specified, doors scheduled to receive a clear or veneered finish

shall be lipped on all edges.

d) Where panels over doors are specified, such panels shall be constructed in the
same way and with the same materials as the doors above which they are situated
and the panels shall match the doors in every respect.

e) For doors specified as plywood faced, the plywood shall not be less than 3mm
thick, complying with the requirements of B.S. 1455. WBP type. Face veneers
shall be Grade 1 for painted doors.

f) All doors shall be provided with lock blocks of a minimum size 300 mm x 75 mm.

g) Glass beading strips shall be provided was leather self adhesive tape turned up
over both sides of the glass and glazing surfaces and turned up over both sides of
the glass and glazing surfaces and turned to the straight line.

h) All screws shall be countersunk and screwed and pelleted in un-painted work.

i) Timber pellets shall be glued and tapped into the hole, making sure the grains line
up and carefully trimmed back flush with joinery to give a clear, smooth overall
surface.

M.37 Fittings and Fixtures

The fittings, etc., are to be accurately constructed in accordance with the detailed
drawings. The doors, drawers, etc., are all to fit and open and close smoothly and all work
next to walls, floors and ceilings is to be soundly fixed and scribed to fit snugly against
same.

M.38 Mouldings

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 Moulded work shall be accurately worked to the full size details supplied by the Architect.
Moldings shall be worked the solid unless otherwise stated.

M.39 Circular Work

When circular work is specified is shall be built up with an appropriate number of pieces cut
to the required shapes. The pieces shall be put together in two (or three) thickness so that
they break joint, and shall be secured with hardwood keys and wedges or with hardwood
pins (whichever is more appropriate).

M.40 Scribing

Skirting, architraves, plates and other joinery works shall be accurately scribed to fit the
contour of any irregular surface against which they will be required from a close butt
connection.

M.41 Finish

All joinery which is to be oiled and painted shall be finished smooth and cleaned by rubbing
down by hand with fine glassbar.

M.42 Completion of Works

Protection of all joinery and ironmonger must be maintained until completion of the contract
as a whole.

All joinery and glass is to be thoroughly cleaned before the building is handed over.

M.43 Defective Work

All work judged to be defective must be removed and replaced as directed by the Architect.

IRONMONGERY

M.44 Generally

a) Ironmongery shall be fixed with suitable screws to match and prices shall include
for this.

b) All locks and ironmongery shall be fixed before the woodwork is painted, handles
shall be removed before the painting commences, carefully stored and refixed after
completion of painting.

c) All locks, springs and other items of ironmongery with movable parts shall be
properly tested, cleaned and adjusted where necessary to ensure proper working
order by the Contractor.

e) The keys of all locks shall have labels attached with door references marked on
before handing to the Architect.

f) All locks shall be provided with a master key system and prices shall include for this
as required by the Client and as instructed by the Architect. The client’s
requirements are to be obtained by the Contractor before ordering.

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STRUCTURAL STEELWORK

LIST OF CLAUSES

N.1 Approved Sub-Contractor

N.2 Quality of Material and Workmanship

N.3 British Standards and Codes of Practice

N.4 Tests

N.5 Fabrication

N.6 Shop and Field Connections

N.7 Assembly

N.8 Erection

N.9 Painting

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 STRUCTURAL STEEL-WORK

N.1 Approved Sub-Contractor

The whole of the structural steelwork is to be executed by a specialist Sub-Contractor who

is to be specifically approved by the Engineer and the Contractor will be required to make
arrangements for the execution of this work and bear all expenses incurred.

N.2 Quality of Material and Workmanship

The Quality of all materials and workmanship used in the execution of the works shall
comply with the requirements of current relevant British Standard and Codes of Practice,
including all the latest amendments.

N.3 British Standards and Codes of Practice

B.S. 4360 Weldable Structural Steels

B.S. 449 The use of Structural Steel in Building.

(incorporating B.S. code of Practice B.P.113 including Addendum No.1)

B.S.4 (Part 1) Hot Rolled Sections

B.S.4 (Part 2) Hot rolled Hollow Sections

B.S.2994 & 1449 Cold Formed Steel Sections

B.S. 938 General requirements for the Metal Arc

(Welding of Structural Steel Tubes to B.S. 1775. (B.S.938 will be considered
to apply to the requirements for welding of hot rolled hollow sections to B.S.
4 Part 2).

B.S.1775 Steel Tubes for Mechanical, Structural & General Engineering

Purposes.

B.S. 1856 General requirements for the Metal Arc

Welding of Mild Steel

B.S. 639 Covered Electrodes for the Metal Arc

Welding of Mild Steel

C.P.2008 Protection of Iron & Steel Structures

From Corrosion.

N.6 Test

The Engineer may at any time require any materials to be tested in accordance with the
requirements of the Standards listed above. The cost of all successful tests shall be borne
by the Employer. The Contractor shall, if required by the Engineer, promptly supply at his
own expense test pieces. The costs of tests of tests on materials failing to comply with
these Standards shall be borne by the Contractor. If in the opinion of the Engineer, the
Contractor may be directed to dismantle and cut out the parts concerned and remove them
for examination and testing. The cost of dismantling, cutting out and making good to the
approval of the Engineer shall be borne by the Contractor.

N.7 Fabrication

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The standard of work and the general procedure to be followed during fabrication shall be
in accordance with B.S. 449. The Contractor must ascertain all dimensions on the site
prior to commencement of fabrication.

a) Cutting & Bending – All members, plates, brackets, etc., shall be neatly and
accurately sneered, sawn or profiled to the required shape as shown on the
drawings. Where steel is oxy-cut to shape. Care shall be taken to preserve the full
finished sizes required.

If members or plates are bent or set, the bends or sets shall be correctly made to
the radii or angles specified without leaving hammer marks. The materials may be
heated to permit this. Material that has been heated should be annealed to
approval.

b) Punching & Drilling – Holes for black bolts shall be drilled or punched 2mm larger in
diameter than the bolt size. Holes for high tensile friction grip bolts shall be drilled
or sub-punched and reamed to 2mm larger in diameter than the specified bolt size.
All drilled holes shall be parallel sides and shall be drilled with the axle of the holes
perpendicular to the surfaces. Badly drilled holes shall either be reamed out to
approval and larger bolts fitted or otherwise as directed. All rough arises shall be
ground off. Holes for bolts in material thicker than 15mm must be drilled. When
holes are drilled in one operation through two or more thicknesses of material, the
parts shall be separated after drilling and all burrs removed before a gas cutting
process. Holes formed or enlarged by oxy-cutting will not be accepted and must be
filled to approval by electric welding and redrilling.

c) Bolting – All bolts used shall be of such length that at least one full thread is
exposed beyond the nut after the nut has been tightened. Where a nut or bolt head
would bear on an inclined surface, a belleved washer of the correct shape shall be
interposed between the two surfaces. Bevelled washers shall not be allowed to get
out of position during fabrication and erection and for this purpose may be spot
welded to the steel surface.

Bevelled washers for use with high tensiles bolts shall not as welded.

i) Black Bolts, Nuts and Washers

Black bolts shall comply with the requirements of B.S. 916 (B.S.W. Threads) or B.S. 2708
(u.n.c. Threads) as appropriate.

ii) Close Tolerance Bolts

Close tolerance bolts shall conform to B.S. 1768

iii) High Tensils Bolts

High tensils bolts shall conform to B.S.1768

iv) High Strength Friction Grip Bolts

a) General grade bolts to B.S. 3139 Part 1

b) Load indicating bolts manufactured by G.K.M. Ltd or any other

approved manufactuer.

c) High tensils bolts to B.S. 1768.

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 v) Rawbolts shall be those manufactured by Rawlolug Company Ltd. or any
other approved manufacturer.

v) Washers

Plain and tapered washers to B.S. 3410.

Spring washers to B.S. 1802.

Washers for high strength friction grip bolts shall be appropriate with B.S. 4360 and in the
case of high tensile steel rivets shall be so manufactured that they can be driven and the
heads formed and the physical properties not impaired.

d) Pressed Steel Sections

Pressed or cold rolled steel burning and girders shall be to the sizes indicated on the
drawings and shall be formed from accorded steel strip with a minimum yield strength of
175N/mm

The sections shall be manufactured straight and free from twist. The tolerance away from
straightness shall not be greater than 3mm for every 2000mm in length along an folded
edge.

e) Electrical Welding

All welding shall be carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of B.S.1856 and
B.S. 2624 as appropriate and electrodes shall comply with B.S. 639.

Fusion faces shall be free from irregularities such as tears, fins, etc., which would interfere
with the deposition of weld metal.

Fusion faces shall be smooth and uniform and shall be free from loose scale, slag, rust,
grease, paint and other deleterious materials.

All welds shall be of approved type and finished size as specified. Welding shall be carried
out in such sequence that minimum distortion of the parts welded results.

Preparation of edges for welding shall be carried out by planing or machine flame cutting.
Manual flame cutting will not be permitted.

Parts to be welded shall be carried out with each run closely following the previous run out
allowing sufficient time for the proper removal of slag.

The Contractor shall ensure that each run is inspected and any unsatisfactory weld cut and
remade to approval.

Welds in material 25mm or greater in thickness shall be made by the Argon arc or similar
approved process and special precautions shall be taken to prevent weld cracking.

Unless otherwise specified, the minimum size of fillet shall be 6mm.

On completion, welds shall present a smooth and regular finish. Weld metal shall be solid
throughout with complete fusion between weld metal and parent metal and between
successive runs throughout the joint.

Defects shall be cut out and made good to approval in sound weld metal.

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 The external faces of butt welds are to be ground smooth on completion to the approval of
the Engineer.

N.7 Shop and Field Connections

a) Rolled Sections

All shop connections shall be electric welded or bolted with high tensile bolts.

No bolts used shall be less that 12 mm diameter and no weld less than 40 mm in
length. At least two bolts shall be used in connections transmitting loads unless
otherwise indicated by the Engineer.

No weld of length less than four times the nominal fillet size shall be deemed
capable of carrying load.

Beam to column connections shall be as detailed i.e., bolted with high tensile or
black bolts in drilled holes. Black bolts in punched holes will only be permitted for
connections carrying a designed load or for connections to timber members.

b) Structural Hollow Sections

Hollow sections shall be connected by electrical welding unless specified

otherwise.

The designs of welds shall be in accordance with Clauses 53 and 54 and Appendix
C of B.S.449.

Butt welds in tension members will not be permitted unless the prior approval of the
Engineer in writing has first been obtained.

Butt welds where permitted, shall be made with the fusion surfaces of the ends of
each member properly prepared and the member properly aligned.

N.8 Assembly

a) Trusses and Portal Frames

Trusses and portal frames shall be carefully set out to the dimensions shown on the
drawings.

Where it is required that trusses be campered, such camper shall be provided by

bending the bottom chord to an arc of a circle.

Not withstanding any dimensioned spacing of purlin cleats, the Contractor shall
ensure that purlin cleat spacing is satisfactory for the available stock lengths of roof
sheeting. However, the Engineer’s approval must frst be obtained before an
alteration is made in purlin spacing or sheeting sizes.

Splices in portal and other frames shall be made where shown on the details or
where directed by the Engineer.

b) Boxed Members

Abutting edges of boxed members shall be connected and sealed with a continuous
weld to exclude the entrance of moisture. Where specified such welds shall be
ground flush to approval.

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 c) Shop Assembly

Assembly of units in the shop prior to transporting to the site must be inspected by
the Engineer before painting. The assembled work shall be laid out in the shop pr
yard such that all parts are accessible for inspection and testing.

The Contractor shall furnish all facilities for inspection and testing of the works and
must notify the Engineer on every occasion materials are ready for inspection.

d) Marking

All embers of the structures to be site assembled shall be marked in accordance

with the shop details and marking plans submitted to the Engineer for approval.

N.9 Erection

a) Site Dimensions

Erection shall not commence unless and until accurate site dimensions have been
taken by the Contractor. No claims will be considered should site dimensions differ
from those on the drawings. Any modifications to the structural steel required in
order to comply with site dimensions shall be made on the ground to the Engineer’s
approval before erection is commenced.

b) Safety

All erection shall be carried out by competent and experienced personnel and the
Contractor shall take every care to safeguard members of the public, workmen and
adjoining property against injury and/or damage. The Contractor shall be held
responsible for all damage caused to the structure, workmen or other property
during erection.

All gear used shall be of adequate strength and shall comply with all current
regulations.

During erection the work shall at all times be adequately bolted, guyed and/or
braced to make the structure secure.

b) Storage and Handling

Steel members shall be stored, handled and erected in such a manner that no
member shall be subjected to excessive stresses which could have adverse effect
on the propertied of the steel. If, in the opinion of the Engineer, the steelwork has
been subjected to such treatment. The Contractor shall remove the member from
the site and replace it at his own expense.

c) Storage and Handling

Steel members shall be stored, handled and erected in such a manner that no
member shall be subjected to excessive stresses which could have adverse effect
on the properties of the steel. If, in the opinion of the Engineer, the steelwork has
been subjected to such treatment. The Contractor shall remove the member from
the site and replace it at his own expense.

c) Erection Notes

No member or part of a member which has been bent or destroyed shall be erected
in that condition. All straightening shall be done on the ground.
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 Stanchions shall be wedged to line and level on steel or cast iron wedges and
checked by the Engineer. After acceptance, stanchion bases shall be grouted to
approval before wedges are removed. Unless otherwise shown on the drawings,
all are removed. Unless otherwise shown on the drawings, all stanchions shall be
left truly vertical and correct to line and level. Beams, girders, etc shall be erected
level unless otherwise shown, and correctly positioned.

Trusses and open web joists shall be carefully handled at all times and during
erection shall be lifted at such points and in such a manner as will preclude any
possibility of damage from excessive stresses.

Packing plates, shims, washers or similar adjusting pieces found necessary to

accommodate tolerance in structural site dimensions shall be provided and fixed to
the approval of the Engineer.

Immediately after erection, each truss shall be made secure by purlins, bracing or
guys to approval of the Engineer. Bracing shall be fixed in position as soon as
dependent portion of the work is completed.

a) Tightening and Testing High Tensile Friction Grip Bolt

Before assembly, the contact surfaces, including those adjacent to the washers,
shall be descaled and be free from dirt, oil, loose scale, purrs, paint (except priming
paint), pits and other defects that would prevent proper seating of the parts.

Bolts shall be fixed with approved hardened flat or capered washers as required
between the bolt and nut and the softer mild steel.

When bearing faces of the bolted parts have a slope of more than 1 in 20 with
respect to a plane normal to the bolt axis, square smooth bevelled washers shall be
used to compensate for the lack of parallelism.

All bolts shall be tightened by the Turn of Nut method. This method shall be
generally be as specified in B.S. 3259 and as approved by the Engineer to achieve
in all bolts a minimum tension equal to the proof load.

g) Grouting

Unless otherwise detailed on the drawing, a space of not less than 40 mm shall be
provided between undersides of column base plates and footings, and between all
beams and roof truss bearings and concrete pads.

After each column, beam or roof truss has been wedged up to a line and level and
fixed in position to approval, the space between footing or pad and the underside of
the column base plate or steel member shall be grouted with a mixture of one part
of Portland Cement and one part of approved washed sand (1:1).

The Portland Cement and sand shall be thoroughly mixed together with sufficient
water to produce a mixture of damp earth consistency and shall be used within
twenty minutes of mixing. The caulking mixture shall be packed tight into the space
between base plate and foundation and protected from damage until it sets.

N.10 Painting

a) Paints

All paints are to be obtained from suppliers approved in writing by the Engineer.

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 Paints are to be delivered to the site or to the Contractor’s fabrication site in the
original containers as supplied by the manufacture with seals unbroken and are to
be used in strict accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

Manufacturer’s representatives are to be free to visit the site and inspect materials
for laboratory analysis.

Paints are not to be thinned unless instructed by the Engineer. No external painting
is to be carried out during rain or when rain is likely to occur before the paint has
had time to dry. All surfaces are to be dry and free from moisture during painting.

b) Preparation for Painting

All structural steel shall be thoroughly scraped and wire brushed to remove mill
scale and rust. Dirt, grease and oil shall be washed off with white spirit and the
steel allowed to dry.

c) Application

A first coat of Red Lead Graphite Primer or other approved primer shall be applied
after fabrication of the works has been completed. A minimum of 24 hours shall
elapse before the steel is moved from its position after painting has been
completed.

After delivery to site, the steel shall be carefully examined and all areas where the
priming coat has been damaged and/or where rust has developed shall be washed
with white spirit and wire brushed as necessary and a further priming coat as for the
first coat applied to completely cover the damaged area.

During erection, surfaces of steel which are to be in contact shall be painted with
one further coat of primer of primer as previously described and the surfaces
brought together whilst the paint is still wet.

After erection, paint a second and finishing coatis Oil Company Aluminum Paint
368/36 or other finishing paint of standard as for steelwork. Welds shall not be
painted over until they have been deslagged, inspected and approved.

Steel purlins and side rails shall generally be painted as for steelwork when the
following specification shall be used.

1st Coat - Red Oxide Zinc Chormate Primer of other

2nd Coat - Robbialac Oil Company Aluminium Paint 368/36 or other equal and
approved Aluminum Paint.

The interior of mild steel gutters shall be prepared as previously described and
painted with 2 coats of Robbialac Epilac Coal Tar Epoxy Paint or other approved
paint.

Page 134 of 193

 METALWORK

LIST OF CLAUSES

MATERIALS

P.1 Generally
P.2 Mild Steel
P.3 Hollow Section Tubing
P.4 Bolts, Nuts and Washers
P.5 Galvanized Sheet Steel
P.6 Aluminium
P.7 Stainless Steel
P.8 Metal Door Frames
P.9 Steel Windows
P.10 Aluminium Windows

WORKMANSHIP

P.11 Welding
P.12 Painting
P.13 Fixing of Steel Windows
P.14 Aluminium Windows

METALWORK

MATERIALS

P.1 Generally

All materials shall be the best of their respective kinds free from defects and all work is to
be carried out in the most workmanlike manner and strictly as directed by the Architect.
The materials in all stages of transportation, handling and stacking shall be kept clean and
prevented from injury by breaking, bending or distortion and weather action.

P.2 Mild Steel

Mild steel shall comply with B.S. 15.

P.3 Hollow Section Tubing

Square and rectangular hollow section tubing shall be hot rolled mild steel in accordance
with Grade 43C of B.S.4360.

P.4 Bolts, Nuts and Washers

These shall be fabricated from materials which comply with B.S.15 and each manufactured
item shall comply with the appropriate B.S.

P.5 Galvanized Sheet Steel

To be No.24 S.W.G. of approved manufacture to B.S. 2989 of quality mild steel sheets cold
rolled close annealed patent flattened and hot dip galvanized.

P.6 Aluminium

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 Aluminium shall be extruded sections with an anodized finish, either natural or coloured to
give a 25 micron minimum depth to European norm EWAA.

The Contractor shall submit with each item or batch of items delivered, test certificates or
such other documentary evidence as the Architect shall require that the depth anodizing
specified has been achieved.

P.7 Stainless Steel

Stainless steel tube shall be Austenic steel B.S. comparable to B.S. 1449 Type 316 S 16\

P.8 Metal Door Frames

Metal door frames are to be in steel to comply with B.S. 1245 of profile to suit the wall
thickness.

Door frames are to be provided with the following:-

a) Two priming coats of paint

b) Fixing lugs for building into walls

c) Three galvanized steel hinges per door

d) Adjustable lock strike plate

e) Two shock absorber buffers

P.9 Steel Windows

Steel Windows shall be manufactured from section confirming with B.S.990 of heavy duty
sections of the metric W20 range of approved manufacture and design approved by the
Architect.

After manufacture and before delivery to site steel windows are to be hot galvanized by
dipping in a bath of molten zinc or painted with one coat primer.

P.10 Aluminium Windows

Aluminium windows are to be designed, manufactured and fixed in accordance with the
relevant British Standards summarized below:-

B.S. DD4 - Grading of Windows

B.S. 1470 - Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys

B.S.1474 - Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys

B.S. 4315 - (Part I) window and structural gasket-glazing

Systems

B.S.4873 - Aluminium alloy to windows

CP 3CH.V - Loading

CP 153 - Code for windows

Alternative standards may be adhered to but the Contractor must demonstrate that they
are of an equal or better standard than the standards referred to in this specification.
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 Members for aluminium windows shall be extruded aluminium and shall be fabricated from
designated treated alloy HE9 TF, HE9 TE or HE 9 TB to B.S. 1474. Ancillary members
such as sills and coupling mullions formed from sheet materials shall be fabricated from
designated alloys SIC NS3 or NS4 in an appropriate temper. Alternative alloys meeting
the required physical properties of this specification shall be acceptable.

The main wet of aluminium solid section outer frame shall be not less than 1.2mm thick at
minimum tolerance.

For information on bi-metallic contacts see CP 153 appendix A.

The overall sizes of an assembled window frame shall be maintained within a permissible
deviation of 1.5mm. Maximum difference in length of frame diagonals shall be 4 mm.
Horizontally, the 1800 mm grid shall be used to centre the mullions and vertically
allowance must be made for a large setting tolerance at the window head.

Fasteners to be designed so they cannot be released from the outside by the insertion of a
thin blade or similar tool.

No opening light shall be openable or removable from the outside when it is fastened in the
closed position except by use of special tools or break of part of the window.

Replacement of weather stripping shall be possible from within the building and without
requiring removal of the main frame.

WORKMANSHIP

P.11 Welding

All welding is to be in accordance with the requirements of B.S.1856 and 938 and the
electrodes shall comply with b.s. 639.

Fusion faces shall be free from irregularities which could interfere with the welding
material. These faces shall also be free from any deleterious material such as rust, grease
and paint.

All welds shall be of the specified finished sizes and the sequence of the welding shall be
carried out in a manner that will give minimum distortion to the welded parts.

Edges of all welding parts will be maintained in their correct position.

Welds shall be carried out with each run closely following the one prior with sufficient time
between to allow for removal of slag.

Each run of weld is to be inspected and the sub-contractor shall ensure that unsatisfactory
welds are cut out or remade to the required standard.

The minimum size of filled weld shall be 6mm.

All completed welds shall have a regular and smooth surface. The weld material shall be
solid with complete fusion throughout the weld and to the faircut metals.

Any defects shall be cut out or made good to approval.

External faces of butt welds to be ground smooth.

P.12 Painting
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 All steel is to be wire brushed and any loose scale, dirt or grease shall be removed before
any painting is commenced. One coat of red oxide primer type A to B.S. 2523 shall be
applied at the shop.

Any damage to the printing paint shall be made good to the Architect’s satisfaction.

P.13 Fixing of Steel Windows

Fixing of metal windows shall include for assembling and fixing, including screwing to sub-
frames or cutting mortices for lugs in concrete or walling and running with cement mortar
91:4), bedding frames in similar mortar, pointing in mastic, bedding sills, transoms and
mullions in mastic, making good finishings around both sides and fixing, oiling and
adjusting all fittings and frames.

P.14 Aluminim Windows

Adjacent sashes in horizontal sliding windows shall be separated by a compatible spacer

and the sashes shall be supported on bearing devices that facilitate movement.

Joints in frames shall be made either by welding or by mechanical means. Where

necessary joints shall be sealed with flexible material. Joints to be flush joints within one of
the tolerances given in B.S. 1474.

Hardware including its fixings shall be compatible with aluminium and shall be replaceable
without the outer frame from its surround.

All screws, nuts, bolts, rivets, washers and other fastenings shall be of stainless steel or
aluminium with the exception of those which are protected when the window is closed.
Alternatively these may be made of steel which has been finished by one of the following
methods:-

a) Zinc plated and passivated according to B.S.11706 Classification Nr.Zn3.

b) Hot – dip galvanized according to the requirements of B.S. 729

c) Sherardized according to the requirements of B.S. 729 Part 2 or

d) Sprayed with metal coating according to B.S. 2569 Part 1.

Fixing devices not of aluminium may be of steel finished by either method (a), (b), or (d)
above.

The fixings shall be capable of withstanding the design wind icad and any operating forces
on the window.

Windows manufactured to standards set out in this specification shall each bear the name
or trademark of the manufacturer and the number of the appropriate standard.

Fixing, assembling, bedding frames and painting shall be executed as described for fixing
of Steel Windows.

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 FLOOR, WALL AND CEILING

LIST OF CLAUSES

PLASTERWORK

S.1 Generally
S.2 Cements
S.3 Lime putty
S.4 Sands
S.5 Water
S.6 Storage of Materials
S.7 Testing
S.8 Preparation of surfaces
S.9 Dubbing out
S.10 Mixing of Materials
S.11 Period between coats
S.12 Finish
S.13 Junctions of wall and ceiling
S.14 Arises

BEDS AND BACKINGS

S.15 Materials, Storage, testing and mixing of materials

S.16 Light Weight roof screed
S.17 Cement and sand proportions
S.18 Preparation of surfaces
S.19 Laying
S.20 Surfaces of beds and backing

OTHER INSITU FINISHINGS

S.21 Materials, storage, testing and mixing of materials

S.22 Waterproofers
S.23 Integral Hardeners
S.24 Preparation of surfaces
S.25 Cement and sand paving
S.26 Granolithic paving and wall finishings
S.27 Insitu terrazzo paving and wall finishings
S.29 Division strips
S.30 Washed terrazzo wall finishings
S.31 Tyolean finish

TILE, SLAB AND BLOCK FINISHINGS

S.31 Mortar for bedding and pointing

S.32 Preparation of surfaces
S.33 Glazed ceramic wall tiles
S.34 Cement interlocking tiles
S.35 Quarry tile paving
S.36 Ceramic tile pavings and accessories
S.37 Granolithic and terrazzo tile pavings
S.38 Vinyl asbestos tiles
S.39 Wood Block flooring

PLAIN SHEET FINISHINGS

S.40 Generally

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 FLOOR, WALL AND CEILING FINISHINGS

PLASTERWORK

S.1 Generally

Render, both internal and external shall be cement and sand in the proportions 1:4 finished
to the thickness specified.

Plaster shall consist of an undercoat of 1 part cement to 6 parts sand by volume, and a
finishing coat of 1 part cement to 10 parts lime putty. Each coat shall be finished to the
thickness specified.

S.2 Cement

Ordinary Portland cement and shall comply with K.S. 02-21. White and coloured cements
shall comply with B.S. 12 and be obtained from an approved manufacturer.

S.3 Lime putty

Lime putty shall be prepared from hydrated lime complying with B.S. 890, Part 2.

Hydrated lime shall be added to water, stirred to a creamy consistency and left to mature
for at least 16 hours before use.

Alternatively, ready slaked lime may be obtained from an approved source.

The lime putty shall be protected from drying out.

S.4 Sands

Sands for cement and lime mixes shall comply with B.S. 1199, Table 1.

Sand for use with white Portland cement shall be silver sand and that for use in coloured
cement mixes shall be of a suitable colour.

S.5 Water

Water shall be clean and kept free from all impurities.

S.6 Storage of materials

All plasters, lime and cement shall be stored in a properly roofed, weather-proof, dry, well
ventilated shed, used exclusively for this purpose, with a wood floor not less than 150 mm
clear above the earth.

All sands shall be stored separately, according to type, on clean dry hard standings and
shall be protected from contamination.

S.7 Testing

Samples of all materials, as directed, shall be taken from time to time as required by the
Architect.

All defective materials shall be removed from the site without delay, at the Contractor’s
expense.

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S.8 Preparation of surfaces

Surfaces to receive plastering shall be dry brushed to remove all loose particles, dust,
laitance, efflorescence, etc., and any projecting fins on concrete surfaces shall be hacked
off. All traces of mould oil shall be removed from concrete surfaces by scrubbing with
water containing detergent and rinsing with fresh water.

Concrete surfaces shall be well hacked to provide an adequate key.

Surfaces shall be wetted and re-wetted as required to equalise suction before the plaster
coats are applied. In particular, dense hard concrete surfaces shall be wetted and re-
wetted as required before bonding plaster is applied.

S.9 Dubbing out

Dubbing out shall be in the same mix as subsequent coats and shall not exceed 10mm in
thickness in one particular application.

S.10 Mixing of materials

All materials shall be thoroughly mixed in the proportions described. No mixes of plasters,
other than described shall be used.

Bankers and gauge boxes shall be thoroughly cleaned after each mix and attention shall
be given at all times to their cleanliness.

Cement – lime – sand plasters shall be used within two hours of the gauging with cement.

All tools shall be kept clean and fresh plaster shall not be contaminated with set plaster.

S.11 Period between coats

Cement – lime undercoats shall be allowed to dry out thoroughly before a further coat is
applied.

S.12 Finish

All undercoats shall be scratched to provide an adequate key for the nest coat. Unless
otherwise described, all rendering shall be finished with a wood, float, as shall all
undercoats. All finishing coats shall be finished with a steel trowel or wood float as
described.

S.13 Junctions of walls and ceiling

A neat definite cut shall be made with the edge of the trowel through all coats of the wall
plaster at the junctions with ceilings.

S.14 Arises

All arises shall be pencil rounded unless otherwise specified.

S.15 Materials, storage, testing and mixing of materials

Cement, sand, water etc., storage, testing and mixing of materials shall be as described for
plasterwork.

S.16 Light weight roof screeds

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 Light weight roof screeds shall consist of one part cement to six parts vermiculite
aggregate, laid to falls as necessary and finished with 12mm cement and sand (1:4) screed
finished to receive roofing.

All junctions between horizontal and vertical surfaces to roofs shall be finished with a
triangular angle fillet of the sizes described.

Light weight roof screeds shall be cured properly for 7 days and shall be thoroughly and
completely dry before any finishings are applied.

S.17 Cement and sand proportions

A mix referred to as (1:4) shall mean 1 cubic metre of cement to 4 cubic metres of sand
and other mixes shall be construed accordingly.

S.18 Preparation of surfaces

Walls shall be prepared as described for “plasterwork”. Concrete floors or roofs to receive
screeds or pavings shall be hacked necessary to remove concrete mortar or plaster
droppings and to expose the coarse aggregate and well brushed to remove all loose
particles and dirt.

Concrete floors and roofs shall be wetted before screeds or pavings are laid with a cement
sand slurry (1:1) being scrubbed into the surface in front of the screed or paving laying.

S.19 Laying

Beds and backing shall be laid in bays of suitable lengths and widths and to falls where so
shown with proper screeds and shall be kept wet and protected until set hard.

S.20 Surfaces of beds and backings

Screeded beds for insitu finishings of floor finishings bedded in mortar, shall be left rough
from the screeding board.

Floated beds for inflexible floor finishings bedded in mastic, shall be left with a plain
untextured surface.

Trowelled beds for flexible finishings shall be finished smooth and free from score marks,
grooves or depressions.

Screeded backings for insitu wall finishings or wall finishings bedded in mortar shall be
scratched for key.

Floated backings for inflexible wall finishings fixed with adhesive shall be left with a plain
surface.

Trowelled backings for flexible wall finishings shall be finished smooth and free from score
marks or depressions.

Beds and Backings for finishings by specialists shall be to the approval of the specialist.

Other insitu finishings

S.21 Materials, storage, testing and mixing of materials

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 Cement, sand, water, etc., storage, testing and mixing of materials, shall be as described
for “Plasterwork”.

S.22 Waterproofers

Waterproofers shall be “Sealocrete Double Strength Premix” or other approved integral

waterproofer, used in accordance with the manufacturers instructions.

S.23 Integral Hardeners

Integral hardeners shall be “Febspeed Plus” or other approved used in accordance with the
manufacturers instructions.

S.24 Preparation of surfaces

Concrete surfaces to receive paving without screeds shall be prepared as described

herein.

S.25 Cement and sand paving

Cement and sand paving shall be in the proportions and to the thicknesses described, shall
be finished with a steel trowel unless otherwise specified and shall be protected and kept
wet until hard.

S.26 Granolithic paving and wall finishes

The thickness of the pavings, etc., in these Bills of Quantities include for the combined
screed or backing and the granolithic finish but in any case these are to be laid integrally.

Pavings to be 30mm minimum thickness granolithic laid on a screed to make up full

thickness specified. The screed is to be cement and sand (1:3).

Dadoes to be 10mm minimum thickness granolithic applied to cement and sand (1:3)
backings to make up the full thickness specified.

Granolithic is to be composed of sound, hard, clean black trap chippings free from dust and
graded 10 mm to 3 mm and selected clean granular sand or fine crushed black trap free of
dust.

The aggregate to cement ratio is to be 3;1 of which the sand should not exceed 30% of the
total aggregate. A satisfactory mix proportion, is generally of 1:1:2 cement, sand,
aggregate but this must be ascertained by a trial mix and varied as required.

The paving is to be spread and compacted by hand-tamping or the use of vibrating

compacting beams or metal rollers and hand floated after all surplus moisture has
disappeared, each stage of the laying operation is to be properly carried out at the
optimum degree of stiffness of the mix so that the aggregate remains correctly distributed
throughout the pavings, etc., and so finished that the surface is true to level, dense, smooth
and free of laintance and other defects and blemishes. The use of dry cement or sand to
absorb surplus moisture will not be allowed.

Washed granolithic I to have all surplus cement brushed and washed off when the surface
is sufficiently hard to resist the dislodgment of the aggregate.

Polished granolithic is to have all surplus cement brushed off when the surface is
sufficiently hard to resist dislodgment of the aggregate. When the surface is hard enough it
shall be wet ground using a machine until the aggregate is uniformly revealed and then
well washed with clean water. Any small voids or holes left in the surface are to be filled
with cement grout and rubbed down by hand. Mouldings, etc., not accessible to machines
Page 143 of 193
 are to be hand rubbed and polished with carborundum. After an interval of 1 to 3 days the
surface is to be finally machine ground using a fine adhesive.

S.27 Terrazzo paving and wall finishes

Terrazzo work shall be carried out by a specialist firm approved by the Architect in writing.

The provisions of “Granolithic pavings and wall Finishings” above generally apply except
that the mix will be as follows.

The mix to be one part of the white or coloured cement to two parts of clean marble
chippings washed and free from dust. The colour of the cement and chippings will be
selected by the Architect and the chippings may vary in size from 3 mm to 16 mm and be
graded in accordance with the Architects requirements. No work is to be commenced until
sample areas of finished paving have been approved.

S.28 Division strips

To be set in position before paving is commenced and embedded straight and true.

S.29 Washed terrazzo wall finishings

Washed terrazzo finish shall be carried out by a firm approved by the Architect in writing
and shall be guaranteed for six months from the date of completion of the work. It shall be
composed of a screeded underbed of cement and sand (1:4), and terrazzo with layers of
the thicknesses specified.

The terrazzo shall consist of cement and local marble aggregate free from dust in the
proportions 1:1:5. The colour and grading of the cement and aggregate shall be as
selected by the Architect.

The terrazzo shall be laid whilst the underbed is still plastic and shall be compacted and
trowelled to produce a non-absorbent surface. Before the final set takes place the terrazzo
surface shall be lightly brushed, with just a sufficient amount of water to expose the surface
aggregate to produce an even appearance. Adjoining areas and finishings shall be
protected from staining, and any stains produced shall be removed or remedied to the
satisfaction of the Architect at the Contractor’s expense. The whole surface when hard
shall be covered with one coat of approved silicone solution.

S.30 Tyrolean finish

Tyrolean finish shall be applied by machine in accordance with the instructions issued by
the Cement Marketing Company. The colour of the cement shall be selected by the
Architect. If required to do so by the Architect, the Contractor shall provide a sample panel
or panels of tyrolean finish the cost of which shall be deemed to be included in the Contract
Sum. All adjoining areas and finishings shall be masked and protected so as to prevent
staining whilst a applying the tyrolean finish.

Tile, slab and Block Finishings

S.31 Mortar for bedding and pointing

All materials for mortar, their storage, testing and mixing shall be as described in
“Plasterwork”.

S.32 Preparation of surfaces

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 All surfaces to receive the finishings in this section shall be thoroughly cleaned. Screeds to
receive finishings bedded in mortar shall be well wetted before laying is commenced.

S.33 Glazed ceramic wall tiles

Glazed ceramic wall tiles shall comply with B.S. 1281 and shall be of the sizes and colours
described and have cushion edges.

The tiles shall be soaked in clean water for at least half an hour before fixing,s tacked on
edge tightly together and end tiles turned glazed face outwards and fixed as soon as the
surface water has gone. The tiles shall be bedded in cement and sand, (1:3), with straight
joints 1.5 mm wide pointed in white cement, after scratching the surface of the backing
screed to form a key.

Alternatively, tiles shall be wiped clean and fixed dry with “Richafix” or other approved
adhesive, all in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations, with straight joints
1.5mm wide pointed in white cement.

S.34 Cement interlocking tiles

Cement interlocking tiles shall be 20 mm thick of natural colour with bevelled top arrises on
all sides and shall be bedded horizontally and vertically in hot bitumen when to roofs, or in
cement mortar (1:4) coloured to match the tile when to floors. They shall comply with B.S.
1197.

All cement stains shall be carefully removed and sawdust shall not be used as protection
until the joints are set.

S.35 Quarry tile paving

To be hard well burnt tiles to B.S.1286 of the sizes given herein and laid on prepared
screeds. The tiles are to be soaked in clean water for at least six hours before use and
bedded in cement and sand (1:4) approximately 3 mm thick with straight joints in each
direction. Upon completion grout in coloured cement to match tiles and wash and clean
down. Tiles are to be cut with an electric tile cutting saw.

S.36 Ceramic tile pavings and accessories

Ceramic tiles and accessories of the types described herein are to be fixed in an adhesive
to comply with B.S. Code of Practice 202:1972 “Tile flooring and slab flooring”. Tiles are to
be laid with close straight joints in each direction and upon completion grouted in matching
coloured cement and washed and cleaned down. Tiles are to cut with an electric tile
cutting saw.

S.37 Terrazzo tiles and granolithic tiles

Terrazzo or granolithic tiles shall be laid by a specialist approved by the Architect in writing,
and shall be supplied from an approved source. The pre-cast terrazzo or granolithic shall
consist of a backing of Portland cement and washed sand graded from coarse to fine in the
proportions of 1:3 and a terrazzo or granolithic finish not less than 12 mm thick consisting
of coloured cement and marble or granite aggregate free from dust in the proportions of
1:2:5. The colour of the cement and the colour and grading of the aggregate shall be as
selected by the Architect. Tiles shall be hydraulically pressed during manufacture to
produce a non-absorbent surface and shall be polished on the exposed surface.

Tiles shall be thoroughly soaked in water and drained off so that no free water remains on
the surface before laying and shall be bedded in cement and sharp sand (1:3) with straight
joints 3 mm wide and pointed in coloured cement, to match the colour of the tile, and sand
(1:2). The surface of the paving shall finish true and level or to falls as required. All
Page 145 of 193
 cement stains shall be carefully removed. Sawdust shall not be used as a protection
before joints are set.

S.38 Vinyl asbestos tiles

Vinyl asbestos tiles to K.S. 03-243 : 1980, shall be of the types and sizes described and of
a colour to be selected by the Architect. Samples of all tiles and sheet shall be submitted
to the Architect for his approval. No flooring shall be laid until plastering and painting of
walls and ceilings is complete. All vinyl asbestos tiles shall be laid by a firm or firms to be
approved by the Architect in writing. The Contractor shall obtain from the flooring specialist
before laying is commenced, and forward to the Architect:-

(a) A written statement to the effect that the trowelled bed is in all respects satisfactory
to receive the flooring and

(b) Guarantee that any defects due to faulty workmanship or materials occurring within
six months of the certified date of completion of the whole of the works, will be
made good by the Specialist at his own expense, and to the satisfaction of the
Architect.

S.39 Wood block flooring

Wood block flooring shall be obtained from a supplier approved by the Architect and shall
be of the timber and finish described. The flooring shall be laid by a specialist firm
approved by the Architect in writing.

The Contractor shall provide the Architect with samples for his approval before any tiles
are ordered or laid.

No flooring shall be laid until plastering of walls and ceilings is complete. The Contractor
shall obtain from the flooring specialist before laying is commenced, and forward to the
Architect:-

a) A written statement to the effect that the trowelled bed is in all respects satisfactory
to receive the flooring and

b) A guarantee that any defects due to faulty workmanship, or materials occurring

within six months of the certified date or completion of the whole of the works, will
be made good by the specialist at his own expense, and to the satisfaction of the
Architect.

The adhesive used for the wood blocks is to be approved by the Architect before
commencement of the work and in the case of the wood block flooring being laid on a
surface bed the adhesive is to be of the waterproof variety.

Plain sheet finishings

S.40 Generally

Plywood, blockboard, chipboard, etc., and their fixing shall be as described in Carpentry
and Joinery.

Page 146 of 193

 GLAZING

LIST OF CLAUSES

MATERIALS

T.1 General
T.2 Standards
T.3 Clear Sheet Glass etc.
T.4 Plate Glass
T.5 Obscured Glass
T.6 Solar Glass
T.7 Safety Glass
T.8 Glazing Gasket
T.9 Washleather
T.10 Putty
T.11 Mirrors

WORKMANSHIP

T.12 General
T.13 Measurements
T.14 Single Glazing
T.15 Wired Glass
T.16 Safety Glass
T.17 Storage and Handling
T.18 Protection
T.19 Damage
T.20 Defective Work
T.21 Glazing to Wood
T.22 Glazing to Metal
T.23 Glass Thickness
T.24 Cleaning

GLAZING

MATERIALS

T.1 General

Glass used in glazing and for mirrors shall be best quality clear glass free from visibled
defects so that to afford uninterrupted vision or reflection as appropriate and without
obvious distortion.

T.2 Standards

Glass for glazing and mirrors shall be approved manufacture and is to comply with B.S.
952 in all respects free from flaws, bubbles, specks and other imperfections.

T.3 Clear sheet glass etc.

The clear sheet glass shall be ordinary glazing (OG) quality.

T.4 Plate Glass

Polished plate and Georgian wired polished plate glass to be selected glazing (SG) quality.
Page 147 of 193
T.5 Obscured Glass

To be of type described and as approved Architect.

T.6 Solar Glass

Solar control glass is to be obtained from a manufacturer approved by the Architect.

Details of the characteristic and properties of the glass are to be provided to the Architect
before ordering.

Solar glass is to be of the spectrafloat type incorporating metallic irons in the glass with a
bronze tinted colour. Unless otherwise specified thickness of glass is to be 6 mm.

T.7 Safety Glass

Where safety glass is required this shall be triplex.

T.8 Glazing Gaskets

Glazing to metal frames shall be secured with clip-in gaskets of butyl rubber. The gaskets
shall be of size and section to suit the frame and glazing so as to provide a weather and air
tight seal. The mechanical properties of the gasket shall be such as to resist the climatic
conditions experienced in Kenya.

T.9 Washleather

Washleather shall be best quality chamois oil curved natural coloured. Where washleather
is called for, an approved substitute may be employed.

T.10 Putty

a) The putty for glazing to wood sashes is to be linseed oil putty all as B.S. 644.

b) The putty for glazing to metal windows is to be gold size metal window putty
specially designed for tropical use or patent mastic putty it approved by the
Architect.

c) All putty shall be delivered or site in the original manufacturer’s sealed cans or
drums and used direct therefrom with the addition only of pure linseed oil
necessary. No mineral or other oils may be in the putty except genuine linseed oil.

T.11 Mirrors

Mirrors shall be polished float glass silvering quality, protected at back with electro-copper
backing coated with Shellac varnish and paint. The mirrors are to fixed with chromium
plated done headed mirror screws with plastic or rubber distance pieces and washers
unless otherwise stated and rates shall include for this.

Workmanship

T.12 General

Glazing of all types in all locations shall be carefully executed by artisans skilled in this
type of work and in conformance with the recommendations of CP 152. Glazing shall be
carefully fitted so that it is not subject to pressure and stresses imposed by being an
overtight fit within framing.
Page 148 of 193
T.13 Measurements

Each element (door, windows, etc) to receive glass shall be accurately measured to ensure a
perfect fit subsequently.

T.14 Single Glazing

Single glazing shall be executed with glass of the various types described herein. Ordinary
(non-safety) glass may be pre-cut or cut on site.

T.15 Wired Glass

Wired glass shall be cut so that the wires embedded are truly vertical and horizontal (i.e.,
at right angles to the cut
edges).

T.16 Safety Glass

Safety glass shall be factory cut before delivery to site. Site cutting will not be permitted.

T.17 Storage and Handling

Glass shall be delivered to site in stout containers and clearly marked. The containers
shall incorporate sling attachment points for lifting pridles. Glass shall be stored under
cover so that the panes are truly vertical.

T.18 Protection

After fixing, glass shall be bodily marked with paper or whitewash so that it is clearly
visible. In positions where damage due to construction traffic or activity is likely to occur
stout screens composed of hardboard or fibreboard on battens shall be arranged to protect
the glass.

T.19 Damage

Should any glass delivered to site be found to be damaged it shall not be incorporate into
the works without the express permission of the Architect. Should glazing installed be
damaged for any reason it shall be removed and replaced free of charge to the satisfaction
of the Architect. Should any adjacent works be damaged this shall equally be reinstated
free of charge to the satisfaction of the Architect.

T.20 Defective Work

All glass shall be checked before installation to ensure that defective glass is not installed.
Notwithstanding that, if in the opinion of the Architect any installed glazing is defective, it
shall be removed and replaced free of charge to the satisfaction of the Architect.

T.21 Glazing to Wood

Glazing shall be secured to wood framing with hardwood beads. Edges shall be wrapped
in washleather so that the washleather finishes just below the surface of the bead. No
adhesives shall be used.

T.22 Glazing to Metal

Glazing shall be secured to metal framing with clip in butyl rubber gaskets.

T.23 Glass Thickness

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 Glass thickness shall conform to the recommendations of CP 152 and the manufacturer’s
recommendations for sizes of panes relative to the position in the building and the effects
of wind pressure (both negative and positive).

T.24 Cleaning

All window glazed panels and mirrors shall be cleaned both inside and outside immediately
prior to the hanging over of the building to the satisfaction of the Architect.

Page 150 of 193

 PAINTING AND DECORATING

LIST OF CLAUSE

MATERIALS

U.1 Colour range

U.2 Approval of brands
U.3 Quality of products
U.4 Delivery
U.5 Same makers materials used for coating
U.6 Information and facilities to suppliers
U.7 Storage
U.8 Remedying defects due to defective materials
U.9 Knotting
U.10 Stopping
U.11 Linseed oil
U.12 White spirit
U.13 Size
U.14 Cement paint
U.15 Emulsion paint
U.16 Black bituminous paint
U.17 Primer for alkaline surfaces
U.18 Primer for aluminium
U.19 Primer for bituminous surfaces
U.20 Primer for iron and steel work
U.21 Primer for zinc and galvanised steel
U.22 Creosote type preservative
U.23 Non creosote type preservative
U.24 Primer for hardboard
U.25 Primer for woodwork
U.26 Oil paints
U.27 Polyurethane laquer
U.28 Decorative wood preservative

PREPARATION OF SURFACES

U.29 Approval
U.30 Stopping
U.31 Plastering, rendering, concrete, blockwork and brickwork
U.32 Asbestos cement
U.33 Lead and copper
U.34 Aluminium
U.35 Iron and steel
U.36 Zinc and galvanised surfaces
U.37 Hardwood
U.38 Fibreboard
U.39 Plywood
U.40 Woodwork to be painted
U.41 Woodwork to receive clear finish

WORKMANSHIP

U.42 Standard of workmanship

U.43 Stirring of materials
U.44 Manufacturers instruction
U.45 Brush work
U.46 Priming of Joinery
U.47 Condition of Priming
Page 151 of 193
U.48 Coatings to be dry]
U.49 Rubbing down
U.50 Differing colours of undercoats
U.51 Painting in unsuitable conditions
U.52 Protection of wet surfaces
U.53 Damage to adjoining surfaces
U.54 Cleanliness
U.55 Removal of ironmongery, etc

PAINTING EXISTING PAINTED SURFACES

U.56 General preparation

U.57 Preparation of metal surfaces
U.58 Preparation of metal surfaces
U.59 Preparation of wood surfaces

Page 152 of 193

 PAINTING AND DECORATING

MATERIALS

MATERIALS

U.1 Colour range

Painting and decorative schemes shall be carried out in colours selcted by the Architect
from the approved range of colours.

U.2 Approval of brands

The Contractor shall seek, in writing, approval from the Architect for all brands of paint he
wishes to use.

U.3 Quality of Products

Where a type of paint is produced by the Manufacturer in more than one quality, only
paints and materials of the first or best quality shall be used in the works. The container
label shall indicate clearly the quality of the paint being used.

Where it is not evident that the first or best quality of paint is being used, the Architect will
order the removal of such materials from the site and rectification of any work executed
with those materials, all at the Contractor’s expense.

U.4 Delivery

All paints, varnishes, distempers and other surface coatings shall be delivered in sound,
sealed containers, labelled clearly by the manufacturer, the label of the container stating:-

a) the type of product

b) the brand name, if any;

c) the use for which it is intended;

d) the manufacturers batch number;

e) The quality of the contents where more than one quality is available

The label shall be printed label; typewritten labels will not be accepted.

The batch deliveries shall be dated and used strictly in order of delivery.

No paints, other than water based and bituminous paint, shall be delivered in containers
exceeding 5 litres capacity.

U.5 Same makers materials used for coating

While materials for the work may be obtained from several makers, undercoats and
finishing coats for a particular surface must be obtained from the same maker, (i.e. one
maker’s undercoat).

U.6 Information and facilities to suppliers

Page 153 of 193

 The Contractor shall supply manufacturers with all relevant details of the materials required
to comply with the description in this Document and the manufacturers shall be given every
facility for inspecting the work during progress in order to ascertain that the materials are
being used in accordance with their instructions, and they are to be allowed to take
samples of their products from the site if they so desire.

U.7 Storage

All materials shall be kept in a dry, clean store, protected from the element.

U.8 Remedying defects due to defective materials

All materials, which in the opinion of the Architect are unsatisfactory shall be immediately
removed from the site and any work executed with such defective materials shall be made
good by the Contractor, at his expense, to the satisfaction of the Architect.

U.9 Knotting

Stopping for:-

a) plasterwork, shall be a plaster based filler

b) cocnrete, rendering or blockwork, shall be of similar material to the background and

shall be finished with a similar texture.

c) Asbestos cement and asbestos based insulating board, shall be a composition of

asbestos filler and cement.

d) Internal woodwork, hardboard and plywood, shall be putty complying with B.S. 544,

f) Clear finished woodwork, shall be stopping tinted to match the surrounding

woodwork.

U.11 Linseed oil

Refined linseed oil shall comply with B.S. 242

Raw linseed oil shall comply with B.S. 243

Boiled linseed oil shall comply with B.S. 259

U.12 White spirit

White spirit shall comply with B.S. 245.

U.13 Size

Size shall comply with B.S. 3357.

U.14 Cement paint

Cement paint shall be “Snowcem”, “Cempexo”, or other approved.

U.15 Emulsion paint

Emulsion paint (interior and/or exterior), shall have a P.V.A. base and shall be of an
approved brand. The first coat shall be thinned in accordance with the manufactures

Page 154 of 193

 instructions. Where described as applied externally, the paint shall incorporate an
approved fungicide to prevent fungus growth.

U.16 Black bituminous paint

Black bituminous paint shall comply with B.S. 3416, Type 1 for general use, Type ii for
drinking water tanks.

U.17 Primer for alkaline surfaces

Primer for alkaline surfaces shall be a special primer obtained from the manufacturer of the
udnercoat and finishing coat.

U.18 Primer for aluminium

Primer for new or weathered aluminium shall be zinc chromate priming paint in accordance
with DEF 1039.

U.19 Primer for bituminous surfaces

Primer for bituminous surfaces, to be finished with oil paint, shall contain leafing aluminium
flake.

U.20 Primer for iron and steelwork

Primer for iron and steelwork shall be:-

a) Lead based priming paint complying with B.S. 2523, Type B.

b) Calcium plumbate priming paint complying with B.S. 3698, Type A.

U.21 Primer for zinc or galvanised steel

Primer for weatheredor new zinc and galvanised surfaces shall be calcium plumbate paint
complying with B.S.3698, Type A.

U.22 Creosote type preservative

Creosote type preservative shall comply with B.S.144, or B.S. 3051.

U.23 Non-creosote type preservative shall be “Brunophen No.2”, “Rentokil QD” or other
approved.

U.24 Primer for hardboard

Primer for hardboard, not factory primed or sealed, shall be a suitable primer obtained from
the maker of the undercoat and finishing coat.

U.25 Primer for woodwork

Primer for internal woodwork, other than the internal surfaces of external doors, windows
and their frames and backs of frames and linings, etc. in contact with masonary, concrete
or plaster, shall be leadless white or light grey priming paint not darker than 9-093 of B.S.
4800 which shall be compatible with the subsequent coats and obtained from the same
maker.

Primer for external woodwork and the internal surfaces of external doors, windows and
their frames, and the backs of all frames, linings, etc., in contact with masonary, cocnrete
or palster shall be lead based pink priming paint complying with B.S. 2521.
Page 155 of 193
U.26 Oil paints

Hard gloss, semi-gloss matt and flat oil paints, and respective undercoats, shall be
approved quality, as appropriate.

U.27 Polyurethane lacquer

Polyurethane lacquer shall be an approved single pack or two pack lacquer as described of
interior or exterior quality, as appropriate.

U.28 Decorative wood preservative

Decorative wood preservative shall be “Pinotex”, “Timberguard” or other equal and

approved.

Preparation of surfaces

U.29 Approval

The preparation of all surfaces must be seen and approved by the Architect before any
coatings are applied.

U.30 Stopping

Stopping referred to in the following clauses shall be the appropriate stopping herein
before described.

U.31 Plaster, rendering, cocnrete blockwork and brickwork

All plaster or mortar spalcshes, etc shall be removed from plaster rendering, cocnrete,
blockwork and brickwork by careful scraping; all holes, cracks, etc., shall be stopped and
the whole of the surfaces shall be brushed down to remove dust and loose materials. In
addition, all traces of mould oil shall be removed from cocnrete surfaces by scrubbing with
water and detergent and rinsing with clean water to remove all detergent.

When efflorescence has occurred, or is suspected, painting shall be deferred for a period
as required by the Architect.

U.32 Asbestos cement

All plaster or mortar splashes etc., shall be removed from asbestos cement by careful
scraping. All oil and grease spots shall be removed with white spirit. All holes shall be
stopped and the whole of the surfaces brushed down to remove dust and loose material.

U.33 Lead and copper

Led and copper surfaces shall be washed with soap and water roughed with abrasive
paper and washed with white spirit.

U.34 Aluminium

Aluminium surfaces shall be washed with white spirit and either carefully roughed with
abrasive paper or treated with etching solution in accordance with the makers instructions.

U.35 Iron and steel

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 Before fixing, all rust and scale shall be removed from iron and steel surfaces by wire-
brushing, scraping, hammering, flame cleaning etc.

U.36 Zinc and galvanised surfaces

Zinc and galvanised surfaces shall be washed with white spirit.

U.37 Hardwood

All dirt and grease shall be removed from hardwood surfaces. After priming, all nail holes
and other imperfections shall be stopped.

U.38 Fibreboard

All dirt shall be brushed off from fibreboard surfaces. After priming all nail holes and other
imperfections shall be stopped.

U.39 Plywood

Surfaces of plywood to be painted shall be filled as required with a plaster based filler for
internal work, and a filler as described in “stopping” herebefore for external work, and then
rubbed down and all dust and loose materials brushed off.

U.40 Woodwork to be painted

Before fixing woodwork, all surfaces which will be visible after fixing shall be rubbed down
and all knots and resin pockets shall be scroched back and coated with knotting.

After priming and fixing, all nail holes and other impefections shall be stopped and the
whole surface shall be rubbed down and all dust brushed off.

U.41 Woodwork to receive clear finish

All holes and other imperfections in surfaces to receive a clear finish shall be stopped and
the whole surface shall be rubbed down to a fine satin finish and all dust brushed off.

Workmanship

U.42 Standard of workmanship

Prior ro the commencement of internal or external decoration, areas not exceeding 50

square metres in total area, and designated by the Architect, shall be completely
decorated, and after approval shall be used as a standard for the whole of the works. Any
additional cost involved in carrying out such decoration in advance of the general work
shall be deemed be included in the Contract Sum. Such decorated surfaces shall be made
good and touched up as necessary prior ro the handing over of the works.

U.43 Stirring of materials

The contents of all cans and containers of all materials must be properly and thoroughly
stirred before and during use and shall be suitably strained as and when necessary.

U.44 Manufacturers instructions

All materials shall be used strictly in accordance with instructions issued by the
manufacturers concerned. The addition of thinners, driers or other materials will only be
permitted when specially required by the maker and the procedure approved by the
Architect.

Page 157 of 193

U.45 Brush work

Unless otherwise described, all coatings shall be applied by rush. Written permission must
be obtained from the Architect for the application of coatings by spray or roller where not so
described, and if permission is granted, such application shall not result in extra cost to the
Employer.

U.46 Priming of joinery

Joinery shall be delivered to the site unprimed and is to be protected from rain and damp
during transit. It is to be stored in clean, dry, ventilated structures and no primer shall be
apllied while the timber is in any way damp. The stores and drying room shall be adequate
size to allow for proper coating and storage of primed work. Primer shall be applied as
soon as possible after inspection and acceptance of the joinery by the Architect.

U.47 Condition of priming

If, by the time that the work is to receive the first undercoat, the priming coat has in any
way deteriorated, or has been damaged, the affected portions or the whole, if necessary,
shall be rubbed down and re-primed.

In the case of artcicles primed at works, the priming shall be touched up where required
with a similar primer.

U.48 Coating to be dry

All coatings shall be allowed to be dry thoroughly before succeeding coats are applied.

U.49 Rubbing down

All undercoats for oil paints an clear finishes shall be rubbed down to a smooth surface
with abrasive paper, and all dust removed before the succeeding coat is applied.

U.50 Differing colours of undercoats

Each succeeding coat of priming and undercoating paint shall be sufficiently different in
colour as to be readily distinguishable.

U.51 Painting in unsuitable conditions

No coatings shall be applied to surfaces affected by wet, damp or other unsuitable

conditions, or to any surface damp with moisture.

U.52 Protection of wet surfaces

Adequate care msut be taken to protect surfaces while still wet by the use of screens and
‘wet paint’signs, where necessary.

U.53 Damage to adjoining surfaces

Care must be taken in storing materials, preparing surfaces or painting, etc., not to damage
or stain other work. The Contractor shall remove such stains, make good, and touch up.

U.54 Cleanliness

All brushes, tools and equipment shall be kept in a clean condition and surfaces shall be
clean and free from dust during painting.

Painting shall not be carried out in the vicinity of other operations which might cause dust.
Page 158 of 193
 The Contractor shall provide a suitable moveable receptacle into which are to be placed all
the liquids, slop washings, etc., which are on no account to be thrown down of the gullies,
manholes, sinks, lavatories, W.C.’s or any other sanitary fittings. All solid refuse or
inflammable residues must be removed from the site or burned.

U.55 Removal of ironmongery, etc

All surface fixed ironmongery, fittings, etc., except hinges, shall be removed before
painting and refixed on completion.

Repainting existing painted surfaces

U.56 General preparation

The Contractor is to carefully examine all surfaces to be redecorated for signs of any
defects in the underlying structure. Signs of any dampness, alkali action and loose or
unsound plasterwork, loose putty, etc., are to be reported to the Architect before any
further work on that area is put in hand.

U.57 Preparation of plastered surfaces

(a) To be repainted with plastic emulsion or distemper

After general examination of surfaces for defects as described above, the surfaces
are to be washed and brushed down with a stiff fibre brush to remove dust or dirt
preparatory to applying paint and all small cracks are to be made good with hard
stopping.

(b) To be repainted with oil paint

After general examination of surfaces for defects as described above, the surfaces
are to be washed and brushed down with a stiff fibre brush to remove dust or dirt
preparatory to applying paint and all small cracks are to be made good with had
stopping.

Rub down paint which, in the opinion of the Architect, is sound, firmly adhering and
without sign of udnerlying defect, with waterproof glass paper as required to form a
good key; rub downcrazed, flakd, peeling, blistered, loose and rough local patches
as required to produce a fair and even srface throughout, remove areas of defective
paint and wash down with clean water.

Bring forward local areas from which paint has been removed and other slight
iregularities with alkali-resistant primer, filler and one undercoat,

Page 159 of 193

 DRAINAGE

LIST OF CLAUSES

GENERALLY

V.1 Specification to other sections

V.2 Notices
V.3 Drainage Bye-laws
V.4 Inspections
V.5 Levels of existing drains

MATERIALS

V.6 Salt-glazed ware spigot and socket pipes and specials

V.7 Concrete pipes and specials
V.8 Concrete porous pipes
V.9 Concrete Drain invent Blocks
V.10 Concrete Slabs for open drains
V.11 Agricultural Tiles and pipes
V.12 Cast Iron Pipes and Specials
V.13 Manhole covers and frames
V.14 Gulley Grafting and Frames
V.15 Precast Concrete manholes and Inspection Chambers
V.16 Precast Concrete Gullies
V.17 Manhole Step Irons
V.18 PVC Pipes
V.19 Pitch Fibre Pipes
V.20 Mesh reinfrocement

WORKMANSHIP

V.21 Setting out

V.22 Excavation
V.23 Planking and strutting
V.24 Backfilling
V.25 Laying drains
V.26 Pitch impregnated fibre drains
V.27 P.V.C. drains
V.28 Cast iron drains
V.29 Concrete beds, haunches and coverings
V.30 Sleeves
V.31 Benching
V.32 Bedding and sealing covers and frames
V.33 Testing
V.34 Clean and flush all drains

DRAINAGE

V.6 Salt-glazed ware spigot and socket pipes and specials

Salt-glazed ware spigot and socket pipes and specials shall comply with the requirements
of British Standard 65: salt-glazed wars pipes. Unless otherwise stated in the Bills of
Quantities, they shall be of British Standard quality as defined therein.

Page 160 of 193

V.7 Concrete pipes and specials

Concrete pipes and specials shall comply with the requirements of British Standards 556 or
4101 as appropriate. They shall carry the British Standard Institution registration
certification trade mark, or test certificates shall be furnished by the manufacturer.

V.8 Concrete porous pipes

Concrete corous pipes shall comply with the requirements of British Standard 1194:
Concrete Porous Pipes for under-drainage.

V.9 Concrete drain invert blocks

Precast concrete invert locks shall be manufactured to the detailed drawings supplied from
concrete as specified using maximum 12mm aggregate. If required, cube test certificates
shall be supplied by the manufacturers.

V.10 Concrete slabs for open drains

Precast concrete slabs for lining open drains shall be manufactured to the detailed
drawings supplied from concrete as specified using maximum 12mm aggregate. If
required, cube test certificates shall be supplied by the manufacturer.

V.11 Agricultural tiles and pipes

Agricultural tiles and pipes shall be best well burnt earthware true and circular in bore and
with an extremely flat bottom and plain ends suitable for laying with open or butt joints.

V.12 Cast iron pipes and specials

Cast iron pipes, bends, junctions and fittings shall be provided with spigot and socket joints
and shall comply with the requirements of British Standard 78: Cast from pipes (vertically
cast) for water, gas and sewage. Class B pipes shall be used, and they shall carry the
British Standard Institution registered certification trade mark, or test certificates shall be
furnished by the manufacturers.

V.13 Manhole covers and frames

Manhole covers and frames shall be basically in accordance with the requirements of B.S.
497: Cast Manholes Covers, Road Gulley Gratings and Frames for drainage purposes
except that the manhole covers shall be constructed of mild steel. Concrete filled in
accordance with the Council’s standard detailed drawings.

Foul water sewer manholes shall have triangular Grade A heavy duty covers and frames.
Circular manhole covers and frames shall be used on surface water sewer manholes.

V.14 Gulley gratings and frames

Gulley gratings and frames shall be basically in accordance with the requirements of B.S.
497, nominal size 500mm x 250 mm except that the gulley gratings shall be constructed of
mild steel. Concrete filled in accordance with the Council’s standard detailed drawings.

Where indicated as being kero inlet type, the gullies shall conform to the shape and
dimensions given on the detail drawings supplied but in respect of materials and
workmanship conform to B.S.497.

V.15 Precast concrete manholes and inspection chambers

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 Precast concrete manholes and inspection chambers shall comply with the requirements of
British Standard 556: Concrete Cylindrical Pipes and Fittings including Manholes,
Inspection Chambers and Street Gullies and they shall carry the British Standard Institution
registered certification trade mark, or test certificates shall be furnished by the
manufacturers.

V.16 Precast concrete gullies

Precast concrete gullies shall be unreinforced and shall comply with the requirements of
British Standard 556: Concrete Cyndrical Pipes and Fittings including Manholes……….,
Inspections Chamber and Street Gullies.

V.17 Manhole step irons

Step irons of general purpose type shall comply in all respects with B.S. 1247: Maileable
irons.

V.18 PVC Pipes

PVC pipes and fittings shall be Key Terrain 1800 PVC underground system of other equal
and approved manufacturing source.

V.19 Pitch fibre pipes

Pitch fibre pipes, pends, junctions and taper joints shall comply with the requirements of
British Standard 2760: Pitch-impregnated Fibre Drain and Sewer Pipes except that they
shall be perforated if so shown on the drawings or required by the Bills of Quantities. They
shall carry the British Standards Institution registered certification trade mark or test
certificates shall be furnished by the manufacturers.

V.20 Mesh reinforcement

Mesh reinforcement shall be steel fabric complying with BS 4483.

WORKMANSHIP

V.21 Setting out

The Contractor shall set out all drains in accordance with the drawings and provide all
profiles, etc., necessary for the execution of the work.

V.22 Excavation

The bottoms of all excavations shall be trimmed and consolidated to the correct levels.
Unauthorised excavations below the required level shall be filled with concrete of the same
composition as for drain beds at the contractor’s expense.

Where the bottom is insufficiently firm, the Contractor shall excavate until, in the Architect’s
opinion, a from bottom is obtained and the level shall be made up with concrete of the
same composition as for drain beds. Particulars of such additional work shall be agreed
with the Architect’s representative before the work is covered up, otherwise no claim in this
respect will be entertained.

V.23 Planking and strutting

Care shall be taken not to undermine the foundations of the buildings and, if so directed by
the Architect, planking and strutting shall be left in, or other means adopted to protect the
foundations. Details of such additional items shall be agreed with the Architect’s

Page 162 of 193

 representative before the work is covered up otherwise no claim in this respect will be
entertained.

V.24 Backfilling

Trenches for pitch impregnated fibre or PVC pipes shall first be filled with selected
screened material carefully hand-tamped between the pipe and sides of the trench,
followed by 150mm – 200mm of similar material before the general filling is carried out.

Trenches for concrete or cast iron drains shall be filled to a depth of 300mm with selected
fine material carefully hand-packed around the pipe. On no account shall materials be
tipped into the trench until the first 300mm has been completed.

Filling shall be continued in layers not exceeding 300mm thick well rammed and, if
necessary watered.

U.25 Laying drains

Drains shall be laid truly straight on line and gradient with sockets upstream and the full
bore shall be unobstructed.

U.26 Pitch impregnated fibre drains

All hard obstructions shall be removed from trench bottoms before laying pitch
impregnated fibre pipes. The pipes shall be bedded in sand and laid and jointed in
accordance with Appendix ‘C’ to B.S. 2760.

U.27 P.V.C. drains

P.V.C. drain pipes shall be laid and jointed with elastomeric or solvent welded joints
entirely in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. Pipes shall be bedded in sand
after all hard obstructions have been removed from trench bottoms.

U.28 Cast iron drains

Cast iron drains shall be laid on concrete beds where specified or shown on the drawings
and shall be jointed with a gasket of hemp, well caulked, to a depth of 30mm for 100mm
pipes and 40mm for larger pipes, and remainder of the socket shall be filled with molten
lead or lead fibre solidly caulked.

Connections of iron to concrete drains shall be jointed as described for concrete drains.

Cast iron drains fixed to walls or beams shall be supported on brackets at 1,350mm
centres.

Gullies, outlets, etc., on drains under concrete floors shall be set in position at correct
levels before the floors are laid.

U.29 Concrete drains

Concrete drains shall be jointed with one turn of tarred gaskin, well caulked and the
remainder of the socket filled with cement and sand (1:3), finished with an angle fillet
around the pipe. All surplus mortar shall be removed from the inside of the pipe with a
badger. Where pipes are sulphate resisting, the jointings mortar shall contain sulphate
resisting cement.

U.30 Concrete beds, haunches and coverings

Page 163 of 193

 Where specified or shown on drawings drains shall be laid on concrete (14N/sq mm – 40
mm aggregate) beds 100 mm thick, 400 mm wide for 100 mm diameter drains and 450 mm
wide for 150 mm diameter drains. The concrete shall be haunched up on both sides of the
barrel to give lateral support.

Where drains, other than cast drains, are laid under buildings or pavings carrying vehicular
traffic, they shall be completely surrounded in concrete (14N/sq mm – 40mm aggregate)
150 mm thick, (i.e. 400 x 400 mm overall for 100 mm pipes and 450 mm x 450 mm overall
for 150 mm pipes).

Gullies shall be bedded and surrounded in concrete 14N/sq - 40 mm aggregate) minimum

150 mm thick all round.

U.31 Sleeves

All drains passing through walls or foundations shall have sleeves of cast iron pipe of
sufficient size to allow a clearance round the drain.

U.32 Benching

Benching in bottoms of manholes shall be concrete (14N/sq mm – 40 mm aggregate) with

falls of not less than 10qor to channels finished with cement and sand (1:2) 25mm thick,
trowelled hard and smooth with all angles rounded.

U.33 Bedding and sealing covers and frames

Frames to manholes shall be tested for water-tightness and straightness to satisfaction,

and in the presence, of the Architect and the Local Authority, Drains shall be filled with
water to a head of 1.50 metres and are to be tested in sections agreed with the Architect:

(i) after joining

(ii) after haunching and backfilling

(iii) after completion of the works

The contractor shall provide all necessary testing apparatus and shall carry out such other
tests as are required by the Architect and the Local Authority.

U.25 Clean and flush all drains

All drains, gullies, manholes, etc., shall be cored, cleaned and flushed on completion.

Page 164 of 193

 ROADWORKS

LIST OF CLAUSES

X.1 Materials and Testing of Materials

X.2 Portland Cement
X.3 Hydrated Lime
X.4 Aggregate
X.5 Crusher Run Material
X.6 Hard Packed Stone Base Course and Sub-Base Material
X.7 Surface Dressing
X.8 Waterbound Stone Base Material
X.9 Premix Weaving Course and Base Course Aggregate
X.10 Bitumen Grouted Stone Base Course Aggregate
X.11 Bitumen and Bitumen Emulsion
X.12 Sampling of Bitumen and Bitumen Emulsion
X.13 Tests for “ “ “
X.14 Testing of concrete
X.15 Tolerances
X.16 Materials Tolerances
X.17 Slope Tolerances
X.18 Widths of Cuttings and Embarkments Tolerances
X.19 Compaction Tolerances
X.20 Concretework Tolerance
X.21 Precast concrete Kabs, Channels and Quadrants
X.22 “ “ Edgings
X.23 Concrete Beddings and Haunching for kerbs and Quadrants
X.24 Cut-off walls
X.25 Precast Concrete Flag Paving
X.26 Murram Footways
X.27 permanent Traffic Signs
X.28 Murram
X.29 Water for Cement Treated Materials

ROADWORKS

MATERIALS AND TESTING OF MATERIALS

a) Acceptable Standards of Materials

All materials used in or upon the works shall be to the satisfaction of the Engineer
and, where specified shall comply with the appropriate Specification named, e.g.
British Standards Institution (hereinafter referred to as the ‘B.S.”): American Society
for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or American Association of State Highway
Officials (AASHO) including any subsequent revisions of such Specifications.
Materials complying with Specifications other than those quoted will be accepted in
lieu provided the quality is comparable with the Specification named but tenderers
should ascertain before tendering whether or not any such other specification is
acceptable.

Page 165 of 193

 Similarly, where a material has been specified by manufacturer’s Trade name, the
product of another manufacturer will be accepted provided it is in all respects of
equivalent or higher quality.

Samples of all materials proposed to be used shall be submitted to the Engineer,

and shall be tested where required and receive his approval prior ro being delivered
in bulk upon the works. The Contractor shall provide all samples free of charge.

c) Range of Testing

As provided in Clause 36 of the Conditions of Contract and in accordance with the

Specification quoted for any material used on the works of this Contract, tests may be
called for by the Engineer to be carried out at the place of manufacture or on the site. The
Contractor may assume that tests will be required on all materials including sand, stone,
road stone, cocnrete pipes, proprietory cocnrete products, reinforcment, welding, bitumen
and bitumen products.

Where a sample complies with the Specification, the cost of testing ordered by the
Engineer will be borne by the Client, but where a sample fails to comply with the
Specification, the cost of testing will be borne by the Contractor who shall make due
allowance in his prices for this and rendering any assitance required in carying out
tests.

Loading tests on structure will not generally be called for unless specifically
mentioned elsewhere.

All samples shall be obtained, and tests are to be carried out in accordance with
Specifications quoted. Techniques or tests adopted within the Ministry of Transport
and Communications but which are not explicitly in these standards are as detailed
in (c) below.

(c) Sample preparation and test procedures peculiar to Ministry of Transport and
Communications

i) Preparation of gravel Samples:

Materials such as murram or soft rock which are agglomerations of

materials and not discrete particles (such as quartz gravel) are first broken
(usually by hand hammers) to pass a 20mm slays. The materials shall not
be broken more than necessary to achieve this state.

ii) Moisture Content:

Wherever possible, moisture contents determined by the oven method shall

be used. Where for filed control purposes, it is necessary to use other
methods the various methods shall not be mixed.

iii) Bitumen Affinity of Stone

Stone between 20 mm and 13 mm in size and 3.5% bitumen at standard

working tempeatures ar mixed, allowed to stand for 24 hours, then
immersed in distilled water and inspected 24 hours later for signs of
stripping.

iv) A L D (Average least Dimensions) of Aggregate:

The average least dimension of a sample of aggregate shall be determined

by obtaining and averaging the thickness (least dimension between two

Page 166 of 193

 parallel planes) of all the pieces in the sample. The sample shall contain at
least 100 pieces.

d) Abbreviations

The following abbreviations are used in this Specification:

Aggregate Crushing Value ACV

Los Angeles Abrasion LAA

British Standard Compaction Test B S Compaction test

5.5 1b. Rammer Method

California Bearing Ration CBR

Maximum Dry Density MDD

Optimum Moisture Content OMC

Plasticity Index P1

Liquid Limit LL

Sodium Sulphate Soundness SSS

Unconfined Compressive Strength UCS

Linear Shrinkage LS

X.2 Portland Cement

Ordinary

All cement used upon the works shall be Ordinary Portland cement unless otherwise
specified or permitted by the Engineer, complying with B.S. 12 in all respects.

The Contractor shall supply with each consignment of cement a copy of the invoice stating
the quantity delivered, the maker’s name and also the maker’s certificate showing that
each consignment has been tested and analysed and conforms with the B.S. 12. The
cement will be subject to such test in accordance with B.S. 12 as the Engineer may deem
necessary and he may reject any cement which proves unsatisfactory notwithstanding the
maker’s certificates.

All cement shall be stored in a waterproof shed on a wooden floor raised at least 0.15m
above the surrounding ground and any cement injurously affected by damp or other cause
shall be open to inspection by the Engineer at all reasonable times. Each consignment
shall be stored separately and used in order of delivery.

Rapid Hardening

Where the Engineer orders or permits rapid hardening cement to be used in lieu of
ordinary Porland cement, it shall
comply in all respects with B.S. 12 and all special conditions applicable to its use stipulated
by the manufacturers shall be observed.

The conditions specified in Clause 202 for ordianry Portland cement shall apply.

X.3 Hydrated Lime

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 Lime for stabilization shall be Hydrated Calcium Lime (not of Lime to B.S. 890 and
Contractors are advised, prior ro tendering to ascertain from the Chief Materials Engineer,
Ministry of Transport and Communications, What local times may be suitable . All
percentages of lime specified are based upon Hydrated Calcium Limes complying with
B.S. 890 and an adjsutment of these percentages May be required for some locally made
limes.

The Contractor shall submit with all consignments the manufacturer’s certificate that it
complies with B.S. 890 or his chemical analysis.

X.4 Aggregate

Aggregate shall consist of sharp sand or crusher dust, or a mixture of these, and hard
durable crushed or knapped locally occurring stone to the approval of the Engineer. All
aggregate shall be free from clay, shale, pryrites and all other impurities. The coarse part
of the aggregate shall be roughly cubicle in shape and free from excess of flat and/or
elongated particles. The grading of the aggregate shall be according to fable 1 Section 17.
Concrete Works (excluding Pre-stressed).

In respect of purity and soundness, the aggregate shall in all respects, comply with B.S.
882.

X.5 Crusher run material

The aggregate shall consist of crushed stone which is tough and durable, roughly cubicle
in shape and free from excess of flat and/or elongated particles, clay, top soil or other
cleterious matter and shall be to the approval of the Engineer

The rock from which the stone is to be produced shall comply with the following:

Aggregate Crushing Value : Not greater than 35%

Los Angeles Abrasion value : Not greater than 50%

Sodium Sulphate Soundness Test : Loss on 5 cycles to be not less

Than 12%

The grading shall conform to the grading requirements given in the table:

B S Sieve Size Percentage Passing

by Weight

50 mm 100
25 mm 75 – 95
10 mm 40 – 70
5 mm 30 – 60
No. 7 20 – 45
No. 36 15 – 30
No. 200 5 – 15*

The percentage passing No.200 sieve shall not be more than one-half

Added fines: a) Up to 15% may be added

b) P 1 of fines shall not be grater than 6.

Page 168 of 193
 and LL not greater than 20.

Sampling of rock and crusher run material shall be in accordance with B.S. 812.
of that passing No.36 sieve.

X.6 Hand packed stone base course and sub-base metrial

a) General Requirements:

The rock from which the stones and screenings are to be produced shall comply with the
following:

A C V : Not greater than 40%

L A A : Not greater than 60%

SSS : Loss on 5 cycles to be not more than 12%

b) Stones:

The stones shall be free from an excess of flat or a slongated particles soft and less
durable rock, clay, loam, top soil and other deleterious matter and shall be to the approval
of the Engineer.

The grading for coarse aggregate shall be as follows:

B S Sieve Size Percentage Passing

by Weight

75 mm (3”) 100
63 mm (2.5”) 90 –100
50 mm (2”) 35 –70
25 mm (1”) 0 –15
20 mm (3/4”) 0 -5

c) Binder Materials

Soil binder material, which may, with the Engineer’s approval be added to the
screenings or used in lieu of the screenings or used in lieu of the screenings, shall
comply to either of the following requirements.

i) The fraction passing B S Sieve No.200 shall be less than half that passing
No.36 sieve

ii) P 1 not greater than 8, and preferably not greater than 5.

X.7 Surface Dressing Chippings

a) Generally

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 All chippings shall consist of tough durable crushed stone preferably cubicle in
shape and absolutely free from visible stone dust and harmful meterial such as
clay, lime, organic matter or other deleterious substances.

The rock from which the chippings are to be produced, shall comply with the
following:

A C V : Not greater than 22%

L A A : Not greater than 28%

SSS : Loss on 5 cycle to be not more than 12%

The larger stones shall have a maximum dimension slightly greater than the
thickness of the required compacted layer and be of a shape acceptable to the
Engineer.

The smaller stones shall have a reasonable uniform grading and be of a nominal
size suitable. In the opinion of the Engineer, for filling the surface voids of the as
placed large stones. The nominal size will be of the order of 50 mm (2”).

b) Screenings

The screenings shall consist of tough durable crushed rock, free from an axcess of flat
elongated soft or disintegrated pieces and harmful material such as loam, clay, organic
matter, or other deleterious substances and shall be to the Engineer’s approval.

The grading of the screenings shall form a smooth curve and shall be within and
approximately parallel to the following grading limits:

B S Sieve Percentage by
Size weight
Passing B.S.
Sieves

3/8” 100
3/16” 85 – 100
No.36 30 – 50
No.100 10 – 30
No. 200 0 – 20

Sandy soil which may, with the approval of the Engineer, be added to the
screenings or used in lieu of the screenings, shall comply with the following
requirements:

i) It shall consist mainly of sand sizes and have a reaonable smooth grading.

ii) The fraction passing No.200 sieve shall be less than the weight passing No.36
sieve.

iii) P 1 shall not be greater than 3.

Page 170 of 193

X.8 Waterbound stone base material

a) General Requirements

The rock from which the aggregate is to be produced is to be produced shall

comply with the following:

A C V of stone: Not greater than 35%

L A A of stone: Not greater than 50%

S S S of stone : Loss of 5 cycles to be not more than 12%

b) Course Aggregate

The coarse aggregate and screenings shall consist of tough, durable crushed stone, free
from excess of flat, elongated, soft or disintegrated pieces and harmful material such as
loam, clay, organic matter or other deleterious substances and shall be to the Engineer’s
approval.

c) Grading

Chippings for surface treatment work shall comply with B.S. 63 single sized Roadstone and
chippings except that the maximum permissible flakiness index shall not exceed 20%. The
following table is appended for information:

Percentage by
Weight Passing
B.S. Nominal
Sizes

B S Sieve 20 mm 13 mm 10 mm 6.3 mm 3 mm
(3/4”) (1/2”) (3/8”) (1/4”) (1/8”)

(3/4”) 20 mm 85 – 100 100

(1/2”) 13 mm 0 – 35 85 – 100
(3/8”) 10 mm 0–7 0 – 45 100
(1/4”) 6.3mm 0 -7 85 - 45 100 100
(3/16”) 5 mm 0 -2 0 – 10 85 – 100 85 – 100
(1/8”) 3 mm 0–2 0–2
No.7 0 – 35
No.10 0 – 10 0 – 10
No.14 0–2 0 -2
No.25

Despite the provisions of this B.S.. the Engineer may accept chippings which do not
comply with the requirements in respect of flakiness index, specified size and
oversize fraction of the aggregate. Contractors are advised to submit samples of
chippings for test and approval.

d) Deleterious Substances

The percentage by weight of deleterious substances in the chippings shall not

exceed the following:

Soft Fragments 2.0%

Page 171 of 193
 Clay Lumps 0.25%
Humus 0.25%
Removal of decantation 1.0%

e) Other Properties

In the event of suitable tests and service records of the chippings, satisfactory to
the Engineer, not being available, the chippings shall be subjected to such other
tests as are necessary to determine its acceptability for surface necessary to
determine its acceptability for surface treatment such as specific gravity absorption
detrographic analysis, alkali aggregate recations, bitumen affinity etc.

X.9 Premix wearing course and base course aggregate

a) General Requirements

The aggregate for premix wearing course and base course shall consist of tough, durable,
crushed stone, and shall be clean, free from visible dust and harmful material. Such as
loam, salt, lime, organic matter or other deleterious substances and shall be to the
approval of the Engineer.

The rock from which the aggregate is to be produced shall comply with the
following:

A C V : Not greater than 26% wearing course 30% base course

L A A : Not greater than 30% wearing course 42% base course

SSS : Loss on 5 cycles to be not more than 12%

Bitumen Affinity: To be good

The Flakiness Index on the aggregate shall not be greater than 20%.

b) The grading of the aggregate shall be as follows:

Nominal
Maximum
Size of
Aggregate
mm.

B S Sieve 40 25 20 13 10 5
Size

50.8(2”) 100 100

38.1(1/12” 85 - 100
)
25.4(1”) 75 - 90 85 - 100 100
65 - 82 75 - 95 85 - 100 100

12.7(1”) 55 - 70 60 - 80 75 - 90 85 – 100 100

19.1(3/4”) 45 - 65 52 - 72 65 - 80 75 – 95 85 - 100 100

4.8(3/16”) 30 - 50 35 - 55 45 - 65 50 – 70 65 – 80 70 – 95
No.7 20 - 40 20 – 40 30 - 50 35 – 55 45 - 60 50 – 70

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No.36 7 - 20 8 – 20 10 - 22 12 – 23 18 – 35 20 – 35
No.200 2-6 4–8 12 - 23 4–8 5-9 5–9

X.10 Bitumen Grouted stone base course aggregate

a) General Requirements:

The rock from which the stone, choke and chippings are to be produced shall
comply with the following:

A C V : Not greater than 26%

L A A : Not greater than 36.5%

SSS : Loss on 5 cycles to be not more than 12%

Bitumen Affinity : to be good

The aggregate shall consist of tough, durable crushed stone, preferably cubicle in
shape and shall be clean free from visible dust and harmful material such as loam,
clay salt, lime, organic matter or other deleterious substances, and shall be to the
approval of the Engineer.

The aggregates shall have a flakiness index not greater than 20%.

b) Penetration course stone:

The grading of stone for a penetration course shall be within the limits given in
Table 1 in this clause for material for a course of thickness between 60 – 100 mm or
of 40 – 60 mm respectively.

TABLE 1

B S Sieve Percentage by Weight Passing by sieves

Course Thickness Course Thickness

60 – 100mm 40 – 60 mm
76.2 mm (3”) 100
63.2 mm (2.5”) 90 - 100 100
50.8 mm (2”) 35 - 70 90 - 100
38.1 mm (2.5”) 0 - 15 20 - 55
25.4 mm (1”) - 0 - 15
19 mm (3/4”) - -
12.7 mm (1/2”) 0-5 0-5
9.5 mm (3/8”) - -

TABLE 2

Percentage by weight passing by

Sieves
Page 173 of 193
B.S. Sieve Size Course Thickness Course Thickness
60 – 200mm 40 – 60 mm

25.4 mm (1”) 100 100

19 mm (2.5”) 90 - 100 -
12.7 mm (0.5”) - 40 - 70
9.5 mm (3/8”) 20- 55 0 - 15
4.8 mm (3/16”) 0 - 10 0-5
2.4 mm No.7 0-5

c) Sealing Chippings:

The grading of sealing chippings shall be within the limits given in Clause 208 of the
specification for surface dressing chippings.

X.11 Bitumen and bitumen emulsion

a) General Requirements

Before any bitumen emulsion is delivered upon the site, the Contractor shall provide the
Engineer with a certificate from the manufacturer that the material to be supplied complies
in all respects to the relevant specification given or referred to hereinafter.

Any bitumen or bitumen emulsion delivered in leaking containers or deteriorated in

the containers may be rejected.

The types of bitumen binders required will normally be as follows:

i) Prime Coat:

On stone base course ) R C 70 or M C 70

On stabilized base course) alternatively R C I or M C I

ii) Premix and surface dressing:

Above 2.000m 180x200 Penetration

Below 2.000m 80 x 100 Penetration

iii) Grouted stone:

80/100 Penetration

Penetration Grade Bitumen – shall comply with the requirements given in

Table 1 in this clause.

Cutback Grades of PenetrationBitumen – shall comply with the requirements

given in Table 2 or 3 in this clause for rapid during (RC) and Table 4 or 5 in
this clause for medium during (MC).

Bitumen Emulsion Additive - shall comply with a B.S. 434

Bitumen Road Emulsion, section
3 clause 10 – 13 and 15.

Bitumen Additive - shall be Erol Asco 6671 as supplied by:

Page 174 of 193

 Joseph Well & Son Limited
Friars House
39 – 41 New Broad Street
London E C 2
ENGLAND

Or other similar approved materials.

X.12 Sampling of Bitumen and Bitumen Emulsion

a) General

Every precaution shall be taken to obtain samples that will show the true nature and
condition of the material. A sample should not include material other than that to be
sampled, and should not be altered, e.g. by evaporation of volatile constituents or
by oxidation in the process of sampling.

b) Penetration Grade Bitumen and Cutback Penetration Grade

Bitumen:

Sampling is to be carried out in accordance with standard methods of sampling

bituminous materials given under AASHD Designation T.40. It is required,
however, that the load sinker shown in fig.1 – Bottle sampler for Tank Bars be fixed
externally since irregularities in the metal may retain material which will
contaminate the sample if the weight is fitted in the interior, alternative designs are
given in B.S. 3195 and also in duplication of Institute of Petroleum standard for
Testing Petroleum and its products under 1P 51 Section 35.

It is possible that suitable sampling equipment will be available at the Material

Branch Ministry of Transport and Communications and applciation for use of such
equipment should be made to the Chief Material Engineer. Suitable friction top tin
plated cans are manufactured in Kenya and are referred to as having cushion ring
and cap they should have seams soldered only on the outside.

c) Sampling is to be carried out in accordance with Section 2 of B.S. 434 except that
where a delivery is made in drums or barrels, the number of samples obtained shall
depend upon the number of drums or barrels consituting the deliver concerned and
be in accordance with the Table given below:

Packages in shipment Packages selected

2 to 8 2
9 to 27 3
28 to 64 4
65 to 125 5
126 to 216 6
217 to 343 7
344 to 512 8
513 to 729 9
730 to 1000 10

Samples taken shall be placed in wide-mouth glass jars.

d) Sample sizes (with S1 equivalents)

a. Liquid material and materials made liquid by heating

Page 175 of 193

 i) For routine laboratory examination – Penetration grades and cutback
grades, 1 quart or litre Emulsion, 1 gallon or 5 litres.

ii) From bulk storage, during loading or filling distributors, tank cars or
trucks – gallons or 5 litres.

b. Semi-solid or solid materials

i) From barrels, drums or cakes –2 –3 pounds or 1 to 1.5 kilogrammes.

ii) From crushed or powdered material in bulk or page 2 to 3 pounds or

1 to 1.5 kilogrammes.

c. Cleaning of sample containers

Cans:

Particular care is necessary to ensure that cans are properly cleaned even
when new, as this cannot be checked by visual examiantion. Cans shall be
washed with solvent and dried with a clean dry cloth before being dried in an
oven at 105 degrees centigrades. It is essential that all traces for soldering
fluid, rust etc be removed.

Gas Jars

It is essential that jars should always be scrupulously clean. For samples for
reference tests, jars shall be cleaned by treatment with chromic acid and shall
then be well washed with water, followed by rinsing with distilled water and
drying in an oven at 105 degrees cnetigrade. Used jars shall first be cleaned
with a suitable hydro-carbon solvent, dried and then treated as above.

Cleaning of glassware with chromic acid should be undertaken only in a

laboratory or by persons fully conversant with the hazards entailed.

X.13 Tests for Bitumen and Bitumen Emulsions

a) Test for Penetration Grade Bitumen

Routine:

i) Penetration of Bituminous Materials ASTM D.5.

ii) Softening Point of Asphalts and Tap Pitches (Ring-and-ball Apparatus)

(Tentative) ASTM D.36.

iii) Solubility of Bitumens materials in organic Solvents ASTM d.14 Procedure

No.1 except that of carbon testrachloride shall be used in place of carbon
disulphide.

iv) Water in Petroleum and other Bituminous Materials ASTM d.95.

v) Specific Gravity of Road Oils, Road Tars, Asphalt Cements, and Soft Tar
Pitches ASTM d.70.

As required:

i) Ductility of Bituminous materials ASTM D.113

Page 176 of 193
 ii) Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup ASTM D.92

iii) Loss on Heating of oil and Asphalt Compounds ASTM D.6

iv) On residue from loss on Heating Test, Penetration of Bituminous Materials

ASTM D.

b) Tests for Cutback Grades of Penetration Bitumen

Routine:

i) Distillation of Cutback Asphalt Products ASTM d.402

ii) Penetration of Bituminous Materials ASTM D.5

iii) Softening Point of Asphalts and Tap Pitches (Ring- and – apparatus)
(Tentative) ASTM D.36.

iv) Solubility of Bituminous Materials in Organic Solvents ASTM D.4 procedure

No.1, except that of carbon tetrachoride shall be used in place of carbon
disulphide.

v) Ductility of Bituminous Materials ASTM D.++

c) Tests for Bitumen Road Emulsion

Routine:

i) Residue on No.B.S. Sieve Test A.B.S. 434

ii) Stability to mixing with Coarse Graded Aggregate Test C, B.S. 434

iii) Water Content, Test E. B.S. 434

As required:

i) Residue on a No.100 B.S. Sieve Test B.S. 434

ii) Stability of Bitumen Emulsion to mixing with Cement Test

iii) Sedimentation Test H. B.S. 434

X.14 Testing of Concrete

Method of Making Test Cubes

i) Test cubes shall be made by or under the supervision of the Engineer or his
representative from cocnrete placed in or about to be placed in the works.

ii) Test cubes shall be made, stored and cured and tested in accordance with B.S.
1881 Methods of Testing Concrete except that no 4”cubes will per permitted. The
method of compaction by hand or vibrator will be at the Engineer’s discretion.

X.15 Tolerances

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 This section deals with the range of tolerances that shall apply for different sages in
construction. The relevant tolerances are also given in each section for ease of reference.

The Engineer shall have the right to reject any work which fails to comply with these
tolerances and the Contractor shall at his own expense make good any defects as directed
by and to the satisfaction of the Engineer.

X.16 Materials Tolerances

For materials where B.S. shall apply unless otherwise specifically mentioned.

VARIATIONS
PERMITTED
NAME mm mm Mm Mm mm
Thickness Level 3mm Grade in
Straight 30mm
Edge
PREMIX + 6 mm + 40 mm + + 15 mm 0.1
WEARIN - 0 mm - 70 mm - 6 mm -
G
COURS
E
BASE + 10 mm + 35 mm + + 15mm 0.1
COURS - 0 mm - 70 mm - 6mm -
E
SUB- + 25 mm + 25 mm + + 15mm 0.1
BASE - 10 mm - 30 mm - 20 mm -
SUBGR N/A + 0 mm + 25 mm + 0 mm 0.1
ADE - 60 mm - - 30 mm
LAYERS
GRAVE - 25 mm + 0 mm + 25 mm + 25 mm 0.1
L - 60 mm -
WEARIN
G

Page 178 of 193

LANDSCAPING

12.1 Related documents

Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including other sections of the bills of quantities
and specifications, apply to work of this section.

12.2 Description of work

The term "landscaping" covers all soil preparation for planting work and all planting of trees,
shrubs, grass and other plant materials. Landscaping works shall only be undertaken by a
qualified landscape contractor or specialist to the approval of the Consultant.

The contractor will be required to produce a programme, available for inspection by the landscape
consultant, of his expected operation from the date of arrival on site until the date of practical
completion, within 14 days of appointment.

12.3 Product handling

All plant material is to be supplied to site by the contractor and maintained on site until such time
as the site is handed over to the Client. The contractor is to be responsible for all ordering,
inspections, and handling procedures and expenses which may be incurred through supply of
plant materials.

12.4 Job conditions

a) Prior to excavation of the planting areas and planting pits the contractor shall ascertain the
location of all utility lines, electric cables and conduits so that proper precautions may be taken not
to disturb these, both above and below ground level. Any damage caused by the contractor shall
be rectified at his own expense.

b) Existing vegetation: No existing trees or shrubs shall be removed, cut, or pruned, without
specific written instructions from the Consultant.

c) Storage of Materials and Working Areas: Within a tree's "dripline" the lighting of fires, erection
of temporary building, the temporary or permanent storage of building materials of any description,
the preparation of any building materials, (such as stone dressing, or carpentry workings), or any
other activity which may also be deemed detrimental to the health and vigour of the trees by the
Consultant shall be expressly forbidden.
d) Cutting and Pruning: Branches larger than 50mm in diameter may not be removed from any
tree without the approval or instructions of the Consultant. Roots larger than 50mm diameter
uncovered during the course of excavation may not be cut without the approval of the Consultant.

e) Excavation: Where the drawings necessitate work to be carried out beneath existing trees, all
care must be exercised during excavation. Hand tools are to be used whenever roots are
encountered.

f) Felling: Only those trees as directed by the Consultant may be removed. All other large trees,
small trees, shrubs and hedges are to be retained. and protected.

g) Plant Storage: Prior to plant material being delivered to the site, the Contractor must construct
a shade house for storage of the plants until planting. The shade house is to be constructed with a
flat roof covering of split bamboo poles (or approved equal) to allow filtered light through to the
plant material to be stored below. The sides of the shade house are to be similarly constructed of
split bamboo poles (or approved equal) to protect the plant material from intense solar radiation.

h) Planting of Plant Material: Plant material which has been supplied to the site "bare-rooted"
must be immediately planted into heavy-duty polythene plant bags in good quality top soil
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approved by the Consultant. This is to be done under the constant supervision of the contractor.
The plants are then to be stored in the shade house until they have fully recovered from
transplantation prior to planting on site.

i) The contractor is to provide all plants as specified, all red forest topsoil for planting areas, dry
well-rooted manure, bone meal and fertilizers as required.

PRODUCTS

12.5 Acceptable products

All plant materials must be obtained from reputable suppliers. The Contractor must supply a list of
his intend suppliers to the Consultant for approval prior to ordering.

12.6 Plant materials

Substitutions

No substitutions shall be accepted, except with the written permission of the Consultant.

Quality

a) All plants shall have normal, well developed branches and vigorous root systems. They shall
be sound, healthy, vigorous, free from defects, disfiguring knobs, abrasions of the bark, sunscald
injuries, plant diseases, insect eggs, borers and all other forms of infections.

b) All plants shall conform to the measurements and requirements in the plant list and
measurements specified shall be the minimum acceptable size for each species.

c) All shrubs and trees shall be container grown.

d) Plants must be well established in order that on removal, the root ball remains intact throughout
the planting operation.

a) Broad leaved trees are to be supplied to site in a healthy condition, with a well developed root
ball and crown with a clear, strong central leader with a minimum height of between 2.10 and 2.50
m and a clear stem free from side branches to a height of between 1.50 to 1.80m from ground
level and to the Consultant's approval. Such trees are to be planted as described below and as
shown in detail drawings.

b) Palms are to be supplied to site in a healthy condition with well developed root ball and a clear
strong central leader, to a minimum height of between 1.00 and 1.5m and to the Consultant's
approval.

c) Deciduous trees shall have straight bodies according to their habit and growth and shall be well
branched and rooted.

d) Evergreens shall be well branched and have ample well balanced root systems capable of
sustaining vigorous growth.

Nursery stock

a) Deciduous shade trees shall be straight and symmetrical with crown having a persistent main
leader preferred. The amount of crown shall be in good overall proportion to the total height of the
tree. Where a clump is specified, a plant having a minimum of 2 stems originating from a common
base at ground level shall be furnished.

b) Evergreen trees of all sizes will be in pots or bags. Tops shall be of a form typical to the
species and not unnaturally sheared.
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Plant size

a) Plant larger than specified in the plant list may be used if approved by the landscape
consultant, but use of such plants shall not increase the contract price. If the use of the larger
plants is approved the spread of the roots or ball of earth shall be increased in proportion to the
size of the plants.

b) Upto 10% of under-size plants in any one variety of grade may be used, provided that there are
sufficient plants above size to make the average equal to or above specified grade.

Plant allowance

Plants shall be selected by the landscape consultant.

Preparation of planting beds, planting, feeding and watering of plants, staking and all other
operations in connection with planting of items selected under this allowance shall be done in
accordance with directions of the landscape consultant.

Preparation of plants

a) All plants shall be dug immediately before moving unless otherwise stated. In preparing plants
for moving, all precautions customary in good trade practice shall be taken.

b) All necessary pruning shall be done at the time of planting.

c) Fresh young growing tips of Kikuyu grass are to be used for all grass areas unless otherwise
specified. The tips must average 150mm in length and be approved by the landscape consultant.

Inspection

a) No plant material shall be planted until it is inspected and approved by the landscape
consultant or his representative at the site of the project. They shall be the sole judge of the
materials.

b) All plants shall be inspected for approval for variety, size and health, but approval from this
inspection shall not preclude rejection of plants for defects which may appear later during the
progress of the works.

c) All rejected material shall be immediately removed from the site and replaced with acceptable
material at no additional cost.

Delivery

a) All plants shall be packed, transported and handled with utmost care to ensure adequate
protection against injury.

b) The contractor shall ensure that adequate protection is given to all plants and their root
systems to preclude failure due to lack of moisture or exposure during transport to the site.

c) Where plants cannot be planted immediately upon arrival they shall be stored in the site
nursery until required.

d) All plants shall be tagged with plastic labels when delivered to the site with the full latin
botanical name clearly printed thereon in indelible ink. Labels shall be removed after planting with
the approval of the landscape consultant.

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Staking

Broad leaved trees shall be staked and tied in accordance with the detail drawings and to the
Consultant's approval.

12.7 Supervision

The Contractor must employ to the satisfaction of the Consultant, an approved landscape
contractor to supervise all landscape works. This person must be on site throughout the period of
the landscape works from the time of arrival of the plant materials to completion of the
maintenance period. The landscape contractor must also be a fluent kiswahili speaker or have a
translator available for his use at all times.

12.8 Installation

All materials are to be checked and approved by the Consultant prior to installation. All landscape
procedures are to be carried out under the supervision of the landscape contractor.

12.9 Reinstatement

The Main Contractor is further responsible for reinstatement of all landscaped areas which are not
specifically designated for renovation, to their original condition where construction works take
place and damaged or contaminated existing landscape areas, or existing top soil.

12.10 General maintenance requirements

a) The Contractor is to be responsible for all landscape maintenance in areas of the site where
construction work is to take place or is taking place. The Contractor is to submit his maintenance
program to the Consultant prior to commencement of the building contract on site.

b) The Contractor shall maintain during the period of the contract all trees, shrubs and other
plants, also the grass areas within the contract boundaries at the end of the Defects Liability
Period.

General maintenance shall include watering, weeding, mowing, cutting, cultivating, control of
insects, fungi and other diseases by means of spraying with an approved insecticide or fungicide,
pruning, adjustments and repair trees ties, repair of minor washouts and other horticultural
operations necessary for the proper growth of grass and plants and for keeping the landscape
neat in appearance.

12.11 Lawn maintenance

Shall consist of watering, weeding, fertilising, disease and insect pest control, aerating,
replacement of unacceptable material, cutting and any other procedure consistent with good
horticultural practice necessary to ensure nominal, vigorous and healthy growth.

a) Grass General: The grass should be cut regularly during the growing season. In the dry
season cut to 50m in length and in the wet season cut to 25mm in length. Weeded regularly to
prevent being choked. The edges of the lawn should be trimmed and kept tidy to prevent grass
creeping into shrub beds.

b) Fertilisation: Grass Should be fertilized regularly for a good lawn to be maintained:-

c) Top Dressing: Apply in April after the first rains; Apply a top dressing of 4 parts red topsoil and
1 part dry, well-rotted manure (well mixed together) to the lawn to a depth to 13mm. Rake top
dressing over lawn and use it to fill in any uneven patches. (If there is no rain, water heavily after
application). Repeat top dressing application in October or after the start of the rainy season.

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Compound Fertilization: In June/July, apply a compound chemical fertilizer (15-10-10). This can
be done by hand at the rate of 15 grammes per square metre.

Ammonium Sulphate: Every 2-3 months, (in between top dressing and compound fertilization)
apply Ammonium Sulphate at a rate of 15 grammes per square metre. Water thoroughly after
application. Heavy watering after application of fertilizer is essential to prevent "burning".

d) Aerating: Periodic tests should be made during the maintenance period to determine the
degree of compaction existing in all planting areas and containers. If soil is compacted to a
degree that water and air penetration is impaired. These areas shall be aerated by light digging
with a long-toothed garden fork or spiked roller, in a manner not harmful to the plant material and
to the satisfaction of the landscape consultant.

Aeration should not be done when the soil is either too wet or too dry.

In hot dry weather aeration should be followed by thorough watering.

Under normal conditions, aeration should be done at least twice a year.

e) Watering

During drought periods thorough soaking should be carried out once or twice a week. It requires
from 2000 litres to 3000 litres of water for every 93 metres squared of lawn for each application to
give an equivalent of 20mm to 40mm rain. This will moisten the soil from 80 -130mm deep.

Continuous heavy watering favours diseases. Water should be applied to new vegetative
plantings in a fine spray that will not wash the soil away from the base of the young plants. It must
be applied slowly so that the surface will not puddle and crust. Water lightly twice a day during
establishment, then water heavily once a week. Grasses need about 25mm of water per week.

f) Protection of lawns

Maintenance shall also include all temporary protection fences, barriers and signs and all other
work incidental to proper maintenance. The contractor shall provide at his own expense,
protection for all planted and seeded areas against trespassing and damage at all times. If any
lawns, slope areas, trees or other plants are damaged or injured in any way, they shall be treated
or replaced as required by the landscape consultant.

12.13 Shrubs

a) General: Shrubs should be weeded regularly, every two weeks. Inspected every two weeks
for pests and diseases. Do not fertilize newly planted shrubs for three months. Remove ground
cover plants from around the base of shrubs to avoid strangulation.

b) Fertilization: Fertilize shrub three times a year, starting three months after planting. Alternate
major fertilization with manure and compound fertilizer; Manure fertilization. In April and in
October, apply 6mm of well-rotted manure to all shrub beds. Water well after application.

c) Compound fertilization: In July and January, apply 15 grammes of 20N-10P-10K compound

chemical grammes of bone meal. Lightly fork the fertilizer into the soil without disturbing the roots.
Water well after applications. Minor Fertilization: Once a month apply BAYFOL or equal approved
folia feed to all plants. This is applied as a spray and should be done before 9.00 a.m. and after
4.00 p.m. on dry days.

d) Watering: The Contractor will be required to water all plants as necessary, at any time as may
be necessary or as directed by the landscape consultant.

During the hot season watering shall be carried out before 10.00 a.m. and after 5.30 p.m.

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Watering to be applied through sprinklers or shower attachments to the hose pipes. Water
administered directly from hose causes damage to the plant material and deteriorates the soil
condition.

Damage caused by moving hoses pipes must be avoided and if occured is to be rectified at the
contractors expense.

e) Pruning and repair: Upon completion of planting work, trees may be pruned and any injuries
repaired where necessary. The amount of pruning shall be limited to the minimum necessary to
remove dead or injured twigs and branches and to compensate for the loss of roots and the result
of transplanting operations. The plants shall be pruned in such a way as to preserve the natural
character of the plants.

The pruning cut on small branches and shoots shall be made just above a bud and slanting
downwards away from the side the bud is on. The cut should be 4mm above the bud.

Large branches shall be cut right back to level with the main trunk or stem and the edges of the cut
shaved clean with a sharp knife to allow the plant to grow a protective cover quickly.

On all cuts over 75cm in diameter and on bruises and scars on the bark, the injured cambium shall
be traced back to the living tissue and removed. The wound shall be coated with Arbex or any
other approved tree wound paint not containing lead.

The exercises shall be carried out under supervision of the landscape consultant.

f) Mulching: Rake up leaves which fall on the lawns and use these as a mulch on all the shrub
beds. Make sure that only the leaves are placed in the shrub beds and no branches as this will
attract white ants. Apply the dead leaves to the shrub beds to a depth of 100mm. The leaves will
act as a mulch; it will provide humus to the soil, prevent weed and help retain moisture in the soil.

12.14 Trees

a) Watering: This should be as for shrubs but care must be taken to water heavily to encourage
deep rooting.

b) Pruning: Prune the side branches (flush with trunk) to a height of 2m where they are to be
walked under in lawns. Paint the wounds with ARBREX or equal approved.

c) Climbing plants: Ensure that the soil level is maintained around the base of the climbing vines
and that the stems are encouraged to adhere to the wall surface, by use of steel wires as detailed
or as instructed by the Landscape Architect.

d) Pests and Diseases: All plants should be regularly inspected for pests and diseases. Some
plants are very susceptible to pests and diseases and should be sprayed once a month with
ROGOR or equal approved.

For specific pests and diseases, spray as follows:-

Powder Mildew: spray with BAYLETON or BAYCOR or DITHANE-45, or equal approved.

Insects: Aphids, caterpillars, beetles:- spray with METASYSTOX or bury FUARANDAN around the
roots, or equal approved systemic insecticide.

Spider Mites: Spray with GUSATHION or CITRINOL, or equal approved.

White ants: bury ALFRIN or equal approved around the roots.

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e) Surrounding each tree within the public open spaces a ring of protective stakes shall be
maintained around the tree at a distance that will give protection to the canopy from damage by
people and livestock.

SOIL

12.15 Soil preparation

a) Description of Work: This section includes the removal of weeds, rocks and debris from the
soil surface, cultivation of the soil and addition of manure and fertilizers to the soil in preparation
for planting. Where topsoil is to be imported, clear area of debris. Imported topsoil must be free of
roots, weeds and debris.

Soil levels in all raised planter beds must be brought to within 35mm of the dpc level of the
building, or to within 50mm of the top edge of the masonry where no dpc is installed.

b) Job conditions: Soil preparation is to be carried out after completion of building works in that
area. This work is to be co-ordinated by the Contractor with other trades to ensure there will be no
subsequent contamination of the prepared soil by building and other debris.

c) Materials: All manure is to be dry, well-rotted and a minimum of 12 months of age. It must be
either horse, cow or chicken manure.

Compound fertilizers are to be 15N-10P-10K or approved equal and are to be of dry, granular
consistency. Top soil obtained locally must be neutral, ph free of excess salt, and must be
approved by the Consultant. Tests may be required by the Consultant at the expense of the
Contractor.

d)Preparation: All weeds, rocks and building debris are to be removed prior to execution.

12.16 Installation

a) Remove soil to depth specified for each type of plant. Remove all large rocks (over 75mm
diameter), root and debris from the excavated soil and then prepare soil planting mixture as
follows. Mix together 4 parts excavated soil, 2 parts manure, 1 part imported topsoil, and 1/8 part
compound fertilizer. Mix all components of the planting mixture together well and replace into the
planting hole. Fill the hole with the soil mixture to a level above the original to allow for soil
settlement. Thoroughly water the planting area until well soaked. Leave the area for 2 days
before installation of plant materials.

b) The black soil is to be thoroughly mixed with cow manure and red soil at a ratio by volume of 1
part cow manure, 2 parts black soil, 4 parts red soil and the mixture is to be brought to a workable
consistency.

If possible all landscaping ground preparation should take place one month before planting to
allow for natural soil settlement.

Soil shall be disked to a depth of 10 to 15cm. If heavy equipment has been used, subsoiling shall
be used before disking. After disking, fertilizer shall be spread. Soil shall then be harrowed to
reduce size of soil particle. A heavy float or drag harrow should be used to smooth surface.

c) The Contractor is to check that the required levels in all planting areas are satifactory prior to
commencing any works.

All subsoil must be broken up as described and the contractor must remove from the site all
stones, timber and any other foreign objects larger than 50mm in any dimensions which are
uncovered.

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The Contractor shall ensure that subsoil be broken up to a depth of 300mm by hand fork or
agricultural sub-soiler. Under no circumstances must the contractor carry out these works when
the soil is in a saturated or unworkable condition. Any subsoil arising from the landscape
operations such as tree pit excavations etc., must be deposited where directed by the landscape
consultant. Excess of the subsoil to be removed from the site prior to planting.

d) Areas to be stripped of topsoil shall first be scraped clean of all brush, weeds, grass, roots and
other material that will interfere with plant bed maintenance.

All topsoil to a maximum depth of 300mm must be stripped in case of a raise or reduction in level
and deposited where directed by the landscape consultant. The topsoil to be put back when the
final level of the sub soil has been established. Excess subsoil to be removed from site prior to
planting.

The Contractor is to check all final levels given on the drawings, prior to final cultivation
operations, ensuring that the topsoil level is free of pernicious weeds, large stones (diameter 5cm)
and other foreign objects.

Final grading of the topsoil is to be carried out by ploughing, hoeing, compacting and raking to
ensure a true specified level, profile and slope to avoid dishing or other depressions where water
may collect. All areas to be cultivated to be brought to a fine tilth before planting.

Topsoil shall be placed so that after final settlement there will be good drainage (and conforming
to the elevations shown on drawings.) Maintain surfaces and place any additional topsoil
necessary to replace that eroded before acceptance.

e) Materials used as additions to the soil or mulching shall be procured from sources approved by
the landscape consultant and the Contractor shall notify the landscape consultant of the materials
he proposes to use before carting to the site.

Cow manure and compost must be well rotted and matured. Compost must consist of wholly
vegetable matter and shall contain no domestic or waste foods.

f) Inspection: Areas of soil prepared for planting are to be inspected and approved by the
Consultant prior to planting.

GRASSING

12.17 Description of work

This section includes the planting of grass plugs to create a grass sward.

12.18 Job conditions

Areas to receive grass are to be properly prepared prior to planting. Soil in this area is to be
prepared in accordance with the soil preparation section.

12.19 Materials

Grass "plugs" are to be Kikuyu type or of the same uniform species as specified. "Plugs" are to be
free of weeds and any other grass species. "Plugs" are to be freshly uprooted, no longer than 12
hours prior to replanting in the grass area. "Plugs" are to be no less than 100mm in length with
both leaves and roots visible.

12.20 Area

a) All exterior ground areas within the limit of the contract, except surfaces occupied by buildings
and structures and paving, except areas indicated to be undisturbed, shall be seeded or planted
as shown on the drawings.
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b) Furnish topsoil, finish grading, prepare bed, plant and maintain areas on the drawings.

12.21 Bed preparations

a) Grading - grade lawn areas to finished grades, filling as needed or removing surplus dirt and
floating areas to a smooth, uniform grade as indicated on the plans. All lawn areas shall slope to
drain.

b) Fertilizers: All lawn areas on the plans shall receive one handful of NPK (17:17:17) fertilizer, or
equal approved, per 50cm x 50cm of surface area.

c) Thoroughly and evenly incorporate fertilizer with the soil to a depth of 8cm by disking or other
approved methods. In areas inaccessible to power equipment, use hand tools. Adjacent to
existing trees, the depth shall be adjusted to avoid disturbance to the roots.

d) General: Grasses are very heavy feeders on nitrogen and respond in proportion to the
amounts available in the soil.

e) Ground preparation should ideally be carried out 6 months before planting.

f) Soil preparation is to be carried out to a depth of 300mm.

g) The top 150mm shall be well pulverised and levelled with a rake. One or two days before
planting the ground shall be thoroughly watered.
h) The fresh young runner cuttings shall be planted at a depth of 70-100mm with 100mm centres
in each direction. The cuttings shall be pressed in with the hand as planting proceeds. Once the
planting is finalized a fertilizer to stimulate root growth shall be applied. Top dress CAN, or equal
approved, fertilizer at a rate of one handful per 50cm x 50cm of surface area.

i) The ground shall be well watered after planting.

j) After one week all areas panted with grass are to be rolled and cross-rolled with a light weight
roller and again 2 weeks later. This operation must not take place when the ground is in a
saturated condition.

k) In grass areas the final level of topsoil is to be level with paving, manholes, etc., and a
minimum of 150mm below the finished floor level of buildings where directly abutting the walls.

12.22 Sprigging/cutting

All cuttings heat readily when in large piles. Every effort should be made to keep them covered
and damp until used. Only as many cuttings should be on hand as can be planted in one day.

TREES AND SHRUBS

12.23 Description of works

This section includes the planting procedure for shrubs and trees.

12.24 Time of planting

a) The planting shall be commenced when other divisions of this work, including placing of topsoil,
to the finished grade, has progressed sufficiently to permit planting.

b) Initiation of planting shall coincide with the start of the rains, the overall programme of the
project permitting.

12.25 Layout
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Planting shall be located as indicated on the plan except where obstructions overhead or below
the ground are encountered or where changes have been made in the construction. Necessary
adjustments shall be approved by the landscape consultant or their representative.

12.26 Setting plants

a) No planting pits or trenches shall be dug until the proposed locations for tree and grass
positions have been staked out on the ground and approved by the landscape consultant.

The dimensions should be followed as per the plan, wherever possible. If changes are necessary
the landscape consultant's confirmation must be obtained.

b) All holes shall be dug with straight vertical sides in a square shape with a crowned bottom.

c) All plants shall be set to the ultimate finished grade, so that they will be left in the same relation
to the surrounding grade as they have stood before being moved.

d) Excess excavation shall be removed from the site.

e) No plant shall be bound with rope or wire at any time so as to damage bark, break branches or
destroy its natural shape.

f) Each back-filled pit is to be partially dug out to a sufficient width and depth adequate to accept
the root ball. The required amount of fertilizer is to be spread on the bottom before the actual
planting exercise.

g) Care must be taken in removing the root ball from it's container so as to cause the minimum
disturbance to the fibrous roots. The topsoil/manure mixture is then to be firmed around the root
ball whilst keeping the stem upright, the stem base slightly below or at ground level.

h) A slight saucer with a lip of 10cm shall be formed around each tree and shrub to hold additional
water.

i) At the end of the raining season a layer of 50cm of dried grass or dried leaf cuttings, for
mulching purposes, is to be laid over the soil in the prepared saucer and cover that whole area, in
order to minimise evaporation.

12.27 Planting season

a) Planting shall be done within the following dates, contract programme allowing.

Long rains from March until the end of May.

Short rains from October through to December.

- If special conditions exist, which may warrant a variance in the above planting dates, a written
request shall be submitted to the landscape consultant, stating the special conditions and the
proposed variance. Permission for the variance will be given if, in the opinion of the landscape
consultant, the variance is warranted.

b) The Contractor shall commence work within 10 days after receiving notice from the landscape
consultant and shall continue until completion as indicated in the progress schedule.

c) At the opinion and the full responsibility of the contractor, planting operations may be
conducted under unseasonable conditions without additional compensation.

12.28 Backfilling of planting pits and planting beds

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a) Planting pits and beds to be back-filled carefully to fill all voids and avoid breaking or bruising
the roots.

b) The backfill is to be carried out in 150mm layers and well compacted by ramming. Finally the
area to be brought to a fine tilth at planting depth.

c) Water the filled pit thoroughly and allow water to soak away. If necessary add more back-fill to
bring to level.

12.29 Tree Pits

a) Tree pits shall be of the following dimensions:

2000mm x 2000mm x 1500mm depth.

b) The landscape consultant may instruct a different size where the site conditions require.

c) The final level of the topsoil is to be 25mm below all paved edges and minimum of 150mm
below the finished floor level of buildings where directly abutting the walls.

d) The pits are to be well watered and allowed to settle for 3 to 5 days prior to planting.

e) A slight saucer with a lip of 10cm shall be formed around each tree to hold additional water.

f) At each tree of a minimum height of 2000mm, 2 or 3 strong gum or sisal stakes, not less than
50mm in diameter and not less than 2000mm in height, are to be placed alongside the tree before
backfilling 600mm into the base at 450mm distance from the stem.

The tree is to be securely tied to the stakes with rubber bands not less than 30mm in width. A strip
of hesian of triple thickness should be placed between the stem and the rubber bands to prevent
chaffing. The hesian shall be removed and tied elsewhere every six months until the tree can
stand without support.

g) The Contractor shall be required to make the necessary adjustments to the planted material in
order to correct sinkage effects due to weather conditions or any other damage.

12.30 Square pits in paved areas

Diameter of ball Size of ball Depth of pit

(cm) (cm) (cm)

75 - 100 175 - 175

a) The depth spec Size of pit plant pits (cm) shall be the depth below finished grade required to
accommodate beneath the ball or roots, a bed of topsoil not less than 15cm in depth. The ball or
roots shall rest on this bed when the plant is properly set to finished grade.

b) Where the surface of sub-surface conditions prevent digging a tree pit to specified dimensions,
excavate in other directions so as to provide a pit having the same cubic content as called for.

c) Where unsatisfactory, sub-grade soil conditions are encountered, such as building construction
debris, in the excavation for tree pits, increase the size of the pits. Except for tree pits over 350cm
in diameter, increase pit sizes by 1/3 their diameter, and add 15cm in depth to the sizes of pits
called for in the preceding table on pit sizes.

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12.31 Clean Up

Upon completion of all construction and before final acceptance, the contractor shall broom clean
the entire paved area. All tools, surplus material, equipment, debris, etc., shall be left in a neat
and acceptable condition, such as to meet the approval of the owner.

The Contractor shall periodically or as directed during the progress of his work, remove and
properly dispose of the debris and keep the premises reasonably clear of hazardous obstructions.

Upon completion of his work, he shall remove all his temporary construction facilities and unused
materials provided for the work, and put the premises in a neat and clean condition, and do all the
cleaning required by the specifications.

Trash burning on the site will be subject to prior approval of the landscape consultant and existing
local regulations.

During the course of planting excess and waste materials shall be continuously and promptly
removed, lawn areas kept clear and all reasonable precautions taken to avoid damage to existing
shrubs, plants and grass.

When planting in an area has been completed, the area shall be thoroughly cleaned up. The
debris, rubbish, subsoil and waste material shall be cleaned up and removed from the property.

Existing grass areas which have been injured by any of the works shall be regraded and planted
and the entire area, when completed, shall be neat and clean to the satisfaction of the landscape
consultant.

In the event that "plant operations" are executed after the lawns have been installed, the attention
of the contractor is called to the paragraph "protection" following.

Protection: The Contractor shall protect all plants and lawns from damage at all times. The
moving of heavy equipment or material over the lawn areas shall be done on planks or pontoons.

COMPLETION

12.32 Restoration

All pavements, planted areas, structures and sub-structures not specifically provided for in the
contract disturbed by the contractor by the execution of the work, shall be restored by the
contractor, in a manner satisfactory to the Consultant, to their original condition at no additional
cost.

12.33 Inspection and acceptance

The landscape consultant shall inspect all work for substantial completion upon written request
from the contractor. The request shall be received at least 10 calender days before the anticipated
date of inspection. Upon completion and re-inspection of all repairs or renewal necessary in the
judgement of the landscape consultant, the landscape consultant shall certify in writing to the
owner as to the substantial completion of the latter work, upon acceptance by the owner the owner
shall assume maintenance of the lawn areas.

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FURNITURE SPECIFICATIONS

I. WORKSTATIONS

Units to be freestanding or hung from screens as specified.

Worktops to be a minimum of 28mm thick, beech grained melamine faced MDF board with post
formed or PU edging or beech stain on veneered MDF with hardwood edging finished in 2-Pack
polyurethane to a matt finish (unless specified otherwise).

Modesty panels and legs to be in epoxy coated steel in dark grey to approval, unless specified
otherwise.

Suitable matching CPU Holders to be provided with all workstations unless otherwise specified.

Cable Management

Cable Management, access and concealing features of workstation design to be proposed or

developed to the approval of the interior designer and services engineer but minimum requirement
is as follows :

i) 150 x 150 mm Dump tray to both returns and flexible cable vertebrae where specified.

ii) Modesty panels to both returns to have a cable compartment cavity minimun depth 120
mm. Socket outlets may be mounted on modesties as deemed necessary.

iii) A combination of both :-

Where required, cable connectivity and access between one workstation and the other is ensured.
Workstations sizes, positions and handing to be site checked and re-verified with interior designer
prior to installation. All furniture suppliers to liaise with the Electrical and voice/data contractor to
verify all requirements and location of all service points.

Mobile Drawers Units

To be mounted on heavy duty locking castors.

External finishes – Post formed beech grained Melamine on MDF board or veneered MDF with
hardwood edging finished to match workstation, unless specified otherwise + external handle to
approval.

Frames to be formed in MDF and finished in eggshell spray paint or equivalent to approval.
Internal drawer bases to be matt laminate to approval.

Drawers to run on heavy-duty glides and lockable by pedestal lock.

II. STORAGE & LOCKER UNITS

All freestanding storage units to be veneered MDF or beech grained melamine faced MDF board
with post formed PU or wood grain plastic edges to match workstations to approval, unless
specified otherwise.

Back of storage units to be veneered MDF or melamine faced or fabric clad depending on location,
unless specified otherwise.

Interior of storage unit to be matt laminate faced and be interchangeable between shelving and
suspension file cradles as required.

All units to be lockable.

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All hardware (maple hinges, locks, etc) to be heavy duty and the quality to designer’s approval
prior to manufacture.

All storage units to accommodate standard locally available box files and spring files. Any
discrepancies to be reported to the interior designer prior to pricing/order.

Sizes for locker units to be reconfirmed prior to fabrication.

III. TABLES

Table tops to be melamine faced MDF board with post formed or PU edging unless otherwise
specified.·

Table legs to be epoxy coated steel or solid timber. Where specified, cable management facility to
conceal telephone and power cabling from a floor outlet and grommet holes with caps to approval.

IV. SCREENS

Screens to be modular freestanding with adequate ‘T’ bracing to ensure stability. Interior Designer
to approve any end supports that may be required.

Screens to be glazed, fabric faced or metal faced as specified. Samples of finishes to be

approved.

Screens to have cable management cap ability to approval.

Frames to screens to be dark grey epoxy coated steel, unless otherwise specified.

V. GENERAL NOTES

Proof of all warranties and shipping documentation, where the goods / items are not locally
available, must be submitted for approval.

Shop drawings for all furniture to be submitted and approved by Interior Designer prior to placing
orders. ·For imported furniture all furniture ranges/profiles to be agreed with Designer prior to
pricing and placing orders.

All fixing details, finishes and templates to be agreed and approved prior to fabrication.

Notes:

1) All finishes must be submitted in sample to the Interior Designer for approval to application
and finishing.

2) Suppliers quoting for alternatives to that measured in the Bills of Quantities shall be
expected to indicate the manufacturers’ code, catalogue number and the finishes relating to
their quoted item using the schedule codes above.

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SEATING SPECIFICATIONS

I SEATING SPECIFICATIONS

Evidence of adherence to BS Standards, source country and license to carry through guarantees
of the seating, it’s component parts and fabric must be presented along with the illustrative
proposals the tenderers will submit as well as compliance to the specifications subscribed to the
price schedules.

Tenderers to review their proposed range of chairs with the Interior Designer prior to pricing.
samples/ prototypes, dimensions (for custom made seating) and quality of upholstery of all chairs
to be approved prior to placing orders/fabricating.

II. GENERAL NOTES

Proof of all warranties and shipping documentation, where the goods / items are not locally
available, must be submitted for approval.

Shop drawings for all furniture to be submitted and approved by Interior Designer prior to placing
orders.

For imported furniture all furniture ranges/profiles to be agreed with Designer prior to pricing and
placing orders.

All fixing details, finishes and templates to be agreed and approved prior to fabrication.

All chairs components i.e. castors, armrests, gas lifts, synchro tilt to be heavy duty to approval.

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