MODULE 1: Energy Resources 40, or foreign

under FTMO
1. Categories of resources Term 25 + 25, with Same Same
2. Non-renewable resources exception
a. Petroleum: PD 87
b. Coal: PD 972 *EDU – exploration, development, utilization
3. Renewable resources *FMTO – foreign, technical, management or other forms of
a. Pre-RE Act assistance
b. RA 9513 *FTAA – financial, technical assistance agreements
4. Access to the resource: service contracting (term, incentives
and conditions) 1987 Consti limited scope of FTAA
1. Resource: not for all natural resources, but only for mineral,
1935 1973 1987 petroleum and mineral oils
Scope All forces of Same + Same + 2. Purpose: large scale exploration, development and
potential fisheries and fisheries and utilization, based on real contribution to economic growth
energy belong wildlife wildlife + 3. Authority: president as sole signatory, with terms and
to the State forests, flora conditions provided by an enabling law
and fauna 4. Other limits: under full control and supervisions of the
Ownership State Same Same state, limited to 25 years (renewable for 25 more), and
& ownership, reporting of contracts to Congress
Permitted EDU with
Activities exception Question: what if your cousin wants to make the biggest solar
Contracting License, Service JV, co- energy plant under an FTAA?
Mode concession, contracts for productions or  Does not qualify for FTAA
lease financial, productions  He can still get help through participation of foreigners
technical, sharing (Fil) or through the 60-40 control
management FTAA (foreign)
or other Question: How do you determine whether it is a large scale
assistance exploration?
(FTMO)  Based on the 1987 consti it is based on the real
Contracting None specified State retains Same + other contributions to economic growth and general welfare of
Condititions full control and conditions for the country
if with law, FTAA
allows Fil or 60- Question: can the person delegate the authority to sign a FTAA?
  According to the Consti, it only named the President as the o 3 oceans
person who can enter into an FTAA  North – arctic
 In real life, the DENR and DOE make recommendations to  East pacific
the Pres and the Pres signs the FTAA  Northwest – Baltic
 South – north korea, china, mong, azer, georgia, Kazakhstan
 West – belaurs, Latvia and etc
 Landforms
o Mtn
o Peninsula
o Plain
o Plateu
o Desert
 Tundra
o Tree less mountain tracks
 Forest
o Half of russia
 Steppes
o Grass land
 Taiga
o Snow forest
 Permafrost
Petroleum Exploration Law (PD 87 as amended) o 4 million square miles
 Bodies of water
RUSSIA o Rivers – longest river in eu
 Deepest lake like bital
Most apt description of Russia
o Lakes
 Superlatives
o Swamps
 Largest country in the world
 Climate (2 seasons)
o 1/10 of the land on earth
o Winter
o 2 continents (asia and Europe) whole northern asia
o Summer
and eastern Europe
 Resrouce availability
o Twice of Canada which is the second largest in the
o Fossial energy resrouces
world
 World’s largest
o 11 time xones
 o Natural gas o Russie invites eu and us firms to develop oil fields
 Largest gas reserves and output  But too big
o Coal o Turned Russia into a massive producers
 One of the o Russia empire producing 31% of global oil exports
o Oil  1900 Rise of Bolshevik protesters
 One of the o Decreased oil exports
o Renewable o Oil rakes?
 Hydopowerplants from rivers o 2/3 cut down of oil exports
o Iron ore  After worls war 2
o Non-ferrous, rare and precious o Oil output doubled
 Cobalt o Low labor cost so price was competitive
 Manganese  1970
 Russia’s history and economy o Increase of eastern Europe and other export oil
o Energy prices remain low because of domestic prices
reserves – strectches to other negihboring countries  1980s
and even strengthens relations to neighbors o Embargo
o Decline in energy sector – revenue projectios from o Collapse of their oil market
something have declines o Saudi controlled oil market
 Imperatives  2000s
o Consolidate its society under one authority o Nationalized energy sector
o Expand its powers across its immediate o 3 major energy companies
neighborhood  Gazprom
o Leverage its natural resources to achieve a balance  Rosneft
with great powers beyond its periphery  Transneft
 History o Aggressive energy strategy
o 1800s – oil exports revs made up 7% of total export  Economy
earnings o Russia’s energy strategy
o 1920’s 14%  Long term energy policy
o 1950 – half of soviets earnings  Maximized effective use of natural energy
o 1970 – increase of oil prices due to sustaining Soviet resources
union  Russia makes up of 25% of world trade of
 1980 – us embargo which affected US market natural gas
 2000 – PUTIN had plans
 1800s
  Export energy resources will be the major  Legal framework
development factor for the Russian  Art 1 of consti
economy  Russia is a democratic federal law-
o Strategy guidelines bound state with a republican form
 Energy efficiency of the economy of gov
 To set up innovative anf effective energy  Federal structure
sector in Russia meeting the future needs of  22 republics
the global economy a way to do this is by  9 krais
improving the energy and environmental  6 fed cities
efficiency of the Russian economy in energy o Auto cities that have a
sector status
o Privatization of oil industry  46 oblasts
 Gazprom – natural gas monopoly o Admin region
 Before 38% state controlled but  1 autonomous oblast
under putin became 50% o
 Rosneft – state owned oil company  4 autonomous okrugs
 Transneft – state owned oil pipeline o Subjects get their power directly from the
company constitution
o Control over eus energy sector o All fed subjects are deemed equal in the Russian
 Russia continues to compete with the US to consti
operate the energy sector of EU o Federal laws may not contradict the fed consti laws
 Nuclear bids and buy up pipeline o Joint jurisidictions with subjects (17:45)
infrastructure in eu o At 10
o 2018 – increase of oil productions – all time high  State power of the Russian fed shall be
since postwar era exercised on the basis of its division into
o Conclusion legislative, exec, and judicial power
 Russia contrinues to choose revenue  The bodies of legislative, exec and judicial
generating side of the energy industry shall be independent
 Historically, its increase in oil prices as o The president of Russian fed
compared to other generating countries has  Head of state
caused a dip in the economy  Vladimir putin
 Putin’s current energy strategy may be the  Determines guidelines of the internal and
gateway to russia’s success as the leader in foreign policies of the state
the industry
  Represents the Russian fed within the
country and in international relations
o Powers of the president (20:02)
o Exec branch (21:26)
o Duties of gov (22:10)
o Legislative branch
 Fed assembly
 Fed council – upper house
 State duma – lower house
o Council fed duties (24:30)
o State duma
 450 deputies
 Deputies of the state duma shall work on a
permanent professional basis
 Deputies of state duma may not be
employed in the state service, engaged in
paid activities except for teaching, scientific
and other creative work
o Duties of state duma (25:50)
o Judicial branch
 Constitution court of the Russian fed
 SC of the Russian fed
 Higher arbitration court of the Russian fed
o Art 128 of consti
 The judges of the consti court of the
Russian fed, the sc of the Russian fed, the
higher arbi court of the Russian fed shall be
appointed by the council of the fed upon
the proposals by the president of the
Russian fed
o Consti court of Russian fed (26:33)
o Supreme court and higher arbi court of the Russian
fed (27:41)
o Notable provision on nat resources (28:09)
 USSR
o Economy characterized by state control of
investment and
o Public ownership of industrial assets
o Soviet union invested heavily on projects including
electrification of vast areas and construction of
natural gas and oil pipelines that stretch out of
Russia nand every constituent of USSR
 ENERGY SUPER POWERS
o Concept of a national energy policy was approved
by gov in 1992
 GOV DECIDED to develop an energy stategy
for this purpose the interagency
commission was established
o Energy strategy main prrio
 Increase in energy efficiency reduction in
affecvts to environment, energy develop,
sustainable development and technological
development and
 Objective
 Maximize the effective use of natural
energy resources and the potential of the
energy sector to sustain economic growth,
improve the quality of life of the pollution
and promote strengthening of foreign
ecnomic positions of the country
o NOW Most energy comes from natural resources
 Oil
 Gas
 Coal
o VECTORS of long term development ENERGY STRAT
 Transition to the path of innovative and
energy efficient development
  Change in the structure and scale of energy - Mt. fuji
production - Winter – mild, summer hot and humid
 Development of competitive market - Late summer there’s a typhoon
environment
 Integration into the world energy system Resource availability
o State energy policy & - Non renewable
 Basic principle TARGETS to reach in the o Oil
sector o Natural gas
 2 docs laid guideliens for gov o Coal
 Both docs became legislative basis for more o Nuclear
laws - Renewable
 UnAlterable principle (32:13) which will o Hydroelectricity
guide implementation of o Solar
o Main strategic guidelines of the long-term state o Winf
energy policy o Geothermal
 Energy security o Waster and viomass
 Energy efficiency of the economy o Ocean energy
 Budget efficiency of the energy sector - Oil leading non-renew
 Environmental safety of the energy sector o Quarter
o Main mechanism of the state energy policy (32:48) - Decline of nuclear because of earthquake
o 3 phases of state policy implementation - Oil crisis
 1st – consists in overcoming the crisis and o 1973, 1979
establishing the foundation of a new o Made efforts to diversify energy resources
economy o Domesrtic oil comsumption dropped slightly
 2nd – transition to innovative development - Use of nuclear and natural gas rose
and construction of the infrastructure of a - Electric company and steel makers
new economy o Changed to petroleum
 3rd – developing an innovative economy
- Natural gas imported
o Austrail
Japan
o Malaysia
- Korea, Russia, china
o Qatar
- Seas of japan
- Natural gas 1987
- Mountainous and covered by forest
o Indonesia
- Frequent earthquake, volcanoes and hot springs
 o Brunei - 2011
- 2019 o Tidal power or wave powerplants in costal area
o Third energy came coal o No area yet but announced in 2013
o Building 22 new coal powerplants - History
- US o Jomon – farmers
o Helped japan with nuclear power program o Yayoi from korea – planted rice
o 54 more nuclear reactors opened o Yamato period
o Modern advance boiling water reactors  Richest clan
- 2011 eathqauke a lot of n  Kufun era
- Renewable and combutstibel – 5%  Asuka era
- 6% energy needs met from indigenous sources o Amishi wars – became samurais after – bushi –
- 3rd leader is a shogun
- 4th largest importer of crude oil o Samurais became private security
- MAIN: HYDRO o Shogunate
o 1,198 powerplants o Sengoku
o 6.6% hydro capacity  War fare
- Second larget photomate energy  Espionage
- Nuclear disstater fukushima  Spies – ninjas
o New tariffs o Edo
o Super high  Peaceful
- Solar energy  Caste system by tokugawa
o Sustained growth  Samurais only had weapons
- Japan has potential for onshore wind o US entered in 1853 to end japan’s closed country
- Japan exploited geothermal policy
o 6 power stations in 1989 o Dutch lit
o 2011 – 18 na  Three great nobles
- 3rd largest geothermal reserves in the world  Meiji – enlightened rule
o Focused after fukushima o Edo – named to Tokyo
- Sept 2011  Industrial revolution
o 190 generators attached municipal waste unit o Went to war with china
o Using biomass fuel  Sino-japanese war
- 2008  Put down boxer rebellion
o 32M of biomass fuel  Defeated Russia over manchuria
o 76 percent ot energy o Alliance with brits
  Dethroned china as super power in asia - Soverinigty
 World war 1 o In the people
o Found a fried in nazi Germany during ww2 - Consti monarch
 Attack of pearl harbor o Civil
 Atomic bomb made them surrender - Vote for a party
- Economy o Party votes for prime minister
o 3rd largest economy - Hereditary monarchy
o External impacts strong dependence on imports o Chrysanthemum throne
o 2019 0.7%  Imperial seat
o Business investemntes have been weakedn by trade  Throne of emperor of japan
war of us and china - Energy
o Because of covid, gdp will -2.5%  In largely effected by fukishima in 2011
- Legal structure  March 11 – Tokyo electric company hit by
o Civil law system tsunami
o Legal code of Germany and France inspo  Damaged generators
- Meiji consti - 1868  Massive explosotion 3/6 reactors
o Organic law of Japanese empire  Residents were effected because radiation –
- After ww2 10 months before stable
o Legal reform  2nd wors nuclear accident after chernobly
o 1947 constitution with us influence  1/10 of japan’s energy mix
- Current  Increased energy imports
o Hybrid continental and amerianc law  Reliance deficit budget
o Both civil and common influences are all affect by  Depedent on fossil
Japanese system  Increased used to fill gap the
- Unicameral suspension of nuclear
o Bicam  So vuknerable to oil shock
o Parliamentary  Oil mor than 40% of energy source
o Representative o Renewable
o Democratic  4.3& in 2010
o Consti monarchy  2016 7%
 July 2018 – formulated the strategic energy
o Prime minister – head of gov, and legis
plan
- Judicial
 Basic direction of energy
o Sc and lower
  Energy self sufficiency rate 24%
2030 dapat
o Japaense gov
 Investment in solar
 Lead the way to clean energy
 Limited space on land – floating solar power
 Larget – yamakura damn
o Small land mass
 Offshore wind power
 Wind farms in the waters for 30 years
o Tidal turbines could be constructed in straights in
japan
o Japanese basic act on energy policy
 Gov set plan for energy once every 3 years
 2018
 Little indication on direction
 Doc merely organizes structural challenges
which energy supply faces
 Strong desire to realize energy to a low
carbon society
o 1) increase self sufficiency
o 2) ruling out further price hikes
o 3) targeting global warming