Professional Documents
Culture Documents
A. INTRODUCTION
This module deals with the knowledge, skills, and application towards installing, assembling and testing computers and
common peripherals.
B. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
LO 1: Assemble Computer Hardware
Learning Content Methods Presentation Practice Feedback Resources Time
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policies and 1.1-1
procedures are
followed in
accordance with
systems
requirements
2. Materials
necessary to
complete the work
are identified and
obtained in
accordance with
established
procedures and
checked against
systems
requirements
3. Identify tools,
equipment and
testing devices
needed to carry
out the
installation work
are obtained in
accordance with
established
procedures and
checked for
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correct operation
and safety
4. Computer
hardware is
assembled in
accordance with
established
procedures and
systems requirements
5.Basic-input-
output-system
(BIOS)
configuration is
performed in
accordance with
hardware
requirements
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comply with end-user performance Perform task performanc 2.PC specification
objectives of task sheet 3.4-1 e using 3.Schematic
requirements Diagrams
2. sheet 3.4-1 performanc 4.Diagnostics
Peripherals/devices e criteria software and
drivers are installed check list CDROMs
3.4-1 5.Books/manuals/m
and configured in agazines
accordance with 6.Tools and test
manufacturer’s equipment
instructions and/or -head screwdriver
OS installation -Philips head
screwdriver
procedures
-Long nosed pliers
3. OS and drivers -Allen bit wrench
updates/patches are
accessed and installed
in accordance with
manufacturer’s
recommendations and
requirements
4. On-going checks of
the quality of the work
are undertaken in
accordance with
established
procedures
C. ASSESSMENT PLAN
Written Test
Performance Test
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D. TEACHER’S SELF-REFLECTION OF THE SESSION
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(COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING)
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies
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MODULE CONTENT
MODULE DESCRIPTOR:
Contents:
Assessment Criteria
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2. Appropriate personnel are consulted to ensure the work is
coordinated effectively with others involved on the work site
Conditions
Assessment Method:
1. Hands-on
2. Direct observation
3. Practical demonstration
4. Oral Questioning
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LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 3
Contents:
Assessment Criteria
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10. Variation to devices / systems installation is carried out in accordance
to customer/client requirements
16. Circuits and systems are checked as being isolated where necessary
using specified testing procedures
21. Parts, and/or connections removed for the purpose of testing are
returned to pre-test conditions in accordance with established
procedures
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Conditions
1. Hands-on
2. Direct observation
3. Practical demonstration
4. Oral and written exam
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Learning Experience
Learning Outcome No. 1
ASSEMBLE COMPUTER HARDWARE
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INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1.1-1
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading of this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
2. Determine the effects of computers to the people, health risk, and to the
environment.
During installation and initial test, careful planning and preparation are to be
done. To avoid personal injury and damages to wiring due to sharp pins on
connectors and printed circuit assemblies, rough chassis edges and corners, and hot
components.
Adhere to warnings and limitations regarding accessibility into areas
designated only for authorized technical personnel.
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT:
SOME BASIC PRECAUTIONS AND PROCEDURES:
Before starting the installation, read carefully the documentation and
procedures on any hardware and software settings that may be required.
Failure to do the proper jumper setting may cause damage to your CPU.
Without an effective cooling fan, the CPU can overheat and cause damage to
both CPU and the motherboard.
Each bank must have the same size and type of memory installed in pairs.
Before adding and removing any other system components, make sure that you
unplug your power supply. Failure to do so may cause damage to your
motherboard and in the system component.
Test the computer, insuring that it meets the necessary system requirements
before booting up.
If the computer does not pass any of the power on self-test (POST), the
computer will receive an irregular power on self-test. An irregular POST is a
beep code which is different from the standard beep which can either be no
beeps at all or a combination of different beeps.
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EFFECTS OF COMPUTERS
1. Violation of Privacy
3. Health Risks
4. Public Safety
Adults, teen, and children around the world are using computers to share
publicly their photos, videos, journals, music, and other personal information. Some
of these unsuspecting, innocent computer users have fallen victim to crimes
committed by dangerous strangers. Protect yourself and your dependents from these
criminals by being cautious. For example, do not share information that would allow
others to identify or locate you.
5. Impact on Environment
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manufacture a personal computer equals that of a mid-sized car. When computers
are discarded in landfills, they release toxic materials and potentially dangerous
levels of lead, mercury, and flame retardants. Strategies that can help protect the
environment include recycling, regulating manufacturing processes, extending the
life of computers, and immediately donating replaced computers
A. IDENTFICATION
Direction: Identify the Precautions and Procedures write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
1. Failure to do the proper jumper setting may cause damage to your CPU.
2. After adding and removing any other system components, make sure
that you unplug your power supply.
3. Test the computer, insuring that it meets the necessary system
requirements before booting up.
4. With an effective cooling fan, the CPU can overheat and cause damage to
both CPU and the motherboard.
5. After starting the installation, read carefully the documentation and
procedures on any hardware and software settings that may be required.
B. MATCHING TYPE
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Direction: Select your answer on the choices below that will correspond on
the statement. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided.
A. Violation of Privacy
B. Impact on the Environment
C. Public Safety
D. Health Risk
E. Impact on Labor Force
Compare your answers with the Answer Key on the next page. If you
get 80% and above, then you may proceed to the next activity but if not,
master the lesson and take the Self-Check again.
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A. IDENTIFICATION
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE
4. FALSE
5. FALSE
B. MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. B
2. E
3. A
4. C
5. D
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INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1.1-2
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
Are you the person everyone calls when they have a computer problem? Have
you considered getting paid for fixing near-fatal errors and turning your PC prowess
into a business? According a recent report, sales of computer services are expected to
exceed $47 billion this year in the U.S. alone, with PC repair leading the way. But
there are some requirements that you need to know before joining the bandwagon of
Computer Hardware Servicing trade, like document/forms (e.g. Job Orders, Request
Forms, and Report Sheets) and qualifications for personnel in repairing computers.
REQUIRED DOCUMENTS/FORMS:
A. Job Order
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A work order may be a maintenance or repair request from students, faculty or
staff in a university.
Contractors may use a single job work order and invoice form that contains the
customer information, describes the work performed, lists charges for material and
labor, and can be given to the customer as an invoice.
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Computer Repair Job Order Form
___________________________________________________________________________
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production facilities stable and efficient at the lowest life cycle cost with the active
participation of all members in the company. A Request Form is used to put this
objective into action. And the Report Sheet and Request Form bring to life this
maintenance’s purposes which are:
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Description: Acer Aspire 4736Z Laptop Computer
Observation/s:
Date Reported:
***Corrupted Operating System*** December 01,
2015
Reported by:
Sign:
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Area/Section: CICT Computer Laboratory
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REQUIRED QUALIFICATION FOR A COMPUTER HARDWARE PERSONNEL:
Education
Certifications
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PC technicians must be able to squat, bend and reach to access the computer
equipment requiring repair. They should be physically able to lift at least 50 pounds
of computer components. Employers look for technicians who can stand for long
periods of time and have the ability to perceive a variety of colors. Employers want
technicians who think analytically, are organized and pay attention to detail. They
should feel comfortable working under tight deadlines, and companies may expect
them to work overtime or on weekends.
Applicants should know how to use a variety of standard office software, and
some jobs also require knowledge of networking. Companies prefer candidates with
previous PC repair experience, and they may look for candidates with experience
repairing specific brands of computers. Technicians need strong oral communication
skills and should be able to explain their findings to customers using common terms.
A. IDENTIFICATION
Direction: the Precautions and Procedures write TRUE if the statement is
correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
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__________7. A job order can be the equivalent to a work or service order
where the job order records the location, date and time the
service is carried out and the nature of service that was carried
out.
Compare your answers with the Answer Key on the next page. If you
get 80% and above, then you may proceed to the next activity but if not,
master the lesson and take the Self-Check again.
ANSWER KEY 1.1-2
IDENTIFICATION
1. FALSE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. FALSE
6. FALSE
7. TRUE
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1-3
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Time-sharing operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system
and may also include accounting for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage,
printing, and other resources.
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For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the
operating system acts as an intermediary between application programs and the
computer hardware, although the application code is usually executed directly by the
hardware and will frequently make a system call to an OS function or be interrupted
by it. Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a computer
from cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers.
Real-time
Multi-user
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system does not make it a multi-user system. Rather, only the network administrator
is the real user. But for a Unix-like operating system, it is possible for two users to
login at a time and this capability of the OS makes it a multi-user operating system.
When only a single program is allowed to run at a time, the system is grouped
under a single-tasking system. However, when the operating system allows the
execution of multiple tasks at one time, it is classified as a multi-tasking operating
system. Multi-tasking can be of two types: pre-emptive or co-operative. In pre-
emptive multitasking, the operating system slices the CPU time and dedicates one
slot to each of the programs. Unix-like operating systems such as Solaris and Linux
support pre-emptive multitasking, as does Amiga OS. Cooperative multitasking is
achieved by relying on each process to give time to the other processes in a defined
manner. 16-bit versions of Microsoft Windows used cooperative multi-tasking. 32-
bit versions, both Windows NT and Win9x, used pre-emptive multi-tasking. Mac OS
prior to OS X used to support cooperative multitasking.
Distributed
Embedded
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EXAMPLES OF OPERATING SYSTEMS:
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BSD and its descendants
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Mac OS X
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supercomputers to wristwatches. The Linux kernel is released under an open source
license, so anyone can read and modify its code. It has been modified to run on a
large variety of electronics. Although estimates suggest that Linux is used on 1.82%
of all personal computers, it has been widely adopted for use in servers and
embedded systems (such as cell phones). Linux has superseded Unix in most places,
and is used on the 10 most powerful supercomputers in the world. The Linux kernel
is used in some popular distributions, such as Red Hat, Debian, Ubuntu, Linux
Mint and Google's Android.
The GNU project is a mass collaboration of programmers
who seek to create a completely free and open operating
system that was similar to Unix but with completely
original code. It was started in 1983 by Richard Stallman,
and is responsible for many of the parts of most Linux
variants. Thousands of pieces of software for virtually every
operating system are licensed under the GNU General
Public License. Meanwhile, the Linux kernel began as a
side project of Linus Torvalds, a university student from
Finland. In 1991, Torvalds began work on it, and posted
information about his project on a newsgroup for computer
students and programmers. He received a wave of support
and volunteers who ended up creating a full-fledged kernel. Programmers from GNU
took notice, and members of both projects worked to integrate the finished GNU parts
with the Linux kernel in order to create a full-fledged operating system.
Microsoft Windows
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MS-DOS and 16 bits Windows 3.x drivers. Windows Me, released in 2000, was the
last version in the Win9x family. Later versions have all been based on the Windows
NT kernel. Current versions of Windows run on IA-32 and x86-64 microprocessors,
although Windows 8 will support ARM architecture. In the past, Windows NT
supported non-Intel architectures.
Server editions of Windows are widely used. In recent years, Microsoft has
expended significant capital in an effort to promote the use of Windows as a server
operating environment. However, Windows' usage on servers is not as widespread as
on personal computers, as Windows competes against Linux and BSD for server
market share.
A. IDENTIFICATION
Direction: Identify the Precautions and Procedures write TRUE if the statement
is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
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________5) Operating systems are found on almost any device that contains a
computer—from cellular phones and video game consoles to
supercomputers and web servers
Compare your answers with the Answer Key on the next page. If you
get 80% and above, then you may proceed to the next activity but if not,
master the lesson and take the Self-Check again
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ANSWER KEY 1.1-3
IDENTIFICATION
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
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INFORMATION SHEET NO. 1.1-4
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT:
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A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of
instructions stored in its own memory, that can be programmed to accept data
(input), process it into useful information (output), and store it away in a secondary
storage device (store) for safekeeping or later reuse. The processing of input into output is
directed by the software but performed by the hardware. Figure below shows some common computer
hardware components.
I n p u t
devices
allow
you to
enter
data or
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
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commands in a form that the computer can use; they send the data or
commands to the processing unit. Commonly-used input devices include
keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, digital camera, and PC camera.
Storage devices. Storage usually means secondary storage that can store
data and programs outside the computer itself. Storage devices hold data,
information, and programs permanently. These devices supplement memory
(also called primary storage) that can hold data and programs only temporarily.
Common storage devices include a hard disk, USB flash drives, CDs, DVDs,
and memory cards. A drive is a device that reads from and writes onto a
storage medium. A storage medium is the physical material on which data,
information, and program are stored. Some portable devices, such as digital
cameras, use memory cards as the storage media.
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processing, while secondary storage feeds data and instructions into the central
processor and stores data for future use.
The Motherboard
The system unit is a box-like case that houses the processor, memory and other
electronic components of the computer that are used to process data. All other
computer system devices, such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse, are linked
either directly or indirectly into the system unit.
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Figure below shows some of the components inside the system unit on a typical
PC, including the processor, memory, expansion cards, drive bays, power supply,
ports and connectors. The processor is the device that executes program instructions.
The memory device is a package that holds temporarily data and program
instructions during processing. An expansion card is a circuit board that adds
devices or capabilities to the computer. Finally, devices outside the system unit, such
as a keyboard, mouse, monitor, printer, or microphone, are attached by a cable to a
port or connector on the system unit.
To conserve on space, all-in-one computer houses the system unit in the same
physical case as the monitor. On notebook computers, the keyboard and pointing
device often occupy the area on the top of the system unit. The display attaches to
the system unit by a hinge. The system unit on a handheld computer usually
consumes the entire device. On these devices, the display is part of the system unit
too.
When the cover of a system unit is removed, the motherboard, also called
system board, can be seen inside the housing. The motherboard, a single circuit board, provides the
path through which the processor communicates with memory components, other components, and
peripheral devices. In a typical personal computer, the components attached to the motherboard include
processor, memory chips, support electronic circuitry, and expansion boards. It is the processor that is
the most important component of the motherboard.
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Many electronic components attach to the motherboard
A computer chip is a small piece of semi conducting material, usually silicon,
on which one or more integrated circuits are etched. The various chips have
standard-sized pin connectors that allow them to be attached to the motherboard
and, there, to a common electrical path, called bus, that enables data flow between
the various system components.
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Ultimately, the type of processor and the amount of RAM placed on the
motherboard define the computer’s speed and capacity. The processor is generally
not made by the manufacturers of PCs. It is made by companies that specialized in
the development and manufacture of
microprocessors. A number of
companies make microprocessors,
including Intel, IBM, Motorola, Advanced
Micro Devices (AMD), and Cyrix. Most
chips are no bigger than one-half-inch
square. Manufacturer’s package chips so
the chips can be attached to a circuit
board such as a motherboard, memory
module, or adapter card.
The central processing unit (CPU), also called processor, interprets and
carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. The CPU significantly
impacts overall computing power and manages most of a computer's operations. On
larger computers, such as mainframes and supercomputers, the various functions
performed by the processor extend over many separate chips and often multiple
circuit boards. On a personal computer, all functions of the processor usually are on
a single chip.
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with four-separate processors. Each processor on a multi-core chip generally runs at
a slower clock speed than a single-core processor, but multi-core ships typically
increase overall performance.
Memory
The major feature of memory is that it rapidly provides the instructions and
data to the CPU. Memory stores three basic categories of items: (1) the operating
system and other system software that control or maintain the computer and its
devices; (2) application programs that carry our a specific task such as word
processing; and (3) the data being processed by the application programs and
resulting information.
This role of memory to store both data and programs is known as the stored
program concept.
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computer references the addresses that contain bytes of data. The size of memory is
measured by the number of bytes available for use (Figure 4-17). A kilobyte of
memory is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes. To make storage definitions easier to identify,
computer users often round a kilobyte down to 1,000 bytes. A megabyte (MB) is
equal to approximately 1 million bytes. A gigabyte (GB) equals approximately 1
billion bytes. A terabyte (TB) is equal to approximately 1 trillion bytes.
The system unit contains two types of memory: volatile and nonvolatile. The
contents of volatile memory are lost when the computer power is turned off. In
nonvolatile memory, the combination of circuit states is fixed, and therefore the
contents of nonvolatile memory are not lost when power is removed from the
computer. RAM is the most common type of volatile memory. Examples of nonvolatile
memory include ROM, flash memory and CMOS. The following sub-sections discuss
these types of memory.
RAM
Random Access Memory (RAM) is the memory chips that are mounted directly
on the motherboard or mounted on peripheral cards that plug into the motherboard.
The RAM chips consist of millions of switches that are sensitive to changes in electric
current. When the computer is powered on, certain operating system files are loaded
from a storage device such as a hard disk into RAM. These files remain in RAM as
long as the computer is running. As additional programs and data are requested,
they are read from storage into RAM. The processor acts upon the data while it is in
RAM. During the running time, the contents of RAM may change as the program is
executed.
RAM comes in many different varieties. Three basic types of RAM are dynamic
RAM, static RAM, and magnetoresistive RAM. Dynamic RAM (DRAM) must be
refreshed (or recharged) constantly by the CPU or it loses its contents. Many
variations of DRAM chips exist, most of which are faster than the basic DRAM. One
type of DRAM is Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), which is much faster than DRAM
because it is synchronized to the system clock. Double Data Rate (DDR) SDRAM
chips are eve faster than SDRAM chips because they transfer data twice for each
clock cycle, instead of just once, and DDR2 and DDR3 are even faster than DDR.
Dual channel SDRAM is faster than single channel SDRAM because it delivers twice
the amount of data to the processor. Rambus DRAM (RDRAM) is yet another type of
DRAM that is much faster than SDRAM because it uses pipelining techniques. Most
personal computers today use some form of SDRAM chips or RDRAM chips.
Static RAM (SRAM) is faster and more reliable than any form of DRAM. The
term static refers to the fact that it does not have to be re-energized as often as
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DRAM. SRAM is much more expensive than DRAM, thus it is usually used for special
purpose, such as used in cache.
A newer type of RAM, called magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM), stores data using
magnetic charges instead of electrical
charges. Manufacturers claim that MRAM
has greater storage capacity, consumes
less power, and has faster access times
than electronic RAM. Also, MRAM retains
its contents after power is removed from
the computer, which could prevent loss of
data for users. As the cost of MRAM
declines, experts predict MRAM could
replace both DRAM and SRAM.
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4GB or more of RAM. The amount of RAM in computers purchased today ranges from
1GB to 64GB. In an advertisement, manufacturers specify the maximum amount of
RAM a computer can hold, for example, 1GB expandable to 2GB.
ROM
Read-only memory (ROM) refers to memory chips storing permanent data and
instructions. That is, the items stored in ROM chips cannot be modified--hence, the
name read-only. ROM is usually nonvolatile. In ROM, the combination of circuit
states is fixed, and therefore its contents are not lost if the power is removed. The
data, instructions, or information stored on ROM chips often are recorded when the
chip is manufactured. ROM chips that contain permanently written data,
instructions, or information are called firmware. Firmware can be read and used,
but cannot be changed by user. For example, ROM contains the programs that direct
the computer to load the operating system and other files when the computer is
turned on. In addition to computers, many devices contain ROM chips. For example,
ROM chips in printers contain data for fonts.
Flash Memory
Flash memory chips also store data and programs on many mobile computers and
devices, such as smart telephones, digital cameras, pagers, PDAs, automotive
devices, portable media players, digital voice recorders, and printers. When you
enter names and addresses in a smart phone or PDA, a flash memory chip stores the
data. Some portable media players such as MP3 players store music on flash
memory chips; others store music on tiny hard disks or flash memory cards. The
logic capabilities of these devices can be upgraded by simply downloading new
software from the Internet or a vendor-supplied disk to flash memory.
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
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CMOS
Some RAM chips, flash memory chips, and other types of memory chips use
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology because it provides
high speeds and consumes little power. CMOS technology uses battery power to
retain information even when the power to the computer is off. Battery-backed CMOS
memory chips, for example, can keep the calendar, date, and time current even when
the computer is off. The flash memory chips that store a computer's startup
information often use CMOS technology.
An expansion slot is a
socket on the motherboard that
can hold an adapter card. An
adapter card, also called
expansion card, is a circuit
board that enhances functions
of a component of the system
unit and/or provides
connections to peripherals. A
peripheral is a device that
connects to the system unit and
is controlled by the processor in
the computer. Examples of An adapter card being inserted in an expansion slot
peripherals are modems, disk drives, printers, scanners, and keyboards. The adapter
cards contain the electronic circuitry for many supplemental capabilities, such as
more memory, higher-quality sound devices, a modem, extra ports, or graphics
capabilities. Figure shows an expansion card being plugged into an expansion slot on
a personal computer motherboard.
Figure below lists currently used types of adapter cards. Sometimes, all functionality
is built in the adapter card. With others, a cable connects the adapter card to a
device, such as a digital video camera, outside the system unit.
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Some motherboards
include all necessary
capabilities and do not
require adapter cards.
Other motherboards may
require adapter cards to
provide capabilities such
as sound and video. A
sound card is used to
enhance the sound-
generating capabilities of a
personal computer by
making two basic
functions possible. First it
enables sounds to be Currently used adapter cards and their functions
captured and stored on disk. Second, it enables sounds to be played through external
speakers. The sound card can add realism to computer games with stereo music and
sound effects.
It also allows us to speak commands and enter words to our PCs via speech
recognition. The typical sound card will have receptacles for a microphone, a headset,
an audio output, and a joystick. A video card, also called video adapter or
graphics card, converts computer output into a video signal that is sent through a
cable to the monitor, which displays an image on the screen.
In the past, installing a card was not easy and required you to set switches and
other elements on the motherboard. Today, many computers support Plug and Play,
which refers to the computer's capability to automatically configure adapter cards
and other peripherals as you install them. Having Plug and Play support means that
a user can plug in a new component turn on the computer, and then use or play the
component without having to configure the system manually.
There are four widely used types of removable flash memory devices: flash
memory cards, USB flash drives, PC cards, and ExpressCard modules. Unlike
adapter cards that require you to open the system unit and install the card on the
motherboard, you can change a removable flash memory device without having to
open the system unit or restart the computer. This feature, called hot plugging, allows
you to insert and remove the removable flash memory and other devices while the
computer is running.
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Flash memory cards and USB flash drive
A flash memory card is a removable flash memory device, which you inset and
remove from a slot in a computer, mobile device, or card reader/writer. Many mobile
and consumer devices, such as smart phones, digital cameras, portable media
players, and PDAs use these memory cards. Some printers and computers have built-
in card readers/writers or slots that read flash memory cards. In addition, you can
purchase an external card reader/writer that attaches to any computer. Flash
memory cards are available in a variety of shapes, sizes and capacities.
A USB flash drive is a flash memory storage device that plugs in a USB port
on a computer or portable device. A special type of USB flash drive, called a U3
smart drive, includes preinstalled software accessed through a Window-type
interface.
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Other Components
Buses
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Every
bus also
has a
clock
speed.
Just like
the
Buses allow the various devices inside and attached to the system unit to
communicate with each other
processor, the clock speed for a bus is measured in megahertz. The higher the bus
clock speed, the faster the transmission of data, which results in applications
running faster. Most of today's processors have a bus clock speed of 400, 533, 667,
800, 1066, or 1333 MHz.
Two basic types of buses are found in a computer: a system bus and an expansion
bus. A system bus is part of the motherboard and connects the CPU to main
memory. An expansion bus allows the CPU to communicate with peripheral devices.
Data transmitted to the CPU travels from the expansion bus and the system bus.
When computer professionals use the term bus by itself, they usually are referring to
the system bus. Since the types of expansion buses on a motherboard determine the
types of expansion cards you can add, you should understand the expansion buses
commonly found in today's personal computers:
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The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus is a high-speed expansion
bus that connects higher speed devices. Types of cards inserted into a PCI bus
expansion slot include video cards, sound cards, SCSI cards, and high-speed
network cards. The PCI bus transfers data about four times faster than the ISA
bus. Most current personal computers have a PCI bus.
The PCI Express (PCIe) bus is an expansion bus that expands on and doubles
the speed of the original PCI bus. Nearly all video cards today use the PCI
Express bus, as well as many hard disks and network cards. Experts predict
the PCI Express bus eventually will replace the PCI bus completely.
The Universal Serial Bus (USB) and FireWire bus are buses that eliminate
the need to install expansion cards into expansion slots. In a computer
equipped with a USB, USB devices are connected to each other outside the
system unit and then a single cable attaches to the USB port. The USB port
then connects to USB, which connects to the PCI bus on the motherboard. The
USB hot plug feature allows peripheral devices to be connected to or removed
from the USB port while the PC is running. The FireWire bus works in a similar
fashion. With these buses, expansion slots are available for devices not
compatible with USB or FireWire.
The expansion bus for a PC Card is the PC Card bus. With a PC Card inserted into a
PC Card slot, data travels on the PC Card bus to the PCI bus.
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A system unit has many ports
Ports and Connectors
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Certain adapter cards have ports that allow you to attach a peripheral to the adapter
card.
The motherboard is designed with several port options, including at least one
serial port and parallel port each, several USB ports, and a FireWire port.
A serial port is a type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by
transmitting data one bit at a time. It usually used to connect devices that do
not required fast data transmission rates, such as a mouse or keyboard. The
COM port (short for communications port) on the system unit is one type of
serial port. Some modems, which connect the system unit to a telephone line,
use a serial port because the telephone line expects the data in a serial form.
Serial ports conform to either the RS-232 or RS-422 standard with 9-pin or 25-
pin. One of the 9 or 25 lines carries the serial signal to the peripheral device,
and another line carries the signal from the device. The other lines carry
control signals.
Parallel ports allow the parallel transmission of data; that is, several bits are
transmitted simultaneously. Figure also shows how 8-bit bytes travel in
parallel over 8 separate lines. Extra lines carry control signals. Parallel ports
use the same 25-pin RS-232C connector or the 36-pin Centronics connector.
These ports provide the interface for such devices as high-speed printers,
external magnetic tape or disk backup units, and other computers. Two newer
types of parallel ports, the EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) and the ECP (Extended
Capabilities Port), use the same connectors as the Centronics port, but are
more than 10 times faster.
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A serial port and parallel port
USB (Universal Serial Bus) ports are used in high-speed device interfaces. Up
to 127 peripheral devices can be daisy-chained to a single USB port. USB ports
are ideal for digital cameras, scanners, games controllers, MP3 music player,
CD & DVD, removable hard disk, PDA, smart phone, and high-speed modems.
Many system units have six to eight USB ports. Some newer peripheral devices
may attach only to a USB port. Others attach to either a serial or parallel port,
as well as a USB port. When connecting a device to a USB port, you do not
need to install a card in the computer. Simply plug one end of the cable into
the USB port and the other end into the device. To attach multiple peripherals
using a single USB port, you can use a USB hub. A USB hub is a device that
plugs in a USB port on the system unit and contains multiple USB ports in
which you plug cables from USB devices. Some USB hubs are wireless. The
latest version of USB, called USB 2.0, is a more advanced and faster USB, with
speeds 40 times higher than that of its predecessor.
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FireWire ports, also
called IEEE 1394
port, are similar to
the USB port and can
connect multiple types
of devices that require
faster data
transmission speeds
such as digital video
cameras, digital VCRs
color printer,
scanners, digital
cameras, and DVD
drives to a single USB and FireWire ports are replacing traditional ports
connector. Up to 63
devices can be connected together using a FireWire port. The latest FireWire
version, called FireWire 800, is much more advanced than its predecessor,
FireWire 400. The FireWire also supports Plug and Play. Many computer
professionals believe that ports such as USB and FireWire someday will replace
serial and parallel ports completely. Having standard ports and connectors,
such as USB and FireWire, greatly simplify the process of attaching devices to
a computer. In general, FireWire has replaced parallel and SCSI ports, and
USB ports have replaced mouse, keyboard, serial, audio, and parallel ports.
Some newer computers do not have a serial or parallel port. Users plug the
device in a USB or FireWire port. Figure 4-32 shows how USB and FireWire are
replacing other ports completely.
There are five special-purpose ports available: MIDI, eSATA, SCSI, IrDA, and
Bluetooth. These ports are not included in typical computers. For a computer to have
these ports, you often must customize the computer purchase order. MIDI (Musical
Instrument Digital Interface) ports connect the system unit to a musical
instrument, such as an electronic keyboard. The electronic music industry has
adopted MIDI as a standard to define how devices, such as sound cards and
synthesizers, represent sounds electronically. A synthesizer, which can be a
peripheral or a chip, creates sound from digital instructions. A system unit with a
MIDI port has the capability of recording sounds that have been created by a
synthesizer and the processing the sounds to create new sounds. Nearly every sound
card supports the MIDI standard, so you can play and manipulate on one computer
sounds that originally were created on another computer.
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SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) ports are special high-speed
parallel port and provide a parallel interface that enables faster data transmission
than serial and parallel ports. Also up to 15 SCSI peripheral devices can be daisy-
chained to a single SCSI port; that is, they are connected along a single cable. The
first SCSI device connects to the computer, the second SCSI device connects to the
first SCSI device, and so on. SAS (serial-attached SCSI) is a newer type of SCSI that
transmits at much faster speeds than parallel SCSI.
Built into the power supply is a fan that keeps the power supply cool. Many
newer computers have additional fans near certain components in the system unit
such as the processor, hard disk, and ports. Processor chips generate quite a bit of
heat, which could cause the chip to burn up. Although the computer’s main fan
generates airflow, many of today’s processors require additional cooling. A heat sink
is a small ceramic or metal component with fins on its surface that absorbs and
disperses heat produced by electrical components such as a processor. Because a
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
Developed by:
Johnny Jean Tigas
Revision # 01
heat sink consumes extra space, smaller device called a heat pipe cools processors in
notebook computers.
Equipment:
1. Computer
2. PPE
Steps/Procedure:
Date Developed: Document No.
1. Proceed toComputer
the station (with PC
System
Unit)
October assigned to you
24,2015 Issued by:
2. Identify theServicing,NC
different components
II Date and
Revised:write the specifications of
each component on your paper.
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3. Submit output to trainer for evaluation
Johnny Jean Tigas
Revision # 01
Criteria Yes No
Computer components and peripherals are identified
correctly
Questions about the computer components and peripherals
are answered correctly
Personal Protective Equipment(PPE) were used properly
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The objective of the activity are achieved accordingly
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
After reading this Information Sheet, you should be able to:
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Hardware Tools/Equipments Illustrations
and their Functions
Protective Eyewear
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order to prevent particulates,
infectious fluids, or chemicals
from striking the eyes
Multi-tester or Multi-meter
A multi-meter or a multi-tester,
also known as a VOM (Volt-Ohm
meter), is an electronic measuring
instrument that combines several
measurement functions in one
unit
Pliers (Assorted)
Screwdriver
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other machine elements with the
mating drive system
Soldering Gun
A soldering gun is
a tool for soldering metals using
tin-based solder to achieve a
highly conductive contact
Desoldering Tool
Allen Wrench
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(internal-wrenching hexagon drive)
Flashlight
A flashlight (or torch in British
English) is a hand-held portable
electric-powered light source.
Usually the light source is a
small incandescent light
bulb or light-emitting diode (LED)
Mirror
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Tweezers
Gloves
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A gloves are garments for covering
and protecting the whole hand
Printer
a printer is a peripheral which
produces a text or graphics of
documents stored in
electronic form, usually on
physical print media such as
paper or transparencies
Computer
A computer is
a programmable machine designe
d to automatically carry out a
sequence of arithmetic or logical
operations
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Windows Operating System
CD/DVD
Device Driver
CD/DVD
An application used
to install the device
and peripherals of a
computer systems
and networks
RS 232 pin
insertion/extraction
tool
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RS232 and D-Sub
Pin Insertion and
Removal Tool
Computer Networking
Tools and Device and Illustrations
their Functions
Crimping Tool
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tool to connect the RJ-
45 and RJ-11 connectors
to the end of the cable. In
the picture to the right, is
an example of what a
crimping tool looks like.
This example shows a tool
capable of crimping both
RJ-11 and RJ-45
connectors.
LAN Tester
UTP Unshielded
Twisted Pair Cat 5
Cable
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A cable used for
computer
networking
RJ 45 Connector
A plastic connector
used for UTP Cable
to connect
computers in a
network
Ethernet Switch
A network
switch or switching
hub is a computer
networking
device that
connects network
segments or networ
k devices
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
Developed by:
Johnny Jean Tigas
Revision # 01
References
1. http://www.workcover.nsw.gov.au/OHS/default.htm
2. www.cengageasia.com
3. www.wikipedia.com
A. IDENTIFICATION.
Direction: Identify the Precautions and Procedures write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if the statement is wrong.
________3. Fliers are hand tool used to hold objects firmly for beding or physical
Compression
________4. A screw is a tool for driving screws and often rotating other machine
elements with the mating drive system
________5. A Soldering Gun is a tool for soldering metals using tin-based solder
to achieve a highly conductive contact
B. MATCHING TYPE
Direction: Select your answer on the choices below that will correspond on the
statement. Write the letter of your answer on the space provided.
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1. Mirror
2. Flash light
3. Gloves
4. Tweezers
5. IC Insertion and Extracting Tool
______ 4. Intended for picking up objects too small for human hands
Compare your answers with the Answer Key on the next page. If you
get 80% and above, then you may proceed to the next activity but if not,
master the lesson and take the Self-Check again.
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ANSWER KEY 1.1-5
C. IDENTIFICATION
1. FALSE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. FALSE
5. TRUE
D. MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. G
2. J
3. F
4. I
5. H
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EVIDENCE PLAN
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QUALIFICATION: COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING – NC II
Title of Evaluation INSTALL COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND
NETWORKS
Units of INSTALL COMPUTER SYSTEMS AND
competency NETWORKS
covered
Written Examination
The evidence must show that the trainee …
Plans and prepares installation to ensure OH&S
policies and procedures , sequences the work
X X X
appropriately in accordance with requirements
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Obtains tools, equipments and testing devices which
needs to carry out installation work that establishes X
and checks procedure for correct operation and safety
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Removes parts or connections of the installation or
service in order to conduct the test are stored to
protect against loss or damage and in accordance
with established procedures
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distortion to the surrounding environment or services*
Types of computers
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Configures Computer PC Hardware
Use of utilities/software
Operating systems
Diagnostic software
Device drivers
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Table of Specification
Objectives/ # of
Content Knowledge Comprehensive Application Items/ %
Area/ Topics of test
Installation is
planned and
prepared to
ensure OH&S
policies and
procedures
are followed, (5) (2) (3) (10)
the work is 10% 4% 6% 20%
appropriately
sequenced in
accordance
with
requirements
Computer
(2) (3) (5) (10)
operating
4% 6% 10% 20%
systems
Appropriate
personnel are
consulted to
ensure the
work is (1) (1) (3) (5)
coordinated 2% 2% 6% 10%
effectively with
others
involved on
the work site
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work are
obtained in
accordance
with
established
procedures
and checked
for correct
operation and
safety
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PERFORMANCE TEST
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
DIRECTION: Select the best answer from among the choices given. Write
your answer on your answer sheets.(15 minutes time limit.
10 items each)
A. Inspection
B. Installation
C. Intonation
D. None of the Above
3. Failure to do the proper jumper setting may cause damage to your
________.
A. Monitor
B. Printer
C. CPU
D. All of the Above
4. Without an effective ________, the CPU can overheat and cause damage
to both CPU and the motherboard.
A. Cooling Fan
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
Developed by:
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B. Heat Sink
C. Motherboard
D. All of the Above
5. Each bank must have the same _____ and type of memory installed in
pairs.
A. Size
B. Speed
C. Accuracy
D. All of the Above
6. Before adding and removing any other system components, make sure
that you unplug your _________.
A. Motherboard
B. UPS
C. Power Supply
D. All of the Above
A. Solar System
B. System Component
C. Shoot System
D. None of the Above
A. Booting Up
B. Heating Up
C. Warming Up
D. All of the Above
9. If the computer does not pass any of the ________________ (POST), the
computer will receive an irregular_________________. An irregular POST
is a beep code which is different from the standard beep which can
either be no beeps at all or a combination of different beeps.
A. Power on Self-Test
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
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B. Power on Supply-Test
C. Power on System-Test
D. None of the Above
A. Strike Force
B. Lightning Force
C. Labor Force
A. Operating System
B. Application Programs
C. Time-Sharing Operating System
D. Multi-User Operating System
E. Single-Tasking System
F. Distributed Operating System
G. Embedded Operating System
H. Ken Thompson
I. Mac OS X
J. Linus Torvald
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3. It allows multiple users to access a computer system concurrently.
Time-sharing system can be classified as multi-user systems as they
enable a multiple user access to a computer through the sharing of
time.
10. An operating system type that schedule tasks for efficient use of
the system and may also include accounting for cost allocation of
processor time, mass storage, printing, and other resources.
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III. TRUE OR FALSE
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE. If the statement is FALSE.
Write your answers in your answer sheets. (5 minutes time limit. 5 items
each).
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IV. Modified TRUE OR FALSE
Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE. If the statement is FALSE
change the underlined word and write the correct answer. Write your
answers in your answer sheets. (10 minutes time limit. 15 items each.
Wrong spelling wrong)
A. Computer Devices and Peripherals
4. Input devices allow you to enter data or commands in a form that the
computer can use; they send the data or commands to the processing
unit.
7. The circuitry in the system unit is part of a circuit board called the
motherboard.
8. The memory, formally known as the central processing unit (CPU), has
electronic circuitry that manipulates input data into the information
people want. Computer instructions are actually are executed in the
central processing unit.
Date Developed: Document No.
Computer System October 24,2015 Issued by:
Servicing,NC II Date Revised:
Developed by:
Johnny Jean Tigas
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9. Memory is a series of electronic elements that temporarily holds data
and program instructions while they are being processed by the CPU. –t
11. Storage usually means primary storage that can store data and
programs outside the computer itself.
12. Communications devices provide connections between the
computer and communications networks, and enable computer users to
communicate and to exchange data, information, and programs with
other computers.
13. The system unit is a box-like case that houses the processor,
memory and other electronic components of the computer that are used
to process data.
14. When the cover of a system unit is removed, the motherboard, also
called system board, can be seen inside the housing.
V. COMPLETION
Complete the sentence by giving the right answer in the blanks. Write your
answer in you answer sheets. (10 minutes time limit. 10 items each.
Wrong spelling wrong)
A. Tools and Equipments
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4. A tool for driving screws and often rotating other machine elements with
the mating drive system is called___________.
6. Tools used for removing the molten solder so that the joint may be
separated are called_______________.
8. Tools used for picking up objects too small to be easily handled with
the human hands are called _________________.
ANSWER KEYS
I. MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A 5. A 9. A
2. B 6. C 10. C
3. C 7. B
4. A 8. A
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II. MATCHING TYPE
A.
1. B
2. A
3. D
4. J
5. I
6. H
7. G
8. F
9. E
10. C
A.
1. FALSE
2. FALSE
3. FALSE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE
A.
1. TRUE
2. PROCESSING
3. COMMUNICATION
4. TRUE
5. OUTPUT DEVICE
6. SYSTEM UNIT
7. TRUE
8. PROCESSOR
9. TRUE
10. ELECTRONIC DEVICE
11. SECONDARY STORAGE
12. TRUE
13. TRUE
14. TRUE
15. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT
V. COMPLETION
A.
1. PROTECTIVE EYEWEAR
2. MULTI-METER OR MULTI-TESTER OR VOM METER
3. PLIER
4. SCREWDRIVER
5. SOLDERING GUN OR IRON
6. DESOLDERING TOOLS
7. FLASHLIGHT
8. TWEEZERS
9. GLOVE
10. PRINTER
QUESTIONING TOOL
Trainee’s name:
Trainer’s name:
QUALIFICATION: COMPUTER SYSTEM SERVICING – NC II
Title of Evaluation INSTALL AND CONFIGURE COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
Units of competency INSTALL AND CONFIGURE COMPUTER
covered: SYSTEMS
Date of evaluation:
Time of evaluation:
Instructions for Practical Demonstration:
Please see attached Instruction for Practical examination (Trainee)
In the workshop, given the supplies, materials, tools and equipment, you
are required to install, assemble and test computers and common
peripherals in 4 hours only.
Supplies and Materials Tools and equipment
Paper Computer
Ball pen Anti Static Risk Wrap
Reference books PPE
Manuals Multi-Tester
Screw Driver
Tweezers
to show if
evidence is
demonstrated
During the demonstration of skills, the trainee: N/
Yes No
A
Plans and prepares installation to ensure OH&S
policies’ procedures and requirements
Consults appropriate personnel and ensures the work
coordinates effectively with others involve on the work site
Questioning:
Assessor’s Name:
Assessment Center