Lista de ejercicios

1. A simple harmonic oscillator consists of a 100-g mass attached to a spring whose force constant is 104 dyne/cm
.The mass is displaced 3 cm and released from rest.Calculate (a) the natural frequency v 0 and the period τ0 , (b)
the total energy, and (c) the maximum speed.

2. A body of uniform cross-sectional area A = 1 cm2 and of mass density ρ = 0.8 g/cm3 floats in a liquid of density
ρ 0 = 1 g/cm3 and equilibrium displaces a volume V = 0.8 cm3 . Show that the period of small oscillations about
the equilibrium position is given by

τ=2π V /g A
p

where g is the gravitational field strength. Determine the value of τ.

3. A simple pendulum consist of a mass m suspended from a fixed point by a weightless, extensionless rod of
p the equation of motion and, in the approximation that sin θ  θ, show that the natural fre-
length l . Obtain
quency is ω0 = g /l , where g is the gravitational field strength. Discuss the motion in the event that the motion
takes place in a viscous medium with retarding force 2m g l θ̇.
p

4. A particle of mass m is at rest at the end of a spring (force constant = k) hanging from a fixed support.At t = 0, a
constant downward force F is applied to the mass and acts for a time t 0 . Show that, after the force is removed,
the displacement of the mass from its equilibrium position (x = x 0 , where x is down) is

F
x − x0 = K [cosω0 (t − t 0 ) − cosω0 t ]

where ω20 = k/m.

5. Express the displacement x(t ) and the velocity ẋ(t ) for the overdamped oscillator in terms of hyperbolic fun-
ctions.