Texte sapltuentare Arevolation aly with the one work. Tam speaks tainster to make lectual work bas begun. Ta sev occurred In industey when meson complicated plants and fo tranlate techsial tots feet comme = F80Re Into another, VocaBuLany = Pent, rapid, concte pe seurt ws the Order (Gh. Titica) 4. CRYSTALLIZATION OF PURE METALS joncrystalline, and the atoms move it regard to interspatial distances, them from ler the control however, and A metal in the liquid sti freely among one another ‘The internal energy which lattices is accompanied by: If this heat is removedam from the metal, erystall grow about each cente: liquid, with the lattice structure expandin; erference with of or with the walls of the container. If a space-latti without interference, 2 single cryst: il have an external shape typical of the sys! development is stopped by es. In most instances, at random throughout’ the mass number of atoms to form a space-la is encountered. There are many stages in the pro ization begins from some centel continues, more centers appear and develop random orientation. Small crystals may the same orientation, the large o1 places at the surface space-lattice to develop. Su appearance of crystals in the same orientation which shows of regular faces. Each grain is essenti of the grain depends upon the temperature from which the metal is rate, and the nature of of heat at the solidification temperat grains, whereas the rapid removal of heat grains. ie to form the space-tattic cooling continues. ‘Texte suplimentare rystallization will enlarge as more atoms are added, tu . thelr axes are very nearly aligned. During the last Stages of formation, crystals meet, aud there are Pineereection where interference accounts for the irregular iece of metal when polished and etched. fue fet crystal is usually applied to a group. of spacedattices of j, ‘oted that the temperature remains constant during the (° ification by virtue of the energy gt ou) will form of a proper centers of terference by cess of 13 oF nu nes, provided they have about impossible for another metry by the development ially a single crystal. The size metal. Slow removal produce a few large produce many s:nall are out when the , as soon as all of the liquid CRYSTALLIZATION OF PURE METALS _ se mlgok facet tthe atoms move slugelshly to be removed from the zpetal rill grow about each center big oa form et random throughout the igaid mass 1 x more ators are ated ts crystallization continues Provided they Rave sbout the sie orien ities ma = cut condifia ca 58 afb aproape acceas! orientare ‘rich Interference ascounts for the lrre- lar appearance of erystaln te will be noted that by virtue of = © astiel de interferare expllot sparitia fecegulatAn erletalelor. 1, Learn fo ash questions: Anawer the following questions: ‘or the rapla removal of heat produce ? 15. What might one conclude from what has been sal EXERCISES the following sentences end leara them by heart: cara aceasta, (Pythagoras) sare snt mal bune ca tXcerea fouce decide = at trebai af clatarim bine8 ‘Texto saplimentare fe de-a ven! in elas, te that Ong ‘secompanying verb to perfect form. Il. Translate from Rogllsh into Rumanten, You ought to stay at Lome and study to night. I ougt Plant this week, Tought to have visited the metatergh ‘ought to remain constant during the process of sol grown equally in all directions: ML. Translate from Rumanlen tuto Euglish. Ar trebui s8 gtta acest proces de rire, Aires. Ar trebul of lafeleg tai bine aces TV, Write @ summary on the crystallization of pure metas, V. Ask ten questions on the following text: From what Aas been sad, one might conclude that, during the proc all directions. In practice this je ot re perpendleular fe sd gamma fron chang ‘ron, This form exists up to the melting potnt of sracturs of metals and 4, Hach wait cell in space. other Only 14 types of ‘When a mineral crystallizes in two of more that occur prepared your homework before coming to class = er fl trebult o's also used in the past by changing the infinitive of the the 23°! of August rear. The temperatitze fon. The grains ought to Lave As fi trebuit sl creased mat repede tn ansumita te Iuerurl, Ar fi trebuit a8 cltese maf amulet Ut of this preferred Stricture exists up to a temperatuse of 2599°% to 349 ORYSTALLIZATION OF PURE METALS a9 VvocABULANY = ase apropia = Gestal de" eproape = rejea eubled eu fofe cen = stracturi arborescenta = stracturt dendsitied bouanaueun rf sy) Silat noes eke ai) = Hes5. FORCES act (38H of Forces, When the extreme end of Fepresenting the second force Composition of several forces a i ingle plane, their resitltay Sate Forces. same point and acting in ties sceoultant of two forces applied at ‘the’ the forces. ee SIE eRE err eee————— in the same direction, is equal to the sams When known, determine m, and magnitude, The ich it tends to move the FORCES 381 If two forces are parallel and act in the same direction, then their resultant is parallel to both lines, is located between them, and is equal to the sum of the two components. ‘The resultant of two parallel forces acting in opposite directions is parallel to both lines, it is located outside of them ou the side of the greater of the components, and it is equal to the difference bet- ween the two components. ‘Moment of Force. The moment of a force with respect to a point is the product of the force multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the given point to the direction of the force. ‘The moment of the resultant of any number of forces acting together, in the same plane, is equal to the algebraic sum of the moments of the separate forces ne Notes to the toxt their resultant way be found as follows — xezultanta lor poste fi gisitt dups cum armen then through the extreme end of the Tength and direction as the thied force = spol de aceeasi lungime gl dicectle ca cea de @ = paralel ct amt je of them — este platsta fn afara lor ‘greater of the components — de partea componentel celel ma! ye draw a line parallel to, and of the same ‘Copal ie! tragest o iale paraleld co ‘8 ‘ith respect to a point = fat8 de un punct From the given point = ae ia panetal dat fany munber of forces acting together — orice numir de forte care actioneuza fm. preuad. Learn to ash questions and answer the following questions: 1, What Is a force? 2, Gan you mention the characteristics of a force? 8, What Is the resultant of forces? 4. What are the components? 5, How ts the resultant represented two forces are represented in magnitude logeam? mt when several forces ere applied at » ions? 8, What happens when two forces act Ia opposite dir 9, How is the resultant and where is it located when two forces are parallel and act tm the same direction?