cs ion eet free cd ode eet writingB2 Workbook Frances Treloar Contents Revision: Units 3-4 am. Unita ater cnet Unit 6: Revision: Units 5-6 Urtit 10: sian Revision: Units 9-10 nn Progress Tests: 1-10 .. Gateway B2 Dictionary .... MACMILLAN(yy Stammar > resent simple » Past simple » Present continuous: 4 > Past continuous » Present perectsimple » Present prtct continuous » Gerunds and infntves 1 ] NSiUe NY plans Vocabulary » Studying at university vLife at university » doand make “Speaking » Giving personal infomation — preterences » Replying to an nfrmal email > Vocabulary Studying at university 11 Write the words in the correct column. Write n (noun), v (verb) or n/. assignment become independent cheat continuous assessment course exta-curicuaractvty. fal fall oftesdence lecture notes poss research rest revise student stadentfecttes student loan term tutor tutorial undergraduate Studying at university | Living at university People course (n) student files (n) | student (n) Use the word given in CAPITALS to form a word that fits in the gap. 1. Youlearn to be when you stop living with your parents DEPEND (Qne way of checking a student’ progress at university isby assessment ‘CONTINUE ‘Students have to do foreach of the subjects they study at university ASSIGN A Isa type of class at university, TUTOR When they are not at lectures, students can choose Complete the answers using words from 1 todo extra-curricular___ ACTIVE Dave: You enjoy university, dont you, Freddie? FREDDIE: [ts reat! Where do you live when you ae at university? 3. Choose the correctalterative a, b, orc. nat) Life at university 1. Ihaye tobe more _6 now that 'm studying away from home. And how do you pay for everything? You haven't got a fiiendly bb independent abroad ajob, have you? Ourhistory __ start at 230 and finishes at 4.00 this No.lget (2). i afternoon, What do you doin your spare time? a tutor tem € lecture There ar lots of clubs which arrange Kath cait come out with us tonight because shes @) - fora testtomorow a marking b resiting revising My brothers studying for a__in Physics at university in Canada. a graduate b degree esearch When re that took in my tutorial | coulda’ Understand them! a course bb activities notes DAVE: How do you think youl do in your end-ofterm, What are the teachers called there? They‘ called lecturers or 4) |What's that paper you're reading? FREDDIE: An article on the latest (5) into antiviral drugs. lve got tohand in my __ tomorrow. exams? a assignment b-grade © tutor FREDDIE: | hope ll (6) ____them all1. You are going to read an interview with Erin, a student who studied at University of Auckland, New Zealand. First, read the questions and predict the answers to questions 1 and 2. 1. What was the greatest challenge you had to overcome? \Why should students study abroad? \What were your favourite courses? How was your accommodation? \What was your favourite attraction in Auckland? \What is your best memory of New Zealand? ‘Now read the interview and match the questions with the paragraphs. A 3 The experiences gained during an extended time abroad are absolutely invaluable, Now that! have spent a semester away from my home country, | am more awate ofthe huge variety of| cultures around the world. lam also more aware ofthe similarities, amongst people. With Auckland being such an international centre, | especially enjoyed the excitement of sharing laughter and making memories with new friends from around the world B Ichose to doa homestay. would definitely recommend the homestay experience if you are looking fora iastg of the real New Zealand lifestyle. | suppose | would have met more of my fellow students more quickly if 4 stayed ina hal of residence, but the Coverall experience was entirely worthwhile co Mount Eden was fantastic fora great view of the city and an eatilorting walk to the tp ofits crater | aso enjoyed being able {0 jog along the northern edge ofthe city towards Mission Bay. Though Mission Bay ise vas just beyond a comiortable jogging distance | could spend about NZS1.60 and get there in five minutes on the bus Dy tt Pacific Music and Dance always proved to present something new and exciting, From the dance rehearsals to singing in new languages, | thoroughly enjoyed gaining a better understanding of Pacific culture through this interactive class. thought thatthe sie of teaching for each of my classes was. nice contrast to ‘what 've experienced inthe States. For each major lecture, there ‘would be- professor brought in who specialised in that fel. In my Biopsychology course, we had three different professors, each with a diferent specialty ee [always enjoyed the spontanetty of my if in Auckland, One week rear the end of my stay, friend and | decided that we should sit Australia while we were stl so near (1,000 miles versus 8000). Four days before departing for Sydney and Tasmania, we began our preparations, purchased our fights and booked our hostels. We had a complete last and I defintely learned to enjoy planning on the spur ofthe moment! twas atime that | think will ‘always really stand out in my mind as very special. F Itwas a bit fficutto initiate conversation with the locals a the university to begin with. But | found that once! attended several ‘on-campus activites, this challenge became less ofa concern. | decided to enol in a flamenco dance class as well as becoming amember ofa sling club. The frends that | met through both organisations proved to be of areat asistance during my adjustment to living abroad, and we are stil in contact today. Are these sentences true (T) or false (F)? 1._Erin met people of many nationalities in Auckland, 2. Erin wishes she had stayed ina hall of residence. Erin used to enjoy jogging to Mission Bay when she lived in Auckland. Erin found subjects were taught ina similar way to the way they are aught in the USA, According to Erin, many New Zealand citizens ive ‘outside new Zealand, Erin decided to take a trip to Australia without much time to prepare. ie At first, rin found it hard to communicate with New Zealanders Te Find these words in the text and work out which definition is correct. Jabba aneTAD wife. ee Gee 2 este anpophd) Samples 3 exhilarating (paragraph C) exciting/dangerous 4 Interactive (paragraph D) when everyone takes parulwhen, compctese we spontnety(aegaph®) behaving sronge/ behavrg vathour planing blast (paragraph &) great time/disaster adjustment (paragraph G) time of getting used to something weeing Consider the following questions and make notes.You will use your notes on page 9. 1 Ifyou were going to study abroad, where would you choose to.go? Why? What advantages do students have who study abroad? What advantages do universities gain from having lots of foreign students?leTreT remo be Present simple, present continuous, past simple and past continuous 11 Write the tense that is used when we talk about the following situations. Then write your own example for each. 1. actions thatare heppeningnow present continuous Everyone's sitting down now so we can start the film. 2. actions that happen very often and are annoying or iitating 3. present routines orhabits 4 changing situations n the present jesin progress in the past 6 temporary actions in the present 7. present states 8 finished actions in the past 9 things thatare always or generally rue 2. Read about Hannah’ night out. Then complete the sentences with the correct past tense forms of the verbs given. Its the nightof the concert 7.30: Hannah artves at the concert hall. She stands outside the main entrance. Hannah's friend Felicity arrives. They go inside the concert hall Hannah and Felicy start tol00«for their other friends The band begins to pay. Hannah and Felicity find their friends ‘The band plays their ast song, Hannah anc Felicity take the bus home. 7.40: 8.15: 8.20: 930: 935: [At the concert last night 1 Hannah __ (stand) outside when Felicity (arrive) 2 Hannah and Felicity _ __{g0) inside as soon, as Felicity (arrive) 3 Hannah and Felici (look for) their fiends when the band (begin) to pay. 4 Theband (play) when Felicity and Hannah, (find) ther fiends at 820. 5 When the band Felicity and Hannah _ home. (play) their lst song, (take) the bus 3. Lookatthe information about a university library. Describe the library using the correct present tense of these verbs. close construct contain extend open un Present perfect and present perfect continuous 4 Complete the text about George with present perfect simple for continuous form of the verbs given. George (1) Sisto year asa university student. He (2) : psychology up until now, but recently he (3) (decide) that he wants to study something ese. His tutors @ _(ell him to think very carefully before changing his cours. For now, George (5) (follow) his tutors advice. He(6)____(go}toall his Psychology lectures and he (7) (think) more about what he wants to do, (stant his second (study) Grammar extension 5 Write about your studies, your leisure time activities, any job you do and where you live. Use the present perfect and the present perfect continuous, and these words, ‘for | never since yet “alvaysone Rens doand make 1. Write these words under the correct heading to make Write sentences about the following, expressions. 1 how often you make dinner acourse anassignment breakfast adecsion emerem aneycuse friends the housework ate ay noise apromise the shopping when you last made a phone cal sport suggestion well someone youve done a favour for recently an important decision you made recently who does the shopping in your household 2. Read what the people did and write short sentences using some of the expressions above. if you do spor, what sports you do 1. The exam room was all quiet, then Sally dropped her pencil ‘case on the floor. Sally made a nose : Elena went to the wrong place for her lecture, Juliet spent ll day leaning her sting room, kitchen and bedrooms, Harriet finished her Spanish lasses last week Kate won the second prize in a poetry-writing competition. Lara said she couldnt go out because she had a headache, Francesca wrote 2000 words and handed itn to her tutor Vocabulary extension: phrasal verbs with do. and make 4 Match the verbs in italic (1-6) with their definitions (a-f) 1 think they need to do up the old parts ofthe university. a 2. | take my mobile phone everywhere. | couldrit do without it. 3. Can you make out who thats in the photo? lis not clear. 4. I'm going to make ths part of my bedroom intoan office 5 I'm goingto take Helen some flowers to make up for missing My party when she wasill. 66 lke making up stories to tell my nieces and nephews a b c d e i be able to see, hear or understand something, but with cificulty say or write something thats not true make something bad become good, or reduce the effect of someting bad repair or decorate a bulding so that itfooks attractive change one thing so It becomes anther thing manage, despite not having somethingRead the post on a university website forum written by a female student called Sonya. Answer these questions about it, Usea dictionary if you need to. » sek 1 Which word means ‘you do your awn cooking’? si 2. Which word means'a private bathroom connected to @ room’? ‘S 3. What does not bothered about mean? 7 What does appreciate mean? Soni 2. Now read about three different halls of residences. Which one is best for Sonya? Why? Which of her requirements are not met? Logie House Logie House consists ‘of par-catered accommodation for 100 students. Each ofthe five floors has rooms on ane cartcor with acces to two bathrooms and kitchen for students to prepare snacks and light meas. The restaurant provides hot end cold meas throughout the day as wal as a teke-away service. Catring is provided dung term- time only, and so students must sel-cater during vacations. Park Hall ‘The newest hall of residence is Park Hall, which opened in 2005 and accommodates 250 studs. The incividual study bedrooms are arranged into flats, each with five ‘stud bedrooms, a kitchen and a bathroom. Park Hall cen accommodate undergraduate ‘and postgraduate students. The hall is self-catering but students may use the salt service restaurant at nearby Halton Hall, This restaurant provides range of hot and cold meals throughout the day ‘The Taylor Building ‘The Taylor Building wes uit in 2000 ands stuated on tree floors above the Univesity bookshop, There are 20 flats suitable for postgraduates or mature undergraduates. 10 flats ara studio fats, for single students. The other 10 are family fas for couples or single parents with ane child, All roms have a private bathroom, The Tayler Building is rear the town centre. 3 Read the text again and choose a,b orc. 1. What are the cooking and eating arrangementsin Park Hall? a You cook for yourself unless you want to pay fora meal in student restaurant bb There isa restaurant in Park Hal forthe 250 students who lve there. ¢ Fach study room has its own cooking facilities, 4 2. You can vein a family fat in the Taylor Building only if you a areamatred undergraduate ot postoraduate. b_ area postgraduate ora mature student and are married with atleast one child ¢ are apostgracuate ora mature student with either a partner or a child ‘would very much appreciate my own room ‘not bothered about ensuite ‘would like piano access prefer a fiat rather than long corridors of rooms ‘Any suggestions? 2 aitisiomanen » Tm going to university next year and need to choose my | hall of residence, Can anyone help? Ideally, 'm looking for | undergraduate accommodation Hf-catering n't mind a walk into town, ya 3. Students who live in Logie House have ensuite bathrooms shared flats ¢ meals provided in term time. Imagine that you are going to liven a hall of residence. Circle the options you would select. Use your dictionary ifnecessary. + accommodation for: nndergraduates/postgraduates/mature students + self-catering/catered + own room/shared room + ensuite bathroorn/separate bathroom + aroom ina fat/a room on a corridor + on campus/away from campus> Grammar in context Gerunds and infinitives 1 1. Complete the sentences with the gerund or infinitive form Correct the error in each sentence. Underline the wrong of the verbs given. Preparing for life at university or college iiss ______ (sort out) yourfinancesis vita 2. Itisimportant (Get up) a bank account before you start university i (check) the suitability of your accommodation is essential Find out how often itis necessary (make) accommodation payne Set up an email account (help) you keepin contact with your family and fiends Find out about local transport although (walk) may save you money, you may be safer at night you use public transport or drive Lear (cook) some simple, cheap meals if your accommodation involves, se (share) costs with others, decide how bils willbe divided amongst you. Whit a ist ofthings you want (take) well in advance to avoid (forget) anything, CCheck whether theres anything you need (do) before attending your first lecture. Look at 1 again. Which of the sentences follow these rules? ‘The Infinitive isused after certain verbs The infinitive is used immediately ater an adjective ‘The infinitive is used to give a reason or purpose for doing something, The gerund is used after certain verbs. The gerund is used as the subject of sentence, Match the two parts of the sentences. im qualified am not interested it I wwould never risk ve recently decided Im expecting the weather to warm up soon. to get a dog to aive fist ad leaving my bike unlocked, becoming president ‘of my country, word(s) and write the correct word(s) on the line. 1._Jemma cycles to school for keep it 2. My fiends tried to encourage me going on the roller coaster but | couldn't The book shop owner suggested buy this new thier do you know it? sil eee erie ‘Make sure your password is something you'll find easy to remembered Klaus promised text his parentsas soon ashe found out his test results. 7 None of my friends can standing eating the food in the school canteen, Yasmin isalways the first person at finishing her workin class Have you ever considered to become a police officer? Grammar extension 5. Write sentences that are true for you, using these gerunds and Infinitives. ‘eyciing playing researching torevise to pass tostudy tobe writing (don like eelng when i’ rainingGiving personal information 1. Read the answers and write the questions. Future study plans 1 What would yon like to do afer you've finished sch Iedlike to go to university after I've fnished school | think fd prefer to go to university away from home. If lived at home, | wouldn'tbe so independent. lim not sure which one.| need to go andlookat some ofthem 5 af fist and then decide which place would be the best for me to study in, | don't know if fd want to, Ive never been abroad before, soit ‘might be cificult for me to go and study in a different county. | think fd prefer to study in my own country | enjoy maths and biology, but | think'd prefer todobiologyat 6 University that Id lve ina house with some friends. 2. Lookat the questions you've written for 1, Give your own answers. Ifyou don't want to go to university, answer the questions for ajob. 1 2 3 Ensuite room: sincle study bedrooms with ensuite faciities comprising shower, washbasin and tole. Kitchens ae usually shared by na more than Sresidents. _ ‘Answer the questions about the rooms. 1. What are the main diferences between the three rooms? 2. Which one would you prefer to liven and why? Standard room: single study bedrooms without a washbasin, Bathrooms and kitchens are normally shared between 8 or more residents North Richmond University Halls of Residence ame (COUN Standard plus room: larger single study. ‘bedrooms with a washbasin and large single ‘beds Bathrooms and kitchens are shared by. rio more than 5 residents 5. Read the completed form and write about Kim’ preferences. Choosing your hall. Step one. Please tick your preferences. 4 share @ room with ane other person 2 cook fer yourselt @ 3 lveinatar @ 4 stay in the hall for vacations 5 live in the city centre have your own room @ eatin university restaurants @ lve ina room on @ corridor 0 away for vacations @ live outside the city centre @ (rather) Shed rather have her own room than share a.room. (orefe (cathe (orefen (catherSee writing An informal email replying to a request for information 1. Read the expressions and write formal or informal. 1 Hilal formal 2 Dear MiFellows 3. twas greatto hear from you 4 Althebest 5 Yours sincerely 6 Thanks 2 7 _\am writing to complain about one of your products. I would be grateful if you could send me a copy of the photograph. 9 Id love a copy ofthat photo ~ can you send me one? Read the email from an English friend called Leo, Underline the points that Leo wants you to answer. From: Leo Subject: Hit I hope everything's OK. It seems a long time since heard from you. What have you and your family been doing recently? V’m trying to decide which universities to apply for. My main decision is about whether to study abroad or not. I’ve looked at some universities in Australia, and I'd love to go there to study. There are some excellent courses and I could spend my free time doing water sports, which I love, as you know! 1’m also considering coming to study in your country, What do you think are the advantages for me of doing that? On the other hand, I can see that staying in England is easier. Maybe you could come and study here, or we could both go and study in Australia together! What are your preferences? This week I’ve been doing work experience. My school organised some work for me in a fashion designer's, studio! It was fantastic. He was really rice and I learned tons about fashion and making clothes. What kind of preparation for-leaving school do you get? Write and tell me about it~ I'd really like to know. Write soont Al best wishes, Leo 3. Write reply to Leo in an informal email, To: Leo From: Hi Subject:Grammar + Past perfect simple and continuous i » Past and present habits > Gerunds and infnitves 2 Jocabulary » Work and jobs — conditions, stages, phrasal verbs, et. » Stimulus-based discussions 1 Work conditions and responsibilities 1 What kind of work do these people do? Place a tick (7) in each box that you think applies to each job. Farmers | Nurses | PAs | Firefighters usually work ong hours Ee usually do shift work usuelly work from 9 are usually very well-paid are skilled usuelly work indoors | often work outdoors, are often self-employed are usually employees work in dangerous conditions ‘mainly do paperwork ‘mainly do manual work deal with lots of different people | Stages of a job beer pgp ees pee 4 Davis dad want Davi to be a doctor Bu David wants tobe (Greid the cect face a refightan Match Davids responses this dad p Two OO 1 Siz 8 8 : 2 3. | got promotion. 4 5 Doctors are very well-paid i Firefighters have to workin very dangerous conditions. tas made edunder 8 8 3 Frefighters usualy have to do night shifts ace 4 Firefighters have to work outdoors, which must be 3 Complete the job advertisement with the words from the box. hardin winter, What ob do you think this advertisements for? Davio: 5 Da: Whatabout the qualications you've got fiom school that you wort need if you become a firefighter? Davin: deal with experience get promotion responsible stressful training ‘a. Butthat sus me. don't want to work indoors al the time, b_ And so do doctors. They often have to work long hours, too. © Butfireighters can earn a good salary and they get an Torte day-to-day operation ofthe provides. Yeu vil You wi bi testaurant ae orth vol of save aur establishment management, Kicho staf and custemer hovetot@) canis. wit excellent pension when they retire servis personne in sometimes (3. apa d_ But wont be a firefighter forever. | might want to goto te pesto kanya university tern my te ‘of augassing statin cur xgarisaton.Revant lb provied tough Langer Cllege o Yes, but doctors work can be very stressful and dificult, 0oer 1 Before you read, look at the photos on page 10 and make notes on the following: 11 the conditions the people are working in 2. how you think the workers might feel 3. what aspects of each job make it dangerous ‘trucks are usually 3.3 meties tal and 2.6 ‘metres wide and weigh atleast 4000 Jos, At monstor truck shows, the trucks ‘uch smaller vehicles beneath the shuge tyres. Accidenss cen heppen ifthe liver loses control or the truck tips over. Oil dritler Dsters cantake. home between $35,000 and $47,000 ‘on average annually. Driling = dangerous because of gue leaks that ‘can lead to explosions. An average oil drilor works 12hours aday with only a handful of breaks, King-crab fisherman ‘A cee member's annual salary ‘averages $40,000-$50,000, depending on how successful the season is, The dangers they face are fey obvious: working with tificul-to-manage equipment in ‘an extemely harsh environment, surrounded by frezing sea watets. Ice road trucker Ico roads fare created when snow is cleared ‘tom fozen lakes, Truckers can't drive faster than 16 mph, in order to provent waves from cocurning under the ice'seuface. One ofthe greatest ‘hazards fora trucker is when 108 contracts and expands, causing ito rack. A trucker earns around $750 load 2 Write one-word answers America’s Toughest Jobs is a reality television show that was broadcast on American television. Thirteen contestants competed to win the prize which was the sum of all the salaries that employees would earn in the first year of doing these jobs. In each episode, the contestants left their safe and comfortable careers to attempt some of the most challeng and dangerous jobs on earth. They were supervised and evaluated by actual workers or employers in those jobs. The supervisors selected ‘the best-performing contestants for praise, and also judged which contestants performed the worst. One of the worst had to leave each week's show. The series showed the contestants suffering sea- sickness on board ship in the Bering sea, narrowiy avoiding falling tree trunks, performing mountain rescues, connecting oil pipes in 43°C heat and being injured while taking a bull by its horns. They ‘also had to do maintenance work on a bridge 60 metres above a harbour, perform jumps in a monster truck, stand in an icy river all day, search for gold and drive a truck across frozen Alaska. Bullfighter Bullighters can mal up to $600 an ‘event, The main job ofa bullighter isto protect the rider after he gots bucked off the bull The bulls are ‘unpredictable and can trample bullighters so injuries are very common, Drivers gek.nail around $29,000 a year Gold miner A gold miner can get '$2,000-84.000 per ounce of god. Gold ‘minate in Alaa live and workin the ‘mountains, standing in ioy cold river, sometimes working 24 hours aday. Bridge crew worker A bridge ‘crew member requires most ofthe samo skis as any other construction job. The ‘workers azo at sk of being injured in accidents and faling rom dangerous Insights. A typical salary is $48,000. Logger Loggers eam an avorege salary cof $44,000 It's not only the danger posed by fling ‘rees that makes logging 50 Dazasdous: the cutting machinery and other ‘equipment make ivan exsremely dangerous seeupatin. Mountain rescuer Freezing temperavures and high altitude make this ‘ patticulaly dangerous job. Other major ‘sks are avalanches and falls. Huzricane- force winds edit the danger Selaries start at around $61,000. 4 Which of the underlined words in the texts mean the same as the following words: 1. What type of TV show is America’ Toughest Jobs? a show What was the prize? the of several salaries added together Who judged the contestants? ‘or others who worked in the jobs 1 dangers 2. dangerous 3 job _ 4 building _ 5 managed 6 team 7 ean \Which ob involved working in hot conditions? the _- Industry job ‘Where cid contestants have to stand in an icy river? In ‘According to the texts, which workers... 1. work ery long hours? and. 2. have to use especially dangerous tools? 2d and. 3 are paid each time they work rather than a salary? Answer the following questions about the jobs in the text. 1 Would you like to be 2 contestant ina show like America’s Toughest Jobs? Why/Why not? Which ofthejobs do you think isthe toughest and why? Do you think the amount of money paid to these workers is faire Why/Why not?> Grammar in context Past perfect simple and past perfect continuous 1. Read the rules and write them in the correct column. One of the sentences should be written in both columns. This gives more importance to the duration of actions. This is formed with had + been + -Ing form of the main verb. This gives more importance to completed actions This is used to talk about actions that occurted before another action, This is formed with had + the past participle of the main verb. Past perfect simple Past perfect continuous 2. Read the sentences and complete the sentences with Joe, Helen or Kate. When Helen arrived at the At the bus stop busstop, had been waiting fr five minutes ‘When Helen arived at the busstop, hadnt artved yer. 10.00; Joe arived 10.05: Helen arrived 10.10: the bus arrived and left 10.15: Kate arived 3. When bus hadalready gone, 4. When the bus arrived atthe bus stop, hhad been waiting for five minutes. arfived at the bus stop, the 3 Complete the text with the correct past simple or past perfect form of the verbs from the box. have decide host see perform get graduate Josh Temple Josh Temple was the host of Americas Toughest Jobs. The most useful experience he brought tothe show was seven yearsin construction and travelling, which he did after he o from the Univesity of California with a degree in history. Temple (2) totake acting classes after he) a theatre show in San Francisco in the late 1990s. He quickly became a company member of Bay Area Theatresports Before he became a TV programme host, Temple (4) co-starring roles on Will Grace and Curb Your Enthusiasm. Then, in 2003, he (5) his frst hosting job on Dude Room forthe Discovery Channel He started his ob on Ameticas Toughest Jobs ater making the The Clubhouse, ashow about golf which he (6) forthree years, Past habits 4 Rewrite the sentences using the tense or structure given. 1._Ahmet’a teacher now, but he was a construction worker before. (used to) fosaate the chocolate then she put the wrapper inthe bin (past perfect simple + afer) ‘When she was a young child, Sophie ate ketchup with every meal. (would) Mr Martin talked forhalfan hour then Hens tated to get bored. (past perfect continuous + after) Francine and Julian had no carat one time, (not use to) Grammar extension 5 Lookat the information about the contestants in another reality show called Top Jobs. Write about their job histories using the past perfect simple and continuous. Tom Job when he joined the show:2 years as investment banker Past jobs: garbage man, car salesman Job after the show: police officer When he joined the show, Tom had been working as an investment banker for tuo years, Before that, he had been a ‘garbage man ard a salesman. ae ‘he had taken part in the sh Bernard Job when he joined the show:1 year as a mechanic Past jobs: construction worker, machine operator Job after the show: monster truck driver Rick Job when he joined the show:5 years as computer programmer Past jobs: boxer Job after the show: owner of a computer software company Eleanor Job wien she joined the show: 3 years as an administrative assistant ast jobs: classroom a: Lily Job) when she joined the shov:4 years as a personal trainer Past jobs: waitress, shop assistant Job after the show: gym manager> Developing vocabulary Phrasal verbs connected with work 1 Match the comments (a-f) to the people (1-6). 2. Invent endings for these sentences using the phrasal verb David wants to get ahead. _¢ = Karl wants to keep ata task 1. The company’s range of kitchen tools is aut of date now, so, terval eae) 2 Attough tren lia TOT ing omen el deep ad 3 onteriedin arevnatan teacer —— a a the job, (not turn down) fo Teena ) 4: Me Scie, eod woke choo has eed and then start writing tu, ) and Laura Tyler_ (take over) 1 2 3. Frederick wants to work on a project 4 Eva wants to fillina form. 5 6 Jack wants to turn ajob down, Therese wants to take over from someone, i 5. Mydad owns abusinss which (setup) ((b Imnotqoing togohome unt M nae Tye finshed wring this report. Answer these questions. Se tm going to work realy hard so that!) 1. What was the last form that you filled in? cen progress quickyinthe company.) 2. What would make you turn down a job that you had been offered? (4. Falke to workin this shop, so when \. Ted leaves Mapplyfortisjoh Toapply, lve gotta putmy 3. What subject or skill do you most need to work on at school 2 details inthe boxes on thispage. ) Sayeliiéer 23 { f don't think this company is right forme. \_solimnot going to accept thei job offer, pS. Vocabulary extension: the world of work 4 Look at the picture. Write notes aout the following. 6 Read the tips about holding meetings. Write the correct ‘phrasal verb from 5 in each gap. 1 What could the people be discussing? 2 si How to (1) and run a meeting 2. What usually happens ata meeting? >@ an agenda which includes topioe fbr diseussion, timings and deta participant > che agenda to all articipania well before the meeting, > Start the meeting on time >w th ely as posable > Don’t let @ discuasion (8), side ‘wo long; there needs to be engugh tine for all the tonies on the agenda, Match the phrasal verbs with their meanings. Use your, @)__ ____ all the decisions made dictionary. at the meeting, drag on ~ make arrangements for nt someone 10 (%)_ stckto record sarecd at the mecting. draw up write down ina list, setup take toa much time cary out distribute to several people followup do something about send out complete vite down, stay with che meeting, review how effect1. Answer the questions, 1. Lock atthe pictures. What are the people doing? 2. What do you think reenspeak means? 3 Ifyou hada job, do you think you would speak diferently at work from when you are socialising? 2 Read the article. Who might say the following? Match the ‘opinions (ad) with the people (1~4). 1 Jean Gross 3. David Crystal 2. Tony McEnery 4 John Bald don't think academics understand the richness of teenagers language. they communicate well when they want to bb |amwortied about the way teenagers speak so lam working toimprove the vocabulary that they use Ihave studied the language of teenagers extensively and found some words used only by them. think teenagers choose to usea small vacabulary as form ofrebelion 3. Choose the correct answer according to the text 1. According to the fist paragraph, experts believe that teenagers eam too few words while they are growing up. bb usually use only part ofthe vocabulary that they know. ¢ carit communicate because of constant use of electronic equipment. 2. Jean Gross says that teenagers need to learn a tochat online and text less often tose richer language for texting and chatting © tochange the language they use indifferent situations. 3 David Crystal says that expertsjudgements about teenagers’ language are based on athe wrong principles. evidence from too few teenagers. © out-of-date research, 4 Read the opinionsin 2 again, 1 Which do you agree with most? Why? 2 Explain why you disagree with the other opinions. 14 Unit 2 Teenagers’ vocabulary fails for work. ‘A generation of teenagers who communicate via the Internet and by text messages ae rsking unemployment because their daly Vocabulary consists of ust 800 words experts have wemed. According to recent surveys, they know an average of 40/000 words, But they favour a teenspeak’ used in text messages, || social networking sites and Internet chat rooms. Communication| expert Jean Gross thinks that the lack of range will affect their Chances of getting a job. Miss Gross is planning @ nationwide ‘campaign to ensure children use their fll language potential. She ‘wants to make sure that teenagers do not fail In the classtoom and later in the workplace, because they are inarticulate. It will target schoolchildren and she Is asking celebrities to support her ‘campaign. “Teenagers are spending more time communicating through electronic media and text messaging, which Is short and brief she says. We need to help them understand the difference between their textspeak and the formal language they need to succeed in lfe -800 words will not get you a job! She plans to send children with video cameras into workplaces 10 observe the range of words used by professionals and share their findings with classmates. She also wants parents to limit the amount of TV that children watch, replacing it with conversation, Her concern was raised, she said, by research conducted by Tony WcEnery, a professor of linguistics, who examined 10 milion Words of transcribed speech and 100,000 words from teenagers’ blogs. He found that teens use their top 20 wordsin a third of their speech, and also discovered words likely to be unknown to adults, including ‘chenzed; which means tired, ’spong' sil), and "ol, the shorthand version of laugh out loud! John Bald, a language teaching consultant, sald the poor use. of language was a rebellious act. There is undoubtedly a culture among teenagers of deliberately stripping away language; he sai, ‘When kids are in social situations, the instinct ls to simply. It's part ofa wider ant-school culture that exists among some children, Which parents and schools need to address! But David Crystal, honorary professor of linguistics at Bangor University, argues that experts did not understand the complexities of teen language. The rel issue here is that people object to kids having a good vocabulary for hip-hop and not for polities he sa, |] ‘They have an articulate vocabulary forthe kind of things they want to talk about. Academics don't get anywhere near measuring that vocabulary?1 Gerunds and infinitives 2 41 Choose the correct alternative. Lilie lance a inhi gaa oC Mehmet (dt ga eth der when Reseda Van ‘member ba edt a ete eta ade Cos pened nse Ba ecg fa dan EE Isabel forgot to wear her cycle helmet. Isabel couldn't remember whether she had worn her helmet/ didn't remember to put her helmet on. Stefan stopped to take off his glasses and clean them. ‘Stefan stopped when he wanted to clean his glasses/he was. toking off his glasses. Fen es cooker on Wed btu BA ini Fay els on cei bec a gti cai 2. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs iven. 1 My Grandma her clothes inthe river when she was a ii (femember/wash) 2. Wegotto clothes ~ ry wardrobe is fll (stop/buy) 3. Noone a cake for Jane’ birthday sol made one forher.rememiber/buy) Alexander had 0 hisshoelace when he was out running. storie up) Trxie more than any other activity. (ike/windsu) Don't. me when you get back — | want to hearallabout your tip. (orget/ing) Andre twice a day. ike/eed) Nita says she wil never TWsar forget/meet) his parrots the Present habits 3 Answer the questions about present habits and write an, example. 11 Which tense do we use most often to talk about present habitsand routines? ii Example: 2. Which tense do we use with always, continually, foreveror, constantly to talk about present habits that are annoying or Unusual in some way? Example: 3. Which future form do we use to talk about present repeated cor habitual behaviour which we find annoying or unusual in some way? Example: 4 Complete the second sentence so that ithas a similar ‘meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. Use between two and five words. 1 My brother borrows my camera a lot. I's very annoying FOREVER My brother my camera 2. Atweekends, Darren usually meets up with his mates in town, WILL Most weekends, Darren his mates in town, 3 Harrys funny —he often sings when wet in class ‘ALWAYS Kary ___ when we're in class! 4 Simon has an annoying habit of texting when youte trying to speak to him, WiLL, simon. _when you're trying 10 speak to him — its such an annoying habit! Grammar extension 5. Find the mistakes and rewrite the sentences correctly. 1. Davina is constantly texts me about silly things. 2. Some birds are always bullding thelr nests in the same place each year. 3. On Saturdays, Katrine will oRen spend the whole day reading, Jane and Kely constantly are taking photos of each other 5 Qurdrama teacher does forever tel us that we can be stars if we want to be.» Developing speaking Stimulus-based discussions 1 Country: United States Average salaries ee | eb National salary $0 Data Attomey Lawyer 77, Registered nurse 09 | executive assistant 2) [)_ sto accomtant o_o | otic manager $02 | Administrative / Office Manager ‘5 as ‘Administrative Assistant 2 I’m a great believer in luck, and I find the harder Iwork, the more I have of it. Thomas Jefferson Top 10 Highest-Earning Athletes 2009-10. 8 Jap ete ea ae Suc Tiger Woods, Golf $105 milion. Floyd Mayweather, Boxing ~ $45 milion. Kobe Bryant, Basketball - $48 milion. Phil Mickteson, Golf - $46 milion. David Beckham, Soccer ~ $43.7 milion. Roger Federer, Tennis ~ $48 milion. LeBron Jemes, Basketball - $42.8 million Manny Pacquiao, Boxing ~ $42 milion. Eli Manning, Football - $39.9 million weeaVannwna ‘3,000 bank staff earned over £1 million last year, says Financial Services Authority iil 10 Terrell Suggs, Football - $38.3 million. 1. Find the following elements on this page: 3 What topic connects all the different elements? a quotation aheadline atable abarchart a photo 4 Give your opinions on the topics raised on this page. 2 Look at each piece of stimulus again. What is each one about? Use the phrases from the Speaking Bank on page 26 of the oo Student's Book.SMT} ‘An opinion essay 1. Read this statement, which is an essay title, Do you agree or disagree with it? Write your ideasin the form of short notes or a mind map here: ‘all young people should work for at least two years before they go to university.’ 2. Organise your ideas in notes inthis essay plan. 3. Write your essay using your plan. Paragraph 1: Introduction. General statement on the topic and ee your opinion Paragraph 3: One or two other reasons for your opinion or another person’ opinion and why you disagree with it Paragraph 4: Summary and conclusion. Re-state your opinion. ulGrammar 1. Choose the correct alternative. Dolphins (aways ivefare alnays ving) in socal groups. Gina and Kevin (get an/are getting on) their plane to Hong Kong as we speak. 10 lock think saw you. Sue is (alvay/otter) using my stuf | wish she would. “Tom (didnt starfwast starting) acting unt he was eighteen. She woke up and fet great: the birds (were singing/sang) end itwas a bright, sunny day. Ca: Write the present perfect simple or continuous form of the verb, 9) down Jarvis Street at about _ (walk) 20 kilometres today and now | wanta bath andan early night! Jed is fed up because he package to arrive for twa weeks now. é __ yOu (finish) your breckfast yet? We need to go. ‘My eyes are feeling really tired because | (look) ata computer screen all afternoon ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar ‘meaning to the fist sentence, using the word given. Do not. change the word given, Use between one and five words. _ (wat) for his 11 Fitst, Sharon went tothe library then she went to meet her fiend in the café, HAD ‘iter Sharon _ {fiend in the café. ___ the library, she met her Henny was the shortest boy in the lass but now he's the tallest. USED Henry now hes the talest. George studied the theory for three hours but stil didn't understand it BEEN ‘George didrvt understood the theory even ater he Ie for three hours, __the shortest boy in the class but John ad tea with his grandma every Monday unt she moved. WoULD Every Monday until she moved, John, with his grandma, Dina didn't feel well for about a month before her operation, BEEN Before her operation, Dina amonth, _.wellfor about ‘Yasmin didnt do much sport when she was younges. USE Yasmin___ much sport when she was younger Freddie didnt revise before the exam and then it seemed hard HAD ‘The exam seemed hard to Freddie because he before it. Gerunds and infinitives. Write the correct form ofthe verb. 1 Lonly enjoy hot Imusint forget this evening Sometimes, get nervous about _ {tal to people | don't know. Darey remembere she couldn't remember where, Doyoulke Irstoo tate tobed? Stop. __(wtte) now please, That's the end of theexam. (al) in the summer when it's (feed) my neighbour’ cat _ (meet) Graham but (G0}t0 the cinema? __{study) nov, Wty dont yougo Vocabulary 1 Write the correct word from the box. There is one extra word that you do not need. You can ive ina hall of atuniversity, The. _marks a university student's work. ‘When you study for your fst degree, you are an __at universities often include sports centres, restaurants and IT centres. An. ___._.[ba piece of work you do at university. You might need a student 10 pay your living costs while at university. A Isa division of an academic year. There ae usually not many students in a2 Complete the opposites. 1. workindoors wotk 2. doshife work wok from 3. bean employee bean eo 4. workpartstime wotk 5 unskilled work work Cpa 3. Complete the text with a suitable verb in each gap. Getting a job First, you have to (1) fora job in newspapers or online. if you see an advertisement for a job that you want, you ask for a form or send in your, cvtolay for it If this is successful, you are (3) a job and then you can decide wether you want to take it oF not 4 Write do or make. 1. How often do you dinner? 2. lust your best and you'l be fine. 3 Cant a suggestion? 4 ifyou a promise, you should keep it. 5 Canyou_ mea favour? Reading 5 Phrasal verbs. Write a word from each box in each gap. There ‘are two extra words in each box that you do not need, fil get keep set take tun work ahead at down in on over up 1 Youneed to this form before you see the doctor 2 [don't want to work at night so will _the job, 3. Thereis only one schoo! in our town but some parents are planning to ____anewoone. 4 Some students have worked all weekend so they can with their exam preparation. 5 My dad's firms going to another fim because its owner wants to retire 1. Read the text and complete the sentences below with between one and three words. Shop work for teenagers ‘The best way for you, a teenager, to find work in a retail store is to ‘dentify the type of store you'd like to work in and simply pay a visit ‘te the store and ask the manager whether he or she has any part= ‘time vacancies. If you have special interests or hobbies you oould ‘work ina store which matches your interest, ike a book shop, music ‘store, eyslo store or clothing store. OF course you could also look for ‘something near your house like a local supermauket or newsavents ‘You can find job edvertisomonts in your local nowspapor, but most teenagers get ther firs: job by just asking what's available ‘Most shop jobe wil be in sales and, although you'll be expected to have @ dacent saandard of education, all tls are computerised these days #9 you don't have to_be a genius at maths. Infact, neatly all store 1 Teenagers are advised to go and ask the manager of the store they want to work in whether there are any at their store 2. Amusicstore isan example of a store which might match your 3 According to the text, most store managers will want an| ‘employee to be educated, to have and confidence, 4 Aswellas wages, employees mayget________on. {goods in the store they workin, 5. You cannot workina shop in the UK until you are Cspot ‘managers will be more concerned that you ate pleasant other people, ‘you possess good communication sls and you're confident, You may. find shop work, in supermarkets for example, where you have to refill shelves, or other roles that don't involve dealing with customers, but the vest: majority of jbo in rota for veenagexs will bo in sales, wher ‘you're outon the shop for. Tn addition to receiving a wage, many companies also offer stait {discounts on items bought within their stores or other rewards, which | ‘can be a reel pus if you're able to find work in a store which is also ‘lated to your hobbies and interests ‘The legal age at which you can work in a stote in the UK is 14 but there aze lots of laws with regard to work and teenagers between the ‘ages of 19 and 18, so make sure you understand what'you can and ‘cannot do as well as having some knowledge about yout tights Writing 2 Read the writing task. Write notes on this topic, organising your ideas into different paragraphs. Then write an essay. ‘Schools and universities do not give young people enough helo, In choosing and getting jobs’ Whats your opinion?Grammar > Future forms.» future activities in the past, future continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous jocabulary » Space and space travel » Travelltiplioumey/vayage » Prefixes » Stimulus-based discussions 2 ing »Astoy 3 2. Answer the questions. you have forgotten, the wordsin1 3 Travel journey, trip or voyage? Write the most appropriate and 2 on page 32 of the Student’ Book will help you. word after each sentence. 1 What was Vostok 1? ae 1 Mew across the Atlantic fom London to Boston and then What was Sputnik 1? tookthe train across four states called? a 3 2. work ona yacht and | satled all the way around the world, It took three years! 2 3 Whatis the telescope in spac 4 What events happen at the Kennedy Space Centre? When does a space craft’ temperature rise dramatically? 3 Itookthe ferry across the Channel early yesterday morning and came back in the evening, 6 What was called Columbia?, 7 Whatare Nell Armstrong, Michael Collins and Buz Aldrin Bae 4 My aunts and uncles live in lots of different countries so viere famous fo always taking fights and: ting on trains 8 Whatdid Yur Gagarin do only once?,1. Before you read the text about the International Space Station, write notes about what you already know. 1. whatitisand where itis 2. howyou think it got into space 3. what you think will happen to it eventually 2. Read the text. Choose from sentences a-f the one that fits the ‘gap. There is one extra sentence wich you do nat need to use, The‘SS End-of-Life Disposel Plan’ was prepared by Michael Suffeini, NASAs manager forthe ISS program. Jones also says that NASA s well aware ofthe space statons weakest and strongest features after its long yeas in sevice. In February, NASA’ shuttle Endeavour delivered a new set of windows tothe I during the STS-130 shuttle mission. 15S willbe in operation unt at least 2020, but eventually itwill have tobe decommissioned without adding to the amount of space junk alteady in orbit around the Earth, For former shuttle astronaut and space station vistor Ton Jones, the end ofthe ISS i valuable opportunity In Novernber 2010, the second decade of human occupation ‘ofthe international Space Station (1S) station began, setting a record for being the longest continuousl-inhabited spacecraft ‘space tourists visiting the station ov (2) _ NASA planners are looking inkortow to bring down the pace station and drop it into remote ocean waters with the least damage to the environment. Meanwhile, other experts are arguing that piece ofthe station’s hardware should be recycted for other ties in space. (3) _ According to this document, NASA (the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the U.S. space agency) has had discussions with the European Space Agency and the Russian Space Program about a de-orbit craft for use to help drive the space station into its ultimate watery grave. (4) _ He is excited about the possibilty of re-using parts of the space station in future space missions, such as the plan to travel to an asteroid. He believes that the space station could be used as a‘knowledge stepping stone’ to lead us towards the goal of ‘exploring deep space. I krow NASA plans to send its explorers into deep space include power systems, living areas, life support systems, laboratories and so on. I think NASA is wise to look into how practical it might be to choose still valuable ISS components and either build them into a deep-space vehicle, or even move some of the station to a place where it becomes even more useful to future exploration efforts Jones said. (©) ‘After another 10 or more years, the station partners will have a very good ‘dea what parts have a lot mor life and Usefulness left, or could live on as part of a new vehicle Jones said. T think our station partners will do the smartest thing, which 4s to make the fullest use of the 18S in its present or future form! Look at 2 again, Underline the words in the text which helped you match the missing sentences. Find the following words in the texts and guess their meaning. Use your dictionary. space touts (paragraph 1) ‘modules (paragraph 1) de-otbtparagranh 3) a watery grave (paragraph 3) deep space (paragraph 4) stepping stone (aragraph 4) Consider the following arguments and write your opinion below. THA Is the International Space Station a waste of money? think thatthe ISS (is/is not) a waste of money. The main reason [think this is> Grammar in Future forms 1 Match the two parts ofthe rules about verb forms we use to talk about the future. We use the present simple after We use going ro for We use going to for ‘We use the present continuous for We use will for Decide whether each statement is an intention (1) ora prediction based on evidence (P), [My litle brother is growing so quickly. He going to be taller than me soon, PB Su-L has slowed down a lot. She’ never going to win the Jonathan says he is going to give up eating chocolate in the New Year ‘My headache has gone now som going to go out tonight afer al What are you going to doi you dont get into university? 3. Lookat the pictures and write what you think will happen next. — a ‘ {think the goalie will 4 Choose the correct alternative, 1. He is going to study maths when he is going/aces to University Dave playstis playing tennis at the leisure centre later. Jack should get some new trainers before he statis starting his athletics traning | meet/’m meeting Rich atthe Space Centre tomorrow. predictions based on evidence. predictions based on thoughts, opinions and expectations. plans and intentions. ‘confirmed plans and arrangements. ‘expressions of time such as when, before, as soon as, et, Future activities in the past 5 Tick (V) the sentences which talk about the future in the past. 1. went to bed early because | had an early start the next day 2. IFlcould change my body shape, | would be taller 3. The international Space Station was to close next year but its life has been extended. Dave was about to eat an apple when he saw a caterpillarin it Gilly saw a meteorite when she was looking through her telescope on Tuesday, 6 Complete the text with the words in the box. One word is, used twice. ‘about going was were would Sky show This week, despite the bitter cold, many of us have gone out into our gardens thinking we (1) were to see ‘amazing events in the sky above us. Astronomers had told us that we (2) But in my part of the country, it was too cloudy to see see a solar eclipse on Monday. the sun with or without an eclipse. On Tuesday, my plan was that I was (3) _to look for Venus, Uranus ‘and Jupiter, all of which are closer to us than usual Unfortunately, just as Iwas (4) ___ to go outside to search the sky for these planets, it began to snow, s0 once again we couldn't witness anything but the reality of life on earth, Yesterday, I ried again. The astronomers promised there (5) _____ to be a meteor shower and the weather forecasters promised that we (6) have clear skies, They were both right and don’t know which event was more exciting: having clear skies here or the spectacular meteor shower! Grammar extension 7 Write about the following, yyour plans for staying fit and healthy in the coming year ‘your predictions for world events in the coming year your predictions for music and fashion for the next decade ‘events or activities you have arranged for the year ahead1 Which words can have these prefixes? Some words may go in ‘two or more rows. Use your dictionary to check. able appeared booked calculate consider cosmonaut estimate graduate historic national paid pilot populated possible president operate regular stoppable understood write 1990 Choose eight of the words from the box in 1 and write definitions of them. Use your dictionary ifnecessary. Write a short exclamation in response to each of these statements using one of these adjectives with a prefix believable logical ftely possible responsible usual 1 Imaoing tobe President one day Thats unlit 2. My bother andarend went on hs bost without ifjackes. That wos ! 3. Look I've gottickets for me and you to go to see Rihanna in concert on Friday! 4 When | want to sleep well drink lots of coffee. 5 |want to learn to fy ike a bird 2 Answer the questions, 1. Which prefixes give a word a negative or opposite meaning? Wich prefix means‘? Which prefix means not enough? _ Which prefix means together? Which prefixis added to a verb to mean do again’? 6 Which prefix means ‘was, but is not now’? | 7 Which prefix isadded oa verb to mean‘do wrongly or badly’? 8 Which prefix means between or amongst? 9. Which prefix means’too much’? 10. Which prefix means'before”” Vocabulary extension: more words with prefixes 5 Write the word beside each definition and use itin an example sentence. 1 not necessary necessary 1 socousl and col faday that wearing sun cron eecessary.. 2 notpatient= 3. notcapable sea 4 not successful = 5 not possible = 6 dontagree=__Picture 3 2. Below are four short texts describing exhibitions about space. Which exhibition is from each picture? Picture 1 Picture 2 Picture 3 A The Man on the Moon This forthcoming exhibition looks into the history of human space travel since 1961. On display will be objects, photos, and audio/video recordings from human space journeys including a space suit that visitors willbe invited to try on, The exhibition includes computers (on which visitors wil be able to watch live: ions from space centres such as astronaut training sessions and spacecraft launches. Iwill open for three months from 1 June. B Spaceship Enterprises This exhibition, which opens next month, focuses on the amazing attay of spacecraft that have enabled us to explore our universe It includes @ space module used in an unmanned mission and a full- size model ofthe lunar research vehicle Lunokhod, Fromm 20-22 May there will bea vist from a European Space Agency astronaut who will give talks and answer visitors’ questions, € Space 2100 ‘This exhibition, which showcases photos, documents, spacecraft models and computer graphics from all the world’s space agencies, has had rave reviews from vistors young and old. It has three main strands the incredible missions that space agencies have planned but never actualy caried out; the missions that are planned for the next decade; and the missions that five space experts predict may be Undertaken before the year 2100. The exhibition closes on 31 May. D AView of Space \With the space-watching world now expecting fantastic things from the James Webb space telescope (JWST), this popular exhibition looks back at how space telescopes have evolved since their earliest days It also looks forward to what JWST will be able to achieve. ‘There is also a mind-blowing display of photos taken by the Hubble telescope of planets, stars, galaxies and the clusters in which they group themselves. n the’Gazer’s Room'visttors may try ou telescopes used by both amateur and professional stargazers. 24° Unit 3 Match the words and definitions. 1. transmissions. wide range 2. ait, 5 eae soul © a group of things that are close ae, fr stuck together 4 lunar d exhibits 5 showcases broadcasts Seas femme wlohe 7 mind-blowing informal word for astronomers 8 clusters fh without a human ini 9 stargazers i parts or elements ‘Match these sentences to the correct text or texts, Some have ‘more than one answer. 1. Visitors cannct yet see this exhibition. A, B 2. Itincludes exhibits which focus on the future of space exploration, 3. Visitors can meet someone who has been into space. 4 Aspacecraft has been put in this exhibition, 5 Itshows the huge renge of things that exist in space, 6 Visitors can handle/use some of the objects on display 7 There is some information about unsuccessful space projects inthis exhibition. 8 Visitors can view events at ate happening at the moment. Read the texts in 2 again. Which of these exhibitions would you most like to see? Give your reasons.Future continuous, future perfect simple and future perfect continuous 1. Match the verb forms with the tenses and their uses. eto torm Tense | Weuseittotalkabout.. how long an activity has : future wilravedone | ME | been in progessata particular future point future perfect | activities in progress at a aerecong continuous | particular point in the future have activities/states that wil be pavilhavebeen | future perfect | finished before a particular doing future perfect efore a pi point the future 3 Match the pictures to each pair of sentences 1-5, Then complete the sentences with the future continuous, perfect or perfect continuous. 1 Pictur: a In 10 years'time, she (start school) bin 10years'time, she _ (study lots of different school subjects) 2 Picture a In TO years'time, she (stil work in a shop) bin 10years'time, she (become a shop manager) 3. Picture: a In TOyears'time, she (manage 2 restaurant for about 2 years) bn 10 years'time, she (qualify asa chef) 4 Picture a. In 1Oyears'time, she. (win her first bg race) bin 10years'time, she (train for the next Olympics). 5 Picture: In 10 years'time, she_ b In 10years'time, she _ z {travel around the world for six months) (etre) 2. Read the sentences and choose the correct alternative. 1. Susannah will have arrived home by six o'clock [At 6 aock, Susannah will be aleady athome/golng into her. home. 2. Rich will be running in his frst marathon on March 234 next year. ich’ first marathon will be before March 23¢ during March 23% 3 Harry wil have been coaching our team for five years in May. In May, Harry will become the team coach for 5 years/complete Grammar extension 4 Answer the questions. Use full sentences, 1. What important exams will you have done by 20302 2. Doyouthink you will you have grown any taller by 2030? 3. Willyou stil be studying in 2030? 4 How well will you be speaking English in 20307 5. What new thing will you have learned to do by 2030? 6 Doyouthink you will have bought a house by 2030? 7 Which country will you be living in in 2030? 8 In what other ways do you think you and your ife will have changed by 20307LYM irene Stel alate] Stimulus-based discussions 2 Mars for life! By the mid-2030s, I believe we can send BB humans to oro ars and return them safely to Earth, And a landing on Mars wil follow. For our generation and many that will follow, Mars is the New World. Robert Zubrin, What topic connects all the different elements? 2 Lookat 1-5 in 1 again. Describe and explain each one. Use these phrases and others from the Speaking Bank on Page 40. Toexpress certainty: To express your interpretati He is saying that | think this one means It an artist’s impression of .. This/He seems to be saying that lassume trat this is 3 Lookat the pieces of stimulus again and answer the questions. 1. What do you think the person is feeling? think ths is areal headline? Why/Why not? 3. What advantage do politcal leaders gain ftom announcing lange space missions? 4 America was once the New World'to Europeans. What are the similarities between America as the New World and Mars as the New World? Would yo like to visit this place? Barack Obama, April 2010 Read mote information about the headline in 1. Make notes below to prepare to speak about the following, Use the expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 40 of the Student's Book, Do you think such missions are a good idea? Give your reasons Why co you think people have volunteered to go on such a mission? NASA is actively investigating the possibility of humans colonising other worlds in one-way missions, One-way missions bring planet colonisation within technological and financial possibility. ‘Mars is the most likely planet to have substantial quantities of water, Astronauts would be sent supplies from Earth ‘ut they would become self-sufficient as soon | 8 possible. Such a mission would require not only major international cooperation, but a return to the spirit of exploration and risk-taking ethos of Columbus and Amundsen.Desire meal Read this task. Write some ideas for your story. Now write your story using your notes. 1 You have decided to enter a short-story competition in an international magazine. The story mustend withthe following word David welked ou nto the aunch pad towards the spacecrat taking some lest deep breaths of Earths atmosphere He tured, waved atthe cow then climbed aboard. Hs ifetime’ dream wasabout to come true Ask yourself questions about the ending. For example: + Who is David? + Why she doing ths? + Where is he going? + Ishe going to retum? + Ishe happy about going? + When and where is this happening? + How did he get to ths point? \Write some ideas for the beginning and the middle of the story. Beginning: Short section, introducing settings and characters, snd an explosive’or life-changing incident which starts the action ofthe story, ‘Middle: The longest section, where characters respond to the incident and start trying to solve the problems that ithas created, End: High point ofthe stary where everything is resolved. Davie on launch pad, waving, dream coming trueGrammar > Waking comparisons Articles » So/sueh‘ton/encugh Vocabulary » Personality adjestives + Noun suffix Speaking » Presentations 1 Writing > Adescription VB rretedgel atela esl) Co wyareisteay Personality 11 Choose a word from the box that each person mustand must Match each adjective 1-6 with a word from the box to make a ‘not be to do their job. Use each word a least once. compound adjective, and then match t to the description of a person. assertive bossy determined insecure narowrninded meres patent polite quiet confident fisted going headed minded working reserved tactful tactless 1 broad-minded mustbe must NOT be 2 tight. sab 3 easy. ia BSG oe | pate ae 2a ateacher | 5 salt pilot 6 hard. ftelguide etl 2 Somepeople don ke Tery becuse he justin ove with diplomat _ Nina's very open and wil try to se everyone's point of = views 1 tan river € Simons always calm ~ Ive never seen him upset or anice-road trucker angry. |__| Jason never spends much on his gitfriend — she has to pay az00 keeper when they go out a Henry does about four hours revision everynight ater school f Kate never gets nervous about taking infront of lots of other ‘people or to people she doesn't know. Find another word that can go with the words below to make ‘compound adjectives. Use your dictionary. Add any other adjectives you know that are formed from two words. 4 Choose five of the adjectives from page 44 in the Student's Book to describe someone you like. Write a sentence ‘explaining why you chose the adjective. Person: My friend Jane 1_generous: She often gives me lovely presents = Person 1 2 3 4 5Look at the cartoon. Imagine this was your c think you would feel? Why? How do you proud? __ wortied? amused? something else? Why might the following happen to child geniuses when they grow up? Why? They find it hard to fit n socal They have problems finding ajob. ‘They stop doing the thing that they did so well when they ‘were children Jeremy Roberts At three he was so brainy that staff at his nursery asked him to help when their computer went wrong! Jeremy, from Watford, said: can remember one of the staff who was new looking for, ‘2 member of staff called Jeremy tohelp sort out a problem with their computer and then she realised it was me’He attended ‘ordinary state schools and became increasingly frustrated. used {0 get so bored because | was ahead of everyone! said Jeremy, But when he went to Jerusalem at 17 to study for an International Baccalaureate he was inspired and ended up with one of the best ‘marks possible. Now: hes studying Legal Studies ata study centre Jin Flotida'm happy with how my ifs turned out'says Jererry, ‘Adam Dent ‘At 14 Adam was studying chemistry at Oxford but a year later he left.He did an Open University degree while stacking shelves in a supermarket and then went back to Oxford and graduated with 2 frst class honours degree in chemistry in 2002. Adam, from Aylesbury, Bucks, now an IT consultant, sad, Being a child genius ‘sa double-edged sword, Itcan beas much a curse asa gift” Ganesh Sittampalam Ganesh Sittampalam graduated from Oxford University with a fist in maths when he was 16. On hearing about his degree, he said yelled Yippee!" quite proud. tm happy because I've done it, not because of my age. Id have felt the same f| was 20 By his 20s, he had a masters in computing and a doctorate in Intentional Programming, Now 30, he's an associate at Credit Suisse and lives in Oxford with his wife and son, Terence Judd He is known as one ofthis country’s greatest musical talents. Encouraged by his musician parents, Terence progressed with dazaling speed. At ten he won the National Junior Pianoforte Compettion and appeared with the London Philharmonic Orchestra two years later. At 18he won the British Liszt Piano Compettion. Sadly there are few recordings of pianist Terence Judd as he died at the young age of 22. The biennial Terence Judd Award Is now given to Britain’ best young pianist. Ruth Lawrence uth gota first in maths ftom Oxford when she was 13, Ruth moved to Israel in 1998, She now works atthe University of Jerusalem and is married with two children and says she is determined to allow them to'develop in a natural way’ ‘Look —His first word! Legal studies student in Florida Looks the quotation fom the tert, Wits in your avn words what you think each one means. Use your dictionary. 1. ‘lused to get so bored because | was ahead of everyone! He got fed up because everyone else was slower than hes. ee ‘Tm happy with how my life's turned out! ’Being a child genius is a double-edged sword. It can be as much a curse as. gift! ‘lyelled“Vippee!" Im quite proud. m happy because Ive done it, not because of my age. Ie have felt the same il was 20° ‘develop in a natural way Write notes about what you think. ‘What advantages and disadvantages do child geniuses have while growing up? Overall, do you think its ‘curse or agit’?Grammar in context 1 Which sructuresare used io expres the flowing? te an appropriate response using one ofthe expressions i the box. One of the expressions is not used. How are regular, one-syllable comparative adjectives formed? aectve t ert than Beterltethan seve Bet sf than son How adel ote lable uperanveaclectves ned? Ease seithan done The sone! the bet Tiss ging embed to worse! How are comparative adjectives of two or more sllbles sn would you like me to ix your computer? usually formed? When would you like me to fix our comput How are superative adjectives of two or more sylables usualy formed? Sorry you had to wait so long ~ I missed my bus and had to walk, How ate regular comparative adverbs formed? Dowe really need to wear helmets and a harness for climbing? How are regular superative adverbs formed? To which words do you add -er and -est to make comparative and superlative adverbs? Which words do not use more, the mast or er, -est forms to (Our walk sa disaster! Not only has it rained all day but now were lost! form comparative or superlative adverbs? Write the correct comparative or superlative (adjective or adverb) form of the word given. Gtaiuesnextenision 1. Child geniuses learn much more quickly than rnost 5 Write sentences using the prompts below. children. quick) Rupert basketball player in ou school (9200) Ofall the 20" century inventions, computers have changed ‘our world (dramatic) Jane goes jogging inthe summer than in the winter oter) Jarediode is bike___usualandhe crashed it. (careless) Peter finished. _..... he had expected to so he'll Deneesngieayr ‘World records at Rubik’s Cube championships The teacher said Steve needed to research the topic he had done. (wide) Nina plays te plano Jarvis does Yu Nakajima (Japan) 8:72 seconds ek Erik Akkersdijk (Netherlands) | 708 seconds The you stay, the = Zi dag wil behave. (calm, good) Feliks Zemdegs (Australia) | 6.77 seconds eal Saeco Write sentences 1, 4,5, 6,9 from 2 again using nota... as. eT cireone rer eeryer Othe halen lent learn as quickly as child geniuses Ya soled the cube more slowly than Erik. Jane. Yulslow: superlative adjective Jared Yawas the slowest contestant. Peter Felks/Enk/quick: comparative adverb Janis Felks/fast superlative adjective Yulsiow: superlative adverb Eri/Feliks/slow: comparative adjectivevocabulary ‘Noun suffixes 41 Complete the table with forms of the words in the first column, Nouns: things/ Ee- i subjects/ideas Nateat Deore) creator creative electrical creation political scientific (vets | Se Ve Se ae direct employ invent compete educate | pootess operate investigate perform 2 Choose five words from different columns of the table in 1 ‘and writea sentence with each one. ‘ty mu and dad tale about politics a 1 2 3 4 s 3 Which noun suffix can all the words in each of the following groups take? 1. great, lazy, polite, soft, weak. 2. journal, guitar, cycle, psychology 3. Improve, develop, enjoy, argue 4_ intelligent, diferent, independent, patient Write a sentence with one word from 1-4 in 3. 5. Complete the text with the correct form of the words given. ‘The Mozart effect, ‘Astudy in the 1990s by (1) __-Frances RESEARCH Rauscher, Gordon Shaw and Katherine Ky into brain (2) led to an increase in music DevELoP lessons or children. These (3) SCIENCE conducted research with a group of college students. They found that listening to a particular Mozart sonata for 10 minutes increased the students a in spatial-temporal tasks such as. PERFORM ‘map reading. Ths led to reports in the media that there was link between listening to music and (5)___ _ and thatleaming to playa INTELLIGENT musical instrument could make a (6) to DIFFER the size of your bain, ‘The’Mozart effect as it became popularly known, made the (7) that listening to Mozart SUGGEST ‘would make children perform better and parents needed no (8) __ toenrol their children ENCOURAGE in music classes, However, this led toa lot of. 9) about the impactofleaming and CONFUSE playing music on the human brain, and is an over (10) of the original research findings. SIMPLIFY Vocabulary extension: two more suffixes which form nouns “ship: often used in words which describe connections between people hood: often used in words to describe a stat, stage, condition ora ‘group of people who share something 6 Add ship or hood to form other nouns and write a definition. Check in your dictionary. chile hood = the stage in ifvehen you are acl reation = pegicaki. friend mother _ neighbour periner member e Noauwsune‘An intelligence quotient, or IQ, isa score froma test designed toassess intelligence. Here are some questions typically found in an IQ test. Can you answer them? Read the text. Match the headings to the paragraphs. 1. What are Mensa goals? paragraph 2. What tests can you take to join Mensa? paragraph _. 3. What kind of people join Mensa? paragraph _ 4 What is Mensa? paragraph Y) The High 10 Society Mensa International ‘A. Mensa is an organisation that was founded in England in 1946 by Roland kerr a barrister, and Dr. Lance Ware, a scientist and lawyer itis e non-poltical organisation for bright people of all races and religions, for which the only qualification for membership is a high IQ. The word ‘Mensa’ means ‘table’ in Latin. Mensa is a round-table society, where race, colour, creed, national origin, ‘age, poltcs, educational or social background are irelevant. The ‘society welcomes people from every walk of life whose IQ isin the ‘top 2% of the population. B Mensa has three stated purposes: to identify and advance human inteligence for the benefit of humanity; to encourage research in the nature, characteristics and uses of intelligence; and to promote stimulating intellectual and social opportunities for its members. There are Mensons for whom Mensa provides a sense of family, and others for whom itis a casual social activity. ‘There have been many marrages between Mensa members, Dut {or most, it's simply an opportunity to exercise their minds. What is the word coiled inside this circle? NG 0 E R R TS 2 Which of the following is least lke the others? Poem Novel Painting Statue Flower 3 Four years ago, Jane was wice as old as Sem. Four years on from now, Sam will be 9/, of Jane's ‘age. How oid is Jane now? 4 Continue the following number series with the graup of numbers below which best continues the series. 11,5 10,5 10,4 11.6 11039587796 € Today there are around 110,000 Mensans in 100 countries throughout the world. Mensans have ranged in age from 2 to more than 100, but most are between 20 and 60. In education ‘they range from preschoolers to people with multiple doctorates. ‘There are Mensens on welfere and Mensans who are milionaires. “The range of occupations is staggering. Mensa has professors and ‘ruck drivers, scientists and firefighters, musicians, police officers and glassblowers. There are famous Mensans and prize-winning ‘Mensans, but there are many whose names you wouldn't know. D Memberstip of Mensa is open to persons who have attained fa score within the upper 2% of the general population on an ‘apcoved inteligence test that has been properly administered ‘and supervised. However, the term IQ score’ can be confusing as there isa wide variety of tests each with different scales: the result ‘on one test of 132 can be the same as a score 148 on anather test and some tests don't use IQ scores at all. Mensa has set a ‘percentile as a boundary to avoid this confusion. Candidates for membership must achieve a score at or above the 98" percentile ‘ona standard inteligence test, that is, a score that is the same as ‘or greater than the score achieved by 98 per cent of the general population taking the test 32 ighted words in the text means the authorised or allowed percentage group set of beliefs _ ‘using Interest or excitement _ ‘amazing, unbelievable Uunimportant receiving financial help _ achieved 4 Complete the notes about Mensa. Founded in: (1) ‘Aims: (3) is (a 6). People join Mensa for: (6) Mensans: age: (7) nationalities: (8), professions: (9) by). 5 Whatabout you? How much do you think intelligence tests can tell us about a person's intelligence? What are the advantages and disadvantages of intelligence tests?elem meroL Noa Asticles 4 Complete the rules about using articles with a/an, the or ~ (no article) Use aan with the fist mention ofa singular, countable noun. with a thing/person thatis one of & number of things. Use _with someone/something that is unique. when things in general, in plural ar talked about with superative adjectives/adverbs with a specific person or thing that was mentioned altead) Read the joke and write a, the or ~ (no article). ‘So, such, too, enough There was (1) __ ttle boy called Billy who & wos often seen around the local newsagents. Some © other boys who regularly used (2)___ shop made fun cof him and called him names, telling him he was stupid. ‘They kept playing a trick on him, offering him money. He had to choose between a nickel (5 cents) and (3) __ dime (10 cents). Billy always took (4) __ nickel. Nickel coins are larger than (5) dime coins so (6) _____ bays were tricking him into taking the less valuable coin. = one day after silly had once again taken (2) __nickel, the newsagent decided to tak to him. He sai, ‘lly, you're beeing tricked. (8) ___ dimes are worth more than (9) nick's. Do you think (10) ___ nickels are worth ‘more because they're bigger?” Billy looked at (T1) _ newsagent and gave (12) broad smile. He laughed, ‘if took (13) __dime, they'd give up. so far V've saved $151" 3 Match the parts of the sentences. ry to do this from memory, then check on page 51 of the Student's Book. Weuse such to a We use soto b We use too to c We use enough to d We can use that after e Wercan use to-+ infinitive after Choose the correct alternative, Leanne had six sandwiches for lunch because she was so such hungry after her nun. I spent three hours revising but | dont think that was long toolenough ‘The snow was so/such deep that it covered the wall in ry ‘arden found the fim too scary to watch/watching, The show was so boring that/then | fel asleep in the second hal. Isa long time since I've read such/so a great book. too and enough, say something is suficient. such and so. intensify an adjective or adverb, intensify anun, say something is excessive, Grammar extension 5. Write sentences using the prompts given. 1 sofambitious Helen was so ambitious that she was a company director before she was 30, walk fest/enough such/goad mood to0/shaliow so/polte not too/far not widefenoughPresentations 1 1. Lookat this presentation topic and decide how much you agree or disagree with the topic. Make notes to explain your ideas. All children can be geniuses if their parents give them the right opportunities. Do you agree with any part of the statement? Your conclusion about the statement: ing a presentation on the topic in 1. Read again the advice given in Exam Success and use the expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 52 of the Student's Book. Review your performance. 1._Did you find making the presentation easy? Why/Why not? 2. Were there any things youd lke to do better? IFso, what? How can you improve these aspects of your performance? 3 Doyouneed any help with anything you don't understand or find difficult? Ifso, what, and where can you get help? 4 Prepare a presentation in the same way as in 1-3 on this top Children who have a very high IQ need special education at schools that are specifically designed for people like them.eveloping writing Adescription 4 Write notes about the people in the photos. 1 What are they doing? 2. How do you think they ae feeling? 3) What kind of chara tefs are they? 4 What doyou think connects them? 2 Look at Picture 1 and read the newspaper article below about the boy. Painting genius Kieron Williamson, aged 8, has secured world ssiedia attention after his latest exhibition fetched £150,000 in ‘ender 30 minutes. Kieron and his family, from Holt in north Norfolk, have featured on international news ‘channels and ‘cross the UK's TV shows and newspapers, Hlow did it feel to be so successful? ‘Very nice, Kieron replies politely. Did you talk to any of the buyers? ‘Yes, they kept asking ime what else I do’ And what did you tell them? “That I go to school, that I play football for my school, and that am the best defender on the team: ‘The worldwide interest over Kieron is something that has changed the Williamson family forever. But Keith and Michelle (his mum) are working hard to ensure the pressures donot mount ‘upon such a small boy, who simply treats art as ‘his best friend’ CChild prodigies are more common in music and drama than in fine art, but either way the transition to adulthood can be a tough one. And accomplished as Kieron's paintings are, part of their appeal is undoubtedly the story of precocious talent that ‘goes with them, If he is still doing similar work when he's 25, it ‘may prompt a different reaction. 3 Write about Kieron for the task below. Make notes first. White a description of someone who has an unusual life. It can be a famous person or someone in your life, for example a fiend or relative. Explain why you thinkit isan unusual life Notes Paragraph I: brie, basic. information about: Kieron Paragraph 23 more what he locks like, t4ype. oF person he interest \obbIes and 2 unusual and not Paragrach 8: iat make iGrammar 1 Future forms. Choose a, b orc. 1 We.___aparty onthe last day ofterm. a aregoingtohave —b willhavehad —¢ have hope that when tin twenty five |___asa vet. a amgoingtowork —_b willbe working © amworking ‘As soon as |... fom university, | wil buy a house. a willgraduate —b will have been graduating € graduate Most scientists think that global warming until we change the way we live, a willhavecontinued —b willcontinue —¢ continues By the time the space probe retums to Earth, it___milions of kilometres. 2 will have travelled will travel I cant see you torrorrow because |__in concert. a willplay Bplay ¢ amplaying When | get tothe halfway point |___for about twohours. 2 willhavebeen tunning willbe sunning will un Future in the past. Choose the correct alternative. b is going totravel From a young age, Tom's parents thought he would be/+as to. ‘bea musical genius when he was older. Grant was going fa/voutd get mariedin June but he changed his plans James wasrit about todwasit going to stay tothe end of the concert so he sat atthe back ‘When Stephanie wias about ta/iwas to pay for her things, she realised she didn't have her purse! ‘Making comparisons. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs. 1. They reall awful photos of Sally and this one fs the (bad) Mis Taylor because, of al the teachers, she explains things __——-(Cear. Lions do not run. (Gast)as cheetahs Bill Gates is one of the businessmen in the world. How can we measure the results ofthe experiment (accurate) than we did last time? Do you think dolphins are. (inteligent) than whales? (successful) __- far) you walk each day, the fiter you ‘Complete the sentences with so, such to0 or enough. Ihad ‘rough trip across the channel that never want to go in a boat again! My grandma is_ __-narton-minded to understand anything about me. Imnotassetive. __tobea manager. Jule should win the prize because she works, hard, Write 0, ~ (no article) or the. 1. Idontt know why __ elephants have trunks, do you? 2. Myuncle's jus started workingas____ trucker. 3. Imgoingto buy ___jacket| told you about Vocabulary ‘1 Match the definitions (1-8) with the words (a-j extra words. 1 are-usable spacecraft for people or astronaut ‘goods 2 the mixture of gases that surrounds ee something. eg the earth voyage ‘long journey, especialy by ea or ‘through space someone who studies space telescope a piece of equipment that makes distant objects appear nearer and larger ‘tip someone who is trained to travel in space a communications device that orbits the earth astronomer to send an object into the air or into space launch space shuttle man-made satellite atmosphere ‘Complete the sentences with the correct word using a prefix and the word given. 1 Themain_ ___ (advantage) of being a student ishaving very litle money. Itishighly___ (kel thata hurman will reach Mars before 2020. this __.. responsible) to ride a bike without lights at night. Our team has had an incredibly (successful) season, losing all uttwo matches. If your answers are _____ {complete}, youwill lose marks."3 Write the word from the box that is the opposite of the Complete the text. Use the words in capitals to form a noun following words. There is one extra word in the box. that fits in the gap. \What kind of job would suit your personality? ambitious broad-minded gifted immature Tide augog Tact eet Hfyouwant tobea(t) you PERFORM need to be a creative sort of person, and have 1. generous plentyof(2)_ soyouwil feel CONFIDENT 2 reserved : comfortable in front ofan audience. Ifyou want to 3 narrow-minded = beats) _~ you need a logical SCIENCE 4 big-headed mind and you need to enjoy working on smal, 5 mature 5 detailed tasks. Whatever you decide you want to do, 6 tactless itisimportanttoget agood(4)_________ EDUCATE 7 unexceptional and todo something that you think wil bring you ee __in your working if HAPPY Reading ‘1 Read the text, Whatis it about? Clever creatures! previously believed that the noises saw a leopard, for example, they gave] were just simple signals of teriioy a “krack’ alarm cal, but when they} || | arimels have greater intligence than 5 stress or a dasite to mate. What were jst repeating cals made by other has been previously acknowledged, Zuberbihler’s findings suggested wes 50 monkeys they added an ‘oo’. The males) with scientists seeing evidence of something much more exciting: the developed their calls in otter ways 5 human-kechavacteristicsevenwwnere moneys. were communicatng with too, aking a boom boom’ scund to lt was the sight of a tiny Diana each other, in this case passing cn call other monkeys towards them, but| monkey attacking @ giant crowned 39 complex information about @ specific sometimes adding an ‘000’ sound to| eagle in the treetops ofthe Tai forest in threat and its whereabouts. in other 55. wam of fang branch or tee. NNory Coast that gove Kus Zuberbuhler words, they had developed a base “we found they have six call ypes, 10 his great insight into the language of language. three of which can take a suffix. It ‘monkeys. As the animalcharged the bird Over the following months means they can put the sounds into ‘tscreamedin away that Zuberbinlet,@ 35 2uberbunler and his colleagues sequences that convey complex Psychologst at St Andrews University, “" recorded thousands more monkey calls 69. meanings Zuberbihler said knew he hed heard before ‘when we and spent hundreds of ours listening Pemags most exciting of all was 15 analyser our recorcings we realised t to the animals Sionty they learned the the discovery thatthe cals cauld be wes different to all the other monkey 4p language of the apes understood by other species of monkey, alarm cals except for when they were ‘They found that the Campbel's 65 other jungle animals — and even by! fighting off eagies,’ said Zuberbuhier, monkey, another species, has the ability birds such as the harnbill. tt means, said) 20 This was an important discovery. _to-add sufxes to its calls, crangng the _Zuberbhe, that animals and birds can Jungles are a mad concert of monkey 45 meaning to tell one another of different communicate complex ideas across shouts and screams. Researchers had” tiveats or opportunities When they species, 2 What do the following words mean in the text? Choose a, bor ¢. Writing 1 insight (ine 10) abllity to understand —_b_ sympathetic personality 3 Read the writing task self-awareness You have decided to write a story fora competition in an 2. analysed (line 15) international students’ magazine. The story should start 2 examined the psychology of |b divided up vith the following words ¢ studied carefully Steve knew that tomorrow’ journey was going to be difficult. 3 tertory (ine 24) He se his alarm clock and checked his bags one este 2 fieldofknowledge area belonging to country Everyting was ready € ateaan animal considers its own 4 suffixes (line 44) Before writing, plan your story. a some letters added to a word Character) asound added toa call Setting ¢ athought added toan explanation Beginning 5 hombill ine 65) Middle: a aspecies fjungle animal —_b aspecies of bird Eu geen C=ia hee Is) Money talks aa eee : Buying and selling 1. Read the clues and complete the crossword. ‘Across 5 @ 4 payment for services from the bank 5. money you get back if you give a seller too much 6 an event ina shoo when prices are discounted 9. payment you make for borrowing money 5 11. amount of money taken out ofan account | 12. money you owe - 5 Down 1. acheap purchase | 2 apiece of paper you get when youbuy something | o 3. savingsor curent 7 to put money in your bankaccount 8 0 money given back wen youretum something payment fora service i iw 7 2. Inwhich order might these things happen? Number them 4 Dothe quiz Time yoursel. Can you answer all the questions in in order. three minutes? You receivea bilfor £210. 1. Whatdo peopl usually cary cash in? . You pay the money back with interest. 2 1s 10% ciscount better than a 20% discount? _ J You open a current account. 1 3 Where can you go to witheraw money from your account You go overdrawn, ‘when the banks are shut? 4 You arrange an overdraft with the bank 4 Why is bette to put your money ina current account than You pay the bil, __ keep itat home? oS - You cre the account with £200, 5 Who paysintereston the money ina savings account - the You withdraw £210. customer or the bank? 6 What four things are usuelly written on a shop receipt? 3 Think about the last time you paid for something in a shop, Write a description of exactly what you did when you came to, ne PAT ise Wess ads 7 Why do shops hae sales? 8 Ifyou buya chocolate bar for £1.50.and you give the shop change paywithcash/a card receipt assitanta £5 note, how much change wl you get? Itook the that | had chosen to the cashier to py.eri) Match the words and definitions. 1 micro- a money thata business makes 2 enterprise bb money used to run a business 3 entrepreneur ¢ extremely small 4 profit d_ business project 5 finance @ money that someone borrows from a bank or 6 insurance other institution 7 Ioan f someone who uses money to start a business 9 money paid to a company which then pay you if your property is damaged Microfinance The majority of the worlds population is poor living on $2-3 US per 3. Over 500 milion ofthese people are involved in busines. They ‘self-employed or work in microenterptises, small businesses sthich employ up to five people, Microentrepreneurs make a wide ‘ange of goods such as pots, pans and furniture in small workshops, cx they takepart in smal trading activites such as selling food or ‘epating crs, Yt they te often unable ro develop their businesses because they do not have access to financial services such as loans safe place to keep savings, such asa bank account, Over 80% ofallhouseholds in developing countries dont have access 10 king services Microfinance sa growing industry providing financial services, Until recently focused on providing microcredit (small loans of about $50-50) for microenterprises. Now, however, itis recognised that poor people need avarety of financial services, not just credit Microfinance organisations have therefore started to provide a wider range of financial services including savings accounts and surance to law ncome enterprises and households. Most microfinance initiatives were started by not-for-profit 'non- governmental organisations (NGOs), These often developed into formal miciofnance institutions (MFIs) which ae regulated by the elevant rational banking or microfinance authorities An increasing ‘numberof local MF's have become for-profit organisations For-profit Mls may be non-bank financial institutions such as companies which are setup toffer creditor loans ony specialist Find examples in the text of the following terms. 1 microentrepreneuss (paragraph 1: makers of furniture, pots and pans. 2 microenterprises (paragraph 1 3> financial services (paragraph 2 4: social services paragroph 3): 5 diversified activities (oaragraph 5}: Answer the questions. 1. Why do microentrepreneurs often fall to expand their businesses? (paragraph 1) 4 2. What change have microfinance organisations recently made to ther services? (paragraph 2 3 What change have MFls recently made to thelr services? (paragraph 3) 4° Why's Kamala not seling her mats now? (paragraph 5) What kind of help do you think she might need to run her business? ‘commercial microfinance banks, or microfinance departments cof arger commercial banks. In addition to insurance and money transfer services, some MFls have also begun providing soci services such as basic healthcare and education fortheir customers, and their families, (One of the most important advantages of credits that it enables the poor to expand thelr sources of income. Most poor households are involved ina variety of activities, depending ‘on the season, prices, their health and other factors. This may include growing their own food, working for others, running small businesses and accessing loans Kamala Raniis an excellent example ofthis. She has taken loans three times, She invested her frst small loan in her husband bamboo business, Kamala also works making bamboo mats. She Used her second loan to make large container for storing crops ‘and other products which she sells from home to wholesalers and villagers. Next she borrowed another 4,000 taka, the local currency, ta buy cow. She can repay her loan from her profs from selling milk and from her investment.in her husband's business. She stil ‘makes bamboo products, which she will el at the end of the year, vwhen the price of the mats goes up. She can take advantage of this, increase inthe price ofthe mats because she has other sources of income to make her weekly loan instalment payments, Like other low-income clients, Kamala Rants diversified activities enable her to maximise retumns from investment. Read about the woman in the photo, Would you give money ‘toa microfinance organisation so that she could have a loan? Why/Why not? How much would you give? Write your reasons in the space below. Constance Brown Constance is 43 and has four children, She has heen trading in goods for many years and now sells fruit and vegetables. She would lke a loan to help her widen the range of products she sells to include items such as cooking gas. This would also help her with household expenses, such as food and education,Modal verbs of obligation, prohibition and advice — present 1 Choose the correct alternative. ‘They dontt accept cards orcheques in that shop: you aught to/have to pay with cash |When you have a job, you must/should open a current account. ‘Gemma and her brothers take Itin turns to cookand Gemma ought tovhas to cook on Mondays Freddie's parents say he deesnithave/isnt alowed to go out this week because he was rally late home on Saturday night Cathy works as a waltess on Saturdays and she has fo/should wear a black jacket and skirt. Ifyou haven't aranged an overcraft with your bank, you 1 bette nor/mustattspend more than you have in your account. When someone takes a photo of you, you shouldnt/needat close your eyes. |fyou travel within your own country, you don't have ta/mustntt carry your passport. Modal verbs of obligation, prohibition and advice — past 2 Complete the first column of the table with the present 3 Complete the second sentence so that It has a similar meaning to the ‘modal verbs in the box. Then give the past form in the first, using the verb given. second column. Some forms are used more than once. 1 Ivan tried to open a bank account but couldn't because he didnt take! notbeallowedto can't havete need to his passport. (hould) neednit nothaveto notneed to ought to wan should have taken his passport. Sughthigt to Should *shoukFnor: ‘Mia felt sick because she ate four cakes and an ice cream. (should not | Mla asasianitos 2 _four cakes and an ice crea ‘The wind was 0 strong that the ferry didrit goto the island for three express obligation and days. (could not) Necessity in the past The ferry __so wind say that something "Tm sorry the swimming pool is full - you can't go inthe woman said teppenes but Wes to Ben. (not allowed) not necessary Ben 5 es because It was full The cows escaped from the field because the walkers didi close the gate. (ought to) tise a past action or say Shewalkes, thatit was.a mistake say something didn’t happen 5 because it was not necessary “Thanks for handing in your homework today, Jake! say something was It5a day early! (not need to) prohibited or not possible Jake | Sharon had a bad morning before schoo) yesterday, Everything went wrong, is ofa, she forgot to set her alam cleckso she woke up late. Then she rushed into the kitchen tomake some breakfast She put an eggin a saucepan and it started to cook. Then she ee rrr sceltng ny ho scaetod recapture Sete out ; it away and just had some coffee and toast. Then she went to get her coat. She putit vd relised that it as stl wet fom the dy before. She looked at her watch, Oh onan ‘Sharan ought te have eet her alam cede | had stopped needed ane batty, She looked at the titchen ck and sv that she had to leave in five minutes. So she switched onthe TV and there was a funny | programme on. She watched it and then she was late for the bus She walked as quickly asshe could but she couldn't run because she was wearing high-heeled shoes. She imissed the bus. Grammar extension 4. Read the text and then say what SharonAYN mutes» Phrasal verbs connected with money and shopping "J Match each sentence (1-6) with the sentence which means the same (a-h). 4 Complete the text by writing a verb in each gap. ‘There are two extra sentences in a-h that you do not need to use. 1. impending less money than usual. Imm spending lots of money on these things. Imm keeping my money until have enough to buy something | want. Het my sister have my old CDs and she cit pay me any money for them bought these things onthe way home. I gave Jane the money that | bortowed last week | picked up a few things | gave away some things. im saving up. I paid back some money. I couldn't get them because the shop had sold out. tim cutting back on my spending, I bought some things which came to £2.50. tim splashing out ye seance 2 Choose the correct answers. 1._Janice hasnt got enough money in her account to buy a printer. What should she do? a save up splash out 2. Sandi spends lot more money than she eams. What had she better do? a payltback b cutback 3 Simon wants to buy three things n a shop but he only has alittle money, What does he need to know? ‘a how much the three things come to b how many things to give away fiends. So fm having to (2) ___back on all my spending. However, last week | heard that there ‘At the moment, m tying to (1) up some money to go on a camping holiday with my 4 Antonio needs some new socks, What must he do? a give them away b pick some up ‘was going to be a sale in a clothes shop that | love. 5 George needrit have rushed to the camera sae inthe photography sto. —_‘dontoften (3) out on clothes fom Why not? there because’ nota cheap shop. Anyway just had a They'd cutback bb TheyG alteady sold out to goto the sale. There were massive discounts and 6 Paul borrowed some money from his dad but now his dad says he can keep ‘they were (4). away free scarves with i. What needa’ Paul do? wey a SY SNE Up MSO, Bepeneopnay back | got there an hour after the sale had started but they 3 Now write sentences in answer to the questions in2 had neary(S)______outofthe eans tat! wanted, Lucky, they stil had one pairin my sze 50 1 Janice should save up te bug a printer, | bought them. | also (6) upa lovely T-shirt in the sale. Unfortunately, spent most of my holiday money. | thought very quickly and asked the owner fora Saturday jb in her shop ... and she said yes! auasun abuulary extension: more phrasal verbs connected to money "5 Lookat the phrasal verbs in ialicin sentences 1-7 and match them to their definitions a-g. Ifyou buy online, ts quickan easy to shop around on lots of diferent sites That shop ripoed you off. only paid half the price forthe some book. ‘My mur says you should put some money away every month rather than Spending ital. Many students run up large debts when they ae at university. Iwill takemme many years to pay off my student debts, Both my parents have good jobs so we never have to go without ‘My brother doesnit earn much. He has enough to get by but he cant buy any luxuries. save money forthe future not have something you need ‘reat someone unfairly over money add money to be paid as a debt or ona bil finish paying backa debt completely Just manage to survive look around for the best buy Nawawne1._Answerthe questions, using your dictionary where necessary. Read the text. Match questions 1~7 to Jessicas answers A-G. 1 What are: pentagon, a hexagon, aheptagon, an octagon, a | 1 Isyour career well paid? 18 decagon? | ee ae 2 Howare you saving for your old age? | 3. What has been your worst buy? | 2. What do you think ‘heptathlon athletics event is? What about a 4. How did your childhood experiences influence your ‘decathlon’? attitude to money? 5 Has there ever been a time in your life when youve - ors had little money? 3. What other athletics events do you know in English? NAR a eso a aace 7 What has been your best buy? money to lve? Oe eae ee eo ‘4 Which ofthe highlighted words and phrases in the text mean the fllowing? 2 Read the text of answers given in an interview and find two of the 1 smal pieces of paper or card attached to something phrasal verbs from page 41 of this Workbook. 2 money paid by companies to people or events in retumn for advertising 3 havea ange of chokes. diving yourself something for pleasure 5 wasin debt Jessica Ennis is a world and European heptathlon champion AL When 1 was growing up we never went ‘without, but it was a bit of a struggle for my parents sometimes, as they never had loads of ‘money So I suppose it's made me spend money more wisely and be responsible with it now that Tm an adult 5 Choose the correct alternative a, b, cor 1 _Jessica says that her parents usually had plenty of money. b_hadenough to get by. ¢_ were very clever with money. were often in debt B There was one year it was really bad. Lwas at university ancl obviously training as well. I ci have a part-time job, Dut because of training and competing I had to stop my job for a while ‘80 I could concentrate on taining and my studies. So I had no money at all [remember Thad to borrow money fom my parents to get everyene CCaristmas presents, but then wel Joads of money — which is not good. People dicin't get very good presents that Christmas! 1 think its important when you work hard for your money that you should exjy it, but sensibly So 1 enjoy trating. saysalf along with my friends and family, but also think its important t save your money and ‘manage it sensibly. D 1 would have to say Mila, my chocolate Labrador We got her when ‘sho was a puppy. wasn't sure whether to get her or notand I suppose she is rather expensive to keep, but she is gorgeous, and Ilove having her. E ve got lots of annoying things I've bought but never used, like items ofclothing that I thought Ioved but have never worn, so they hang in the ‘wardrobe with the tags stil on them, 2. One year at university was ‘teally bad for Jessica because she couldnt afford to a g010.as many competitions as she needed to, b_ buy things for her friends and famly. payback some money she had borrowed. ive up her job to focus on taining, 3 In paragraph C, Jessica says that you should spend most of your money on the people closest ‘you. get an advisor to manage your money. spend some of your money and save some oft ‘work hard so you always have enough money to spend ane F dont spend everything I earn. I put it away. Saving for retrementis fg important At the momont I'm putting my money in property. That said, 1 mow you shouldn't put al your eggs in one basket, sol am keen to keep y.options.open. G [think that it’s often a struggle as youre coming up the system in athletics, When you're at school and trying to train it's hard to do a job | 7 Whatabout you? Are you a saver ora spender? Explain as well, so it can be quite dificut fnancially Its very different from your answer, explaining how you save money or spend. other professional sports where you get paid a wage as well. But when money when you have it. you roach a certain level you can earn a decent amount of money in sponsorship in prize money andl that Kind of thing. What has been your worst buy ever? And your best?ammar in context I verbs of speculation and deduction — present and future Complete the chart with the words in the box. 4 Complete the table with the correct past modal forms. Then ‘match each past form to its function 1~8. ant could may might must Use this form when theres: 1 9010036 certainty that something was true. 2. 5086 certainty that something was rue ——> 3-509 certainty that something wasnt tue 90-1008 4 90-10% certainty that something was not true : present modal | past modal | Use this form when theres. must ib Complete the sentences with could, can't or must, et could 1. Thatfood has got meat int It be for vegetarians 2 Idon't know where Peter is, He bein the kitchen or | couldnit/can't he_ be in his bedroom, Fics 3 Ive lost my mobile It beat home because | used may not it onthe bus on my way to school 4 Greta didn't come to football practice today. She might | fe eecause she woul is Reshervse ago 5. timnot sure which teacher weve go tis morning. be Mr MatksfheS not teaching the otherciass. -—«5_Lookat the photo, What could 6 Thematch finish soon: they've aleady played an have caused this? Complete the sentences with must/could! might/may/cant + have been and explain your answer. extra 10 minutes. Complete the sentences with might not or can't. H __—_come to the concert ~ it depends ‘on what time my basketball match finishes. Jim definitely be in the race ie > made byan anita running because he's twisted his ankle, Beortinctedeecaes ‘ My mum is going out with her friends tonight ie made by someone in Parliescit uc Aisa ‘an aeroplane because We've only gota few minutes before the train fe made by an leaves, but we run, we miss i ighese MeTaylor ___be the new School Director ~ ‘: he's too young! tractor because This tee be an oak tree because its leaves are the wrong shape. jar extension “Answer each question with a short paragraph using may/might/couldh‘t + have been. Who made the white horse? 3. What kind of animal made this footprint?Developing speak Talking about photos Expressing and asking for opinions 11 Read the speaking task. What are the two parts of the task? 3. Complete the dialogue with the phrases a-h. There are two Compare the photographs and say what you think about fe replaves You Se 0scliee machines providing customer services instead of people, ‘SYLMIE: I'm considering opening a new current account, but | Fist part ofthe task dorit know which bank to choose. Which bank are yo Second part ofthe task: with? Look at the photos. Write the similarities and differences Se between the two photos using expressions from the Speaking a Bank on page 66 of the Student's Book. (2)_that they’ OK They gave me some great ‘youches to spend in shops when | opened the account! Svumte: (3)_ getting an overdraft and things like that? CuauD: (4) _ifother banks do better rates, but WRF Cental are always very helpful about aranaing overdrats SvuMie: That's good, CLAUD: (5) _ they were the only banknot to increase their interest rates this month. | was pleased about that! (6)__me, you should go down to your nearest branch and speak to them. What about In my view Personally! think What do you think of them? Ifyouask Don't you think so? don't know Dortt forget that Write statements that you might say ina discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of machines providing customer services instead of people. Use the Speaking Bank of useful expressions to express opinions on page 156 of the Student's Book. Inmy view, machines are much more efficient than people. Both photos show peepleat | The peoplein Picture lave a nar an inside the bank, in Picture 2 they're outsideeye Recaiat) formal letter Read the situation below. What is the problem? You can add your own ideas. were in London last week and you bought an item of clothin "9 "shop in Onford Street You Reve returnedtoyourhomeand | ‘ow find the item has a hole nit You have not worn the item ‘yet You did not notice this in the shop. You cannot go ‘back to the shop because you live too far away. You are returning the item ina ssackage with a note Rearrange the following parts of a letter of complaint in the right order. 2 Explain what solution you requir: paragraph _ Describe what you bought, where and when, how much you paid, whether you tied t on, how you did't notice the hole. Give as many detals as possible (you can add your own ideas here}: paragraph Describe what happened when you returned home and discovered the hole in your item of dthing (you can add your own ideas here): paragraph d_ Sxplain why you are wnting: paragraph Can you remember the advice given in the Writing Bank on Bist paegraph suc above, wit ots foreach page 67 ofthe Student's Book? Complete the tips. paragrapt Peregraph 1: Explain why you are writing Fora formal letter, startwith Dear ifyou don't know the name of the person who will receive it. Teshirt/jacketGjeans/scarf Dont use many. or or as Use words which are more End the letter with Yours _fyou don't know the name of the person who will receive it 5. Now write your letter of complaint.6 Healthy habits aeee tee Parts of the body 1 Label the diagram with parts of the body. 2. Complete the table with the words in the box. addiction alleigy break checkup dislocate feel dizzy frecture havea temperature heart disease ‘infection Injection medicine obesity operation prescription shiver sprain take someone's blood pressure fotecereenrtes wht [forms of | injuriestoarms | otherhealth treatment — and legs problems: fake someone's | break Infection temperature | pyGrammar + Conditionals» Unfess/in case/as tong ast ‘provided (that) » I wish only focabulary +The body > Health » Idioms connected with health Speaking.» Negotiating and collaborating 3 Place the events In the correct order. made an appointment with my doctor. |soon got over my tiness ‘One morning, | woke up feeling awful The doctor gave me a prescription. |took the medicine every day for a week ‘The doctor took my temperature and my blood pressure and asked me some questions, | went tothe chemist’ to get my medicine, ‘Answer the questions about health and treatment, Use dictionary ifnecessary. 1. What does a doctor usually do ata health check-up? \What can a doctor give you to prevent some ilinesses? What are the symptoms ofa throat infection? How can you injure an ankle or other joint ifyou fall badly? How long does it usually take you to get over a cold? ‘Where do doctors usually perform operations? How do you think you could avoid the following health problems? 1 abioken leg You could avoid doing dangerous sports heart disease anallergic reaction to pollen (hay fever) being obese getting a cold or fs high blood pressureEerie] Before reading the text, answer the questions. 1. How many hours do you usually sleep at night? 2. Doyouthink you get enough sleep? 3 How do you feel you dontt get enough sleep at night? "2 Read the text and find the bad effects ofa lack of sleep for each age group. How much sleep do we need? Research can't say exectly how much sleep we need, but experts acree that we need diferent amounts at cifferent tes The following descrition of family shows the typical ‘fects when different age groups do not get enough sleep. 7 3. Find the meanings of the underlined words from the text in your ‘The teenage daughter vel in the evenings, cating dictionary. Wit the words in the corect gap. wither fal during dinner talking on the phone with ‘fends, playing an her computer and watching TV, When it's 1 How and when you grow is controlled by chemicals in your body fime to go to bed, she doesn't fee ted. But when her alarm, called 02s ff 3 630 am, she snot fn tobe around She goes teschoo! feeling irritable, tired and unhappy and often has fculty staying awake in her classes. Her biology and age they want. pay alatge ole in he ep habits, As a teenager her body Peoplecoten fel when they are ted or Ssprogranmed to stay up later nthe evening and to wake Senet Gterinthe moining Asa resulta 10 clock bectie feels smo early, and a 6.30 wake-up time doesn't fit her current sleep needs. But the biggest problem is that adolescents 5. Dinkinga lotofcofce or stress can lead to sal need [oso sleep ~ atleast eght and a half hous every 6 Youngchildren often when tey ae Hor ted ‘ight andi’ hard to get enough when you body ays Say uplate'and school says'star ety Read the text and writ which family member the sentences refer to. Some children have when they dant get what Most stil live at home with thelr parents, ‘The four-year-old son needs more sleep than adolescents 1 finds it especialy difficult to get up in the ‘oF adults tobe well-ested. He often stays up with his family - dnd doesn't usvally take naps—in act ithe falls asleep in the as its because it’s past his bedtime ort the day ater = ‘getting too litle sleep at ight. Te lack of sleep affects his is developing problems with eating habits Behaviour badly: he starts to whine and sometimes has 4 feels more energetic inthe evening than in the atu — ‘The mother’s siceping habs have changed alot should have mote sleep than ary ofthe othe throughout her life a @ pregnant woman and mater. She {used to losing seep tolook after the needs of he arly She has.a busy day 2t work and at home By the end ofthe . sy she feels exhausted, but hasn't had time to herself and is very tired but wants to stay awake at soesnt want o sleep. often takes short sleeps during the day. family members cart sleep because of worrying at night, “The father often spends early mornings and late nights 8 sleeps longer now than previously swotking When hes rot working he's thinking about work ° finds chard to be with the fay ‘ees, and this leads to many nights of sleeplessness, “Thisaffecshis daly if. He cantenjoy time with his family Have you or anyone you know ever suffered from sleeplessness? Write 42d doesn’: exercise as he used to. The less he sleeps, about when this happened and what the effects were fe more likely he sto want food, esearch has found Bris between appetite increase and lack of sleep due to Leouldi't sleep at night when | was excited about a holiday. | ‘ermones that are produced when youte short on ie. bic twwant tent breakfast the next day and (fell aslegp when “The grandfather spends very little te in deep sleep and was watching TV. e ‘mor easly woken, although his average total len time ‘Bs increased slightly since the age of 65. Like many adults this age he dvces his seep between aternoon naps Sed nigt-time sleep Taking naps, though, may decrease the need to sleep at night and some older people complain ‘ef ificulty faling asleep or staying asleep. Lack of exercise fray akoafect ther ably to sleepGramma Zero, first and second conditionals 1 Complete the table with A~G and write an example for each conditional form. BY an improbable or imaginary situation in the present or future and its consequence present simple would (not) + infinitive a possible situation in the present or future and its consequence jg7——— Past simple } oa (fluntdealotof I gcaheadahe First Second 2 Write the correct pair of verbs and decide if each sentence is, true (T) or false (F). swallow takes | doesn’t burn rub | get-walk | avoid eat sleep snore | eat rake | damage sit | put stops Youonly...gethayfeverifyou wall. through long gas, you green potatoes they youd Yourskin inthe sunifyou alive orto Hryou._ _____aspider web ona cut the ut bleeding geting colds you lots of gal you apiece of chewing gum it seven years to digest. You __your eyesight if you too close to theTTY, Ifyou _-on your back, you more, ‘Complete the sentences with the correct form ofthe verbs siven. (be/play) Ifthe weather was better today, we would play football in the park. But i's pouring! (have/fall asleep) Ifyou __ahot bath before you go tobed each night, you _ mote easily (ao/fee) Sam to bed earlier tonight, he : more energetic tomorrow. (sleep/have) Steff _betterifshe ‘mote comfortable bed, but he cant afford one. (sleep/do) usualy _wellat night if1__ some exercise in the day. (get/not have) Dave TV ini bedroom. more sleep if he Unless, as long as, provided/providing (that), in case 4 Complete the sentences with as long as/providing/provided ‘that, or unless or incase. 1. wail join the basketball tam __ practise on Fridays, Hike watching horror movies tim not alone, leat meat Isa Friday: only eat fish on Fridays | go out most evenings there’ a film on TV that want to watch, __we don't have to lim taking @ sleeping bag at my friend's house. 6 Ikeep anotebook next to my bed write something down in the night. _ I need to sleep over __|wantto Now rewrite sentences 1 and 2 from 5, using unless. Then. rewrite sentences 3 and 4, using as long as. | il join the basketball team Like watching horror movies. 1 2 3. leat meat 4 | go out most evenings Grammar extension 6 Read about Molly, then answer the questions about each situation, Explain your answers. ‘student but sho had dono ‘because she hada't revised enough. 1. How would you feel this happened to you? 2. What would you do ifthis happened to you?Developing vocabu ‘Séioms connected with health and fitness 4 Complete the idioms from page 73 of the Students Book from memory and decide whether the idioms are positive (P) or negative (\) Phils throat infection has been making him feeling realy under the weather ora couple of days. .N. Igo ojcting and swimming to keep Once, | blacked after aPElesson because Ihadrit eaten any breakfast. Hello Nicki! Nice to see you back__ again! Jane hada virus but she os ft now. {used to suffer from bad headaches but now tm as right “ The football atch canceled because halfthe team i illwith the flu. They've been dropping __ this week Im not surprised Dela isnt at school today She was on her yesterday Use one of the idioms to rewrite each sentence so that it has a similar meaning tothe first sentence 1 Sara has recovered and will soon be going back to school. Seis hackon he tag el len bing back to school. Lizie wos eallyil yesterday so she left school early and went straight 0 bed Liza so she left schoolearly and went svaightto bed I hae the sight ofblocd ~if see fel realy dizzy and sometimes even faint! I hae the sight of bloed ~ Pedro goes horse riding to stay fit Pedro goes horse riding {had fu and fet awful last wee, but now tm completely recovered I had fuand felt awl ast week but now in (My aunt had @ long illness but now, a year later, she's completely well again, My aunt had along illness, The ard members areal geting illo they may note able to give the concert. The band members = Harrison thinks he's getting a cold because hes not feeling great. Harrison thinks cabulary extension: more idioms about health Write the italic idioms in the correct place on the scale, + Hess got some pils ands onthe road 1orecoverynow. + Ive been feeling alte off colour since | ate some seafood forlunch + My grandad was in a bad way before his operation. My grandmas over the flu now and she up and about agai felt very run down after my exams but after afew good nights! sleep tm fine His legis on the mend now that it in plaster. Ive had a bad chest infection but the dactor gave me a clean billof heath yesterday. notwell getting better very well offcolour onthemend Complete the sentences with the correct idiom, a orb. 11 Although is only 7 oclac, Harry's gone to bed because hes feeling alittle _ a onthe mend b offcolour Jim was young and fit sohe was soon _afterhis operation a rundown bb upand about again Having spent thtee months in and out of hosota, Mrs Swann hast last _____frorn the doctor, a had aclean bilofhealth been ina bad way Nina isso glad now tobe _after the kidney infection that had made her feel so unwell a onthe roadto recovery rundown Stay in bed, take this medicine and crinklots of liquids and youl soon be a in abad way b onthe mendnewniit bag 1. Check the list of ingredients in the recipe. Do you know what According to the text, are they are? Which one is a herb and which are spices? the following statements True (T), False (F) or 2. Write one of the verbs from the box in the following sentences "Not Given (NG)? about the text. 1 You should puta lid on the pan before you leave it to cook for an hour. Chicken has less fat init than beef. 3. Ifyou want to use meat, you should cook that after bol chop crush dice mince sauté simmer 1 Youhaveto the onion and garlic in the ol. cooking the vegetables 2. After you putallthe ingredients in the pan, you have to 4 You can use differen kinds of beans if you wantto. itforat least 60 minutes. 5 Youneed to add the peppers at the same time as the tomatoes and spices 3. Hfyouwantto usemeat,youhavetobuy » i y 6 You can experiment with the ingredients. chicken or beef 4 Youhaveto the galic before you cookit. 4 Lookat the list in the nutritional analysis. 5 Thetomatoesand peppersneed to be__before you cookthem. 6 Youshould the onion, Peg eo eo eet Vegetable Chilli peat rarer re pemreree PREPARATION TIME: 20 MINUTES © COOKING TIME: 60 MINUTES re hares Ba setot eenpteie ayer 1. Which of the things listed should you usually: a keep as limited as possible? b_ make sure you get sufficient of every day? _ Ingredients fen eieeeace , 1 tin ofed edna beans (drain and rinse beans well to remove sat) | FOF Boys aged! 11-14: about 7,220 calones aday | ‘2tins of chopped tomatoes (use ‘no salt added! for lower sodium) Fomsmeosamae? AB 48s about.2,768 colotice day | For girls aged 11-14: anout 1,845 calories a day For women aged 15-18: about 2,110 calories a day ‘This is a guide — other things influence the amount of | energy you need, such as how much exercise you take, 4 small tin of tomato purée (use ‘no salt added’ for lower sodium) 4 clove gatlc, crushed 4 onion, diced 4 green pepper, chopped 1 1ed pepper, chopped 40mciive ofl Serves 4 hunary poople 5. chili powder canoes Nutritional analysis (approximate amounts per serving, without meat) 5g basil 825 calories milligrams cholesterol aside Baers 11286 milligrams sodium ‘grams fat 186 miligrams calcium | @ Hear the ofl over a medium-high heat Sicianis voit TUG Rep tieiothen {in alarge pan, Hi grains fee || © Add the garlic and onion and cook in the pan until the onion is soft and clear ‘Variation © Add the peppers and sauté for a Ifyou want to make your chil with meat, begin by frying 200 g of minced beef in fow minutes. allarge, heavy-hesed pan before cooking the vegetables, When it's well-browned, ‘© Add the tomatoes, tomato purée, dain the fat and set the meat aside. Then complete the first three stages above sploes and hetbs and stir well, ‘Add the meat at the same time as you adl the beans, ‘© Biing the mixture to the hoi, then reduce ‘you want to cut down on fat, try using chiokon instoad of beot— it tastes similar the heat and add the beans. Cover and ‘and is less fatty. You can vary the recipe with different ingredients, for example simmer for atleast 60 minutes, stirring ‘mush:oome and courgettae, You can aleo experiment with the spices you uso to ‘occasionally. The longer you can leave it | make your dish as hot as you like. The amounts listed here are recommendations the better it will taste! but by adding more or less you can make your chill mote ot lass spicy. 5. Lookat the number of calories in one serving of the dish 6 How healthy do you think this dish is? Explain your answer. ‘and the number of calories you need each day. How many servings could you eat if you ate nothing else? (Use your ‘calculator f you need to!)ammar in conditional ‘Complete the sentences about the third conditional. 1. To form the third conditional, we use If-+ 2 Weuse the third conditional for _ ‘Match the two parts of the sentences. lft hadnt added so much chil, If hadn't added some sugar to the pudding recipe, If hadnt eaten so many sweets when | was younger, IF had followed my training programme, IfDad had given me more help, lft had read the instructions propery, in one clause and would + _ situations in the. in the other clause, | would have done better in the race itwouldnt have been sweet enough. | would have had so many problems with my teth the dish would have been nicer | wouldn'thave broken my phone. | would have finished painting my room by now. \Write endings for these sentence beginnings using the third conditional. Ifelecric ights hadn't been invented, IfJohn Lennon hadn't met Paul McCartney, We would stil be using horses for transport if Spain wouldn't have won the football World Cup in 2010 if d conditionals 5 wouldn't have chosen to come to this school if, 6 Doctors wouldn't be able to cure bacterial infections so easly if. 7 ifthe Titanic had had more lifeboats, ‘Complete the column headings in the table. Then write the parts ofthe sentences in the table. 1. fim had listened to the dentist when he was a child, he would have better teeth now. 2 If Sve liked maths more, she would have paid more attention when she was at school 3 If Kenny had learned to ski before he came, he would have had a better time on this holiday, U fim had listened to the he would have beter teeth hetist when hens achid | now. 4 Nine wouldnt have taken the job ifshe had known how hard the work was, 5 ifBen hadn't eaten that second ice cream, he wouldnt fel so sick George thinks we wouldn't have had so many wars throughout history if we cared more about other people [Sue liked maths more, she would have paid more attention when she was at school. mar extension ‘Complete the sentences. ‘You bought that blue jacket, (But now you don ike it) ifonly thadut bought that blue jacket, You are wearing athickjumper. But now its hot) wish ea ‘You lent your maths book toTom. (But now he's lost it) Afonly! 4. Youre tired, (You want to go out) (Poni eS a 5. Youhaventt done any guitarpractice this week. (But now you have your lesson) (ithe tad oon 6 Yourfiiend always phones you at dinnertime. (And its annoying you) IwishOneal Negotiating and collaborating 1. Choose, b, or cto complete the dialogue. Write notes about each dish. Say: + ifyou would like to eat it and why/why not GIOVANNI: What shall | buy atthe supermarket for dinner how healthy you think each gh tonight? Rosa: (1)_ Well wehad a lot of oly food yesterday, 0 we should have something lighter and healthier tonight, (2)__? GIOVANNI: (3)__m playing footballal afternoon andi 50 cold, Ill ned a big mea Rosa: (4)_ What about having soup fist and then @ pasta dish? GIOVANNI: (5)__. Sowhatkind of soup and pasta (6)__wehave? Rosa: Ive got some chicken and you can get some vgetables and pasta from the supermarket, It's best to buy whateveris freshest, (7) ___? Giovanni: Yes (8) 1 a Maybe, but. 5a Iseewhat you mean. b Let me think. 'b lagree with you. ‘Your friend Tony is trying to follow a healthy diet. Look at the took ke. That’ a good idea different dishesin 2. a shall we shal b dont youagree must 11 Fits, say which dishes you thinkare the nicest to eat © what about you ought | suppose so, but do you mean b © a b c Decide which xe the healthiest for T fhe sonar 2 ich two dishes are the healthiest for Tony to eat | see what you mean, did you understand a - - That'sa good idea a yousee Im not sure, youte right That's true, ¢ you know Using the Speaking Bank on page 78 of the Student's Book, prepare a discussion on the task in 4, Prepare both sides of the discussion: questions/suggestions and responses. Lookat the pictures of different dishes. What food do they Sega show? Use your dictionary ifnecessary. ie think the apple tart | Lagree. And what lakarealy eto | aboot spaghetti? eat, Doyen thinkthe | Maybe, but he would salad loks the neta to eat other fod healthiest dish for | witht Tony? 6 Now review your questions and answers. 1 Didyou answer both parts ofthe task? 2. Didyou come to conciusion?_ 3. Did you use'ilersthat were English? 4 Did you take into account what the other person says?PEP Rana) ‘A for-and-against essay F Look at the pictures and tick (¥) the opinions you agree with. Read the essay task and make notes about your ideas and ‘Then add an opinion of your own about each picture. your opinion. ‘nite, being happyis much more important than being healthy’ Write an essay giving arguments for and against tis statement, Ideas for: Ideas against Your opinion 3. Write your essay using the Writing Bank on page 79 of the Student's Book and the folowing format. Paragraph 1:short introduction to the topic eg, reasons why we ‘might have to choose between health and happiness Paragraph 2: arguments for the statement Paragraph 3: arguments against the statement Paragraph 4: your opinion and conclusion The boy who i playing a computer game looks really happy spits good for him, Eating a burger Is fine as long as she doesnt do It every day. The boy watching television should be outside playing fooital. The boy playing a video game looks really healthy, soit obviously doesnt do any harm, Chileren should pay in ther homes rather than in parks and public places because it's safer Paying computer games and watching TV dont involve ‘much movement, so these activities are bad fora young pessors heathGrammar 11 Modals of advice, prohibition and obligation. Choose a,b, orc, You __opena bank account before you start university need —b should ¢ ought You __to be 17 before you can apply fora diving cence. ahadbeter —b areallowed —¢ have ‘Athome,|__ to eat my meals in my bedroom, a amnotaliowed —b cant dorithave We _ tothe beach yesterday; the weather was much better than today. a needed togo € could have gone They __tothe station because the train was 10 minutes ate, a werent alowed torush—b couldritrush € needrit have rushed Do you think we.__our neighbours about the party? a hadtotell b couldtell—¢ oughtto have told Modals of speculation and deduction. Choose the correct alternative. ‘My phone must/could be out of charge because it wont allow ime to make calls ‘That house with al the plants infront oft cant/may nat be Dianais house: she hasn't got a garden, Henry said he might/mustgo to the concert but It depends con whether he can get ticket. ‘The clock mustcant have got broken when the shelf el down, Lily cant/might nat have been the killer in the fm because she was somewhere else when it happened. Russell may/musthave been the one who sent me the card, ee Cam Conditionals. Write the correct form ofthe verb given. bb should have gone IfJohn doesnt fel any better tomortow, he (have to) go tothe doctor. Katya (look) nicer ifshe did't wear so much make-up. ‘The flm wouldn't be so bad ift__ better actors int. People {90 to univers. If Annie had won another race this season, she {be) the champion now. Kelly would have enjoyed the picnic mare f the weather ____ (be) better yesterday. Ir whales (not come) up to the surface of the sea they cant breathe If acob wast so honest, he. — (eep) the ‘money thathe found in the classroom yesterday. ___(have) (have) better career choices ifthey Complete the first sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change ‘word given. Use between two and five words. 1. Connor's & nurse but held ike to bea doctor. WISHES Connor a doctor rather than a nurse Ifthe café hasnt closed, we can have a meal there PROVIDED We can have a meal in the café _ = | will only go skiing if Teri goes too. UNLESS ve got a torch ~ we might have to walkhome in the dark CASE Fue gota torch, Ellie wort join the tennis club ifshe doesnt geta student discount LONG Elie wl join the tennis club, discount, Vocabulary 11 Complete the text with words from the box. There are two, extra words that you do not need to use. ‘When you decide you want ro open a (1) _ a bank, there ae several things to consider when choosing your bank ity find out what their (2) . are for the services that they provide. Different banks make you pay {or different things. Secondly f you think you may sometimes spend more money than you have got, you will need to arrange an (3) Find out what rate of @ __ the bank will charge while you 6) ______back the money. Another consideration isif you can't always get to a bank while it is open. In this case, you will need to use a (6) __ Make sure the bank you choose has plenty of them in places that are convenient foryou so you can easly(7)_money when you need to‘Choose the correct alternatives. ‘Money and shopping 1 Clothes shops often have refunds/sales atthe end of a season when they give discounts/bargains on the goods that they sell 2 Ifyou pay for an item in a shop with cash, dort forget to. count the rfund/change thatthe cashier gives you back. You can save money up more quickly if you cut back/give. away on some of the unnecessary things that you buy. When you buy something you want to keep fr a long time, you should buy the best quality that you can afford/value ‘Match the idioms and their meanings. Choosea,b, cord. 1. When you breathe in, your _filwith ait. a kidneys —b livers, c veins d lungs ‘The best way of keeping your body healthy istoeata_ a processed —b balanced fatty fit Someone who is is dangerously overweight a fatty b obese ¢ addicted © d allergic Ifyou __ your wes, it isn't as serious as facturing it a sprain shiver ¢ break d relieve ‘Adoctor may take your __ata check up. a weight —b prescription blood pressure symptoms I¥someone _ from heart disease they need to eat careful Health be fully recovered from anillness a stay healthy and fit be getting better get very dizzy and faint be slightly unwell ling be on the mend feel under the weather black out bbe as right as rain keep in shape a teats Smoking _ improves Injection Read the text about opening a bank account, and choose a, b orc. fore and more young people aged AI-IS are opening a bank account. It 8 that there is a growing need, driven siolarly by Interne: shopping, for undor- to have acoess to a bank account that des a plastic payment card, Banks realised long ago that tis important ‘catch their customers early. Once a Decomes familiar with a bank and ‘maybe a savings account and a current unt, pls handful of monthly automatic for power, water, house rent and so Jt becomes awkward and time-consuming ‘very few adults choose to change thelr when they have been with one for afew ‘cis possible for children younger than 11 bank account in their name, with bani book that is supervised by their parents, but to young people aged 11 and over, some Danks offer a simple current aecount with a card which ean be used to pay for things in shops and online. The card can also be used to withdraw cash. Many of these accounts earn interest and can be managed online. Getting ito debt is not allowed so overdrafts, loans and eredit eards are not offered until « ceustomer reaches 18, Each time one of these cards is used, the account is checked to make ‘sure there is enough money in the account. Helena, 16 years old, who has had a Firstline Bank Account since she was 14, ‘summarises the benefits of having a young person's account. ‘My mum got tired of me asking to use her card she says, ‘I had pocket money, but T coulda’t use it online to download music and films. Having my b gets the risk of heart disease c suffers d catches b grows ¢ putson increases Ifyou havea cut, you have to make sure its clean soit doesn't getan__int. b iliness injury infection own card is Jot better than having to carry around a load of cash, and if lost, just ‘cancel it and Td stll have my money? There are other benefits, too. Mark, 15, says, ‘opened one at first because I saw an. advert (on TV for Defta Bank. They were offering all these free its if you opened an account that ‘month, so T did! T got some vouchers for a sports shop, and bought some trainers T'é wanted for ages!” This may seem a rather light-hearted approach to opening an account, but as the youth bank aocounc marker gets more competitive, banks spend increasingly large amounts on offers to get their young customers’ attention. AS a result, now Is ‘great time to open an account if you are between 11 and 18, especially f you spend some time searching for the best deal. 5 What would be the best tite fr this text? Banks for young people: which accounts are best bb Bank accounts: young people design their own Bank accounts for young people: why you should open Pron Cae 1. Thefist paragraph refers to an increase in athe places that accent a young person bank card bb therumber of banks that offer young people bank cards the reasons fr under- 18s to want a bankcard. 2. What points made in paragraph 2? a Banks ry many ways to keep thei customers Customers prefer to stay with one bank Banks provide better services now than inthe past. 3 According to paragraph 3, banks do not allow under-185t0 a borrow money fom them b_ useallof their cashpoint machines. € exrminterest on current accounts 4 Helena says that she a prefers using cash to using cards, worries about the secuty of her card. finds her card convenient Writing 2. Read this writing task. ‘Buying things onlineisfarbetter than going tothe shops 3 Write an essay giving arguments for and against ths statement.ANNE OR steitS eerie Music and film 1 Complete the text with the words from the box. There is one extra word you do not need to use. ig crowd lighting lyrics stage wack had an interesting discussion with my friend Bily lastnight about going to concerts. He has only ever been to one. He hated inbecause he was a long way from the (1) so he couldnt see the band very well, or hear the (2) ofthe songs. But go to concerts whenever I can think one of the best things about being ot alive (3) an being partof the (4) ~itSthe audience that makes the atmosphere good or bad. 've been toa few concerts where the audience have spoilt itby being too quiet and Untesponsive to the band, But when the atmosphere is good, its such a great feeling when your favourite (5) is played by the band and everyone around you is shouting and singing along 2. Match the quotations from film reviews to the questions. Films Who starred in the film? How good was the acting? What was your favourite scene? Whats the film’ plot? What role does the main star play? What was the soundtrack lke? _ aununa af ‘a Its New York, and Ninais aballerina who s obsessed) with dancing, but not quite as much as her mother, Erica, When the director ofa Swan Lake production fires his lead ballerina, Nina's selected to take her place, > {Natalie Portman pays the ‘main partin this superb fl, ee LAE PortmanisNina,atroubled ballerina.) (4 Poran prfrnsbsianty. shes x | completely believable throughoutthe fim. pS J e Themusic was well chosen to match the mood ofthe film, \_match the mood ofthe fm £Thepoint in the film when the new > ballerina aves, just as Nina isstuggling \L.toimpress he: directors very powertl Grammar Reported speech Vocabulary »Music andfim »Media habits » Compound nouns and adjectives Speaking » Discussions 1 Vriting, »AUeWEW Think about a film you have seen recently. Answer the questions from 2 about it. Film: _ Complete the sentences with the phrases from the box. buyaringtone download music send video messages switch TV channels transfer some music to my portable MP3 player tuneinto theradio’ visit my social networking site Ive just been to, sol could look at my 2 IsitOKifl This programme is awful 3 My mobile phone makes a scary noise when someone calls. mesolwantto 4 Ike to latest photos. _ftom interne sites rather than buying CDs ftom shops. 5 My fiends who live abroad sometimes whichis nice because | can see haw they are. 6 Mymum likes to = ‘morning so she can hear her favourite Dy’s programme. 7 Ineedto that | can listen to my favourite tracks while 'm at the gym.4. Before reading the text, answer the questions. 1 Look at the two pictures of people listening to the radi. How are they different? 2 What do you think the advantages of internet radio are in comparison to traditional radio? 2 Read the text. How is Internet radio different from traditional radio? ‘internet radio Mote and more people ae throwing away their radios and listening ‘their favourite stations via the internet. Internet radio (also Snown as web radio, net radio, streaming radio and e-radio) has een available since the 1990s Itinvalves streaming continuous adi which sounds much lke traditional radio Its diferent from ‘podcasting which involves downloading rather than streaming. Many feremet radio services are associated witha traditional Gesestia) fadio staton, The advantages of Internet radio ietemet radio choices are far wider than basic antes such as classic, sock and pop. If you ike music fom the 1980s, for example, you can select anything from new wave to hip-hop. fyou ike electronic susic, ou can choose trance, ambient and more. A streaming radio Station is available for virtually every taste. While you must be relatively close toa terrestrial radio station in exder to receive a broadcast from it, Internet radio stations are not Srited inthis way. Internet rao is avaliable wherever you ae able to get an Intemet connection, and you can listen to radio stations fiom 8 around the world The requirements for Iistening to steaming racio station are sSmple. If you have a computer with an Internet connection, you can Sune in to Internet radio, Streaming radio stations are also available lena variety of devices such as video game consoles and mobile phones. The costs of running an Internet radio station are high, but the {sts of running a terrestrial radio station ae far higher. This means ‘shat internet radio stations generally broadcast fewer advertisements ‘han terrestrial rac stations, which must broadcast a steady stream of advertisements in order to cover their costs. Some internet radio Stations are supported by danatians.or subscriptions and so don't peed to have any advertisements at al Terres radio is affected by environmental factors. You can lose #racio programme in poor weather or driving through a tunnel, for Scample.Intemetradiois closer to CD quality than terestrial radio, ‘Some examples of internet radio stations | Sound Transit | This is nothing lke a traditional radio station. Sound Transit is more like an auicio journey. Choose a start point and end point from a list of countries and the number of stopovers'along the route, then listen as youre taken on a musical voyage across the globe. Birdsong Radio ‘More than halfa milion people tune in every day to listen toa ooping track of birdsong an this radio station. Radio Lab ‘Awonderful way to expand your scientific and philosophical knowledge. Hosts Jad Abumirad and Robert Krulwich ask some Cf the big questions in science and human experience, and help listeners think about these topics in more detail on their own, I 3. Match the definitions with the underlined words in the text. gifts of money or goods the transmission of cigital audio deta for listening or viewing without storing it rst ais tocommunicate aTV or radio show _ rraking aucio files (usually MP3) for download different types of ats such as books or films Using signals sent ftom land rather than from saelites 4 Complete the notes about Internet radio. What is Internet radio? Also called (3) Began in (8) ‘Audio ts cent by (8) Biggest advantage: the (4) Availability You can listen to Internet radio stations froma all round world on any computer or (8) |@ th en Internist connection. | ress advertising not dovrioading. cf stanions, radio stations @ zadio Stationa ao they can st lesa to run than ve fewer adverts n't affected Ly environmental factors, eg or (0) Internet radio stations Sound Transit: 1akes y worl Birdsong Radio: piays 4 (18) one @ay, _ of burdsong 5 Whatabout you? 11 Which radio station described inthe text would you most like tolisten to and why? 2. Tune in to one of the stations and write your opinion oftGrammar in context Reported speech — statements 11 Complete the rules from memory. Then check your answers in the Grammar reference on page 94 of the Student's Book. 1. When the reporting verb (say tel,etc) is in the past, the tense cof the verb in reported speech usually changes, going bback. Some tenses cannot go ary further and so they. When the reporting verb (say, el, etc) isin the present or present____ _ tense, the tense ofthe verb in reported speech usually stays the same. The modal verbs do not change and _ from direct to reported speech, \When the reporting verb isin the past but the statement is something which remains _ the tense of the verb in reported speech usualy stays the same, ‘Match the direct and reported speech to find who said what. Write the name and the adjective, Paul sai," think the fis rubbish’ ‘Mike said, think the film wil be fantastic! ‘Simon said,‘ think the film was great” (Ollie said, think the lm may be interesting! Liam said think the flm could be amazing! said he thought the film might be _saidhe thought the film would be said he thought the film could be said he thought the film was, said he thought the film was rubbish, Reported speech — questions 3. Report the questions and answers. 1 simny: BELINDA: Im lstening to Green Day Jimny asked Bella what music she was listening to, She said she was listening to Green Day._(2silsay) Have you seen Green Day in concert? Yes I saw them two years ago and tm going to \What music are you listening to? see them again next month a (want to know/tell ‘Who's the drummer in Green Day? I's Tre Cool, who's been playing in the band since 11990 but It was someone else before that. 've forgotten hisname, Jimmy: BELLA: _(want to know/tell) Is Green Day your favourite band? No, like lots of different bands, Jimmy: BELLA: (ask/tell) Read the quotations about television and report what was 1. ‘find television to be very educating — everytime somebor tumnson the, goin the other room and read a book? Groucho Marx (comediarvfilm star) Groucho Marx said that he found TV-te very educats everytime somebody turned on the TV, he went into another room and read a book. z ‘Icould have been a doctor, but there were too many good shows on TW!Jason Love (comedian) “1 wish there was a knob on the TV so you could turn up the: intelligence! Leo Anthony Gallagher (comedian! “Television has proved that people wil look at anything rather than each other’ Ann Landers (advice columnist) ‘As the menace that everyone loves to hate but can't seem to ofthe quotes in 4 do you like most? Why? ‘Grammar extension 6 Think about the last long telephone conversation you had. 1. Report two things you said to the person you spoke to, Report two things you asked the person you spoke to.Compound nouns and adjectives 4 Find the 10 compound nouns and match them to the definitions. vwitisjH[zixiritisiwiola Riclulalwisioja|PlojPle|R | Mi RJ R{ULT[ KI ULKLALY | e(nielrialtirlojni|e@pale Tisjojt o}cimMiz{p}Lja}x Hwiu/sojsjol|tie|t}Kitic Kic/t|z/Hic|M/K,O}R|SjA\B sirimis|Fiele|o Alc{ KIT x H B/xiwiGiTi Rim ciZie rR L|i|1;olv{siriajolK}alojx Ki R|x Mis cjwir{sitivie sjaitjolc}K}eiuls|T/e}R GiHiE s;e/s|BiAl/c|wiz|RiM Blo|x olr{Fiiicle|x|tiwiH EitisisizixjojKiHpsto}s iw 1 afilm’s music_ 2. acisadvantage 3. avery popular film 4 comments given to someone about their performance 5 atype of 1V programme about a set of characters, without, anending 6 a situation where two age groups don't understand each other 7 the end result of something 8 place where you can buy ticket 9 the number of people who attend an event 10 when one company starts to control another company 2. Answer the questions. 1. What have you got thats brand-new? 2. What kind of music is old-fashioned? Give an example. 3. Which fm or book do you find thought 4. How much shoppit fo you do online? 3. Complete each headline with a word from the word search. ‘The of Cityline Cinemas by Warehouse Ginemas is to go ahead Bi New Johnny Depp opens in cinemas this week Lack of new acting talent leads to failures for top film company of important music pirating court case to be announced today Disney ‘delighted’ with on first night of new movie New 3D glasses: from cinema-goers 100% positive __ grows as parents lose interest in new gadgets Vocabulary extension: more compound nouns 4 Match a word from each box ‘heat -goet to form compound nouns. hot perme Then match the compound street phones nounstothe photos.Thereis stand-up spot. oneextra noun. Whichisit? tourist. trap festival goer1 Answer these questions about festivals. 11 Have you ever been toa festival in your country or abroad? 2. What doyou thinkare the advantages and disadvantages of working ata festival? Advantages: Disadvantages:__ 2. Read the text. Four paragraphs have been removed. Choose from paragraphs A-D the one which fits each gap 1~4. Working as a lighting technician amongst other things, Laura Ratling decided to follow the festival trail around Australia (‘Oz’). It was 11.57 pm on 31* December and | found myself standing ina field In silence. Holding a candle. Surrounded by 90,000 people doing the | same. | was at Woodford Fok Festival, 70km north of Brisbane, and the atmosphere was intense, 1 Id visited the country before, so this time | was eager to avoid the traditional tourst traps in favour of the ‘real Australia: Step one was research: what, when and where? | madly emailed festival oraeisers to | find wore, with the intention of attending asan ordinary festival oer ifno | postions were available And then was on my way... 2 My next destination was Adelaide. March seemed to be one long festival | The Adeaide Festival of Arts and the Adelaide Fringe, both in the same | week in March, are modelled on the Edinburgh International Festival and | Streep Fel pad Me Geran I ard ats | as Edinburgh, but Adelaide is a lot hotter in March than Edinburgh | ever is | worked at the Festival of rts spending my afternoons looking after the artwork. But the Fringe wes the one for me. Street performers | transform the centre with musicand laughter, stand-up comedians come from far and wide and the festivals Garden of Unearthly Delights offers | puppet shows, bands, and a silent disco where everyone wears wireless. | headphones which provide you wth a choice of musi 4 What about you? Would you lke to work ata festival? Why/ Why not? Write a paragraph about which Australian festival you would ke togotoand why. 60 Unit 3 Match Laura's experiences with the festivals she visited. Whic festival from the text is not mentioned? She was not keen on the place where this took place She made a plan whilst listening to music at this festival. _ She learnta new skill whilst working at thisfestival_ She enjayed this festival so much that she didnt mind the hot conditions. 5 She liked this festival lss than the other festival which happened at the same time. Woodford Folk Festiva Brisbane ‘The NOW Now Festival of Spontaneous Music and Experimental Film ‘The Adelaide Festival of Arts The Adelaide Fringe Womadelaide East Coast Blues and Roots Festival oo | worked at Womadelaide Festival in Adelaide too, and, in spte of t 40-degree heat, it was for me festival perfection. Musicians from agerre displayed their talents in the dusty heat of the Botanical Gard Supported by theatrical groups, eco-workshops and fre-csplays. 3 | then found myself in Melbourne in May, in time for St Kila Film Festi and the Next Wave Festival which celebrates new and emerging art and at which | worked asa production assistant, House parties were he at properties transformed by experimental artists, and the closing nig was clever combination of experimental musicand effects. 4 _ ‘A However, as winter approached, festval season came to an end, | didnt ear a lot and | had to work crazy hours. But | don regret it for a second ~ and td do it again without a shadow of a doubt. The only thing Id change would be squeezing in mare. festvalsif| could. fecommend the Aussi festival tral to anyone B First up wes NOW Now Festival of Spontaneous Music and Experimental firm in the Blue Mountains. | arrived as a general volunteer, but was swiftly promoted to something more challenging | was put in charge of the lighting for this fantastic little festival. As| hadnt done that before, twas quite challengel And then the peace was shattered, The Red Eyes burst onto stage and brought the New Year in with a bang, And then | decided to stay in Australia and work the festivals. 1D From Adelaide to Byron, and the very popular East Coast Blues ‘and Roots Music Festival, which only disappointed me inits venue. Byron just isn't my sort of town. However, the band lst couldn't hhave been better: The Cat Empire, Rodrigo y Gabriela, Jools Holland and many more played. It was a truly fantastic weekend.» Grammar in context Other reporting verbs Grammar extension 1. Write me or nothing -)in the sentence gaps. Sometimes both | 4 Complete these sentences using one of the structures in 2. are possible. 1. Ispoke to Jim. He said — about 800, Harold warned Jake promised he was going to arrive here that he would have to leave ealy that he would be on time that she had a new boyftiend. not to leave my phone on the table. that they wanta longer Sally announced Luke reminded Everyone is complaining holiday White the verbs in the correct row. Some words may belong in ‘more than one category. Add a preposition if necessary. ‘sccuse agree admit advise apologise ask aim confess congratulate citise deny forbid insist instruct. invite object offer cider promise recommend refuse regret remind suggest tell warn 3 Complete the second sentence so that ithas a similar ‘meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not, change the word given, Use between two and five words. 1 He said | must go and see Brad Pit’s new film, RECOMMENDED He and see Brad Pitts new film. | told Freddie | thought held performed really well inthe play ‘CONGRATULATED i so well in the play. ‘was the one who ate most of the chocolate cake! Myra sid. CONFESSED Myra______ the one who ate most of the chocolate cake! Kyle sid he would not take any money for helping his grandma. REFUSED kyle any money for helping his grandma it was Sara idea to put the posters up in the canteen, SUGGESTED Itwas Sara who __the posters up in the canteen, The mother warned her child The fm star promised, The footballer apologised for The walter offered The politician denied The woman's boss reminded —_ The policeman accused the young man of, The rock star insisted on Read about the Good Gig Guide and answer the questions using reporting verbs. Go to gigs often? Consider yourself an expert. concert-goer? Join the Good Gig Guide as a reviewer! Click on the ‘new review’ button to add your favourite artist or band. it’s getting more expensive all the time to go to concerts, so concert-goers are getting more choosy about the concerts they attend. Your review can help others to decide which gigs to go toand which to miss. ‘The Good Gig Guide is independent and free, so ‘you know you're giving and getting good advice. Make Sure you mention the atmosphere, the venue, cost of merchandise and how well organised it was as well as whether the band themselves lived up to your expectations. 1 What does the web page ask you to do? teasks you to write a gig review forthe Goed Gig Gui ‘What does it instruct you to do? Why does it suggest waiting a concert review? ‘What does the ste claim to give? |What does it remind you to do when writing your review?> Developing spea Discussions 1 1. Read the arguments and decide which are for and which against social networking sites. Add some of your own arguments. eee ene ey For For Against Write arguments for and against the following topic. Social networking sites make the world an unhappier pl Against Practise giving your opinion orally on the topic in 2 using the, phrases in the Speaking Bank on page 92 ofthe Student's Book le who have the same meet new pe a5 you, 50 you have a good chance of Bh People can spend their entite lives communicating withy reat friendships. Some people meet online people on) cial groups | re farnlior with {and then establish a elatiorshipin real lif is may make people more narrow-minded. personal privacy can seer unimportant, some people even thinkif you have nothing to hide, it doesn't mater But sighted arid Before Ed social networking sites can help you geta Job. Some companies search for profiles in social ‘networking sites to find new empleyees. On your: web page, you can describe your capabilites sn some of your work ashy person, contacting other people Th Sociainetworking: elnternet is easier than sell your personal information ‘approaching new people in perso EB) tes citficute to really know someone ‘can sperdl a huge amount oftime social ifyou haven't met them in person, possibly severat hours every day. fe itcan become a kind af addiction. Dw network some peDeveloping writing Areview 1 Look at the picture. 3 Match the description to the correct paragraph number in the plan for writing a review. Then write notes for the review in 2. 1. Have you heard of this film? 2. Have you seen this fim’ Ifso, did you ike it? fnot would you Dae veel ene eon nectar like to see it? your opinion about the fim 2. Read the paragraphs from a film review and number them in orks the correct order. Paragraph 1 YOU DON’T ss gecial G iz T TO : HY _rioved this MICU! Paragraph 2: film, not only 500 J TON because I'm an how convincing Py Paragraph 3: and believable WITHOUTIMAKING the storyline was. is cost ANE a and true to life. Jesse Eisenberg’s a | iz M i] iz cS) Paragraph 4: portrayal of Mark Facebook, was amazing. The Social Network is among my top ten films ever and I’m not alone in this view ~ it has enthusiastic user is fy | = ND of Facebook, but 4 S - t Itdidn't seem Zuckerberg, " aay? 2 [} won almost every award going and is predicted to also because of at all clichéd, the creator of win even more when it comes out on DVD. 4 Now cover the text and write the review using your notes. If ‘you have seen the film, add your own ideas to paragraph 3. i _ wren The Social Network was released in 2010, Facebook was the most popular social, networking website with millions of users around the world. It seemed obvious that a movie would be made about its creation. ‘The Social Network is 2 hugely enjoyable film that will become a classic. I recommend this film to everyone, whether or not they are Facebook users. If you're not a fan of Facebook, your opinion is sure to change after watching this movie. 5 Dothe same process from 3.and 4 again with the review, of the book Across the Nightingale Floor on page 93 of the ‘Student's Book. BI _ Starring Jesse Eisenberg, Andrew Garfield and Justin Timberlake, The Social Network takes place in the early 2000s at Harvard University, the birthplace of the website that eventually became known as Facebook. During the film friendships are made and broken, jealousy rears its head and lawsuits are filed as the fascinating story of Facebook is played out.HPGramimar > The passive, verhs with two objects, with say, know cabiulary » Natural disasters » Words connected with naturel dis » Prepostional phrases with verbs “Speaking » Talking about statistios iting > An opinion essay 2 Natural disasters 1 Look at the pictures and complete the crossword. 2 Match the natural disaster to its effects. There is disaster without a set of effects. What Is it? Describe the effects. Effects Disaster Things ate crushed under snow. forest fe Buildings fall down and roads crack open, drought Hospitals fill up and businesses struggle without earthquake People have to leave their homes until they dry out again. volcanic eruption (Crops fall and animals de epidemic Everything in a wide areais covered in molten lava or dust or both: flood Houses lose thelr roofs and trees are blown down, avalanche hurricane 3. Complete the text with words from the box. 4 Write paragraph reporting the disaster from the notes. ash damage destroyed destruction torrential cup ewpien evacuated huranes ARIA refugees survivors sweep across Disaster avalanche SM core Ly Piso Volcanoes cause serious (1) when they @) When: last night Buldings ae (3) and people ae forced to become cauiattvs, co ® oud of) covertheland, aWSNg | Vietins: residents of western Ley Ridge the) of local willie habits and poisoning ers. Survivors staring in Lo Poisonous gases from the olcano mean that eopleand animalshave Damage: many new buldings destroyed tobe (7) from the area. Breathing in volcanic dust an. Present situation: new ave lead to illnesses such as pneumonia in the (8) Dark skies, severe winds such as (@)__and (10) rains may (11) the area for many months ater a volcanic qien for (2)Read the text and choose the best ttle for it, ‘2. Daredevils enter active volcano to make video Daredevils climb record number of volcanoes < Daredevils escape volcano after eruption intensifies ‘Wich instant death just beneath his feet, a daredevil strolls "sound a ledge inside a volcano, ust 100 metres from alake of Boiling ava. One slip ora sudden spray of the bubbling red lava ‘snd Drew Bristol would be turned into ash. na siver heat- {:00f suit, he then uses climbing ropes to slowly lower himself sdown the treacherous rocks towards the fiery lake, while using ‘oxygen tanks to breathe. Incredibly, the extreme climber turns 2nd smiles co wave atthe camera as boiling ava shoots 15 seties into the air below him. The video ofthis event has become an Incermet sensation after it was filmed by valcanolagist and photographer, Geoft ‘Mackley, at Marum voleano on Ambrym Island in the South Pacific Ocean, just 8000 people live onthe island, which is about 650 kilometres from Australia. ‘Marum voleano is classified as highly dangerous and is constantly spraying volcanic ash more than two kilometres high above the island. Official warnings tell visitors to observe ‘he voleano from point tha’s well away from the crater But ‘Mackley and his team wanted to experience the thill of getting fot just near but inside the volcano. Because Mackey’ film sso amazing, some people have suggested it isa fake. He denies this. He explains that he used. ‘along lens on his camera to make the lava look a lot closer to ‘Drew Bristol in his provectveslver-coloured suit than it was. ‘He is about 100 meres from the surface ofthe lava ~ which ‘certainly close enough for him to require a protective suit. “The others of us were further up and while we could feel the 7) incense heat we were quite a bit higher than Drew! ‘Mackly sid the expedition to the voleano had been his dream and ithad been 10 yearsin the planning. Mackey says on his website, ‘Nothing esein lf wil ever compare tothe mind- Slowing thrill of being so close roa spectacle lke this! He also cdaims to have climbed dozens of deadly volcanoes in remote locations around the world, Mackey fies tothe dangerous spots, takes photos and then posts them on his website. But his lates expedition isthe furthest that his team has ever abseiled into alive voleano. ‘The men are believed to be the first people who have ever dared venture so close to the Marum volcano, which has ‘rupted several times over the last century. “Ambrym islanders do not climb the volcano because they regard it asa sacred place and fear that in doing so they would bring bad forcune to the villages below. But Mackley, ho had consulted with the locals before landing with his {equipment close to the top in a helicopter, didnot share the same fears In face said his team would have descended. even further into the volcano ~ "but we didn have enough ropes: However, they plan to return in a few months’ time to make a deeper descent = with protective suits for everybody, and more rope. ‘Match the definitions with the underlined words in the text. Use your dictionary if you need to. dangerous, life-threatening ashelf of rock of religious significance someone who studies volcanoes. someone who does dangerous things went or climbed down _ climbed down using a rope lage hole atthe top of the volcano, formed by eruptions 9 astonishing Choose the correct alternative, b, cor What did Drew Bristol do i ‘a He photographed thelava. bb He descended into the volcano. He slipped on some rocks He got hit by some lava. ist paragraph? \What does the writer find surprising in paragraph 1? thatthe clothing is protective enough bb thatthe ropes continue to workin the voleanic heat ¢_ thatthe lava can each sohigh into the air d_ thatthe climbers able to smile for a photo \What are visitors instructed to do.at Marum volcano, according to paragraph 3? sty off the volcano when't is spraying ash b_ find out how active itis before visiting (¢ watch it ata safe distance from the crater keep away while the team are filming In paragraph 4, Mackley explains a. why he didn't descend furtherinto the volcano himset. the techniques he used to ger the photos. the calculations he had to make about safe distances from the lava, the way he coped with the intense heat. On his website, Mackley says he has ‘photographed hundreds of volcanoes around the world. cream of getting close toa voleano since he was 10 years old begun to plan expeditions to other volcanoes. realised thatthe excitement he feels near volcanoes is ‘exceptionally strong, What contact did Mackley have with the Ambryn islanders? ‘a He had discussions with them in advance of his arval They asked him not to enter thelr sacred place. ‘¢ He asked some of them to jin his team. They sent him advice on the equipment he should use What about you? What do you think of what Mackley and his team did?oT ea > Grammar ir The passive 1 Complete the rules and examples. Then check your answers in Complete the text with the passive verbs from the box. Then the Grammar reference on page 106 of the Student's Book, Use We use the passive when: We are more interested in the (1) who didi We do not (2) Itis(3) Form subject +be-+ (4) Examples Present simple: Earthquakes (5) Richter Scale. Present perfect: Survivors ofthis week earthquake (6) given tents and food by volunteers. Present continuous The volcano (7). than the people __exactly who did the action. _ or understood who did the action. (+ by + agent) measured on the cbserved for further activity today ast simple: The landslide (8) torertia rain wil: All tomorrows fights (9) clouds blown over te fight path, can:in droughts forest res (10) _ caused by last week's cancelled ifthe ash started very easly ‘Active or passive? Choose the correct alternative in italics. The soll on the slopes of volcanoes uses used for agricultural purposes, Molten lava cangestis ranged from 700°to 1,200°C in Temperature Lava glows ed hot to white hot ast lows/is lowed from the voleano. ‘Mountains frmore formed by movements ofthe earths crus. Last week, the children showed/ were shown pictures of volcanoes by thelr teacher. Local people should be warned/wara when theres @high risk of a tsunami During the last u epidemic, many children and old people were voccnated! vaccinated agains it. Since the floods last Friday, thre refugee camps have been set uplhave set up Grammar extension 5 Lookat the two pictures of before and after Hurricane ivan hit Florida, USA. Describe what has happened in the second, photo using passive structures ‘and the verbs in the box. find three more passives in the text and underline them. can be seen havebeen built was carried out ‘was iightly damaged were completed were covered Dams built by residents prevent disaster Formany years, Somerset in Jamaica has suffered severe landslides. Evidence of this (1) ‘throughout the area, Some houses (2) by soll and rock at sor time in the past, leaving only edges ofthe roofs visible. However with four new check dams'that (3) - (on the mountainside, residents living in lide areas were much more able to cope with recent torrential an. The dams were bul ‘onthe slopes to prevent sil and stone from reaching the town, When the rain fl there was flooding and a minor landslide but just one house (4) _ The dams had worked! Al four check dams were constructed under the managemer ofthe Women's Resource and Outveach Centre Limited and mud ofthe work (5) by the residents themsehes Three ofthe dams(6)____lastyearand the fourth was finished justa few weeks before the rin came. Passives with two objects 4 Rewrite each sentence beginning with the person or people. 1 lowers were glen tothe wedding quests. The wedding guests were given flowers. 2 Some sponsorship money's still owed me vresecmcrielioe 3. Aletie wassenttoal students at the school 4 Refunds wil be offered to custorners who return the faulty iter, 5 More funding has been promised to the scientists.yitemucsel tein Prepositional phrases with verbs 4 Write the prepositions in the table and check your answers on Complete each sentence with the correct form ofa verb from ;page 99 ofthe Student's Book. Then write an example for each each box. verb + preposition combination. [vers | Preposition _Brample a Lagree with the person who said agree with complainabout depend on spendon wait for . laughter is the best medicine. apologisefor believein belongto dream of listento 1 Thebank__ theirmistake when | apologise being charged twice forthe same ting Thestudents ___both sides ofthe argument and then decided which one they ___ most Many boys__ becoming a football star n order tohaveloads of money to_ alumury lifestyle. belong Some of my fiends the tennis cub in my town but im sti vacancy so {can join ~ theyre fullat the moment. The ideas you may what your parents think believe complain depend ‘Answer the questions using the underlined verbs. You may need to change the form of the verb. 11 What id you spend pocket money on when you were 2 young chie? dream — a What do you rely on most? Your mobile phone or your computer? listen Who does the pen you'e using belong to? rely ss ‘What was the most recent thing you complained about? spend Do you find it hard or easy to apologise when youve done something wrong? Vocabulary extension: more verbs with prepositions 4 Match the words which go with the verbs. ‘Complete the text using verbs from 4. Jeamabout, a aninteresting event orfact Did you know you can go on organised holidays to watch volcano eruptions protectfom * Something on the Internet and (1) ___ volcanoes from experts? As soon a51(2)_ hearabout *, ¢ danger ‘these holidays, | wanted to go on one. Sol went on volcano tp'tokeland. b c cover with plastic wehbe rent Sree abe (Our guide was volcano specialist (a'volcanologist) whit had a volcano f 9 h fel ike awell @ _ him, We were avery impressed when he tlds that. erashinto azombie Standing neara volcanos amazing Weallhad to wear special suts to anes Sree ne a. us from the intense heat But even with these suits, when you ar standing very near the crate cf volcano, you do 6) a piece of meat being cooked over il Looking nto a volcano was nothing lke | expected it to be:for example the rocks were often bright yellow because they had been (6) sulphurfrom the yolcancs activityLook at the photograph. What doesit show? 2. Read the online series of questions and answers. Who doyou think answered the questions? Find the nouns in the text that match the verbs in the table. Then match these definitions with the nouns. One definition is used twice. One of the noun-verb pairs is the odd one out. Which one, and why? adanger aneffect ameeting the highest point a statement that something is tue supporting structure verb noun definition of noun | aim ‘encounter Impact risk = | 7 | 4 Which question in the text is the following information from? 1. The planet thet some people are afraid of wil stay at a safe distance. _ 2 There are regular updates othe information thats published, 3 One date forthe end of the world is sald to be more lke the end ofa year. Earth has been in existence fora very longtime. The end ofthe word didnot occuratthe time it was predicted to happen 6 Newequiomentis being developed to prevent activity in space damaging our systems. _ 7. eseatchis being done into objects from space that might it fath ae 5. Which answer from the text contains the largest number of passive structures? Why do you think that is? 6 What about you? Do you think governments should finance research into threats from space? How important do you thinkit is? © Are there any threats tothe Earth in 20122 Many | |] end of one of the eyoles in the ancient Mayan calendar (the || evidence for any of the assertions made in support of websites say the world will end in December 2012, Nothing bad wil happen o the Earth in 2012, Our planet has | been maneging just tne for more than 4 bition years, and | scientists knaw of no threat associated with 2012. © what is the origin of the prediction? | It started with claims that Nibiru, @ supposed planet discovered by the Sumerians (an ancient civiisation) is headed towards Earth, This catastrophe was predicted for May 2003, but when nothing happened the date was moved forward to December 2012, Then this story was linked to the Mayas are anather ancient people) on December 21, 2012. © Does the Mayan calendar end in December 20127 Ju as the calender on your kitchen wall does not cease to exist ter December 31, the Mayan calendar doss not frelon December 21,2012. Th dae isthe end ofa Mayan Deriod but etter that just a your calendar begins agin on Sanvary 1 another peng begins forthe Mayen calendar @ Is there a planet called Nibiru or Eris that Is. approaching the Earth and threatening us with widespread destruction? Nibiru and other stories about wayward planets arean Internet hoax. If Nibiru were real and headed for an encounter with the Earth in 2012, astronomers would have been tracking it ‘or at least the past decade, and it would be vielble by now, to the naked eye. Eris is real, butt is a dwarf planet similar to Pluto that will remain in the outer solar system; the closest it can come to Earth is about 4 billion miles. © Is the Earth in danger of being hit by an asteroid? The Earth has aivays been subject to impacts by comets and asteroids, although big hits are very rare. The lat one ‘was e5milon years ago. which probaby led fhe extinction Of the cinosaurs, Today NASA aetonomers can ientfy any large near-Earth asterids ong before they hit. We kro hat thre ae none a large as the one ta ile the dinosaurs Al this work is done openiy wit the dlscoveres posted on the NASA wobaita, so you Can se for yoursel tht nothing 'spreccte to it anytime soon @ Is there a danger from glant solar storms predicted for 2012? Solar acthy nas a requir cycle, wih peaks approximately every 11 yoare, Noar these acy peaks, soar fares Gan cause some interuption of sealife communication, although engineers are learning how to protect elctonics against most colar slorme, But there le ro special risk associated wih 2012, The next solar fare peak wil occur in 2012-20'4andis predicted to be an average solar cyte, no aiferent than previous cyces throughout history @ How do NASA scientists feel about theories about the end of the world? For eny las of dsastr or dramatic changes, wheres the evidence? There is none, and forall the fctonel assertions, wheter they are mace in books, mevfes, documentaries or oni, wo cannot change that fac. There leno credible Unusual events taking place in December 2012,The passive with say, know, believe, etc. 1. Correct one word in each sentence, Underline the wrong word 3. Complete the two sentences so that they that have similar and write the correct word on the line. ‘meaning to the fist sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given, Use betiween two and five words. 1 Ithas believed thatthe moon was fat 2 Itwassay that the moon was made of cheese. _ 3 Ithas be claimed that flood defences didat work 11 The newspaper report said no one had been kiledin the tsunami 5 REPORTED 4 He was thought that elephants never forget. _ (Ut was reported that no one was killed in the tsunams. 5 Itisknown lke tain travel is safer than trove by road The tsunami was reported to have kille no one. 2 People always say that this town is boring but dott think so SAID 2. Rewrite the active sentencesin the passive. it Changing beliefs t t } this town is boring but don't thinks. Thistown_____ boring but I dont think so. 3 People know dinosaurs lived on Earth millions of years ago. KNOWN ht that dinosaurs ved (on Earth millions of years ago, Dinosaurs (on Earth milions of years ago, 4 Everyone believes the team needs a new manager. BELIEVED It ____ the team needs a new manager The team _anew manager 5 People have claimed the landslide was the worst this century. CLAIMED 41 People used to think the Earth ws Tat. Now we know te the landslide was the worst this century. itis round. The landslide the worst this century. ‘twas thought thatthe Earth was flat. Now ibs 6. Parents expected thet chicken to eam Latin at school. noun that the Earth is round. Bie EXPECTED 2. People used to think everything was made of fre, Ie that children feamt Latin at school. Children Latina schoo! rth, air and water. Now we know there are over hundred elements. 3 People used to think the moor we know it has valleys and mountains Grammar extension 4 Complete the questions and then answer them. 4 People used to say feelings came fram your liver. Now 1 What wou youn (on your next birthday? heart m fe say they come 5 People used to think having @ bath once a month was 2. How much ITdo you expect _ ‘at schools n your country? enough. Now we believe we need a bath or shower every day. 3 How much doyou enjoy shown your fiends holiday photos? People used to believe kings were gods. Now we know they were only human. 4 When do you most cishike _ photographed? People used to think our bodies constantly made nevy blood, Now we know that the body circulates blood 5. What facilities do you expect. with at school?ELST ITS BT SIT) ig about statistics Percentage of people killed by natural disaster: 2004 and 2005 ‘weather-related health-related 1 Say these numbers then write them. 1% 1.3% Look atthe pie charts and find the following. the subject of the pie charts the cause ofthe mary of deaths from natualdaster the smallest percentage of people killed by natural disaster_ weather rlatsd the biggest increase between the two years _ the biggest decrease between the two years _ 2005 18.7% Look at the graph and answer the questions. 1 When did weather disasters rise most dramatically the most? When did epidemics fluctuate the most? When did epidemics stay the same? When did weather disasters decrease the most? _ When did earthquakes start to show a steady increase? Describe the pie charts and graph using phrases from the ‘Comment on the information in the charts and graph. Say ‘Speaking Bank on page 104 of the Student's Book. ‘what is significant about the information, For example: ‘Thee charts show tht ser and aoe gael. What patems ate emerging? Is there anything surprising about the patterns? CCan you suggest possible reasons for any dramatic changes cr fluctuations? Tryto predict how these pattems will continue in the future,sveloping writing ‘An opinion essay 2 41 Read scientist Jeff McNeely’s opinion about the 2004 tsunami. Do you agree that the tsunami was a man-made disaster? Der neg Did tourism make the 2004 tsunami effects worse? The buling of coastal resorts and the destruction of natural protection may have contributed to the enormous iss of fe from killer tsunamis that hit the shores ofthe indian Ocean after an earthquake, an environmental expert caims. Jeff NeNeely chief scientist of the Swis-based World Conservation Union (UCN) said the tsunami was nothing new for nature ina geologically active region. What made this csaster is that people have started to occupy pat of the landscape that they shouldnt have occupied! he said ity years ago the coastine was not densely occupied as ‘now by Tourst hotels he added. “The mangroves were all along the coasts where there are shallow waters. They offered protection aginst things like tsunamis. Over the last 20-30 years, they were cleared by people who did't have the long-term knowledge of why these ‘mangroves should have been saved The same thing has been happening with the coral reefs that also provided protection tothe coast he explained ‘When a tsunami comes in, itfirst hits the coal reef wich slowsit down, then thts the mangroves which further tows it down. I'may get through that but by then alot ofthe energy has already been dissipated’ McNeely sa Read the arguments and add your own ideas to each. Uncontrolled tourism threatens mary natural areas around the world Increased pollution, discharges into the sea rratural habitat loss deforestation leading to soil erosion worsens the effects of natural disasters increased pressure on endangered species greater risk of forest fires. pls increased pressure on water resources Tourism can havea positive impact: natural areas are protected and valued because they attract tourists tourists contribute to local economies so environmental protection can be funded tourists learn about environments there is more publicity and aid when tourist areas are hit by natural disasters ‘Make notes on your opinion about the following statement. Tourism is one of the most destructive industries in our world. We should stop its growth immediately. Paragraph 1: Introduction. General statement about the topic and your opinion ‘Now write your essay, using your notes. Use the linkers explained on page 105 of the Student's Book.Grammar 1 Complete the statements using reported speech. Tom:'im going to Pais! Yesterday, Tom said he was going to Paris, My teacher:"You can leave early today! ‘This morning, my teacher told_ Keates Jack here?” Ten minutes ago, Kate asked _ Pete see Sam tomorrow! When Isa Pete last week, he sai, Ficharc' dirt see the film lastnight! Fichard said on Sunday that Tina: When do you normally finish work? Tina asked me yesterday Johr:"Have you ever been to the space museum’ Yesterday, John asked me Kath" might go fora midnight swim” Yesterday evening, Kath said — Choose a, b orc. ‘At the last election, the government __ to help poor families, a admitted —b promised - announced Hannah __for breaking the cup. a apologised b accused ¢ admitted ‘My mum __me to take sorne money to pay forlunch a insisted suggested ¢ reminded “The z00 keeper __ the boys not to climb the fence. a forbade bordered §——c objected Steve __ Mike for being so late and losing his ticket. @ complained b confessed —¢ ctiticised Maria _ eating Mark’ cake. a denied — bwamed —c refused Write one word to complete each passive sentence. Robotswill___ future ‘The north ofthe country lastnight Our house's ___ painted wile we are on holiday. 4. The washing up hasnt _done yet. _ prizes given to the winners ofthe competition ___-used at home and at workin the it bya violent storm every week? The dolphins _______ being fed when we gor to their pool. The new rules ___ not been introduced yet. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning tothe irs sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. Use between two and five words. 11 Some people say thatthe storm vas the worst in histor. CLAIMED ike _-the storm was the worst in hist In the past, people thought that garlic protected you from. illness. BELIEVED Inthe past, gat a you from il My baby brother loves it when Icarty him on my shoulders CARRIED My baby brother loves. on my shoul Someone should mend this door as soon as possible MENDED This door ought iz as so0n as possi ‘concert was held for parents atthe end of term, GIVEN Parents ‘a concert at the end of ter Vocabulary 11 Make a compound noun or adjective with a word from each. box. Write them in the correct box. There are two extra words, abe provoking ‘office ea 2 Write one word to complete the sentences. You can rely Jo, Shes very dependable. Asa chil, | was always ofbeing a professional dancer Itcidntt come true - im ateachert im going to spend my wages___ anew phone, ‘The forest fies were finally _—- out yesterday. Hardly anyone in the UK has died a snake bite,+3 Match the words (a-i) with the definitions (1-7). There are two words you do not need to use. 1a huge ammount of snow falling down a mountain 2 along period without rain 3 _afast-spreading disease among a large group of people _ 4 aperson who has had to leave their home to find a safer placetolive the hot, melted rock that comes out of an erupting volcano 2 sudden collapse of rock and earth on a hill or mountainside 4 Complete the text with words from the box. There are two ‘extra words you do not need to use. download five performance pirate games ‘recorded switch channels sacial networking site ge tracks transfer tune in My media habits For music, the best thing is seeing bands playing (0) at gigs ts so much more excting than listening to (2) _ ‘music. The last band I saw was Pian B. What a brilliant (3) that was! But | do avery strong wind epidemic hurricane landslide drought, flood F lave Reading 9) avalanche ho mud () ) then (5) refugee 1. Read the text about radio stations and record companies and complete the sentences with one to three words from the text. ee ene es ‘While record companies represent one part (f the music industry, another huge part Consists of radio stations. Record labels ‘and radio stations must work together for ‘each to succeed. Record labels need to get radio stations to play the music of the artists they represent, and radio stations need continuous flaw of new material to entertain their listeners. While record companies make their money by selling albums, most radio stations make their money by selling time on their broadcasts (‘airtime’) for ‘other companies’ advertisements. Radio ‘Stations need to gain the largest audience ‘of listeners possible to make themselves 1. According to paragraph 1, record companies and radio stations wll only succeed if they ‘means the period that a radio ‘attractive to advertisers who want to buy airtime. Obviously, the more listeners there are, the more potential customers there are for a company. If record labels provide ragio stations with music that will increase their audionces, stations can sell airtime. In this way, the relationship is two-way, and ‘everyone gets what they want There is a pracess that both labels and radio stations go through before this can happen. When record labels are about to felease an album, thelr sales department tties to get radio stations to play the album. In the Fistory of the music industry, there have been a mrilion ways record labels Writing abit of time every day visting a (7) ‘to make arrangements with my fiends. Occasionally, eres finding aut what's on. ‘music ftom various sites online, too, and | all my favourite tomy MP3 player. spend usually tomy local radio station. I's good for have tried to get their artists on radio stations, from telephone interviews to live performances. Often, radio stations and record companies will work together to promote artists, as, for example, when a racio station hosts @ concert at a festival or arranges an in-store record signing. Its important for record company executives ‘and radio station personnel to be aware of the current trends in musio, and keep up to date with an artists success and with ‘changing radio formats. Good relationships between a record label and racio stations ‘can mean that everyone can make money from an anists success. 2 You recently saw this notice on a music website. programme is broadcast ‘According to the second paragraph, ust before a new album: is released, the record compary’s asts radio stations to play it Examples in paragraph 2 of ways that record companies get ther artists on the radio ae giving live performances and ‘According to paragraph 2, record compary and radio station staff need to know all about In the world of music Weneed more musicreviews. We want to know what you think of ‘popular bands, concerts you've been to, orrecorded music you've ‘bought. We will publish the bestreviews on oursite, \irte your review using the following plan, Introduction: basic information about the band ‘concert/music More detailed information about the band/concert/ music Your opinion of the band/concert/music, supported ‘with reasons. Who you would recommend the band/concert’ musicto and way Paragraph | Paragraph 2: Paragraph 3: Paragraph 4:9 High-tech heaven aves stciay Everyday technology 1 Write the words inthe box under the correct heading. ‘brondeans charger coverage device dishwasher flash diive hairdryer keyboard laptop laser printer network plug touch screen vacuum cleaner ‘washing machine wireless Computerand Internetarphone | yectal phonearvare | conection ment | broadband 2. Choose the correct alternative in each sentence. 1 Anetwork/plug can be used to connect all kinds of electrical equipment to power 2. touch sceen/keyboard works when you press its surface gently 3. You can transfer information with a chargerflash drive, 4 You sometimes lose network coverage/wireless broadband in the middle of a conversation 5 People use al kinds of devices/chargers for entertainment or tosavetime. 6 Youcan goon the internet using a wieless/touch screen Connection to your computer 4. Write a piece of advice about using a phone or a computer Using each ofthe verbs. 3 Name the devices in the pictures (A-F) and then match them to the correct definition. Answers may be used more than once. lar Vetining and non-detining relative clauses: » Nominal clauses with that, what and all lary » Everyday technology » Verbs connected with techno » Phrasal verbs connected with technology and comput » Discussions 2 push The ash drive on your computer should go in easily ~ yore dont need to push it too hard. press Think carefully before you download For large fies, you need to be patient because stream IFyou want to see a film, recharge Don't forget 10 ol dial Ifyou don't have broadband you can ‘eeze Your computer might upgrade Instead of changing your whole PC, you can adjust Ifthe ringtone on your phone is too loud install To be secure you should instal 4s» 2 | ence 1. Itisnecessary to makea washing machine work. Bi plug 3. Youtypeonit 4 Youinsert it into your compute ta transfer data from it 2 tis needed to recharge your phone when the battery i dead, You can select menu options without pressing a button or key oni. thas separate kes foreach eter ofthe alphabet. itis used for dialing a number. I records events on video.Serle] Read the text and choose which statement Angela Belcher right say 1 ve ound e way of making batteries even smaller than they are now. 2. Ive ound a new way of fighting viral infections with battery power. 3. ve found a way of making batteries Keep theircharge for longer. or ‘stimy liquid: Betd completely harmles shell and genetic m; code that tells the, ells, the altered virus does to collect litle bits of metal boratory tests rave also shown quickly and cheaply, on, they may also energy sources. Electric avy batteries to operate. er, more efficient batteries, ‘Answer the questions about the underlined words in the text. 1. Which six words are adjectives? _ 2. Which three words are nouns? 3. Which word isa verb? Choose the correct alternative. Some questions have more than one answer, Use a dictionary ifnecessary. 11 Which ofthe following things can shrink? 2 abuiling b avoollenjumper c theszeofa forest Which of these could be described as oin-ite? a asmallroundstone ba round, lat slver pendant © atall ‘What are components of a mobile phone? a battery b aprinter ¢ acamera d aSIMcard e ascreen f aphoto Which ofthe following signs means toxic? BA What do we need a microscope to see? a acell b acoin c apea davies Which of these i sim? a aficgsskin b atouchsceen ¢ milk \Which of these i rechargeable? a aplug b abattery ¢ astapler Which of these isa minuscule insect? ‘a aflea b abuttely ¢ acockroach Which of these characteristics i genetic? a eyecolour b shoecolour ¢ haircolour ‘According to the text are the following statements True (T) False (F) or Not Given (NG)? The idea forthe batteries originally was ‘Angela Belcher’ THING Paula Hammond says Belcher’ tearn have worked outside the normal range of biological research, T/F/NG Mobile phone companies have asked scientists toinventlightr,smaler batteries. TENG Tre parts that make up Belcher’s microbattery ‘can only be seen through a microscope. TENG To make the batteries, Belcher uses a type of virus that can infect humans.n certain conditions. TRING Belcher’ team have adjusted the virus W13'S genetic material. TENG In tests, the vius batteries were more efficient than normal echargeable batteries. TENG itis possible that Belcher batteries will be used as an altematve to petrol fuels TENG ‘What do you think about batteries made by viruses? Are they ‘good idea?Grammar in con Relative clauses 1. Complete the table. Defining relative clauses | forthings which that forpeople for places for times for reasons for possessions vse commas? yes/no can omit lative pronoun? | yes/no yes/no 2 Complete the text with which, who, where, whose or why. WISE but small! Anyone (1) ‘wants to can see the stars at night with the naked eye, but to see the planets (@)___ are further away, you need a telescope As astronomy develops, ‘more powerful telescopes are needed. That's the reason (3) ____anew telescope bas joined the many (4) are already in space. This telescope, (5) is called WISE, is only about 40 cm in diameter. Its small frame contains a digital camera (6) ‘will be taking ppletures of some the most amazing objects in the universe, including asteroids, galaxies end giant dust clouds (7) stars are born, The scientists (8) team developed WISE are very excited about the project 3. Look at 2 again. Which of your answers could be replaced with that? Which of them could be omitted from the sentence? 4. Rewrite these sentences using defining relative clauses. 1 ThatSthe shop. bought my jacket there. (here) That's the shop where | bought my jacket, There is @ button on the side ofthe phone. You need to press it. (which) That was the moment. knew | wanted tobe a doctor. (when) The people in my class with gaad exam results had revised very hard, (whose) It would be good if someone invented something to cure the common cold. (that) 5- Add a non-defining relative clause using the words given. Invent an exta information you need. 1 Kary she ves next fe fois the boy who won the pie {whorlive) Anieis going tothe par her boyfend. (were/be) Paul gave me a box of chocolates, to say thanks for helping him. (which/be) Katie wil lend the book to Stacey, and she will lend it to me when she's read it. (whose/work) Weete going to tae the train to Paris, ee and welll stay for a couple of days with my aunt. (which/lovell My favourite uncle, visting this weekend. (whorlve) ‘The class at my old school gave me a lovely necklace, _ as leaving present (hate Grammar extension 6 Complete the sentences, 1. Athome,its Joesjob to which he finds really boring The school prineioal promised to which I think wil be fantastic. Tonight, vana's got to which willbe really hard forher Nick started help him gat fier. The shop assistant __ was really helpful My new digital camera i can take better photos. Correct the errorin each sentence. That's the hotel that my mum and dad got married. where, Shes the person who brother pays guitar n a famous band [wish someone would invent a device, which finds all your lost tems, [went tofind out when the tain has been cancelled Harry, that! met on an English course, fs going to teach me. German, ia Carlosis going to Rome where he's been twice before on Saturday. Horse riding can be a dangerous sport, that | dort think alot of people realise se 1666-was the year where there was. huge fren London,DEVS Receteiny Phrasal verbs connected with technology and computers 1. Complete each sentence with one word from each box. ‘The words may be used more than once. back go hack log pick pint run scroll use down into off on out up Some new cars a combination of petrol and electricity '3- Read the jokes which play on two meanings of the ;phrasal verb. Explain the two meanings ofeach phrasal verb. 1A: How doyou stop your laptop batteries from running out? Hide their trainers, You should back up your hard drive. How do | putt in reverse? The alarms gone off How do you know — does it smell? Ineed to ‘my application form so I can sign itthen post it If hadn't bothered to themall Ifyou _to the bottom of the page, you will see the information you want: iFlopen a bankaccount online, m wore that someone might My mobile cnt Iwas late because my alarm didnt Dont forget to and then shut down your ‘computer before you go home. My phone's about to Mobile phones _ make a call than f you text charge more quickly Fyou ‘Match the advice (a-) to the situations (1-6). 1 picking up a signal 2. using up less power 3. running out of battery charge 4 having your computer hacked into 5 backing up documents 6 logging on my files | would have lost ‘enough signal at Dave's house, this moming, cof charge. Can use yours, please? ‘Turn off your MP3 players backlight so this doesn't happen so quickly ‘Make sure your security software is up to date to prevent someone installing @ harmful [program on your computer Switch to a provider who can give you coverage from two mobile phone networks. Set your software program te automatically save a copy offiles you workcon. If you forget your password for your computer, you have to resett before you can do this. ‘One way of doing this to turn down the brightness of your screen, Vocabulary extension: more phrasal verbs connected to computers ‘4. Complete the sentences with a phrasal verb from the box. ffeeup godown kein popup setup Thankyou for joining Ringting! Click here to your profile Inthis box you have to password, ‘Advertisements annoying. Websites may _. visitor numbers. Delete some of your photos if you need to some memory space. your username and onsites all the time, Itcan be because ofa sudden peakin 5 Answer the questions in your awn words 11 Which keys on your keyboard do you use to scroll down the screen? ‘What punishment do you think someone should get for hacking into other peoples computers? How do you prevent your electronic devices using up battery power quickly? Do you always use the same password to log on to different sites? When would be the worst time torun out of battery power ‘on your mobile phone for you?11 Answer the questions about your use of social networking sites. 1 How many texts do you send each day? 2. How often do you visit a social networking site? 3 What benefits does socal networking gve you that other forms of Communication dont? 4 How do you think older generations view these activities? 2 Read the text and write a final line for the text which summarises what the experiment found. How long could you be without your virtual social life? As part of a project called The Social Experiment, more than 600 students at Shoreline High School gave up texting, email, and networking sites for a week free of social media. A __ Cole Sweeten, 17, found that some of his friends are awkward on the phone."They don't know whatto say he sald, But he also discovered that he likes getting calls. He said he prefers @ real ‘Hey, how are you? to a Hell’ text with smiley face Theidea started withTient Mitchell, a video: production teacher at the school He wondered whether his students, who ‘often walked into class heads down, typing away on their phones, could cut themselves off from social media Mitchell thought his students wouldn't be able to tear. themselves away. When he asked them, half the students said they could do it; the other half thought it was the worst idea they'd ever hear. Mitchell and a colleague from another school, Marty Balew, created The Social Experiment. The theme was ‘What was life ike in 1995?" Students documented the process through video interviews with students and staff, some of whom also volunteered to cut themselves off B ._. Five students handed. over their ‘cell phones to Ballew. One gil gave him her Facebook password and asked him to change it for the week to help her avoid temptation mor sacs shamed iamurbo: awe Metworking __.. you answered the message, as somestudentsdid,you got the response: *Youtre out ofthe Social Experiment! Cole Sweeten found it tough, He deleted texts a5 they came i, but found it hard to remember not to answer text messages. On the second day, he heard the familar buzz and grabbed his phone, ready to hit the button to read the new text message, when he remembered. "No?" he shouted, and dropped the phone to the floor, D __. twas too much for her parents, who co her phone for a week ‘This year, she said, she has averaged 20 to 50.a day, until the experiment week, that is It was ‘weld not checking her email, texts and social network site a soon as she woke, But each day got easier She got more exercise, for one thing. 1 run with my dogs and other things because tm not spending all my time on Facebook’ she said during the experiment. E__ He also figued..qut activities such as practising basketball are better distractions than ones that take 10 0r 15 minutes."You had to do something that filled time in large segments! he says. Final lin Find the underlined words that match the words below. worked out 1 Zi 3 getaway 4 desire for something you shouldn't have. uncomfortable 6 took away and banned from using 4 Where do the missing sentences belong? Match each sentence (1-5) with paragraphs A-Einthe text. 1 EdWytovicz lid chores during his fle time idea that sounds ket came fom hs parents buthe claimshe wanted todo it 2. Under the rules, students could calleach ‘other on ther ohones, which many ofthe had never done before the experment began. 3 The experiment was based mosty on trust but secret spies sent text messages to students and instant messages to people breaking the rules. 4 Last year El Zein was sending or receiving 200 texts per day, or about 6000 per mont 5 Some students went to extremes to make sure they didnt break the rules, 5) Which person in the text might have said the following? Write the person'sname. You may Use a name more than once. 1 Iprefer speaking to my friends to writing messagestothem. 2. Before the experiment, I did't believe anyone would be able to do without text ‘and social networking online, 3. Ive been without my mobile for a week before I did this experiment. 4 Ifound ways of passing time that were useful 6 What about you? 1 Would you find the experiment easy to cat out? _ 2. Doyou think it wasa useful experiment? WhyAWhy not?ei rolilio mlm o ds Nominal clauses with that 1 Match the sentence beginnings (1-6) with their endings (a-f). “The main idea ofthe book is that ‘funny thing that happened today was that imy sisters having a baby! ‘The annoying thing about my phone that ‘we spend too much time in virtual realty. One good thing about my MP3 players that ‘we need :0 act quickly to stop it speeding up. ‘The tuth about globel warming is that Ican use it to connect tothe Internet. ‘The exciting thing is that | wore diferent earring in each ear and no one noticed! It keeps switching itself off Nominal clauses with what and al! 2. Underline the wrong word in each sentence. Write the 5 Complete the second sentence so thatitthas a similar correct word, 1 David has been working all ight so alt wants to do now isto sleep. he ‘Al Simone could do inthe exam was many question. ‘NlGeorgiaknow in Fenchis Bonjour _ What David needs has bigger bike, Ican't decide al | want to do when | leave schoo! ‘Allthe children need to do are finish thelr paintings then they can go home, Choose the correctaternative I dont remember whtltha rte in my essay. The problem is what/tha cant afod to get my laptop repaired All/That you do is phone this number and an advisor helps you fix the problem. The facts whatthat people dort take enough caré of ther teeth. That/What! mean is that | don't feel happy about the service I've received AllWhat you need is 2 good meal, a right in anda good nights sleep Rewrite the things that people have said about happiness using what nominal clauses. 11 Making other people happy can make you happy. What can make you happy is making other people happy. Smiling while you tak to them often makes other people happy. Laughing at least once 2 day will make you fee better, Loving what youre doing brings you success in ie. Sharing other people's happiness can increase your happiness. Chasing happiness prevents you feeling happy. ‘meaning tothe frstusing a what, al or that nominal clause. 1 People dropping iter inthe street is so tating Its oritating that peopl drop litter ix the street Surprisingly, we've had non for three weeks. The act 2. People go crazy about fotball Ml never understand why! What | Jane has moved but | cant remember her nev adress. I cant remember what To become a member ofthe gym, just fill in one short form, Allyoudo, My new house has got two bathrooms, which is really goed, (One really good thing about my new house Grammar extension 6 Complete the sentences so that they are tue for you. What makes me happy'is_ What makes me angry s_ What makes me tied is What makes me ayy is What makes me laugh is. What helps me learns. What keeps me healthy is _.VARs scelauel Discussions 2 1. Read the question and consider the selection of arguments (a9). Has new technology caused a generation gap between young people and thei parents? 1) Which ones support a 'yes’answer and which support a ‘na! answer? een 2. Add three of your own arguments (h~. That's the car taxed, your blog updated, your accounts filed and my pocket money invested in a secret off-shore tax haven. 7 (b- Parentsare upset when their child uses \. \ -theirphone while speaking to them. pS ( >, J © Children have different expectations from their) 2 patentsabout what they need to have. } ( ¢ Parents dont understand the. \ \_._ advantages oftechnology. pS J @ Children can communicate better with their parents.) because there are sormany different ways todoso, ) s TM eBAT | Ee \_sswentongs Parents find it hard to socialise with their children because they socialise in cfferent ways. Write how you could ask for or give clarification. Use the expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 118 of the Student's Book. 1) Someone used the word lousyand you don't understand | Un not sure what you mean by lousy’. 2 You want to check tat someone is understanding your argument. | 3. Youwant to check that someone means he prefers watching films to reading, 4 You have heard someone’ argument but you want them to, repeat 5 You want to tel someone that they have not understood yout argument correctly. How would you respond to each of the following statements ina discussion? Write your answer, 1. ‘think technology has made the generation gap much widell Parents Just don't understand a young person's ifestyle? But ay there alunys ben a gap between _| generations. Things like mobile phones haven't really ‘made much diference. ae 2. ‘Some parents know more about new gadgets than their children, so there's no gap as far as Im concerned! 4 3 ‘Don'tyou think that families always find a way of getting on, ‘no matter what gadgets they use?” 4 “‘Ithinkthat technolagy is ruining all human relationships, not just between parents and children’ 5 ‘iflunderstand you corectl, youre saying that technology. doesn't cause the gap. So what does cause it” ; 3 Write what you would say about this topic in a discussion. Use the expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 118 of the Student's Book. |Dene maaliate) Read the question below. What will be the four sections of the report? A magazine for teenagers wants to know ebout what teenagers use their computes for. You have been asked to mite a report about what you and your friends use your computes for most and how useful you think computers ae Write the correct word for you: none, some, most, nearly all or ail.Then add two of your own sentences, __of my friends use social ___ of my fiends shop on the Internet 3 (of my friends use the Internet to research their own interests, 4 cof my friends play games on their computers, 5 ‘of my friends are writing books. 6 (of my friends do their homework con their computes, 7 cof my friends have video calls with family members who live far away. ‘Makes notes for your report. Section 1 Section 2:_ Section 4; Now write your report using your notes.10 Breaking news ayaa ey Newspaper sections 41 Match these headlines othe section ofa newspaper below BF shock 2-1 defeat for United a oy FOR SALE 3-seater sofa, dark brown leather Dear Madam, é tm Harry Trent's column on Tuesday, he said young people nowada thave no manners. it couldn't be more ‘New Brad Pitt film xeceives mixed reviews tenet Ga TOP 3 BANKS report record profits } lt etl al aon Showers will gradually die out during the morning with a brighter afternoon tofollow, classified ads business and finance _ letters to the editor weather forecast sports news entertainment and the arts Match the words from memory with their definitions. Then check your answers on page 122 of the Student's Book. 1 tan 2 manager/director 2 blast b affect badly 3 blaze © at 4 boost _ step towards a goal 5. boss/head make legal 6 cash F tense situation 7 we 9 fe 8 crema fh disagree/arque 9 bit 1 explosion 10. move J increasefencourage 11 aut k. leavestesign Inversion Paticipe clauses Ingiect questions » Question tags bulary » Newspaper sections.» Newspaper headlines » Collocations connected with the news Presentations 2 ine article CChoose the word usually used in a headline. Why are these words used? 1 cut/reduce 7. investigation/probe 2. key/important 8 mystery/riddle 3. request/olea 9 sparidcause 4 promise/pledge 10 matry/wed 5 link/connection 11 aid/help 6 PM/Prime Minister 12. support/back Write a headline for each of these news stories using some of, the words from 2 and 3, 1. The Prime Minister's wife has promised that she wil attend, Fashion Week, 2 Library services willbe reduced sooner than was thought. 3. Asoap opera star will marry her producer next year 4 A forest fire has been brought under control. 5. One athlete's cold medal has given encouragement to the national team, More than 1,000 blackbirds fell from the sky and landed, dead, on roads, pavements and driveways in Beebe in Arkansas last week. Wildlife officials who are seeking an explanation are testing the birds to see if they can find out what killed them. One idea is that a flock of birds could have been hit by a fireworks display.Reading 1 Match 1-5 with a-e to make headlines. Landslide ‘a. ‘Facebook’ user Singing mice caught asleep on the job Worldsoldest —¢_toaid language research Thief d_ not expected to cause damage Farthquake kills five Now read the texts and match each combined headline from ‘with the correct report. Did you match them correctly? JAPANESE SCIENTISTS. School of Frontier Biosciences SAID on Tuesday that they in western Japan, now has had produced a mouse _more than 100 ‘singing mice’ that sings like a bird in for further research. The ‘a genetically engineered team hopes they will help ‘evolution’ which they hope us understand how human. ‘will shed light on the origins language evolved. So far, ‘of human language. scientists have found that ‘A team of researchers birds use different sound at the University of Osaka, elements, put them together Japan created the animal into chunks like words in in their ‘Evolved Mouse human languages and then Project’. In the project they make strings of them to sing Jooked for mice that have ‘songs’, that follow certain ‘miscopied’ DNA, leading linguistic rules. to baby mice which have ‘Mice are better than new characteristics. Lead birds to study because they researcher Arikuni Uchimura are mammals and much ‘said, ‘We checked the newly closer to humans in their bormiceonebyone.Oneday brain structures and other ‘we spotted a mouse that was biological aspects,’ Uchimura singing like a bird.’ He added said. He dreams of further ‘that the ‘singing mouse’ was ‘evolution’ of mice through bom by chance but that the genetic engineering. ‘I know iait will be passed on to i's a long shot and people future generations. ‘would say it’s too absurd, ‘The laboratory, directed by but I'm doing this with hopes professor Takeshi Yagi at the of making a Mickey Mouse (Osaka University’s Graduate some day; he said. 3. Read the texts and work out which is the correct definition for the words underlined in the texts origins text A) special features trait (text A) a kind oftall evacuated (ext 8) a moved significant (text ©) a. hidden hhandcufied (text D) 2 controlled with joined metal ings around thelr wrists attacked with a stick around the hands beginnings characteristic b ranaway b. important Large areas in the eastern Philippines have this is week been badly damaged by heavy rain and high winds. A landslide has claimed five lives and tens Of thousands of people had to be evacuated from their homes for safety. PARTSOFNORTHERNENGLAND werehityesterday by an earthquake measuring 3.6 on the Richter Scale. The centre of the earthquake, which struck at 91pm, was the town of Ripon in North Yorkshire, but ripples and tremors were felt hundreds of kilometres away, in Cumbria and West Yorkshire. Fortunately, the earthquake lasted just a few seconds and is not reported to have caused any significant damage. ‘Aman was arrested after breaking into a local supermarket, ‘were he stole electrical goods and food. However, the ‘1Byearoldthiet was apparently tired by his efforts and fel ‘steep in the food section, where staff arriving for work found him and alerted the police. He was handcuffed while stl ‘asleep hefore bain taken to the police station. (Grace Johnston from Liverpool keeps up to date with her ‘ight grandchilcen end eixteen great-grandchildren via a sociel networking site, She goes online using one of her ‘granddaughter Christine's tablet POs, but now she wants ‘one of her own. She says she isn’t shocked by the things she ‘sees online, but thinks there are other things she should be doing instead of ‘playing on a computer’ 4 Complete the sentences with one to three words from the. tents 1. The singing mice wil be used to research the evolution of |Nkuni Uchimura sad that mice are more similar to humans than : are. People felt. eid earthquake in Cumbria and West Yorkshire The thief had intended to steal goods from a from the Grace Johnston would lke to possess 5 Which news report would you like to know more about? Why?Grammar in context Inversion Participle clauses 1 Complete the rules about inversion by choosing the correct 4 Match the parts ofthe sentences. alternatives. Then complete the examples. Having heard the sports news, _ 1 In phrases used in inversions, the auxiliary verb/subject goes Having finished the frst bookin the triog before the aunihary verb/subject, Seeing the black clouds, _ seen the weather forecast, he never would Walking inthe park, __ have gone sling Feeling cold, _ We use when/than with no sooner Having sen the news about the tuner No sooner had Rachel arived _ Wiliam had to eed homed leave they went out to celebrate their team’s victory We use when/than with scarce thousands of people volunteered to help the survivors Scarce had Jim entered the shop Lucy puter umbilain herb : they saw several ofthe fiends at edema Mike immediately started the next one. We use te few with verbs of thinking such as know: __--— dhe know that he would soon be the Write sentences using participle clauses town's hero. Jim bought three ice-creams for his sisters and then he ‘ a ‘ Couldn't afford one for himself Complete the sentences with the correct auxiliary verb tig shar a a eh Ban Seldom __ have __Iseen such a hilarious show. couldnt afford one for himself Notonly___ Hove watching horror frrs, but fa While Sam was walking home from basketball practice he also lke to be a horror film director one day! decided to visit his uncle, Under no circumstances Flim that ‘mountain this afternoon! aus a millionaire 4 buy my parents a new car. tle | realise when | was younger that learning could be o enjoyable! oe Rite sa At no time _ ———-| told by anyone about the new Mike ran to catch the bus and dropped his phone and broke it rules. That's why I broke ther! Rewrite the words italic in the correct order using inversion, to mean the same as the first sentence. Miranda explained the ules of the game and asked if everyone had understood them. 1 Lily behaved very selfishly anyone/nolebsesime/dd/outhinkfelingsLly/about At ne time did Lily think about anyone else's feelings. Harry let school in a hurry and forgot something, schoolsoone/he/na/arived/at/any/hacthan/ef tis! home/bag/atrealised Suzy saw no-one on the playing field so she assumed the hockey match was cancelled and went home, ‘The highest tower in the town fll down during an earthquake. Grammar extension thelsuclhad/eantquatethe/colapsed/herfowe/scacey | | nyent endings forthese sentences. Pedi isn't looking forward ta visting his aunt. Looking at the photos of last summer, Tom does/enjoy/arely/Aunt/Pedro/Christina/vsting/his Sitting in the exam hall, Mike a Saling across the lake Jemma | went tothe cinema lastnight and saw a great fm Watching her brother win the race, Tina _ Mlm/have/such/a/seer /thought-provoking/never Having seen the fm three times, Kirsten __ Having finished thetr breakfast, Tim and Nina Kathyhates acting Having done his revsion, Mark wili/circumnstances/no/Kathy/under/in/part/the/play/take Having feiled to find the answer on the Internet, Lars.Wn mucletieina Collocations connected with the news Vocabulary extension: more about newspapers 1. Complete the definitions with words from the box. Anewsflash Anew update A turn of events Breaking news Front-pagenews Running a story 3 isnews thats being reported for the fis time ‘means publishing an item of news or a feature. is an unexpected development Choose the correct alternative. inasituation. 1 The News Today is a weeklv/daily paper which people buy on isthe mostimportant their way to work each morning 2. Ibuy ameetdorghty business magarine:| don't have timeto read more than two magazinesa month, I saw the pictures ofthe Bish Pime Minister visting ray interupt other broadcasts, Auta onthe ntiandfegional news. isan tem of news which gives | usually find out what's happening in our town on our natonatfoca newspapers website Im going to buy the June ection of Fifer. ts 2 fortnighty/meonthy magazine tata ways has Good ideas for keeping ft ina fun way. news ofthe time, isan important tem of news which further information on previously reported news ters. Choose the best option, a,b, cor d. 1 Anew young designer has_headlnes in fashion pages around the world. Write the words in the correct column. Add one more word to a done b made each column, broken dorun I missed the last__ of news because we were aking columnist contributor cortespondent diy a poi part editor forightly jetinatst local monthly netomat © item thing regional reporter subeditor weely 24-hour news __ you informed of world events as soon as they happen, a keeps b gets © hears knows When Have you seen this mornings paper?They/te_a story about cour school! a. showing b holding © making d- running | see the story abour the zo0's missing tiger Is _ inthe local paper. a rumingastory b anewsflash front-page news datum of events Isit OK fl tum on the news? | want to see if there are any _ ‘on the effects of the foods, a newsflashes —b_updates headlines d_ breaking news 5 Whois it? Identify each job using one ofthe words from 4, Which job could they all be? Noone would have expected this. aftr the team looked 1 Lamanassistant eito helping to prepare material for setto lose the match, publication, cs a update b news item 2 een eee eae Newspaper, © tumofevents d_ front-page news ence When we were watching TV last night, our program’ is lam employed by a news organisation to provide reports interrupted by the _ about the president dying, pee CIN eet a update b headline from a particular place._ © tumofevents — d_ newsflash 4 | supply news ems ad festures fr several newspapers and The News Channel shows.__ news at the bottom ofthe magazines. screen. I wre a eguiar feature or series of articles in a newspaper on a breaking b bicken ‘particular field of interest : : € update updating Itismy ob tofind out the facts ofa story and write the story in the newspaper work for1 Read the texts about two newspaper campaigns. When you hhave read both, answer the questions. 1. Which newspaper s dally? Which is weekly? 2. Were the campaigns run by national or regional newspapers? 3 Whatid each campaign have as its aim? Editor's role-swap with engineering apprentice _ ‘The editor of a regional dally has handed over his job for fa day to an apprentice as part of a campaign to help young people into work. Brian Aitken from Newcastle title The Journal has thrown himself into a drive to find 100 apprenticeships in 100 days by trading places with a young engineering apprentice. He swapped his editor's chair with 20-year-old Liam Rogerson who is carrying out a three-year apprenticeship with Newcastle University’s School of Marine Science and Technology. ‘The role-swap day was held as part of a campaign launched by The Journal to encourage companies to create 100 apprenticeships for young people. During the role-swap, Brian found out about the inner workings of wind turbines and wave simulation tanks, while Liam was introduced to the world of deadlines, headlines and fonts and helped to choose what went on the front page of the paper. Liam chose a story about the county council considering replacing charity collection bins at recycling centres with bins of their own. During his day at the university, Brian helped test different ‘wave conditions on some boat parts. He said, ‘Iwas absolutely blown away by the kind of high-tech work being carried out. 2. Match these verbs with the endings to make collocations that are in the texts. Underline the collocations in the texts, boost give hold make play raise take _you an insight into something your frst steps to complete a process ‘an economy ‘money fora campaign or charity a key olen achieving something aneventfora day __a difference to somebodys life 86 Unit 10 INewspaper’s campaign raises | £18,000 for homeless A CHARITY CAMPAIGN by a weekly newspaper to p shelters for homeless people has raised £18,000 in just a month ‘The Kentish Gazette launched the weather, the contribution of ou Give Them Shelter fundraising drive readers made a massive differs in November calling on readersto people’ lives! donate money towards night shelters Jon Limebury, project co- run by local charity Catching Lives. ordinator for the night shelters Ie raised £18,000 within a month, added: ‘We owe a debt of grat allowing the charity to commit itself to the Kentish Gazette and its tocperating shelters in church and readers because we coulda't ‘community halls during the winter done it without them. Far more ‘months. ‘money has rolled in than we Editor Leo Whitlock sald: expected, including several la never ceases to amaze me how donations, which means that if readily our readers put their project continues to go well, we hhands in their pockets when it ‘keep the winter shelters running really matters. Inthe freezing cold through February? ‘The day reminded me how important it is to help north-ea! businesses find and train the right people. I am determined that The Journal's campaign to find 100 apprentices in 100 days will play a key role in that." ‘And Liam said his day at The Journal, which took place as part of National Apprenticeship Week, had given him an insight into how the newspaper was put together. He said: ‘There is an incredible amount of work that needs to be done before an edition can go to press and it was interesting to get. feel forall the different departments that ara involved, including the news desk, production and the features department. It did make a career in journalism look exciting, Dut I'm not sure I would be happy with the long hours." ‘The two papers launched their apprenticeships campaign in partnership with the National Apprenticeship Service to ‘boost the local economy and help young people take their first steps on the career ladder. 3 Complete the sentences using one to three words. 1. The ole-swap day publicises the campaign to getlocal businesses to offer 'o young people 2 Liam took part in selecting what went on the of the newspaper 3. Liam wouldnt lke working 4 4 The of the Kentish Gazette was amazed) athow wiling readers were to contribute to the charity. 4 What about you? ‘What do you think of the two campaigns? IF you worked for a newspaper, what kind of campaign would yo lke to run for your local community?CTeTelmmeciicnd Indirect questions Tag questions 1. When do we use indirect questions? 5 Complete these tag questions. Jonathan will be able to come to the party, The editor is Nick Jackson, ? 2 Complete the indirect questions. 1 Where was the thief when you found hin? Could you tell us What did he want to steal? wonder How old is he? Do you know Did the police handcuff him? wonder if you could tell mei Sey Where did the police take him when they’ arrested him? Have you got any dea Which story from page 83 do the questions in 2 refer to? Read Itagain and answer the questions. Read the answers to some questions reporter asked about 2 fox found in an office block in London. Write the in questions she asked. re Fox found living in skyscraper 1 The fox was found on the 72" floor ofthe Shard building at London Bridge, 300m above the ground. The foxhas been nicknamed Romeo. Itentered the building through a central stairwell before climbing to the top It survived by eating scraps of food left by builders. crane diiver saw the fox. We caught the fo by putting some chicken meat in a cage, Now the fox has been released backinto the wild The top-selling song of 2010 was Meet me Halfoy, 2 You haven't met Gregor before, ____? ‘We don't have to hand in our essays until Monday, 2 You can't ski, 7 ‘That was completely unexpected, Jack had seen the film before, Write the tag questions. 1 think Lady Gaga's rel name is Stefani Germanotta Lady Gaga's real name is Stefani Germanotta, isn't it? I think she was born in New York | dor't think she touring at the moment. I think shes made three albums so far think she plays the piano very well Idon't think she plays the guitar. ‘Grammar extension White some questions that you would lke to ask a famous person that you admire. Name of famous person: _ y 1. Write three tag questions to confirm what you think you know about them. 2. White three indirect questions asking things you would lke 10, know about them,Penn eae) Presentations 2 Read the arguments against the statement and decide on your opinion using expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 130 of the Student's Book. 1 Print newspapers never crash or load information initatinaly slowly. Print newspapers can be read without the need fora laptop) oran Internet connection. You don't have to signin, register or remember passwords to read a print newspaper 1 Reorder the sentences to make a conversation. That’ true, but | would stil say that celebrities have a good fife You read articles in newspapers on topics that you might ng select to ead online You can't deny that there are advantages to being a celebrity, though, because they eam [ots of money and have a fantastic soca life ~ think of al those parties Print newspapers ae cheep disposable and easy toreploce, I think it would be avful to bea celebrity because youll have ana —— paparazzi watching you all the time. Yes, but that doesn't mean it would be OK to have no privacy —we all need that, Make notes for a presentation on this topic. 2. Read the statement. Write a list of reasons to argue that this istrue. 1 Invoduction, State your opinion, Newspapers that are printed on paper are an outdated medium. They wlll be enc by 2020. People may think thi is tru because Reading the news online is much more convenient “2 Make your main points and justly them, Present one or two opposing points Respond to the opposing points. Conclusion, Restate your opinion. Practise giving your presentation using expressions in the Speaking Bank on page 130 of the Student's Book.eerie mae) Amagazine article 1 Find the pairs of linkers that have the same meaning. however since lastly furthermore _ theref on the consequently other hand in my opinion finally as far as I'm because concerned in addition | 2. Read the newspaper headlines. What image of teenagers do 3. Answer questions about teenagers in the news where you they create? lve. How often do you read or hear news about teenagers doing ‘good things? How often do you hear about teenagers doing bad things? Three Teens Charged For How often do you eed or hear news oma teenagers pont Breaking into Cars of view? main a Sea OD SEVERAL TEENS ARRESTED AFTER FIGHT IN MALL o ‘What image do you think your society has of teenagers? Do yau think older people's perception of teenagers needs to change? Why/Why not? omen . TEEN SHOOTING SUSPECT ARRESTED © eee) Youhave seen this announcement in your local paper. Write r 2 the article, Remember to use linkers from the Writing Bank Two teens arrested after, onpage ef re Students Book anda the stapestor graffiti painted on i J writing atext. Buena High School Teenagers donot ofen have an opportunity give hei pons of ae view in nespanes We would keto print an aril writen by a teenager. ii aot Headaches in teens tied to Overweight, | write an article about how it feels to be a teenager today and smoking and lack of exercise suggest ways to change how teenagers are perceived by others, sc gt lO ay Disadvantaged adolescents | rone to adult crime, Pp k and drug problems, study finds e |