PHAN DINH DAI i | NHA XUAT BAN XAY DUNG HOI XAY DUNG LIEN CO QUAN TRUNG UONG = * . a SaeedPHAN DINH DAI THI CONG | DAP THUY DIEN HOA BINH 40/2004 [he Ui vag Haag bM aa NHA XUAT BAN XAY DUNG HOI XAY DUNG LIEN CO QUAN TRUNG UONG HA NOI 1992LOI NOI DAU Trong nap nien 80, dat nude ta e6 them mét cong tink IH hy: Cong trink thiy dien Hoa Bink. Dén nay, nhidu hang muc chit yéu ciia cong trink da hotn thanh va dua vbo sit dung. di¢n cia cic tb may dau tien da duge hoa vdo Lusi ditn quée gia\Nfhing 16 may con Igi dang duge tifp tuc thi cong, Nhting phn lon Ay su va cong nhon da lén dudng di xty dung nhOng cong trinh moi. Dong nude dang ehdy vb tuée-bin dang quay dé sdn ra dong dién phuc vu cuge sng. 1 . Nhung-e6 mot cude s6ng khéc. D6 le cude sing cita nhang cong trink chinh do kh6i 6¢ va ban tay cita nhidu con ngudi sing tao ra. Nhing cong trinh dé duge tao ra ue ton tai theo thdi gian nhit thé nao; biét bao nhieu vdn 2 ky thudt vd thao the cong nghé, may méc thiet bi da duce ting dung. Trong qué trink lao dong vd ed trong hy sink tink mang nita, biét bao nhieu Rink nghi¢m quy bi cho dong nghiép da hink than. Xudt phat tie long say me nghd nghiep ud tinh than, tréch nhi¢m tran diy udi cuge séng, v6i dong nghiep, dong chi Phan Dinh Dai, Uy vién Ban chdp hanh Trung uong Hot KHKT xdy dung Viet Nam va nguyen Chit tich Hoi Xay dung Téng cing ty xy dung thiy dien Hoa Bink vis cde cong tac vien da dav cong dite hét, chon loc va ghi chép Iai trong eudn sach "Thi cong dp thity di¢n Hoa Bink" va cde cuin tigp theo. e Voi chite nang hd tro khoa hoe, truyen.b& kién thite id riény cao dan tri, Hoi xay dung lien co quan Trung uong tric thuge Hoi khon hoe ky thudt xdy dung Viet Nam da phoi hop vdi Nha xudt ban Xay dung t6 chite in cuon sich nay E Hy wong cudn séch s@ dén tay nhang dong nghiep vd nhung nguoi quan tam dén nghé xdy dung noi chung vd xdy dung thiiy dién ni rieng. HA NOI, THANG 11 NAM 1991 Hi Gy ching Lién edquen trunguting VG Nhé xudt ban Xéy dingLOT GIGI THIEU Cong wink thiy dign Hoa Binh trén séng Da ta mét rong nhiing cong trink ton nhit, cor bin nhdt cia sw hop the toan dién Vike Nam - Litn X08; Bitu tong cao dep cia tinh hire ngh XO - Vigt. Xdy ding thanh cong dap thiy dign Hoa Binh trong mét ‘hap kj (1980-1990) 1a ket qud rec r6 cia tinh ttn tao dong quén ‘minh, diy tai nang vd sing tao, dong cam cong kids KE vai sd ednh glita cin b6 vd cong han Viet Nam voi cdc chuyén gia Lién X6 trong cng tée nghién ciéu, khéo sét thigt kE va thi cong. Voi kB lcomg xay cheng. cic Aj to tin, thd gian thi cong lién ‘uc chay dua voi li lu. Ngdy eiing nhur dém, con ngwrdt luon vicon {én dB chinh phue thién nl Nhimg chuyén gla Lién X6,-nhing cén b6 vd cong nhin Viet Nam day tong qué cém va hy sink dé bao fan chin thdng d® dem lai dnh dién séng Da soi sing vd gop phiin to lén day manh phat irién nén kink 1 Vide Nam wong nhiing nam 1988-1989. dén nay. Tap thé 5 su, kj dat Lién XO va Viet Nam wrén cong tneong sting dang la te lcong lao dong sing tao déng gdp nhiéu kink nghigm_ qu: bdw cho ste nghigp xay dieng cng irith nay. Tong ket ede kinh nghiéor Khoa hoc kV dhudt xit if tht cOng céng trink 1a moe dong gép quan trong wrong link wee nghién citu, Ihiét KE va thi cing cdc cOng trinh diy dién & medic ta. Tong cong ty xdy dung thiy dién sdng Da wi sie hd tro cia BO Xay ding va ede cor quan khoa hoc khde cia Nha nurde hodn thanh diege vige dite rit kink nghigm ky thudt xdy dung dap Hoa Binh [a mdt cOng hién qu bau cho hin tai vd wrong tala Hoan nghénh cdc tdc gid, nhiing ngizdi dé lao dong quén minh, say siea vi sie nghiép xdy dueng thity dién va cb nhitu cOng hién sdng tgo trong khoa hoc ky thudt xdy dung. Mong ring cdc tong két kink nghiém nay dleoe phd bién ring * rai va duoc nhidu ngiedi, nhidu ngdnh nghién atu ting dung. BO trvéng Bp Xty dung.) NGO XUAN LOC ‘SjLOI TAC GIA Ti vinh hank dirge cing hign tron tubithanh xuan (trén 10 nim) cho vige tham gia xiy dyng cong trinh thiy dign Thac ba (1964-1975), d& ri ngay 30-4 lich sir dy ra di, dén cOng trong thiy ign méi - Hoa Binh, ldng bang khuing ma an hin cha viét duoc gi dB lai cho ai d6 yeu mgh® nghigp ~ céi ngh® sinh ti voi nhimg dong song ! SuOt thoi gian trén hai muoi lim ndm lam mot ky sw rOi think ngudi phy tréch cong tée ky thugt cila céng trong, nay nha mdy thily dign Hda Binh di dem lai site sing méi va anh séng cho mol nha, t6i Iai di mhin céng vigc méi, dB lai khat khao nghi nghiép cho ban be dén vi thay dign I-a-ly, Ham Thugn, Vinh Son. Bang wée ao va tich ly cia minh (61 dé vigt lai nhing kin nghig 44 duge xr ly trén cong trinh thiy dign Hoa Binh véi nhing céng hat cia cong tring, dé At ~ Thi cong dap thiy dign Hoa Binh , mhing. vain AB ky thust phite tap va kho khin ~ Khoan phut va khoan phun xik ly nén dip = Thi cong céng tinh ngim Voi su cing tac dic lye ciia céc ky sur Pham Hiru Minh, Nguyén Thy Bat, Nguyén Manh Long, Trin Cong Thudn va ngwai vé - chi Quang Vinh, Tap dau "Thi cong dap thiy dign Hoa Binh’ duoe xuat ban voi su hd tre dic bit cia Hoi Xay dung Vigt Nam, BO Xay dyng, Trrdng Dai hoc xiy dung, Ting cOng ty xiy dung Song Ba, Nha xudt bin xay dyng. Toi chén thanh cim on céc ding nghigp, d/c BO trudng BO xay dung Ngo Xuan Loc, gido sw PTS Tht trusng Nguyén Manh Kitm, Giéo sw TS Trinh Trong Han, Gio str Tién sf NghuySn Tai va céc anh Nguyén Van Bio, Bui Ditc... da gop nhitu ¥ kign cho tap sach. Tép séch duge viet trong suét qué trinh thi cong va két thuc khi cOng trinh chwa hoa thanh > fon ven nén chéc cin mbigu vin dé phai b8 sung, mong rang sé c6 ngudi bd khuyét Kinh mong doc gia g6p ¥ va 101 06 dip duge stra chita, 22.1991 PHAN DINH DALGIOT THIEU CHUNG CAC HANG MUC CONG TRINH THUY DIEN HOA BINH Cong trink du moi thy lve Hoa Binh li mot td hyp gim cic cdng trinh LL Dap dit di ngiin song e6 chiét cao tinh tir day song dén dinh la 128m. Chigw rong, kon & day Li 820m, chitu rong dinh dip 20m, chiéu dai én dink dip 640m, chigu dai phn song 300m (Xem binh 1). ahi tren Io Dap cb kh rung dip trén 20 trum? (theo thiSt KE) trong G6 : LOF dat sé 1524.2 ngan m hin hop cit si tip wii 161 HA 3173,1_ngan-m, Wop dé loe va dé ahd tip theo fa X31, ngin m3, try da hai phia [a 15.024 ngan m', be tong do chéing song va dink dap 18x10%in?. Dap duoc dip trén tuyén co hep cia'long song Da, eich thi xi How Binh 1Skm v8 phia thuyng: uu. BE rong ca long sing 6 diy 3Kim, day song hinh chir V és chigu sdu cit cHdt trim tich Alvi trén Sm, Do dé dé dim bio dn dink vi ching thm, wong qué tink dép dap phai tién hank khoan phut wii tng chigu dai khoan li 33,3 ngin m, Ding thei cing da phi Uhoan phun xi ming dunti dip wi Wing si chigu dai 8 261 ngan m, Dip dit da nay Ki cong trinh chiu dp chi yu ngin dong sing Da tao ra hd Hoa Binh -Son La c6 dung tich 94S km’, dung tich hiru ich 565 km? va dung tich ching 1d ki 6 km?, Dap duve thie KE chin direc ding dit clip 8 va oGt murde Kin nha la 102m. 2+ ap tran van hi be ving cét thép li cing trink thio va digu tiét Ii,.c6 chitw cao Tm vi 12 etka da rng Gm va 6 ella xd mat mdi cita rng 12m, cd kha nang thGo 10 voi tin sual 001%. Cong trinh duwe xdy dung teen nién dé Bavanpooc-phi-rit sau Kh Ji do ARN agin m? dit da cia qui dBi 206 ddi dign véi nui dng Twong, TAL cd cée cia van cou I eta van binh cung, digu khitn ti xa va bling p Ie diu thiy kre, Dap tamtigp giép vol dip ites nhiy uring tong ie lng We tong md tip 100 v8 BE tng 651 thep. Pha bay wal twa cia van cting-nhw da KY thuit cho tase bin eld mba my thiy én, ‘ohng 12 not dat at 'be cung cp diu bign thé, nue ky thudt va née sach qua hé loc bang tia Gyre tim dB cung ep cho ahi may thiy dign may thiy dign ngim bao gim ; iia nhan nurGe, hé théng céc hm din ie bin, him gian bign thé, céc him din muée ra va he thing him'din ky thudt Khe 06 ting chitu dai dio him 13 14.200m, Kh6t lucing do ham 1.17000 m3 va Khoi hegng be tng ngim ta 235,000 m? (theo thigt Kk. Nha may thiy dién ngim cé kich thuste do In chi8u cao 53m, chigu rOng 22m, chigu dai 280m, Ki mot cOng trink nim ci lem, dat trong khdi dé baran pooc-phi rit va diabay pooe phi Ht 66 dit gay kién tao theo cic phuong vj khée nhau, kh dio tao fa nhling géc sat 15 Kin, Do vay yéu clu phai ci cong nghé thi cdng dic bigt méi dém bio an.todn, Ce dim him va Ong teak ogi nim su so vi mat mide WO, chS dn 140m, chi 4p le aude len, song yeu ciu van hanh phat khd va thong gid.Dia chit khu vue cing trink ngim c6 nbigu duit gay phite tap nhur vet nit so 500 6 chitu rong dén 10m thong sudt tir thuong liu dén ha hu di qua Khu vue sit gian may va eée him quan. trong. Dit gay bi phong héa va clorit héa manh, ¢6 dé thim nuréc lén, an siu tir dinh fui cho dén day cia céng tink. ‘ Do vay, vige xir IY chéing Ul cing quan trong. im va sip him trong qué trinh thi cing la you clu ky thuat vo Thi cing thinh cong cing trish nglim li thing toi Win lao vB mat ky thudt, dB lai ahing Kinh nghiém v6 gid cho moi tap'thé tham gia xiy dung no, 4~Céng win chong dim Trai Nhan Co thé tach khu vre chéng thém agi dé voi Trai Nhin thanh mot hang muc, vi a6 li mot cOng trinh die biel, thi cong big ving mii di voi c6 dit giy kin nat, thong sust thurumg, ha ru voi nhigu hang hée kim think mot khdi ving chic, mt qui mii mia ahin too dim bio ching mit nude tir hi xudng ho tru Cong trinh 6 chisu dai dio him 1 150m, Khoi rong dio him 1a 44 ngan m? khong KE cdc him khéo sit Khoi long khoan d& xi WY 1 61.720m, Khdi twong dio his msi 14500 m’. Khoi rong phun xi mang kip diy cic hung héc, hang dong kac-to ya khe nit theo loan 1 3500 m", Day la cng tinh xi: ching thiim quan trong nat vi dy. ahi & nude ta Khi xdy dung ede céng trinh thiy dign, Thi cong né trong iw viva xik If. K6o dai va tn kém, né vira mang tinh kink 1 kin vi c6 nghiém ky thual v6 cing quy gid xi WY hang ding kac-to, xi Iy dit gay Trai Nhan li 289500 m? vay ds be tng tucymg, iim jh £6 thE 6 Khio sit nighia v@ nhieng inh 5-Céng. winh chuyén dign vd tram phan phdi dign ngodi toi (OPY) + Ton b6 cong suit va dign ning cia nhs may thiy didn Hoa Binh duve chuytn len mang luGi dign quée gia, Dign thé sau may, phit len thanh edt 15,5 KV, duoc nang ken 220 KV qua cée may bién thé dién dat ngim trong gian bién thé va chuytn ra tram phan phi nhir he thding cap dic bit, dat trong Gng diu ap lve cao. 818 may 66 ¥ cum bign. thé va dung cp 220 KV et ng dius loi ding 625 mm? dat trong lye 12-I6atm, Tuyén cap c6 chigu dai 670m. Chiéu dai 4 tuyEn 250m cae tuygn tir gian bign thé ra 6 bing bé tdng edt thép. ip dat trong ci iG dig 28 x Sm, 3,5 x 38m vom ban nguytt 3,3 x 2.9m ki DEn tram chuySn tigp (AFL K) cip agin dye i Hen Ot cao thé chuytn tigp t6i tram phan phi theo hai he dung diy 220 KV vo Ha N6i, hda vo lnti dign qui gia, 220 KV dua diu cap dic Tram phin phii dign ngodi to 66 xdy dung 42 ngin m2, ta thuat xay ip phic tap, ding thei cing mot cong phiin phan phdi dign 220 KV va phiin 110 KV mot cong trinh ky inh kién trie dep. Tram o6 hai phin, 8 ngoai troi (OPY), tir day dign sé chuytn '4 ~ Kh Két ediu thép 300 tin lurgng lip rip thigt bi toan b9 «i Thiét bi dign 759 tn (trong d6 thigt bi may bién thé 1a 303 tn) - Khi eng dio /uldp 425 ngan m3 / 280 ngin_m> = BE ting va be Wong cfu kign 1566 agin m 6- Cong trinh chuyén tau: Theo thigt kE ky thuat ban diy, dE chuyen hang hia va tau thuyen tir tharemg. lw xuding ha Iu va ngwoe Iai, sé xiy dung cong rink voi hal du thuyén, mdi du ed WE mare mang hy mi nue dave Sm. Au thuyén aim cée diw mii ci 8 efing va thigt bi du chira tau 2000 trai cia Khu Trai Nhan ra subi Diing. 1 da dr hém ml phia ~ Tong cong khoi Iweng dio ten 4 trigu a = Khoi tong be tng cSt thép dy kiém 400 ngan m*, Laru hrong hing hoa vin chuytn hai chigu hang nam BL 3 aigu Nhung cho dén nim 1985, long hang hoa vin chuyfn khong xic dinh dure, Thire 1 6 Aha nang nbd hom dy kiga nhigu Hin, Cin ctr vio dit kign vin chuytn vi cw wi kho ‘ben cing ha hw hign cé, khi xdy dung cdng trinh thiy dign How Binh, Cong terme di dé nghi Khong xay dung du tau ma chi xdy dung cing chuytn tip é thureng hu, vic ha hvu di di ben cdng va Kho thiSt bi vat ur, Cho dén nam 1989, cr quan thiGt kE va chd quint di dong ¥ de nehi hoi dung h ino dit Si8 d& xy dung cng thuwng wu. Do dé, céng trin chuyS vit tur thi ha fru sé edn cing nang, bing cae phirong tign vin chuyén thing thudmg hign eo, Ang ei bis thurong, i cling ig val tur Ay thudt va cing thuung leu, Tr n, mat bang cong tending di say dung. h trinh phu tro, nba 6 dim dung e6 dit ning lve dp «kip ssi trom dO S00 ng ng, 25000 m'ingay, Khoan phut 200m daithing va di ch ca nahi cho 2000 ngueri mune 35 ngin cain bi cine nhiin xiy dung cing trinh ve lich xiy dung tren S00 nga thing cie edn mithing, cung cp biHinh 1 ~ MAT BANG DAU MOI THUY Lc‘r BO TRI CAC HANG MUC CONG TRINH (Theo mat bang) 1. Dap dat da 2- Dap tran 3+ M6 tréi dip tran. Cac budng dB thigt bi céng nghé cia nha may. 4- Die muse 5~ Cita nbn nurse vio nha may 6= Tuynen din nue vio nha may 7- Nha méy thy dign (gian may), 8+ Gian bign the 9- Hanh king eta van 10- Tuynen thodt nude T= Tuynen din mre ra 12. Kénh din nude ra 13- Twang ngan bio vé gira vin hanh va xiy ding (lung phin dong) 16-Tuynen van chuytn va thong hoi vio Trai Nhin 2 17 Tuynen giao thong vao nha. miy 18- Tuynen cp, giao thong . 19- Tuynen cip 20- Tuynen cp dén.OPY 21 Tram chuytn tigp va nha hank chink 22- Tram phan phdi dign ngoai tro 23+ Nha diéu hank eda tram 24- Tram Kh nén 25- Tuynen xa liu Iyong thi cong "SON WX NEE ORS TY @ HNIH eHINH 3 _ Maret poe THEO Tin MANHINH 4 MAT CAT Doc TRUC BAP p= ao OP|S gL SNORE Shy NQAAL RL GOED eps :1 popes na Ting VOU Nga AER Tye?” GRRE ony ONyEE Th HMO SB BPP 2? = salts me ee SUC edPhan mot DAP DAT DA Chuong I TONG QUAN VE TINH HINH DIA CHAT, DONG CHAY VUNG TUYEN DAP. CAU TRUC NEN DAP VA DAP THUY DIEN HOA BINH § 1 - TINH HINH DJA CHAT THUY VAN TUYEN DAP : Tuyén dip dirge chon 1a tuyEn thir 3 trong céc tuyén Khi chon phutong én. Tuyén nam cach - thi x4 HOa Binh 1,5 km v@ phia throng hru song Da, gia nép {i dong nam Trai Nhan va dBi __ ng Tuong. Long song dén day bj udn khic bdi diy noi Ong Twong, bE rong cd 250-300m, DO dc hai bo tuyén dap tir 25-30", hai bar King s4u fa dé phun tro. méc-ma hé pec-mi thurgng, Ring Hoa Bink, 19 rd cée nham thgch chinh, Ba gian pooc-phirit, dlaba bagian, phi trén mgt lay thank tao som t(ch, tan tich, chu stu phong héa 0,3-L1m. Ving ,phong h6a manh cia dé trén cb céc ké nift nhét & sét. BE mgt bor phi 4 sét aluvi, dé-lu vi’ day 14m. Ving long song 1a lop trim tich phi trén ting dé gbc cb dO day d&n trén S0m, chia ra theo timg Ip, theo thir ty : Duréi cing 18 Kip cudi sbi day tir 10-30m, 6 he 36 thiim tir 83,5 da 390nv ngay dém ; trung binh 170m/ngay dém, Trén n6 chi yu la lop cét c6 Hn’ sl sam chia day tir 5-20m, he 6 thiim tt 31-63,8n/ngay dem, trung binh 1 46m/ngiy dém. Lop nay gm cit min tren mat, didi n6 1a cit trang. Trén cing gap Wop ct bul, phd sa, val chd 6 lin: thi kink sét, gin t6i be c6 mot sO thdu kinh sét déo. Phia bar tréi dust lép phi phong hoa 2m la dé, DA géic mac-ma & nén dap la diabar, bagian-pooephirit hode poocphirit diabaz 06 cfc tinh chat cor IY gin ging nhau. Cuéng do khiing nén cia cic dé nay 1 300-1300 kgjem?. Kho dd 6 nhing ché chia thanh ving nift né kim tao & g6c va huréng khéc nhau, 6 nhét Lkp khodng vat thach anh, can-xit, dc bigt c6 mot val vEt nét Kim bE rong én 10m (vet mit s6 500), Diy thim nurée cia dé n6i chung 1a nhd O,tmvagd. Dao dong mite auréc ngim & dQ si 10-12m, thank phn héa hoc cia nuée 6 ham hrong khodng chat hd hon g/t, chi yéu la dang cachonnat nétri canxit. Bang 1, bing 2 dinéi day cho dic trung dia chit nén dip. | Mat ct dia chat qua tim dap xem hinh 1 ~ 1 (trang sau) Song Da xudt phét (i Trung Quée, chdy qua sudt ving Tay BAe Viet Nam’ trén 600 km mang theo nhitu phit sa va cét, te 4 ding chay thay ddI Kin trong nam, nén & ving tuyén dap, dong chay ludn dBi dang va te0 ra nhiing bai bdi méi. Rigng ving chan dap dé & ba tri ich ty ba I Nome KOK Huong edt min v2 bin dong li trén $6 ngan-mét KNOi phil Iy true khi dip dap. C6 thE xen sy biém dang déy sting 1 mim trén hink 1-2, 18“tog moo. bua t PEP ESS — cok ay ee j or Gay ami aan fon pedo lavoro HINH 1.1Hinh 1-2 ~ Bién dang déy sng trong nim 1979 - 1980 00 40. arog caw] S ase tm 20. - 309.1979 a 42-6 1980 et 16-6 - 1980 we 1 9-7-1980 80 4 00. 40. ean, ar a widens 2 g 3 Dudi fuyeh dap da do” dom iar fi dine SiN6 Of G WONG a4 OA Oo'NAM 1980 =e.Tinh inh dig’ chat long song, thiy van va khf wrong & song Ba, cong nhw kaf hau ving | Hoa Binh khéng thudn loi cho cing tic dip dap. Trong khi yéu cu tign dé thi cOng, dai hoi | earong do rat cao, 6 thang phat dip trén $00,000 m? dit dé. Cie kho khan do thign bien 6 thé tom tt nhur sau ~ Long sing hep, la qua Kin, trong nbiing nim thi cing, vige din dong va xi ly xa 1 eit | phic tap, d& gay tai hoa | = Mba mura kéo dai, mua lim, dit dmvige dip loi dap rit kh6 khan, D8 chOng Ii nam 1987 da phai dp d&n 10m chigu cao trong | thing. Trong khi 46 theo quy pham sau kbi d4p mot sp dat 20-25em phai th chie nghigm thu tinh chit co ly cia dit dip moi due dép tip, inh hep, hig truvdng chat, moa khd ngdn, cing mot hic dip ni 1 Khe nhau, | vige w& chite hign truding va eer gid hoa thi cdng dai hdl €6 trinh d6 cao. bu vat |= Vat tigu ty nbién é ede mé khing di tigu chutin d dp true tiép vio dap, phal lién te vik I vw... Vide 18 chite dép dap thiy dign Hoa Bioh thing Igi la két qua lao dng tri tue cao va glan khd eta tp thé céng trudag trong nhiing nim 1981-1989, co quan nghi¢n ciu, thict KE eta Lién XO va Viel Nam di nghién ctu thanh cong trén cée. mo binh thiy Ive, thi nghigm két cfu vit Higu, thf nghigm hign truomg, quan trée va tinh in Khoa hoc nbitu d& ti va di thé nghigm 6 KCC qu’ tt Being 1: Bac tinh dia chat nén dap | | ca an | oe ma] Le | He 36 The w Ten dit ey aaa séttrong | dink | thiim K9| : FI (do) | (Tim?) _| - (cawis) Tv [ca 20 | 135 | 20 = | 10 $2 | cuss sat a7 | 19s | 32 - [axiot | 3 | Lop dit phi a sét Kin dim san] 28 135 2 15 104 | 4 | Da phong boa manh 284 25 35 10 «| 5.103 S| Dé phong how aa | 27 | 13 | 103 6 Dé ben ving 29 2,88 40 30 Sx 104 Bang 2: Thanh phiin hat ciia lox trim tich 6 long song (gid tri crung biah) toa ] tank pio nr |] Ren hee nat mn, | Hn | a Dit | 0,1 | 025 | 0,5 1 2 5 10 | 20 | 40 | 80 | deo | dio | di7 ca [s | 50 [ % [os [io] -| -|-|-| - lostfoiz] - | 26 CH 3 | 10 | 25 | 30 | 35] 45 | sr | 80 | 98 | 100 | 208] 027 | 038 | 40Ve thay van va Khf tung : Ving tuyén dip Ha Binh c6 khi bau dic trung ahi¢t dot, mda ‘he 06 nbigt, dO 161 41°C va dd Yim 100%, ving c6 long mira tap trung cao nhét so vét eh nuée. SS ngay mura trung binh trong nim 154 ngly, lrgng-mura trung binh nm 1960 wins, nike die bist 2670mm. Mura t8p trung tir thing 5 dn thing 10 chiém 85% tbng lirgng mura ch nm. ‘Dida tich fiw yee lp trong mua. 51.700-km?. Toog lwgng ding chay'trung binh mdi 57,2 m3, Chigsi stu sng tir 5,5 dn 20m, TSe do dong chy tir 0,25 din 5,22 m/sec, Lamu Wrong da duge va twyag mg v6 ofc tin sult : P= 001% th ~ 37.800 msec P= 01% 26,500 m¥/sec P = 10% 14.690 m/sec Dinh 10 Kom thurdog nim trong théag 7-va thang 8 Thi gian kéo dat dinh 16 tir 6=10 ngdy. Lirong made thing 7, thing 8 chiém dEn 42% 180g hrong dong chy cl ssh, : Maa kigt ti théng 11 ka thlog 4, thng hong dog chly chi chi 15%, lw Irom e durge bé, nhit cht.06 180 m/sec. Bibu. dd Whe-trumg thiy. vin 56 mot sf maim xem hinh 1-3 Huh 1-3; Die trrag lira hrgng stog Da tl. Hide Bink. oS§ 2. THIET KE KET CKU DAP THUY DIGN HOA BINH 1+ Nhigm vg chi yu cha thigt ké : Can cf vao két qui tfah ton cée phuong én t6i wu v8 thiy ming Vigo thiét ke thy cbag Lign XO “Tuaponpockt” mang tén C. KY K(Hulgeng v6t ede ex quan nghien cifu thiét kE Viet | Nam a xée dinh efe thong s6 co ban cho dip va hi chia nhs | Mite muée gia curing ®Y 120M | Mite nuécfiang'binh thuomg HAY 115m Mite murée chét 85m COL nue tah tosn Kon nhat Ha 102m HO chika cf dung tich 9,4 km? Khoi lwgng chéing 10 6 Kim? Dap dim bio dn dinh ching dong dit cp 8. Dap nim tren phin long sOng rng 300m c6 én cét cudi aluvi day dn 60m, Dia chat hai bén di due mé t& & phin tren. Than J6i dap dim bio ching thm, theo tinh todn bn dinh phal dat he 35 Kd = A x 105 * Alo7emis. > Nén dap phai xr ly dim bao of ket chiu duge bign dang du6i tic dong cia dong dit clip 8.. Sau Khi thi Ong, tinh bién dang cia nén va thin, Ii dap doe ding nhtt. DE loai triy kh nang phan rd vat ligu trong qué trinh van hanh dap, vét-ligu dp dap phat dim bio khong nhig ching thém ma cin dim bio dO ben x6t nglim lien tye, site khéng truzgt ding déu di ticu chulin tinh tofn, Cée lép vat ligu trim tich & chin dip mang nhitu phit sa, cat min va Hin dit déu phai bic bd. TiEp gidp loi sét & 2 bd 1a dé phong hoa du phal xik“hy dén dé gic, Vat lieu dip tiép glép duoc chon va thi céng theo quy trink dic biet. Dip dip trong ditu kign thign nhién va dong song phite tap. Thiet kE phat tinh dn che giai doan thich hop v6 trinh ty xé It va xa lw leong thi cong mba can, : Dap dip trén nn cit sdi day, kROi Iwong dap lim, két cfu dap phdi thich ting voi sy hin hing du hin manh trong thoi gian thi cOng va vin hank. Tip gidp gidta cc loai vat ligu phai dim bao dn dinh chiing thim cia dip Ri bai tofn hét sie phite tap trong ca thidt KE va thi cng, Vige chon dinh céc logi vat ligu thich hop xly ra lién tuc trong sudt thoi gian thi cing, A vira phi hap v6i vat ligu toi ché 06 va thoa’méan yeu iu dn dinh cia d§p. MOt s6 cée tinh toén dn dinh da dure phan Vig thigt kE Ba-Cu tinh, trong qué trinh thi cOng dirge Vign thiét ké Mockva chinh xéc lai vio ndm 1985. Trong nhing nam thi céng theo timg giai doan, co quan thigt kE va thi cong lai chun. xéc laf bing teu chulin ky thuat TY,TY3A,TY36,TY3D d® quyét dink thanh phin vat va quy trinh thi cOng phi hop. 2. Mot s6 ket qua tink todn : 2:1- Tinh todn Bn dink gim : Tinh n dinh cia mai dip throng Iuw va ha hru voi. cfc tai trong dac bigt, chi yéu phdi hop v6i lye dong do dong dit cp 8 giy én. ‘ hoTinh todn theo durdmy cong inrot, twong ung Vi hy si an lo’n cp cing trie Jogi de bigt 22- Tinh toan trang thai dng sudt eda dip thye hign bang phrong php phin tie hiw han theo che obng thitc Iy thuyét 4p dung cho bai toin phing trén may tinh dign tir SBM. 23+ Tinh todn Kin loi dap va dap bing phurong phap tng cong tong kép. 24-Tinh todn thim tién hank tho phuomg phip dign thay ding & mo hinh phing 3O4 (Céc bang bitu tinh toan 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 the higm két qué tinh ban du cia thigt ké 197%. Céic chi tidy co IY cia dat nn va vat ligu dip vio dap di duwe chulin nde lyi <0 pam 1985 c6 ké qu sau (8 bing 3) Bing 3 I Cae chi tie eo Wy Treg j Tone | Tangese | A | Ten dit Hrag tht | DG | twwng 7. | ma sat | VE | | ich e6t trong tg p fe tham cm/s} ait Tim? . W/ New | Hn hop cat sii khu Bio | j | khang khoan phyt 18 | hoa | to | aos | as | 20! | Treo vung khoan | | phut ws} im | 22 03 | 0s | 6.104 | Cav trang 18 19 | aszars | os | 6102 | Cat hat min 6 bin oa 1? 0422” | 00 | 2.102 MW. Vac tigu dip dure ute V 1S, i: Da 18 | ose | 15 Hn hop IC 185 216 | 063° | os | 2107 ML, Vat lieu dap tren | kha ten V 18 | 7 | pa 193 4 201 0,78/38° | 20 | 5.10? Hén hop eat sii ITC | 20 7 | 24 | oraz | 20 | 2.10 7 9 154 | 28 | 497 | asrse | 28 | 310+ 10 [hos ozs | 20 | 4104 This kE bs tri hop I va diy dd héthdng thigt bi quan trde dO hin cia dip, quan trde ché 49 thm cita dip, Cie thiGt bi d3t-nglim trong dap mang tinh vinh cifu 4Bing 2-1 | pan tik tito ser D6 LAZO THCY DIES BONG (AD cto NEN VA THAN DAP Dung m fal eeeree rere ee Gradigng cot | L. hrong thm | | ruyar aos}, CO Ne dim urge |] Thegng M | Ko | ko (PP Ho tow ms | 132 | CAE 104 DO DEANE BAO HON Tea de 7 Theo % 1 1 eta oot | 100] 95 | 90 | xo | m | oo | so | go fw) a} myo nee i 5 _ tf salle i in : Se o 115 | 109,9 | 1048 sto] 74,3 [a sag | aa vo [ae 132 _ L LeCéc két qué tinh tofn Hin cha dap : Bibu 2-3 So d8 phin lp Dating veh thidt ia «ing trinh. ‘ing trihh vi sy ‘ah toan dé tin. a= Cong thite 4p dung tinh tosn Ka Sy- = San yr ite Voi Ab la chitu diy lop dat bi nén Ki2 86 thé ty cae phn cia lop dit 4 He 86 rong cia lp dat DO lin khong 3n din cba cing trinh theo thoi gian (xem bing 2-3) St = S.-M) St la dO hin theo thei gian $ 1a d6 tin cus cing” P HE s& phu thude vao do cao H cia kp bi nén va chigu day cia loi dap, & day p= 06 Bing 2-3 Nam i 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 et | oss [03 | 01 | 0 | os | 00s | om | om i~em | 04s | 07 [oss | os | ass | 097 | 098 | age sem [238 [4179 | sonas | s293_| sae | 5023] 7505 | Soom Sau 8 nam thi cdng dén thang 6/198) ket qui do Tin cia dip qua KUA Khdng In hon, tf 86 tink toan(xem phn kitm tra chit long dap). %6Sw lin cia dip khong dng du & céc phlin vat liu dip, da doe tinh’ tobe yh-Aem tra xy trong qui rah th cdg 6 toh dn dp Ive do AE rng, che en pp de oF durge néu é céc churong sau : opel W Ket civ cia dap Hinh IL.1, The hign két ci cia dap theo thigt ke ky thugt nam 1979, ‘Trong qué trinh thi cing ket efiu dip da duge thay di do cée yéu 16 sau: = Thye 1€ kha ning khai thac cét & Ing séng khéng dim bao tc d9 va chit rong a8 tp dap. Do d6 kt c&iu thay ddi sau nay da gidm hon 2 tri¢u m? cét. = DE dim bio Sn dinh cho dap hon da kéo dai chin dap vé phia ha hu, uing hé sé dy trir Bn dinh mai dap ha lu, chdng dong mrée xoéy ngvoc do nude sau mai phéng d§p tran two nen, a = Phin da dip duéi muée thay ddi bd cong nghg phun cét chén ké dé ; nhor két qua tht rghigm tai hién trurdmg xéc dinh duroe ef phot dé nd min c6 thanh phn hat dim bio sau khi | G3. hon nira cong nghé phun cét va dé qua hé théing dng duc thing phitc tap dat trong d& khOng c6 ket qua. . Trong qué trinh thi cong két cfu dap cu the cdn due thay ddi phd hop vél vat ligu, quy trinh dap va dia hinh tigp giép dap.Hinh 11-2 li két cfu dap durge dap. |0-08 yee uae Bupa ty — sat =p aay dey 0°05 495 20] op Gubsinan.y — uafiup dae o> 768 '9nP Pap — ap dy SETHNK cin ON wOTMENA —wo'ss Lan — esas REEMA eanise's quooy ypnSana — err op. We Taxon FS ara aT ohne OPE HiNH I-1 16109 1 6OHeA — wed up om PMDHinn 3: we BN "NE ~ r cera | | pp oot ipphow Hiei My aa och SE os'see wee Mat cdt dap & long song (thi cng) [phen gaelic: ilu an ee abide Pe dy Lee et abe : 4Hinh 1-7b, Mat edt dap & kénh «hit ke 1980) Hinh ti-2c. Mat oli ngang dip thu wee kesh (cing BANG SO SANH KHOI LUONG THIET KE BAN DAU VA ‘THIET KE THUC HIEN. Ther ; ‘Theo T. KET | Chen Itch tang ti Khoi long chinh | Theo T.k€ 1000 m? hin 10 mo? + gin 1 | Dao dat mm sp Bag +4029 2 | Bao dt: 3350 ims -363,1 3. | Be tong chin khay te a 4 | Lip diy him khio sét 4s su cee s:le = ihe 1215 md 1215md 0 Y 891m 19,1 hn + 40,8HY Ve yew tw chat turgng thi cong dap DE dim bio thigt ké trong cde glai doan thi cong, cor quan thigt KE di xuit ban cde U4 chudin kj thuat nhim quy dink chat long vat ligu dirgc dép vio dap, quy trink dép va aghigm thu ky thugt tai chd, phwong phip va tinh tw liy miu kim tra ‘Cie tidu chudin kj thuat chil yu xc dinh gid han think phiin cia cic loai vat Hew dp vio dip. = Da nd min khéng cho phép chia dit & sét, dat thio mde va tan tich khong Kiem hon $% HG 86 bién mém khdng nhd hon 0.9 dung trong kho kiém tra trong Khoi dipy 1a Tim? 5 do dam bio 90%. fp dé vio dap theo Ip, lin din % 2m. BO kin mht cia da # 0, 5 ~ 06 chitu day lép db. Dim bang xe Belar trong qué trinh a, = Cit sbi dép theo Isp, chon theo bitu d3 thinh phiin hat. Vat igu nm tren during cong trung binh vao tigp gidp vii loi dit, vat ligu mim dudi during cong trung binh dép vao ving Lisp gidp v6 Kép chuytn gp phéa tru dé Do dam chat Ro = yuidly max xée dinh bing phuemg php rung phai dat R= 098 phit hop vii do chat trong dai Tp = 09 Hin hop eft s6i khong duce Lin vun sé, & sot va tan tich thu vat, BO day lop dip 0.3 - 08m. phy thude vao céng nghé dim. = Dit 6 sét, Dat dip dim bio chi tigu chi yu Hg si thm KDH1.105 emis, Him tong dlorft hoac sulphat-clorit khong qué 5%. Mudi sulfat khong qua 2%, cic thye vat chura riFa ht KhOng qué 3%. Dat phii dim bio dung trong khd chi thi yey - 90", dO mgm mute 195. Chibu day op dB & trang thi xBp 0.25 - 04m tay theo phurone ticn dim. Cae khit dat trude khi dp phai dim thi nghigm d8 xic dinh a. DO day lép im bb. 88 hegng rot dim ¢. DO Am t6i wu &. Dung trong kh6 d& kitm tra. DAp [6p tigp theo chi doe én hank sau khi da duoc nghiém thu Kp truée theo cde chi tidy quy dinh, Trong mits khd true khi dip len 6p moi cin tui fim di ticu chun be mat bai. Bai dim khong duoc dB qué fim hode qué kho, = Lap chuytn tip. Vat ligu duge chon ky tir di nghitn hode aki chon loc & bai déng howe trong kho theo thinh phiin duge xée dinh trén thigt ké khdng cho phép Kin vat lieu tal bit dlp Can cit vao glai doan thi cong c6 quy trinh va tinh chit vat ligu Khiie mhau, cor quan thigh ké da thda thudin véi thi cOng xut ban cfc quy trink kj thuat sau 1+ No 960-10-Ty.1. Cho don nin dunéi hing tru diy | 2 No 960-10-Ty-2, Cho dp 2 try da dui mune du ttn va cat sit trén Kho, Phin dé duc | nurée c bom bdi thém cal | 2 Ng 960-19-Ty-3a.-Cho phiin dip cde vat ligu trén cao dO 18, 4 ~ No 960 ~ 10 ~ ‘TY 96 cho dp trén cao d9 50 phitn long sng va trén d9 25 phiin kénh thi cing S- No 960-10-Ty 3, J? diip cée vat ligu cao hom cao d6 93. i han think phiin hat cia vét ligu durgeth? hign tren cée bidu dd M-3-1; 2, 3, 4 | Dap thiy. dign Hoa Binh c6 th8 so sinh voi céc dip cao trén thé gid dé dro xiy dung, (Xem bing 2-3-1). ; a ke“dep eyo ovo ngiu> 1A dep 101 App. ups ngy> end oust | sro | o1z | zo | zo | v0 | ea jerset| sez | v66t 6 | a | sc sco] ems | cet z “ (€'0-s'0) |(r'0-s'0) oro | scr | wen 1A, ta | qua POH Se | 8bT| oman | xezueg | omquoqday oor | 9st | o'str |e0-s0 | co-so] 1 of on | dio wenxy oorz owt} srt | sot | so ver | wompyeg mpqe, 6 | £0 so | so a 80x wo | cy | |} so | 60 |sco mA oor | sor fost | 0 | seo | oro oqueyyD | wasn, ois | ov | ove | ro | ro | coo wramigneD | ye, ooz | sor] ss | svo | seo | co oa | pat ve | ao | cro | zo Pquura wdap, 9 [ert | ca | vo | ro | sco ower} ser | sar] zo | zo} ro mam | ops-o1-esy, ve10ydg eq 2y, a ot ey = fam | PB |et40r | nny ony] vn [nny | Se! wi ae ew | dpp Sworn] y | funnyz | ? P| oan sus | dep won wy on | a ne or em | sung nan agns Bug) dep 101 29P oa dep wur 20p og NAG AYX Va Va Lya ava 9s 108 1-£-e Surg 8DAP OROVIN DAP TRARVAOKA! HINH DAP AXUOAN = Tt Si hg RE rb PT NVOAXY JWG ss sists feHINH DAP NURECH DAP KE BAN DAP TARBELANGHIEN CU'U CHE DO DONG CHAY, QUA TRINH DAN DONG THI CONG VA NGAN SONG. Khai cong xy dung ngay 6/11/1979, cing tring thiy dig¢n Hoa Binh thie sir bude vao thir Ay chinh phye dong sing Da. dat ra vO cling kh6 khan va nguy him la gidi quyét trink ty xay dung vit chuyn ding 1 thé ni dé. dim bio an to’n tuygt d6i cho cdng tink va. cho ha wu. | Nuhien cfu ee che up ding chiy d2 din ding thi cng, ngdn sing va thio I 1a edag v da duye td chire tit t4i cong tong, vow mang tinh cht khoa hye cao va higu qua thre AC thict thy, Khi thiét ke AY thudt, vign thict KE thy cong L & Ap theo Wy I X6 di xdy dyng cic mo hinh thay Ive nngoai trai theo 4) 1@ 1 dBi Fong. din, ché do TOM, = 2 (nging) va My = 6 hinh long di 0 20 dB nghién citu giai doan thi cing dip dap dot du. Nhung sw bi fiiiy Wwe thye 1 eda Song Da thuivng xuyén thay di khong thé the ‘iu xi IY kip trén ce mé hinh tioh tosn & xa mhwr vi. Nam 1982, cong trong da xiy dung tai chd co sé nghién ctu thy Ive, voi mé hinh ong mim ty Ie 1/100, vei Ie lye nghién cru trén 3km. M6 hinh lun udm phan nh c thire trang cba ling dan. Cae thi nghigm dure 13 chite mot céch khoa hoc va thie si um Iai higu qui ca phyc. vy kip thi cho ngin sing DA det 1, dot 2, vi mbiGu glai doan eng. Kha WO (ding) vi Tren cor sit nghién edu cba md hinh tai chd, cor quan thigt KE va cOng trang di nghien etry Uinh toxin chulin xic cde mie thi cdng quan trong d& ngin song, xi I va chay may.1. an Gin va cust: nam 1988, n ctfu mo hinh thiy lye tai chd dixie dink chinh xée quy trinh din es fi Dae bict ket qua ngt ding thi cong, dip dap thing loi va an toan tuy. “AY Gi6i thigu ket qua nghién cou mo hinh thiy lye xd ru Kong thi cOng & giai dogn 1 ‘ANNE cong trinh (cia Vign thigt ké thity cong Lign X6) oan: 1 diye xac dinh ti khi khéi cOng cong trinh chinh dén ngay lip songifle. Vide ii thi cong duoc thyc 2 nam diu qua s6ng ty nbién, dén la nam thir 3 xy dung airy wong xd tinh (oan ing vi tin sudt 10% twong tng voi Q = 14690 ms, sé xd hin sOng co hep (do 2 tru di da dip lin ra tir phia bo phat) va qua kénh thi cing. 35. chuong 1] aM6 hinh thi nghigm eG ahigm vu xée din 1/ Bae tinh thiy Wye eta dong séng bi co hep va & kénb thi cong. (tic d6, huang dong chiy, mye nuvic, di siu) Kong, 2 Xie dink sv x6i mon ce teim tich bi long xa 1¢ 6 ving cine trinh dap di dis ding vee Iw ¥ Xée dinh kich thuvie va hinh dang KEL fu cic Khdi dip dot 1 fn dink, nhim hurving dong cchiy a2 xOi etka ving cit min va phan ling cia khOi cit bai trong phiin ckiy ving dip King sing. Mau mo hinh duwe co quan thigt KE chon ¢6 hai kidw = MO hinh miu hi ngoai Wot Kam the AE: 120 = va md hinh mau thiy Iue e6 dp theo 1 8 M, = 1: 460 (ngang) va My = 1: 300 (ding) M6 hinh hiv ngodi troi fa mo hin miu et gid di chon miu my d® nghicn eitu quit trink chustn dong cia ding chiy his ri, bind wp, €6 Lich dong va nue vat. BS qua cée yeu 1 khde nhur lye nh, ma sat, Ie caine bE mat vv. (do phi sa va hat (Oi trong murGe gay ‘Theo ly thuyét v8 mi hinh thiy Iue ie tie Do vay ding quy luat twong duong Froud. Frmo hinh = Fr uw abign, S86 twong dung duee chon Fr30em. + Pp do - ROG tie dung busing dong d2 x6i rita vang hat_min eda trim tich aluvi trong khu vite diy hip. thi nghigm da sie’ dinh khi dp kin cée khii di ra king. son i dich chuyta ve ha uy cfch ving co hep tir 600 = 7m. Bai tich bj xii di manhy hen Kh ¢6 dap Ke pha ngodi cia Khai di ha lw VoH van w Rho Bi dip bi XOH tdi ie cia Kong Sng, nim trong vig. A DE soi ra Khéit et min trim tich 6 vai trai phat thue hign rink We dip cie bang ket di ti ha luu dn shuvng tu, Trone mOt_mi Hi Khoi cit min nim Gr val trad eta dp sé bi xi i het, Rigng ving quiin gira hai bang ket phi dung ciw hit d& kim sach sau Khi-ngain sing, Nem hinh ve 16, TIL. KEt quit thi nghigm mo hinh thiy tue nay di gid cing truiag Kim sach nin andng toi dip 6 long sone, Khoi rung cat-min ut di gin’ 780 ngan ms Sau may Khi CO mo hin thay lure eid eng trun Lin song va ngin sing ding thoi x6t nia such hom ng dap trong mia ding nam 1982, Tao digu kign cho Kip sing thing lot vi ching Ia 1983 dé higm to kin do khing. phi ding iu hit ohivu. . da xe dinh dure bién php tri nh ur a koc= Xie dinh két cdlu ku6t ddp ban du tén long song :* Trén co s& xie dinh van te x6i, hudng dong chiy theo trinh iy dip lin tng voi céc, ru ugg tt 2400 mys dén ru lurgng tinh todn cho phép 10% (Q = 14600 m¥sec), da xéc dink durge kich thurde, cao do, trinh ty cfc Khoi dép du titn Kin ra song Da, tir bir pha tone song, cho phép két hop vige mB pha kénh bo phdi ldy da ddp lin ra sing. 1 “4c kh6i dép nim & phia he liu va thurong liu tim d§p, sau ndy 1b phn trong tre dé dap. Khoang gitra la ving sé dp cat sdi tir day sng én dén cao do 18, Of d6-sé bat dau két cu loi dap va tag loc Nhdn xét : MO hinh thiy lye kit ciimg ty IG 1: 120 va md hinh lng mang c6 4p da xée dinh ding hung, AB thist KE dln ding thi cng dot diu bing kénh dio bor phi c6 kich thurée day 87m,, do d6ic mai kenh 2 : I,ché dO théo Id truée va sau khi ngin sOng an toan, MO hink cling da kitm nghigm va thiét kE duroc két cfu, Rich ef vat ligu cn dip dot Wu lid fa’ song, trong ditu K ign lng song dy cit bin, trim tich dui thin dip va dong chay phite tap. Nhung do khdng tinh dén sy van dong vat cht cha ket cu day song, luén phai gid dinh suv thay dBi long dain, Nén mire d chin xéc khong Kon. Tinh hinh thi cong v2 dién bign 1G 1981, 1982 khény phi digm ra nhw dw kiga, cOng trrdmg thue hig khdi luryng chim hom so vii thigt Ké. Tuy vay, mye teu ngain sing Da vao cust nam 1982 dau nim 1983 khong thay dBi. DB cor sir KY thudt, md inh thiy luc, 1Ong din mém eda edog trudng di duoe xay dung kip thoi | va hing nbigu thi nghig¢m a2 xée dinb due digu Kuga, phurong phap x ly din dong cha phép thay di mot 96 bign php thigt kE chi yu, gidm khdi lurong thi cong, thay di phurong phap hop King, tao digu kign Lip sing thdng loi ngay 121-1983, 4 MO ink hiv: i long dan mitn va higu qud dp dung wrong qué wink thi cong dp + T= Chon kidu va 9 Le més hinh ; Nhigm vw xiy dimg ind hinh ia sie dinh sat thire ché do ding chay, sur chuytn vi cba long séng, kha ving thio li qua cae thoi ky din dong thi cing voi vat liéu lam md bith 1a be Lng use chiy qua m6 hinh 1 music song eG mat dof vii dO hot XE nur nhau, Dan dang thi ding dot 1 qua kénh bir phii voi nn da nd min. to mat diy ca m6 hinh tay bang vita be tong tong ing Khong len hon Olom (ky = O,tem). Hg si cin thiy. lye cha md hinh Ay = 0.401. Ché do thay Iye eda dong chéy 1a chuyén. dong khing déu co hign tong nue dang va mcre Qi, Ticu chun quyét diah xéy dung mo hinh la tigu chun Frut va Rayoon, Két ofu va thict ke md hinh cb ding chiy tw dong. Do dé chi yeu tao cho chi si Re(Raynon) trong md fink in hom dai tug cho phép, d2 dm bio che dO chay & vung chuytn tig. Tae la Rey 2 Reg uk nes * ie ; ; Trong do + Ry Ia bain kinh thiy Ie eda md hinh, Ky do cao mi nhim think Ay, He sé can thy le ; sti Chon ty 1g dai ca m6 hinh 1 1: 100 (al = 1: 100)— Sit pip Buop Suprny or dp 2a 7 = 75s OS s/s Bupa ay nes Op ony eG Supt p Fipy Buop Buory.ma Sp 2Q1 1 ay ART rT LTT ry 7 Fran Neo ONG? HL Ko 4 INGA WZ’? AT YH OONN ArH BSS \ A one, Li ShNO6o4 =D ONIN OM Wx tHE SOs | 2 (OS 4 OBL) YY ONYL,O aS a s YA A¥G_ 0 AYHD.9NOG > p Ss S=raNIHmy, YA Aya DAYHD ONDO 39 Sy ONYE LYK Naw 08 NyHa| | | I | I SEE ign (1) saw khi big Xe dink dBi cde wrong quan TE twong tr chigu can thiy Ive eda m6 hinh dya vio di 140 keri eee dinh Ry Vy = 1S ms. Van tie Vy, mgay (ir Khi Kip sing oF doc d& quay hi mag ha Iw x y= Fie dink bing thé mehigm fi Y= OOS em*see Nhur tren dic Ky = OL em. A, = NN, Vy, = 15M) ems aye be tb 8x0 7 Too. so véti dai Iwong thye nguyen hinh & kénh va Vige chon 17 Ke amd hinh theo ehi@u dai vit chigu caw thiy te 17100 a herp Wy Sau khi xte dink duye ty KE md hin chon, 6 Hoa Binh dit xy dummy khu-mé hink thiy Wwe Hong din mim, vii chidu dai long x64 phia sw fa 3km (theo the t@) eich phia thyeng hry Thm xiy dung b2 chia diGu vit, Vat liga King sng 6 thinh phn 6 hat et al ling v6 think phiin cit soi mim ten di ade diy sing, di we dre sy dl ting theo mat eit Ma hinh det ten caw di 42m, chit dere xiy dime d& nghign Cou wh Kha nding ning mye nuvi thuveng few Bo liu hrgng nude sit dung dip trin tam giie, do Ot munée & dip trin bling thute dé ei din gidy 6 ly va kim do. Do chénh cw mue mde hiiky may do cao di lién he voi mot mie chun duy abit., Wan te do bing dung-cu Plugee 66 bang lap sin 2. Nhigm sw vd koV quad nghién cttw cia nnd hrinh trong giai doan ngan song Da va dp dp ira nam 1N2 vide dio kenh ber phai mei dat dén cao dG 32, khii LAS, dio den cuo db 21 v6! Khoi Irong Wing eng 2 Urigu chi duye phép dao trong + thang wong xip xi 1270 agin m?, theo th 60 ngin m?, Khoi luong con Iai tren 5 Nam 1982, du kigin sé 66 10 tin suit 10% qua song thu hyp, nén vige dio kénh trong thing 7, thing 8 va thing 9 phii tam nig, Nhigm vu ky thuat dat ra cho md hinh thé nghigm | 1 Xie dinh chinh xéc kh nang théo Iw lrgng khi ngin sOng, kénh chua hoanchinh. 2/ Xe din ché dd thiy Ive true va sau kénh vi cée phuwmg dn thay dBi tit dign cba kenb. 4s3 Thi nghi ia thiCL KE) hay bang phuong phap ti thay di bign phap lip sing theo phuung phap (oan dién ( “ Va kha mang thio nue eta Kenh, mite éu king nein sing duere vaw cui 192 dia ce thi nghigm nhim tim bign phip dim bio ngin sing dirire van cuit nam 1982 vi 6, ket cu cong tinh, ti hit hop IY whit, vi 1983 che chin phii lui tin do cng trink thom 1 nim nia Do vay, cde Ket quit nghicn cfu mo hinh sé eo ¥ nghia thye 1 quan trong. 3. KE qua nghién citu vit nhiing thay ddi chide KE tai hign ireong qua mo hiwh diy: tec Ain sing © the Bang nhigu gii dink tinh hung thi come va luw long den & thot glam on fie mhiin cde dE nghi thay Adi thigt KE sau ce nghién ctu Gq md hinh thiy Ie dk hop Iy va cho phép. ~ Chigu ring day kénh 6 exo dd 21 cin otm, a0 ohaw vii tim dip da dé xuding ha uu chuytn dich din iF hve do fi 460) nan a} = Tim kenh tir phia wen chi ta phia song 7m di gidm dire ki Thi han ngdn song hop Wy duwre xae dink vio dw thang 11983 Nein sng bing phuomg php thu hep tir hai bir thay cho phuong phip & tin tuyén Xe dink duoe ede ditu kign khi lip sing : trong trudng hop d2 quai thuwng fiw kénh cchira dio Ci, dé quai Kenh phia ha wu dE lait phin do khong fim kip, khdi lwong da kin, cue be téng phii chutin bj cho ngin sing. v.v Nhor nhiing ket qua i, Cdn trerdmg da quyét vim chi duo hodin thinh khii Iwomg vi da dén thang loi ve wang. Lip sing thinh cing vw ngdy 12/1/1983, hain iy do thing liéng, gian khis bigt bao. aghién eu Nely nay, khicéng trinh sp hodn th va binh thung. Nhung dit vi nhiing vin de Wy trig abu don gin Hay ghi vao diy mbame Kua abn cu 8 rit kink nghigm, BUVE khd wang thuio tw horny tng chdy trong glal doan lap sing qua kénh thi cong ‘ue hep, Vigo sie dink thiri han Kip sing vao dau thing W198% 66 ¥ nghia kinh 1 ky thudt q trong. = Vi khit nang thi cong kénh khong th? hodn thank sim hor, ~ Vitly Be trung trong the wan d6 liu hrong ding chiy dén Li be khing vee qué 1000 msec, Law hrong 1M GAS mY va 2 me ‘Trong thigt k¢, khi tinh toxin ngin sing vio thing 12 dng véri Gin suit 10%, ru heyng dang hay dén Ign hit c6 thE 6 Ki 1580 mis vi 1230 m5, ~ Cée tinh tod thi cing dixie nhin kha ning xir ly dip dap va xir ly kénh dim bio chéing 1a 1983, Vn dé con lai xéc dink ché dO dong chiy qua kénh khi ngan song la d® quyét dinh phiin nao cia kénh phai hodn thanh, phiin nao d lai duvye, Quit trinh co hep lng song, ché dé thiy le dim bién ra sao? . 46Tinh hinh thye 1 cho dén mita Id nim 1982 kénh méi ddio dén cao do 32, trong mia ii thing 7 va 8 toin kénh ngép muréc, inne kénh 6 dé quai fe6 dé quai & cao do M4. Cudi thing 9 nam d6 bit diu bom con d2 tiép tye do kénh, nhung thyc 18 xy ra fe Uke, mira vin titp tuc, bang két dé throng hu dap lin vao long kénh bang 44 ha hop chen Hn {1 phin cat soi, mre song thiim qua phiin nay qué Kin, d2 quai thugng liu dp bing cét m8 46 (hat min) Iwyng murde thiim vo kénb khong tinh duge. True 10, nhiing bii dé od min chira xiie et va lyi nip nhd nhitu y lon, Vige xk Iy thodt muse cye ky Kho khan, vi vio bi thu hep khong thé xib ly dive. Cac ma hinh di thi nghigm véi trudge hop Wi v4o cis kénh cin 61m va tham chi cdn 41m. nghiém vi cic hw Iwong dén 1580 m¥s cho thay v6i chiéw rong day kénh 61m, inh thurémg va phir horp vi thiét ké, dO chénh mite nurée throng 4 26m. Con khi kénh thu hep fi,cdn 4im 6 du vao, chéah Kat quit Jehé dd thay lure hic kip sing ha liu 6 tho# ditny hop long s lech mite muse bi 375m, Xem ser di khit nang thao nude cia kénh vi mire thu hyp khde nhau & etka vao (Hinh 2 - 14) * 6 # em . aim, * « ae oo aa KHA NANG THAO NUGC. CUA KENH Vi MUC BO THU HEP KHAC NHAU OCU vAO. Thue 1 dn thing 12/1982, mac diu tic dd thi cong di dat ky lye, cuvng d6 dio dip di dat 320 den 360 ngin m'Vthing. Kénh c6 thé hodn thanh dén cao dd:21, nung khong th do sach durve phim dé quai thuwng lu va ha liu. Loc nay cha c6 thigt bj dao sip nhy may xéc KoBe hay 3 2422 6 miy xe 92803 ghu diy va SKT—46 giu thugn. DS dite de ual thirmg liru C6 chd 6 cao da 24. Cie thi nghiém da phai thye hign d& xe dinh ché dO thiy Iwe khi Lip song & digu kiga de din bi¢n phap kip sing thé nao, d6 mé rong khe hep long bao nhiéu fa bop ly 2118. 7 {hi nghigm durge the hign tng quit teen cde sor dB 2-1-2, 2-1 hong cho murge tran qua, sau ken AUit ra Ka dit keh 66 mir rng, nhwr hiGt kE 87m cing khdng cOn gid i vt phi48 CA BAC Tie THUY LUC LAP SENG KH CHIEU RONG Nd! THY HEP KENH +408, WU LUBNG 700 MY BE quay trvtng his ve heli &? caods 450m Luts Mang quakénh 520% Lea ludeg thaen B0mY, SODO 2-1-2 (Xe bac TINH THOY LUE LAP Sone. Chidiiréng anh atom (ni thuep) Lut itn 800 mY Leds Weg hain 180%, Ca d2 qui daa don hét a” ca0d5 43.0 Bay kénhd’ea0 46 42.0m SO DO 2-1-3o i J 0 % UAN HE GIR CHENH LECH made NUE lz 5d 00 2-4-4 kv HEU ui Ute Ta Qs 645 7 Ghinghitms codequéy T-@= 9929} (thi“nghiéimyed da quay 9272 infos) cold quay a @ = 665%; cit focny 208 quay 0 — Q = 992; i aghibmdkhngesdé quay G45" (bi ghidy kingly gui ¢ 4. Cao ith day kénh Atom. ; 2 Caotrith dé qudy 0m 3. Chidis de &é quéy L= 80m, Bechitirng dy kéchy (2) vol CHU RONG THU MEP MOT PHAN BAY KENH KHI KHONG CO BE QUAY GH CHU . Baiy kénh trén ms bith dene dB 12.0m BB = 6tmi* BB = 41m t MNTL + Me nude thang lt 8d 00 2-4-5 7260 gee Luu luing'trongkénh_ Q my, KHA NANG THAO NUGC CUA KENH VI Me 86 THU Hite KAS NIA PHAN AU KERN CrHONG TNH BEN LIU LUNG 81 ~SO DO 2-1-6 x 7EL oN ao} Sas] ? $54 gol fg 5 Sad! ao Chidiiréing be ep, CAC BRe TINH THUY LUC KHi CHIEU RONG Noi THU HEP KENH SOM WA LUULUONG 850M, CAC BE QUAY BUST DON SACH Mat hae, trén co si thye dia, 6 kh nang dé quiy throng luru kenh phai d® tai dr cw 46 24, day kenh cdm sot lai nhigu: phiin dé & cao dO 22 va dau kénh bi thu hep. Cae chuygn gid’ da tinh kitm tra ly thuyét xée dink anh hudng cila dé quay & cao db 24,0 GH chgnb ech. mire nue hic hop long wi céc Iuu Iwong dic trung 992 mis va 645 nis, So di tinh ton,| | I V Tinh ank"hwéng cia d@ quiy Khi chitu rong déy Ken 12 Gt va hn Iicgng 992 Pi Cong thite &p dung : 7 wns SE | Q = gBhn . Vig(To-Fny ‘Vi cho ring dé quay nhw 1 dap tran dink rng, theo hinh dang. cda dé quiy My he 56 F = 09. Chiéu dai dé quay 80m. Céc ky higu xem sod, * | Chigu stu ngap hn cho trong hop nay. | hn = ( cao dO ha lu + Az) - cao dd dink dé quay, hn = (15,5 + 2,2) - 14 = 37m. 5 Xée dinh chénh Igeh mite nude qua dé quay Tong Ue nu vay xe dinh d@ chénh Iech cho trudng hyp thu hep dau kénh v6i B,= 4lm,-°, Q = 992 mis, Ar4l % = Ho-47 oor 2 = (areata) “0 2 Vi tring hop hu hong Q = 645 mis AVAL = Ho ~hn, 2 . Z = (88 _) anne J > (Gratieaa) <0m-n0 | Trong d6 bn = (144 4°28) - 14 = 295 | Anh huréng ciia de quay khi chiéu rong kénh 6im va hu lrgng 645 ms. CO: Apt = Ho -hn - ( 645 2 aaa) ee Dua cée ket qui hinh thay KEt qua thi nghigm m6 hinh o durdmg cong nim gitta 2-dudng cong tinh tain, ob phiin st | inh tod Ién bibu dB (scr dB 2-1-4) so sinh vi két qua thi nghigm mo gin nhau, eho phép két Iuans ~ DE lai 1 phiin dé quay thyong hu sé lam téng’chénh Itch mic awée & khe co hep > ~ Ket qua tinh todn va mo hinh,la phi hop a2 xéc dinh tip cdc didu kign khdc cia dong chiy. caer ve3-2, VO. chE dO dénig chy’ hi ira’ kénh & thoi kj ng sng DA va khi nang bdo ve de quiy ho méng ber irdi. : "Ce thé nghigm m0 hink dng v6i cée hw fxgng Q = 740 ms d&n 1100 mis, da xéc “dink dong van t6e dong nue sau kenh & céc trang thai dé quay ha hu chia don hét ~ Phin dé & FK ~10 mép phi cdn d® Lal’ cao do 32, xem hinh 3-2-1, 3-2-2, 3-2-3. ‘Voi trang that dong chdy, 6 vin tc & ving dé quay:ha hw 15 +2n/s. Khi lew long Q = 1100 ms da quyét dinh gia o6 da hn hop 1a bn dink, Phan cOn lai ca dudi kénh va dé quay ha uw phai durge nd min tei truce mita li 1983. Nh nude 1 s8 x61 tr6i kh6i hong nay. MAT BANG pene cHAy kui 0€'LAI mor] PHAN PEQUAY HA LUUC’CAO 86 45.0M Q= M00 my Hinh 3-2-1 ‘32MAT atin BENG Cred SAU eM vai PHAR 88 GUY come cHomEr OF LA Qa hom MKT BENG DONG CrAV TRONG SONG OCuA RAGIN KEN KH! CHUA PRA MET Of GU (OMEN AR ENE BE LUY LUDrAG ‘soot. Hin 3-2-333- Cde tht nghiém xde dinh bién phdp-ngan song Da dot F Ngan sOng Da 1A mot su kign Hich sir cha dit nurée ta. “BOI vi song Da 1a con séng hung han abat, bao nbléu truy@n thuyét th8 hign we mo cia con ngudi Viet Nam muGa tr} thy 6, Nhung rl eOng chi 1a wee mo. Nady nay khi thiét ké ngin song, cfc vigm nghién ciu thi€t ké Lign X0, Vigt Nam vb hing ngudi thue hign n6 da phai nghién citu bao ‘nhigu phuoag én. Mia dong nam 1982 rét vd cing. Ma pbin lon 6 cong trudng moi ngroi khong di quin o dm ching rét. Nhung trén cOng trinh sbi dong sust ngay dém. Tat cj d&u lo lng. Lo abst vin 1a lam thé nao lip sOng thing If. Ta Mocka dura sang phyong an lip sOng oan tuyén cling di dura vao m6 hinh khorig gian 1: 100 her sau : af Phucong dn shidt ke: Thu hep long song tai tuyén ngin sng durwe thye hign tir pha bir phai (\ite la tir cde tru da da dip giira long sng) nhim dOn nude sang ber trai dB ra sach nn et min cn lai, Truée 6 gla od cic & phn dip ida lng sing d® ching x61 mon bing di Kin hon 05m. Chigu rong tuyén thu hep long song ting v6i cae lu hyyng khéc nhaw chon theo tidu chukn dim hao Sn dink cia phiin dé dap e6 duong Kish dep = 20 + 30em, urong Ging véi te do dong chiy V = 28m/s, vi dO chénh edt mute tai tuyén medin sing Hi Om. ~ Thu hep long sing bit du khi bru trong dén 4000-m%s, Nhung do tinh kink thiy’ van thang 11, thing 12 6 ahirng 1a nbd dot wud, nem KO: hirrmy dip c6 dy trit them 30% ~ 6 tho hat du thu hep Wing song kenh thi cing chu lam vige. = True khi hat di kip sing 6 dw cia ban két kip sng gia et bing dit qua ei vi tan ea khoiing co hep d& dong thoi tren tuyén dé & giad doan 2. ~ Lip song trén ton tuyén nh chu phao trong tai Wn cée xe Bellay va Krav lai, tin tren thu hep tir 100m xuding Sm, ~ Phin thy hep long song dirge tiGa hanh theo trink tw thé gian 10 giim dint thing 11 don thing 12/1982, ting vi Q = AUN ms, BHM mois va 2oKOMYIS, > 0 gai doan du Khi ngin song dB di nti. ding thivi tren todn tytn 65m, dng vii bra wong tink ton P= 108%, Q = 1230 ms. Ba dap dén cu do 21m, khi di do chéah Koh COU muse ta an Ket apy Ging Ri O.Sm vis tie dd dr ding chay « Khe eo hep 3m 65m, dap bing da qui ei 6 trong 66 chigu Siw hon d2 to dye tra ~ Giai doan 2 ngan sing, cing ding thiri tren (oan tuy% none ST. Khi dip phai tang ewnghtds 4 dang ving, quite & phi én toin tuyén cb Trong thoi gian may nude chiy qua kémh, Tie do nine a khe co hep t idm va dd lién te da qua ci, més rong dign nuvie chiy trén tuyén dai dén 100m cao d6 nurbe thuyng hu sé 66 Ti 1%,Qué trink ngin sdng theo phuong phép todn tuyén va tren cde sor di: 33 1d6n3-3-5. ade Khoi lwong vat figu chun bi ngdn song dwoc tfah' tédn nbur'sau + W Giai doan tha hep | B& mt 727500 long sing Di qua co ST $00 cue Hi; Giat doan ngsn song D4 not 72500 m3, Q = 1230 ms Da qui co 1800 eve Tong cing Dé nil 240.000 m. Dé qua 2300 eve ne poem nee ed 2UORG Cone Quanne LU Lone én 0 Vii ue NUE HA STUYEN WGA Binns 35aie Tiss hat Can edt vao thiét kE ngin sing to’n tuyén, céng trudng di chun bi ~ Gia cong xong 10 pha, trong tai ciu pha 24 tin vi thigt KE nd thank clu dB agan sing, van chuyén tir thanh phd Nam Dinh lén Hoa Binh, = Tuy tinh todn v2 trén_mé hinh xée dinh agin sing hing dé qui o6, nhung ban chi doo cong trudng dé quyét dinh dic thém 1000 cue bé tng d2 thi xuding’& giai doan chot Tuy nhién, voi chénh Kech mite nude & tuyén ngin sing va vin We muse khi hop long kim, vige d2 cae xe Ui trong In dd true tiép trén ph’ xuding lai phai quay ngang pha, d Iai nhigu faghi ngor va tinh tai khong an toin nén kh dim bio duce te dO ngan song. Thoi ky nay dign bign thy vin e6 chitu thudn loi ru twong déu gidm c6 kh nang dé ngdy lip-sOng khong qué 800 mis, Cong tridmg quyét dink nghién citu bign phép agin song én dn tir hai phia b/ Thi nghigm mo | Cor sé d& lap bién phap ngan song bing chi s& thy Ive trong qué trinh lip sing. rh thiiy Ire dé ngan song bing phuremg phap tn dan ich dB dG kin din la phi xéc dinh sw thay dBi Sw thay dBi céc chi sii thiy lye trong khe lip sng va trong kénh phy thude vio qué trink thu hep ban két lip song va vt liQu ngin song, Mo hinb héa qué trinh ngan song véi luu Iwgng trong séng li 850 m/s. DE phi hop voi thye t€ va quan sét qué tinh tao thank ban két lip séng cing hw trang thai cha cée 64 qué © va dé ni Khi Ip roi xuding dong chdy da sir dung céc-dé qué co vA d4 mil khi Idp roi xuGng dong chiy da sir dung dé dam nhd, thank phin cf hat duoc m6 hinh hoa theo ty Ie so Voi dé mii ngodi thye 1 66 kich ed 10-15cm. Dé dim duvge ry Vi trdn theo thanh phn phi hop véi thye té Khi b&t dau ngan song, lu long trong song lén 161 800mYs va dong thiri tiga hanh cong vigc mé rong phin dau kénb, thi nghiém dé tign hank t6i lw lrgng 850 m¥s, chitu rong kénh bi thu hep 18 50m, cdc dé quay doc don hét 56.TT eho, Nyt Yl AE Seats se Pay Tye rs ene, See TE Can 8 cripnivkt Ubu Tone aux Tain AP, 4 Col dé quiy duce don hit Chi rng ts hag Kine Om Lake tng AO 1 Be guy taeg vo ho ha cords om eign teh mom Lt bag 7Thye 1 kénh ngay dd di dio dn cao do 21, mot sii noi eon thijp hom, song trén md hink vin d® day kénh ¢ cao dé 22 vi cho ring 1 sii mi dé cin lai vir dit dé eda dé quiy bi-d6 66 kha nang anh hung dén khi ning théo muvie eda kénh, Tron sor di thé hig quan hé cde dae tinh thoy lire trong quan Vi chi Trong tririmng hop my «la ket Iudn li chénh Ie Van te Lin nhac trong Khe kip V = 4.Smis. Con vin te noi ken thu hep 2.6m. Larw lung thim qua ban két li 140 ms, u rong ciia khe Kip. hme nurse Khi Kip xong khing virot quis 2m, Ban két Lip song voi chigu rong bE mat 6m, yeu cau Khoi lung vit ligu gin 8S nein m3, Nem bitu ds Trong qué trink nghién citu kip song da xem xét trang thai ea vat ligu, da mii va da qua ev bat sing. Cae thi im cone da tiém hank voi Meu rome 700 mis, SO mis, visi ede dig kien de quiy thuryng lu 6 cao dé 24 phin dau kénh khong dé gt vit edn dtm, Chénh Keech mire mewe tureng tin mt 03m, Vi WE tu Tung 700 ms dn 275m, vei lew fern SOO 0 1Ge Lai ban ket lip song tewng dng wei ee lw Herne en la 4 vit Trong tit ci eae Lrrimg herp, vin te tai bi Ket ip sm dat 64 cr} sO len nha khi chigu. Fong ip séimg Ki 2m, si dé vin te giim din, van Ge doan kéenh thy hep Khong virot qua ams. lien bait b Vat Ligu a2 kip sin oo 60 trong ta 5 ta, a qui The nghiim ve che dd thi dee & ha lew wong qua wink agan song DE Tam sine ti eae Udy kign thay Lye 6 vie dit 6 phav Lip song. eting ahur cic Khit Sm, 10m, 18m di sie dinh van ie Kin Abst Khi ew long + SKI mes (trong trun berp bit loi mbit ki hie Lip séng B= 20-m) va eine dink vi Loder tie ayn Kip, van te am i bi hi 69 su mdr ring & eh’ Jom vie eda loi dap duce dip bing héw hop cit s6i 6 diy quo ra su ve Lin Wi aki mad ir vitng King tru thuomg liu vi foi dap, & cic Uuyén cach tuydn Lip. sing, con mot nda, 2.6 ms). THs may durwe gilt & khong cweh urome di Va vie chi th chuytn ding edi, sody vat Khong dn dinh, Vind rang G7 van We’ may cat SAF eG hat ahs erm am Tomm bi x0i Ver hoor tren mi hin saw khi thdo mre da dink dye cao do i -21 va 22m. Caing, phit hop soi thi nghigm trurde day & vign HUC Ghi-Dro=Promek (Mockva) Thi nehicm trén mi hinh thang 121982 di dua déw KEL tudn quan trong li © wu trong den ets song Khodng 8-80 ms tong trae hyp dé quay thureng ku ea kenh caw div 23, day kenh don such dia eae do 22, bE rng thu hep 4m, khi kip sag cehénh Keech mnie mui khong vot qui 3m \3 uuoME bop Ady ra bit loi mht hie khe eo hep Lip sding cin 20m, vin We nue 33 ms 2+ Lap sing ding dink theo. bibu dé. 4 qui eg P = ST. Di dim bio. Khoi luong vat ligu Kip sing duoc xie 3- Ban chi dao da xéc dinh ngay lip song la ngiy 12/1/1983. Tha song 12/1/1983 uw trong muse dén cia sing Ba chi cin 650 ms, thuain loi, ngiy lip 38, : Sau khi nghién cifu thanh cong phuong 4n ngan song Da, md hinh thiy lyc cia cong trudng. 44 chiing minh kha nang thyc tién to Kin cla n6. Hang loat dé (i va gidi phép ch6ng 10. ep tue da duoc thf nghigm, gidp cho céng ung hodn think nbiéu ahigm vy quan thong, °1 = Nghién ctu ché dé thiy lie trong kénh va lap bign phép dira tau hit I6n chng t99m°bO cu pha vé ha hrw an toan, ~ Nehién ctu cde ché do dang chay UB chéing 18 trong cde mba Ii 1983 dén 1986 trurée Khi ngin kénh, va d@ ra céc gidi phép thi cOng dip an toan, : = Nghien citu bign phép ngin song Fin thi 2 (ngan kenh 1986). ~ Nghién ciru cée trang théi bién dang tng song & ha ru khi thay dBi cde Hinh thé 'cia cong trinh va lap ra bign phép chding x6i ker & ha du. ~~ Mé-hinh thiy lye edn nghién cifu nhigu trang thai khdc nhaw'eda dong chay khi thay abi t cliu cong tinh, Khi xA 10 qua dip tran tam tren Ken, khi lOng kenh b} thu hep,,Khi dong tuy nen chulin bj cho chay may Vw. Ce KEL quit nghitn citu da e6 dO chinh xc cao va vach ra duge cae didu kign U2 lap bign phip thi cing va thay dBi mét sé ket cdu cing trinh phi hop véi tink hink thye t& tren co sé d6 hliw hot cic thigh ké 1 chie thi cdng phn lin thigt ké KEL cdiu dp va ch6ng chim da due kip tai Hoa Bin, phye vu kip thai cho xay dung, Cc ket qui nghién citu chi you dB-dip dap, ching W sé dave doi chiéu trong phiin gist thigu ede gai doan thi c6ng tip.Phan I THI CONG DAP ° Chuong I DAN DONG THI CONG, XU LY DONG CHAY VA NGAN SONG Do song Da cb eft tg0 dia chét phitc tap, ché dO thiy van cb kh ming de doa lon dén} ‘sy an toan & hg hru, Cho nén qué trinh d4p dp, din dong thi cOng,'xi I hang nm phai tuan} theo quy trinh hét site chat ché va dim bao chat Iwong tuygt d6i & ting giai doan. Toan bd céc cong trink chiu 4p lye née va théo muée luOn Iudn phi hodn thank truréc| WW theo mite 4) hoan thinh dép dap. Cuong do thi cdng chéng 1G hing nim d6i voi cOng| frirdng trong hing nim xdy dung 1980 dén 1989 ludn ludn & dinh cao va dirge nghigm thu chat ché tre tiép hose chitng kiéa cha Hoi dng nghigm thu Nha nuée. 1/ Thi cOng cée cOng trinh Din ding : 1.1) Trinh ty xy dyng céc cdng trinh din dong thi cong da duge thyc hign phi hop vor ché 9 thiy van tinh ton hang nim nhw sau: | ~~ Dae tinh thly vin Chénh Thoi —- Tech qr| gian Hinh thite din ding Tan suit | "1 Lyng | mire 8 aaa Maa | Train |) mb P=% 2m) 1[ 2 3 4 5 6 7 1980 La a oat | Qua long song ty chien Kiet 0 | 200 1982 | XA luu lugng theo long song da , by thu hep do dp 2 bing kee | | dip ta ber phat qua, Lis |] 1 | 1490 | 3 | Dign tich thu hep @ cdn = a Kiel]. 10 | 200 | og : | ‘Osét = 06 +07 we: esl” La1 2 3 4 5 6 7 3 | Thang 1 = 1983 | Ngan song Da Kit 10 | 1880 | 46 Nuréc chy qua kénh tht | Ost duge cong. 4 | Thang 5-83 dén | XA lu lugng qua kénh La 10 | 14690 | 95 hat 1985 | thi cong Kiet 10 | 2040 | 23 5 | Thang 1-86 dén | La Thue 1 1983 Qsit dye 14200 | 74 thing 5-86 | Dan nude qua I tuy nen | Kigt 10 | ‘120 | 82 Thi cong s6 N-2 Kiet 10 | 1600 | 142 6 | Thing 1-1986 | Ngan kénh thi cong Kiet 2 | 1100 | 67 7 | Thing 5+11-86 | X4 Q qua 2 tuy nen Lo 18600 | 23,7 TUE quan sét doe 1300 | 230 8 | Two6-87 din | Xi © qua 2 Wy nen La 02 | 2300 | 546 | |théng thing 9-87| T.C. va céc cika xi dat 18600 |. 50 ‘ Thang 12-1987 | V56 tran van han | ong tuy nen thi cong | 1 9 | Thang 5-88 dén | XQ qua ¢ wy nen T.C. La 02 | 23400 | 679 thing 9-88 | va eira xa diy dip tein 18600 | 652 Quan sit dave 11000 10 | Tir thang 10-88 | Ngan tuy nen thi cong d€n thang 12-88 | 6 2 va tich murie hd En cao db 82 dB chay may I 11 | Ta 12-88 dém | Q xd qua cika xi day 10-89 | dap tran va 13 may 1 lam vite. . | 12) Ti1l-89 | Xa Q qua 213 may va tran van hah, 13 | Thing 6 nim | Dap dip dén cao d6 123 1990 (thiét K€), La xd qua dap tran va cfc 18 may. on ~ Kénh thi cdng ber phil = Hai durémg him thi cng ~ Dap tran tam bing be tong trén kénh = Cée d@ quai & cika vao va cita ra tuynen thi cong, = DE quay & cika nhan nue 1.2) Khdi hong thi cng céc cong tink dé ddn dong bao gdm : phn trong cng trinh chfah, chi cé 2 doan ra cha tuynen thi cong s6 1 va sf 2 duoc sik dung j Sau khi hodn thanh tig giai doan, céc cng trink nay du di durgc phd bé hode dB lal 1 | Jam tuynen xa eda t may 1 va 2. aBang ké kndI heong ede cong trink din dong. Dip train & Kénh thi | tam & | uocg, ne cs aa ‘Tén cong vige Don vi | cong & | kénh ¥32] oO | ay ate LF | whe | cing | 956 02 93 din V25 ad 1 | Dao dit dé ngim, hi 10m | 2288 = a0 2 | Dip ait as nt : voor | 3 | De qual cic loai a 12 30 | 202 | 4 | Be tng cdt thep a R 32 ork | 57628 5. | Kphun XM G.co 103 md (2380, thép 6 | Lap két edu kim loai va 112867 thigt bi thay Ive T ts00" | 2000 7 | Gia c& BU lus thép 103 me | 16,00 52785 8 | Cuc be tong va di qua ec | eyes | 1130 | “i6i” adn 0 | : | 3 9 iy dung” | tet9so | retoa6 | xt-1979 | i-1982 : | _viss_| vicioao | v-t0s6 | v-1986 De quiy w cia nhin mnde duve tinh toan Je jae ERO hO mong, cho dinla nim 1987. Dy dinh cho x4. ngip trong ta 1987. Nhung do mite ck) hoan thanh A chay méy cin kéo dai de gitr dye qua ed 10 1988. Do vay phat tn dé quai len VOI 6 khéi hrgmg kha kin va truce Ki chay may phii dao di 1-3-Két cffu didn hink mée s6 cong trink phy @ dan dong thi cong Trén eée hinh sau thé hign mat cét va bé tri mat bang ditn hinh cia cée cong trinh din dong qua cée thoi Ky. ~ Kenh thi cdng & tho ki Kip sng va ngin kénh (1983 va 1986-87). ean Dane Bam dln mu th cOng 6 32 va eta wo, Phin my én mim 1987 da at mh oan ton trong nu. ~ Két cd ce de quai va bang ket lip song. | Mat ct’ doc tuynen thi cong | 2Mav bang kénh 1h cong va dlp nam 1983-1985 Geet |iS Che mat edt thay ABE 208 A ng He 1987 19RS Hirtang dn cctisis Term ting | udip fad | “ite IE i XN Fetom Pes-00thio In 1986 Mit ct agp 0 ving kénh thi céng trong gial dean “eat, BraET HNP aqua Beam) A aeons panic oD Diamant cen ng oe seg f= — eeeientBankai tha de a gia Mat bling dé quai cita nhgn mide + | 2 sles + [100chigpdaiem) sha lao ngain 8 t Khai kang d ais Pi im hay nen Ni ee Pavcimtiynen ———— Por bie dui toy 14+ TO chite thec hién tiém d0 cée Ong’ trinh ddn dong : a Tuynen thi cong Dui day 1 bitu dd thye hin khdi lwong qua céc nam, theo thyre té co CB ei Chit dal ph ven dim V4 Te BIBU PS THUC Hien eed a0 NGAM TUY NEN 500 —e—am dai phan / 584 VA 582, 400 00 100 Pes be diay rnen Nt on Hz8) 86 TRI THIET B-THI CONG CHO TUNG CONG TRINH DAN DONG VA NANG SUAT DAT DUGC. Dip , Kénh | tran 2 Tran Ten thiét bj va chi tidu dat | -, teong | tam | tuynen str duoc PM | cao do] ten | ti | SR | OM oe Ww kénh | cong v32 1 | May xéc 3Kr —4,6 m? cai 6 - 3 6 Ie cao 2 | May xic32503 va 312525 ci 2 2 2 |. ditm 3 | Ord w dd Belaz 277 cai ! 2 2 Kpaz 256 127 ai | 25 8 | 20 MA 3-503 ai | is | w | 7 | ow 4 | Can true trong ti 40T cai 6 8 7 6 Cin trye trong tai 2ST ft 0 0 ' 2 | KOBE | C&ri tryc trong tai 10T cai 2 | 2 3 6 hoae 5 | May Khoan CBU —200 3.| 3 2 6 3K250 6 | loai khoan « 105 5 3 3 S| ygkest 6 | May khoan him C5Y-2K cai 35 16 wo KC216ly| 7. | May bom bé tang loai | 4 AMBY —1 va 2 . a) May bom , nhit PY-31 He) 8 | Can tre thip KETC — 450 1 3 | Bo ue 9 | Ui T 130, Fiat, 250 ci | 15 6 | 13 | cara Nang suat ra TC. 10 | Dao vom him mithg | - ma} - 11 | Bao tng dns mithg | ~ 5060 | 12 | BB B- vom ,hiint mithg wt | 13 | DB B-urdng him mithg 0 | 14 | DS B-day mithe 150, 15 | Phun xi ming gia od mithg F 300 | 420 16.| Xte di 3KT — 4,6 myth | 56000 34000 17 | Vichuytn dat dé: Belaz mith | 7000 5900 Kpar mth | 4000 1900 | 3800 €~ Ce bien phap thi cong chink ~ Dao Kénh bing phwong phép khoan nd min, ding cic may khoan CBY-100, HKP,SMK-4 va may khoan kim CBU -200 c6 duémg kinh 1S khoan = 230 + 210mm khoan ting sau 5 410m lui khoan 4+ 6m, Chi phi thude nd min 04 + 0,9 kgim* dé, nd toi, ding méy xtc 3KP 46m? va 32503 xtc Ién 6 t6 Benlaz dé bal thai hodc dip dap cy ly 1 + 1,5km. Dé 6 ing suft cao vige khoan nd_ phil kitm tra chat ché, md theo bai va don sach, khOng d® dé mim, Thuc hién theo phuong phép cudn chi€u. 68= Dao him thi cng c6 dung kink 12m dat 740m chia Rath 2 fing, Ging vom cao 6m, Dao tar 2/diu vao va him phy [1B tir gig ra, bing cée may khoan ty hanh CBY-2M, CBY2K 6 durdmg kfoh 15 khoan'd = 32mm, chigu stu khoan t6i da 2,7 + 3,7m, md theo gwong, chi | pht thud min 0,9 + 1,2 kg/m?, Méi chu kj khoan nd bc xéc, gla oO anke mét tir 6 + 12 ca. Trang binh dat 24mvthing. é Dd bé tng vs him 6 chigu day 1+ 1.5m: C6 T dén 2 Ksp o6t thép bang phurong phép eSp pha tron bd di dong trén ray, do cng trudng thiét ké, mbt dot dai, 6m, Chan cSp pha c6 anh xe lan tren ray cb dinh, hai cémh dieu chinh duge. Lap o6t thep r8i trong cbip pha, d& he tng bing may bom ACTS Y, o6 dp lye khi nén 5 + 6 atm. Be tong c6 dé sut tir 12 + 20, 4 dam hd Khong ia hon 40 ly, chi phi xi mang 520 + 560 kg/m? be tong c6 tron phy gia CAB hove KTD-2 sin xudt tai nha méy gidy Hoa Binh, & Gia 6 mai kénh Toan bd mai kénh tir cao do 21 dn cao d6 41 phia dip dé dd direc dd bé tong 1 lop cbt tho 18 + 22,a = Wem, sau khi ngiin kénh tho b} di, BE tong cét thép lip va 48 tal chd. Thi cOng bing thi cong 1a chi yéu ding cin true chuyén bé tng trén mai dée. DO sut hinh cin iia be tong 2+ 4cm, xem anh 7 Dudi ken do 66 tde-d0 nurse xody kin, d® bio. v@-chin dap, da gia 05 bing céc cue be 1-127, xép lip va giting néo vGi nhau bing soi cép thép = 18 + 22 va Ip tren siting lui thep 16, a = 20cm ; sau do dd bé tng tram hét khe her. Xem nh :2--Xik W dong chdy la trong thoi ky ddp dap: Can cit vao bitu dd tng hop dedi day the ‘ign k&t qua thi nghigm ché dO dong chiy sau khi ngan song Da (1-1983), cho dén khi nngin cfc tuynen thi cing, vige théo Ia cde nam dé durge thye hign nhwr sau : ~ Nam 1983-1985, Théo 1d qua kénh thi céng Nam 1986, Théo I qua 2 tuynen thi cOng va dap tran tam tren kénh & cao dO 42, Nam 1987 xd 10 qua 2 tuynen thi cong va cika xa day dap trin vén hanh 6 cao d6 66. Nam 1988 xa 1d qua I tuynen thi cOng va IS x4 day iia dap tran van hank, vv PHUONG AN THO LT 1983, 1994, 1905, 986, 1987, 1998. vol su 57 DUNG KENH THI CONG 11,0, DAP XAY Dd 925.0, 1 VAZTUNEN,, 1200 xa" SA TRAN VAN HANH . 0= Trong qué trink dip dap xa 1a, vige xir ly dong chiy phy thude vio nhi8u yéu 1. Nhung y€u t va mye dich quan trong nhat [a ludn luda dim bio khOng d® 1d ph hoai nhieng pin Ga xy dyng. DBng thoi dim bio (6c dd dfp dap cao nhft dE nim 1988 dbp phal dp dén cao dO 100 va ding nmurde hi len cao dO 92-96 va chay durgc 0 may 1. Trong nhieu trirong hop xir ly c6 the rit kink nghiém cho cée cng trinh sau, cin thing ke hing trudng hep dic biet phitc tap sau : 1/ Xr Iy ving 44 tang nim trong 131 dap dirét dé qual cia kenh thi cong Ving nay 1a nol hep aft cia Wong song. Khi dio kéah dip d® quai cba kénh n6 nim stu nnén khOng th? lam sach duoc. Tham chi trong qué trink dao ni, dé lin xuding nim tép trung tai diy. Vi vay vie ching thim d@ quai dé’ dio kénh da kh6 khan, Nhung sau khi lip sdng Bi bude phai xi IY don sach d8 dp loi sét len trén khu vye nay. Mudin thé phai thu hep Wing kénh & chd u6n cong nay. Dong chiy khi thu hep ing v6i tin suit 10% én dén 16m/s, Do d6 dé phai xiy dyng 1 tuong bé tng lam dé quay. Lam duge tog be tong trong mute chay 18 1 KY cOng. Thoi glan xk Iy lat chi cho phép trong 1 mia kho. Bien phap da durge thy hign nbur sau = Dp ke dB hudng dong chdy sang mot nike kénh, vat ligu dp 14 cue bé tong lip sdng, 46, dd be tong trong nude. = Can don hét 6 tdng cba tirag ving nhd, bom bin, dd be tdng phi nn trong nurse, = Saw khi agin durge phin nuréc chay x6i tir throng ha dk? quai doc, don sach hd mong timg ving va dd bé (Ong trong murée phi len mat di. ~ Phin cui cing nim Uép glép v6 kbOl cét s6i da dp cia dap chin lal bang cp pha, chi 4 be tong phi trén Bn dé cba lol dap. Phin cét s6i dire dép tra al. ~ Toan bd dé qual bé tOng trong mrée dén cao do 25 dB lal, sau khi ngdn Kénh da xi ly. 2/ Traréng hgp 10 ve sém di phé hiy 1 phim dp trae tam & cao a 42 Sau Ki ngén kénh thi cOng vio 81.1986, d2 xi 16, kénh ph&l don sgch dB bé tOng nn phin 4p ving li dap, d4p kénh lén cao do 35, lam dap tran tam he hiru kénh, dink dap & cao do 42, La tinh toin 1%. (Xem hinh, Mat cft doc tim kénh 1 1986) Kbdi hong bé tng dip trin tam 32000 m? da durgc thi cong trong hon 2 thang. Dn 1/5 la bat dau tran qua. Do moi dd be tong chia di 1 tun, 10 v6i hru rong 5300 mis Ba boc hhdn 1 géc va 1/2 ing trén dinh tran c6 chiéu cao 2.5m, Vite xi Iy dap da gidi quyét kh’in trong trong ving 1 thing. Bign phap xk ly: = Khoan néo vao thinh dé bo phi cic an ke c6 dO sdu 2,5-3,5m. Chan dong murée cho chiy vao céc 15 & cao dd 35. ToAn b} mat tran khoan néo an ke xuGng’ ting duéi chitu séu 1,2-1,5m. Khodng céch 40-60em, n= Lp thép lw6i, dB bé tong méc 400 c6 phy gia ninh két nhanh, = Lita sau d6 vao thing 7 la lén nhat xp xi tin suit 10% da dén va eOng trinh an toan, Bion ge ‘naman “Fp ap pe Bry 7 Se6L WYN OT NAG ONWEL NBIH HED WILL O3H1 900 LyO Ly R£50 pho qua _ enh trcing SO_DS CHAN s6NG Cue bé téng 6 mat chSp cut mee 32a aah »\ gatquan sét A 380A ai’ganvam D4 d>15m_ od méc thép3/ Nein sOng DA va agin kenh thi cdng Thing 1/1983 da tién hanh ngén song Da va théng 1/1986 da ngin Kénh thi céng chuyn ding chay qua tuynen thi céng va dap tran van hank, 3.1 TO chute thi cong ngan song Da al BO tri mat bang vd chudn bj cho ngan song. én cudi théng 12/1982. Kénh thi cong bor pha, céc try dé di d4p ln ra sng, clu phao sau khi ding d2 van chuyn dé qué o6, cuc bé tong sang bai tr ¢ trén bang két thyong hu, ia ling try dé dip gia giai doan I da duoc chuyén Ién dau kénh bor phai. BO tri toan bd mat bing chun bj cho lip song Da duge trinh bay & bin sor d3 trén, (Trang 73) Che kh6i long da chun bj bad gdm : ~ Cue bé tng 6 mst ch6p cut 12T, 1800 eye, trong dé da van chuyn ra bai (r6 800 cue. = Da qua co d>1,5m, 66 moc thép(xem hinh vé 73) da vanchuytn ra bai tr 1500 eye, Van chuyn cuc be tong bing xe belag - 540, mdi xe chér 2 eye bé tong, vin chuytn dé qué e bing xe Belaz hode xe Kpaz, diva ra bai tap kéttrén Hing tru di dp det du cao dd 35 qua ci phao 200T, clu ha xuing bing cin tryc 16 va 25T. Cau phao due ghép bing 6 c4i phi Lim 3 nhip, néi vii nhau bing khop mim, two thank 2 lan xe, dat & dui tuyén lip sdng. : . Pha lam vige truge giai doan lip sng c6 van te nude tir 1-3,4m/s ‘Trude Khi ngin song phi dure chuytn qua dau kénh bi phai d® van chuyén dé ir bo phai sang thay thé cho dé quai thyung lwu kénh bi pha ba. Khoi hong da tra chuain bi cho lip song trén m6 da md t Séthigt bi, may thi cOng chun bi phyc vy lip song c6 May xic3KI 416 6 cai May xic32503 2 cai Cn trye 16 + 257 6 efi May ti T-250 (250 CV) 6 cai May ait phi-it (130 CV) 4 cai 6 1a Belaz (271) 25 chi 6 10 Kpaz 256 (121) 15 ci Ca no 135 CV 2 efi Toan bd he thong anh sing, low dai, va tuyén dign, b} dim, dign thoal dim bio chi buy tai hd lign tue va lién he trite tiép voi Ha Noi, dirge chun bj chu dio. Céc bal quan sét duroe chutin bi dén 10 van nguoi ching kién. L8 dai cho khach ciia chinh pho va nude ngodi dure bi tri hop I va trang trong. bY Trinh te ngan sdng Phuong n agin sing gin sOng trén toan (uygn, Theo tink toan thiy luc, long s6ng duc thu hep tir phia ber phai khi hu lugng s6ng cdn 4000 mis cho dn cudi théng 12 vét ktru lang tinh toén 1580 m°/s, b& rong co hep dB Ifp song’ con 72m. ln ti hai bor di durge thye hign thay cho phurong sn thidt ké 14E # 3 2 x a fos 5 | z 8 aol g 7 t ~ : 6 Fl me] 0 ws} e 6. ‘2 10 | wo} 122] wo} wo] 4 | os] of se} bo w. mf te 60] fay] eo 10] s00] aod» ef 400] QUAN HE CXC YEU 78 8,2, v,H (er) wh Voi THOT GIAN CHAN. SONG." fem ee De DaeNalin sdng,trong gidi hen 72m, dirye chia lam $ giai doan. Va luru lngng tioh ton nhd hon 1230 ms, (Xem so dB fth® hign quan he céc yéu t6 thily tye khi ngiin sOng trorg75). Thue 1€ thei gian ngin sOng du thing 1.1983, lu hongdén chi-xip xi 700 m¥s. Khi bat dau ngén song & giai doan 1, hia lwrgng ‘chiy qua ngutg co hep chi c6 607 mis Trinh tw ngin song due thyc hign theo bing thing ké dudi day : Che yu 6 thy Wwe] Oh pi ati ip] thre do (10? dn?) ™ Giai doan - revere cad Ght cha ova tens} O% newone |, | D4 iced Saeiy ja ken] 8 Tau of 1Sie sia Nsong aut ca] (OPE 1 | 2 3 ats 6 7 8 r ° o= a7 C6 dip thip Tet | Ravi | ms 150 m/gicr tr én 3 ms | v = 125 mis ba pha kéo dai tories | va bat | B= om 5 thoi gian de? - | dau Rept 10240 | am chinh qua enh va pha de : enh quai = Phi dé quay Hi 0 = 46 Caring d6 dip Tir Oh ms a 300 mh En 18h . dip da qua ver ays | 037 osz3 gay 11/1 M95 | 0372 7 0152 | 052/13 | a sien be ting | tir 2 br - 50 | mh i, Garimg do dip én 22h mis 6 500 ms, ngiy | Q=282 | V = sms Dip dé qui co riainges | mys | B= 23m | MF] OMB | 0.52 | OTT ae tong H = 125m ir hai bo 145 z= 09 mls 16hon” Q=401 | O = 166 Cong dd 4p ms mys 4 420 mf v=371 | V = 465 mis e 46 dud 08 va bac ms 135 | 0054 | 0,688 | 13/3 | cuc bé tong dd 1983. tir 2 phia 250 mh ry | o=409 | = 176 ttn | ms ms TB chic 18 ngin Biscay (ena |e goats [OOS | Oe | SRR sing, 12/1/1983 | m/s | 4194 Téc do tién —} x0 0,606 1,942 | 11 ngay | 1,8m/h & ban két EI wa | 30 | S00 | 263h 70 chuyén xe | hdr vt ligurh E © cuGi giai doan 1 dé quiy thuong wu va ha luw durge pha d thong mire qua ken. DE quay thong lu dirge phé bo bing nd min toi va khoi thong mbir may xe giv quang | tren 32508. Dé quay nay co két cu dat va edt min nim tren dé be. u Kndl_néthuc hign ngdy 6-1-1988 eePHUONG AN I, II, III, IV Cie. PHUONG AN THAD D0" DE QUAI THUONG LUUip dure khoan va. dio h8 nap min theo he théing hio. ‘quay ha lw bing da va di dé 322'a ‘thi cdg, Phin teén ca Ue Gully tWF'ea0 (5 nap min bang may Xie Qi sip 30% En cao dG 25 di duvge xe bd truse ”Hao nap min of chigu sau 4m chay trén tuy€n dai 60m khél Iirgng thudc min nap 67 tin ; nd ving. Sau d6 nha site mde xbi di Kh6i nd durge thye hitn thanh cing ngly 6/1/1983 (Xem nh trang '77) E&p sdng Da cic dot cust vio ngly 11 va 12/1/1983 bang phwrong phép ln tir 2 ben, 4, be tng van chuyn dén tir bal tri, d® xubing mép va ding ii 19T-250 dy xu6ng khe hop long (Xem hai Anh trang 79). chan. xét v8 kG thudt ngdn song Vite xée dink thei han ngin séng vao thing’ la ching dfn, phi hop voi digu kign thoi tit Vigt Nam, phan bé hep ly dirgc khdi hrong cdng viée truréc va sau khi lip sOng, Cc thiét ké cla Thc ba, Hda Binh, Tri An dua ra thoi han ngin séng cui qui 4 d&u khong thyc hign duoc va da chuytn sang quy 1 nim sau, = Tinh toan thiy lye va két qua thi nghigm: md hink thiy Ie d& xéc dinh bign phip x61 ria eft bi boy trdi trong qué trinh thu hep long sdng ti mét bign phép dat higu qué cao. iée Udi bign phap ngin sOng lin din thay ‘cong tring va thyc hign la bign ~~ Tuy c& tinh ton. va thi aghi¢m md hinh xéc dinh & lw Iwong khi ngin song dén 1230 ms cing chi ding di qui cé dén ST. Nhung ban chi dao cong trudmg quyét dinh cho dic 1800 cuc bé tang dé ngin sing la qué thira, Thue t@ khi ngin song chi co dB ra tuyén SOO cyc bé ting, 364 vien di - Kinh nghiém ngan sing & Théc Ba 1970, Hda Binh 1983, Tri an 1986 didu ki¢n ngan séng. thyc’té nhd hon rit nhigu so voi tinh toan, Do vay dé dim bao digu kign kinh t€ trén.céc song Ién khi xéy dung céng trinh 16t mbit phai thi nghigm qua md hinh thily lye long din mém, dé xac dinh bin phap chinh xac. 3-270 chite ngan kénh thi cdng 81111986 : Sau khi ngin song Da thang loi, tir du nim 1983 dén cudi nam 1985, cdc cing trinh di duge thi cong chulin bi d@ ngin kénh gim : = Dio 2 tuynen din dang thi cing = NO phd 6 mong dip tran tir cao d6 174 dén cao d6 06 va die nue dén cao 46). ~ Xih ly nBn dap duoi déy sing va ‘d4p dap tir cao dd -15 d&én cao 46°60 va tign hanh | khoan phyt dot 1. . | = Hodn thanh thi cOng (wong phin dang, ka vio vA etka ra tuynen tht cong. Dao hé mong san tigu nang. — Hon think cée cong trinh va chéing 10 thing loi céie mami 1983, 1984, 1985 dng wi che lu lwong dén trén 11000 mys, ‘Thang 1/1986 tin hanh ngin kénh thi cdng, tho nuée qua tuynen thi cng, chulin bj cng trinh dén |i 1986, xa Ii qua phan dap da dip dé trén kénh va dap tran tam phia he hvu. ‘Cong trudmg khéng hoan thanh duc cd hai tuynen thi cong truce khi ngin kénh, nén khi | ngiin. kénh nue chi chiy a 1 tyne 6 2 c6 dwémg kinh 12m, cdn tuynen s6 1 dén treée 1a moi ste dung. | cho phurong php toan tuyén da diye nghien tht sw an (oan va tigt Kigm, 80jou cho ng: Khdi tong dé qudy dd dio 1 A Bign php £8 chite thi céng chudn bj Lip kenh = .Két thc mia 10 1985, 44 tién hanh d4p lin kénh tir 2 pif, trén phitn chugng hvu, sa6t Phitu dai 350m, dé hdn hop dB tir cao dé 35, In kénh ve phia phil, sau 40 ngly, dn 31/12/1965 on lai Khe thot nue ring (rung binh 45m. Khoi lwong di dp 150.109 m’, ~ Duong him thi cong si 2 durye thi eding hoan chink, lfp dav xong ch 2 cika-van' érttiwgng: “fhrw thir khd 3 Fan an todn, Mp xong cits van phao Jha lew tuynen 36 1. = Tia hanh dio dé quai d? ha thép cao do & cd dé throng hu va ho lu. DE quai churgng hvu cé két cfu Li da nguyen koi & gin cde cia van nen da rik ty wma pivic tap. Phin 6 tigu ning dui chdn dé qual ha liu, nb min siu bing phurong phép khosn qua Sng chin cb 325 + 275 chigu dai dén 2m, khoan bing méy khoan C5LJ 200, durong kinh mdi khoan 2i6mm. Khéi hrong min nd 45 tn, NO om dB lal khdi dé sau may nhor nue x6i di, + Dé dé quai ha hu bing 2 may ic KOBE 2,5 m? giu sip. Sau khi di xomg d&. quad he. migiie tuynen thi cing s6 2 kim tra rd ri ede tinh van cha tuynen 86 1: tromg HBh, sau dé tig hanh dio d& thwyng hu va thao muse Bot vy khi ngin kenh, mite aude dng’& thing Iuu cao hon so véi tinh todn. Bide lp, cong da phil gidi quyét trigt dB vin dB nay. Tén cing viée Den vi Ghi chi Dao diy/Toan bd KL cba dé | 103 m> | 94/195, 150/272 | Cuong d6 dao 180.103 m3thang Bio dKL. twin bi dé om? | sara | zsrts0 | 11020 aahang, S86 Iwong may xtic IKE 46 | cai 3 2 ‘Chidu dai dé T.luru May wiie KOBE, 1 1-2 | Bio cho ate vao & V12 | 36/80 May khoan CBU —200 cal 3 2 Dé ha luu dao. | dén V9 va VO di im/ 100m 44 0 16 van chuytn Belaz va 2 9 (80m va 100m 1a Kpaz . yeu cau thiét ké) | loai 3 3 | Tho gian pha der oo oo pha ding thoi cd hai d@ quai 81Curteng 9 ce oat obmg wi andes che mygiorkOrhiivdal die wong thang 1d va 12/1985 shat sau: pee Men ling: Boi fing sui) —Ghiohds ia z = 4 3 Le [A eg en iy es cig: | ingly | A) | Wwe AT OA. 1B he ng ca wn ca ar | | ain: |) mPingiy | 280. AEREESH, 251 a 16T S| Athan: os envio gin. ais | withing: | 2am 4 | SB We ty i dite: |) ming. | Amy 2A 5 hc ine tt dt i wi es i adi i ca as ony | Ip ep ata wun Wi | kip quiny TAB ais he ehh item oi z caning | 2oM77500 | Chute tj dt quad ase ambingi. | 20K "9 | ie i dea i i MWe We — | amBingy | 15m) w: | 128 sie ‘seo ‘Sate gua a ca lg ea ai Ae ha =A MAN a dul wuyn: qgdin Im 0. Ai qe Ein gon BHO ABE Aimy iy sing. IT Ni Moi adny. vide livin hi nin Kn An. SANONO AG lise hon think, wing teeimg quyct Medi ua sera mg, hac yt “A 1H 2 i ig agi dee ‘Mat ding A cha: my et dine A i ri ue A Ay thoes thuse trang)|AN KENH v1 a 2h paging ye ou, SS sn fou in © Gpudfacenie ensira (o> Besse 3) 83,Do khi ngin kénh chi théo fiw long qua I tuynen thi cong, Nendo chénk ake kee & tuyén ngdn kénh qué ki. Trén chiu dai kénh 800m, thigt kE da d@ igh chitey Keni dni thor 6 3 tuyEn ; & dau kénh (7K -0,00) & gid kénh ( PK3420) va & cudi kénh TK -7+20) (xem mat bang & hinh trang truée) Hinh 1, 2, 3 Bae trung thiy Ive 3 tuyén ngin kenh Gunns rit cA BU 18 8b Wi THB CAN é oon . fH YT aes = 3 f—ieideen Ss pea errr) eklts Forth uA HE Mae NUBL Son H wa erst én 8, Bes Ter MAT CAF Sone F Vk VAN 6C LOW neat vnerCan ei vao ‘inh todn thiy tue, & cae baw két Lip Keak ding tho tign hanb thé edng theo 5 lal doan theo sor dis mat cdt doc tuyén va KEL cau an ket hw sau MAT cAr oc THEO Tis BANG KET TREN. CAC GIA! Doan BaP 4© giai doan Iva It ngan kénh 6 te 6 muse dén 3.8m/s trung binh 36cm. KHOI LUONG TINH TOAN CLO CAC GIAT DOAN ip di mil va 48 66 do Kin (Y cée giai doan stu gan kénh bang dé qué ci 2-ST va céc cuc bé tong 127, d chén bang ltuy | kenb | chis 10 misee ‘thuyng hu | ‘Ban két gia Buniétha ius — # + —— | o [Bm 3 3 | Dac | Bm Dac Vat ligu dip | Dac ae tinh | chigu ‘tinh 109m tinh fren 4 thi | rong [~ Goo] ¥it [ong Ba vat Da] ba Tou} vit thi | edng | khe | be | Hu | dinb | ligu ni | qui | be | Fev fons ‘| nai | ca | tong Jooo | 450 | 35 | 67 | pa | as [58 | -- | 4 [sto | 300 oa | [| — 53 2 = | ia : | f | 020 | 90 2a sofo7}io} | as far fos | 06 fiat mo CEH ee ET (CED Cea thio! — Os | RT] - Ol as | =~ | 04 | 015 OS | 16 11a T7065 088 S40 eve 210 eve 170 eve Ton bd cing tée ngin kenh niy dur dink thue hig trong.2 MAY, V trong. 10h30 doan [va He voi ewimy do dip 201 = 235 ngin m* da nui, Neiy thi 2 thye higm ngiy, Ngay dau thu hién iat jai doanMay thi cing dur kitn digu ding ngin kénb gsm so | PE ta ett al Ten thi jms | oe hw Bor pha Ber wi a b | ob) May xe 3KE46 m* 5 1 x | - HF | May wie 92509 25m) = 2 Fa | | 3. | May ai ton 250 mite | J ws for ja 4) Cin true 8 (8 16T pow 2G S| 6 trong tai 277 one | == | R 2 | jo erica bx lie fw | oa | | | | 2 Thye hign ngan kénh = Vite ¢ lin hon du tinh eda 1 Hin bi vat ligu, thict bi thi cing cho ngdn kénh den ngiy S thang 1 nam WONG di ke. Lurw tuung mirc den b Q = 650 misee hon tinh t ‘Thigt bi thi cong duve diéu dong cho nin enh di ki tr bun ket %n thigt bj thi cog a ‘Ten thigt bj thi céng Ban ket I | Ban | Bai T Ton | wir | tr | face) inet vest | phat | wt || | | 1 | May xe 3KT i : 4 ios 2 | May xuie 3250 | | H 3 | Can true site nang 16T | | | 4 | Gan true site ning 257 joi of ri s | Gi g3t-250 2124 2 -' Rk 6 | Uli Phisat (150 CV) 2/2 )2] 3 ) 45s | 7 | 0 00 te dd Benla 277 | o fm jw jr fw fe | 8. | 6 tur ad Kpaz 256 | Ooo Leelee es | Nady 06/01/1986 bat iw thie hign gi chan Ken vi hop 6 bing sawBi90 Long kénh thi cng da thu hep 6 tuyGn chin BI (55m) Chan kénb & gial doan lan 2 bo bing c&e Khoi be tone vi da quae” Chan kénh tir hai bo 6 tuyén 1ragin kénh thinh céng di chuytn glat doan thi céng cia cdng trish dén thoi kj cao itm d& chun bi chay axiy 1 Tho k ngin sOng va agin kénh Ka mot qué trinh lao dong dc ligt chOng choi v6i thién bien, Nhiing sire bit mgor di xiy ra vi di duwe xib ly kip thé, Thoi ky dé thye 1 A mot mit, mot cin nam 1982 rét, nbigt do duvfi 8°C, dén thing 12 dé quai ba luu da ha tr caods wo do 29, biit_nedy 1a VE Oi Iau long gin 4000 mYs. Trong 1 dém néu khOng xi iy ngip (oan bi hi méng céng trinh King th’ ngan song durgc. Cong tue khi chulin bi ngan kénh, vao cudi thing 11/1985 1a Ién Iai ve bat nge. Lain nay ip bE vi de quai throng wu da dio phi tr ca dé 46 xudng cao db 39 va khéi chde phia trong di phi gin gt, Be quai ha hw da dao ha ten chigu dai 80m tt cao dd M1 suing cao dG Wo, Liv eG tw trey den 6900 m3 hhru nurse chiy qua Kénh gay sng hin, de doa phd vir dé quai ha hiru va ngap toan cig trinh nem, Bém 18/12/1985 di ha Kenh nit toan bG lye lugng thi cong trong tuynen nh d& dé phong nine ngip. Bicn php xir ly chi yéu [a tap tung toan bo xe may U J mép ngoai A quay ec chiGu rdng dinh 6-10m, 2 Ran xe fra khdi Ging cing dio dil, da dd 1 con chach i va dim bio We dO dp im. chitu gicy vi nue Ken trung bin 80 em trong 1 gid. Noi nude xogy tap trung dp dé fan cv cue be time vicki hin hyp, cao trong Trong thi gian do twynen thi etme d® chun bi cho nga kénh & tuynen sé 1 da xy ra sur ci) mghicm trong, Khai dé 6 MK ~ 3+60 (khu vue vet mitt 500) da sip tr dinh vom dé horn 200m, kim chot $ ngurdi trong ld 6 1 chuyén gia. Xi IY nd mit hom 2 thang méi tiép tue dio ep dure Do La sw et tn that obit cia cong trudng trong sud tho’ kj thi cong, diag thai cling ko hoi gian oan thanh tuynen may them do 3 thing, Nit I¥ ni bang ign phi dae bigt trong. phn cing teinh ngiim sé trinh bay 10, 4 Mot sé a Vice chutin bi ngia sng Dit vi again Kink dé doe nghién ctu thi nghigm va chudn-b} chu dao dé dim bio an ton. Toe do thi cing true dé qué Ion va khé khan da xiy ra dén mike Fnguy hitm nhumg cich xi ly ky thugt die higu quit cao ~ Khiii hong chun bi cho gin song, nganxénh Kin hon thigt KE, dc bigt 1a cue bé tong thira nhitu, aguyén nhdin khich quan li truce d6 Ii mudn vé de doa dén sy an todn cba cong } trin cho nén da quyct dinh duc ting gép dol s6 lwong dy dink, = Nein sing ding quy tink thi nghigm da xe han tinh dO ky thuft tal cOng trudng vita F nghicn cau vira thi cong 1a e6 higu quis kin, Tuy nhién ab xem xét darge mire dO an todn, kinh U6 so véi cée cong tinh ma Liga XO. di fexdy dung c6 th tham khao ti lidu dusi diyBe Vie es dt ‘ey | ee mh hip $6 | cing wink tiy | gan | St oy | tam era qr} din | natn gan | bn Ht va] Th ep | cho enn | Meh sing, | PE | sing. | edn | 5b | cut nota gan sng + can Krac-ndiack eb sing Tenitxdy 86 ty Khét b& f 4 a | so [fistan | 9 Jan tas as : MAZ 925 ting aie mom Ty] = | leie|aae| Se Be aera ase e64) cele) ares |; as ee | até nim | 8° jhat hd) hay uh BS thn} Ulimskala Te tn Pm a ow | ew feeeee) ove | AS | ae “er ping ning 38T hong. ‘Ae moan é Gai doen ‘Sdng Nin Ai chan sing ep aa ea om 4 y |S | ay [ting 8 | at chon | ou chon | 3s | "mire ost] mg | MD] we | ke [eh gud | 07 | ong tn i Maz 595 sau cing 750 m/s qua Zh Fe Bi wate 7 Stag Da tie. 38. : be | gd | Fat 5 who | at oat | MPRA | ene on | va van | as gran | * 08m | DE tong aa cep ut at tog: Bn- Chuong Il DAO HO MONG DAP Nén dip dat trén phn long sing uén cong cb bal bOI cét sdt Kon & ber xsl, Ip trem cba bai b3i.c6 chi8u day dén 20m la cét min phi sa va dit ban. Hal val dip twa vao hal vich ni €6 thé dit trugt va dft dé phong héa & dang phién. Long song sfu la nén cudi edt alui vi luén ‘bj bin dong theo van t6e Id. N&n dip duge xir ly khoan phut va phun xi mang vao dé trong thei ki di dp dip dén cao 0 46-60m va dot 2 5 cao AX 100m, DB tign hank d&p dip dirgc, vigc dao, don sach dat 44 phong héa, cét min vA dat bin trén én dap da tiga hank bing ba bign phép. = Dang lng 16 ty nhién véi t6e dO én 6 hurémg dong nhoy qué trinh 16m sng va ip song ae x61 tdi. ~ Dang tau hit ci kon dB don long dip dui nuée sau khi ngin sOng. = N3 min, xtc don vai dap trén kho va mép mur6c, hai bign phép dau thye hig dirs murée trong trang théi mréc song chy (wr nhién qua song va qua kenh. Bién phép dau dé gidi thitu phn nghign ciru thiy luc. KEt qué thy hign hur sau : 1-Don nén dap nho phwong phép dip Win sng va hurdmg ding x61 ty nhitn Lang try d4 thurgng va ha luu duge d4p ty thing 1 d&n théng 8 nim 1982 cé hinh dang hE hign & hinh.3-IN-I Long sng d& duge thu hep & thirymg lu dén 66%. Trong mba Ii 1982 5 3 dinh 1a c6 Inu Iwong dén 7460 mY/s ‘Tal nn lang try thugng hru dap chitu rng dong chdy cdn Bep = 110m, dinh 10 & cao dO 34m ‘chitu sdu nudge hop y= 24 +! 26¥van t6c nye dot din 2,9mvs. Lép cit min vA cét 06 of bat = O,imm tng v6i y = 1,3/+ 1,8T/ m* dé bi x61 tri hodn todn tir cao 46 10,00 dén cao 9 15,00. Teen hinh 3-II-1a trang sau thE hlgn tinh trang mB dp & vong Wong sbng dure x64 sau mba 4a 1982 so v6 yeu clu thiét kE. = © ving 16i dip mat c&t 2-2 chitu day lop cét min va cét lin hat bin clin duc lam sych En dao 9-150 chitu day Wang ndy tir $+ 15m, Qua 3 dinh 10 va thu hep Tong song da x61 di Hu hét, D§c idm lop nay o6 hat 0,5++0,25mm chigm 40 + 50%, loal hat nhd hon 025mm chiém 20 + 30%, Phin cdn lal durge bd sting do urge quin sau mira 1a nim gita 2 ban két thugng va hy liu duge tau hit don sach sau khl ngin song. , = Vong ling try ha hu mat edt 3-3 chitu day 6p cét min va Hin hat bln tir 5-20mm, Yeu cfu don d&n cao do -15. Trong khoing 70 + 80m. %,ir by trai ra Tong sing, Isp ndy di dirge x6i di 10 + 13m (tite 1B din cao dQ -12 +=14. Van te ¢ day khi la Kin dat dén 2,6m/s) = Phin cit min nam tren mép bir tréi & cao dO tir 15 = 12 di duro xt ly bing céch thu hep tuyén tric khi ngiin sng tir bo trl sang theo timg mite hry Iwgng dong. chy, 4000 mrs, 3000 m¥s, 2000 mils xem hinh vé 3-1-2. Ting si khdi long cat min va cét bin & bai boi bir tréi dap da dure x6i tri nhdr phuong, phap lin din long sng trong nim 1982, do dae dee 720 x 10? m? DO la Ket qua ca bién phép ki thugt dat hitu ich kinh 1 rit cao va rit ngén tién dO xir y nn dap sau lip song durge dén 3 thang. 2, Don ling sng bling tau hit : Trude khi dip ban két thugng lu (théng 11/1982) mic nude séng binh thudng & cao do 23, 24, NEn dip trong ving thurung wu da dirye don sach dB dd di dp Min song cét min va at in dou di durye don sach dn cao dong -150. oy -Saw khi ngiin song t-1943. nig dap gidta ban két thwong hw va ha he da chia x6) ka ht, hhoge do saw hi by bin ct qulin Us lai cling di dew tau hat don sack, Loa tau bit due ding 1 350 - SOIM 06 céc dic tink Ki thudt mw sau: Nang suit xoi va bit voi dit mhom H+ VR 420 + 350 mb ~ Tau diag bom 207 ~ 1m 3 ~ Chigu shu iit Ait Kim mist 18m ~ Cyr by vam chuytn dit theo chitu ngang 2km ~ Chitu rOag hit dit nbd abst (theo déy tdu) Khi chidu stu hit dit Kim abit Bh 45am, = ChiBw shu hit nd. abst 35 + 45m ~ Trong lugag tode bo tay (khong 2 ding ast va phao) 470T ~~ Mom nucie cika tau Khi Kina vige 1.7m. ~ COng suit dign deg 2300 kw, dita ép 6KV. = Chu cao tu tir mj nude Hem dinh : 1e,0 Taw bit db duge bo tri Kim vige & ving thio dip theo so dB chi Z. Kites tra blag trfe ac do cao dd diy sag va thi aghitem chit hrong eft, hit don cit va di cheyte tae tir ber Phii-sang bor tsi cimg wéi vite dip bin din vat liu di va cit 1d bo phil sang Cie by Gag thAi ra phia ha. ew 300 + 400m nim ngodi thin dip ve pia ha ra Chi thai ra: dae diag made fo cudt koa Kam trOk di. 96.SS LANG TRY BA THUONG Lh ~S yThoi gian don bing tau hat tir 20/2/1982 dn thing 6/82 va tar 19/1/1983 dn 8/5/1983. Tong 46 Bier tau boat ding 2030h, Néw KE cd Kot long dure dng 10 culm di trong mia 10 1982 ting c 1g KhGi c&t_ min A hat bin & bit bai trong Wing dip da don tir thing 2/82 dén thing 5/1983 la xp xi 1,0 riéu m? a ”3+ Dao h6 méng trén kh6 : Xtie don h6 mong val dap duge thyc’hign tir cao do 25m trér len. Riéng & loi dap, & dus mép nuée 06 dia chit xfu nhu dit o6 két 6d) dink cao, tau hut khOng xi ly doc da ding mfy xie gau sp don sack. Chét lurong you ciu don nn dap é cic khdi dép dé, cét si va 8 c6 yu clu khéc mhau, thyc hign theo chi din ki thuat riéng big’ No 960-TY-1 Nén dap trén cao do day sOng.phdi don bing tau hut c& hai phia phai va tréi 06 cau tao 1 dé phun tro, phn 16m [a ba bazan pooc phi rit va diabazo’ pooe phi rit, dim két phiin trio thude da cing. Trén bE mat bi phong héa va phi 1 lop sun tich gm dat sét, céc loai dé ting khéc nhau vé thank phn va (3 hop. Yeu ciu don nin dap & phin ling try dé va cét don hét swim tich, 48m tich, lop dat phi hue vat va céc Khdi da ting. Nén duvsi king tru da 1a dé cing nguyén ven 66 mitt né, dé ving bi phong héa manh nim 6 dang da vir c6 trong hong thé tich 2 2,5 T/ m., ham Intong hat nho xen Kin ké nift loai hd hon 2mm khong qué 20%, bE mat nn di dure don sgch khong chia dat va khong c6 do dc nguoe. O cée cong trinh dio thim do khio sit dia chit duoe lip kin cn than bing dé. Cie him Khio sit ninr ngang & d6 dai him L= 5 Fin chitu cao him ra dén cia dirge lip kin bing bé tng, phn cdn lai Kip bing di, Him 6 ving loi dap, cia him lip bing bé ting (L = SeAm), phn cn tai dis.dé va. phun vita dat set dén dp lve 1S atm. Nén dunGi loi dip duce don visi you civ cao hon, Dao din fda nguyen khoi, nbn dé eaing, id Vun, mo td dia chat vai dd lop bé tong mac200 phil nen, khong 6 dé phong hoa, don sych di 6 chidw rng bao hét nin loi sit, be ting trén mai ddc e6 1 Ip e6t thép 16-22, bure 20 em. Thi cng dao his ming m’n dip da thye hign bing miy xe SKE 46, 9 2503, 91252 va KOBE, voi chitu day dio tir 4-8m. OF ving di dui loi hodc noi di tao déc nguoe da dige Khoan nd min hing céc may khoag BMK.~4 va CTY - 100 , hode miy khoan HKP, c6 durong Kinh mii khoan 105mm, nd min theo phuoing php vi sai nhiGu cp traah vet nit mi rong va trinh dio vurgt qu thit thigt KE. Luong thuvie min nib phy thude vio tinh ton an toan cho thigt bi, cOng trinh ben canh va ching sat I mit né nén vai dip thurimg king qui 3T cho 1 vu ni Ouy trink dio, tay thude dja hinh, & her writ dio wih Iy mn mong tir duc len, & bar pha tren mai kenb tir cao do 100 dén cao dO 170 da dao ha theo ting ir trea xudng. Dit da thai chuySn ra bai thai thugng lu va dip & ha lew ey ly 0,5-2,5km, chai Mromg xir HY, dio khd nign dip cb - Ten cing vide on sj | ——_RO Mem Gi cha TT [thier ke | “Thye 1] Dao dit mm wm | 30 266 2 | Diw da 10m? 535 3 | Be tong chan khay 10° m? 14s 4 | Lap diy him khio sat m iis 5_| Co thep T oS 98mv thu, higm tra chiit lugmg nign dap Kigm tra chit Iweng dio, don nén dip duge thye hign Hn te ngay dém trong qué tinh hi cong, Hi dng nghigm thy kf thuit dire giim die Ban quin ly cdg irinh (A), Tong. giém lic Tang cding ty xay dyng (B). Tong chuye Por quan im sit thigt KE (PPP) vién L gm XO chi dinh gdm efe ky'sw trudag ~ = Trung tim thi nghigm (Trrdng phing dia chit) ~ Kaw truving dia chit cor quan Tong chuyén vien Litn XO ~ Phong ky thus A = Ky sir truvmg dia chit ban A Phong gid dinh chit Wrong B Dai dign don vi thi cing cchuyda gia thi cdng tign hinh kgm tra tren cor si ban ve hic KE thi cong, Ligu chun ky thuat (TY) dinh mvie vi quy pham nghiém thu cic cdmg trink fhe Khuiil K&t qui thi aghigm eta cor quan dia chit A vi phing thé nghigm dia chit B, Te Kidm ira nn dap desi mere Theo thist E dip tir caw di} 28 dén day sing cao dotS dure dp trong ue sng. Nén fap trong ving nay Kam sach lin cudi bang tau hit. Tai lig d& ktm tra kL qua 6 ~ Bin di do ve diy sing sau cic dot duwe don bing iu hit 4 Ie 1: 500, Do doi khéo i thiiy vin dja chit (Wen A) thue high, Cie mat eft ngang cia nitn song song véi true dip vich nhaw 25m. = Tai Hew Ke qui Kaoan iy miu phan na dip edn khoan chiy xuyén tong sing, dat di Siu kiy miu, cao do noi Ky cedng th? hiém ket qui kim tra nxt lan. Lay miu dé sie dinh hiior lveng eat sOi, si ti viv phi hoy vii thiGt KE RE AEH cae tinh —150, Tree he fe chi teu cor Iy cua rw dia chit Cap phi hat cf cie nin cit sOi aluvi duve dE la Ge Vimy Ki dp mim trong g Gi hah saw 0, ‘Prong qua tink bai, ber duce ton cao bling hi thu aurée duoc c&u tao bing edi sit Kfch thirgre IxIm chigu cao moi doan Im. Due nit vii nhau bing edi mde. Chigu cao kip ang din tay theo tc a6 khai thic. OF diy ging adi voi durdng Gng 630 db th Bai duge tao dé de, cudi dic une thai ra sing. Méi 6 Khai thie dén chiéw cao 6 loi mht 1a chi@u cao guermg hiru ch eda miy xtc, thudng tay 58m, Saw khi bdi diy bai thir 1 chuym sang bai bal thir 2 ‘cor quan thi nghi¢m ‘dia chat phai thuomg xuyén li miu d® x din tau hilt diGU chinh bai hot ¢6 chit lenge thich hop va chi thi kip thi cho dom vj xe sir dung ding you clu thist ke. * Trong qui trink boi hit cic baie: inh chit lrgmg, ahiim hur Tov yl thar te cust ¢ ing nm, tau dire dura v0 ving d sika_ chia, ng 6 dE cust thang 9 qua giai doan mura chay €6 te do hit durdi nuge nén da @u logi thanh phn hat det va cfip phdi khong ‘qua he théng sng va riba lui tai mh may Cat sbi bom qua tau hiit La duge rita sach, Tuy viy 8 bai tr vin cn al du, Do dé dé str dung eho be tng phat phan nghidn sing. Nang suit 1 tau hit throng dat 50 dén 65 ngin mithang Méi nam lam vige thye té tit 2600h + 3520h Nam 1987 tau 350-50 AIM di Rim vige 3514h Gt duce 655.108 m3 cat day len ey ly O8 + 1.5km, 106aera Sagem deo was Bevarar ‘ne Rowe s1"6 ‘inde Bue Appund® nue Guguupy-s ‘ yppuobnere-+ | una Bupine © neque \ ie ! i — a ai ’ | Srey . ce Bo a = Sau diy 1a sor dd lam vigceda tau bit 350-50 /.M.2-2M6 dd: Theo thigt kE ¢6 3 md da phai khai thic : mi séi 8, 8a & bir phai, md 44 & bar trai, Mé 8a 6 cu ly dén dap 1 phi dn 10,7 trigu m?, Cho n 2Akm, qua dée cao mixin Khai thie phi dio khdt hong Bing in khong kip thye hign vi tn phi ing theo thiét ké dB Khai thde md di va cée hi méng khai dio cin e6 8 miy xe IKT 4,6 m? ding cho sudt thei gian thi cing, Thye 16 thi cing di €6 thay dBi co bin trong quy tinh Khai thie di Cong trang di dB ng vi thye hign om ring bign Kha thie mG 8 va ha Uhém 10m chiw y (uF cao db 105 xuing exo 995) phi rp wh quy inh Ui eng. va i tri ke Wi thac them duvve tren 2 triGu m? so vi thie ~ BO hin vige Khai thie md Sa. = Hy thip nn tram OPY=110-220 KY vai mdr ring dign tich Khai dil hay dla choy Be ting va bd sung dp dap trong nim 1980 due tn SM) mgin m’ = Mb 44 c6 eu ly dén dip tren dkm chi thie sau Khi hodn thanh khai thie mo 8 va xiy dung dip, mot Khai 1 amie King tr cae dd den Gao dos 9, vic choy bo tng, = BE dim bio tig do ching fi sw Kh nein ken NH, 19S7 dd sung thém 3 may xie SKE — 46m" Nii tang ewiyng Kh thie di vi dt hing quyt dink ding dda do da gidp cho hon thinh tign di vi tice kigm ew Iy Khai thie trong dip dap rt én. Ve cong mghé khai thie mi dit S68 Ma di dure Kh va hie bd tt doan kho khan nhat fa eat cic tine Lr tren dink ii die. MO di S68 ci Kh irr m}, Iie du thigt ké yéu clu phi phi riemg va hie het Ling. phi i andi Ml thae theo ting. Gia phi day 6-10m tren sur ing phil 6. thc, nung srin he thure higm die cao, di duge, i khong Sn dink, tai c nurde fim va suci chiy figm tHe nén khong Tir cao dd 250 dén cao di 95, mi durwe khai thie theo cong nehé-phin viing vac phan down tich mé tren 240 ha & Voi thinh 3 ving theo 3 surdmm mut vai dng thoi cit cing. i dit da phong hia, mai Ling c6 chiGu cao Lr O-Nm, Khai dio binge may may Gi = Che Hing tra xtc 3K- 40, dang «> ang tre J chuydn bing xe ben la, mot may xc + Gh + 5 hoa 6.0 48 bea it Hiy thug dang phi adie thip, an todin nhwro ning sua Kem, Cae mo dé diroe sir WY Bling khoan Wp CBY-100F mai Khoan 105mm, dung may khoan di ding bank xich hoje bang hank we di khoan, chidu caw Ling i 10m. Moi bai khos hryng 60-70 x 108m), Luromg thude min khing qui 3S tin, load thutie rivi, ha monit NL: aa © ving gin bi die md khodng Sm Khoan hing may khoan BTC=18) hoge lal khogn. 6 dung kink 105m m,nd vi sai tir 15 don 25 ep. DA nd dure wie hing miy wie KF - 46, 6 16 ben la chuytn thing ra dap. Vige lam dueng that tt trong qua trinh khai thic mi da due wop phiin quyét dinh vw hing suit, higu qua eda cong tic van chuytn vi Khai thie mo. During tir dap dén mi a cao do 38 dén cao dé 100 va TIS dai 18km da duge d be tng day 24em trén én di, be rng 10m, Duvng trong md thurng xuyén diye 1 méy vi + 1 may san bao dung, mat dung duve eli da nh va cat s6i, dim bio khong 66 3 Ouy tink Kha thie md theo King, & tiene Ging Khai dio theo phuomg-phip cusin chiu, Rim gon [i nguyén ie da dem kai higu ich rat bin, Nhung sur ef da iy ea trong Khai thie md di wu y. Khai thie mo da co ohung sie mghitm trong, mang tinh ky thu = Sap guong wie & isi doan vue dit va dit ting pho do vi pham quy dink khai dio theo ao su, tay mat thing ding & gueng cao din 1m, mua xuding da ay sap, ting: dS my. soe hip ci di my tic Khi din di & md si 8 di 3 kin sat mai dive hin ip cd miy thiromg. ning, siie iy chét nga vi bi ngiy mune ngim qua khe nit taomat tenet, May xue dking Kam vige khing duce kiim tra, do 46 da sat_mai va ba xtie IKE = 4.0, Kh i nan, trong do 1 kin hing may xiie chet nguvvi, 1 Bin vor glu may phai nd min ahd, sie di mdi dura duwwe miy ra sica chia = Swe cd de nd min: Thurdng mane min dire du mach vong. theo quy dink kip nd duwc . hog Khim mach hat, may wie vao idm tra truce Khi cho vio quit min, nhurng kidm tr Khong phat hign hy Kh bi dirt 1a tae ra KhGi ann cm a nbiGu hd. Vi tt min ¢ 18 phat Neuyén nhin : mdi mit kign tao song song vidi mai, khong phat hign, do de liu ( ade da way nd ver ei Siu vic va ngurvi by throng. DE khie phuc tink trang tren, hoi ding khoan din eta cong trvng di thuong suyée kim (ra tink trang mi vic xi ly ahigu trudrng hop nguy him, dng thivi Kip hoi ding ky thust Kiem | {randy min chit che nén han ché duye abi 3% Lap bi DA oh Lim King loc, (op chuyén tip thi 3 gida dit dén di nai) duce ph tron vi hat thee ai nan khong Lip lat tir dit ob: | win te ds | sho kai dite tuynen ra, Toa bd dito e6 dung kinh tren 250mm hat thi, Ham rong hat duwe phi thuat_quy dinh (TY). inh bid di gidé han thank phi Cong nghé ten thu hign tren hai di duoc Ken chat sau dap hode tren dap. D3 1 Kip da ahd 06m dure san bing, lai dd tigp t Kip eit sbi 6 en tren, DB nhur vay cho dn chigu cao 6m (bing ih xxi rm kip nay voi lop Khe va dat dure Ket qua theo thigt ke u cao guerng Nic hirw ich nbat eta4 Khal thie dit sét dlp ot dap + Cac ms “3t sét cing durge khal théc theo trinh ty, cic md & thirong hw va trong hd due Khai thae trigt d& truGe khi ngin song va ngin ken, thich hop mbit vei duoc Khai thie het Mé 27 ¢ thuong luu ber trai c6 tro rong dit vi dat ob A> Bim thi thigt ke U8 dip dip giai doan 1 lai nim & thip teén bai glin ber song. a8 dip dap ¥ wiai doan sau khi kip sing. Khai thie eat & bai bing may cap, van chuytn dn dip bing O16 Kpw vi MA3-S03, xtie bring may xtc 3 2508 va 9.12 Cae mi 13,184, 14 cong bhai the theo céng_aghe (uous tu, Do tink chit cor Iy eta cic md nay phis hop wii yeu clu thict KE néw phiin Win khGt trong di duge dua thing ra dip dip Khong qua cing aghé tn S- Bak trir va cing nghe vay dyng ciie bai tron sét ‘ing VIS ckip da dc ving ken durere xi IY, fp. En Mita ti di di thao nh woan Poe 1% an enh thi caw dO 35, phia sau dap di xiy dung dap trim tam be tng & eae dé 42, You cau: Sau khi a phin dap wiy dung dir nay v6i Wi thre 1 do gin vi Cin suit (Qe = ROD MBs; Otk = 14600 ms) Nhung mits fi im 1987, lew tayo 1 hon toiin thie qua tuynen thi eGng vit eda xi diy cia dap tin, Do vay muGe sé ding dén YS, nm trong musa hiv 19N6=10N7 (Gir thing 1/86 den thing 687) dip phai dip tir ean do 8 dén cao dis OF we nha MA thang teung binh pha ckip vie dip 490-450 10-150 Tie d6 dip dip & wiai doan nay Li gin m, trong Ji oi dail sé mai thang teuny bin dip cao them Hm soi KAGE hen gan m'\thing D: ahr vay. 6 cae md da Khio sat, 66 dd Sm hin en AOL, Khong IhE mio chim bio We dé dip Nhicu phirrny din da dre sem xét © Ha thipts We Si Untied it, On dL ve eh dim, Kam indi che tren foam lod dip dE dip duwe tone moi thi HEL. Cie phuomg dn miy dou duure nphign cir ky d Vig thict ke Thay cng Lim XO. Khi duyet phurome sin dé chay may 1 di chip nhin d& nehi ha thip he sé thaim suong KP = A x 10S var thicL KE mai che Hii dap, Noung het size t6n km vit Khi thu hide, Cuil cams, phirong am 164 wu di dire Nae dnb tab ch ce chuyén gia Unf nim vi th cing di vie dink due cing agh? trie dit thew Kip, bing vit hw tron tir dit that time ph 8 dit hai thie md 1 o time phir cin am Xa, Tromp it ng phi mis 8 es nhigu di phong hist dine dam ke de bhai the tsingemiy swe 9KT ko 32803, tren hat trie eich dp U4 O.Skm, ds time hips os hw ah san, ins shy ochigm. mit kip Hing phi tron vai Ap dLit- md Trone qua tinh thue higa Cong age wk. dt dv iio dO Bn atime KE vt da tie chain thuat in ph 1 bxinh ho Tiém hinh thi nubigm ede chi cu dim nen duoc thye hign teen bai tn ban AY = 168 vir xe Kpay-256 6 tii, Kich thunke he mat cia bai thi aghiém 40x 6tlm dav dT oe iwhte f hupsotm | 82 ar.168 solar | BY.«8 Cust 33 haoam [ot heotm Kras256 solust |kpaa.25¢ _solist 35 hsaém [86 hzoém lave sohst | A¥.KD Chiat 87 Weo6m [88 h=06m kpas=256¢ toluet |Kpas256 chiat MOTT TTT Soot aA DAE THINGHERO OAT TDG PHA Quy trinh dp va thi nghigm dB (rar nby sau = = DB dat thanh ting ding. trén tat cd cic vung dp, sau d6 ding may Gi san thanh lip Uheo phigu day you cu (0.4m + 06m) = Vide san dit thank kop ign hanh ding thii & 4 vang dip (1 + 4 va 5 + 8), do day cia p nb ohau 04m. Khi san 6 4 ving nay thi ding thoi db dit 6 4 ving kha, — OF mai ving dim khaée nhau. Vang 1 hanh hoi 10 Lin, ving 2 dim 6 Van, Vang 3 fim bling xe Kpar-256 c6 tii 10 fin, ving 4 dim 6 kin. 1 durge dip diy (om, &y ving 5 dim bing bin hoi 10 Gin, ving = Trén ving 54,8 vit Sh cling 10 Lin va. 6 Bin, im inh hor 6 Hin, Ving 7 vit 8 dim bing xe Kp h nay dr adh ving dip sé 66 3 loai vit ligu dat di phong ha md K, dit md Theo quy 13 va dit ma Sa, Ket qui thé nghigm tea dit det duge aby sau = a= Dit tran 6 him hromg sét (2 0.0Snim) trong khoxing 11S + 24°, Thanh phiin fp hak cin it_phit hop, vi you Ciu hich KE, be Da fim uy nhién cia dt sau khi san dim di hang dé Am wi ww va dao dng trong khoding 15,9 + 24%, chi s6 déo eda dat nm trong khoding 12 + 209. He si thm tir 1 x 10% + 34x 1%emss mtY eg = 15 Thm), t§ trong obt.. dit 283T/m?. c= BO dim chat yeu cu (0,95) durge dim bio khi chitu diy Iép dép 0,4m va dim bénh hoi loai xe Kpaz-256 tir 6-8 Ein, dim bao dap lign tue véi te dO cao. d- Chitu day Isp 3 cue dat cho phép 0,5m kh dim bing dim binh hi va xe Kpar 256 ©6 tai tir 10 + 14 Rin, e~ Kich thuse. cia dé trgn trong dit khong vuot qué 200mm, 8 K@t qua xéc dinh gidi han thanh phn hat cia dit sau khi ten so voi thigt ke 1a 13 Btu d® gigi han think phn dit duge tron & 390 QGidihanthainh pha hat sau khi trdn a theo you c6i thiét ke” x ®Gisi han thanh pha hat sau khitrén trén bai Ket luén : Tey vige phat hign va thi nghigm thanh cing céng nghé tri dit, tron dat va dat 4a dap dip dat We d5 10m cao va 150 ngin m? trong 1 thing Li 1 thinh qua nghién ctu es a4 ted KY thugt va Kinh 1 rit len, te dO dp dap trong mina khd da Ken durcre 6m, dap itny, éu cu dont = Kinb nghigm fam bai trae ta phai tun thi nghigm agat quy trinh ky thugt tir Khaw chun bi dit, nién bai dén wy te pha trOn, dim nén, Sau khi' dip 2 lop phai dim nén phing mat, tao 0 nghiéng 5%, dim bio thot muvée aura, Lop én cing edi bai tt phi dim chat boat mune WL dE chéing xii Khiu higu “Cap do 91 hay fa che" thE hig quyét tim eda cOng tring dip dip virot IG 1987 di thanh cOng, cho yeu li nh ket qui nghién eu nay, ~ Vide nghicn citu si dung vat ligu d& dip dip trong qui tinh thi cong 66 ¥nghia kink 1 Ay thuat hot site quan trong, bi h nao vai (rd thi nghigm va nghign edu tai chd Ha khing th coi nhe. Nhor c6 thi nghigm ligm tue nén khi hod cing dip dap vi wrt vat cia cde mé da duye dip vio dip & ving long séng vi ving kénh da the hign ct & cong. 1Dindi diy 18 bing khdi lrong chun bi vat ligu 6 cde md. Hinh vé duisi la hoan ong phan 8 vat ligu dip thye 1é.(Trang 1%) oe "ee 6D eee tw | cage | ome [| [oT | wb at | Bie a TY ie | ope va bai | D. dat m | mw | 12 MS | 8 ae ff Mi ch Noe tem tera we | [ | teat | a ausChe mat ct dip. Phan b& vat leu dép thyc INOS ONOT AA MHS VG Lys LV 14chong IV CONG NGHE PAP DAP Dap thly dign Ha Binh v6i chidu cao 130m, bét du dip tir nim 1982 va hodn.thinb nam 1990, Qué trinh dip phi thyre hign myc tieu chdng 10 hét stéc nghiém ngit. Muc teu dap. dip hang nim phy thude vao mire dO hoda thinh cia céc cbng trink thio Id, vio Cin sust Unb tof ching 10 A xhe dinh cao do phai hoan thanh, va két'cdiu dip phai thyc hign truce 10, T8c do ‘ip dap cdn phy thude va0 quy tinh va te dO cdng tée khoan phun xik Ij nbn ming Vit ligu dép vao dip & timg giat doan cb yeu clu khée nhau, phy thude vie. die tinh vat ligu cia cde md, vio phn dfp duréi mice va trén,khd, vao 1c di dip, vio két qua nehien céru, thi aghiém 8 dim bao do Bn dinh cia dap. (Cin cif vio tinh chit khéc nhaw cia quy trinh dp c6 thE phan ra cing nghé dip wat leu ‘duGi muse va dp vat lieu tren kho. 1 Cong oghe dhp vat Neu durét murée Phin dap phai ddp diréi mute buo gdm : = Hai lang tru dé dip dtu tigm kin ra sOng, va ede ban Ket ngén sOng, ngin kénh dip trong trang thai nude chiy. thay két hy hu long song dép trong tinh trang née tinh. = Hn hop cét 58: chip phi toan U0 phiin née dsp Ur cao dd 15 Uén cao J 25 & Wong sing, nim trong ving 101 dap va cée tru cét séi : t = Lop chuytn tigp ha lua gim dé nbd dfp gitta Khoi cét s6i va bing ket di hg teu. Dip céc vat ligu dui aude thy higm theo di8u kign ky thudt 960-10-TY2. 1. Ddp dé + Dp Ying tra d& din tien ding 4 khai dio G hi méng kénb thi cdxig be phil, cia ra, eita vao ty nen thi cong %€ dap tran vn hanh : Do dé dép trong mse chay, tinh ring ce hat nhd s& tr6i di, dip khong dim duye theo op, hon nia d& khai thie sé khdng 6 cp phi thich hop hi dd xung nurse nén thigt KE 43 tinh bign phép sau khi dp phai phun at vag trong kbdi dé da dp nhr da thre bign é dap Ac-xu-oan (Ai Cap). Yeu elu dé phai dim bio him long hat nd hon SOmm khong bon 20%, khong c6 dit tan ich thye vat dén 1%. He 56 mgm béa cia dé khong ahd hon 09. Sau khi dp dé, phun cA vio .d&, cét cin o6 ham hgng nhw sau : Hat 1 + 05mm [05 + 03mm | 03 + Ol mm 10 Gi6i han én fi han duGi usThue 1 cdng truong da tS chic dp’ thé nghi¢m di nd min & efe hé méng, sau 6 phun ct vao ké dé nbér he thdng Sng c6 due 1 dure dat trong qué trinh dp di. (Xem phlin th nghigm). Nhung, két qua khéng phun durge ct ma durdng Sng t6n kém rit 6m. Nguyén nhan 18 di nb min cb efp phi Hien ve, Khi db xuding mic & cao 4 5-10m len tig knot dé vin dtroc gir hau nhwr nguyCn ven. Nén da van due fen chat, gids han tren, gibi han duc cia thanh phin hat cia dé van mm trong yi6i han thict Ke. Bitu d} thanh phin ‘cp phsi dé thi nghiém dip duvéi_ nude Bigu di ip phot dé ddp thé nghiém co phun edt dé ddp vio dip phitn dicci mucic (died) 918 Noe Pp I | a) 4 ol ENE in 'Gse f a 2 wl Me oF IZ Ly I H ; eae oe oT Bo To toon KY HEU Ok OS ph des tbe ve sa kat ap dap thi'nghitem "Cap phéi dé a3 saukhi da dude bai eat oda ee ta et in a bl vas 8p th nghitm p pedi da eh thidt 46"z lang tru Ap dat de hi beat at hitu qué ap pal cat min 8’ v8; wa 2 Ling tru dd ada dp dat dé Cap pha dd dvd 2 Ling tru dap dat dd ausing ruler ‘nghiem M6Goad go pie ge Geen ee Gra hos eee Bote Beeeree 8 ¢ 288Vige dip da dursi mire & cong trinh da thye high dB trve tigp va bo cong doan-phun cat vao trong tru dé, Dé duro dap 18 dé nd min c6 ham. long hat nho thich hop. Bign phdp ddp : Sau khi don sach diy SOng, dd dé lin din tir bir, dp phiin Hing tru ha uu trade, vi & 46 ¢6 chiéu rong ong sbne. én hon, dép trén todn b6 chiGu dai cia lang tru véi chit rng, 25m..Cée 6p tip, thep dép. tirsderdi-en thea dng chiy,.v6t ligu'dd ti 6.16 cich mép mai phia song 4+ Sm, ding di Aly trin xudng mép munde. Va, ctf thé Kin din ra song, cho dén gidi han. thiét ké Anh khéi fing tru dé ha lu dip [in din, 2/ Dip ct séi Phin cét s6i dure dip tir eao dd -$ da cao dO 1S trong tink trang nude tinh, mim gia ey di thuong liu va ha lu. Vige dip cét duo tin hanh lin dln tir bay, 6.10 3 edt sOl edeh mép muse 45m, nhir Ot diy xuing mép mye va dip Kin din toan bd nén cat dén mat nurde fea dé 15, Cat dip trong mide durge tye len chat Tir cao db 15 dén cao dS 18 c6t duye dép theo kep 0.2 + 046m (é trangthal khd) tay thude a0 phutong tign dim Han hop cit si dép dui nude lly tir cic md va bai tr cha md 46, mo si 7% 66 hat nh} phai = O.tmm, ham long hat cit (0.1. + 2mm) khong it hon 50% > Mire do dim chat cia cét nay khi dép trén Kho 6 d6 dim nén ean Ken hon 0,98 - te d@ dim chat = 40 chat the (C ( a cht ton what) Dung trong ct di cba cét sii dp phu thuje vid him fing hat who Smm khi dp ttn kh. phai tha man A416 a oh hiHam lvong hat ohd hon Smm : [Chigm 50%] 60% 0% 80%, W% 0.98) yk 194 [185 ae [Mite 46 dim chat 2 Dip lép chuytn tigp ha teu: 6p da nbd day 45m cb d < Smm. Ct 20 + 150mm chiém $7 + 374%. Lép tigp giip yn Lisp chuytn tgp ha hu 6 2 oat : ~ d= 5 + 20mm chiém 20 + 33%, d di diy om 6 d < 256m Vigo dip d4 nhd ducii nue tir bang kit ha hw direc dip trong trang thai nude tinh, dip theo phucmng phip Kin din, truvie khi dp cSt Toin bO ket qui phan tich thank phin hx cia cde loai vat lieu dépy dui nude doe the | hign & bitu dé tng hop phan tich thanh phiin hat cia cic vat liu dap duéi nudge. | if io iis RON CRE WA LEU PAPER Fgp (Tm) SOLCAT MBE rede (FED eres Cate OP 2 aban) SAN Tess awe are geo aE Hime | Pee Aa ig cae Saints cdbaeaeceete, 1Tl. Cong ngh¢ dp vat ligu tren khd Dap tir cao dO 18.6 khu vye Ong sdng vi cao dd 1c khu vye kénb thi cOng tréy Ten du duge dép trén khd. Quy tinh dp céc Ksp v2t gu vio dap, cde huréng din kitm tra chit hong vit ligu trong qué trinh dip, yeu Glu ch&t heyng vat liu vv... o6 nhimg thay dBi d® phir hop voi thiGt KE dap vita dap sng direc you clu tign db thi cing chéng 1é vita dim bao chat hromg an todn tuyet doi va law dai Dac bist 1oi dit sét va Ling cAt sbi lim Ging loc duge thay dBi céc dac tinh, thank phan hat vira d& phd hop v6i mite dO chdng thm, trang théi ting suat ciia [oi khi lam vig, vira thich hop v6i dic trumg vat Hew 6 6 cing trinh. Do vay & mai giai doan dap dip da c6 1 tigu chun ky thudt va you clu chat leong vat ligu'ddi khée, (nhu da gidi higu & phn yeu chu chat Iuong thiét ké) ‘Thye 16 thi cing dap ti cao do 18 ted Ken dén cao d6-93 thue hign theo 96-10-TY.3a, 3b. 1. Dip lang try a 7 Dé doe Khai théc & md 8 vi cic hS méng van chuyta ra dip bling céc xe Belar, xe Kpar-256. Dip vao thin dép tién hinh theo timg 6 c6 bE mat nim ngang hoi nghiéng (> dd 04005) kich thirée eSe 6 tr8n mit bang do thi cOng hin trurimg quy dinh, phéi dam bio cho xc my lam vibe khong cin tré Hin nhau. Dap tho phuromg phip lin din, timg Isp co dO diy khng qué 2m. San bling may ni, dim bing xc Beli 06, til di lai trong qua tinh dap timg 6. Dé co thdnh phn hat nim trong gidi han : 7 Thanh phin hat dé (mm)% ~ ching’ 10. Dusi di dap hon think theo ee thot dim chiding la. i ser dd het ctu bw= wa Sonos ONO1 ENA AY? LY 130n dap duoc M7, trong 6 thang a 48 Ken cao di ST vor HEL dig tity Ricng nam dip tir cao di 7 AP MAT CATchong V pg CO’ GIGI HOA CONG TAC DAP DAP, J+ Che thiét bj, xe mfy chink phye vy xty dyng dap : A> Co sé lya chon : : Vige lira chon céc thiét bi, xe méy chink phyc vu cOng téc dip dap duoc can cit va0 ch mc cn hoan thank xay dumg céc hang muc, khOi hong, cuong dé cong tic va mot sO ye elu kg thuat hdc, B. Che thigt bj xe may chink = J. Thit bj khoan = May khoan xoay dip duémg kinh 105 + 230 mm nhy 6MK-4 , COY400, HKP-100, 2CBW-200 voi ty Ie @ 105 : 216 WS: 1 theo s6 lrong), Cée loal thi bi Khoan nay ef thE thi cing v6 cung 48 dio dé tom nhit trong cic hO ming hi eta etm trinh (300.000m%thAng), phis hop V6 ca iéu kign dit dé (dia chit, chin dong), 06 thE giim nhu clu s6 Ivong thigt bi khoan, giim chi phi dom vj Khona khi khoan lim toi dé. Nang suit trung binh cia may khoan loai & 216 tif 26mica, loa 105 1a Wma. May khoan tayfP-20, D = 46 mm ding khi xt ly, khoan néo... ning suat binh quan 30m/ca, + May xite Cac may xtc duoe sik dung trong cing Lic dit di la loai co dung tich giu tir 10 + 464 m3, Cae loai may gim IKE 46 ; 92503; 91252 voi dung tich giu 40 : 25 va 125m), Nang suit trung binh eda may xc « digu kign Viet Nam khi dio (tinh theo dit, da) = = 3KF 46 1a 8038 nghin mst = 32503 fa 45-30 nghin m™thai ~ 91290 a8. Dghin m'thing 3 6 t6 ne abs Che lagi 6 t8 tw dd durge sit dung ghm 6 Belaz-450 tik trong 27 tin, Kpa 12 in va Mar-03 t4i trong 8 tin, 56 tai trong Iwong 0 16 durge tinh phi hop V6i nang suit cia may xUc, tii trong ca nd va eu ly van chyutn dat da. a) Nang suit ky thuat eda may wie dio (dit dA) ¢ 6 16 vin chuytn - May xc SKE 46 180-100m°/giey = 32503 18 120-50m3igier = 31252 1a 6om%igia, (di voi dat) b) ThE tich chita cia thing 6 10 uF dd 1321a 15m? 1 7m? = Logi tai trong 8 tin 1 Sm? ¢) Téc 49 chay trung binh eda 6 16 ty dB 1S + 20 kmigior @) Cu ly van chuyn tring binh ~ Van chuyén dat tir homing ra bai thai 1.Skm + 2Skm = Van chuyn dat tir hd méng ra bai thai 0.Skm + 2.5 km = Van chuytn da tir hi mong ra dap 20km = Vin chuyn dat 4 sé 6 md ra dap 4,0km = Vn chuyBn cudi sbi tir bai tnt, ra dip 4,5km ' Los 4 This bt dim né Si dung dim binh hoi ZY-16B trong lrgng 2520 tin hay Oh we dd 27 tin bode 12 tm. eb: chit tii. SS hong dim dure chon cin ctr vio curing dé dip caw mbit, Vor dit 6 S64 Ui 120 nghin _mivthing, dip cit si (Gi 140 nghinm'jthang (gisi doan sau ngain kénh thi cOnig). Nang sust dm & digu kign Vidi Nain ki 400 mca, Ring dé dép ing teu khong tin hank dim bang thiét bi im nién, ma dim hing 6 10 Belay c6 i trong trong quit tinh dB ds vio dp é Se May id= : Ding may di vi dw kéo 130 + 250 ma tye dB . ‘al = San dit thit va cat sbi oF dap. in di dp King try dap. 0 dS trén_ bai thal Phuc vu-cho may xtic khi dao -hdfnéng (hode md) va lam dudng 6 10. 65 Can inne + eee Can true duge sit dung U2 Ip ghép cbt thép, eip pha thép, dd bé tng vai-dép Lisp glép jy V6i nda dé 615i. Gm cae loai cin trac banh xich 32503, 43 K251, cn true 6 16 KC 2501, » KC 4561 06 stie nfing 10 + 25 tan. Curdng d6, dd bé ting lin nhdt khong virot qué 3000.m/thang. > Tam véi ting-véi tai trong 10 + 25.tan 1a 80 + 10 mét. Chiéu’ cao nang mic 20 +'30m. Thing. «, =) + dd bé tong c6 2 logi dung tich 1,6m>va 3.2m3. Nang suit binh quan dd be ting bang can tye) “2 & vai dap 2000m/thang. 7 F eg 7 Taw nit ; “Fai Chu het loat'3S0 - 50 AM va 380 = SOTM co cdnu suit 2200 = 2800 KW ding d& khal “6 thée cit s&h Ur Ing sig. Cat sbi duwe hut Kin bil trie voi dO cao 20 + 30m, Chiu lh 8 tuyén Gng van chuytn tinh tir tau Ken bai inde hi 1 + LSkm.Ni ing suat hut cit si binh qui i dat 50-65 nghi am'/hsng cho 1 tau, Mét 85 anh cia cde thigt bi, xe may ding tromy cong tae dip dip | 133Anh sit dung cde thigt bi thi cong Anh 1: Thiét bi khoan 2.CBU - 200 khoan pha dé quai ha hu cia him thi cong. Anh 2 + Thiét bj khoan TC 450 Khoan dio mong tran van hah. Anh 3: Méy xc AK 46 phaihop véi 618 Belay~S40 Ue bée dit da AS mong Keb thi cng (giai doan an diy ¥ 11,2) Anh 4: Cin true Cauypn25 + 50 dd be tong &€73 va may bom GHAB hut Fam khé hé mong ha Iu him thi cding. Anh 5: Thigt bi cin true banh lop. KOBE (Nhat) 125 tain (site nang) lip rip cée van phao & cia him thi cong (hg Iu) 1MMay xe 203522 chor 250mm tre loai da 16m hon dap Xe belay vin DB be tng tigp ekap dap tran chuyn vat ligu dp dap136 Thi cong bé tong déc nuGe, dip tran siIl- S6 Iurgng che thigt bj chinh sir dyng & thai ditm c6 curdmg dd thi cng cao abét : | ba Ten thiét bh Don vi tinh | SO tirgng 1 |iwiyimic OKT - 46 Chie 8 2 |"May nie 2503 = 6 | 3. | May xtic Kobe 2,5 m3 2 14 | May xtc 31252 7 5 | May aigaT-250 5 6 | May at 492 A : - 20 7 | May ai Phi at (TTTI30) 6 | 8 | May cap dta3s7i1 1S 9 | Oto tw dd Belar-S40 40 10 | 6 to ww dd Kpar-256 | 40 1 | 6 t6 tw di} Mez-s03, } 235 12 | May san 3324 3 13. | May dim uy hank AY-46" hose 54-39" 6 | MM | Tau hit 350-50 M, 2 15 | Cu chuqaK-251 hay 9 2508 site mang 2ST tren 0 t6 2 | 16 | Cau eiudPK251 hay 92503 site ning 257 | 17 | May bom hé méng 300 dén 2000m°/gior 18 | May khoan xoay 26 200 ou 19 | May khoun & TC450 4 20. | May khoan xoay dap HKP-100, CBIY-100 w 21 | May khoan xoay BMK-4 , 7° - 20 Qua mot si nam thi cong da nhan HM Mot sO chi tigu kinh 1 kf thuat eda mot sO thi€t bi = ‘iy mim 1985, 1986 va 1987 e% cuomedd ching tée xiy dung dap lén mbit, Mot sO chi tieu chinh cia mot s6 thigt bi & nhing nim nay nhur sau : TT] - Ning suat trung | Sin hrong | F ae that binh ca XM. | HG 58 sir | Ten thit bi Dom vi tinh + vrone 1 [dang 8 x0 1985 | 1986 | 1987 | hang 1 2 3 a4[s5 fo 7 8 1 | Mkhoan 2CB200 tim thang| 27.7 | 26,1 43,2 | mdithang | -- |10868 | 2 | M.khoanbrc-150 10 mPthang 3.84 40,6 | mdithang 80,6 137Trong nhisig nam cao gian Lam vi c sau 1 | ea s [#[s le 7 8 [3] Mikhoan & K-50 Motmithang | == [263 a7 | | maithang | 396 | 4 | Matic 9K7 40 1O'mthang (4,3 | 386 | 330 | 50,5 S| Maxie 2 2503 mygio [137 | 236 | 200 | 530 6 | M. aiaaT-250 =~ | 376 500 7 | O10 ty dd Belazk-540 | | 3ioo | | 520 0.62 *8. | 616 Kpar-2505 | 109 | 30 046 9 | 0 Mar i aaa |eea ae 046 10 | 008 cap dat rormnhing | 100 | ano | 45 u | Gi To [iso | ano | x0 12] - 100 | 1300 | B mein | 337 | 206 | Iso [oa - 24) m2 | 17H jremg thie hign | Thor glam (m) (gid, iy a —_ tT SO) ren tet T 1. binh | 8 toes | rome | ton7 | vas | roo | roe? | Ht | at | ne 1 757.10 (55.10 | 5920 | 601G [274G RG, 1 | 2 428,108] 428 10] 058.108 | 13TAGi | 2005 |asisci| 1 1 | | 3°] May xtie 10 |0,74.10412.83.108 S03] 8 " | [IK=46 \ Lae] May xde 2 2503 [038.104 1.07.10 mrcl4+s | 6 5 | May xde tm? \ 0 1 | 6 | ui 2aant |2,8.106) i % 7 7 | 6.0 Bolu, 3.16.10" | Rv | 6s 8 | 6 Kpar 109.108) | » | % | | | |_| 138exGI-Ze61 LP dep Bug mLiat!Ovot-9861 TOP AEP Huo LLchuong VI CONG TAC TH{ NGHIEM, KIEM TRA CHAT LUQNG DAP DAP Cor sir dB tin hamh cOng tac thi nghigin, kim tra chit rong dp dap la cfc tidy chun ky thudt, UhiGt ké thi c6ng. Céc tigu chun ky thuét (TY) duoc lap can cit vao thigt ke két cu ip, fe iéu chun thiét ké va quy trinh quy pham xay dng cia Lién XO, khi 4p dung thi cing dip thiy dign Hoa Binh da duge nghién citu thi nghiem va sita doi d® pha hop voi didu kign ty nbién khi hau Vigt Nam, Céc thay dt trong tiéu chulin ky thuat cing nhim théa man cae tinh chat vat ligu tai chd, bio dim gid thanh ré va te do thi céng cao ma khOng lam giim: cae dic tinh van hanh va cée djc trung két céu dap. iy qui trinh cOng téc thf nghigm dia chat trén cOng trinh-khOng thuin tdy mang tinh ‘hat Iuong theo tiéu chudin dé dink. Mat khac cong téc thf nghigm dé mang noi dung nghién citu xie dinb cong nghe dip dip higu qui nhl, phét hign phuong phap thi nghigm nhanh nhit, b8 sung cdc dic trung méf vao céc tiu chulin ky thugt di c6 d8 cdi thién cing téc dap dap. Ching han, cbng tic nghién cifu cée de trimg’ cor ly cla dit di dua dén hing dé nghj hop Iy d& thay dBi gidi han thanh phin hat dit khi dip vao dip nhim dat te tO dip dat ngly cing cao va phi hop v6i tinh chit m6 cling nhw sw lam vigc cig dip Cite thay Udi d6 dure thE higm trong céc TY satu; (xem bang, trang sau) Nhor két qua thf-nghiém ‘tren Ong trvdmg da xéc dink durge cng ngh? ton dat & bai trie Va cic bign phép:dép dit cardmg dd cao ed trong mba khO va mia mua. Thi nghigm 4 nghien ciru va xéc dink thanh phiin cit sd phd hyp thay thé cho vat ligu di dim nghién trong lép loc. Cie tht nghigm hign trudng thye hign theo dé. cuong nghién ctu cia Vidn thiét ké da minh ching duoc sw lam vige da dink cha dap trong mot s6 teuémg hop nghi ngo ve chat long, va d® ra nhiing bign phap b3 sung thich hyp. Cong tée thf nghigm hign tuong, trong qué trinh thi cing da duoc & chife 16t, 18 mot nhan 16 quyct dinh d& dénh gid eu chulin chit long dép dip, dic bigt 1a cong Lic thi nghiém dit 4- Yeu clu va céc phuong php thi nghigm dit 1) Cée yeu chu kidm tra chilt Iryng dit dip : Dat dp vio loi dap tir cao do 28 tre Ken, bit dau thy hign tr ngay 27/5/1983 va két thc Vio thing 5/1990 v64 khdi wong trén 1,6 trigu m3. BE rong [oi Im nhat & day Som va & dink 18 35m, Chit lwong dit dp & timg thoi kj c6 think phn hat thay di theo cic ticu chun ky thuat (TY) (xem. ban 1-6-1). Nhung yéu clu co ban di duge néu & phn thiét ké o6 th tm t4t lal nhu sau = Dit'c6 him lueng mu6i hda tan trong dat clo xit hose sunphat cloxit trong dat khong qué 5%, mudi sunphat khong qué 2%, Tan wich thye vat khOng qua 5%. is98 | 99 “os w x z| st: ‘one oo 88 n 9 {| wou, acAL > oor s “oF o te 8 ‘onp oor | % | % wv 0 waa araL oor 08 ws fe oF Of w 8 tonp. oor oe 9 ws of waa eeAL oot 0% | @ we} ) ow | wf | a ron or} 6 | 8 | 09 | oF PAL oo. | oe | ow | o | s | iz 1 | seo | ro | soo | too | sooo eam) 6 % Buon} wey oom yun (ww) rey Yury SHORG. HpnYD nan mdr AD AL FD OFHL d¥@ 107 d¥G AY VOD LPH NYHd HNYHLE aGigi han think phin hat theo cée tiéu chun ky thuat thi cine (TY) a 4 Si thn Kg, = AOS + AO emis Rieme phn Up glip vy DE ting Kg = AI + A107 cmis = Chi sii déo cia dit J, 2 12 cho todn loi, Rigng phn wip be ting Jy 2 17 = He si diim chat cia dit 151 1d di vi thin dip Id 2 095 OF ving tigp giép 1d = 0.90 Mic d5 dim bio he s6 dim chat K = 0! {ng si mau dy kitm tra, = Yeu edu thi nghigm fién tue trong qua trink dp. Lip dép 0,20 + 0.4m, phai dure dim chat va ayghigm thu chat Iwong dat doe cic chi $6, K dim nén, td, J,, KO thi méi cho dip Lip lop sau, = GF cae ksp dip cit 200 m3 dit dip Liy 1 miu kim tra, or ving tigp giip v6 eat céch 20m + Som kiy 1 mdu, é ving sit be ting vai dip Ky 3 mdu, quanh cée dng lay 1 méu trén 1 Ging, oF ct do hin Kiy 2 mau quanh 1 edt Thye 1 thi cOng, do ahigu yu 16 inh hudng nén dé hi nghigm nhanh doe cée kEt quit tren Ta RG stk kho khan, Vi tinh chit vit eda vat lew & cae m6 6 bin dong Kom si deo ~ Bo fim ww nhién We-ziso ding We 6 + 65% I= 544% Cho nga d6i visi dit cia mii md phil xde dink dung trong kigm tra riéng khi dp vio loi dap. Vi dt d8i vii md 27 yey = 1,7 Tim3, md da yoq = 145 dit do gay khO khan khi kit tra chit rong dip dit vio dip néu lly & ce md khéc nhau. Vite xc lip duge nhimg phuung phap thé nghigm ob higu qui nhanh, ket qua chinh xéc la yeu ei Wn what dB dat duce te do dip dip cao. 2) Phong phip thi nghigm dit tiéu chun : 21 Xde dink he so dim chat dat td Chi sO d& danh gid chat Iuong lip dit dip co quan he dén tal ca ce chi sO. kitm tra khdic He s6 Id duro tinh theo cing thire uo Trong dé: exer <5 1a dung trong khO cia dit chat nhd hon Smm thre 18 dép. Yegrr,<5 lt dung trong khd in nhit eda dat 6 hat ahi hoa Smm theo ly thuyét kitm tra duoc.Dung trong khd cia dit hat ahd yex pp < S$ xi€ dinh theo cdng thite : 75 Trome d6, 7x a dung trong kh itm tra = KR AE si tinh quy ai wr y, km hom Smm (D> $) 66 trong mi ss 3 I haw, DE tinh duoc r¢xmStheo nbigu lost dit duoc thudn tig cing tung tw da Kip bing tinh sin d8 xée dinh | Dung trong ti da cia dat 66 hat nhd va do fim cin thiét d® dim nen chat Wp phy thude vao hong ngim nude phan tir tt da (dd Am phan tir cue dai Wayyyy) theo bing. sau - - | in awe TE Tw PAT RT w | Worn | | i | | 8 Bm en sh Why; | 218 | 227 | 209 | 241 | ane | : L | ees] | Dang trong ma hat abo va | 199 fuse [18s [ust | aw) aa | | Dang na ab | | | (Tint tones 2 ij } | leasaulctlical STe Tae y Eye] Wrp % | 325) 3381 35 | 36 | 374) 387 | 399 | sna P aad | 430 | aa | go Yes <8 | 144 | ttt | 1 | a7 | 1s | tas [131 [129 [128 | na6 | 2s [12 Di wii cdc ma khéc nha chi tieu cor bin d& dé « cée Khoi Khéte nhaw véHi niu thi aghiém di xde dinh duroe cae chigu, xir I nhanh chine Khi thi cdng, | 7| tenms | BO im w [DS am & | Wer | gid han | | kin Wp? MBA Kasia pna_ TR-1oe | 1210" | ec | pee z oa fae i Tokai char i a x tm —| Cir H 30 wis Tai-Too, 12] Khai 2 i 7 iat 4 | Fax (ete a] Fi | 18 ais) as baa ae 1B aes a hely aa] i "iKA Te i i 1.36 Hr t 1st | [tes Cie tH SG d6 Sim Ur mien We, di fim 6 gids han kin Wp(?i) chi si deo Jy, 8 im tsi wu Woy dung tron GH day CAqay Tm 8a HE SG thm Keb Gu diswe thi nehigm vi tinh tosin theo phiromg phap chun 2.2) Xav inh dung trong kh 108i da ctia dit phu dude vie dé dim 186i sew 1 ¥ cxma AWosy m Con 4 OF day © 4 1a trong feerng riéng eda hit (Tn3) (Xée dink bing phuwrag phap tht nghigm chun) = Goay + Mige dO im phit hop veri do chat dim nen (44) 101 uw = Wor: d0 im 16 wu eda dit (74) Mae dé fim phi hop voi do chat dim tdi uu phu thude viw chi si déo, ctia dit Trong qué {inh thé nghigm trung tam thi nghigm cing tring cine séi xi nghigp khiw sit“Wdia chat da xe dinh quan he tuycn tinh gitta Gg) vt WP Gosy = 272 WP + 079 ° u chun, Trong do = WP 1a do fim wii han Kain cia dit thu duore nhiy th nghiém iy~ Trong wong rigng A cba dit cing eG quan hg tuyén tinh vii ie da, A = 0544 WP + 2.58 @) = Cang theo két qua 6 im ti ww va do fim gidi han Hin eng ¢6 quan Ne tuycn tinh Worr = 0.68 WP + 0.06 “ Dui day la cae bibu dd bibu thi ee quan he (2), (3), (4): Biku dB cae quan he (2) (3) (4) Dai vei MOL sii md dit set ning 6 mMbigu dic tung gin gidne nhaw mh Me Ba Ma, Hb, 444 qua mhiéu k8t quit ny ‘quan iter dune trome ti | di va dai long do im ti uu tron co st sit dung ee céng thie (1. 2 3 4) n ctu dixie kip duoe su two f ra CKmax OWogy + 166Wog + 2.02 ‘0 j fon FS ‘ow | Owan he nay dave bigu thi bing bitu ds sau We |Yraane BEL DO 18 Tale a 7 To “ : + ol tT [| thd tT ADF Shack. “ e TT NSN a LE 7 CI I : yw, ae azo aut att o8t ose ato et ang OT Ha on an elo OW a on ok Tot Dai vehi vat HOU md 13, dung trong ti da due xie Lip bang quan hE tuyén tinh vei do im ti ru, ¥ cxmar = 1935 = 173 Woe a) DO fim Wi uu cia dit duoc xc dinh WW I thudin vei dd fim phan tir ti da cia nd, Wor 23 Was ca) IseWain do fim phan ti 161 da cia dit durge xée din bing phyong phip mdi-tewimg trong phong thé nghiém. 2.3) Xée dinh dung trong khd (i da céa dt phu thude vao dd Am phn 1k ei da. Cing bing nhitu thf nghiém, trung tim thi nghiém da xéc dinh due quan hé sau cho céc 6 13a, 14a, 14b, Ada, 045Wiin + 2.04Wyyiy + 2.02 12MM + 366Wygy FO (8) Yekmax ‘Va phwong trinh sau cho mo 13, Yekmay = 1.935 ~2.125°'Weyans 0 Ngoai ket qui nghién eu thye t dic két due bang’ cée quan he (1) +(9), cing trong con lap bing bigu quan he guiira gid tri dd chat ti thiBw cho phép cia dit dink Két v6i dai wong do im phan ur tdi da W yang? Phuong tinh kinh nghigm tren di cho phép xéc dinh nhanh chong céé chi tiéu dim nén ciia dat bing bitu do lip sin. im rT Pd ee Tuy nhién, cong trudng da ludn tudn kitm tra ngat_aghto bing phurong phép-chuin, truyén la dio hd, ly mau kidm tra nguyén dang va so sanh vii tinh tein & ofe Gong thite trén thy ring két qua hiu nhwr giéing nhau. (xem bitu dB trang sau) 3 Cée phurong php thi nghigm ohanh va két qua DE dat duye te do dép dap cao, ngodi céc bi¢n php thi cong véi trinh dp cor gidi hign dai. Phuong phép thi nghigm d& kitm dinh chat lryng dip timg lop c6 ¥ nghia ce Ay quan trong, Vi dB itm tra he 56 dim chat 1y eta dit dfp viv 161 dip theo tang Ip phil qua ede thi rghitm sau = Lily mai xe dinh do im ww nbign W, = Lay mau xic dinhdo im phan tir cue dai Wayyay ~ Ly mau xe dinh dung trong irt yy Istae 1 450 440! 450 Ato ca om eb on 0% OR 0% 040 044 0n8 = Xée dinh ham hrgng hat kin hon Smm c6 trong mau xac dinh dung trong w6t. Tw do xéc dink ySEKpr VAY cKaus rs) aga = ewe dat 095 6 ving gidta dip hay 5, Ks eK mas = 0,90 6 ving tigp giép nhw ti chun khong ? DG Am phin tik eye dai, va dG Jim tir nhign neu sy trong 10 sdy.tiéu chun, diGu chink mhigt dO & 105°C phi mat 7 + Sh midi c6 ket qui, Trong khi yeu cu thi cdng sau 1 lop dp 1 + 2h phii due aghiém thu xong a? dip lp tip theo, Nén, & cOng trudng’ cae dom vi thi aghiém da nghién cau cai 6 higu qua nhanh ma chat hang vin dim bio. ién phuong phép kitm tra 3ele Cai tién cong tée ty mdu kidm tra: Dit van chuyén dén dd vao dip theo timg 6 va doe may Gi san think, lép khOog 1bm hom Mem, Sau d6 tign hank dm d dat tidu chun, Thong thurdng saw khi dim dat moi ly, miu kitm tra, © day d& xéc dinh do tim tw nhign va dd fim phan tir ewe dai, th nghiém Ly miu gay khi m6i san nth xong mi chia dim. Sau khi dim chat lay miu dB xée dioh dung trong va thanh phin hat d>Smm. Chd Ky mau va say khi dim tai ching 1 toa dé Trong thoi gian dim, mu dit duye thi mghigm a xée dink dG Am, COn dung trong va thanh phiin hat 2 Smm dinve xéc dink ahanh hon. ‘ Bign phap Iiy méu trurée ny cling tiét kigm durge thoi gian thi nghiém cho 1 lop trén 2h. Tuy nbign dd c6 kot qua 161, phai co phurong phap thé nghi¢m nhanh hon. 15232: Phuromg phép tht nghitm nhanh mdu dat . A Xe dinh a9 tm bang phirong phép do khsi hrong (Con duege got 1a phweone phi thiy phan) . a Dung cu tht nghiém cb : ~ Binh d® xée dinh d6 Bm c6 thd ich V = 3 + 5'Iu ~ Can dia chinh xéc en durge tir 1 + 10 kg. ~ Dao gat miu, que khusy-mdu Sang tiéu chun Smm ~ Ca mic nude, qua bop cao su. b- Cie bred ont nghigm ~ Binh vach sin mic 3 + 5 lit. D3 mucée vio binh sit vach dinh mite ; san a6 ding. qua bop cao su digu chink ding vanh mie, Bink phai d& cin bang sau khi neréc lang, chinh xée anh mic, lau ko ngoat bink, dia cin xéc dinh trong long binh vA muse gol Petkg). (atte hii sach). KEt qua cn phai ghi sd. ~ Chuiin bj khdi hong dit d2 xée dink 5 im. + d6i v6i dé 6 ham Ione hat d>Smm tir 1 + 10% Hy Khoi trong 2 chute, by, sh thuong dén Sok. Mdu dit dwa thi nghigm d& xic inh ghi dS fim (lly ra) : PL = OS + 1 kg + Khi dit 06 d>Smm chiém trén 10% P= 1s 2ke + Ham Iwong hat d>Smm xée dink bing céch loc qua sing, + Xe dink d6 fm, dang it muse hom (khodng 1/3 lugng trén). cho dit vio (hoo Pr chon). Sau dé tip tue dd nue va digu chink dén vach chulin ban du. Neve ddng tai tau sach ben ngoai binh va xée dink duye trong long cia binh + nue + dit (hi higu TAP). Ret qua do duoc ghi sb va tink W theo céng thie, We = x100 (%) W 18 dd im cba dit do duve (¢é) P,: Trong Iwong miu dat d& xéc dink do im (g, kg) Po: Trong Iwong binh va nude & mite chun (g, kg) Pose! Trong Iyeng binh + mute + dit & mite chudn (g, kg) 4: Ty trong cia dat, 1: TY trong cia nuée, 153Uw ditm cia phuong phap niy ki trong trudng hop Khong 66 dign d& siy vin thr nghigm duve : dung cy don gitn, , Nineye didm + Thoi gian xic dinh think phiin hat d>Smm tau mat tir 1+ 2h cho 1 mds = Laromg nunsre sit dung d® xie dinh dO Sim cin ahigu trong 1 ca thi nghi ‘Trong mita lanh thao tic Kho khan dB sor suit, B+ Xéc dinh 49 lim dat bang phwong phip siy & nhigt dO cao a= Dung cu thi nghigm = Ti. siy hode 19 nung ty didu chinh dive mbigt do dén 250°C = Hop ahom €6 np day + bink céch im ~ Dao got mau, sting Sm = Cin. ky thuat be Cle biede tnt nghién = Mau dit Miy v8 ding dao got miu bim nhd ra, sau d6 sing qua sang Smm, DE loai bo dat 6 d>Smm = Tron that déu miu dit co d << Smm, kéy dit cho va0 hop nhdm (66 dnb si thir tw va trong lung hop di dire cin trusse) Trong huang dit cho vio hop gy = 1g ~ Lau,sach bén ngoai hp, cn xée dinh trong lueng dit + hop (g,). Két qua ghi vio sb. = Mir nfp hop ra cho vio th sy, e6 mhigt do dén 250°C, Sau khodng 30 phit ly miu ra, cho vio binh cfch Am, dB ngui trong thoi gian 10 phit & nhigt d) trong phong. ~ Khi miu di nguot dem ‘can xéc dinh trong Ivong hop + d&t khd (g,) Xe dinh : we fi 2 100 (%) W 1a do tim cia dat dip (%) & 1 trong lwong hop + dat wot (g) a 1A trong hong hop + dat khd (g) (Qua thu t& phuong phap nay c6 sai sé so vii phurong phap chun La sy c+ nhigt dO 105°C. Nhung sai sé nim trong giéi han cho. phép.BANG SO SANH KET QUA THI NGHIEM.2 PHUONG PHAP cut § NHIET BO CHUAN VA 6 NHIGT BO cao ss The w [| W% 6 t=109C | W% ot = 250°C i ech ae + [305 305 0.05 ! 2 36,70 370 110 3 4160 42,45 185, 4 3645 3730 085 5 39,10 39,60 050 6 23,10 24,50 | 040 7 19.40 21,00 160 ~ Phung phip nay da rit ngin thoi gian sy méu phyc vy kip thoi cho te do dip dip bict & nhimng giat doan dip dip chéng 1d 1986, 1987, 1988 tir cao dé 25 dén cao. do 98 va 103, Nincore itn: Phai c6 ti siy ur diGu chin nhigt d5 cao : ~ Dit sy & mhigt do cao phai Ki dit 66 cho phép dén 8% fan tich iru cer ft hon 3% trong khi quy pham Hai phuong phap thi nghigm nhanh trén tuy o6 d6 chink xde chua nhurng cho phép dt nghi¢m xudng con 1+ } an Ui dp dap theo 6 qua cao mbit, xie dinh ce chi nhanb chong rat ngdn tho gi eG khi chi 45_phuit. Vi vay khi bo trf dng b6 thiét bi dim nén, hi BS Ur 2 0 dp dai xp x1 a GO én 100m Ia sir dung thigt bj c6 33 TO chic cong tde kidm tra chat heong img lop tal hién neong Cée phuong phép thi nghiém dit hign true dure 1 chite wt trong qui trinh dip dit abi 6 trung tim thi nghiém voi doi nga cn b9 céng hin cé kinh nghiém, lién tye lim viée | tren cic 6 dip, “Mi ca throng. bO tri 1 ky swt trurdng dia chat, 113 kit tra, Jay mdu va thi nghigm tai hign trurong md dat, cét va dap, Lim vige trong 1 va-gOng di dérig trén mat dp, 1 03 thi nghigm trong, phing. o ~ Dao ving iy mau dong kinh d = 100mm, | én trvdng dung cy léy mu dit kitm tra e6 | v = 750 + 780 cm’ = Bo dong méu,cusi lty my + dao got mau ‘Tromg va-gdng 5 Wd sy, bp kit tra thy hia, BO sing, cin va cic phuong tign tinh tofn, Trinh tw lay méu, kim tra Miu d& kid tra do Bm, ly saw khi san bop. Miu khie lay sau khi Kop dit da durge dim nén chat Lay miu kitm tra : Ding cusc, cutic bd I6p tron mat di tir S + 10cm va gat phing, eude rong Fa sung quanh trénk phi vor két cfu cha 6p dat di dim, d2 lai mot khoi dit c6 dang im tra cae chi tiu dim nén va chi tiéu 155y hinh lang try eyt, to bon kich thurée eba dao vong. Lip dio ving ify miu vao'bd liy mtu, Chieu got vat cia dao vong quay xu6ng diéi dé Ify mu nguyén ven. ThA qua dim roi theo chitu thing dimg cho dén khi miu dst dong vio dao vOng 6 chiéu cao cao hom dao vag. Nhe nhang théo bo dong miu ra, ding cue cude dit xung quanh lay miu dao cb dit miu ben trong Ken. Khi cuée khong d cutie cham vao dao vong Mang méu vio va-gong thi nghigm, duag dao got miu phing hal diu bing mép ciia dao iy, Khi gat diu'mdu d4t & dao ving, dao got c6 chiéu mai vat mOt phia, got nguye vo pha trong long ngui got. Sau khi got; ding dao go mhg, miu dit ra khOi dao voog, dua len cin dt xée dinh trong lgng miu dat, Ket qua ghi vao sb tht nghi¢m. ‘Tar miu dit é dao vong xic dink hamslygng d = Smm, léy mdu xéc dinh We, Weare Trutmng hop miu dit liy d2 xée dink d9 chat phal liy ding toa d6 da Kiy miu dB xéc dinh Wor Waanan Cae bude tinh toain nhl xée dink = Dung trong wit 7.9, = Ham lngng % eo hgt d>Smm = Dung trong Kho oa dat 7K, Dung trong khd cba dit nbd yox < 5 Dung trong kitm tra vege <5 = [Wyn va Yeoxktmar <5 Tir cde thing si tren tinh he si dim chat = le Sex.r Voi digu kitn Iy 2 095 & ving gitta dip va ly = 0.90 & ving Lisp giip ct va bE Hing La dat yeu cau thicL KE, C6 kEt qua nay ki sb bign trudng cho dap lisp tisp theo. Kiém tra & md 1a thrdng xuyén kitm tra, giim sit khal thie dito gong xtc Chat hrgng dat & guong xtc thirdng di duye dank gid trurée Ie cho xtc. Thi nghi¢m kim tra tai guong chi yéu quan sét bang mat va diy chinh vi tri xGe hog chi thi loai bd nhimg via dit khong dat chat hong, d& nhdim khi dit-da vin chuyén ra dap la c6 chit Tiong, khOng gay ling phi Tron loi dap cb tht nghigm gidm sat thurimg xuyén & 6 dp chat Hin vao va xée dink, kidm tra mige d® dim nén, dae bigt 12 fe nhim kitm tra loai bd tap ige dim nén & khu Up gisp. Do c td chite cong téc kiém tra lién tuc, thirdng xuyén trong moi theri dim dép, Mie thoi 6 phuong phap thi aghiém nhanh, Toc > dép dat da dat ky lye vio nam 1987, nang suit dat hon 130 ngin m3 dat trong 1 thang voi chiéu cao dp lén Lmu/thang. 156Ket qui chat long dép ludn ludn dere hoi. ding nghigm thu cor sir va HOt abiage Hhiem thu nha nucée dinh gid ki dim bao va thda min cae you cu thiGt KE. Tuy ahién co mhoehgehd da khong dat, céng truvng di phai xr ly tin kém nhy dao di dép lai phn 181 sét-tigp lap vai dp. sau dén Sm. ' Kt qua chung kigm tra ddim chit cae nim nh saw Mate d@ thoa min DO dim chat kitm tra Ly Bo phan nam 7 T | eda lab dap mS tome | TRS | BNO | 1987 | to a “Toa [090 | 097 | 096°) onrs io Mine wp atin faz | amt | aes |e fog |e} M. Thé ngh _ itm tra chat ltrong diip cit séi ; 1. Cie you Clu kit tra: Cat sO duwe dip vie dap UW Gie bai trie dive bit HULU ome some Keng hire tay ht In 350-806 M. Trong qual trink ue hit bi Kem ail thi mghigm tharong ‘wie dink die tinh ky thu ce ving duve bi Vanchuytn cit sii hoe xe eét sii bik v2 dip vio Khu size nao ety dip. dBW pl i theo hong dn eta thé aghicm, . 1 Kigm tra chit luony cit sii dip vio dap dua trén cic tigu chun thigt KE duoe ghi & ee TVR, TYSA, TY3B, TY3D. Nai dung chi you eo Kido tra sat Tigu Khdng dire phép chita cue dit st, a set sa ce rd cay qua $7 = Git soi dip vio dip (ving chuytn tip) phai dm bio thanh phiin hat gidi han, trong dé + Vat ligw nim trén ducting cong trung binh (hin hop cit si thighs skip ve vi ip wi Joi dip, p ~ Vat Tigu nde duréi during cong trung binh (thign In) dép sit voi kip chuytn tigp da abe (xem bitu dG durdng cong gigi han cit sh Bing thank phiin hat due digw chinh & cée TY. Vi du G TY-3 08 gigi han nur sau Duong cong Gis han Duong kinh phiin vie mm, Ham fyemng i an] cua] <3 ] sm | tren [wo 7] 8 | ow lo i belie ls= Kidm ira do dim chat cit s6i (ly) 8 tf SS dung trong. thure 1@ (yy) va dung trong mixta) Nic dinh bing phyong phap rung phii dat ly 2 0.8 phir hop voi do chat, txyng aii 1, = 0.90 = Dung trong kh6 hdn hop cit sii phu thude vao him lrgng hat hd hom Smm, clin trong 2idi han ghi trong bing sau (TY-3) DO chat Roe rrv'man Ry = 098 | 19s 169 = Kitm tra quy trinh dap cat soi la vem xét vige san lop phai theo timg bai, chigw day lip a duve cho phép tir 03 + 08m v6i phuong tign dim hank Kip, lop dim 0,4 + 05m Ta phi hop. Cat kh6 phi tri fim voi mite di 80 + SOL mureim* theo chi din eta thi nghigm. = Dd chit va thinh phin cp phi cia hda hop cit sdi dip vae dap phai duwe kitm tra vei 1 1G fa | mduid0im? dip va tang ting wi ede teu chudin ky thud 2 Phurwng phiip vi phuong tign kiém tra thi nghiém 1a. Kidm tra thank phion hat Sang d& xéc dinh thinh phiin hat ¢6 15 Néu Lim thi nghigm qua tat ci ee sing, die bi 1a 30 + 45 phat DE C6 két qua nhanh cho sing qua ew sing Smm tude, eb doe ty 1 ed hat Smm, Con hat 095 + 098 va to = 9021" tieu chun thiée ke Gis tsi dung trong dim chat giéi han la gié ti trong dot dim. Theo két qué dm ch§t nbiéu Bin, xdy dung ding quan he do chat t6i da cia ad edt sdi tir ham hong cée co hat nbd hon Smm. Ouan I nly di dive fap cho md 46, mb 7 c6 quan WE tuyén tinh vA dive rit ra theo cong thite. Yan = 24 = 05m < 5S Trong dé m

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