\documentclass{article}

\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}

\title{óptica}
\author{jortizr1998 }
\date{August 2020}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\section{PROBLEMAS}
4.54. Utilice las ecuaciones de Fresnel para demostrar que la luz incidente a
$\theta_{p} = \frac{1}{2}\pi - \theta_{t}$, da como resultado un haz de luz
reflejado que está realmente polarizada.

Solucion.

\begin{equation}
r_{\perp} = -\frac{Sin(\theta_{i}-\theta_{t})}{Sin(\theta_{i}+\theta_{t})}
\end{equation}
donde $\theta_{i} = \theta_{p}$
\begin{equation}
r_{\perp} = -\frac{Sin(\frac{\pi}{2} - \theta_{t}-\theta_{t})}{Sin(\frac{\pi}
{2} - \theta_{t}+\theta_{t})}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
r_{\perp} = -\frac{Sin(\frac{\pi}{2} - 2\theta_{t})}{Sin(\frac{\pi}{2} )}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
r_{\perp} = -Sin(\frac{\pi}{2} - 2\theta_{t})
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
r_{\perp} = -Sin(\frac{\pi}{2})Cos(2\theta_{t}) + Cos(\frac{\pi}
{2})Sin(2\theta_{t})
\end{equation}
tenemos que
\begin{equation}
r_{ll} = \frac{tan(\theta_{i}-\theta_{t})}{tan(\theta_{i}+\theta_{t})}
\end{equation}
donde $\theta_{i} = \theta_{t}$
\begin{equation}
r_{ll} = \frac{tan(\frac{\pi}{2}-\theta_{t}-\theta_{t})}{tan(\frac{\pi}
{2}-\theta_{t}+\theta_{t})}
\end{equation}

\begin{equation}
r_{ll} = \frac{tan(\frac{\pi}{2}-2\theta_{t})}{tan(\frac{\pi}{2})}
\end{equation}
\begin{equation}
tan(\frac{\pi}{2}) \to \infty
\end{equation}
así
\begin{equation}
r_{ll} = 0
\end{equation}
\end{document}