Dalo ****************************a*****

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Ox brdCollege OF Enqineerin4. and

Managemenl
(s1aindakot-2 Namalpur

Foundaton Lngineering dssignment-5

Submiled by Aishwarya Baniy
Symboln 1fOYDEIz
E civi Sixth Sem
Submitted fo ERavi nhimire
Lecturer
Civl EngineerinqDepariment
 Wale:
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Explain about the theoryaarching

and its ppactical inmplication's.

Soil archinaaccurs where there_s a

dteence ine shnesc_between
ie installed strucfore and_the
Surroupding soil lf the Struchure is
Shike tkap the soi then_l0ad aches
on he struchure. Otherwise i_ihe
shvchure is Less sitF than fhe soil
then load arches away Dmphe struchie.
hor ainstance P.azE 0aigiG
Supp.ort Sail massyields the
adjoininq partrles movg with Rspeck
Fhe emajAder e hes0ilnass
his movem eat Îs rLIs ted by ghearine
Stnesseses uwhich reduce_the pressure on-
the4pelding por tton_o he SuppazE
hile jneasin9fhe press vre on the
adlacent rigid Lones Thisphenomppe-
ls called drchlaq hect-
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The psinciple
H
Sand Sand
Sail archinq A
Can be
lusha td by 9 ptt to tm
a pdoor experimeni Trop ddot-
consis.ts
pla tgorm
LEd_uith
Uap daor AB 105
iHal
Prossun
Ihe rap door s .Pregsorn
mounRd ep_a ahPrTowering
Lwel hBng Scale Chot
Shdwn i n a
EL_o the dy Sand laye
he depth
s e N ler9e 9
Ove he sap dooY rap
Comparicoh w i h bhe wid t h a t h e
oor and
mqpdoor
he pressue an lhe
eaeh
hat on the_adsoînsng platfnim
equalual fo TH when tbe rap doopn
O c u p e s L 1 S orlginalposihon
s allawed
w h e h the s a p Hoor
oeSliqhtly in the_dauwnwarddiny

the p Ssu an the la0r_decreases

whereas that an the adainia4 po
of the platfusmM incrtases
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s the prism_ethe Sane tease-

located beto_Ábove_the doox moVes
douwnwards, the shar stesses alonb
t s lakra baundlaies Ap anad he
resist aAd_fhe pressUre On the
ap doOr isdecreased
The pressue becomeg opstanA af R
Sall m0Vemeni.
IEhas been established_thah the
H _pressur an the sap doo is
independent o6 the depth A4he
lay er san d.aboe it
Only_a Small_pos hon the soil
prism shown by thså r a PBE,
Conwibvts p the_pressve on the
p_dooi
 Dats:
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pressom
) DTaDTauw Fhe qpparent rcommendeeastb
dlaqrams
by
desi n
r cots ih S ad
Terzaghi and Peck lay-
meolivm
and SotE n
m 1ay- dsign.
n_pressure
apparent Ear
he ecommended
2aqh-
by e r
dia giams C u t s _ i n Various sai
and Peck DY
i n f belo
S sbowh
SPt clays
Sand
AMT 0-25 H
H H 0 45 H

Pa-
d K
Pa
RaO.65 ha VH
Pa dH -4c
Uhere Or
KaCSin)
Pa 03H
CItsina)
tanus- Which aer sgeaRr
Por 2
 Ne le N Stabilrty no
ODale
C Page

Stitcloys
0:25H

H
O5H

0.26H

Pa ko dH
fpO.s_Léaeae
Rang eKg : 0:2
C2e0erolly fa ken as 0.3

for
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Puge ************eswoewa
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3Detesmine Ehe loads in the Fhree

Ehre e
Struts ds-Shouon ln gure hespain
OF the struts_alonq
Eke cuthn9 s enytho
Len th o
2 75 (Cc)_D eeTmn
the_ maximum
bendinqmoments
alls assumin9 C 35knim2 in th
18 5 pnl
m

2m

2m

4utin

Helghi o fhe at (H) 26m

Lerer fo"Cen kr Spacinq_alang the lengh
S ) _ Lipo 2 75m
Uni welght ék-the sail cE6 kNID
Cohesiorc 3s knlm2
Stabiliby Number Cn) dH 185Y-
C 35
3.1714
Sop Soil is.stik_elay
 alo ************

Bage
The vaue a ear h _pressure is given_
aan by
Pq 2 Ka d (letka 0-3)
ne 0:3x 18:5x6
the 33:3 KNIm2
T 7Y7AT m o.25 H S
2m Ra
0 SH 5
2m R
m 0.2SH|Sm

rea ction pPr unit

letR Ra R4 be the enshp
Length_n irst Second hirç stnvt
KeSpecHvely

n Spgn cd Md a0
m3

RLr 2 X53.3xh 5)5s)

(t. 5x 333)x1;5
u3. to6 KN
 0
Ra R2 x lSx 333+(S33 3
R2 7y.925
A F4.925-37o6
2 31 219 a KN

bom sy mme r we_Can_0Tle

R Ra' a 31:219 kaN
K R_ 243: 7o6 kN
So
R2 R,l4 Ra'" 31:219Y2
262-4 3 kn
let Pi P2 ara Pa be the_strut load in
ird, second and third struks es
2 RLXS 2 43:7nis 2:752/20.191ku
P2K2 x5 62-438 X2.75 -171py
P3 Ayx5 2 4:706x 2.75120:191E

O SINe maxinum maction_ s at secon

Strwt_(re 62.Y33)KN)ths bendina
oment iS al_maximvm n secand
wale.
 Chals
lupr
M m o r R zS 2 2
62 y382.75*
S9. 0234 kN

D7:75m_deep and 6m wido braced

cut, draw the earth pressue enreLop
and de texmine th e shrut l0ads The
i s iS t y u t d O ads a t Sm below thee
mund surjace a n d Ceptr o centg
Spacin 4 o ether wD Sfruts along
the d p h af_cuE S 2.Sm- [ake
L 8l& Enlm C 30 kNlm2 and ceA es-
cep ter SPacing Of Fhe strlcts
25m
don he leng+h_at CUt
Solu ion
1Sm
Height o_Cut
(H):775m
Center t cmHer 25
kn
kN.
specin adong tbe 2Sm
Unt wetgh
Cohesfon 3 0 nImk
d
TnPr
9ha biI; y num ber (N2 H 2 8X 7:75
30

:6Sm24
SoSoil 1s Sokt Cla4
 Dale *

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age *****************.
e********s

he Valye etearh peesuels-g1e

by
18x 7 75-4X30
19.S IN [m2
Also
Pa 2 0.3

dophnq qeak Value ok Pa

Calala tion o strut loo d
lle4 Ri K2j Ks be he reacton pep
unit len9 th_in tirsty Secon d ad
hidGhts esp

7-752
m 2s
25
 o25H2 SX1:5s 93
Jales **********

*******overeneree*

7
7 - 7 S

0:PS#
52.065
5 R
R2
R
065
3
R
25

I93 7-5

25 R 2.0625
S3T7S
25 R
3.75m
135
Pa-4135
6 g Pssure
EnveloP
Calculainn a strot lOad
Le R, Ro abd Ra be bhe reachon
Per unit lenjhin Airsd4Seeobdgno
third strufs_espectivrl

Takinamorm.eciso the orces_actin

nspapd ad a t d
RX25 y JSrl:937Srf20625 +I933 75
+20625x 18Src 2.062S)
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R=7I.5259 EN

Considerin4 hoDzchtal equlibrium her_

Portion ad

Ra 2 4LSY 135+20625A
79:525++ k'a_ 26 S 7
R 47:3319 N

abing_mom e0ts o the D YES actin

on sean_dA "al o.

xl3:75-125)2 85x 3. 75 y 9:7

2 62 SAAI|9,703 KN

Con siderinq Amion fel equiKbrium od

R s +Rz 485x3.75
R 9.2345 k»
Th uSz
79. S2SJ ÈN
R2c Rz'+ Rz 2 7.23194 3
9.2345
86 566q_KN
K3 7 703 kN-
 Dale:
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Pu P2P be the Strut aods

ist ih
Second &third strut_pespectiely
then
RIXs 79.52 SIx ?.5 98.3IN :
P2 R2 xS 86:5662.5
216 l 6 ED
P RB xs 7 o 3 x2.5
294.25 FN
5For thelanq braccdats bm depth
JFor
As Shownbelou drqw fhe Pressue
Cnvelop and de PYm ng the strut loads
asuming Spacing _o^ Ln:Thee are
hree truts at a b aod C_Ta Ke
KNlm® C 3 o KwlmE

Depth t Cod (H)a bn

Un weLght ( laknlm3
phesioY C) 30 kNlm2

Stqbiliy aumber f'n 7H_a 8x6

30

SOSoil ls S- Clay
 Dale ****************************

02 S
O2SXG

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The value o asth prossue js

9ien by Pa O 3H
3x 18X 6-
32.48C Im2
T R
o 25H S5m
2m OSH m
Rl.
12m
R 0 2SH 1-Sh

Calcolat'on o Struk load

Let AiyR2 an Rz_be t h e roaction
per wn't Lenqth in kirst Second Ohd
"third ShuP respehely
angmamenis_a the Srces ackn
gorces_acbng-
onSpen_ad at d

R Rx2 32 4xl5 x(5T

R 2 525 kn
 Jale
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onsideting hoi3on t_equilibiom

portfon_ad
Rt R2 32Yx/5 +/5x32.
R 30:3 S EA
y Symme by
R2'2 R"30:375Ky
B Rg 2 92 S25 kN
9 Rj 2 q 2. 525 k
K2 3o 3 75 2 2 60 7SK y
R3 y 2 -525
NoW
let P1Pe Po be the strut load
achngat ir_lseond Lthird
ch espectiey
. RxS 2 92.52S2 35-5
P R21s : 60:7SA2 2 12/.Sh_
P R% AS y2.525 2 2 85.0Sk