Handout 3 - Translating-Spaced out fibres-cause-effect

1 Translate.

1 A sheet of a copper-base alloy, already strengthened by suitable cold rolling during manufacture, improves
in structure and strength as it is stamped and formed into a useful machine part.
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2 Polistiren je plastomer koji se može oblikovati u kalupima u komplicirane oblike s finim detaljima.
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3 Rezni alati, kao što su svrdla, turpije i pile, izrađuju se od visokougljičnog čelika, zbog toga što se taj čelik
može kaliti i popuštati pa postaje žilav i istezljiv.
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2 Complete the text using the words below.

shape direction tensile constant stress

force shear expansion length strain

Stress-Strain graph for a ductile material (like copper)

The __________ applied to a material is the _________ per unit area applied to the material that tends to
cause the material to change_________. There are three kinds of stresses:___________, compressive and
shear. Bending produces both tensile and compressive stresses while torsion produces a ___________ stress.
Tensile stress is the stress state leading to ______________; i.e., the length of a material tends to increase in
the tensile direction. The volume of the material stays ______________.
Engineering _____________ is defined as the amount of deformation in the ______________ of the applied
force divided by the initial _______________ of the material.

3 Refer to the presentation (Cause-effect relationship) and relate causes to effects! Match numbers.

1 Ocean tides.
2 Solar batteries need to be recharged frequently.
3 No life on Venus.
4 Solar batteries are impractical for powering cars on
long trips.
5 Candy are high in sugar.
6 Moon’s gravitational pull.
7 No atmosphere on Venus.
8 Candy are bad for the teeth.