3

li>pakikisama (as promotive of our bayanihan spirit); of bayanihan
(as rooted in bayan);</li>
<li>utang na loob (as honoring one’s debt, and hence, as palabra de honor)</li>
<li>hiya (as a badge of honor: “may hiya” rather than a stigma of shame:
“walang hiya”);</li>
<li>paternalism (as rooted in the Latin “pater,” transforming itself into love of
fatherland.) Rizal called on our youth as “Fair Hope of the Fatherland.”</li>
<li>These values served as foundational blocks for nation-building.</li>
</ul>
My MOS award was a tour of Calcutta, Malaysia, Singapore, Bangkok, Taiwan, and Tokyo. As
student-envoy, I soaked in indelible images of our shared roots with Asians.
As speaker at a forum on “Philippine-American Trade Relations,” with Hilarion Henares, Jr., former
National Economic Council Chair, and then Undersecretary of Finance Cesar E.A. Virata, I approached
the topic as a student of history (Ateneo) and of law (University of the Philippines). Among others, I
called for the abrogation of American-imposed “Parity Rights.” I ended by quoting Claro M. Recto: “Our
aims are simple and well-defined: to preserve the integrity of our national territory, to safeguard the
independence and liberties of our people, and to promote their welfare by the enforcement of our
rights and the fulfillment of our obligations. It is on this irreducible basis of national interest that we
should build our foreign relations.”
On May 10-12, 1970, UP Student Council Chairs Jerry Barican and Tony Pastelero and I staged a
Hunger Strike at Malacanang Palace. Alien control of our economy underscored my grievance.
At the First United Nations World Youth Assembly, in New York City (July 15-Aug. 20, 1970), the
Department of Foreign Affairs designated me to head our delegation. 750 delegates from all over the
world elected me to the 18-member Steering Committee as Asia’s representative. As Filipino and Asian, I
served as sole Vice-Chair of the General Assembly.
A month later at the ConCon, I ran in the 18-seat First District of Rizal. My campaign was conducted
in Pilipino. After losing (40th out of 212 candidates), I served as Administrative Head & Special
Technical Assistant to Delegate Gil Puyat, Jr. The Economic Planning & Implementation Committee
that he chaired created the National Economic Development Authority.
I joined SyCip Salazar Luna Manalo & Feliciano law offices, and later I went on academic leave
so that my wife and I could obtain our LL.M.s at Harvard Law School. After my training with Ropes
& Gray in Boston and Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton in Washington, D.C. and New York, we
returned home. I rejoined SyCip Law and later resigned, to head and organize First Philippine Holding
Corporation’s legal department. IFC’s then Assistant General Counsel Walter F. Norris interviewed me in
Manila from a host of Filipino lawyer applicants. I joined the International Finance Corporation (a private
sector affiliate of the World Bank) in Washington, D.C. on June 30, 1980, ostensibly as a Filipino lawyer-
recruit.
At the Combined International Philippine American Association’s (CIPAA) Senior Citizens’ cultural
heritage program in 1984, I spoke on Filipino values, covering, in addition, care for the elderly, the
homeless, and the disabled, and Asian values, such as preference for consensus-building and respect for
the advice of elders. The Asian bamboo symbolizes resiliency— bending at the height of a storm but
never breaking. In the search for our roots— Filipino and Asian, I referred to the Kalahari bushman in
Southern Africa, “If you remove him from his native soil, he pines and then he dies. That is true of our
identity, our native soul. If we are transported away from our roots, then our identity is not only
betrayed, it is lost.”
At the “Gunita Kay Pepe” Memorial, I said: “Twenty years ago on Rizal Day, on June 19, 1966, I
received a plaque on which Senator Jose W. Diokno’s signature is engraved. I treasure that award
because if he at that time was a model to Filipino youth for his nationalist stance, he has become more
so today, as exemplified by his life-long struggle as a Filipino nationalist.” “The Senator towered above
the rest of us in his love for our country. But if this were all he were to be remembered for today, he
would probably be disappointed. For to him: “Filipino nationalism is more than patriotism. Filipino
nationalism is the determination to uphold the sovereignty of the Filipino people, the right of all
Filipinos— not just of a few and definitely not of foreigners— to freely decide the destiny of the
nation.”
Nationalism and patriotism are intertwined. Fr. de la Costa, S.J.’s brilliant mind articulates
nationalism as consisting of an ideology and a commitment; a nation as a people with a common
political allegiance that is based on a tradition, i.e., a shared historical experience that is principles-based
and values-based; a consensus, i.e., a shared understanding of the national identity, of the common
good, and of the rights and duties of citizens; and a compact, i.e., a shared agreement based on the
national tradition and the national consensus. This compact is an agreement: to come to the nation’s
defense; to contribute to the nation’s development; and to strengthen international friendship.
Excerpting Fr. de la Costa, a nationalist is one who commits himself: to embody the national
tradition in his ideology, while adapting the principles and values of that tradition to the challenges of
the present; to win national consensus for that ideology; and to give direction to the national compact
by reducing that ideology to a practicable plan of action. (pp. 72-74) But “It is doubtful, however,
whether reasonableness alone, even if it had ‘justice as its sole end and honest labor as its sole means,’
can bring about that ‘perfect union.’” Hence, patriotism (love of country) is needed.” (p. 81)
Fr. de la Costa’s principles and values, derived from national tradition, are” Pagsasarili:
the will to secure for every Filipino the means to develop himself as a responsible human being.
Pakikisama: the willingness to share with one another the burdens as well as the rewards of
living together. Pagkakaisa: the building up of an articulated national community through
forms of social organization understood, accepted, and undertaken by the people themselves.
Pagkabayani: the readiness to put the common good of the nation above the private
interest … Pakikipagkapwa-tao: human solidarity… understood as, first of all, a dedication to
the development of one’s own nation, so as to enable it to participate in free and equal terms in the
total development of mankind.” (p. 84)
Fr. de la Costa’s approach for the Philippines is “to undertake national development as a process of
liberation and integration.” Thus, “before development can mean peace, it must mean
liberation.” As to integration, “For the whole object of seeing people free is that they
may be free to work together, free to collaborate in the building of a social order that shall be just.” For
him, “The whole thrust of our historic experience as a people has been toward pagsasarili…
It was to this end, that every Filipino may at last, in Recto’s words, rise from the knees he has bent in
beggary, that our heroes, our bayani, made the sacrifices that they made.” (p. 87)
Fr. de la Costa’s referencing of Recto allows us to segue to the foremost Nationalist and the Father
of the Philippine Constitution.
Turning to Recto, “A Filipino cannot call himself a nationalist unless he is one with his people’s
history and has enshrined in his heart the precepts and examples of our heroes and martyrs.” I find
compelling Recto’s insight, that “Nationalism is nourished by a sense of history.” (pp. 3-4)
In Washington, D.C., on June 12, 1993, I founded, with Marcia Cruz, “Rizal Day & Youth Awards
Day.” I modeled the event after the Philippines’ “Ten Outstanding Students” awards, bringing into full
circle Rizal’s appeal to our youth as the “Fair Hope of the Fatherland.”
I highlighted 5 aspects of Rizal’s greatness, with the initial letters spelling out his name:
<ul>
<li>Renaissance Man.</li>
<li>Ideas articulated through his novels Noli Me Tangere and the El
Filibusterismo.</li>
<li>Zeal for his country which led to his return home, where “I must wake from its slumber the spirit of
my country.” (Fr. John N. Schumacher, S.J., p. 93).</li>
<li>Asian Nationalist. For British biographer Austin Coates, Rizal was “the first exponent of Asian
nationalism.” “Though the revolt failed, the idea of modern nationhood as a practical possibility in Asia
had been born. This was due to Rizal.” (p. xxix, p xxvii)</li>
<li>For Rizal, education and the study of one’s heritage were important to the national task. “History
was at the very heart of his nationalism.” “It offered the key to national identity.” (Schumacher, p.
108).</li>
</ul>
Sir Rogelio N. Alama, East Coast Regional Commander, appointed me Chapter Commander of the
Order of Knights of Rizal, on June 18, 1995, at the Philippine Embassy.
Upon the invitation of Dr. Bernardita Churchill-Reyes, I presented my paper, “The Philippine
Nationalist Movement amidst Asian Nationalist Movements: 1860-1900s,” at the “International
Conference on the Centennial of the 1896 Philippine Revolution,”
Aug. 21-23, 1996, Manila Hotel.
After 3 years of preparation, culminating on June 12, 1998, we celebrated the Centennial of
Philippine Independence. I chaired the Coordinating Committee. At the National Mall, the Philippines
was featured as a guest country (kudos to Margaret Sullivan), with the Baltic Nations. A bamboo replica
of the facade of historic Barasoain Church towered above.
I delivered my paper: “Dr. Jose P. Rizal: The Renaissance Man and the First Nationalist” at the Rizal
Sesquicentennial Forum, upon the invitation of Philippine Arts Letters & Media Council (PALM)
President Mitzi Pickard. Dr. Reyes-Churchill and Miss Anna Bantug-Herrera were also featured speakers.
(June 16, 2011, Philippine Embassy)
My piece, “Honoring Andres Bonifacio, Father of the Philippine Revolution,” was published in the
June 2013 Philippine Independence Gala Ball souvenir program.
A proud moment was my raising the Philippine flag at the Embassy during an Independence Day
celebration, thanks to Col. Regino J. Calub, Jr., Assistant Defense & Military Attache, Philippine
Embassy.
Nationalism and patriotism form one integral unity. That unity reflects consciousness combined with
courage: the consciousness of one’s “Filipino-ness” and “Asian-ness;” and the courage to struggle
against divisive forces.
On “consciousness: my first “coming to America” was to represent the Philippines at the 1st UN
World Youth Assembly. I was elected by the general assembly as Asia’s representative. My second
“coming to America was to attend Harvard Law School. My wife and I returned home as the first Filipino
(perhaps Asian) married couple to obtain our LL.M.’s at Harvard. My third “coming to America” was to
join International Finance Corporation, World Bank affiliate, which assists projects in “emerging
economies.” Starting with IFC projects in Southeast Asia/East Asia, I also worked on projects in Sub-
Saharan Africa, and pioneer countries in Eastern Europe, and engaged in projects in the Baltic states,
Egypt, and the Dominican Republic. My first project happened to be a Philippine project; my last project
was, by my choice, a Philippine project, serendipitously named Asian Hospitals, Inc.
 
<h2 style="text-align: center;">Part II. Advocacy: A Call to Courage </h2>
(A) The Contemporary Scene:

<ol>
<li>“pagkakaisa” (national struggle for a “perfect union”) vs. “fragmentation:”</li>
</ol>
Fr. Horacio de la Costa, S.J. warns us, “It is precisely the fragmentation of our society that is the most
prolific source and the strongest bulwark of the injustices that prevail among us. Our struggle for
liberation must therefore be not only against the forces that now divide our national community, but
against the forces that would further divide it, and transform what is already a fragmentation into an
anarchy.” He stresses that achieving a “perfect union” must be “without distinction into class”:
“The thrust of our historic experience is, in equal measure, toward the achievement of self-possession
through equitable sharing within a national community, by pagkakaisa through
pakikisama; or as our Declaration of Independence put it, by the coming together of all
citizens, without distinction into class, into a perfect union.” (p. 87)
Against such backdrop, Pedro Alejandro Paterno deserves his day in court. He has been maligned by
“nationalist” historians. I put “nationalist” in quotes because I believe their school of thought is
misguided, being driven by the divisive theory of class-conflict.
Can one justly deny Pedro A. Paterno’s contribution to nationhood, in being the first to sow seeds of
national consciousness? Fr. John N. Schumacher, S.J. writes, in The Making of a Nation:
“The literary and artistic accomplishments of Filipinos in Spain correspond to these two phases in
the development of nationalism… The initial step was represented by Pedro Paterno’s slight book of
verses, Sampaguitas, published in 1881.” (p. 120) Further, “… we may see the second phase
in which at least some of the Filipino nationalists would attempt to create art and literature distinctively
Filipino. The first hint of the new outlook is once again Pedro Paterno, with the first attempt at the
Filipino novel, Ninay.” (p. 122).
In my view, Pedro A. Paterno’s contribution, if imperfect, was not inconsequential; if modest, was
not marginal; and if seminal, was foundational.
Isn’t Pedro A. Paterno’s negotiation of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato at least a tacit recognition by Spanish
colonial power of the legitimacy of the cause of our revolutionary forces? A “First Day of Issue”
Philippine stamp, post-marked Oct. 25, 1973 (reissued separately on April 16, 1974) honored him as
“Diplomat of the Revolution.”
Pedro A. Paterno served as President of the Malolos Congress. His detractors interpret the Malolos
Congress as a betrayal of the revolution. But the “revolution” they speak of is that of the “masa,” based
on their theory of class conflict. That said, the Malolos Congress duly enacted the Malolos Constitution.
Why not proudly recognize the Malolos Congress for its historic and monumental enactment of the
Malolos Constitution, which enables the Philippines to be called the “First Constitutional Republic in
Asia!”
<ol start="2">
<li>Of Promise and Hope:</li>
</ol>
(A) On Philippines-US historic ties: The era of colonization of the Philippines by the United
States marks a painful episode. That said, our countries share common values and principles. I would
hope these include love of freedom, pursuit of liberty, adherence to Rule of Law, a constitutional
government with a Bill of Rights guaranteeing due process, democratic elections, an independent
judiciary, “good governance” practices that include transparency and accountability, and a desire for
fairness. We share a common purpose in protecting Property Rights as a courageous rebuttal to
divisiveness based on class conflict that Fr. de la Costa has warned against.
Two bright spots consist of the ongoing recognition of Filipino World War II veterans under the US
Congress’ Gold Medal program and the return of the Balangiga Bells.
My beloved dad, Ramon Zamora Paterno (M.D., summa cum laude at University of Sto.
Tomas) responded to the call to duty on April 15, 1945, as 1st Lt., under Special Order No. 85, signed by
Chief of Staff Major General Basilio Valdes. The archives of the Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical
Center record my dad, a Radiologist, as “Chief, X-Ray,” with rank of Captain, stationed at the General
Hospital in Mariveles, Bataan.
Another bright spot might be a change in the engraved inscription on the Marine Memorial, in
Arlington, Va. from “The Philippine Insurrection 1898-1902 ” to “The Philippine-American War 1898-
1902.” To this end, David A. Silbey, author of A War of Frontier and Empire: the Philippine-American
War, 1899-1902 writes: “What should we call the conflict? War? Revolution? Insurgency?” “Despite
arguments by people at the time, as well as later historians, this was classically a war, and remarkably
unlike an insurgency. The two sides were both states substantially sovereign, using conventional armies,
fighting conventional battles, with conventional lines and weapons. The conflict of 1899 simply was not
a guerrilla war; it was as conventional a conflict between two legitimate states as was any other
American war of the nineteenth century and more so than some.”
(B) On Philippines and China:
China, for all her bullying tactics against our fishermen alone, is worrisome. Aggravating are her
expansionist policies through her “Belt and Road Initiative” throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe, and her
military base in Djoubuti. Cautionary tales abound on her “debt-trap” diplomacy —through, for
example, the onerous mortgage of a debtor-country’s strategic natural resources as collateral in
infrastructure development projects. China, in her dealings with the United States, engages in
intellectual property theft, to say the least.
In writing about the legal aspects of our country’s arbitral claims under the UN Convention on the
Law of the Seas (UNCLOS) (“Philippines vs. China: Arbitral Claims,” Maritime Review, Jan.-Feb. 2016
issue), I proposed: “It would be prudent to consolidate the gains we derive from a favorable [Permanent
Court of Arbitration] Award. This would include strengthening our alliances, coalitions or partnerships
(including commercial, economic, and military ones), especially with ASEAN. Let us continue to think
globally and strategically. It serves our national interests to maintain a balance between ‘alliances’ and
‘self-reliance.’ We should beef up our defense resources and capabilities, including monitoring and
intelligence-gathering.” Then Department of Foreign Affairs UnderSecretary Evan Ralph Garcia,
speaking at the 108th Maritime Breakfast Forum held at the DFA, suggested that my Maritime Review
article be “required reading.”
In the course of a policy address on Multilateralism, Minister Ariel Rodelas Penaranda, Charge’
d’Affaires, a.i. of the Philippine Mission to the UN, maintained, “On maritime cooperation, at the
regional level, the Philippines has the coordinating role for the next three years towards the adoption of
a common code of conduct in the South China Sea.” (UN, Open Debate, Nov. 9, 2018)
If the Philippines is to give credence to an independent foreign policy, she must courageously assert
her rights against China under UNCLOS! In a survey conducted by Social Weather Services in the
Philippines, 84% of the Filipino people favor a more assertive stand. President Duterte’s pursuit of an
“independent foreign policy” vis-a-vis China faces an acid test!
I believe that an independent foreign policy must:
* be principle-based. These principles should include, at its apex, promotion and adherence to the
Rule of Law, especially under UNCLOS.
<ul>
<li>be values-based. Alliances are sustainable where freedom and liberty are valued.</li>
</ul>
* not be “mendicant,” in the Rectonian sense.
* be based on strength, not weakness. Asserting our lawful rights and remedies vs. China reflects
strength.
<ul>
<li>be far-sighted and global in vision.</li>
</ul>
Each November 30th, we honor our National Heroes. We extol the vision of a “perfect union”
without class conflict. In the grand panorama of our nation-building goals and aspirations, our narrative
ought not to be about pitting Rizal vs. Bonifacio; nor Mabini vs. Pedro A. Paterno. Each of our national
heroes answered the call to courage, from sowing seeds of national consciousness to giving birth to a
nation! May their heroism inspire us to similarly act with courage!
By Ramon A. P. Paterno, A.B. History ’66, First Honors and History Departmental Award, Ateneo de
Manila University; LL.B. ’70, University of the Philippines College of Law; LL.M ’75, Harvard Law
School
Bibliography:
Mary Racelis Hollensteiner, in her book Dynamics of Power in a Philippine Municipality.

Sociologist Hollensteiner decried the negative aspects of pakikisama (resort to political connections
or palakasan), utang na loob (I scratch your back, you scratch my back), hiya (shame) and
paternalism (dependency, regionalism) as impediments to national development.
Public Issues Forum on “Philippine-American Trade Relations, YMCA Room, Nov. 23, 1968. The
Forum Resource Persons were Teofisto Guingona, President, Chamber of Commerce, Philippines, and
Jose E. Romero, Jr., Business Editor, Manila Daily Bulletin.
Ramon A. P. Paterno. “On this Irreducible Basis of National Interest, We Should Build our Foreign
Relations.” My speech was published in full in the Dec. 4, 1968 issue of the Philippine
Collegian.
Recto Reader, edited by Renato Constantino, p. 81. Quoting Recto’s quote in full: “Only
when we rise from the knees we have bent in beggary, and stand beside the other nations of the world,
not on crutches but on our own feet, thinking and speaking and acting as free men and free citizens a
true Republic, in name and in fact, with undivided loyalties to our own sovereign nation and people, and
under a legitimate regime dispensing justice and promoting the national welfare, then and only then can
we rightly claim to have achieved and deserved our independence, and have cause to indulge in a
national celebration of the glorious resurrection of our freedom after a long and mournful season of its
betrayal, passion, and crucifixion.” fn 34 (Recto Reader, fn 34, “Our Lingering Colonial Complex,” June
24, 1951, “The Meaning of Independence,” pp. 21-25, at pp. 24-25).
Combined International Philippine-American Association (CIPAA) Senior Citizens’ Little Miss

Philippines Philippines-D.C. 1985-85 Coronation Ceremonies, held at the C.P.O. Club, Washington, Navy
Yard, WDC, CIPAA’s Cultural Heritage Program, dated Nov. 24, 1984.
Jose Wright Diokno, Chairman, Movement for Philippine Sovereignty and Democracy,
Excerpts from Kaakbay Primer Series No. 2, entitled “Anti-Americanism:

Twenty-Four Questions About Filipino Nationalism,” reprinted in the March 10, 1984 issue of the
Philippine Collegian (at p. 4).
Ramon A. P. Paterno, A Memorial Tribute to Sen. Jose W. Diokno, [died on Feb. 27, 1987], held at the
Philippine Embassy’s community room, on March 6, 1987.
John N. Schumacher, S.J., The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino

Nationalism, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1991, 269 pages.
Austin Coates, Rizal- Filipino Nationalist & Patriot,
Solidaridad Publishing House, Ermita, Manila, copyright 1992, 378 pp. Introduction, at p.
xxix: “The Philippine Revolution of 1896 … was the first genuinely national revolt by an Asian people
against a colonial power. That it was genuinely national in character was due entirely to Rizal, the first
exponent of Asian nationalism.” (p. xxvii).
Horacio de la Costa, S.J., Selected Essays on the Filipino and His Problems Today, compiled
and edited by Roberto M. Paterno, c 2002, Kadena Press Foundation-Asia, Inc., 393 pages) (Source of
quotes): Ch. 7 The Filipino National Tradition (1971) (pp. 70-87).
Ramon A. P. Paterno, The Philippine Nationalist Movement amidst Asian Nationalist Movements:
1860-1900s,” (20-min. oral presentation (1 of 4 panelists) on Aug. 22, 1996, at the “International
Conference on the Centennial of the 1896 Philippine Revolution: The Philippine Revolution and Beyond,”
Aug. 21-23, 1996, held at Manila Hotel. Dr. Bernardita Churchill Reyes (Executive Committee Member,
NCCA Committee on Historical Research, Philippine Centennial Commission).
Smithsonian Folk Festival, 1998 Brochure, on the National Mall, June 24-28 & July 1-5, 1998
Cosponsored by the National Park Service, Pahiyas: A Philippine Harvest (pp. 37-56). The
Baltic Nations comprised: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
Ramon A. P. Paterno, “Dr. Jose P. Rizal: The Renaissance Man and the First Nationalist,” presented at
the Rizal Sesquicentennial Forum organized by the Philippine Embassy and the Philippine Arts, Letters
and Media (PALM) Council, upon invitation of PALM President Mitzi Pickard. Dr. Bernardita Reyes-
Churchill presented her paper, “The Vision of Rizal, First Filipino” and Miss Anna Bantug-Herrera, “Rizal:
The Family Carries On.” First Filipino” and (Philippine Embassy, June 16, 2011, 6:30-8:30 p.m.)
(published in full in 2 parts in the Manila Mail, July 15 and July 31, 2011.
John N. Schumacher, The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino

Nationalism, S.J., Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1991, 269 pages, at pp.119-125. See Chapter
8, “The Propaganda Movement, Literature and the Arts. He writes of those men who “thought of
themselves first as Filipinos and insisted on a distinct Filipino character, culture, and national identity.”
(See The Making of a Nation, p. 120). [p. 261, citing Teodoro A. Agoncillo: The Crisis of the
Republic (QC: UP, 1960), p. 676; and Zaide, Great Filipinos, p. 391]
Ramon A. P. Paterno, “Philippine-American Special Relations: Will They End or Endure?,” published
in Filipino Times, 3/31/93.
“Philippines vs. China: Arbitral Claims,” Maritime Review: A Publication of the Maritime League, Jan.-
Feb. 2016, pp. 1-4 ; upon invitation of Vicky Viray-Mendoza, Editor.
Minutes of the 108th Maritime Breakfast Forum, SFA, Venue: DFA Building, Jan 15, 2016, Hon. Evan
Garcia, then USEC (Policy), DFA: “He referred to the article in the newly distributed Maritime Review
(Jan-Feb 2016), page 13 where his former colleague, Mr. Ramon A P Paterno, formerly of the IFC, wrote
an excellent article, “Philippines vs China: Arbitral Claims under UNCLOS and he said that it should be
required reading for all.” (Agenda I and 2- Opening and Welcome Remarks, p. 2)
Minister Ariel Rodelas Penaranda, Charge’ d’Affaires, a.i., of the Philippine Mission to the United
Nations, UN, Open Debate under the presidency of China on the theme “Maintenance of International
Peace and Security,” Nov. 9, 2018.
Social Weather Services (SWS) poll, dated Nov. 20, 2018 “84% of Filipinos oppose gov’t inaction on
China WPS ‘intrusion’” By: Darryl John Esguerra – Reporter Inquirer.net, November 20, 2018:
“Majority of Filipinos think it is ‘not right’ the government is simply letting China expand its military
presence in the West Philippine Sea. In its third-quarter survey released on the eve of Chinese President
Xi Jinping’s state visit to the country, SWS said the Filipinos maintain their anti-Chinese stance on the sea
row issue.”
Silbey, David A., A War of Frontier and Empire: the Philippine-American War, 1899-1902,”
Hill and Wang, A division of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, N.Y., copyright 2007 [Kindle edition] (Conclusion,
“A Most Favored Race,” section on “America as a World Power.”
 
-30-
<div class='code-block code-block-2' style='margin: 8px auto; text-align: center; display: block; clear:
both;'>
<img class="aligncenter wp-image-4353 size-full" src="http://www.manilamail.us/wp-

content/uploads/2018/03/Forex-Wide1.png" alt="Forex Remit by Phone" width="799" height="275"
/></div>

</div>
<div class="share-post">
Share
<ul class="flat-social">
<li><a href="http://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?
u=https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7961" class="social-facebook" rel="external" target="_blank"> Facebook</a></li>
<li><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=
%E2%80%9CReflections+and+Advocacy+on+Nationalism+and+Patriotism%E2%80%9D via
%40ManilaMailDesk&url=https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7961" class="social-twitter" rel="external"
target="_blank"> Twitter</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.stumbleupon.com/submit?
url=https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7961&title=
%E2%80%9CReflections+and+Advocacy+on+Nationalism+and+Patriotism%E2%80%9D" class="social-
stumble" rel="external" target="_blank">
Stumbleupon</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?
mini=true&url=https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7961&title=
%E2%80%9CReflections+and+Advocacy+on+Nationalism+and+Patriotism%E2%80%9D" class="social-
linkedin" rel="external" target="_blank"> LinkedIn</a></li>
<li><a href="http://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?
url=https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7961&description=
%E2%80%9CReflections+and+Advocacy+on+Nationalism+and+Patriotism
%E2%80%9D&media=https://www.manilamail.us/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Ramon-
Paterno.fullsizeoutput_1239e-660x330.jpeg" class="social-pinterest" rel="external" target="_blank"> Pinterest</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div> 
</div>
<script
type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","dateCreated":"2019-
04-10T14:04:35-05:00","datePublished":"2019-04-10T14:04:35-05:00","dateModified":"2019-04-
10T14:15:48-05:00","headline":"“Reflections and Advocacy on Nationalism and
Patriotism”","name":"“Reflections and Advocacy on Nationalism and
Patriotism”","keywords":[],"url":"https:\/\/www.manilamail.us\/?p=7961","description":"Ramon
P. Paterno at the US Marine Corps War Memorial near Arlington National Cemetry. Paterno is
advocating to correct the \"Philippine Insurrection\" inscription engraved on the [Iwo Jima] War
Memorial","copyrightYear":"2019","publisher":
{"@id":"#Publisher","@type":"Organization","name":"Manila Mail US","logo":
{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"http:\/\/www.manilamail.us\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/05\/MM-
MASTHEAD.png"},"sameAs":
["http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/realmanilamail","http:\/\/twitter.com\/ManilaMailDesk"]},"sourceOrga
nization":{"@id":"#Publisher"},"copyrightHolder":{"@id":"#Publisher"},"mainEntityOfPage":
{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.manilamail.us\/?p=7961","breadcrumb":
{"@id":"#crumbs"}},"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Jon
Melegrito","url":"https:\/\/www.manilamail.us\/?author=9"},"articleSection":"Editorial &
columns,Opinion,Photo Banner","articleBody":"Ramon P. Paterno at the US Marine Corps War
Memorial near Arlington National Cemetry. Paterno is advocating to correct the \"Philippine
Insurrection\" inscription engraved on the [Iwo Jima] War Memorial in Arlington, Va. to \"War of
Philippine Independence\" --through perhaps a Marker to be installed at the Memorial itself! See Part 2
of Paterno's article below.\u00a0\r\n\r\nBy Ramon P. Paterno\r\nPart I. My Journey into History:
Filipino Nationalism, \u201cAsian-ness\u201d and Patriotism \r\nMy journey starts as a student of
history at the Ateneo. I was blessed to learn history (my major) from foremost nationalist historian Fr.
Horacio de la Costa, S.J.\r\n\r\nIn my address as \u201cMost Outstanding Student of the Philippines
\u201966\u201d as Ateneo\u2019s representative, I spoke about taking pride in our distinctly Filipino
values:\r\n\r\n \tpakikisama (as promotive of our bayanihan spirit); of bayanihan (as rooted in
bayan);\r\n \tutang na loob (as honoring one\u2019s debt, and hence, as palabra de honor)\r\n \thiya
(as a badge of honor: \u201cmay hiya\u201d rather than a stigma of shame: \u201cwalang
hiya\u201d);\r\n \tpaternalism (as rooted in the Latin \u201cpater,\u201d transforming itself into love
of fatherland.) Rizal called on our youth as \u201cFair Hope of the Fatherland.\u201d\r\n \tThese values
served as foundational blocks for nation-building.\r\n\r\nMy MOS award was a tour of Calcutta,
Malaysia, Singapore, Bangkok, Taiwan, and Tokyo. As student-envoy, I soaked in indelible images of our
shared roots with Asians.\r\n\r\nAs speaker at a forum on \u201cPhilippine-American Trade
Relations,\u201d with Hilarion Henares, Jr., former National Economic Council Chair, and then
Undersecretary of Finance Cesar E.A. Virata, I approached the topic as a student of history (Ateneo) and
of law (University of the Philippines). Among others, I called for the abrogation of American-imposed
\u201cParity Rights.\u201d\u00a0 I ended by quoting Claro M. Recto: \u201cOur aims are simple and
well-defined: to preserve the integrity of our national territory, to safeguard the independence and
liberties of our people, and to promote their welfare by the enforcement of our rights and the
fulfillment of our obligations. It is on this irreducible basis of national interest that we should build our
foreign relations.\u201d\r\n\r\nOn May 10-12, 1970, UP Student Council Chairs Jerry Barican and Tony
Pastelero and I staged a Hunger Strike at Malacanang Palace. Alien control of our economy underscored
my grievance.\r\n\r\nAt the First United Nations World Youth Assembly, in New York City (July 15-Aug.
20, 1970), the Department of Foreign Affairs designated me to head our\u00a0 delegation. 750
delegates from all over the world elected me to the 18-member Steering Committee as Asia\u2019s
representative. As Filipino and Asian, I served as sole Vice-Chair of the General Assembly.\r\n\r\nA
month later at the ConCon, I ran in the 18-seat First District of Rizal. My campaign was conducted in
Pilipino. After losing (40th out of 212 candidates), I served as Administrative Head & Special
Technical Assistant to Delegate Gil Puyat, Jr. The\u00a0 Economic Planning & Implementation
Committee that he chaired created the National Economic Development Authority.\r\n\r\nI joined SyCip
Salazar Luna Manalo & Feliciano law offices, and later I went on academic leave so that my wife
and I could obtain our LL.M.s at Harvard Law School.\u00a0 After my training with Ropes & Gray in
Boston and Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton in Washington, D.C. and New York, we returned
home. I rejoined SyCip Law and later resigned, to head and organize First Philippine Holding
Corporation\u2019s legal department. IFC\u2019s then Assistant General Counsel Walter F. Norris
interviewed me in Manila from a host of Filipino lawyer applicants. I joined the International Finance
Corporation (a private sector affiliate of the World Bank) in Washington, D.C. on June 30, 1980,
ostensibly as a Filipino lawyer-recruit.\r\n\r\nAt the Combined International Philippine American
Association\u2019s (CIPAA) Senior Citizens\u2019 cultural heritage program in 1984, I spoke on Filipino
values, covering, in addition, care for the elderly, the homeless, and the disabled, and Asian values, such
as preference for consensus-building and respect for the advice of elders. The Asian bamboo symbolizes
resiliency\u2014 bending at the height of a storm but never breaking. In the search for our roots\u2014
Filipino and Asian, I referred to the Kalahari bushman in Southern Africa, \u201cIf you remove him from
his native soil, he pines and then he dies. That is true of our identity, our native soul. If we are
transported away from our roots, then our identity is not only betrayed, it is lost.\u201d\r\n\r\nAt
the \u201cGunita Kay Pepe\u201d Memorial, I said: \u201cTwenty years ago on Rizal Day, on June 19,
1966, I received a plaque on which Senator Jose W. Diokno\u2019s signature is engraved. I treasure that
award because if he at that time was a model to Filipino youth for his nationalist stance, he has become
more so today, as exemplified by his life-long struggle as a Filipino nationalist.\u201d \u201cThe Senator
towered above the rest of us in his love for our country. But if this were all he were to be remembered
for today, he would probably be disappointed. For to him: \u201cFilipino nationalism is more than
patriotism. Filipino nationalism is the determination to uphold the sovereignty of the Filipino people, the
right of all Filipinos\u2014 not just of a few and definitely not of foreigners\u2014 to freely decide the
destiny of the nation.\u201d\r\n\r\nNationalism and patriotism are intertwined. Fr. de la Costa,
S.J.\u2019s brilliant mind articulates nationalism as consisting of an ideology and a commitment; a
nation as a people with a common political allegiance that is based on a tradition, i.e., a shared historical
experience that is principles-based and values-based; a consensus, i.e., a shared understanding of the
national identity, of the common good, and of the rights and duties of citizens;\u00a0 and a compact,
i.e., a shared agreement based on the national tradition and the national consensus.\u00a0 This
compact is an agreement: to come to the nation\u2019s defense; to contribute to the nation\u2019s
development; and to strengthen international friendship.\r\n\r\nExcerpting Fr. de la Costa, a nationalist
is one who commits himself: to embody the national tradition in his ideology, while adapting the
principles and values of that tradition to the challenges of the present; to win national consensus for
that ideology; and to give direction to the national compact by reducing that ideology to a practicable
plan of action. (pp. 72-74) But \u201cIt is doubtful, however, whether reasonableness alone, even if it
had \u2018justice as its sole end and honest labor as its sole means,\u2019 can bring about that
\u2018perfect union.\u2019\u201d Hence, patriotism (love of country) is needed.\u201d (p.
81)\r\n\r\nFr. de la Costa\u2019s principles and values, derived from national tradition, are\u201d
Pagsasarili: the will to secure for every Filipino the means to develop himself as a responsible human
being. Pakikisama: the willingness to share with one another the burdens as well as the rewards of living
together. Pagkakaisa: the building up of an articulated national community through forms of social
organization understood, accepted, and undertaken by the people themselves. Pagkabayani: the
readiness to put the common good of the nation above the private interest \u2026 Pakikipagkapwa-tao:
human solidarity\u2026 understood as, first of all, a dedication to the development of one\u2019s own
nation, so as to enable it to participate in free and equal terms in the total development of
mankind.\u201d (p. 84)\r\n\r\nFr. de la Costa\u2019s approach for the Philippines is \u201cto
undertake national development as a process of liberation and integration.\u201d Thus, \u201cbefore
development can mean peace, it must mean liberation.\u201d\u00a0 As to integration, \u201cFor the
whole object of seeing people free is that they may be free to work together, free to collaborate in the
building of a social order that shall be just.\u201d For him, \u201cThe whole thrust of our historic
experience as a people has been toward pagsasarili\u2026 It was to this end, that every Filipino may at
last, in Recto\u2019s words, rise from the knees he has bent in beggary, that our heroes, our bayani,
made the sacrifices that they made.\u201d (p. 87)\r\n\r\nFr. de la Costa\u2019s referencing of Recto
allows us to segue to the foremost Nationalist and the Father of the Philippine
Constitution.\r\n\r\nTurning to Recto, \u201cA Filipino cannot call himself a nationalist unless he is one
with his people\u2019s history and has enshrined in his heart the precepts and examples of our heroes
and martyrs.\u201d I find compelling Recto\u2019s insight, that \u201cNationalism is nourished by a
sense of history.\u201d (pp. 3-4)\r\n\r\nIn Washington, D.C., on June 12, 1993, I founded, with Marcia
Cruz, \u201cRizal Day & Youth Awards Day.\u201d I modeled the event after the Philippines\u2019
\u201cTen Outstanding Students\u201d awards, bringing into full circle Rizal\u2019s appeal to our
youth as the \u201cFair Hope of the Fatherland.\u201d\r\n\r\nI highlighted 5 aspects of Rizal\u2019s
greatness, with the initial letters spelling out his name:\r\n\r\n \tRenaissance Man.\r\n \tIdeas
articulated through his novels\u00a0 Noli Me Tangere and the El Filibusterismo.\r\n \tZeal for his
country which led to his return home, where \u201cI must wake from its slumber the spirit of my
country.\u201d (Fr. John N. Schumacher, S.J., p. 93).\r\n \tAsian Nationalist. For British biographer
Austin Coates, Rizal was \u201cthe first exponent of Asian nationalism.\u201d \u201cThough the revolt
failed, the idea of modern nationhood as a practical possibility in Asia had been born. This was due to
Rizal.\u201d (p. xxix, p xxvii)\r\n \tFor Rizal, education and the study of one\u2019s heritage were
important to the national task. \u201cHistory was at the very heart of his nationalism.\u201d \u201cIt
offered the key to national identity.\u201d (Schumacher, p. 108).\r\n\r\nSir Rogelio N. Alama, East
Coast Regional Commander, appointed me Chapter Commander of the Order of Knights of Rizal, on June
18, 1995, at the Philippine Embassy.\r\n\r\nUpon the invitation of Dr. Bernardita Churchill-Reyes, I
presented my paper, \u201cThe Philippine Nationalist Movement amidst Asian Nationalist Movements:
1860-1900s,\u201d at the \u201cInternational Conference on the Centennial of the 1896 Philippine
Revolution,\u201d\r\n\r\nAug. 21-23, 1996, Manila Hotel.\r\n\r\nAfter 3 years of preparation,
culminating on June 12, 1998, we celebrated the Centennial of Philippine Independence. I chaired the
Coordinating Committee. At the National Mall, the Philippines was featured as a guest country (kudos to
Margaret Sullivan), with the Baltic Nations. A bamboo replica of the facade of historic Barasoain Church
towered above.\r\n\r\nI delivered my paper: \u201cDr. Jose P. Rizal: The Renaissance Man and the First
Nationalist\u201d at the Rizal Sesquicentennial Forum, upon the invitation of Philippine Arts Letters
& Media Council (PALM) President Mitzi Pickard. Dr. Reyes-Churchill and Miss Anna Bantug-Herrera
were also featured speakers.\u00a0 (June 16, 2011, Philippine Embassy)\r\n\r\nMy piece,
\u201cHonoring Andres Bonifacio, Father of the Philippine Revolution,\u201d was published in the June
2013 Philippine Independence Gala Ball souvenir program.\r\n\r\nA proud moment was my raising the
Philippine flag at the Embassy during an Independence Day celebration, thanks to Col. Regino J. Calub,
Jr., Assistant Defense & Military Attache, Philippine Embassy.\r\n\r\nNationalism and patriotism
form one integral unity. That unity reflects consciousness combined with courage: the consciousness of
one\u2019s \u201cFilipino-ness\u201d and \u201cAsian-ness;\u201d and the courage to struggle
against divisive forces.\r\n\r\nOn \u201cconsciousness: my first \u201ccoming to America\u201d was
to represent the Philippines at the 1st UN World Youth Assembly.\u00a0 I was elected by the general
assembly as Asia\u2019s representative. My second \u201ccoming to America was to attend Harvard
Law School. My wife and I returned home as the first Filipino (perhaps Asian) married couple to obtain
our LL.M.\u2019s at Harvard. My third \u201ccoming to America\u201d was to join International
Finance Corporation, World Bank affiliate, which assists projects in \u201cemerging economies.\u201d
Starting with IFC projects in Southeast Asia\/East Asia, I also worked on projects in Sub-Saharan Africa,
and pioneer countries in Eastern Europe, and engaged in projects in the Baltic states, Egypt, and the
Dominican Republic. My first project happened to be a Philippine project; my last project was, by my
choice, a Philippine project, serendipitously named Asian Hospitals, Inc.\r\n\r\n \r\nPart II.
Advocacy: A Call to Courage \r\n(A) The Contemporary Scene:\r\n\r\n \t\u201cpagkakaisa\u201d
(national struggle for a \u201cperfect union\u201d) vs. \u201cfragmentation:\u201d\r\n\r\nFr. Horacio
de la Costa, S.J. warns us, \u201cIt is precisely the fragmentation of our society that is the most prolific
source and the strongest bulwark of the injustices that prevail among us. Our struggle for liberation
must therefore be not only against the forces that now divide our national community, but against the
forces that would further divide it, and transform what is already a fragmentation into an
anarchy.\u201d He stresses that achieving a \"perfect union\u201d must be \u201cwithout distinction
into class\u201d: \u201cThe thrust of our historic experience is, in equal measure, toward the
achievement of self-possession through equitable sharing within a national community, by pagkakaisa
through pakikisama; or as our Declaration of Independence put it, by the coming together of all citizens,
without distinction into class, into a perfect union.\u201d (p. 87)\r\n\r\nAgainst such backdrop, Pedro
Alejandro Paterno \u00a0deserves his day in court. He has been maligned by \u201cnationalist\u201d
historians. I put \u201cnationalist\u201d in quotes because I believe their school of thought is
misguided, being driven by the divisive theory of class-conflict.\r\n\r\nCan one justly deny Pedro A.
Paterno\u2019s contribution to nationhood, in being the first to sow seeds of national
consciousness? \u00a0Fr. John N. Schumacher, S.J. writes, in The Making of a Nation: \u201cThe literary
and artistic accomplishments of Filipinos in Spain correspond to these two phases in the development of
nationalism\u2026 The initial step was represented by Pedro Paterno\u2019s slight book of verses,
Sampaguitas, published in 1881.\u201d (p. 120)\u00a0 Further, \u201c\u2026 we may see the second
phase in which at least some of the Filipino nationalists would attempt to create art and literature
distinctively Filipino. The first hint of the new outlook is once again Pedro Paterno, with the first attempt
at the Filipino novel, Ninay.\u201d (p. 122).\r\n\r\nIn my view, Pedro A. Paterno\u2019s contribution, if
imperfect, was not inconsequential; if modest, was not marginal; and if seminal, was
foundational.\r\n\r\nIsn\u2019t Pedro A. Paterno\u2019s negotiation of the Pact of Biak-na-Bato at
least a tacit recognition by Spanish colonial power of the legitimacy of the cause of our\u00a0
revolutionary forces? A \u201cFirst Day of Issue\u201d Philippine stamp, post-marked Oct. 25, 1973
(reissued separately on April 16, 1974) honored him as \u201cDiplomat of the
Revolution.\u201d\r\n\r\nPedro A. Paterno served as President of the Malolos Congress. His detractors
interpret the Malolos Congress as a betrayal of the revolution. But the \u201crevolution\u201d they
speak of is that of the \u201cmasa,\u201d based on their theory of class conflict. That said, the Malolos
Congress duly enacted the Malolos Constitution. Why not proudly recognize the Malolos Congress for its
historic and monumental enactment of the Malolos Constitution, which enables the Philippines to be
called the \u201cFirst Constitutional Republic in Asia!\u201d\r\n\r\n \tOf Promise and Hope:\r\n\r\n(A)
On Philippines-US historic ties: The era of colonization of the Philippines by the United States marks a
painful episode. That said, our countries share common values and principles. I would hope these
include love of freedom, pursuit of liberty, adherence to Rule of Law, a constitutional government with a
Bill of Rights guaranteeing due process, democratic elections, an independent judiciary,\u00a0
\u201cgood governance\u201d practices that include transparency and accountability, and a desire for
fairness.\u00a0 We share a common purpose in protecting Property Rights as a courageous rebuttal to
divisiveness based on class conflict that Fr. de la Costa has warned against.\r\n\r\nTwo bright spots
consist of the ongoing recognition of Filipino World War II veterans under the US Congress\u2019 Gold
Medal program and the return of the Balangiga Bells.\r\n\r\nMy beloved dad, Ramon Zamora Paterno
(M.D., summa cum laude at University of Sto. Tomas) responded to the call to duty on April 15, 1945, as
1st Lt., under Special Order No. 85, signed by Chief of Staff Major General Basilio Valdes. The archives of
the Armed Forces of the Philippines Medical Center record my dad, a Radiologist, as \u201cChief, X-
Ray,\u201d with rank of Captain, stationed at the General Hospital in Mariveles, Bataan.\r\n\r\nAnother
bright spot might be a change in the engraved inscription on the Marine Memorial, in Arlington, Va.
from \u201cThe Philippine Insurrection 1898-1902 \u201d to \u201cThe Philippine-American War 1898-
1902.\u201d To this end, David A. Silbey, author of A War of Frontier and Empire: the Philippine-
American War, 1899-1902 writes: \u201cWhat should we call the conflict? War? Revolution?
Insurgency?\u201d \u201cDespite arguments by people at the time, as well as later historians, this was
classically a war, and remarkably unlike an insurgency. The two sides were both states substantially
sovereign, using conventional armies, fighting conventional battles, with conventional lines and
weapons. The conflict of 1899 simply was not a guerrilla war; it was as conventional a conflict between
two legitimate states as was any other American war of the nineteenth century and more so than
some.\u201d\r\n\r\n(B) On Philippines and China:\r\n\r\nChina, for all her bullying tactics against our
fishermen alone, is worrisome. Aggravating are her expansionist policies through her \u201cBelt and
Road Initiative\u201d throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe, and her military base in Djoubuti.\u00a0
Cautionary tales abound on her \u201cdebt-trap\u201d diplomacy \u2014through, for example, the
onerous mortgage \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0of a debtor-country\u2019s strategic natural resources as
collateral in infrastructure development projects. China, in her dealings with the United States, engages
in intellectual property theft, to say the least.\r\n\r\nIn writing about the legal aspects of our
country\u2019s arbitral claims under the UN Convention on the Law of the Seas (UNCLOS)
(\u201cPhilippines vs. China: Arbitral Claims,\u201d Maritime Review, Jan.-Feb. 2016 issue), I
proposed: \u201cIt would be prudent to consolidate the gains we derive from a favorable [Permanent
Court of Arbitration] Award. This would include strengthening our alliances, coalitions or partnerships
(including commercial, economic, and military ones), especially with ASEAN. Let us continue to think
globally and strategically. It serves our national interests to maintain a balance between
\u2018alliances\u2019 and \u2018self-reliance.\u2019 We should beef up our defense resources and
capabilities, including monitoring and intelligence-gathering.\u201d\u00a0 Then Department of Foreign
Affairs UnderSecretary Evan Ralph Garcia, speaking at the 108th Maritime Breakfast Forum held at the
DFA, suggested that my Maritime Review article be \u201crequired reading.\u201d\r\n\r\nIn the course
of a policy address on Multilateralism, Minister Ariel Rodelas Penaranda, Charge\u2019
d\u2019Affaires, a.i. of the Philippine Mission to the UN, maintained, \u201cOn maritime cooperation,
at the regional level, the Philippines has the coordinating role for the next three years towards the
adoption of a common code of conduct in the South China Sea.\u201d (UN, Open Debate, Nov. 9,
2018)\r\n\r\nIf the Philippines is to give credence to an independent foreign policy, she must
courageously assert her rights against China under UNCLOS! \u00a0In a survey conducted by Social
Weather Services in the Philippines, 84% of the Filipino people favor a more assertive stand. President
Duterte\u2019s pursuit of an \u201cindependent foreign policy\u201d vis-a-vis China faces an acid
test!\r\n\r\nI believe that an independent foreign policy must:\r\n\r\n* be principle-based. These
principles should include, at its apex, promotion and adherence to the Rule of Law, especially under
UNCLOS.\r\n\r\n \tbe values-based. Alliances are sustainable where freedom and liberty are
valued.\r\n\r\n* not be \u201cmendicant,\u201d in the Rectonian sense.\r\n\r\n* be based on
strength, not weakness. Asserting our lawful rights and remedies vs. China reflects strength.\r\n\r\n
\tbe far-sighted and global in vision.\r\n\r\nEach November 30th, we honor our National Heroes. We
extol the vision of a \u201cperfect union\u201d without class conflict. In the grand panorama of our
nation-building goals and aspirations, our narrative ought not to be about pitting Rizal vs. Bonifacio; nor
Mabini vs. Pedro A. Paterno. Each of our national heroes answered the call to courage, from sowing
seeds of national consciousness to giving birth to a nation! May their heroism inspire us to similarly act
with courage!\r\n\r\nBy Ramon A. P. Paterno, A.B. History \u201966, First Honors and History
Departmental Award, Ateneo de Manila University; LL.B. \u201970, University of the Philippines College
of Law; LL.M \u201975, Harvard Law School\r\n\r\nBibliography:\r\n\r\nMary Racelis Hollensteiner, in
her book Dynamics of Power in a Philippine Municipality. Sociologist Hollensteiner decried the negative
aspects of pakikisama (resort to political connections or palakasan), utang na loob (I scratch your back,
you scratch my back), hiya (shame) and paternalism (dependency, regionalism) as impediments to
national development.\r\n\r\nPublic Issues Forum on \u201cPhilippine-American Trade Relations,
YMCA Room, Nov. 23, 1968. The Forum Resource Persons were Teofisto Guingona, President, Chamber
of Commerce, Philippines, and Jose E. Romero, Jr., Business Editor, Manila Daily Bulletin.\r\n\r\nRamon
A. P. Paterno. \u201cOn this Irreducible Basis of National Interest, We Should Build our Foreign
Relations.\u201d My speech was published in full in the Dec. 4, 1968 issue of the Philippine
Collegian.\r\n\r\nRecto Reader, edited by Renato Constantino, p. 81. Quoting Recto\u2019s quote in
full: \u201cOnly when we rise from the knees we have bent in beggary, and stand beside the other
nations of the world, not on crutches but on our own feet, thinking and speaking and acting as free men
and free citizens a true Republic, in name and in fact, with undivided loyalties to our own sovereign
nation and people, and under a legitimate regime dispensing justice and promoting the national welfare,
then and only then can we rightly claim to have achieved and deserved our independence, and have
cause to indulge in a national celebration of the glorious resurrection of our freedom after a long and
mournful season of its betrayal, passion, and crucifixion.\u201d fn 34 (Recto Reader, fn 34, \u201cOur
Lingering Colonial Complex,\u201d June 24, 1951, \u201cThe Meaning of Independence,\u201d pp. 21-
25, at pp. 24-25).\r\n\r\nCombined International Philippine-American Association (CIPAA) Senior
Citizens\u2019 Little Miss Philippines Philippines-D.C. 1985-85 Coronation Ceremonies, held at the
C.P.O. Club, Washington, Navy Yard, WDC, CIPAA\u2019s Cultural Heritage Program, dated Nov. 24,
1984.\r\n\r\nJose Wright Diokno, Chairman, Movement for Philippine Sovereignty and
Democracy,\r\n\r\nExcerpts from Kaakbay Primer Series No. 2, entitled \u201cAnti-Americanism:
Twenty-Four Questions About Filipino Nationalism,\u201d reprinted in the March 10, 1984 issue of the
Philippine Collegian (at p. 4).\r\n\r\nRamon A. P. Paterno, A Memorial Tribute to Sen. Jose W. Diokno,
[died on Feb. 27, 1987], held at the Philippine Embassy\u2019s community room, on March 6,
1987.\r\n\r\nJohn N. Schumacher, S.J., The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino
Nationalism, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1991, 269 pages.\r\n\r\nAustin Coates, Rizal- Filipino
Nationalist & Patriot, Solidaridad Publishing House, Ermita, Manila, copyright 1992, 378 pp.
Introduction, at p. xxix: \u201cThe Philippine Revolution of 1896 \u2026 was the first genuinely national
revolt by an Asian people against a colonial power. That it was genuinely national in character was due
entirely to Rizal, the first exponent of Asian nationalism.\u201d (p. xxvii).\r\n\r\nHoracio de la Costa,
S.J., Selected Essays on the Filipino and His Problems Today, compiled and edited by Roberto M.
Paterno, c 2002, Kadena Press Foundation-Asia, Inc., 393 pages) (Source of quotes): Ch. 7 The Filipino
National Tradition (1971) (pp. 70-87).\r\n\r\nRamon A. P. Paterno, The Philippine Nationalist Movement
amidst Asian Nationalist Movements: 1860-1900s,\u201d (20-min. oral presentation (1 of 4 panelists) on
Aug. 22, 1996, at the \u201cInternational Conference on the Centennial of the 1896 Philippine
Revolution: The Philippine Revolution and Beyond,\u201d Aug. 21-23, 1996, held at Manila Hotel. Dr.
Bernardita Churchill Reyes (Executive Committee Member, NCCA Committee on Historical Research,
Philippine Centennial Commission).\r\n\r\nSmithsonian Folk Festival, 1998 Brochure, on the National
Mall, June 24-28 & July 1-5, 1998 Cosponsored by the National Park Service, Pahiyas: A Philippine
Harvest (pp. 37-56). The Baltic Nations comprised: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.\r\n\r\nRamon A. P.
Paterno, \u201cDr. Jose P. Rizal: The Renaissance Man and the First Nationalist,\u201d presented at the
Rizal Sesquicentennial Forum organized by the Philippine Embassy and the Philippine Arts, Letters and
Media (PALM) Council, upon invitation of\u00a0 PALM President Mitzi Pickard. Dr. Bernardita Reyes-
Churchill presented her paper, \u201cThe Vision of Rizal, First Filipino\u201d and Miss\u00a0 Anna
Bantug-Herrera, \u201cRizal: The Family Carries On.\u201d First Filipino\u201d and\u00a0 (Philippine
Embassy, June 16, 2011, 6:30-8:30 p.m.) (published in full in 2 parts in the Manila Mail, July 15 and July
31, 2011.\r\n\r\nJohn N. Schumacher, The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino
Nationalism, S.J., Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1991, 269 pages, at pp.119-125. See Chapter 8,
\u201cThe Propaganda Movement, Literature and the Arts. He writes of those men who \u201cthought
of themselves first as Filipinos and insisted on a distinct Filipino character, culture, and national
identity.\u201d (See The Making of a Nation, p. 120). [p. 261, citing Teodoro A. Agoncillo: The Crisis of
the Republic (QC: UP, 1960), p. 676; and Zaide, Great Filipinos, p. 391]\r\n\r\nRamon A. P. Paterno,
\u201cPhilippine-American Special Relations: Will They End or Endure?,\u201d published in Filipino
Times, 3\/31\/93.\r\n\r\n\u201cPhilippines vs. China: Arbitral Claims,\u201d Maritime Review: A
Publication of the Maritime League, Jan.-Feb. 2016, pp. 1-4 ; upon invitation of Vicky Viray-Mendoza,
Editor.\r\n\r\nMinutes of the 108th Maritime Breakfast Forum, SFA, Venue: DFA Building, Jan 15, 2016,
Hon. Evan Garcia, then USEC (Policy), DFA: \u201cHe referred to the article in the newly distributed
Maritime Review (Jan-Feb 2016), page 13 where his former colleague, Mr. Ramon A P Paterno, formerly
of the IFC, wrote an excellent article, \u201cPhilippines vs China: Arbitral Claims under UNCLOS and he
said that it should be required reading for all.\u201d (Agenda I and 2- Opening and Welcome Remarks,
p. 2)\r\n\r\nMinister Ariel Rodelas Penaranda, Charge\u2019 d\u2019Affaires, a.i., of the Philippine
Mission to the United Nations, UN, Open Debate under the presidency of China on the theme
\u201cMaintenance of International Peace and Security,\u201d Nov. 9, 2018.\r\n\r\nSocial Weather
Services (SWS) poll, dated Nov. 20, 2018 \u201c84% of Filipinos oppose gov\u2019t inaction on China
WPS \u2018intrusion\u2019\u201d By: Darryl John Esguerra - Reporter Inquirer.net, November 20,
2018: \u201cMajority of Filipinos think it is \u2018not right\u2019 the government is simply
letting\u00a0 China expand its military presence in the West Philippine Sea. In its third-quarter survey
released on the eve of Chinese President Xi Jinping\u2019s state visit to the country, SWS\u00a0said the
Filipinos maintain their\u00a0anti-Chinese stance on the sea row issue.\u201d\r\n\r\nSilbey, David A., A
War of Frontier and Empire: the Philippine-American War, 1899-1902,\u201d Hill and Wang, A division
of Farrar, Straus and Giroux, N.Y., copyright 2007 [Kindle edition] (Conclusion, \u201cA Most Favored
Race,\u201d section on \u201cAmerica as a World Power.\u201d\r\n\r\n \r\n\r\n-30-","image":
{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.manilamail.us\/wp-
content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/Ramon-
Paterno.fullsizeoutput_1239e.jpeg","width":2764,"height":2622}}</script>
</article>
<div class="post-navigation">
<div class="post-previous"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=8025"

rel="prev">Previous God Forgives, Ateneo Does Not</a></div>
<div class="post-next"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7964"

rel="next">Next REV. FR. SERAFIN B. TYBACO, JR.</a></div>
</div>

<section id="check-also-box" class="post-listing check-also-right">
<a href="#" id="check-also-close"></a>
<div class="block-head">
<h3>Check Also</h3>
</div>
<div class="check-also-post">
<div class="post-thumbnail">
<a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=11181">
<img width="310" height="165"

src="https://www.manilamail.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/CC8E758B-102E-4677-AFBD-
F947F7790626-310x165.jpeg" class="attachment-tie-medium size-tie-medium wp-post-image" alt=""
loading="lazy" /> 
</a>
</div>
<h2 class="post-title"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=11181"

rel="bookmark">Fil-Ams, foreign spouses of Filipinos can travel again to PH starting Dec. 7</a></h2>
MANILA. Foreign spouses and children of Filipinos will be allowed to travel

with them starting …
</div>
</section>
<div id="comments">
<div id="respond" class="comment-respond">
<h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply <a rel="nofollow"

id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/?p=7961#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel
reply</a></h3><form action="https://www.manilamail.us/wp-comments-post.php"
method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate>Your email address will not be published. Required fields are
marked *<label
for="comment">Comment</label> <textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8"
maxlength="65525" required="required"></textarea> <label for="alobaidi-captcha-comment-field">Enter total 704 + 4</label><input id="alobaidi-
captcha-comment-field" type="text" value="" name="alobaidi_captcha_comment" class="alobaidi-
captcha-comment-field" placeholder="Enter total 704 + 4">
<label for="author">Name *</label> <input id="author" name="author" type="text" value="" size="30"
maxlength="245" required='required' />
<label for="email">Email *</label>

<input id="email" name="email" type="email" value="" size="30" maxlength="100" aria-
describedby="email-notes" required='required' />
<label for="url">Website</label> <input id="url" name="url" type="url"

value="" size="30" maxlength="200" />
<input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="submit" value="Post

Comment" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='7961' id='comment_post_ID' />
<input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' />

<noscript><input type="hidden" name="JS04X7" value="NS1" /></noscript>

<noscript>Currently you have JavaScript disabled. In order to post comments, please make
sure JavaScript and Cookies are enabled, and reload the page. <a href="http://enable-
javascript.com/" rel="nofollow external" >Click here for instructions on how to enable JavaScript in your
browser.</a></noscript>
<input type="hidden" id="ak_js" name="ak_js" value="243"/></form>

</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery( document ).ready( function( $ ) {
$( '.comment-form, #registerform' ).append( '<input type="hidden" name="js-spam-prevention"

value="ff52ab56c24b4b009aa1c633f3835cdd"/>' );
} );
</script>
</div>
</div>
<aside id="sidebar">
<div class="theiaStickySidebar">
<div class="widget" id="tabbed-widget">
<div class="widget-container">

3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

li><em>pakikisama</em> (as promotive of our <em>bayanihan</em> spirit); of <em>bayanihan</em>

(as rooted in <em>bayan</em>);</li>

<li>These values served as foundational blocks for nation-building.</li>

<p>Aug. 21-23, 1996, Manila Hotel.</p>

<h2 style="text-align: center;"><u>Part II.</u> <u>Advocacy: A Call to Courage </u></h2>

<p>(A) <u>The Contemporary Scene</u>:</p>

<li>“<em>pagkakaisa</em>” (national struggle for a “perfect union”) vs. “fragmentation:”</li>

<p>(B) <u>On Philippines and China:</u></p>

<p>I believe that an independent foreign policy must:</p>

<p>* not be “mendicant,” in the Rectonian sense.</p>

<li>be far-sighted and global in vision.</li>

<p>Mary Racelis Hollensteiner, in her book <u>Dynamics of Power in a Philippine Municipality.

<p>Combined International Philippine-American Association (CIPAA) Senior Citizens’ Little Miss

<p>Excerpts from <em><u>Kaakbay</u></em><u> Primer Series No. 2</u>, entitled “Anti-Americanism:

<p>John N. Schumacher, S.J., <u>The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino</u>

<p>John N. Schumacher, <u>The Making of a Nation, Essays on Nineteenth-Century Filipino

<p><img class="aligncenter wp-image-4353 size-full" src="http://www.manilamail.us/wp-

</div>

</div>

</div>

</article>

<div class="post-previous"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=8025"

<div class="post-next"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=7964"

</div>

<a href="#" id="check-also-close"><i class="fa fa-close"></i></a>

<img width="310" height="165"

</div>

<h2 class="post-title"><a href="https://www.manilamail.us/?p=11181"

<p>MANILA. Foreign spouses and children of Filipinos will be allowed to travel

<div id="respond" class="comment-respond">

<h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply <small><a rel="nofollow"

<p class="comment-form-author"><label for="author">Name <span

<p class="comment-form-email"><label for="email">Email <span class="required">*</span></label>

<p class="comment-form-url"><label for="url">Website</label> <input id="url" name="url" type="url"

<p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="submit" value="Post

<input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' />

<noscript><input type="hidden" name="JS04X7" value="NS1" /></noscript>

<p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="ak_js" name="ak_js" value="243"/></p></form>

jQuery( document ).ready( function( $ ) {

$( '.comment-form, #registerform' ).append( '<input type="hidden" name="js-spam-prevention"

</div>

</div>

<div class="widget" id="tabbed-widget">

You might also like