201

REFERENCES

1. ANSYS 2012, 14.5 User‟s Guide, ANSYS, Inc., Canonsburg, PA

(http://www. ansys. com).

2. Babu, TS, Rao, MS & Seshu, DR 2008, 'Mechanical Properties and

stress-strain behaviour of self compacting concrete with and without
glass fibres', Asian journal of civil Engineering (Building and
Housing), vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 457-472.

3. Baig, MN, Fan, J & Nie, J 2006, 'Strength of concrete filled steel
tubular columns', Tsinghua Science & Technology, vol. 11, no. 6,
pp. 657-666.

4. Becque, J 2012, 'An inelastic finite strip method for thin-walled

compression members', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 50, no. 1,
pp. 87-94.

5. BIS 1970, Specification for the Fine Aggregate (Sand), Confirming to

Zone II of IS 383-1970, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

6. BIS 1981, Specification for Fly Ash for Use as Pozzolana and
Admixture, IS 3812-1981, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

7. BIS 1987, Specification for 53 grade OPC, IS:269:1987, Bureau of

Indian Standards, New Delhi.

8. BIS 383, ISD 1970, 'Specifications for coarse and fine aggregates'.

9. BIS 456, ISD 2000, 'Indian Standard: Plain and Reinforced Cement
Concrete', Code of practice.
 202

10. BIS 801 – 1975 (reaffirmed 2010) Indian standard code of

practice for use of cold-formed light gauge steel structural
members in general building construction Bureau of Indian
standards New Delhi

11. BIS12269, ISD 2003, 'Specification for 53 grade ordinary Portland

cement', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

12. BIS1786-1985, ISD 1985, 'Specification for 53 grade ordinary Portland

cement', Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi.

13. Bondale, D & Clark, P 1966, 'Composite construction in the

Almondsbury interchange‟', in Proceedings, BCSA Conference on
Structural Steelwork.

14. Brouwers, H & Radix, H 2005, 'Self-compacting concrete: theoretical

and experimental study', Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 35, no.
11, pp. 2116-2136.

15. Cai, J & He, Z-Q 2006, 'Axial load behavior of square CFT stub
column with binding bars', Journal of Constructional Steel Research,
vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 472-483.

16. Cai, S-H 1988, 'Ultimate strength of concrete-filled tube columns', in

Composite construction in Steel and Concrete, pp. 762-727.

17. Chang, X, Ru, ZL, Zhou, W & Zhang, Y-B 2013, 'Study on concrete-
filled stainless steel–carbon steel tubular (CFSCT) stub columns under
compression', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 63, pp. 125-133.
 203

18. Chattopadhyay, AP, Frink, E, Xin, X & Lease, KB 2012, 'Elastic

buckling characteristics of triangular tubes under uniaxial loading',
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 52, pp. 29-41.

19. Chen, J & Jin, W-l 2010, 'Experimental investigation of thin-walled

complex section concrete-filled steel stub columns', Thin-Walled
Structures, vol. 48, no. 9, pp. 718-724.

20. Chou, S, Chai, G & Ling, L 2000, 'Finite element technique for design
of stub columns', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 37, no. 2, pp. 97-112.

21. Committee, A 2005, 'Building code requirements for structural

concrete (ACI 318-05) and commentary (ACI 318R-05)', in.

22. De Nardin, S & El Debs, ALH 2004, 'An experimental study of

connections between I-beams and concrete filled steel tubular
columns', Steel and Composite Structures, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 303-315.

23. Desayi, P & Krishnan, S 1964, 'Equation for the stress-strain curve of
concrete', in ACI Journal Proceedings, vol. 61.

24. Ding, F-x, Yu, Z-w, Bai, Y & Gong, Y-z 2011, 'Elasto-plastic analysis
of circular concrete-filled steel tube stub columns', Journal of
Constructional Steel Research, vol. 67, no. 10, pp. 1567-1577.

25. Domone, P 2006, 'Self-compacting concrete: An analysis of 11 years

of case studies', Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 28, no. 2,
pp. 197-208.

26. Dong, C & Ho, J 2012, 'Uni-axial behaviour of normal-strength

CFDST columns with external steel rings', Steel and Composite
Structures, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 587-606.
 204

27. Dundu, M 2012, 'Compressive strength of circular concrete filled steel

tube columns', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 56, pp. 62-70.

28. Elchalakani, M, Zhao, X-L & Grzebieta, R 2002, 'Tests on concrete

filled double-skin (CHS outer and SHS inner) composite short columns
under axial compression', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 40, no. 5, pp.
415-441.

29. Elremaily, A & Azizinamini, A 2002, 'Behavior and strength of

circular concrete-filled tube columns', Journal of Constructional Steel
Research, vol. 58, no. 12, pp. 1567-1591.

30. Eurocode, C 1994, 4: Design of composite steel and concrete

structures, Part.

31. Felekoğlu, B, Türkel, S & Baradan, B 2007, 'Effect of water/cement

ratio on the fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete',
Building and Environment, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 1795-1802.

32. Giakoumelis, G & Lam, D 2004, 'Axial capacity of circular concrete-

filled tube columns', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 60,
no. 7, pp. 1049-1068.

33. Gilbert, BP, Teh, LH & Guan, H 2012, 'Self-shape optimisation

principles: Optimisation of section capacity for thin-walled profiles',
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 60, pp. 194-204.

34. Godin, P 1951, 'la lings 15000 V. Bimiers-Andrs de L‟ union general

d‟Electricite avec supports on tubes ramplis de deton vibze', Energie,
vol. 1, no. 108.
 205

35. Godin, P 1953, 'Étude du métabolisme ternaire de penicillium brevi-

compactum: I. Analyse chromatographique de millieu de culture',
Biochimica et biophysica acta, vol. 11, pp. 114-118.

36. Gopal, SR & Devadas, M 2004, 'Tests on fiber reinforced concrete

filled steel tubular columns', Steel and Composite Structures, vol. 4,
no. 1, pp. 37-48.

37. Guidelines, TE 2005, The European Guidelines for Self-Compacting

Concrete Specification, Production and Use.

38. Gunasekaran, K, Kumar, P & Lakshmipathy, M 2011, 'Mechanical and

bond properties of coconut shell concrete', Construction and building
materials, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 92-98.

39. Gupta, P, Sarda, S & Kumar, M 2007, 'Experimental and

computational study of concrete filled steel tubular columns under
axial loads', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 63, no. 2,
pp. 182-193.

40. Han, L-H & Lin, X-K 2004, 'Tests on cyclic behavior of concrete-filled
hollow structural steel columns after exposure to the ISO-834 standard
fire', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 130, no. 11, pp. 1807-
1819.

41. Han, L-H & Yao, G-H 2004, 'Experimental behaviour of thin-walled
hollow structural steel (HSS) columns filled with self-consolidating
concrete (SCC)', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1357-1377.

42. Han, L-H, Li, Y-J & Liao, F-Y 2011, 'Concrete-filled double skin steel
tubular (CFDST) columns subjected to long-term sustained loading',
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 49, no. 12, pp. 1534-1543.
 206

43. Han, L-H, Tao, Z, Huang, H & Zhao, X-L 2004, 'Concrete-filled
double skin (SHS outer and CHS inner) steel tubular beam-columns',
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 42, no. 9, pp. 1329-1355.

44. Han, L-H, Yao, G-H & Zhao, X-L 2005, 'Tests and calculations for
hollow structural steel (HSS) stub columns filled with self-
consolidating concrete (SCC)', Journal of Constructional Steel
Research, vol. 61, no. 9, pp. 1241-1269.

45. Hicks, S 2004, Comparative structure cost of modern commercial

buildings, Steel Construction Institute.

46. Huang, C, Yeh, Y-K, Liu, G-Y, Hu, H-T, Tsai, K, Weng, Y, Wang, S
& Wu, M-H 2002, 'Axial load behavior of stiffened concrete-filled
steel columns', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 128, no. 9, pp.
1222-1230.

47. Huang, F, Yu, X & Chen, B 2012, 'The structural performance of

axially loaded CFST columns under various loading conditions', Steel
and Composite Structures, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 451-471.

48. Huang, Y-s, Long, Y-L & Cai, J 2008, 'Ultimate strength of recangular
concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns under axial
compression', Steel and Composite Structures, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 115-
128.

49. Kerensky, O & Dallard, N 1968, 'The four level interchange between
m4 and m5 motorways at almondsbury.(Includes Appendix)', in ICE
Proceedings, vol. 40, pp. 295-321.
 207

50. Khairallah, F 2013, 'Mechanical behavior of confined self-compacting

reinforced concrete circular columns under concentric axial loading',
Ain Shams Engineering Journal, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 641-649.

51. Kikkin, SI, Marnin, VF & Rensky, AB 1959, 'Problems concerning

with strength of Concrete filled tubes', Journal of Building Structures
and Materials, no. 4.

52. Kim, J-K, Kwak, H-G & Kwak, J-H 2013, 'Behavior of hybrid double
skin concrete filled circular steel tube columns', Steel and Composite
Structures, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 191-204.

53. Kuranovas, A & Kvedaras, AK 2007, 'Centrifugally manufactured

hollow concrete‐filled steel tubular columns', Journal of Civil
Engineering and Management, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 297-306.

54. Kwak, H-G & Filippou, FC 1990, Finite element analysis of reinforced
concrete structures under monotonic loads, Department of Civil
Engineering, University of California Berkeley, CA, USA.

55. Lam, D & Gardner, L 2008, 'Structural design of stainless steel

concrete filled columns', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol.
64, no. 11, pp. 1275-1282.

56. Lee, S-H, Choi, Y-H, Kim, Y-H & Choi, S-M 2012, 'Structural
performance of welded built-up square CFST stub columns', Thin-
Walled Structures, vol. 52, pp. 12-20.

57. Li, G, Zhao, X, Wang, P & Liu, X 2006, 'Behaviour of concrete-filled

steel tubular columns incorporating fly ash', Cement and Concrete
Composites, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 189-196.
 208

58. Li, W, Ren, Q-X, Han, L-H & Zhao, X-L 2012, 'Behaviour of tapered
concrete-filled double skin steel tubular (CFDST) stub columns', Thin-
Walled Structures, vol. 57, pp. 37-48.

59. Liu, D & Gho, W-M 2005, 'Axial load behaviour of high-strength
rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns', Thin-Walled
Structures, vol. 43, no. 8, pp. 1131-1142.

60. Liu, D, Gho, W-M & Yuan, J 2003, 'Ultimate capacity of high-strength
rectangular concrete-filled steel hollow section stub columns', Journal
of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 59, no. 12, pp. 1499-1515.

61. Liu, J & Zhou, X 2010, 'Behavior and strength of tubed RC stub
columns under axial compression', Journal of Constructional Steel
Research, vol. 66, no. 1, pp. 28-36.

62. Lu, H, Zhao, X-L & Han, L-H 2011, 'FE modelling and fire resistance
design of concrete filled double skin tubular columns', Journal of
Constructional Steel Research, vol. 67, no. 11, pp. 1733-1748.

63. Lu, Z & Zhao, Y 2008, 'Mechanical behavior and ultimate strength of
circular CFT columns subjected to axial compression loads', in 14th
World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beiging, China.

64. Luo, X, Ge, H & Ohashi, M 2012, 'Experimental study on ductile crack
initiation in compact section steel columns', Steel and Composite
Structures, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 383-396.

65. Mirmiran, A, Shahawy, M & Beitleman, T 2001, 'Slenderness limit for

hybrid FRP-concrete columns', Journal of Composites for
Construction.
 209

66. Mohanraj, E & Kandasamy, S 2008, 'Experimental behaviour of

axially loaded hollow steel columns in-filled with concrete', Journal-
Institution of Engineers India Part Pe Production Engineering Division,
vol. 88, no. B, p. 23.

67. Monteiro, S, Terrones, L & D‟almeida, J 2008, 'Mechanical

performance of coir fiber/polyester composites', Polymer Testing, vol.
27, no. 5, pp. 591-595.

68. N, SF & E, HA 1915, 'An Investigation of Stredd and Elastic

Properties of Concrete Filled Pipe Column', in J.ASTM, proc.

69. Okamura, H & Ouchi, M 2003, 'Self-compacting concrete', Journal of

advanced concrete technology, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 5-15.

70. Olumuyiwa, AJ, Isaac, TS & Samuel, SO 2012, 'Study of mechanical

behaviour of coconut shell reinforced polymer matrix composite',
Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering,
vol. 11, no. 08, p. 774.

71. Prabhavathy, S & Surendar, D 2012, 'Comparative Study of Concrete

Filled Tubes with Hollow Double Skinned Composite Columns In-
Filled With Self Compacting Concrete', in Proceedings of International
Conference on Advances in Architecture and Civil Engineering
(AARCV 2012), vol. 21, p. 195.

72. Quattordio, G 1969, 'Selected Applications in the field of Tubular

Structures in Italy, Port installations, Domes and Bridges', in The third
international conference organized by CIDECT.

73. Ramanathan, P, Baskar, I, Muthupriya, P & Venkatasubramani, R

2013, 'Performance of self-compacting concrete containing different
 210

mineral admixtures', KSCE journal of civil engineering, vol. 17, no. 2,

pp. 465-472.

74. S, SJ 1902, 'Columns for Buildings Engineering News Record', in vol.

48.

75. Şahmaran, M, Christianto, HA & Yaman, İÖ 2006, 'The effect of

chemical admixtures and mineral additives on the properties of self-
compacting mortars', Cement and Concrete Composites, vol. 28, no. 5,
pp. 432-440.

76. Sakino, K, Nakahara, H, Morino, S & Nishiyama, I 2004, 'Behavior of

centrally loaded concrete-filled steel-tube short columns', Journal of
Structural Engineering, vol. 130, no. 2, pp. 180-188.

77. Schneider, SP 1998a, 'Axially loaded concrete-filled steel tubes',

Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 124, no. 10, pp. 1125-1138.

78. Schneider, SP 1998b, 'Axially Loaded Concrete-filled Steel tubes',

Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1125-1138.

79. Shakir-Khalil, H 1991, 'Composite columns of double-skinned shells',

Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 133-152.

80. Shanmugam, N & Lakshmi, B 2001, 'State of the art report on steel–
concrete composite columns', Journal of Constructional Steel Research,
vol. 57, no. 10, pp. 1041-1080.

81. Standard, I 2009, Recommended guidelines for concrete mix design,

IS.

82. STEEL, SBOC-F & WALLS, S 2013, 'M. Bruneau, Y. Alzeni 2, P.

Fouché 2'.
 211

83. Tao, Z & Han, L-H 2006, 'Behaviour of concrete-filled double skin
rectangular steel tubular beam–columns', Journal of Constructional
Steel Research, vol. 62, no. 7, pp. 631-646.

84. Tao, Z, Han, L-H & Wang, D-Y 2007, 'Experimental behaviour of
concrete-filled stiffened thin-walled steel tubular columns', Thin-
Walled Structures, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 517-527.

85. Tao, Z, Han, L-H & Wang, D-Y 2008, 'Strength and ductility of
stiffened thin-walled hollow steel structural stub columns filled with
concrete', Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1113-1128.

86. Tao, Z, Han, LH & Zhao, X-L 2004, 'Behaviour of concrete-filled

double skin (CHS inner and CHS outer) steel tubular stub columns and
beam-columns', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 60, no.
8, pp. 1129-1158.

87. Tao, Z, Uy, B, Liao, F-Y & Han, L-H 2011, 'Nonlinear analysis of
concrete-filled square stainless steel stub columns under axial
compression', Journal of Constructional Steel Research, vol. 67, no. 11,
pp. 1719-1732.

88. Uenaka, K, Kitoh, H & Sonoda, K 2010, 'Concrete filled double skin
circular stub columns under compression', Thin-Walled Structures, vol.
48, no. 1, pp. 19-24.

89. Uysal, M & Yilmaz, K 2011, 'Effect of mineral admixtures on

properties of self-compacting concrete', Cement and Concrete
Composites, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 771-776.
 212

90. Valcuende, M & Parra, C 2009, 'Bond behaviour of reinforcement in

self-compacting concretes', Construction and building materials, vol.
23, no. 1, pp. 162-170.

91. Wang, Q, Zhao, D & Guan, P 2004, 'Experimental study on the

strength and ductility of steel tubular columns filled with steel-
reinforced concrete', Engineering Structures, vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 907-
915.

92. Wang, Y, Yang, Y & Zhang, S 2012, 'Static behaviors of

reinforcement-stiffened square concrete-filled steel tubular columns',
Thin-Walled Structures, vol. 58, pp. 18-31.

93. Weng, C & Yen, S 2002, 'Comparisons of concrete-encased composite

column strength provisions of ACI code and AISC specification',
Engineering Structures, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 59-72.

94. Xiao, Y, He, W & Choi, KK 2005, 'Confined concrete-filled tubular

columns', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 488-
497.

95. Yang, Y & Han, L 2012, 'Concrete filled steel tube (CFST) columns
subjected to concentrically partial compression', Thin-Walled
Structures, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 147-156.

96. Yang, Y-F & Han, L-H 2006, 'Compressive and flexural behaviour of
recycled aggregate concrete filled steel tubes (RACFST) under short-
term loadings', Steel and Composite Structures, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 257.

97. Yu, Z-w, Ding, FX & Cai, C 2007, 'Experimental behavior of circular
concrete-filled steel tube stub columns', Journal of Constructional Steel
Research, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 165-174.
 213

98. Zeghiche, J & Chaoui, K 2005, 'An experimental behaviour of

concrete-filled steel tubular columns', Journal of Constructional Steel
Research, vol. 61, no. 1, pp. 53-66.

99. Zhao, XL & Grzebieta, R 2002, 'Strength and ductility of concrete

filled double skin (SHS inner and SHS outer) tubes', Thin-Walled
Structures, vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 199-213.

100. Zheng, Y, Usami, T & Ge, H 2000, 'Ductility of thin-walled steel box
stub-columns', Journal of Structural Engineering, vol. 126, no. 11, pp.
1304-1311.

101. Zhu, W & Bartos, PJ 2003, 'Permeation properties of self-compacting

concrete', Cement and Concrete Research, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 921-926
 214

LIST OF PUBLICATIONS

Journals

1. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2013„Experimental study on the

behaviour of Axially Loaded Double skinned Hollow steel tubular
columns in-filled with Self compacting concrete‟,Poll Res, vol. 32
no. 4, pp. 933-942.
2. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2014, 'Behaviour and Strength of
Innovative Steel Concrete Columns with SCC', in Advanced Materials
Research, vol. 984, pp. 684-692.
3. Thenmozhi, R & Balasubramani, N 2015, 'Experimental Study on
Self Compacting Concrete (M25) with 25% Fly ash Incorporating 10%
Replacement of Coconut-Shell as Coarse Aggregate', Nature
Environment & Pollution Technology, vol. 14, no. 2.
4. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2015, 'Strength and Deflection of
Axially Loaded DSHCFT ColumnsHaving PVC Inner-Steel Outer
Pipes Annuarly In-Filled with SCC M35', Indian Journal of Science
and Technology, vol. 8, no. S7, pp. 11-15.
5. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2015, „Double skinned hollow
composite columns In-filled withSCC - M25, M30 and M35‟, „Peripex
Indain Journal of Research vol. 4, Issue 4, pp 4-7.

International / National Conferences

1. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2014„Axial compression tests on
Double skinned steel tubular columns In-filled with SCC‟,
International Conference on „Science and Technology 2014(ICST-
2k14), S. B. Patil College of Engineering, Pune,India.
2. Balasubramani, N & Thenmozhi, R 2014„Behaviour and Strength of
innovative steel concrete columns with SCC‟ ICRAMID-2014:
International Conference on Recent Advances in Mechanical
Engineering and Interdisciplinary Developments, Ponjesly College of
Engineering, March 7 & 8, 2014, Nagercoil, India.