(2-13)

Five kg pre second of steam at 5.9 Mpa and 500° C expand to 0.9 Mpa in a polytropic process where
pV¹.26= C, Find (a) x2 or t2, ∆ H, ∆ U,∆ S, (b) W for nonflow, and (c) W for steady flow if ∆ K=-40 kj/s. (d)
Find Q from steady flow and also from nonflow energy equation.

SOLUTION:

At a pressure of 5.9 Mpa and a temperature of 500° C, the steam is superheated.

V1= 0.05766m/kg

U1=3083.1 kJ/kg

h1=3423.3 kj/kg

s1=6.8892 kJ/(kg)(K)

P2V2n= P1V1n

V2=V1 [P1/P2] =0.05766 [5.9/0.9]1/1.26 = 0.2564 m3/kg

The specific volume of saturated steam at 0.9 Mpa is 0.17538 m 3/kg. the final condition is a superheated
vapor.

At P2= 0.9 Mpa

0.=2539 2695.9 2924.4 6.9364 240

0.2564 u2 h2 s2 t2

0.2596 2712.7 2946.3 6.9787 250

0.2539-0.2564/0.2539-0.2596 = 2695.9 – u / 2695.9-2712.7 = U2 = 2703.27 kJ/kg

0.2539-0.2564/0.2539-0.2596 = 2924.4 – h / 2924.4 - 2946.3 = H2 = 2934.01 kJ/kg

0.2539-0.2564/0.2539-0.2596 = 6.9364 – s / 6.9364 - 6.9787 = S2 =6.95 kJ/kg .K

0.2539-0.2564/0.2539-0.2596 = 240 – t / 240 – 250 = t2=244.39 °C

(a) T2 = 244.39°C

∆ H = m(h2 - h1 ) = 5(2934.01 – 3423.3) = -2446.45 kJ/s

∆ U = m(u2 - u1 ) = 5(2703.27 – 3083.1) = -1899.15kj/s
∆ S = m(s2 - s1 ) = 5(6.95 – 6.8892) = 0.304 kJ/(s)(K)
(b) W=m(p2v2- p1v1) / 1 – n
=5(900)(0.2564) – (5900)(0.05766) / 1 – 1.26
=2104.5 kJ/s
(c) – f Vdv = W2 +∆ K

nfpdv = W2 +∆ K

(1.26)(2104.5) = W2-40

(1.26)(2104.5) + 40 = W2

W2 = 2691.67 kJ/s

(d) Q= ∆ U + W2 = -1899.15 + 2104.5 = 205.35 kJ/s

Q= ∆ K + ∆ H + W2 = -40 (-2446.45) + 2691.67= 205.27 kJ/s