906

TABLE A.1 Thermophysical Properties of Metals at 300 K

Specific Thermal Specific Thermal

Density heat Conductivity Density heat Conductivity
Metal
(kg/m3 ) c (J/kg
K) k (W/m
KÞ Metal
(kg/m3 ) c (J/kg
K) k (W/m
KÞ

Aluminum Steel
Pure 2702 903 237 AISI 1010 7832 434 63.9
Duralumina 2770 875 174 AISI 1042 (annealed) 7840 460 50
APPENDIX A

Coper AISI 4130 (hardened) 7840 460 43

Pure 8933 385 401 AISI 302 8055 480 15.1

Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Bronze (90% Cu, 10% Al) 8800 420 52 AISI 304 7900 477 14.9
Brass (70% Cu, 30% Zn) 8530 380 111 AISI 316 8238 468 13.4
Iron AISI 347 7978 480 14.2
Pure 7870 447 80.2 AISI 410 7770 460 25
4 C cast 7272 420 51 Titanium
Inconel X-750 8510 439 11.7 Pure 4500 522 21.9
Nickel, pure 8900 444 91 Ti-6Al-4V 4420 610 5.8
Nichrome (80% Ni, 20% Cr) 8314 460 13 Ti-21Al-2Mn 4510 466 8.4
Hasteloy B 9240 381 12.2
Thermophysical Properties

Sources: Data from A. F. Mills, Heat and Mass Transfer, Richard D. Irwin, Burr Ridge, IL, 1995; F. P. Incropera and D. P. DeWitt,
Introduction to Heat Transfer, Wiley, New York, 2002; Y. S. Touloukian and C. Y. Ho, Thermophysical Properties of Matter, Vols. 1–9,

Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design. Ramesh K. Shah and Dušan P. Sekulic

Plenum Press, New York, 1972; American Society for Metals, Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1961.
a
4.4% Cu, 1.0% Mg, 0.75% Mn, 0.4% Si, Al balance.
 THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES 907

TABLE A.2 Thermal Conductivity [k (W/m E K)] and Specific Heat [c (J/kg E K)] of Metals as a
Function of Temperature

Temperature (K)

200 300 400 500 600 800

Metal c k c k c k c k c k c k

Al pure 798 237 903 237 949 240 996 236 1033 231 1146 218
Cu pure 356 413 385 401 397 393 412 386 417 379 433 366
Bronze 785 42 420 52 460 52 500 55
Brass 360 74 380 111 395 134 410 143 425 146 150
Iron Armco 384 81 447 73 490 66 530 59 574 53 680 42
Iron cast 420 51 44 39 36 27
AISI 1010 434 64 487 59 520 54 559 49 685 39
AISI 1042 52 500 50 530 48 570 45 700 37
AISI 4130 43 500 42 530 41 570 40 690 37
AISI 302 480 15 512 17 531 19 559 20 585 23
AISI 304 402 13 477 15 515 17 539 18 557 20 582 23
AISI 316 468 13 504 15 528 17 550 18 576 21
AISI 410 25 460 25 26 27 27 29
Inconel 372 10.3 439 11.7 473 13.5 490 15.1 510 17 546 20.5
Nichrome 13 480 14 500 16 525 17 545 21
Ti-pure 405 25 522 22 551 20 572 20 591 19 633 19

Sources: Data from A. F. Mills, Heat and Mass Transfer, Richard D. Irwin, Burr Ridge, IL, 1995; F. P. Incropera
and D. P. DeWitt, Introduction to Heat Transfer, Wiley, New York, 2002; Y. S. Touloukian and C. Y. Ho,
Thermophysical Properties of Matter, Vols. 1–9, Plenum Press, New York, 1972; American Society for Metals,
Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, ASM, Metals Park, OH, 1961.

TABLE A.3 Thermophysical Properties of Some Liquid Metals

Liquid Metal T (K)
(kg/m3 ) k (W/m
KÞ cp ðJ=kg
KÞ   104 (Pa
s)

Potassium 400 814 45.5 800 4.9

500 790 43.6 790 2.8
600 765 41.6 780 2.1
800 717 36.8 750 1.6
Sodium 500 900 79.2 1335 4.2
600 868 74.7 1310 3.1
800 813 65.7 1260 2.2
1000 772 59.3 1255 1.8
Lithium 500 514 43.7 4340 5.31
600 503 46.1 4230 4.26
800 483 50.7 4170 3.10
900 473 55.9 4160 2.47

Source: Data from A. F. Mills, Heat and Mass Transfer, Richard D. Irwin, Burr Ridge, IL, 1995.
908 THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES

TABLE A.4 Thermophysical Properties of Saturated Liquids

Liquid T (K)
(kg/m3 ) k (W/m
KÞ cp (J/kg
KÞ   103 (Pa
s)   106 ðK1 Þ

Water 273.15 1000 0.569 4217 1.750 68.05

280 1000 0.582 4198 1.422 46.04
290 999.0 0.598 4184 1.080 174.0
300 997.0 0.613 4179 0.855 276.1
310 993.0 0.628 4178 0.695 361.9
320 989.1 0.640 4180 0.577 436.7
330 984.3 0.650 4184 0.489 504.0
340 979.4 0.660 4188 0.420 566.0
350 973.7 0.668 4195 0.365 624.2
400 937.2 0.688 4256 0.217 896
500 831.3 0.642 4660 0.118 —
600 648.9 0.497 7000 0.081 —
647.3 315.5 0.238 1 0.045 —

Engine oil 273 899.1 0.147 1796 3850 700

(unused) 280 895.3 0.144 1827 2170 700
300 884.1 0.145 1909 486 700
320 871.8 0.143 1993 141 700
340 859.9 0.139 2076 53.1 700
360 847.8 0.138 2161 25.2 700
380 836.0 0.136 2250 14.1 700
400 825.1 0.134 2337 8.74 700
420 812.1 0.133 2427 5.64 700

Ethylene 273 1130.8 0.242 2294 65.1 650

glycol 290 1125.8 0.244 2323 42.0 650
290 1118.8 0.248 2368 24.7 650
300 1114.4 0.252 2415 15.7 650
310 1103.7 0.255 2460 10.7 650
320 1096.2 0.258 2505 7.57 650
330 1089.5 0.260 2549 5.61 650
340 1083.8 0.261 2592 4.31 650
350 1079.0 0.261 2637 3.42 650
360 1074.0 0.261 2682 2.78 650
370 1066.7 0.262 2728 2.28 650
373 1058.5 0.263 2742 2.15 650
Freon R-12 230 1528 0.068 881.6 0.457 1850
240 1498 0.069 892.3 0.385 1900
250 1470 0.070 903.7 0.354 2000
260 1439 0.073 916.3 0.322 2100
270 1407 0.073 930.1 0.304 2250
280 1374 0.073 945.0 0.283 2350
290 1341 0.073 960.9 0.265 2550
300 1306 0.072 978.1 0.254 2750
310 1269 0.069 996.3 0.244 3050
320 1229 0.068 1015.5 0.233 3500

Source: Data from F. P. Incropera and D. P. DeWitt, Introduction to Heat Transfer, 5th ed., Wiley, New York,
2002.
 THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES 909

TABLE A.5 Thermophysical Properties of Gases at Atmospheric Pressure

Gas T (K)
(kg/m3 ) k (W/m
KÞ cp (J/kg
KÞ   103 (Pa
s)

Air 100 3.5562 0.00934 1032 71.1

150 2.3364 0.0138 1012 103.4
200 1.7458 0.0181 1007 132.5
250 1.3947 0.0223 1006 159.6
300 1.1614 0.0263 1007 184.6
350 0.9950 0.0300 1009 208.2
400 0.8711 0.0338 1014 230.1
450 0.7740 0.0373 1021 250.7
500 0.6964 0.0407 1030 270.1
600 0.5804 0.0469 1051 305.8
700 0.4975 0.0524 1075 338.8
800 0.4354 0.0573 1099 369.8
900 0.3868 0.0620 1121 398.1
1000 0.3482 0.0667 1141 424.2
Ammonia 300 0.6894 0.0247 2158 101.5
320 0.6448 0.0272 2170 109
340 0.6059 0.0293 2192 116.5
360 0.5716 0.0316 2221 124
380 0.5410 0.0340 2254 131
400 0.5136 0.0370 2287 138
420 0.4888 0.0404 2322 145
440 0.4664 0.0435 2357 152.5
460 0.4460 0.0463 2393 159
480 0.4273 0.0492 2430 166.5
500 0.4101 0.0525 2467 173
Steam 380 0.5863 0.0246 2060 127.1
400 0.5542 0.0261 2014 134.4
450 0.4902 0.0299 1980 152.5
500 0.4405 0.0339 1985 170.4
550 0.4005 0.0379 1997 188.4
600 0.3652 0.0422 2026 206.7
650 0.3380 0.0464 2056 224.7
700 0.3140 0.0505 2085 242.6
750 0.2931 0.0549 2119 260.4
800 0.2739 0.0592 2152 278.6
850 0.2579 0.0637 2186 296.9

Source: Data adapted and modified from F. P. Incropera, and D. P. DeWitt, Introduction to Heat Transfer, 5th
ed., Wiley, New York, 2002.
910
TABLE A.6 Thermophysical Properties of R134a as Liquid and Vapour along the Saturation Line

Vapor Liquid
3
T P
cp   10 k
cp   103 k
ðKÞ (MPa) (kg/m3 ) ðkJ=kg
KÞ ðPa
sÞ (W/m
K) (kg/m3 ) ðkJ=kg
KÞ ðPa
sÞ (W/m
K)

273.2 0.293 14.43 0.90 10.7 0.0115 1295 1.34 271.1 0.0920
275 0.313 15.39 0.91 10.8 0.0117 1289 1.35 264.8 0.0912
280 0.373 18.23 0.93 11.0 0.0121 1272 1.36 248.5 0.0890
285 0.441 21.48 0.96 11.2 0.0126 1255 1.38 233.3 0.0868
290 0.518 25.19 0.98 11.4 0.0130 1237 1.39 219.2 0.0846
295 0.605 29.4 1.01 11.7 0.0135 1219 1.41 205.9 0.0825
300 0.703 34.19 1.04 11.9 0.0140 1200 1.43 193.3 0.0803
305 0.812 39.63 1.08 12.1 0.0145 1180 1.46 181.5 0.0782
310 0.933 45.79 1.12 12.4 0.0151 1160 1.48 170.2 0.0761
315 1.068 52.77 1.16 12.6 0.0157 1139 1.51 159.5 0.0739
320 1.217 60.71 1.21 12.9 0.0163 1117 1.54 149.3 0.0718
325 1.380 69.76 1.27 13.2 0.0170 1094 1.58 139.5 0.0696
330 1.560 80.09 1.34 13.6 0.0178 1069 1.63 130.0 0.0675
335 1.757 91.97 1.42 13.9 0.0187 1043 1.68 120.9 0.0653
340 1.972 105.7 1.52 14.4 0.0197 1015 1.75 111.9 0.0631
345 2.206 121.8 1.66 14.8 0.0209 984.7 1.84 103.2 0.0609
350 2.461 141 1.85 15.4 0.0225 951.3 1.96 94.5 0.0586
355 2.739 164.3 2.13 16.1 0.0246 913.8 2.14 85.8 0.0563
360 3.040 193.6 2.61 17.0 0.0274 870.1 2.44 76.8 0.0541
365 3.369 232.9 3.58 18.4 0.0318 816.3 3.04 67.2 0.0522
370 3.728 293.9 6.86 20.7 0.0407 740.3 5.11 55.8 0.0521
374 4.042 434.1 137.20 27.5 0.1018 587.9 101.70 38.9 0.0881

Source: Data from M. O. McLinden, S. A. Klein, E. W. Lemmon, and A. P. Peskin, NIST Thermodyamic and Transport Properties of Refrigrants and Refrigerant Mixtures, NIST
Standard Reference Database 23, REFPROP Version 6.01, U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Physical
and Chemical Properties Division, Boulder, CO, 1998.