Q What are the bars if the ship changes/shifts to hydrogen?

Firstly, there was some confusion regarding the meaning of BAR. If it was the layman term bar as in
regulations etc or the unit bar used for storage of hydrogen.

When researching from the former point of view I could not find anything even remotely related to
regulation of hydrogen fuel or guidelines for its adoption. Mostly all articles were related to its
benefits and its growth worldwide.

When I stumbled upon the term/unit BAR used for storage of hydrogen I could gather some info on
it from international as well as national sources but nothing ship specific.

Storing hydrogen

Under pressure

The easiest way to decrease the volume of a gas, at constant temperatures, is to increase its
pressure.

So, at 700 bar, which is 700 times normal atmospheric pressure, hydrogen has a density of
42 kg/m3, compared with 0.090 kg/m3 under normal pressure and temperature conditions. At this
pressure, 5 kg of hydrogen can be stored in a 125-liter tank.

Today, most car manufacturers have opted for the solution that consists in storing hydrogen in the
gaseous form, at high pressure. This technology enables us to store enough hydrogen to allow a car
that runs on a fuel cell battery to cover between 500 and 600 km between fill-ups.

According to India country status report on hydrogen and fuel cells prepared by the Ministry of
science and tech, GOI.

The major bottleneck in the hydrogen pathway is compact, efficient, conformable, cost effective and
safe storage of hydrogen. The requirements from a hydrogen store is different for stationary and
vehicular applications. For transportation sector, the weight and size should be low, refueling should
be fast and the hydrogen storage system should have most of the characteristics which current fossil
fuel vehicles have like range, passenger space, safety, cost, acceleration/deceleration, start and stop,
refueling time, life and cost etc. There are several challenges towards storing hydrogen and
achieving the above-mentioned criterion

Hydrogen can be stored in either compressed, liquified and solid state. Since the density of
hydrogen is very low 0.089 kg/m3 , as such storing in gaseous form requires compression to high
pressures. The commercially available Type III and Type IV tank, can store hydrogen at 350 bar or
700 bar.

According to the US Dept. of Energy

The performance and cost of compressed hydrogen storage tank systems has been assessed and
compared to the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 2010, 2015, and ultimate targets for automotive
applications. The on-board performance and high-volume manufacturing cost were determined for
compressed hydrogen tanks with design pressures of 350 bar (~5000 psi) and 700 bar (~10,000 psi)
capable of storing 5.6 kg of usable hydrogen. The off-board performance and cost of delivering
compressed hydrogen was determined for hydrogen produced by central steam methane reforming
(SMR). The main conclusions of the assessment are that the 350-bar compressed storage system has
the potential to meet the 2010 and 2015 targets for system gravimetric capacity but will not likely
meet any of the system targets for volumetric capacity or cost, given our base case assumptions. The
700-bar compressed storage system has the potential to meet only the 2010 target for system
gravimetric capacity and is not likely to meet any of the system targets for volumetric capacity or
cost, despite the fact that its volumetric capacity is much higher than that of the 350-bar system.
Both the 350-bar and 700-bar systems come close to meeting the Well-to-Tank (WTT) efficiency
target, but fall short by about 5%..

REFERENCES:

GOI REPORT:

https://static.pib.gov.in/WriteReadData/userfiles/India%20Country%20Status%20Report%20on
%20Hydrogen%20and%20Fuel%20Cell.pdf

DOE TARGET:

https://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/pdfs/compressedtank_storage.pdf

Storage of hydrogen (methods):

https://energies.airliquide.com/resources-planet-hydrogen/how-hydrogen-stored