Packet Tracer Simulation- TCP and UDP

STEPS:-
1. Create the above network diagram with annotations.

2. Configure the server.

(i) Enter the IP address as 192.168.1.254, subnet mask and the DNS server as
192.168.1.254(Keep the default gateway blank).
(ii) Go to DNS in the services on the left side of the window.
(iii) Type multiserver.pt.ptu in the name field and type 192.168.1.254 in the address
field.
Click on add. Check if the radio button ON is selected.
(iv) In the e-mail services, type domain as multiserver.pt.ptu, user as cisco and password
as cisco and click on +.

3. Configure all the PCs. Enter the relevant IP address, subnet mask and the DNS server as
192.168.1.254. (Keep the default gateway blank)

4.Generate traffic to populate the ARP tables

(i) Click MultiServer and click the Desktop tab > Command Prompt
(ii) Enter the ping 192.168.1.255 command.
(iii) This will take a few seconds since every device on the network responds to
multiserver.
(iv) Close the multiserver window

5. Generate web(HTTP) traffic.

(i) Switch to simulation mode.
 (ii) Click HTTP client and click the Desktop tab >Web Browser
(iii) In the URL field, enter 192.168.1.254 and click Go. Envelopes(PDUs) will appear in
the simulation window.
(iv) Minimise, but do not close the window.

6.Generate FTP traffic.

(i) Click FTP client and click the desktop tab>command Prompt.
(ii) Enter the ftp 192.168.1.254 command. PDUs will appear in the simulation window.
(iii) Minimise, but do not close the window.

7. Generate DNS traffic

(i) Click DNS client and click the desktop tab>command Prompt.
(ii) Enter the nslookup multiserver.pt.ptu command. PDUs will appear in the simulation
window.
(iii) Minimise, but do not close the window.

8. Generate e-mail traffic

(i) Click e-mail client and click the desktop tab>E-mail tool
(ii) Enter the following in the configure mail window.
Your name: cisco
Email address: cisco@multiserver.pt.ptu
Incoming mail server: 192.168.1.254
Outgoing mail server: 192.168.1.254
User Name: cisco
Password: cisco
Click on save.
(iii) Click compose and enter the following information.
To:cisco@multiserver.pt.ptu
Subject: This is the subject
E-mail Body: Welcome to packet tracer
(iv)Click Send. PDUs will appear in the simulation window.
(v) Minimise, but do not close the window.

9. In the simulation panel, click Capture/Forward once. All the PDUs are transferred to the
switch.
(i) Click Capture/Forward again. Some PDUs will disappear.
(ii) Click Capture/Forward till all the clients receive the reply(6 times).
(iii) A variety of PDUs appears in the event list in the upper right pane of the simulation
window.
(iv) Click Back eight times. This should reset the simulation.(Do not click on Reset
simulation)
10.Examine HTTP Traffic .
(i) Filter the traffic to display only HTTP and TCP PDUs . To do this, Click Edit filters and
toggle
the Show All/None check box.
(ii) Select HTTP and TCP.Click anywhere outside the Edit Filters box to hide it.
(iii)Click Capture/Forward. Hold the mouse over each PDU till you find the one that
originates
from HTTP client. Click the PDU envelope to open it.
(iv) Click the Inbound PDU details tab and scroll down to the last section. This section is
labelled
as TCP.These communication are reliable since they use TCP.
(v) The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:-
1025,80,0,0. The SYN bit is set.
(vi) Close the PDU and click capture/forward till a PDU returns to the HTTP client with a
checkmark.
(vii) Click the PDU envelope and select Inbound PDU details. Now, the port and sequence
numbers are different than before. The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and
ACK
NUM values are as follows:- 80,1025,0,1 The SYN+ACK bit is set.
(viii) There is a second PDU of a different colour that the HTTP client has prepared to
send to
multiserver.This is the beginning of the HTTP communication.
(ix) Click the second PDU envelope and select Outbound PDU details. The SRC PORT,DEST
PORT,
SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:- 1025,80,1,1. The PSH+ACK bit
is set.
(x) Click Back until the simulation is reset.

11. Examine the FTP traffic.

(i) Filter the traffic to display only FTP and TCP PDUs .To do this, Click Edit filters and
toggle the Show All/None check box.
(ii) Select FTP and TCP. Click anywhere outside the Edit Filters box to hide it.
(iii) Click Capture/Forward. Hold the mouse over each PDU till you find the one that
originates from FTP client.
(iv) Click the PDU envelope to open it.Click the Inbound PDU details tab and scroll down
to the last section. This section is labelled as TCP. This communication is reliable since it
is TCP.
(v) The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:-
1025,21,0,0. The SYN bit is set.
(vi) Close the PDU and click capture/forward till a PDU returns to the HTTP client with a
 checkmark.
(vii) Click the PDU envelope and select Inbound PDU details. The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,
SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:- 21,1025,0,1. The SYN+ACK is
set.
(viii) Click the Outbound PDU details tab .The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and
ACK
NUM values are as follows:- 1025,21,1,1. The ACK bit is set.
(ix) Close the PDU and click Capture/forward till a second PDU returns to the FTP client.
The PDU
is of a different colour.
(x) Open the PDU and select Inbound PDU details.Scroll down past the TCP section. The
message
from the server is “Welcome to PT Ftp server”
(xi) Click Back until the simulation is reset.

12. Examine the DNS traffic.

(i) Filter the traffic to display only DNS and UDP PDUs.To do this, Click Edit filters and
toggle the
Show All/None check box.
(ii) Select DNS and UDP.Click anywhere outside the Edit Filters box to hide it.
(iii) Click the PDU envelope to open it.Click the Inbound PDU details tab and scroll down
to the last section. This section is labelled as UDP ans contains the dns query.This
communication is not reliable since it uses UDP.
(iv)The SRC PORT and DEST PORT values are 1025 and 53. There is no sequence number
or acknowledgement numbe since it is udp protocol.
(v)Close the PDU and click capture/forward till a PDU returns to the DNS client with a
checkmark.
(vi)Click the PDU envelope and select Inbound PDU details. The SRC PORT and DEST
PORT values are 53 and 1025. The last section of the PDU is called the DNS answer
(vii)Click Back until the simulation is reset.

13.Examine the E-mail traffic.

(i) Filter the traffic to display only POP3,SMTP and TCP PDUs .To do this, Click Edit
filters and toggle the Show All/None check box.
(ii) Select POP3,SMTP and TCP.Click anywhere outside the Edit Filters box to hide it.
(iii)Click Capture/Forward.Hold the mouse over each PDU till you find the one that
originates from E-mail client.
(iv)Click the PDU envelope to open it.Click the Inbound PDU details tab and scroll
down to the last section. This section is labelled as TCP and therefore its
communication is reliable.
 (v) The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:-
1025,25,0,0. The SYN bit is set.
(vi)Close the PDU and click capture/forward till a PDU returns to the E-mail client with
a checkmark.
(vii) Click the PDU envelope and select Inbound PDU details. The SRC PORT,DEST
PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:-25,1025,0,1. The SYN+ACK
is set.
(viii)Click the Outbound PDU details tab .The SRC PORT,DEST PORT,SEQUENCE NUM
and ACK NUM values are as follows:-1025,25,1,1. The ACK bit is set.
(ix)Close the PDU .The second PDU is of a different colour.
(x)Open the PDU and select Outbound PDU details. The SRC PORT,DEST
PORT,SEQUENCE NUM and ACK NUM values are as follows:-1025,25,1,1.The PSH+ACK
bit is set.
(xi)What e-mail protocol is associated with TCP port 25? SMTP
What protocol is associated with TCP port 110? POP3
(xii) Click Back until the simulation is reset.

14.Examine use of port numbers from the server.

(i) Switch back to real time mode
(ii) Click multiserver and click the desktop tab > command prompt.
(iii) Enter the netstat command to see a list of protocols.

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