Security Level: Internal Open ) HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential HUAWEICONTENTS Charter 1_ LTE basic principle Charter 2 LTE Roll-out strategy Charter 3 LTE Dimensioning Charter 4 LTE Pre-sale Simulation Charter 5 LTE RNP Solutions AY e. - HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 2LTE at a glance! Nov 2004 LTE/SAE High level requirements + Simplified lower cost network with open interfaces + Reduced cost per bit +_More lower cost services “with better user experience + Flexible use of new and existing frequency bands + Reduced terminal complexity and reasonable power consumption Spectral Efficiency 3-4x HSDPA (downlink) 2-3x HSUPA (uplink) Latency Idle > active < 100 ms Small packets < 5 ms @) Flexible Channel i © Mobile MUST] ee le MIMO ile Multiple Input Multiple Output Support! 7 Mobility 2 Optimized: 0-15 km/h High performance: 15~ 120 km/h Funetional: 120-350 km/h Under consideration: 350-500 km/h HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 3 4 HuAwe:LTE frequency bands PS ed | Comments = Status: 3GPP R9, Mar. 2008 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 4 4 HUAWEILTE Network Architecture Main Network Element of LTE 5 The E-UTRAN consists of e-NodeBs, providing the user plane and control plane. a The EPC consists of MME, S-GW and P-GW. Network Interface of LTE Compare with traditional 3G network, LTE architecture becomes much more simple and flat, which can lead to lower networking cost, higher networking flexibility and shorter time delay of user data and control signaling. o The e-NodeBs are interconnected with each other by means of the X2 interface, which enabling direct transmission of data and signaling. 5 $1 is the interface between e-NodeBs and the EPC, more specifically to the MME via the S1-MME and to the S-GW via the S1-U MMe /s-ow MME /s-cW qr 5 hj > EUTRAN nN G ) swe Nh Z eo HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. ontgiaso 8 Prose Huawei Confidential RRC: Radio Resource Control PDGP: Packet Data Convergence Protocol RLC: Radio Link Control MAC: Medium Access Control PHY: Physical layer EPC: Evolved Packet Core MME: Mobility Management Entity S-GW: Serving Gateway P-GW: PDN GatewayLTE Network Element Function e-Node hosts the following functions: Functions for Radio Resource Management: Radio Bearer Control, Radio Admission Control, Connection Mobility Control, Dynamic allocation of resources to UES in both uplink and downlink (scheduling); 8 IP header compression and encryption of user data stream; = Selection of an MME at UE attachment; = Routing of User Plane data towards Serving Gateway; = Scheduling and transmission of paging and broadcast messages (originated from the MME); 8 Measurement and measurement reporting configuration for mobility and scheduling; MME (Mobility Management Entity) hosts the following functions: NAS signaling and security; AS Security control; Idle state mobility handling; EPS (Evolved Packet System) bearer control; ‘Support paging, handover, roaming and authentication. P.GW (PDN Gateway) hosts the following functions: > o Per-user based packet filtering; UE IP address allocation; UL and DL service level charging, gating and rate enforcement; HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential a — [[conesin sity Con] oa eo sees —— Ee [cotati | rere Dynutic Resource: Hence este = eee we snoore | ||| “ste a a oni ca at * _ S-GW (Serving Gateway) hosts the following functions: for inter-operator charging. Page 6 re Packet routing and forwarding; Local mobility anchor point for handover; Lawful interception; UL and DL charging per UE, PDN, and QCI; Accounting on user and QC! granularity 4 HuAWe: yo S )Introduction of LTE Radio Protocol Stack Two Planes in LTE Radio Protocol: a User-plane: For user data transfer 2 Control-plane: For system signaling transfer Main Functions of User-plane: a Header Compression = Ciphering = Scheduling so ARQ/HARQ U: lane prot HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. UE Main Functions of Control-plane: RLC and MAC layers perform the same functions as for the user plane PDCP layer performs ciphering and integrity protection RRC layer performs broadcast, paging, connection management, RB control, mobility functions, UE measurement reporting and control NAS layer performs EPS bearer management, authentication, security control Control-piane protocol stack RRC PDP RC. Huawei Confidential Page7Radio Frame Structure (1) Radio Frame Structures Supported by LTE: a Type 1, applicable to FDD a Type 2, applicable to TDD Frequency FDD Radio Frame Structure: 2 LTE applies OFDM technology, with subcarrier spacing Af=15k-4z and 2048- order IFFT. The time unit in frame structure is Ts=1/(2048* 15000) second 2 FDD radio frame is 10ms shown as below, divided into 20 slots which are (0.5ms. One slot consists of 7 consecutive OFDM Symbols under Normal CP configuration ‘One radio frame, T= 3072007," 10 ms #0 #1 ra #8 ag | #19 One subframe FDD Radio Frame Structure Concept of Resource Block: LTE consists of time domain and frequency domain resources. The minimum unit for schedule is RB (Resource Block), which compose of RE (Resource Element) = REhas 2-dimension structure: symbol of time domain and subcarrier of frequency domain One RB consists of 1 slot and 12 consecutive subcarriers under Normal CP configuration HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 8 (ne dow so. OFDM syns isos a| esarce denenRadio Frame Structure (2) TDD Radio Frame Structure: Uplink-downlink Configurations 2 Applies OFDM, same subcarriers spacing and aan ieee oemreieae Subframe number came oft]2;s]4]s]e]7]ale = Similar frame structure with FDD. radio frame is 40ms shown as below, divided into 20 slots 0 Sms ofs[ufufufotsfululu which are 0.5ms, 1 Sms ofs[u[ufofe[slululo = The uplink-downlink configuration of 10ms 2 sms aS AEN LA Rea) | LeNLe frame are shown in the right table. 3 10ms o[s[ufufu[o[ofo[ol[o 4 10 me ofs[u[v[ofefelelolo 5 10 ms ofs[u[o[ofefelelelo ne ea fame, 7;= 3072007, 10 ms 6 Sms ofs[u[v[vle[s[ululo ne asame, 1536007, 5 ms D: Downlink subframe U: Uplink subframe 8 Ones, 153607, sinzor, Subtame 10 subtame#2 | subramess | Subsamet | —subrame #3 Subtames? | —subfames | — Subame #9 Onesubfiame, | 4 B® ae 307207, DwPTS: Downlink Pilot Time Slot * - TDD Radio Frame Structure GP: Guard Petiod DwPTs GP Upbts Dwets GP Ups UpPTS: Uplink Pilot Time Slot HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD Huawei Confidential Page 9 84 HUAWEIMIMO « Downlink MIMO . = MIMO is supported in LTE downlink to achieve spatial 8 multiplexing, including single user mode SU-MIMO and multi user mode MU-MIMO, = Inorder to improve MIMO performance, pre-coding is used in both SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO to controlireduce the interference among spatial 8 multiplexing data flows. = The spatial multiplexing data flows are scheduled to one single user In SU-MIMO, to enhance the transmission rate and spectrum efficiency. In MU- e MIMO, the data flows are scheduled to multi users and the resources are shared within users. Multi user gain can be achieved by user scheduling in the spatial domain, Pre-coding vectors [vse Uplink MIMO Due to UE cost and power consumption, it is difficult to implement the UL multi transmission and relative power supply. Virtual-MIMO, in which multi single antenna UEs are associated to transmit in the MIMO mode. Virtual- MIMO is still under study. ‘Scheduler assigns the same resource to multi users. Each user transmits data by single antenna. System separates the data by the specific MIMO demodulation scheme. MIMO gain and power gain (higher Tx power in the same time-freq resource) can be achieved by Virtual- MIMO. Interference of the multi user data can be controlled by the scheduler, which also bring multi user an vi H Usert User data User? data . Y ” 72 “a User kia Channel Information MuU-MIMO- HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential User2 Channel Information Virtual-MIMO 84 Huawe! Page 10Cell Interference Control ¢ ICIC (Inter-Cell Interference Coordination) = ICICis one solution for the cell interference control, is essentially a schedule strategy. In LTE, some coordination schemes, like SFR (Soft Frequency Reuse) and FFR (Fractional Frequency Reuse) can control the interference in cell edges to enhance the frequency reuse factor and performance in the cell edges. ¢ SFR Solution 2 SFRis one effective solution of inter-cell interference control. The system bandwidth is separated into primary band and secondary band with different transmit power. ‘The primary band is assigned to the users in cell edge. The eNB transmt power of the primary band can be ‘Secondary Band Power Cell 2,4,6 Power callt —— _ Frequeney cell 2.48 Primary Band —S Frequency Cell 1 Privary Band peony Band Total System Laid Power 013,67 The total system bandwidth can be assigned to the users in cell center. The NB transmit power of the secondary band Frequency ‘should be reduced in order to avoid the interference to the primary band of Coll 3,5,7P Primary Band HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD Huawei Confidential Page 11 o4 HUAWEICONTENTS Charter 1 LTE basic principle Charter 2_LTE Roll-out strategy Charter 3 LTE Dimensioning Charter 4 LTE Pre-sale Simulation Charter 5 LTE RNP Solutions AY e. > HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 12, 4 Huawe!Roll-out Strategies + Multi-phases/Step by step, coverage limited, typical cell edge data rate: * Phase I: valued VIP/VIC area, large city, resorts, continuous coverage limited, 300kbps UL * Phase Il: expansion in Phase | area, extend coverage to 2" level cities, 300kbps UL * Later on: expansion in Phase II area, extend coverage to suburban, town and rich rural area, 200bps UL (rural, separate coverage) Recommended: Phase |, Kuwait city and other big cities. Coverage limited, 95%/90% area coverage probability in city/rural, 300kbps/200kbps cell edge data rate per user uplink (MAC) for city/rural. + Spectrum Resource Licensed + FDD/TDD: pairediunpaired, spectrum efficiency, super far cell coverage "Guard band: 2.6GHz LTE, 2.4GHz WiFi/2.5GHz WiMAX, Country border intra- or adjacent interference, Spurious/Inter-modulate/far-near effect, etc. * Expansion Reservation: more spectrum more flexibility in deployment, easy to anti intra-system interference * Frequency Reuse Pattern: 131 SFR, 133, 10/15/20MHz for channel BW Recommended: FDD, 20 or more, 30MHz~70MHz HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 13, we HUAWEIRoll-out Strategies « RF co-site integration solution: = Antenna spatial isolation: interference analysis, guard band = Shared / separate antenna: frequency bands, cost vs performance = Antenna Gain, 2T2R/4T4R, RET/MET/FET: " Tower top mounted RRU: maintenance vs performance, more cables, tower/rooftop/monopole, installation space availability and sustainability * Service operation: = Packet data / VoIP: LTE focuses on packet data services (Web/FTP’...), voice over 2G/3G = Traffic model: HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 14 4 HUAWEIRoll-out Strategies + Multi-in-Multi-out Ant and HARQ: = 2T2R/4TAR: 2.6GHz, 18dBi. 4T4R in v2.0 = IRC/TTI bounding: TTI bounding used for VoIP uplink = SFBC/MCW/Beam Forming: = HARQIR Recommended: 2T2R/4TAR, IRC, SFBC/MCW/BF, HARQ * Terminal Selection: = Cat1~Cat5: Tx power, MCS order, Antenna number and gain, Noise figure = Current market: LTE Data card Recommended: Data card/desktop modem for initial stage, Handset for later on HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 15, 4 HUAWEIData inputs required for this part + Target deployment region area + Target subscriber number in that region + Frequency resource + Required cell edge data rate and coverage probability * Subscriber traffic model assumption + Terminal type planned to sell + eNodeB antenna selection HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO,, LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 16 we HUAWEICONTENTS Charter 1 LTE basic principle Charter 2 LTE Roll-out strategy Charter 3_ LTE Dimensioning Charter 4 LTE Pre-sale Simulation Charter 5 LTE RNP Solutions AY e. > HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 17 84 Huawe!Raw Data Required for Link Budget eles [eNB Max Tx Per Antenna Port (dBm) Mode 7 Duplex’ FDD/TDD ene Antenna Height (m) jc Prefix Ty Norml/Extenston IM DIAA/SU/RI/TIsR _} |JeNB Antenna Gain (dBi) [Channel Model ETU/EVA/HST JeNB Cable Loss (dB) [User Speed (Km/h) han/h 350k ecsaien SUSI omni feNB Noise Figure (dB) [Carrier Frequency (MHz) System Bandwiath (Miz) MIMO Scheme. SEBC/NCH [UE Antenna Height (m) TON [UE Antenna Gain (d81) [UE Location indoor /outdoor ferevaion ss son Ved [Area Coverage probabil 90h 95 [indoor/outdoor Std Dev of Shadow Fadine [Service Type. PS/VoIP [DE Max Tx (dBm) Rate UL/DL [Coverage Area (Km) HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 18 8% Huawe!Traffic Model Framework (Example) uw a Trafic Parameters FPP Session PRP Session Bearer Rate PP Session Bearer Rate Session (ios) | TY | duyrato | SR | (ros) ] THY | DutyRato | AER 50 @ oF m_| 2650 @ of 1% 233 70 r im [6253 70 7 1% e253 | 1800 1 1% [6253 | i800 4 1% 31.26 | 1600 02 [12506 | 1800 04 1% 31.26 | 3600] 005 1m [241 | 3600 | 085 1% D a2 Throughput per Session 10.00% i4 ideo Fore 20.00% oz ideo Conference 20.00% 2 Time Gaming 2.00% 02 ring Media 15.00%, 02 lms Signaling 40.0036 5 b Browsing roocow [os ile Transfer 20.00% 03 10.00% 04 PoP fle sharing 20.00% 02 otal HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 19 = fealence Dinersionha Porane [Peak to Average Ratio ‘Busy Hour Throughput Per oan ae User (tp3) [48H Throughput per User (bps) Penevatin | BAS x EL BH Throughput per User ns) [Number of Launched Subscribers 8% Huawe:LTE Coverage Planning Flow LTE has the same coverage planning flow with traditional wireless technologies i" — 3-Sector Site —---) r---~ OmniSite ~-~-- > 1 i Pot? | Customer Requirement Analysis Link Budget Cell Radius Site Coverage Area Gell coverage radius: R Inter-site distance: D=1.732'R Site cover area = 2.598°R°R Required Site Number = Area needs to cover / Area covered by one site Site Number ii Specific Region HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 20 4 HUAWEILink Budget Procedure [won oe) — Cai = HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 21 we HUAWEILTE Link Budget Model (Downlink) Signal Level in Downlink Slow fading margin eNodeB a Trans Interference margin Margin - Cable Loss |) eNodeB Antenna Gain Loss Path Los: Key Step in ) Antenna Gain Link Paty “ Oss. Ny py Cable Loss Penetration [oss Penetration Loss ea] UE Receive 7 | Body Loss|) f fae ow Sensitivity eNodeB Transmit Power UE Receive Sensitivity HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 22 4 HUAWEILTE Link Budget Model (Uplink) Signal Level in Uplink Other Gain Slow fading margin GE Gain UE Transmit UE Antenna Gain ; Margin pouee Interference margin Le [Loss Body Loss Penetration Loss Penetration Loss eNodeB Cable Loss y eNodeB ‘ ul Antenna Gain —™~ eNodeB Receive Sensitivity eNodeB Receive Sensitivity UE Transmit Power HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 23, 4 HUAWEISystem Parameters Configuration + System Frequency + Duplex Mode = Typical frequency bands from 700MHz to * FDD: Supported since 09Q2 Huawei 2.6GHz are defined in LTE protocols. eRAN 1.0 «= TDD: Supported since 09Q4 Huawei + Channel Bandwidth eRAN 1.1 = Six channel bandwidths are defined in LTE protocols: 1.4M, 3M, 5M, 10M, 15M and 20M Portable UE is considered: USB * Total Tx Gain dongle, PC Card, handset, etc. « Antenna Gain, etc. » Max UE Tx Power is defined as 23dBm (200mVWV) in LTE protocol. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 26 8 HUAWEIAntenna & Feeder Parameters + Antenna Parameters Antenna Default Values in RNP Tool = Gain & height: Choose proper antenna gain and height for specific frequency, morphology and coverage requirement. = Beamwidth: related with sectorization. Dense Urban 30m Select horizon beamwidth of 65 degree aoa oo t806i 30m tam i ‘Suburban 35m for 3-sector scenario. Rural 36m + Feeder Parameters Feeder Default Values in RNP Tool LDF | 4/2" | 4.749 6.009 6.456 | 6.855 | 9.744 10.058 10.666 | 10.961 11.535 1209 14.401 | 18.01 ALS | 7/8" | 2.703 3421 3676 | 3903 | 5.551 573 | 6077 | 6246 6573 689 821 | 10.273 Lops | 5/4" | 1.784 2285 2.465 | 2627 | 3.825 3.958 4.216 | 4342 4588 6 4.828 / 1 ALT | 13/8" | 1.599 | 2037 2493 | 2333 336 | 3472 | 3692 3.798 | 4.006 4.208 / t HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO,, LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 27 8% Huawe!Min Required Rx Signal Strength Calculation Min Required Rx Signal Strength = Rx Sensitivity - Total Rx Gain + Total Rx Loss + Rx Sensitivity In the allocated resource bandwidth and without any external noise or interference, the required minimum received signal level to fulfill the service quality requirement. = Rx Sensitivity Composited is considered in LTE link budget ;ackground Noise Density + 10 x Ig(Subcarrier Spacing) + Noise Figure + Demodulation “Threshold -~ . 7 Noise Figure Background Noise Density: -174dBm/Hz Subcarrier spacing: 15000Hz ; Demodulation threshold : eNB NF (dB) 23 2 | 23 | 25 45 45 UE NF (dB) 7 simulation HUAWEI! TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 28 ee HUAWEIService Rate vs. MCS vs. RB Number * Relationship in Downlink Service _ Rate +CRC = (168-36 -12)* (Code _ bits * Code _rate)* Nyy *C 2, AntennaMode = 2T2R_MCW I, AntennaMode # 2T2R_MCW + Relationship in Uplink Service_ Rate+ CRC = (168-24) * (Code _bits* Code_rate)* Np» where,C = { Notes: Example of Service Rate Related Parameters =MCS = code bits * code rate *Service_rate is the transmission rate after Layer2 = . =— = process but without adding CRC uw 2 eskee os "In RNP tool, inputing two of these 3 parameters will zee 2 QPSK 0.24 0.49 determine the demodulation threshold, and finally 512 8 QPSK 0.23 0.47 impact the cell radius. 512 10 QPSK 0.22 0.45 DL | 1024 10 aPsk 0.44 087 2048 20 PSK 0.43 0.86 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 29, 84 HUAWEIOther Gains & Losses Hard Handoff Gain = Due to orthogonal subcarriers in OFDM system, only hard handoff is support in LTE. = Hard handoff can lower the Rx signal strength requirement and intermit probability at cell edge, which can bring a gain of 4 to 8dB for coverage. In link budget, 2dB is the typical value. + MIMO Gain Modulation = Huawei eRAN products support: o UL: 1T2R, 2T2R-MCW (V-MIMO) o DL: 1T2R, 2T2R-SFBC, 2T2R-MCW HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. {Resour Mapper Huawei Confidential + IRC Gain: = 1dB + AMC+HARQ Gain = 1.5~3dB * VoIP TTI Bundling Gain = 4dB (Only for UL) MIMO/IRC/AMC+HAR Q/TTI Bundling Gains are aggregated in the demodulation Page 30 8% Huawe!Other Gains & Losses + Shadow Fading Margin * _ Wireless signal is obstructed and attenuated by buildings and other objects in the propagation path, so-called shadow Fading of Slow Fading Effect. = Reserving a margin in the link budget to conquer this fading impact. Shadow Fading Margin = NORMSINV( Edge Coverage Probability ) x Standard Deviation of Shadow Fading = Coverage Probability ‘Cumulate normal probably sistibtion a Area Coverage Probability: Percentage of the area 100% where Rx signal is higher than Rx threshold tototal area Sx of coverage. ae a Edge Coverage Probability: Percentage of test times ce that Rx signal is higher than acceptant level to total test oi times at goverage edge. 10% 75 o 225-246-1050 05 1 15 2 25 3 Deviation from m 99.6450 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 31 4 HUAWEIOther Gains & Losses « Standard Deviation of Shadow Fading a Different values in different morphologies. Typical values are considered in the link budget. + Penetration Loss = Signal strength attenuation due to penetrating through building walls, vehicle, boat hull, etc. Default Values in RNP Tool Dense Urban 95% WT 40 20 20 18 Urban 95% o4 & 16 16 14 ‘Suburban 90% 72 € 12 12 10 Rural 90% 62 € 8 8 7 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 32Propagation Model 1. Frequency: 150MHz to 1500MHz 2. Cell radius: 1km to 20km See 3. BS antenna height: 30m to 200m i 4. Terminal antenna height: 1m to 10m Okumura-Hata (Huawei) Modification of Okumura-Hata (C,,) Yes 1. Frequency: 1500MHz to 2000MHz 2. Cell radius: 1km to 20km eae 3. BS antenna height: 30m to 200m ee 4. Terminal antenna height: 1m to 10m Cost231-Hata (Huawei) Modification of Cost231-Hata (C,,) Yes SPM Confirm model parameters by model tuning Yes 1. Used for urban or suburban scenario 2. Frequency: 900MHz to 2000MHz SGPE Model 3. BS antenna height: 35m ves HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES C6. Same with Okuansacblateinaural scenario ra 33 oe HUAWEICapacity Planning Flow — irement Analysi ty L ft - per Site numer of Sites HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential + Traffic Model Analysis/Requirement Analysis: + Specific customer requirements, e.g. Target users number, BHSA, user BH active ratio, PPP session time, service data rate, overbooking, etc. + Throughput per User: * Can be calculated by traffic model and assumptions. + Network Throughput: » Network total throughput requirement, equals to Throughput per User * Num of BH Users + Configuration Analysis: * Frequency reused mode, Bandwidth, carrier configurations, MIMO configurations etc. + Capacity per Site: + single site capacity calculated from system simulation after configuration analysis + Number of sites: + Equals to Network Throughput / Capacity per Site Page 34Traffic Model (Example) HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 35 VoIP 14 | 269 80 04 1% 0.34 26.9 80 04 1% 0.34 Video Phone | 0.2 | 62.52 70 1 1% 0.25 62.52 70 1 1% 0.25 wide’ 02 | 6252 | 1800 1 1% 6.32 6252 | 1800 1 1% 6.32 conference Real Time Gaming 02 | 31.26 | 1800 02 1% 0.63 125.05 | 1800 04 1% 5.05 Streaming e nea 02 | 31.26 | 1200 0.08 1% o4 250.11 | 1200 0.95 1% 16.00 IMs Signaling | 5 | 15.63, 7 02 1% 0.03 15.63 7 02 1% 0.03 WebBrowsing 06 | 62.52 | 1800 0.05 1% 0.95 250.11 | 1800 0.05 1% 3.79 File Transfer | 0.3 | 14068 600 1 1% 7A 750.33 | 600 1 1% 37.90 Email 04 | 14068 | 50 05 1% 0.39 750.33 16 03 1% 0.38 P2p erasing 02 1% 673Cell Avg. Throughput Baseline Assumptions: + Standard hexagon cellular structure + 19 Sites, 3 cells per site + ISD 500m in Dense Urban and aed 9431198 Urban scenarios; ISD 1700m in ‘Suburban and Rural scenarios Urban 34.3/19.8 + Frequency reuse: 1x3x1 + DL 2X2 CL Switch ‘SubUrban 26.3/14.0 (rank ‘/rank2), UL 1x2 IRC Rural 26.3/14.0 + SFR 1X3 introduces ICIC scheme + Lack of spectrum rescurce; | + UL: enhance cell edge rate about 10%, based on traditional 1x31 + High requirement of cell but cell throughput degrade about 5% + Improves the cell edge user edge user experiences. + DL: enhance cell edge rate about 20%, throughput with the cost of cell but cell throughput degrade about 10% throughput HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 36 84 HUAWEICONTENTS Charter 1 LTE basic principle Charter 2 LTE Roll-out strategy Charter 3 LTE Dimensioning Charter 4_LTE Pre-sale Simulation Charter 5 LTE RNP Solutions AY e. - HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 37 6 HUAWe:Pre-sale Simulation + RF engineering parameters of existing 2G/3G for co-site roll out: * Site location: longitude/latitude = Sector antenna height: antenna height available for LTE roll-out (space/isolation/sustainability of tower/roof) = Antenna: pattern file, gain, 2T2R/4T4R + Terminal Selection: = Cat1~Cat5: Tx power, MCS order, Antenna number and gain, Noise figure = Current market: LTE Data card, desktop modem * 3D digital map for target region: + Propagation model for target band and region: Notes: In simulation, coverage prediction is recommended. Monte-Carlo is not of first priority. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 38 8% HUawe!CONTENTS Charter 1 LTE basic principle Charter 2 LTE Roll-out strategy Charter 3 LTE Dimensioning Charter 4 LTE Pre-sale Simulation Charter 5 LTE RNP Solutions AY e. > HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 39 4 HUAWe:RND: LTE Dimensioning Tool RND tool is Supporting: Network dimensioning in different design types for different application scenarios Independent calculation or inheriting of calculation results among modules Network dimensioning in multiple cities and networking scenarios simultaneously Importing/exporting parameters and calculation results, and importing the parameters and calculation results into the RNP output template. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 40 8 HUAWEIU-Net: Professional LTE RNP Tool e What is U-Net? e U-Net is the professional LTE simulation tool developed by Huawei. e U-Net is based on the abundant global RNP experiences. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD Huawei Confidential Page 41 4 HUAWEIU-Net: Powerful and Saving e What can U-Net do? Function: « Network modeling: » GIS » Antenna model » Network element management «= Service mode! management «Propagation model tuning & mngt. * Coverage Prediction: « Path loss calculation = Polygon operation = Coverage plot generation « Point analysis «= Monte Carlo simulation + LTE Specific Planning: * PCI planning « Neighbor list planning «Frequency planning Benefit: + Accurate prediction + Easy operation and friendly interface + Saving HR cost due to higher planning efficiency. + Lower technical level requirement by Professional functions HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 42 84 Huawe!Huawei LTE Enhancement Features Us} Enhancement Feature oe Receive diversity 4 receiving antennas Advanced scheduling Frequency domain packet schedule Power Convergence 4 TTIs Bundling DBS flexibility RRU installed near the antenna ander UL UL& HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. aoe erel Im Fer 1~5dB 2.5dB 1~3dB 1.5~3dB cell radius increase The more serious interference condition, the more obvious the IRC gain will be. 3dB in theory. Considered the co-relate between real antenna, 2.5dB is the practical gain. 2~3dB gain when cell edge user throughput = 500Kbps, 1~2dB gain when cell edge user throughput = 1Mbps Bundle several TTIs together for a single VoIP. packet transmission. Power convergence. Rooftop site, typical cable loss for BTS is 3dB, for RRU is 0.5dB (jumper loss). Assume there is no TMA. sites quantity reduction Huawei Confidential Page 43 oe HUAWEIAvoid Interference Co-site solution is recommended by Huawei Co-site Scenario: Non Co-site Scenario: + Avoid far-near effect, less + Adjacent frequency interference interference will be much higher (Guard band Requirement for Co-existing Systems (MHz) System Standards reer CU Rc Ce ee or ee protocol LTE+GSM Huawei Product protocol protocol protocol LTE + UMTS: Latest MSR protocol protocol Huawei Product LTE +CDMA Huawei Product | Huawei Product 0 LTE Band X + LTE Band Y protocol protocol Depends LTE FDD + LTE TDD protocol Depends LTE TDD 2.36 + TD-SCDMA 2.36 protocol 0 eM mV \ cm aval MK HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 44 4 HUAWEISeparate Antenna/Feeder Analysis Advantage: @ Individual network planning for LTE: = No additional feeder and connector loss for LTE; « No negative impact to 2G/3G network. # Convenience and accuracy network optimization for LTE: « Individual antenna adjustment Disadvantage: % Require more tower installation space; ® Require higher tower load. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei ConfidentialTypical Co-antenna/feeder Solutions 4 ports antenna RRU inst. near antenna 4 ports antenna 2 ports antenna Co-feeder Co-feeder Additional loss by co-feeder will: Cell radius site quantity « Reduce + Increase PA -el ar aml edie Ol HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. + Select the Co-antenna/feeder solution based on the real situation + Need to evaluate and balance the benefits and risks of the solution Huawei Confidential Page 46 4 HuAwe:Reuse and Upgrade Legacy DAS Challenges Solution + Next Stage: DL ai multi antenna DA HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential Page 47 84 HUAWEIThank You www.huawei.com