1 Restricted incians from leaving thelr reserve
without permission from an indian agent
without a pass signed by an LD oficial The dangers
‘of eomplcatons wih white men wil this be lessened
and by preserving 2 knowledge of individual move>
‘ments any inclination to petty depredations may be
checked by the fcty of apprehending those who
‘commit such ofences.
AYTER REED, Asie! indlon Commision 885°
‘The Red River Rebellion 28
‘means of allying the settler? fears and inhibiting the |
bility of Indians to congregate. Despite the ack fa egal
buss for restricting the movement of Indian, the prime
‘minister readily endorsed the concept ofa pass system
‘when itwas brought this tention. Notices were posted
fon Treaty 6 reserves warning all Indians against leaving
heir eserves
‘it was never written into the Jndlan Act and
the prime minister ackaowledged thatthe legal bility
to enforce
of Indians “in some cases, rations and other ‘privileges
‘were withheld from those wi refused to comply with
‘ats regulations, but the most elective approach was to
have the police ares thote fund ofthe reserve with
out passes and, where possible, prosecute them ether for
| wespss under the Indian Act o for vagrancy under the
5) criinal code
‘A permit to pass included the time an individual was
allowed to be off reserve, the purpose of the time away,
and whether or not the individual was allowed to carry
4 gun, Indian agents knew well the attitudes and char
"The pass sytem wa initially
‘sed to control thote who had participated in the Red
River Rebelion but later expanded to apply toa Indians,
although history suggests the permit to-pase system was
primarily administered inthe Prairies.
In order to obtain a permit to pass, Indians would
oceasionally have to travel many daye by fot tothe Indian
agen’ house, not knowing if he would be there when
‘they arived. IF the agent was away, they would either
bave to camp and wait, or return home, The pass system
‘was iso a means of maintaining a separation between
Indians and the European farmers, which sem logical
consiering the government’ gol of assimilation its
hard to achieve assimilation ifthe target population is
Isolated on reserves. The pass sytem restricted Indians?
{acc to local towns in order to prevent Indian farmers
from wasting thei time when they should be tending
heir crops, which they wee restricted fom selling. The
pass stem additionally supported the government'srural practices.
‘Beginning in 1889, parents required pases to vist
‘tions offaiies and many communities. Other policies
‘were harh but could be worked around. The goverament
banned the potatch, so practitioners went underground
to contrue to hold ceremonies; the government pushed
pline, which frequently was in the form of beating and
‘whipping, nthe schoals, and discipline was arbitrary and