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    © All Rights Reserved
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    10 views8 pages

    Heat Transfer

    Uploaded by

    Yoni Ramirez Robles
    exam2

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 8
    Student ID ‘THERMAL/FLUID SYSTEM DOCTORAL QUALIFYING EXAMINATION HEAT TRANSFER 21 JANUARY 2003 READ THE FOLLOWING CAREFULLY BEFORE STARTING 1 ‘This is « 3 % hour closed book exam. No extemal reference material i allowed, ‘other than provided withthe exam, You will be graded on a total of five problems. Seven problems are presented to you. ‘= You must work Problem 1 and Problem 2 + You may work any three ofthe remaining five problems ‘Tum in solutions for only 5 problems. Inthe event you tum in more than S problems, the extra problems that ae at the end ofthe package of exam papers ‘you tur in will be removed, In addition to correctness, your answers will be judged for maturity and ‘completeness. * Show clearly any assumptions you make in order to complete a problem solution, Start each problem on a new sheet of pape. ‘Write on only one side ofthe paper Put the lst four digit oF your student ID on each page, ‘+ Put the exam in order before turing it in All notes and scratch paper associated withthe exam must be turned in Student ID Problem 1 (Required) Fluid enters a circular tube ata specified velocity and eventually obtains a thermally fully-developed ow condition. The Reynolds number ofthe low is Re = 100,000, and the fluid Prangu number isPr = 0.7. The thermal boundary condition over the entire length of the pipe is constant wal temperature, The circular pipe has a diameter D and a length L. 8) Define the criterion for testing whether the fluid is in a thermally fully-developed slate, and describe what experimental information would be required to prove thatthe flow is thermally fally developed, b) Ifthe thermal boundary condition is changed to that of constant wall heat fux, ‘would the fully developed Nusselt number change, and if. by how much (what percentage)? ©) __ Ifthe pipe were changed toa square duct with the same velocity, size (D x D), and Pr, would the Nusselt namber go up stay the same, or be reduced, On what facts) ‘do you base your answer? 44) Consider now that the Prantl number may be changed, but the velocity, diameter and Reynolds number remain the same as forthe eriginal cieular tube. Sketch a plot of heat transfer coefficient (i) versus x/D for Prandtl numbers of 0.01, 0.7, and 100, Identify these sequentially as dl, d2, and d3, "Now assume the Reynolds number is reduced by a facor of 100. On the same plot, sketch the heat transfer coeicient(h) versus 2/D for Prandil numbers oF 0.01, 0.7, ‘and 100. Identify these sequentially as d4, dS, and d6, You will have a total of6 lines on the one plot, ©) _Anengineer recommends changing the original design such that the diameter D is reduced by a factor of 10, but there willbe 10 such tubes in parallel to keep the same tube surface area. The velocity remains the same and as a result, the Re will be substantially reduced. Is this design change appropriate from a total heat transfer point of view? Explain your reasoning, using equations and principles as appropriate, Student ID Problem 2 (Required) ‘A long flat electrical conducting bus of very lange eross section is sandwiched between {wo insulators. Power is dissipated uniformly within the bus as a function of time, the ‘volumetric heating rate inthe bus being S"(c). The insulators ae cooled on their periphery by a convective flow. The bus has density py, thermal conductivity k, specific heat capacity cy, and thickness W. Each layer of the insulating material has density p, thermal conductivity k, specific heat eapacity e, and thickness L. At the intial time, all the elements are atthe ambient temperature, T. Please answer the following questions about this system. Bus x A,T, insulator 8) Write the equations and boundary conditions that gover the evolution ofthe {temperature in this system including the bus and the insulator. by Discuss the validity and approximations that would be required to get a globally valid solution with a lumped temperature bus and spatially varying temperature in the insulator layers. ) Ifthe heater is turned on at time t= 0 and the heating rate remains constant for t> 0, sketch the temperature distribution in bth the insulator and the bus after the heater has been tured on for a short time and for a very longtime. Do not assume lumped {temperature inthe bus. Identify these two cases sequentially as cl and ¢2. 4) Aer the heater has been turned on with a constant heating rate fora very long time, it is suddenly tured off. In the same plot that you make fore), sketch the temperature 4istribution inthe bus and in the insulator when the average bus temperature cools down {0 90% of ts highest value, and when the average bus temperature reaches 10% ofits highest value. Identify these two cases sequentially as dl and 02. Student ID Problem 3 (Optional) ] veeseechotamececeretiyszemcemtins ee syste tichicenh ete) iu ota hac (1) Ifplate A is maintained at 100 C by some active heating or cooling device, what ar: ‘2. the heater power (Wats) required for plate B? '. the heating requirement oF cooling requirement (Watts) for Pate A ? (2) Now assume the room has air at atmospheric pressure and 25 C, and plate Ais not actively heater or cooled. Explain in detail with appropriate equations, assumptions and discussion (but do not actually calculate) how you would determine: ‘2. the heater power required for plate B 1 the temperature of plate A. 0. Q lect Healer Insulation 02m Large Room at 25 C 6 Student 1D Problem 4 (Optional) ‘A thin rod of length L has its two ends connected fo two walls which aze maintained at temperatures T; and T;, respectively. The cross section ofthe rod is constant, of area Ac and perimeter P and the thermal conductivity of the rod is denoted by k. An electrical hncating clement is placed in the rod so that heat is yencrated wniformly slong the length at ‘rate g per unit volume. The rod loses heat to the air at T. through « heat transfer coefficient, h. Derive expressions for (a) the temperature distribution along the rod, (b) the heat lost by the rod tothe air. Student ID Problem 5 (Optional) ‘Consider a lightly loaded journal bearing using oil having the constant properties: viscosity = 107 ky/sm; thermal conductivity £= 0.15 Wim-K. 1) Make suitable assumptions snd derive following expression for theo temperature 19) = T+ Hu] 2 (2) ery —7) here Tp is the bearing temperature, 7s the joural temperature, Ui the tangential velocity of the journal and L is the bearing-journal gap dimension. Note that L<

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