RICE DISEASES

CENON B. MALLILLIN
DA-RCPC RFU 02
 FUNGAL DISEASES
BLAST
Where to find:

On leaves (leaf blast)

Symptoms: small to spindle-shaped spots

with brown border and gray center; spots join
resulting in drying and death of leaves
Susceptible stage: seeding to tillering

On nodes of tillering (node blast)

Symptoms: black, rotten node that later
breaks
Susceptible stage: tillering
 On base of panicle (panicle blast)
Symptoms: black node panicle and later breaks;
unfilled panicle

Susceptible stage: booting to heading

On seeds (usually found at the basal portion of

the grain); has very low seed transmission rate
Symptoms: sterile lemma and a rachilla
discolored with fungal growth

Susceptible stage: maturity

SHEATH BLIGHT
 SYMPTOMS

▪ Spots on leaf sheath are

ellipsoid or ovoid & greenish
gray
▪ Center of spots become grayish
with brown margin
▪ Spots are observed near the
water line in the field
BROWN SPOT
SYMPTOMS

▪ Spots on leaves are oval,

uniform & evenly distributed over
leaf surface
▪ Fully developed spots have
brown or whitish centers
Where to find:

On leaves
Leaves (common in plants in the shaded area, in
potash deficient and saline fields)

Symptoms: small, circular. Oval spots fairly scattered

on the leaves with gray center.

Susceptible stage: tillering

On grains
Fungus enters the glumes and infects the seed

Symptoms: black spots on glumes and covered

with dark brown velvety mat of fungal spores;
seeds become discolored and shriveled

Susceptible stage: maturity

MANAGEMENT

▪ CULTURAL METHODS

- Potassium application
- good water management (maintain 2-5 cm.
water level depending on GSP)
STEM ROT
SYMPTOMS Initial symptoms are small, irregular
black lesions on the outer leaf sheath
near water level
Lesions expand as the disease
advances
Infected stem rots
Visible numerous tiny white and black
sclerotia and mycelium inside the
infected culms
Infected culm lodges and caused
unfilled panicles and chalky grain
Severe infection causes tiller death
The disease aggravates the plants to
lodge
SHEATH ROT
SYMPTOMS Infection occurs on the uppermost
leaf sheath enclosing the young panicles
at late booting stage

Initial symptoms are oblong or

somewhat irregular spots or lesions,
0.5-1.5 cm long, with dark reddish brown
margins and gray center

Lesions may also consist of diffuse

reddish brown discoloration in the
sheath

Lesions enlarge and often coalesce and

may cover the entire leaf sheath
On grains

Symptoms: brown discoloration, chaffy, and covered

with white to light pink fungal growth

Susceptible stage: maturity (the pathogen can

survive for 10 months on seeds while on storage)
 BACTERIAL DISEASES
BACTERIAL BLIGHT
 SYMPTOMS
▪ Leaves or entire plant becomes
water soaked, folded up and
rolled along the midrib at
seedling stage (KRESEK)
▪Pale yellow develops on
infected leaves
▪White to yellow lesions appear
on leaves of mature plant
(LEAF BLIGHT)
▪Milky or opaque dewdrops on
young lesions in the early
morning
Where to find:

Kresek
Usually found in seedbed and newly planted
seedlings

Symptoms: tiny water-soaked spots on lower

leaves; spots enlarged, turn yellow and
dry rapidly; seedling wilts

Susceptible stage: seedling

On leaf (leaf blight)
Leaves (presence of opaque dew drops on the
surface of lesions in the morning)

Symptoms: water-soaked stirpes that later cover a

large area of leaf blade; lesions are
grayish white with wavy light brown
margin

Susceptible stage: reproductive to maturity

BACTERIAL LEAF STREAK
SYMPTOMS
▪initial symptoms are dark-green and water-
soaked streaks on interveins from tillering to
booting stage
▪streaks later enlarge to become yellowish
gray and translucent
▪bacterial exudates on surface of lesions
▪lesions turn brown to grayish white then dry
▪browning and drying of entire leaves
 MANAGEMENT
❖The disease can be manage by proper application of
fertilizers and proper planting spacing, the use of
resistant varieties.

❖Practicing field sanitation is important. Ratoons,

straws and volunteer seedlings left after harvest can be
destroyed to minimize the initial inoculum at the
beginning of the season. Providing good drainage
system especially in seedbeds can also manage this
disease.
❖ Antibac ( 3 packs/ knapsak )
 VIRAL DISEASES
TUNGRO
 DISTINCTIVE SYMPTOMS

1. matured leaves
are yellow to
orange yellow,
spiraling upward
 DISTINCTIVE SYMPTOMS
2. Young leaves are mottled with pale green to
whitish spots
3. Stunted, Collar of leaves at the same height or
younger at lower height
 DISTINCTIVE SYMPTOMS

4. Infected plants are sporadic

VECTOR

Green leaf hoppers

Zigzag leaf hoppers

- Transmit virus particles through

their
mouth parts (proboscis)
Zigzag leaf hopper Green Leaf Hopper
 TRANSMISSION CYCLE
Acquisition feeding
(5 min)
diseased

eggs

molting
inoculation feeding
(7 min), 1 – 2 plants

incubation
(7-9 days)
healthy
➢infected rice stubbles, volunteer rice
plants and weeds as alternate host;
(eleusine, leptochloa, echinochloa) of Green
leaf hoppers

Leptochloa
(waliswalis)
➢Echinochloa (Marapagay)
➢ Eleusine (gagabutin)
GRASSY STUNT
Local name: burit (tagalog)

GRASSY STUNT
 SYMPTOMS
▪stunting
▪excessive tillering
▪very upright growth habit
▪grassy and rosette appearance
▪leaves short, narrow, and yellowish
green with numerous
▪small rusty spots or patches, which
form blotches
▪infected plants usually survive until maturity,
but produce no panicles
▪the symptom develops 10-20 days after
infection
RAGGED STUNT
HAVE A RICE
DAY!!!