Melissa trish M Rodelas Gua Horizontal Curves - are curves in her;zontal plane that connec! two tangent sections Types oF Horizontal Curves 1 Simple curve 2a Compound Curve 3. Reverse Curve 4, SPiral Curve O \ eee Scanned with CamScannerHorizontal Curve \ A simple curve has a centyal Angie OF 3% degrees ond O degree oF (urve of 5 degrees. Find tre Following Ga. The external Distonce. We vmiddie ordinate . © AF AW slotonmn OF wre PC Ag at "025 Cornpue tre stthoning fa fomt onthe Cirve which wlersects WH the tine makin 4 deflection onge OF © degre eS with ¥ , , We Po re soyent posarg teough A) R= IMS. 31L b) M2 RCi- cos%) R se au Ms 224.184 (1-cos 4) 5 Me 12486 mm RE 224. 1g Sey ue ae &= (G1) Bp Kee bn step Taatees) a Be 248 36g oe le 213 2cnnn | 2 E = 13. 26uyn| LA= 48m Sta.n = C\t025), (oto) eee) Scanned with CamScannerReverse Curve The perprdiulor distance between 4wo Porallel lorgenis of ihe veverte curve 1s 30 Me A2zimu: \S 270 degrees ond the common jangent dus OF the Fired curve 20d wurve Nh of ahe back dongent 's 30° degrees . if tre S175 M. Derermre ake vadiuc OF dre $n30° =_3O S\z 300% 270? sat TWTz, 2 1s = 30) ae x Tite = 92 5 1 & n(25) Endo Ze» 32) B) Qrg rset) Tite = 6Om Lae , S41m Taz GO - 46.841 Tze 13,1\094m Scanned with CamScannerVeiume of Earthwork \. End prea ve (AIERD LE Zz 2. Prismeda\ Formula : Ve. =E(Prt4 Amt M2) é Pm = Orea of «mg-section 3 Volure with Prisrodal Correction 2 R— VAAN] UN 1 ! lft { ie / re\ cz / Crp eae ene — veVe- Ver Ve = voure pyeid Area Vep = Prismedal Correction ven? & (c-C2)(0,-0: ) st Scanned with CamScannerEarthworks Derive the prismodal formula For a triangular end areas using the prismoidal Formula \p + (Ai t4arnt Az) Ve = prismoidal Correction Ve = Ve - Vp Ve = (AitAz) | = (ait Hn Pa) Zz 6 Vos (3ayt Bre - Pi -4Am = PDE (Sai cae ae G& Ve 2 2A Pa 20m Ve G | 3 ”n Let us Consider fhe triangular prsmordal show! Pan = been 2 on . Vee LDH 2Bmbm mn} 2 vex Ef Op. Rote a Ay = Baha bm: bite a Fa hes ithe 2 Scanned with CamScanner[pe-! _ ey Crt maine | Verb ene 2 bah 7 tS[BB i bath. Bim. oaks, a] Va = sf Boron “ham vat | = © [orCn.-ms)= ben, he) ves (b1- 2m) Cprismadal correction ty be slowed Algetrarcally Froe the Volume, Dy era Area Method Derive the Prismoidal Formula For dekecomonrg volumes OF fond ve2-(Piidam 1A2) Soution Ve oP? bp om Vz ha, - hi? Pr aa She Vena, - nA, aa 3h,> = Blo) on - Cran) ve a hn (he-h, Ln? baht) aa 2 (P)12Pim~ Bt. Beary, Y= = (oat Haiti) Pen aie dy. 2 [2A Pm. Be yr2a, ver ind ie mt, 2A 3 thi m2 nm yy CULL EELS ‘nen ers je ») vz 2an( 2) tn am Pun | Prismordad Formalin Set 3S PR, dems Pipa 2 fap | ve B (Ao + Ih + Ar) DIPP2 =P — 0) = aa, Frustum of a pyrumY JPiP2 = 2Am ~ BL. Ax 2 2 Scanned with CamScannerSample Proaems of on Earthworks For a proposed Given Ine Fottowng section “ 2 ; se, The widin road consiruchon on a Mily perhon of tre rout tne road bate For Wt Is Gm. For allowance OF dromage, Carols Ond Sn. For FN). Sides Slopes For cut is II and For Fi) 16 Vs] 31 x a o= 0g 41e O. Compre tre value of x ©. Compute the orca wy FIN C. Compule the orca m Cut Q. Value OF x Xe 341d 0. Area of FN) Area of eur z 2.5(0'8) z Area OF Fill < |.om® C. Area of cut Frea of cut = 20-8) 2 Scanned with CamScannerTre following dara ore tre Cregg Sechon noles ab sluhon at 0+ O20 aw Ot HO. We vatura) ground Slope 15 almost even Boe wiih Side Slope curs am cure V1 Fu 3m Fm 2 S21 Stotion 04 020 +3.0 rig D as ~~ ° Staton ab OF oy ou “ re \ Campure tre area of fection of 020 2 Compre the areg of chon a 01040 3. Compule Ine vetume OF Correw or wUsie From Stahon OF 020 a OF OuO Osourning shrinkage Tuckor OF 1.20 \. Arca OF Kechon OF020 2. Area of se jon Oy040 ° ZL A=(3axgs) [Fedo 25 mm Gur) 2 = 20.25 m* (cut ——_2_—___ met (RE 2g? (Fm) 3. Volume ©F borvew or woste 1s Vol of (ut = (Riba DE 2o-> Zz - vol. opcul = (20.2510) @) 2 Volume F wh = 121.6 m3 * * Fo-x re oF Fu = 20) x2 30-15% eee 20) 2S, +30 VO! of Ful= Ciro MewKrev) xe tn Vol ef en = 2 2o-x =g = 144 m> Vol. & wait © Vou of wate = 60.o@m> Scanned with CamScanner