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Q3. What is depreciation?

Depreciation is the process of deducting the total cost of something expensive you bought for
your business. But instead of doing it all in one tax year, you write off parts of it over time.
When you depreciate assets, you can plan how much money is written off each year, giving
you more control over your finances.

The number of years over which you depreciate something is determined by its useful life (e.g., a
laptop is useful for about five years).

Q4. Describe the difference between Tax and Economic Depreciation.


Economic depreciation is a measure of the decrease in the market value of an asset over time from
influential economic factors. This form of depreciation usually pertains to real estate, which can lose
value for several reasons such as the addition of unfavorable construction in close proximity to a
property, road closures, a decline in the quality of a neighborhood, or other negative influences.
Tax depreciation is the depreciation that can be listed as an expense on a tax return for a given
reporting period under the applicable tax laws. It is used to reduce the amount of taxable income
reported by a business

Q5. Why is calculating depreciation important?


Companies use depreciation to report asset use to stakeholders. Deprecation also reduces
the historical value of assets. Stakeholders can review this information and know when to
expect replacement assets purchased by a company. For example, a company with
production equipment will often replace these items at some time during its operations.
When accumulated depreciation nears the asset’s historical cost, a replacement purchase
may be coming up soon.
Tax benefits are also possible with depreciation. Although depreciation represents a non-
cash expense on the income statement, it does reduce a company’s net income. Lower net
income will incur a smaller tax liability. To maximize this benefit, companies will often use
an accelerated depreciation method. The Internal Revenue Service provides companies
with an accelerated depreciation method for different asset classes. This allows for more
depreciation early on with assets and lower initial tax liabilities.

Q6. What is the difference between book value and market value?

 Book value is the total value of a business' assets found on its balance sheet, and
represents the value of all assets if liquidated.
 Market value is the worth of a company based on the total value of its outstanding
shares in the market, or its market capitalization.
 Market value tends to be greater than a company's book value, since market value
captures non-tangibles as well as future growth prospects.

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