Philippine Normal University

College of Teacher Development

Faculty of Education Sciences
Manila

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS

IN EDUCATION 4: PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN SCIENCE:

THE DIGESTIVE PROCESS

PREPARED BY:

BAMBICO, ROSE ANN

BATHAN, WARREN JAY
DELOS REYES, MARIA LAURA

CTP 2015
 I. OBJECTIVES

A. At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. List down the parts and their functions in the digestive process
2. Locate the parts of the digestive system
3. Enumerate the importance of the digestive system

II. PRELIMINARIES

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

GREETING
“Good morning class.” “Good morning teachers!”

PRAYER
“Okay class. Mr./Ms.___, please lead
“Classmates are you ready to pray?”
us in prayer.” “Yes we are.”
“Lord, we thank You for this day that you have given. Please
help us understand our lessons and guide us in everything
we do. Thank You once again, Lord. In Jesus name we pray,
Amen.”

MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY

Food Roulette (Game of Food) Students will be divided into 5 groups – They will count
from 1-5 then they will be group according to the number
assigned to them. They will be arranged like in this
diagram:

BLACK BOARD

Group 1 Group 5

Group 2 Group 4

Group 3
Mechanics: One Student will read the Mechanics:

1. Groupings
2. The Teacher will say a Food Word and Group 1 will
say another food from the last letter of the food
given by the Teacher, Then Group 2 will say
another Food from the Last letter of the food given
by Group 1; Group 3 from Group 2; Group 4 from
Group 3; Group 5 from Group 4. (End)
3. Another Set will start - same sequence as No. 2. It
will be 3 sets.

Rules: One student will read the Rules:

1. Each Group will be given 3 seconds to answer.

2. Brand Name is not allowed but Proper noun will.
3. Beverage is allowed.
4. After Group 5, Teacher will begin another set.
5. The team/s who get/s the highest score will be the
winner.
6. There will be three teachers who will be the time
keeper and will help facilitate the game.
7. Price will be given to a winner/s.

Trial:
Teacher will say … “Fried Chicken”
Group 1 will say “Nuggets”.
Group 2 will say “Soup”.
Group 3 will say “Popcorn”.
Group 4 will say “Nuts”.
Group 5 will say “Suha”.

Round 1.
I was doing house chores and I think Group 1 will answer “_________”.
of … “Jackfruit”. Group 2 will answer “_________”.
Group 3 will answer “_________”.
Group 4 will answer “_________”.
Group 5 will answer “_________”.

Round 2. Group 1 will answer “_________”.

I went to Mall, while driving I am Group 2 will answer “_________”.
thinking of … “Seafood Marinara” Group 3 will answer “_________”.
for lunch. Group 4 will answer “_________”.
Group 5 will answer “_________”.

Round 3. Group 1 will answer “_________”.

I got hungry while Shopping and I Group 2 will answer “_________”.
am thinking of … “Ice cream” for Group 3 will answer “_________”.
merienda. Group 4 will answer “_________”.
Group 5 will answer “_________”.

Yes, we are!
Are you Hungry now?

In a little while it will be lunch

already.

III. LESSON PROPER

TEACHER ACTIVITY STUDENT ACTIVITY

PUZZLE
Thank you. Tr. Warren. Okay class.
Don’t return to your seats just yet.
Let’s do another activity. Here are 5
envelopes.
Choose one representative of your
group and proceed in front. (5 Students approaches in front)

Choose one envelope. Then proceed

to your respective groups. (Students return to their groups with own envelopes)

Now, open your envelopes and

identify the specific image and
discuss its function in 3minutes. (Student discussion)

Okay, time is up! What have you

noticed with the pictures? They are parts of the digestive system.

Yes. You have learned the following

parts in your previous year. Now will
discuss the Digestive process in
detail. So with that what is the
function of the digestive system?
The system responsible for food after we eat is Digestive
System.”
Yes. The digestive system Is
responsible for breakdown and
absorption of nutrients from food
thereby bringing energy for the
body. So now, One representative
per group will discuss their
collaboration in front. Who among
you have the mouth image?
We have have it!
Okay! Be the first to discuss your
work. The mouth offers an entry of food into the body. It is also
where the mechanical breakdown begins.

Good job! Yes!

The mouth breaks down food into
bits to facilitate transfer thru the
esophagus to the stomach.This is a
process called mastication. It also
serves as the initial stage of
digestion with the enzyme
converting carbohydrates. What is
that enzyme?
Salivary amylase!
And now let’s follow the food as it
passes through the digestive system.
From the mouth, food passes
through the? What connects the Esophagus!
mouth and stomach?

Yes. And who have the esophagus?

Can you share your ideas? The esophagus transact food from the mouth to the
stomach by a movement.

That’s correct! So what do we call

that rhythmic movement? Peristalsis!
That’s right. So through peristalsis,
the food,or now called chyme, goes
through the cardiac sphincter, a
ring-shaped muscle where food
enters from esophagus to stomach
that prevents food reflux. The food
then is transported to the stomach.
So again, what is that muscle that
prevent reflux? The cardiac sphincter!

Correct. Now, which group now

hold the stomach? Can you discuss it
in front?
The stomach further forms the food into smaller portions
and contains HCl that aids digestion and destroys the
bacteria present in the ingested food. It also has pepsin the
breaksdown protein into smaller forms.

Yes that’s correct. Now, where does

the food go after passing the Small intestines!
stomach?

Now who among you the small

intestine picture? Please go in front The small intestine is where pancreatic juices aids in
and discuss. digestion of protein, carbohydrates and fats. It is also the
longest part of the digestive system.

Yes, that’s correct. You may return

to your seat. Furthurmore in the
small intestine, bile acts on the food.
Bile is produced in the liver and
stored in the gallbladder. It break
down fats into smaller droplets.

Liver!
What organ produces bile? Gallbladder!
How about the one that stores bile?
That’s correct! Small intestines the
remains of the digestion and
absorption are now enters the large
intestine who happens to be in the
last group. The large intestine is composed by the ascending,
transverse and descending colon, the anus and rectum. It is
also where the appendix is. It also contains the feces ready
for excretion.

Yes, that true. You may now return

to your seat. The large intestine is
composed by the ascending,
transverse and descending colon,
the appendix, anus and rectum. It is
alsowhere absorption of water
occurs. The remains after water has
been absorbed are now called
STOOL or FECES then it will be
stored in the rectum then excrete to
the anus.

So in summary, the digestive system
is composed of?
All are which function to do what?
The mouth, esophagus, stomach, large and small intestines!
They are responsible for breakdown and absorption of
nutrients from food thereby bringing energy for the body.

Very good! So now, I will turn you

over to Tr. Rose for the next activity.

IV. ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
EXAM
Direction: Choose the best answer and One student will read the directions.
write the letter on the space provided.
______ 1. Digestion is ___________. “Direction: Choose the best answer and write the
a. The breakdown of food into letter on the space provided.”
smaller substance that can be
absorbed by the body
b. The breakdown of food in the Students will be given 5 minutes to answer.
mouth which contains salivary
amylase
c. The breakdown of starches into
simple sugars to be easily
swallowed in the esophagus
d. The breakdown of protein into
smaller peptides.
______ 2. It is where the process of
digestion begins.
a. Tongue
b. Teeth
c. Mouth
d. Esophagus
______ 3. The enzyme which is
responsible for protein digestion.
a. Chyme
b. Salivary amylase
c. Pepsin
d. Hydrochloric acid
______ 4. A ring-shaped muscle where
food enters from esophagus to
stomach.
 a. Pyloric sphincter
b. Cardiac sphincter
c. Epiglottis
d. Pyloric valve
______ 5. Where does the absorption of
water occur?
a. Stomach
b. Liver
c. Small intestine
d. Large intestine

CHECKING THE QUIZ

Exchange papers with your seatmates.
Who wants to read and answer number Students raise their hands.
1? “Ma’m”

1. Digestion is ___________.
a. The breakdown of food into smaller substance
that can be absorbed by the body
b. The breakdown of food in the mouth which
contains salivary amylase
c. The breakdown of starches into simple sugars
to be easily swallowed in the esophagus
d. The breakdown of protein into smaller
What’s the answer? peptides.
The answer is A.
“CORRECT!”

Alright number 2.
(Teacher calls another student)
“Ma’m” (another student raises his/her hand)
2. It is where the process of digestion begins.
a. Tongue
b. Teeth
c. Mouth
d. Esophagus
The answer is C.
Okay! Great! Next let’s have number 3 .
(Teacher calls a student)
“Ma’am” (another student raises his/her hand)
3. The enzyme which is responsible for protein
digestion.
a. Chyme
b. Salivary amylase
 c. Pepsin
d. Hydrochloric acid
That is Right! It’s C.
The answer is C.
Let’s continue with number 4.
(Teacher calls another student)
“Ma’am” (students raise hands)
4. A ring-shaped muscle where food enters from
esophagus to stomach.
a. Pyloric sphincter
b. Cardiac sphincter
c. Epiglottis
d. Pyloric valve
The answer is B.
Okay! Correct!
Let’s have the last number.
(Teacher calls another student)
“Ma’am” (Students raise hands)
5. Where does the absorption of water occur?
a. Stomach
b. Liver
c. Small intestine
d. Large intestine

The answer is D.
Definitely right.
That’s all. Anyone has a question?
Students raise their hands.
Alright class, who got 5?

Okay pass your papers.

“Pass your papers according to your
scores.”
“5”
“4”
“3”
“2”
“1”
“0”
 V. ENRICHMENT
TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
“Your assignment for tomorrow.”
“List down three (3) digestive system disorders. Write
Please read….
down the causes and the ways on how to treat them.
Number 1

“Bring the following: cotton balls, ice candy plastic, two

Number 2
pieces of straw, rubber bands