ComprehensionPearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2]E England and Associated Companies throughout the world www.ongman-elt.com © Pearson Education Limited 2000 The right of D'Arcy Adrian-Vallance to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publishers or a licence permitting restricted Copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd., 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. First published 2000, Second impression 2000 ISBN 0582 405718 Set in Futura Bold and Stone Informal. Printed in Lebanon by Librairie du Liban. Prepared for the publishers by Gecko Limited, Granville Way, Bicester, Oxfordshire OX6 OJT. Acknowledgements We are grateful to the following for permission to repraduce capyright photographs: ‘ACE photo agency/Mauritius for page 5 (top); Anthony Blake photo library for page 4 (bottom), /Sian Irvine for page 4 (top left), /Joy Skipper for page 5 (bottom); Colorific/Christopher/Springmann/B. Star for page 35 (middle); Stuart Conway for page 25; Corbis for page 55, /Bettman for pages 22, 49; Images Colour Library for page 34; Impact/Martin Black for page 17; NGS Image Collection/L.ouis Glanzman for page 92) Longman/photo by Gareth Boden for page 16 (top); Pictor International for page 16 (bottom); Pictures Colour Library for page 4 (middle); Tony Stone Images for page 35 (bottom), /Jean ¥ Ruszniewski for page 35 (top) Mlustrations by Celia Witchard, Beccy Blake, Andy Quelch, Chris Brown, Gecko Limited and Kathy Baxendale. With special thanks to Lewis Lansford for his contribution as Freelance Project Manager.CONTENTS ey Seepi ee | Fast food A Look and discuss. 1 Which of these fast foods do you like? 2 What are they made of? 3 Which one has the most vitamin C? Beefburgers are the world’s most popular fast food. You can buy a beefburger in almost every country in the world. When restaurants open on the Moon, burger restaurants will probably be there first! Burgers are not very good for you, so if you like them, eat plenty of fruit and vegetables too. Chips, or chipped potatoes, are also known as French fries. But they are not French. They were invented in Belgium about a hundred years ago. Although potatoes are vegetables, there is not much vitamin C in them, so you need other vegetables too. Ice cream was invented by the Italians. Or was it? Some people think that the Italian ‘explorer Marco Polo got the recipe from China in 1295. There is very little cream in ice creams nowadays. A typical modern ice cream is less than 1% cream. But it tastes good, doesn't it?unit1 Fost too B_ Read and answer: true or false? 1 More people eat burgers than any other fast food. Chips came from France. Ice cream is a very modern invention. Salt is bad for you if you eat too much of it. Falafels are eaten only in Arab countries. wb wr “Pizza was invented in Italy.’ Well, that’s only half true. The Itafians first put | tomatoes on a pizza base 400 years ago. But modem pizzas have cheese too. That idea came from Italians living in America in about 1800. Pizza is not as E bad as some fast food, but most pizzas have too much salt, and that is bad for Falafels are probably the oldest type of fast food. The Egyptians invented falafels about 2,500 years ago. Falafels are made of beans and chickpeas and they have always been popular in Arab countries. Now they are popular in Europe, Asia and America because a falafel sandwich is healthier than other fast food. ornare€ Choose a, bor c. 1 Burgers are not bad for you if you ... a) eat lots of fruit and vegetables _b) like them ©) are on the Moon J soo AO NOt contain much vitamin C. a) Vegetables b) Chips _ c) Belgian vegetables 3 nu. made the first ice cream. Q@) Marco Polo b) We don’t know who —c} A Chinese explorer 4 Ice creams today are not really ...... a) tasty b) cold c) creamy 5 The first pizzas osu a) had tomatoes b) had cheese _c) were not Italian 6 The first modern pizzas were made .. a)in America _b) without tomatoes _c) 400 years ago 7 Falafels ......... Egypt. a) are older than —_b) were first eaten inc) are not popular in 8 Falafel sandwiches are........... a) bad for you b) American Q) eaten in many countries D Answer the questions. 1. Which three kinds of food were invented more than 100 years ago? 2 What is wrong with the names French fries and ice cream? E Same or different? ; 1 good for you, healthy 4 fruit, vegetables 2 too much, plenty of 5 not much, very little 3 chips, chipped potatoes 6 popular, modern beThe picnic A Look and discuss. 1. What do you take with you for a picnic? 2 What can you see in the picture?B_ Read and answer: true or false? se 2 3 4 5 The food in the box was very good. There was only one big cardbourd box. The storyteller threw away the box of rubbish. Everybody laughed when they unpacked the car. They ate biscuits for lunch. The Picnic When our cousins came to visit us, we decided to go fora picnic 1 at our favourite picnic place. My mother is a brilliant cook. She made everyone's favourite things and she packed all this food in a big cardboard box. There were other boxes and bags too, There were picnic things, 5 swimming things, towels, knives, cups, glasses, drinks, sunshades, mats, folding chairs, and a big cardboard box full of rubbish. I threw the box into the big rubbish bin in the street, and we put everything else in our car. After driving for an hour on the big road, we came toa small 10 road and then to a track over dry rocky ground. It was a long, hot and dusty drive, but finally we saw the river. It is a beautiful river and always full of clean, clear water from the mountains. There are waterfalls and places for swimming. There are little beaches with palm trees, and there are islands 15 and big rocks. We jumped and dived from the rocks into the cool water. Then everyone was hungry. We unpacked the car and put up the sunshades. But the food wasn’t there! There was a big box of rubbish, 20 but no food, except for some bread and biscuits. Everyone looked at me. I said, ‘I think I threw away the wrong box. Sorry.’ You can imagine what everyone said! In the end, we ate the biscuits, and we all had a lovely day at the river, but I was not the most popular person that day.€ Choose a, b or c. 1 The storyteller and his family planned to the river. a) take their own food to _b) buy food on the way to ©) go for a long walk in 2 When they packed the car, both the food and the rubbish were ... a)inabag b)inthecar © in boxes 3 Before they left, the storyteller threw......... in the bin. a)abox b) some bags c) knives, cups and glasses 4 The picnic place was a) by the sea b) a long way from the house _) hot and dry 5 When they unpacked the car, the food was ... a) notthere b)inabag c) inthe rubbish box 6 The storyteller ......... the food by mistake. a) ate b) forgot to pack _<) threw away 7 The picnic food wasn't in the car, so they a) ate biscuits b) were hungry _c) had a terrible day 8 Because the storyteller threw the food in the rubbish bin, he was : a) not friendly . b) not popular) not angry D Read this sentence from the story and answer the question. You can imagine what everyone said! (line 24) What do you think people said? Think of three things. E Write the words from the story in the correct column. box, clean, clear, cook, cool, dry, packed, picnic, saw, threw, track, visit Verbs Nouns Adjectives packed!Unit 3 10 A How do you say these underlined words in your language? 1 When you are hot, you start sweating. 2 I feel hot when the temperature is above 25 degrees Celsius. 3 In hot countries, modern cars have gir conditioning. B_ Read the dialogue and answer the questions. 1 awn How many questions does the teacher ask the first boy? How many questions does the teacher ask the second boy? What is their answer to the first question? Can they answer the second question? What does the third boy not say?‘TEACHER: AsT Boy: TEACHER: AsT Boy: TEACHER: 2ND Boy: TEACHER: 3RD Boy: TEACHER: 3RD Boy: TEACHER: 3p Boy: TEACHER: 3np Boy: TEACHER: 3RD Boy: TEACHER: 3RD Boy: The science lesson I want you all to imagine that youareinacar 1 on a hot day. Now here’s the problem. You're very hot and you're sweating. What will you do about it? I'll open the window. $ Good. Now, if the car is travelling at 94 Kilometres per hour, how much air will come into the car? Um ... Um ... I don’t know. Let's try another question. (He looks at the 10 second boy.) The problem is the same: you're in a car on a hot day. You feel hot, so what will you do? ll open the window. Right. Now, if the temperature outside the car is 15 40 degrees Celsius, what will the temperature inside the car be after five minutes? Um ... Um ... I don’t know. (He looks at the third boy.) What about you? Can you answer the questions? 20 Um ... What was the problem again, please sir? You're in a car on a hot day, You're feeling hot, so what will you do? I'll turn on the air conditioning. The car hasn‘t got air conditioning. 25 I'll take off my jacket. You're still feeling hot. T'll take off my jacket and my shirt. You're still too hot. You’re sweating like a river! I'll take off my jacket, my shirt and my shoes. 30. It’s so hot that snakes and scorpions are dying! I don’t care how hot it is, sir. Even if I’m dying, I won't open the window!€ Choose a, b orc. 1 The teacher wants the students to imagine that they are a)inacar b)inaroom ) lost 2 The teacher is teaching about ... a)the weather b) science ©) air conditioning 3 The teacher wants the boys to ..... a) answer a problem b) playa game) go for a drive 4 The boys can’t answer the teacher's second question because a) the weather is too hot —_b) they cannot open the window c) the question is too difficult 5 When the teacher asks, ‘What will you do?’ he expects the third boy to say a) ‘I'll open the window.’ —_ b) ‘I'll turn on the air conditioning.’ ©) ‘I don’t know.’ 6 If the boy says ‘I'll open the window’ the teacher will ... a) ask a difficult question _) tell the boy the answer ©) be angry 7 The third boy doesn’t want to say ‘ a) anything b)thatheishot ©) ‘I don’t know. 8 The teacher is trying to use an example to ...... a) test the boys on science _b) make the boys angry ©) make the boys laugh D Give your opinion. 1 Are the boys bad students or are the questions very difficult? I think 2 Is the third boy caer or not? I think 3 At the end, will the te teacher laugh or a ae Tet sizes etek # E Work in fours. Read and act the play.Learn a second language A Look and discuss. 1 What can you see in the picture? 2 What should the mouse do before he goes for the cheese? B Read and answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 x Who had told the mouse to wait before going for a piece of cheese? How did the young mouse know the cat was there? The next day, why did the mouse think the cat was not there? Who had told the cat to learn a second language? Which language had the cat learnt? 13ies) Learn a second language There was once a young mouse that lived in a hole in a wall. One day, the young mouse woke up from his sleep and looked out of the hole. As he looked out, a beautiful smell came to his nose. ‘Cheese!’ the mouse said happily to himself. ‘I'll go and get it now and have it for breakfast.’ But then he remembered his parents’ words. His parents were very wise mice and often said to their son, ‘Always wait before you go for a piece of cheese.’ So the young mouse waited quietly. Then he heard a quiet ‘Miaow’ and he knew the cat was there. So he stayed in the hole and said to himself, ‘I'm glad | listened to my parents and learned to wait.’ The next day, he looked out again. He put his nose out of the hole, and the beautiful smell of cheese came to his nose again. He could see the cheese. [I was only a few centimetres away. But he sat still and waited quietly. This time he did not hear any cat noises. Instead he heard a very quiet ‘Woof, woof.’ ‘Ws a dog!’ he thought. ‘If the dog is there, the cat won't be there. | expect the dog has chased the cat away. So I'm safe.’ The mouse ran out of the hole and started eating the cheese. He did not see the cat, which caught him and ate him. When the cat finished her meal, she said fo herself, ‘I'm glad | listened to my parents and learned a second language.’ 10 20Unit 4 Learn a second language a € Choose a,b orc. 1 When the mouse woke up, he .... a) saw something beautiful _b) smelled cheese) ate breakfast 2 The mouse......... his parents’ advice. a) didn’t understand —_b) thought about —_c) forgot 3 The mouse wanted the cheese, a) but he waited —_b) so he hurried ‘out and took it ©) but he couldn't find it 4 While the mouse was waiting, he heard .... a) his parents b) another mouse —_c) a cat 5 The next day, the mouse......... a dog. a) heard the sound of b) saw ©) smelled 6 The mouse thought he was......... because dogs don't eat mice. a) safe b) intelligent —c) waiting 7 The sound of the dog was made by «1... a)abigdog b)thecat ) another mouse 8 The cat's parents had told the cat to ... a) eat mice _b) wait quietly c) learn a second language D Match, 1 The mouse a) was not eaten. 2 The cat b) was eaten. 3 The cheese ©) ate. 4 The cat and the mouse d) wanted to eat. E Write, then discuss with a friend. The mouse's parents told the mouse, ‘Always wait before you go for a piece of cheese.’ The cat's parents told the cat, ‘Learn a second language.’ What wise words have you learnt from your parents? \15]Unit 5 A Look and discuss. 1 Do you think the girl liked New York? 2 What colour are cabs (=taxis) in New York? 3 What else do you know about New York? Hil Welcome to my USA holiday diary. T've just got home after a two-week holiday in the USA with my family. It was really great, and I want to remember everything, so I'm putting if all in this diary, zB zB 2 eA eA 4 a eS DAY 1 - New York We arrived at New York airport and took a yellow cab fo our hotel, Everything here is so bigl It's like the ‘Batman’ films! Facts about New York People call New York ‘The city that never sleeps’. Another popular name for it is ‘The Big Apple’. Don’t ask me why! The population is 7,323,000. 34 million people visit New York every year! [16Unit $ USA holiday tiory B_ Read and answer. 1 How long was the holiday in the USA? 2 Which city did they go to first? 3 Which tall building did they go up? 4 When did they go shopping? 5 Where did they spend most of the third day? } DAY 2 First we went to the Empire State Building, which is 381 metres high. We went right up to the top and looked out coross New York, It was a fantastic view! Aften that I had the biggest burger I have ever seen! After lunch we went shopping. Clothes and CDs are cheaper than in England, and the shops are BIG, BIG, BIGI Getting around Although it’s a big city, you can't get lost because most of the streets have numbers. For example, if you're in Thirty-fourth Street it’s easy to find Thirty-ninth Street DAY 3 - last day in New York Saturday. Central Park is the place to go at weekends, It's full of people wallking, playing, jogging and skating. There are musicians and artists and tourists like me. There's a great 200 in the park with lots of interesting animals. In the evening we went to the cinema. (The Americans call it a “movie thectter’.)C Choose a, b orc. 1 The writer.......... the USA. a) is planning to go to b) is now visiting c) has just returned from 2 The writer ........ New York City is called the ‘Big Apple’. a) explains why —b) doesn’t know why _) doesn’t say that 3 34 million people a a) visit New York City every year __ b) live in New York City c) call New York ‘the city that never sleeps’ 4 The Empire State Building has.......... a) agood view b) big burgers _) inexpensive clothes and CDs 5 In New York, it’s........ to find your way. a) almost impossible b) easy _c) rather difficult 6 The streets are ........ a) difficult to understand _ ) like the streets in England ©) numbered 7 Lots of people in Central Park. a) work b) play _ c) get lost 8 The writer says she went ... a) toaconcert )toacinema ¢) skating D Answer the questions. 1 How did the girl travel from the airport to the hotel? 2 Can you list three things that the girl liked in New York City? 3 What would you like to see or do in New York City? Why? E Match the British English with the American English. Then check your answers. British English: American English: 1 cinema a) movie 2 film b) stores 3 holiday ©) cab 4 taxi d) movie theater 5 shops e) vacationFun with science A Look at these experiments and guess the answers to the questions. 1 if the girl blows air over the paper, 2 Which ball will hit will the paper go up or down? the floor first? metal wood 3. If the boy takes his hand away, will the ruler and the hammer fall? desk wooden ruler elastic band: hammer handle ae head B_ Read and answer. How many of your guesses were right?Fun with Science 1 If the girl blows hard, the paper will go up! Try it and see): Scientists call this ‘The Bernoulli effect’ after Daniel Bernoulli (1700-82), the Swiss scientist who discovered it. Nowadays, the Bernoulli effect helps planes to fly. The wing of a plane is like the paper in the boy's hand. The 5 top side of the wing is curved like the paper, so the air blows over the wing in the same way and lifts it up. E 2 A fam: hundred years ago. Gal i id thi iment three i ientist, Galileo, did this experiment oe sGalileo said that all things fall at the it him and said, ‘Heavy things Se ed ee aoe So Galileo took a wooden ball ey t fall faster than light things! Seana nea ig heavy metal ball t oa : eet dropped the two balls from the oe of ae ‘a is The two balls fell together towards the ground, a they hit the ground together. 10 3 __ If the hand is mov ae ey slowly and Carefully, the ruler Think about it scientifically. The desk j i | ruler and the hammer. On the tight is the Pe ae z | head. On the left are the light wooden things. If the wooden things go down, they must lift the hammer head up. But they can’t do that because the hammer head is too heavy. So they don’t fall, Try it and see for yourself!€ Choose a, b orc. 1 The Bernoulli effect no. a) makes the wind blow _ b) helps aeroplanes to fly ©) was discovered by a pilot 2 Daniel Bernoulli was from ... a) Switzerland b) Sweden c) Swaziland 3 A..... the top of the wing makes aeroplanes fly. a) strong part of |b) curve in ©) piece of paper on 4 In his experiment, Galileo ......... things to test their speed. a) threw b) lifted) dropped 5 Before he did his experiment, people thought Galileo's idea WOS ecences a) silly b)important right 6 Galileo's experiment showed that heavy things fall light things. a) fasterthan b) more slowly than _c) at the same speed as 7 In picture 3, the ruler and the hammer .......... the desk. a) lift) are heavier than ©) are held up by 8 The ruler and hammer do not fall because ........ and the hammer head is heavy. a) the ruler is strong _b) the desk is heavy ©) the wooden things are light D Answer the questions in A with complete sentences. E b elf] | f au 3 pla} p Ls d s ni t d k [arThe Wright brothers A Look and discuss. 1 How did people travel before we had aeroplanes? 2 Do you think aeroplanes changed the world a lot? 3 What do these things do? a) the engine __b) the propeller c) the wings The first flight of a plane with an engine B Read and answer. 1 Did the Wright brothers work in a bicycle shop? 2 Could other people fly a plane with an engine? 3 What did the Wrights make first? 4 What did they call their plane with an engine? 5 How long was its first flight?Unit 7 The Wright brothers rT Two brothers who changed the world Aeroplanes have changed the world in the last hundred years. But 1 this great change began with two ordinary people. Onille and Wilbur Wright were Iwo brelhers who had a bicycle shap in Ohio, USA. They were good at making bicycles, but planes were their real interest 5 At that time, people knew how to build and fly gliders (= planes with no engine}, but nobody could build @ plane with an engine and fly it The plane builders had two main problems: they could not make the wings strong enough, and the planes always crashed when they tried to take off. 10 The Wright brothers read about these problems in a newspaper, and they decided to look for answers. They made small model planes in the bicycle shop and they built a wind tunnel'to test the models. They also built real gliders. Finally, they built a plane with on engine, which they called The Flyer 18 On December 17th 1903, — Onville and Wilbur pulled The Flyer onto a flat sandy beach. The plane weighed 275 kilograms, It hed a petrol engine and two wooden 20 propellers. Two bicycle chains connected the propellers to the engine. The day was very cold, and there was a wind of about 30 kilometres oer hour. The 25 brothers tossed a coin to see who should fly first. Orville won, He climbed A wind tunnel onto the plane and siaried the engine. The Flyer began to move into the wind. Wilbur ran along beside the plane. And then the plane took offl It flew for only 12 seconds, 30 but someone took a photograph, and the plane flew into the history books.Unit 7 The Wright brothers € Choose a, b or c. 1 People have used aeroplanes with engines for about .......... years. a)50 b)100 150 2 The Wright brothers .......... bicycles. a) made and sold b) discovered) put propellers on 3 A glider is a type of........... a)engine b) bicycle c) aeroplane 4 The Wright brothers wanted to make a plane........... a) without wings b) with an engine) that would crash 5 Plane builders had problems making good......... for planes with engines. a) wings b) propellers _) gliders 6 The Wright brothers made models to ........... a) test their ideas b) sellin their shop _) fly in 7 On the day of the flight, the weather was ... a) rainy b) warm —_c) windy 8 The Wright brothers’ plane a) crashed b) flew well _c) flew for a long time D Match the phrases to make complete sentences. 1 When the Wrights began a) strong enough to working, people carry an engine. 2 The problem was to make an b) models and gliders. aeroplane ©) it flew! 3 First the Wright brothers made d) fly in aeroplanes every 4 Then the Wright brothers made day. 5 When they tested The Flyer, ¢) The Flyer. 6 Now, millions of people £) knew how to make gliders. E Discuss: what do you think these phrases mean? ordinary people (line 4) bicycle chains (line 21) tossed a coin (line 24) took a photograph (line 28) the plane flew into the history books (line 28) _ openUnit 8 A Look and discuss. a 2 3 Which is your favourite zoo animal? Can you name some intelligent animals? Why are chimpanzees popular? B Guess the answers. Then read and check your guesses. il. 2 3 4 5 Can chimpanzees smile? Where do chimpanzees come from? Can chimpanzees learn to understand words? Can chimpanzees make sentences? Do chimpanzees think? 25 |26 — Chimpanzees The most popular animals in many zoos are the chimpanzees (or chimps). People like to see tigers, elephants, giraffes and other animals, but chimps are special. Other animals are very different from us, but chimps are less different. They have hands like ours, and their faces can smile like ours. They love to play games and they are very intelligent. Facts about chimpanzees Chimpanzees come from’central Africa. Males weigh about 40 kilograms and grow to about 1 metre. They live in trees and on the ground. They eat mostly leaves and fruit, but they also eat eggs, insects and small animals. They can live to the age of 60 or more, How intelligent are they? Scientists in the USA have taught chimps to use English. The most famous chimp is called Panbanisha. She can understand 3,000 words and she can use 250 words to make sentences. She can’t speak but she can use a computer which speaks. The computer has a special keyboard with 400 keys. Panbanisha presses the keys and the computer speaks. For example, if she wants an apple, she presses the key for Give me and the key for apple. Then the computer says ‘Give me - apple.’ Sometimes Panbanisha makes sentences for other chimps, such as ‘Matata wants a banana.’ But Panbanisha does not talk only about food. Sometimes she is quiet, and somebody asks her, ‘Is something wrong?’ Panhanisha answers, ‘No. I’m thinking about climbing a tree.’ or ‘I want to buy a swimming pool.’ Panbanisha has a one-year-old son called Nyota, and she is teaching him to use the computer, too. a 10 15 20 25Unit 8 Chimpanzees Choose a, b orc. 1 Chimps are ......... other animals are. a) more like us than) not as popular as ___) bigger than 2 Chimps a) do not eat other animals _b) are more than 1 metre tall ©) sometimes live in trees 3 Panbanisha can ........ words correctly. a) say 3,000 b) write some ©) use 250 4 speaks when Panbanisha presses a key. a) The computer b) Ascientist ¢) A chimp 5 When she wants something, she can... a) take it b)askforit ¢) find it 6 She uses the computer to .......... other chimps. a) play games with b) talk to c) help 7 Sometimes she is quiet because she is a) unhappy) thinking) hungry 8 Nyota is........ his mother. " a) learning from b) teaching —_c) more intelligent than Answer the questions about chimpanzees. How much do they weigh? How big do they grow? Where do they live? What do they eat? ..... How long can they live? Why are they interesting? AubwNne Write about another kind of animal that you like.Have you heard the joke about ... A Look and discuss these questions about each picture. 1 Where are the people? 2 What are they wearing and carrying? 3 What are they doing? » three silly men in the desert? traveller was walking across a hot sandy desert when he met 1 three men. The first man was wearing a raincoat. ‘What's that for?’ the traveller asked. The man answered, ‘Don’t you know that it rains one day every year in the desert?’ The second man was carrying a pair of sunglasses. ‘Why don’t 5 you wear your sunglasses?" the traveller asked. The man answered, ‘Somebody told me that the stars are very bright in the desert. So these glasses are for the nighttime.’ The third man was carrying a car door. ‘What's that for?’ the traveller asked. The man answered, ‘Don't you know that the io desert is very hot at midday? When | get hot, | like to open the window.”Unit 9 Have you heard the joke about ... ae B_ Read and answer the questions. 1 Did the first man really need his raincoat? 2 What did the third man want to do at the hottest time of the day? 3 Who did they see outside the submarine? 4 How many times did they open the submarine’s door? 5 Why did the third man open the submarine’s window? or day, three men heard a noise outside their submarine. They looked through a window and saw an enemy diver. ‘Illopen the door and shoot him,’ said the first man. He opened the door, — water poured in, and the submarine sank to the bottom of the sea. A month later, the three men were in a new submarine.They 5 heard a knock at the door. ‘Somebody wants to come in,’ said the second man, and he opened the door. The enemy diver laughed as the submarine sank. A month later, the three men were in a new submarine. Again, they heard a knock at the door. The third man ran to the window 10 and shouted, ‘We know it’s you! We're not going to make the same mistake three times!’ But the diver couldn’t hear him, so the man opened the window. ¥ |29)C Choose a, b orc. F 1 The first man in the desert was ready for .... a) hot weather b) rain) walking on sand 2 The second man brought sunglasses because of the ... a) bright stars b) hot sun) dry sand 3 The third man in the desert brought a car door so that he could .. ta be cool. a) hide under it) drive ©) put down the window 4 The three men. ......... the right things for a walk in the desert. a) did not have _b) gave the traveller _c) were using 5 The first man in the submarine opened the door because he wanted Ge. a) let water in _b) sink the submarine __c) shoot the enemy 6 The enemy diver knocked on the door because he wanted the submarine. a)tosink b) to go inside) to shoot * 7 The third man opened the window because he wanted to .. the enemy diver. a)talkto b)shoot c) sink 8 The submarine sank three times because ... a) the three men were not clever _b) the enemy diver shot it ¢) it was not a good submarine D The diver wrote this. Can you complete it? When. l first saw the submarine, I was afraid. Then one of the men inside}... ... to shoot me and the submarine sank! When Is saw them again, I was less afraid. I 4 5 bs and a man opened it. Their submarine * 5 again! When I saw them the third time, I thought, ‘They are not 4. cnennnnnni simmer ... the same yatstake again.’ A man inside * “at me, but I fin And geeas wcitE” and the submarine sank! E Think and discuss. What will happen if the three silly men see the enemy diver again?Junior Comprehension 3 To the teacher ‘The texts in Junior Comprebension are suitable for work in class or at home. If you set a unit for homework, first spend a minute or two in class doing task A orally with the pupils and checking that they understand what to do in the other tasks. Before the lesson Read the text and decide which words your pupils may not know: Decide which of these words they should try to guess from che context and which words to pre-teach with the help of the picture and questions in task A. 1 Pre-reading (task A) Aimis: 1 arouse the pupils’ interest and curiosity; to make sure they have any necessaty background knowledge or experience; to pre-teach key vocabulary; to help pupils to predict the content of the text. Type of task: a brief oral task usually consisting of discussion questions or questions about the picture(s). Suggested classroom method: This can be a whole-class discussion, or you can divide the class into pairs or groups anc let the pupils discuss the questions before giving you their answers. This pre-reading task should be quite short 2 First reading (cask B) Aims: to cheek general understanding of the main points of the text before going on to more detailed comprehension in task ‘Type of task: reading and a comprehension task such as Yes/No questions, True/False sentences or simple Wh- questions with short answers of one or wo words. Suggested classroom method: 1) Make sure the pupils understand the task (though they may not understand all the questions until they have read the text). 2) Give them time to read the text silently and to complete the task. An alternative to silent reading is for you to read the text aloud while the pupils listen and read; but do nor do this every time because the pupils must {carn to read independently. 3) Ask pupils to give their answers orally. Alternatively, let them compare their answers in pairs or small groups first. In either case, if pupils disagree about an answer, they should refer again to the text and try 10 reach agreement. Finally, confirm the correct answers and make sure that everyone understands them before trying tasks C and D. 3 Compreliension (tasks C and D) Aims: (C) to check pupils’ comprehension of important details in the text; (1D) to elicir an active and thoughtful response to the text, Type of task: (C) multiple choice sentence completion with three choices, followed by (D) a variety of tasks such as answering questions, completing summaries or giving opinions. Suggested classroom method: 1) Check that the pupils understand what they have to do in task D before they stare work, (Task C is always the same.) 2) Tell the pupils to work individually until they have completed tasks G and D. 3) Hither collect written answers for marking or follow one of the procedures suggested for task B, step 3 above. 4 Language work or discussion (task E ) Aims: to provide an appropriate learning or discussion follow-up Type of task: a vocabulary task such as a word puzzle, finding words in the text, matching, and categorising words: or a personalisation task such as writing sentences about oneself: or discussion tasks such as agreeing or disagreeing. Suggested classroom method: the same as the previous stage. A note on reading aloud round the class: Reading aloud round the class may be useful sometimes, but most reading should be done silently. Do not ask pupils to read aloud before they have undersiood the text and Jearnt how to pronounce the words The author ana publisher thank the many teachers who have belped and advised us, and we hope that you and your pupils will enjoy using the hook.Answers 1 Fast food A B iC D 1 Pupils’ own answers 2 Pupils’ own answers 3 Fulafels AT 2F 3F 47 SF Ja 2h 3b de 5a Ga Th 8c 1 ice cream, pizza, falafcls 2 French fies were not invented in France. Ice cream is less than 1% cream 1same 2different 3 same 4different 5same 6 different 2 The picnic A baw 1 Pupils’ own answers 2 Possible answers: a family on a picnic in a hot country; a four-wheel-drive car; rocks; trees; a river; a blanket; drinks; a sunshade; folding chairs; a cardboard box bags. 41 26 3F 4F 5T Ja 2c 3a 4b 5a 6c 7a 8b Possible answers: ‘We haven't got any food! ‘What are we going to cat? How did/could you do thar? Why did you do that? ‘Are you erizy? Verbs: visit, packed, saw, threw Nouns: pienie, cook, hox, track Adjectives: dry, clean, cool, clear 3. The science lesson A B c D z ‘Words translated into pupils’ language. Jiwo 2two 3-‘T'll open the window? 4.No. 5 ‘Till open the window: Ja 2b 3a 4c 5a Oa 7c 8a Pupils’ own answers Pupils read the play aloud. 4 Lean a second language A moO 1 Possible answers: a mouse, a piece of cheese 2 Possible answer: He should be careful. 1 his parents 2 He heard the cat 3 He thought he heard « dog, 4 his parents 5 dog language Ib 2b 3a 4c 5a Ga 7h 8 tb 2c 3a dd Pupils’ own answers 5 USA holiday diary A. 1 Pupils’ own opinions 2 yellow 3 Pupils’ own answers B Ltwo weeks 2. New York City 3 The Empire State Building 4 afer lunch on day 2 5 in Central Park © 1c 2b 3a 4a Sb 6c 7h &b D 1 by yellow taxi 2 Answers may vary: the (view from) the Empire State Building; the big burger she had for lunch: shopping for clothes and CDs; cheaper prices; the numbered streets; Central Park; the 200; the cinema (movie theater) Bid 2a 3e 4c 5b Fun with science Pupils’ own guesses Depends on answers to question A 1b 2a 3h 4c¢ Sa 6c 7c 8c L If the boy blows hard, the paper will 80 up. 2 ‘The balls will hit the floor at the same time. 3 The ruler and the hammter will not fall. FE Words across: halls; effect; wing; paper; ground; scientist; desk ‘Mystery word: science comp ‘The Wright brothers A. 1 Answers may vary: by walking; by horse; by camel; by boat; by train 2 Pupils’ own opinions 3.) turns the propellers; b) pull the aeroplane through the air ©) hold the aeroplane B yes 4 The Flyer 2no 5 12 seconds 3 model planes tb 2a 3c 4b 5a 6a Je 8b If 2a 3b 4e 5c 6d Pupils’ discussion. Possible answers: 1 people without special education 2 the metal belt that goes from the pedals of a bicycle wo the wheels 3 Flipped a coin into the air. This is a way of deciding something, Before the coin lands, one person calls *heads’ (the front) or ‘tails’ (the back). If the call is Boocorrect, the person who called is the winner. If the call is incorrect, the person who called is the loser 4 used a camera to make a picture 5 ‘The plane became famous in history because it was the first motorised plane to fly 8 Chimpanzees A Pupils’ own answers B lyes Ayes 2 central Africa Syes 3 yes la 2c 3c 4a Sb Ge 7b 8a 1 about 40 kilograms 2 about 1 metre 3 in trees and on the ground 4 mostly leaves and fruit 5 to the age of 60 or more 6 Pupils’ own answers: Chimps have hands like ours; they can smile; they like to play games; they are intelligent; they can learn language. E Pupils’ own answers c D 9. Have you heard the joke about .. A 1 picture 1: in the desert; picture 2: in a submarine 2.1n picture 1, one man is wearing a raincoat, another is carrying sunglasses and a third is carrying a car door. In picture 2, the men ate wearing military uniforms. One of them is carrying a gun, ‘The man outside the submarine is wearing diving gear. 3 Pupils’ guesses B ino 2 open the window 3 an enemy diver 4 two times 5 to shout at the enemy diver or because the diver could not hear him Ib 2a 3c 4a Sc Ga 7a 8a 1 opened the door 2 knocked on the door 3 sank 4 going to make 5 shouted. 6 couldn't hear 7 opened the window FE Discussion ba 10 The talkative tortoise A Lovo birds are carrying it 2 Pupils’ guesses 3 Ie will fall B I the king 2a beautiful mountain 3 astick 4 He fell, Syes G la 2b 3a de 5a 6b 7b 8c D Lindi 2 Pupils’ own opinions; The king Jearned a lesson but the tortoise didn’t 3 Pupils’ own opinions; ‘The king understood that his friend wanted to help him. E Discussion 11 Speed A Pupils’ guesses B 1 298 kilometres per hour 2.36 kilometres per hour 3 250 kilometres per hour 4 240 kilometres per hour 5 1,227 kilometres per hour 6 40,000 kilometres per hour 7 299,792 kilometres per second © le 2b 3c 4a 5a 6b 7h Be D b8,95 5,250 d6, 240 €3, 1,227 £7, 160 g2, 40,000 hd, 298 E closer the closest fast the fastest short shorter higher the highest slow the slowest exciting more exciting bigger the biggest 12 School stories A moo 1 Pupils’ guesses 2 Pupils’ guesses 1 2T 3F 46 5ST Ib 2b 3a 4b 5a 6b 7a 8c Pupils’ own answers across: grammar, zoo, elephant, formula, chemical, alphabet down: apples, water, peanuts, letter, hands 13 Making a TV serial A B c 1 Pupils’ own answers 2 Pupils’ own answers 3.) all of the pictures; b) every pleture except for 5; ¢) picture 4 A3 Bd C1 D2 F6 FS Ib 2a 3c 4a Sb 64 7a 8a154 de D 1 They are reading their words aloud 2 She's telling the actor how to move, 3 They are recording the episode. 4 She is giving the actors the script for the next episode E_ pcople: crew, actors, director ‘equipment: camera, microphone, script, table actions: record, part ofa seri ad, act, practise cene, episode 14 How to use a computer safely A Pupils’ own answers and guesses B Islowly 2 more than 3 at the same height as 4 back, neck 5 30 minutes (half hour) la 2c 3a 4b 5b Ga 7b 8c Isafe 2close 3 wrists 4 height S exercise 6 sit 7 forearms 8 parallel E Lwrists 2computer 3 injure ‘screen Sthigh 6 forearm T exercise 8 elbows go tive puzale A La bank robbery 2 The police are questioning two men, 4 stavements by the men to the police B Lat 8 p.m. yesterday 2 Bill Burger and Ben Burger 3 yes Ayes 5 yes © tb 2h 3a de 5a 6b Je Bb D 1 Ben’s 2 the news and some football 3 says they watched a film about a football player 4 into the town centre but Ben says they took a taxi 5 fod that they ate B 1 What 2 Where was 3 What time/When was 4 Who are the police 5 Who are 6 Do the men have 16 Girl on the Titanic (part 1) AT 20 31 4P B Lewelve 2 the USA 3 11:40 p.m. 4 Tt was going too fast. 5 just after midnight le 2b 3a 4b 5b Ga 7c 8a 2 they went through the Suez 3 they crossed the Mediterranean 4 they arrived in 5 they got on the 6 they hit an E Discussion va 17 Girl on the Titanic (part 2) A Pupils’ own answers B 1 ‘There weren't enough lifeboats. 2 It. was very cold. 3 The lifeboat was already full. 4 The lifeboats were already dangerously full 5 Yes, she did. © lb 2b 4a fc 5b Ga 7b Be D Pupils’ own opinions E put 2run Shave dhe 5send return 7gct Bleave 9 shout break I1sink I2see 13 pull 14 find 18 Letters to a magazine A’ 1 Pupils’ own answers 2.Children give cards and small presents to their fathers. 3 Pupils’ own answers 4 Father's day’ B_ 1 She fell out of the car. 2. She was wearing her seat belt 3 She felt very proud of him. 4 They are going to have a test. 5 Yes, he has. € lb 2a 3c de 5a 6¢ 7b 8c D Pupils’ own answers E lacy tells about how to be safe. Claire sends a message to her father. Jenny asks about her brother, Claire's father will be surprised by Claire's letter. Jenny’s brother doesn’t tell his friends about his revision. 19 A builder's story A. Discussion BAM BOT C23-24 D9 E19-21 © tb 2c 3b 4a 5c Ga 7c 8b D First 2Nest 3 After 4 Because Sup 6When 7down 8again 9 Finally E Pupils’ own answersThe talkative tortoise A Look and discuss. 1 How is the tortoise flying? 2 What do you think the young king is saying? 3. What will happen if the tortoise opens its mouth? B Read and answer. 1 Who could not stop talking? Where did the birds and the tortoise want to fly to? | What did the tortoise hold onto? | What happened when the tostoise tried to talk? Did the king change after that? ES) [31|