POST TEST 2.

1. B. I washed my wound immediately with soap and water.

Rationale: washing wound with soap and water is the first aid if ever you're bitten by an animal to
prevent infections.

2. A.Negri bodies antibody test

Rationale: this is stated on the module given,demonstration of negri bodies

3. A. Day 0, 3, 7, 14, 28

Rationale: The Imurab should be given at Day 0, 3, 7, 14, 28.

4. C. Observed for 10 days

Rationale: Observe the dog for 10 days if the dog will die then the dog is positive for rabies. The
quarantine is set at 10 days because a rabies-infected animal can only transmit the disease after clinical
signs have developed.

5. A. Barangay tanod officials patrolling the streets at night, pet owners, veterinarians, animal handlers

Rationale: this people are highly recommended for voluntary pre-exposure prophylaxis because they are
at risk on having bitten by the dogs. The tanods that are exposed during night will have a higher risk of
being bitten.

6. D. SSS (Slit Skin Smear)

Rationale: Skin biopsy specimens are examined for rabies antigen in the cutaneous nerves at the base of
hair follicles.
7. D. Rubbing garlic on the wounds

Rationale: This technique is not ideal to be an initial action or as nursing intervention for rabies.

8. B. The incubation period is less than a month.

Rationale: the incubation period for leprosy or Hansen's disease is about five years (two to 10 years),
and it can take as long as about 20 years before symptoms and signs of leprosy develop in some
patients.

9. C. Skin biopsy

Rationale: slit skin smear determines the presence of Mycobacterium leprae

optional and done only if clinical diagnosis is doubtful to prevent misclassification and wrong treatment.

10. A. BCG

Rationale: BCG also prevent tuberculosis given at birth.

11. B. Loss of sensation on the skin lesion

Rationale: loss of sensation on the skin lesion is an early sign of leprosy the rest are late signs and
symptoms of leprosy.

12. B. decrease or loss of sweating or hair growth

Rationale: decrease or loss of sweating or hair growth is an early sign of leprosy the rest are late signs
and symptoms

13. D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Rationale: all are true in attributes for amoebiasis.

14. B. Onset is sudden

Rationale: the Amoebiasis is not sudden onset its incubation period is 10hrs- 7 days and the illness may
last for weeks.

15. A. Metronidazole

Rationale: Metronidazole is a drug of choice to treat amoebiasis.

16. A. Eat ground vegetables such as lettuce, carrots and the like regularly.

Rationale: for better health they should also eat not just ground vegetables but also other vegetables.

17. D. Sputum culture and sensitivity

Rationale: sputum test is an confirmatory test.

18. B. Nocturnal Blood Examination

Rationale: in NBE the blood are taken from the patient at the patient residence or in the hospital after
8:00 pm.

19. A. Lymphangitis,lymphadenitis, epidydimitis

Rationale: in acute stage of filariasis manifestations are lymphadenitis as inflammation of lymph nodes,
lymphangitis as inflammation of lymph vessels and in some cases are the male genitalia is affected
leading to funiculitis, epidydimitis or orchitis as redness, painful and tender scrotum.

20. C. 1, 2, 3, 4

Rationale: Ingestion of raw or inadequately cooked seafood usually bi-valve shellfish or mollusks during
red tide season are mode of transmission for paralytic shellfish poisoning or red tide poisoning.

21. D. 3, 4

Rationale: induce vomiting and drinking pure coconut milk weakens the toxic effect of red tide sodium
bicarbonate solution 25 grams in 1/2 water may be taken.
22. A. 1, 2, 3, 4

Rationale: all are signs and symptoms of red tide poisoning.

23. C. “Toxin of red tide is not totally destroyed upon cooking hence eating tahong should be avoided.”

Rationale: shellfish affected by red tide must not be cooked with vinegar as the toxin of pyromidium
increases 15x greater when mixed with acid, and toxin of red tide is not totally destroyed upon cooking
hence consumes must be educated to avoid bi-valve mollusks, when the red tide warning has been
issued by the proper authorities thus, prevention is better than cure.

24. A. Red Algae

Rationale: A red tide occurs when the population of certain kinds of algae known as dinoflagellates
explodes, creating an "algal bloom"

25. B. Snail

Rationale: snail is the intermediate host for schistosomiasis, in that way it is called snail fever.

26. C. Oncomelaniaquadrasi

Rationale: Oncomelaniaquadrasi or snail as intermediate host for schistosomiasis.

27. C. Skin Contact

Rationale: infection occurs when skin comes in contact with contaminated fresh water in which certain
types of snails that carry schistosomes are living, it is the free swimming larval forms cercariae of the
parasite that penetrate the skin.

28. C. Japonicum

Rationale: The causative agent of schistosomiasis that is only endemic in the Philippines is Schistosoma
Japonicum.
29. D. Praziquan

30. C. Use of condom

Rationale: using of condom can prevent the direct contact of skin to skin. Thus this prevent the fluids to
accumulate on the genitals to prevent acquiring of HIV.

31. D. Most commonly as a result of sexual contact

Rationale: Since many engage in polygamous in that way it is the primary cause of transmission.

32. A. Type I – Brunhilde

Rationale: type 1 is the most frequent cause of paralytic poliomyelitis.

33. A. Moderately elevated as disease progresses.

Rationale: the abnormal protein level in the CSF suggests a problem in the central nervous system. It
Increases protein level may be a sign of a tumor, bleeding, nerve inflammation, or injury. A blockage in
the flow of spinal fluid can cause the rapid buildup of protein in the lower spinal area.

34. D. Head falls back when the pt. is in supine position with shoulders elevated.

Rationale: Hoyne's sign or head lag when shoulders are elevated in a supine patient, head will lag this
indicates positive Hoyne's sign.

35. D. The use of handroll, trochanter roll and footboard is contraindicated.

Rationale: This positioning technique can help the client stabilize the body alignment in transfering,
therefore it is not contraindicated.

36. C. Erythromycin

Rationale: the erythromycin together with penicillin and bedrest is indicated to patients with pertussis.
37. C. C, D, E, F

Rationale: Apply insect repellant on house walls, use long sleeved shirts when going out at night, plant
Neem tree in their back yards and clear hanging branches near rivers are other preventive measures in
malaria.

38. A. Instruct the patient to wear long sleeve and pants all the time and apply mosquito repellants
when going out of the house to protect themselves from mosquitoes.

Rationale: wearing long sleeve and pants all the time and applying mosquito repellants when going out
of the house is one of the preventive measures to instruct to prevent acquiring of malaria.

39. B. Platelet

Rationale: since the one that attacks the virus is the platelet thats why bleeding is common in dengue
patients.

40. A. There are 20 or more petechiae noted in 2.5 cm square

Rationale: the test is positive when 20 or more petechiae per 2.5 cm square or 1 inch square are
observed.

41. A. Rashes which pass through stages of macule, papule, vesicle and pustule more abundant on the
face and extremities.

Rationale: The rash of the chickenpox is watery and later on crusted

42. C. give aspirin for fever

Rationale: When the aspirin is given Reye's syndrome may be develop.

43. B. “I need to place white gloves on my child’s hands at night. Rationale: this is to avoid the scratching
of the skin in that way it prevent irritation.

44. A. National TB program

Rationale: Vision: A country where TB is no longer a public health problem

Mission: Ensure that TB DOTS Services are available, accessible, and affordable to the communities
in collaboration with LGUs and others

Goal: To reduce prevalence and from TB by halfby the year 2015.

45. A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Rationale: the causative agent is mycobacteriom Tuberculosis.

46. C.BCG vaccination of newborn

Rationale: this is the earliest form of preventive measure because we prevent the occirence of TB as
early as possible.

47. D.X–ray

Rationale: Chest x-ray is used to determine the size of the lession on the lungs.

48. D. 48-72 hours

Rationale: the mantoux and tine test results are interpreted after 72 and 38 hours.

49. D. Clients diagnosed for the first time through a positive sputum exam

Rationale: The target of Dots are to Cure at least 85% of the sputum smear (+) patients discovered.

50. B. Category II

Rationale: Category 2 was for sputum smear positive patients who have relapsed, who have treatment
failure or who are receiving treatment after treatment interruption.

51. D. Optic Neuritis

Rationale: the blurring of vision is also indicated thus this is not advisable to give to children.
52. A. Stomach upset

: tell your doctor if you have symptoms of liver disease such as persistent nausea or vomiting, unusual
tiredness or weakness, severe stomach or abdominal pain in taking ethambutol as the most adverse
effects of the medicine.

53. B Negative

Rationale: A positive Mantoux reading has an induration measuring 5 mm or more in diameter in low- to
high-risk individuals. A small area of ecchymosis is insignificant and is probably related to injection
technique.

54. C. Diazepam (Valium)

Rationale: Diazapem is given for the muscle spasms.

55. D. We encourage you to speak to him and touch him even though he is unable to respond you

Rationale: to promote psychological support that can alleviate patient's feeling.

56. D. Gram (+) Anaerobic

Rationale: it was the only word with correct spelling

57. D. Homan’s sign

Rationale: homans sign is not belong to the group.

58.d. All of the above

Rationale: All indicates the possible complications of meaningitis if left untreated.

59. D. Mannitol
Rationale: smotic diuretic (Mannitol) this help to reduce ICP and relieve cerebral edema

Alert: fastdrip to prevent crystallization.

60. D. is required for 24 hours after onset of antibiotic therapy

Rationale: Meningococcal meningitis patients should be placed on droplet precautions until they have
completed 24 hours of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Negative pressure ventilation is not required.
Patients with pneumococcal or viral meningitis do not require isolation.

61. A. Reverse isolation

Rationale: Reverse isolation are procedures designed to protect a patient from infectious organisms
carried by patients, the organisms are typically spread by droplets in the air or on equipment.

62. A. Elevated/increased

Rationel: if there is alteration on CSF there is elevated Protein

63. D. Label specimen properly

Rationale: Labeling of specimen is needed to avoid errors on results and exchanging of specimen with
other patients.

64. D. Trichuriasis

Rationale: trichuriasis or philipinensis

65. A. Ascariasis

Rationale: reffered as giant worms

66. A French kissing

Rationale: kissing is an ordinary contact which has least chance of acquiring the HIV unless there is
bleeding in gums.
67. D. None of the above

Rationale: all are disease associated with AIDS.

68. C. Western Blot Test

Rationale: Western Blot is used as confirmatory for AIDS

69. D. Wash the hands thoroughly

Rationale: When taking BP there is no possible way of transmitting of disease, when you wash hands
thoroughly.

88. A. The pattern of occurrence and distribution is continuous throughout a period of time.

Rationale: Endemic is the continuous occurence throughout a period of time a disease whether on a
high or low prevalence, the disease is therefore always occuring in the locality and the level of
occurrence maybe low or high.

79. A. Concurrent disinfection

Rationale: Concurrent is the disinfection of discharges materials.

80. A. IgM antibodies

Rationale: IgM antibodies are largest main immuno globulins produced early in primary response.

81. B. All of the above

Rationale: all given numbers above are the answers regarding to the legal responsibilities of the nurse in
protection and control of CD.

82. A. Standard precaution

Rationale: Standard Precautions are used for all patient care. They're based on a risk assessment and
make use of common sense practices and personal protective equipment use that protect healthcare
providers from infection and prevent the spread of infection from patient to patient.
83. A. Cross infection

Rationale: cross infection is the transfer of harmful microorganisms, usually bacteria and viruses. The
spread of infections can occur between people, pieces of equipment, or within the body. These
infections can cause many complications. So, medical professionals work hard to ensure equipment
safety and a clean environment.

84. D. Instruct family members and caregivers to wear respiratory devices

Rationale: Respiratory Devices are not that implemented in patients with CAP but a standard mask for
airborne precaution.

85. A. Isolation is the separation of infected individual from those who are uninfected for the maximum
incubation period of a specific disease

Rationale: Isolation is the complete seperation on an infected person to prevent the spread of the
disease

86. B. Consumption Disease

Rationale: it doesn't have type of transmission as part of precaution.

87. C. Gown

Rationale: supposedly it is last worn first take off, since in the choices there's no gloves the next to be
remove is the gown.

89. B. Reservoir and Environment

Rationale: if we eradicate the breeding stirs of reservoir and environment the mode of transmission
between human will prevent, through this we can prevent the spreed of diseases.

90. C. Natural:Active
Rationale: The type of immnuization that is innate to humans or the transfer of mother to the newborn
through placenta or colostrum.

91. D. ANST before giving antitoxin

Rationale: it doesn't need to perform ANST before giving antitoxin.

92. A. Performing Moloney’s test to determine hypersensitivity to antidiphtheria antitoxin

Rationale: performing Maloney's test is not appropriate to test hypersensitivity to antidiphtheria

antitoxin it's serum therapy.

93. B. Laryngeal diphtheria

Rationale: Laryngeal diphtheria can lead to a characteristic swollen neck and throat, or "bull neck".

94. A. Maintain respiratory precautions and quiet environment for at least 2 weeks

Rationale: maintain respiratory precautions and quite environment must be all the time until the patient
is fully recovered.

95. B. Catarrhal stage

Rationale: Catarrhal period: 7 days paroxysmal cough followed by continuous or nonstop accompanied
by vomiting.

96. C. Disinfection

Rationale: It is the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms outside the body but not totally killing the
bacterial spores.

97. B. Alcohol

Rationale: Alcohol kills 99.9% of microorganisms and it is safe to use in skin tissue.
98. B. fomites

Rationale: an object that called fomites (such as a dish or a doorknob) that may be contaminated with
infectious agent like bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsia, chlamydia, and protozoa or parasites.

99. C. Incubation period

Rationale; Incubation period is from the acquisition of the disease to the onset signs and symptoms.

100. B. Incubation period

Rationale: because the client manifested the number of days between when you're infected with
something and when you might see symptoms.