Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • Potassium Release Pattern in Long Term Cropped and Fertilized Soils

    Uploaded by

    Dr Amrit Kumar Jha
    8 views3 pages
    Soil Chemistry

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Report this Document
    Soil Chemistry

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    8 views3 pages

    Potassium Release Pattern in Long Term Cropped and Fertilized Soils

    Uploaded by

    Dr Amrit Kumar Jha
    Soil Chemistry

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 3
    L190 Environment & Ecology 28 2A) : 1190 —1192, 2010 ‘© Copyright by MKK Publication 2010 ISSW 0970.0420 Potassium Release Pattern in a Long Term Cropped and Fertilized Soils MANISH KUMAR, RAJEEV KUMAR, BP. SINGH AND AMRIT KUMAR JHA. Department of Soll Science, Birsa Agricultural University ‘Ranchi 836006, India Abstract ‘An increase in the available potassium, water soluble, exchangeable and reserve K was observed with increase in level of potassium application and decrease inthe treatments where K was not been applied over years. Liming had positive influence on exchangeable and reserve forms of potassium. Organic ‘manuting along with balanced use of NPK fertilizers maintained higher amount of K in water soluble, exchangeable and reserve forms in soil compared to tht with NPK alone. The valve of step K, constant rate K and cumulative K release wer higher in soils where K was added alone or along with FYM and lower in soils receiving no K application. Water soluble K, reserve K, step K and cumulative K release were posi Key wore Long term mi Different forms of K and conditions responsible for controlling its availability to plants, knowledge of various forms of K in soil are important for sustaining reasonably high available K status. Alfisols are abun- dant in Fe, Al and Mn, which create nutrient imbal- ‘ance in the soil resulting inthe deficiency of certain plant nutrients, Step K constant rate K and other ‘chemical forms of potassium in sol are considered to be in dynamic equilibrium with each other, but infor- mation regarding dynamics of step K, constant rate K and chemical forms of K and effect of continuous cropping and nutrient use on forms of K is less un- derstood. ‘Methods A long-term fertilizer experiment with soybean- wheat crop rotation is in progress in an acid soil at the University farm, Ranchi since 1972. The experi- ment comprised 10 treatments and replicated four times, Surface Soils and plant samples were collected after harvest of soybean crop in 1999-2000 from each treatment of long term fertilizer experiment. Soil samples were analyzed by standard procedures. Po- tassium in soil extracted by different extractants i.e. water soluble K as per (soil : water 1:2 with2 hours shaking) (1), exchangeable potassium (soil : 1 N ‘NH,OAC 1 : 10 with ', hours shaking and reserve K oil: | NINO, 1 : 10 with 10 minutes shaking) fol- lowing Jackson (2). Non -exchangeable K was caleu- ly correlated with soil orgaic carbon content ring, Fertilization, Potassium release pattern, Alfisol. lated by subtracting the reserve K to ammonium ac- tate extractable K. Lattice K was calculated as the difference between total K and sum ofthe water soluble K, exchangeable K and non-exchange K, Step K and constant rate K were determined following Haylock (3) and McLean(1),. Results and Discussion Different forms of Potassium ‘There is significant increase in available potas- sium, water soluble K, exchangeable K, reserve K, non-exchangeable K, total K and lattice Kin the plots receiving K fertilization over contol, 100%NP or 100% ‘treatment (Table 1). Available K, water soluble K, exchangeable K, reserve K, non-exchangeable K, t0- tal K and lattice K varied from 24.0 to 87.1,6.9t0 15.6, 17.11071.9,299.5t0 571.5, 282.4 10499.6mgkg, 1.07 to 1.29 and 1.04 to 1.24% respectively. Forms of po- were increased with levels of potassium and FYM application. Forms of K were considerably er in the treatment 150% NPK + W and 100% NPK +FYM + W and lowest in control. The results showed that exclusion of K fertilizer drastically re- duced the available potassium. Similar results have ‘earlier been reported by Lal etal. (4). With 100% K fertilization, forms of K were atpar with each other except ammonium sulfate application, ‘The variation in total K and lattice K content in differ- ent treatments were less as compared to other forms 191 ‘Table 1. Effect of continuous cropping and fertilization on different forms of potasium ( during Lhrif of 1999-2000). Water ‘Now ‘Available K soluble Exch K exch K_ReseweK Tol Katie K ‘Treauments (mgfkg) ves) maka) (me) mgt) cy 50% NPK + W 637 los 533 325.5 380.8 MeL 100% NPK + W 190 BS 655 asa 5203 129124 130% NPK + W a4 182 ng 499.6 S73 120124 100% NPK + HW 780 140 64.0 4463 5103 127122 100% NPK+L+W 789 1B as 4364 499.2 127123 100% NP + W 210 82 188 3018 3206 14123 100% N+ W 24.0 69 m1 2824 299.5 LO tered 100% NPK + FYM+W 32.6 15.6 61.0 486.0 553.0 Ilene 100% NiSyPK + Wo 67.0 los. 56.2 339.8 369.0 Liltnee 1 Contro! 50.0 8 al 309.0 350.1 Fling Uneropped 360 86 ars 2762 323.6 nye, ‘of (exchangeable, reserve of non-exchangeable K), 1 implies that total or lattice K content of soil does not indicate the K supplying power of soil. Liming \NPK fertilizers maintained the higher level of K in water soluble, exchangeable and reserve forms com- pared to that with NPK alone. Potassium Release Pattern ‘Step K, constant K and cumulative K are the in- dices of potassium release pattem and potassium supplying capacity of a soil, representing the part of ‘non-exchangeable potassium which is availabe to the ‘Top in due course during crop growth condition. Table 2 reveals that maximum step constant rate and cumu- lative K values (400.2, 171.0 and 1,768.70 mg/kg) were found in 150% NPK + Wfollowed by 100% NPK + FYM+W G98.7,157.0and 1703.9 mg/kg) and lowest in 100% N+W (213.5, 85.0 and 953.5 mg/kg) which ‘was even lower than the control plot (255.2, 97 and 1113.5 mg/kg). Generally Step K, constant rate K and ‘cumulative K release increased with increasing level of potassium application, showing importance of K application to maintain potassium supply through- ‘ou the growing season. Liming along with NPK had negative influence on step K and constant rate K of soil but organic matter application along with NPK maintained high values of step K and constant rate K ‘compared to that wth NPK alone. Ammonium sulfate application adverse effect on step K and constant rate K. The higher value of step K, constant rate and ‘cumulative K indicated greater supplying capacity of K insoil. Similar results were found by Lal etal. (4). Correlation Studies ‘Table 3 shows that available K had positive and ‘Table 2. Effect of continuous cropping and fertilization on potassium release pattem. Co Come Cropping and fetes SepK — simeK lative K “Treatments It 2nd ae 4h sth th mga) (mek) (meh) 50% NPK + W 3834 268.0 209.0 169.3 123.0 260. 123.0 1275.74 100% NPK + W 520.1 321.0 4246.4 209.0 146.0 3741 145.0 1579.50 150% NPK +W S12 3425 271.0 2420 171.0 400.2 171.0 1768.70 100% NPK+HW $10.1 306.0 2480 218.0 149.0 3603 149.8 1573.70 100% NPK+L+W $000 300.0 240.0 2080 143.0 3570 143.0 15340 100% NP + W 325.0 2180 169.0 138.0 69.0, BSS 991 1025.3 100% N+ W 2985 2000 1570 128.0 85.0 2135 850 953.5 100% NPK +FYM 4W $357 335.0 2672 2320 157.0 3987 157.0 1703.9 100% N(S)PK+W 396.4 289.0 2010 17101100110. 286.4 110.0 1277.4 Control 3522 2360 1833 9709702552 9713.5 1192 ‘ KUMAR ET AL ‘Table 3. Value of coefficient of correlation among different soil properties. * Significant at $%, ** Significant at 196. ‘Water ‘Available soluble “Reserve Total_-=«=«Step_-—= Constant. Cumulative K K K K K K _rateK release uptake ‘Available K. Water sohble KK o.9see Reserve K asa Total K os Step K ogee 036 Constant rate K 0.93 029 ‘Cumulative K release 0.94 031 Organic carbon (0.56 030 0.68 CEC 0.33 028 0.67 Base saturation 0.51 0.16 046 . Chy% 0.04 021 0.04 significant relationship with water soluble K (0.95%), reserve K (7=0.92*%), step K (0.91**) ‘constant rate K (r=0.93**) and cumulative K release (0.94**), All forms of potassium were correlated Positively and significantly with each other except total K. Constant rate K, step K and cumulative K showed a highly significant positive relationship with

    You might also like