MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

2.4 Daya Gerak Elektrik dan Rintangan Dalam / Electromotive Force and Intermal Resistance

Hubungan-hubungan lain yang boleh diterbitkan daripada E = V + Ir atau E = IR + Ir

Other relationships that can be create from E = V + Ir or E = IR + Ir

! " #$I + E

kecerunan = – r E
gradient = – r
r = – kecerunan Hukum linear
r = – gradient Linear law
pintasan-y = E
y-intercept = E
I
0

1
R=E( %#$
I
R

kecerunan = E
gradient = E Hukum linear
pintasan-y = – r Linear law
y-intercept = – r 1
0 I
–r

1 1 r
= (R) +
I E E

1
kecerunan = 1
E
1 I
gradient =
E
Hukum linear
1
E= Linear law
Kecerunan
1
E=
Gradient
r
pintasan-y =
E
r 0 R
y-intercept =
E
r = E × Pintasan-y
r = E × y-intercept

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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

Contoh graf V melawan I : [Format Kertas 3 Soalan 2 : Analisis Graf]

Example of graph V against I : [Paper 3 Format Question 2 : Graph Analysis]

V/V
Graf V melawan I
Graph V against I

3.0

2V

2.0

1.5 V

1.0

0.9 I/A
0
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2

Hubungan: V = –rI + E

Relationship: V = –rI + E

(a) Daya gerak elektrik, E = 3.5 V [Dari pintasan-y]

Electromotive force, E = 3.5 V [From y-intercept]

(b) Kecerunan graf / Gradient of the graph =

:!
– " @-.//0 ! ?@- +5+) A or
-.: ?

(c) Rintangan dalam, r = # &'('$)*+* " #,#-.//0% " -.//0 1

Internal resistant, r = !"#$%&'()*) + ,-../0)*),../)1

(d) Tentukan I apabila V = 2.0 V / Determine I when V = 2.0 V

2'3+3)4 4*5'$673+84 9+$4 ! " :.;< 946'$73'=4 I " ;.> ?

By interpolation from V = 2.0, obtained I = 0.9 A

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 MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

Contoh graf R melawan 1 : [Format Kertas 3 Soalan 2 : Analisis Graf]

I
1
Example of graph R against : [Paper 3 Format Question 2 : Graph Analysis]
I

R/ 1
Graf R melawan 1 / Graph R against I
I
1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6
!"#$%

0.4

0.2

1
/ A–1
0 I
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

–0.2

0.5 A–1

Hubungan / Relationship:
-
E( %#$
R= I

(a) Pintasan-y = @ $ " @ ;.: 1

y-intercept = ")*) 2-3)1

Rintangan dalam, r = ;.: 1

Internal resistance, r = 2-3)1

(b) Kecerunan graf / Gradient of the graph =

-.BC D1E
" :.>/ D?1E +5+) A or V
;.F D?#-]

G " :.>/ !

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MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

Contoh graf 1 melawan R : [Format Kertas3 Soalan 2 : Analisis Graf]

I
1
Example of graph : [Paper 3 Format Question 2 : Graph Analysis]
I

1
1
/ A–1 Graf 1 melawan R / Graph I against R
I I

2.0

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0 1.6 A–1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

R/
0
1 2 3 4

#%

(a) Kecerunan / Gradient =

-./ D?#-]
" ;.B ?#- 1#-
B1

(b) Tentukan daya gerak elektrik, E / Determine electromotive force, E =

1
= &'('$)*+* A gradient " ;.B ?#-1#-
E
- -
E = &'('$)*+* A gradient = ;.B ?#-1#- " :.F ! +5+) A or ?1

(c) Tentukan rintangan dalam, r / Determine internal, r

r
% &'()*+*(,-%.%45%'(&"6&7()= " ;.: ?#-
E
r
" ;.: ?#-
:.F !
r = ;.F 1 +5+) A or !?#-

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 MODUL • Fizik TINGKATAN 5

S oalan Tambahan / Additional Questions

1 /0+012*%10()34%5*(%+04%607'(8%-*(8%5'82(*6*(%*5*4*9%+0'7*+"%:'()*(8*(%+0)'*;%10()34%'*4*9%<% %5*(%5*-*%
807*6%0406)7'6%=*8'%+0)'*;%+04%607'(8%'*4*9%!"<%>"%:'()*(8*(%5*4*1%+0)'*;%+04%'*4*9%?"@% "
899):;)(<&)=>9=)#'$)$"4)6&99?)>?&$)#"&)%$&'(%6#9-)@<&)"&?%?(#'6&):;)&#6<)=>9=)%?)A)1)#'$)(<&)&9&6(":B:(%C&);:"6&):;)&#6<)$"4)6&99)
KBAT
%?),-A)D)-)@<&)%'(&"'#9)"&?%?(#'6&):;)&#6<)6&99)%?)2-3)1-

Suis (a) Kira / Calculate:

Switch (i) rintangan berkesan bagi mentol-mentol di Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b)
L1
S1 hidup the effective resistance of the bulbs in Diagram (a) and Diagram (b)
S1 on (ii) jumlah arus yang mengalir dalam litar di Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b)
L2
S2 hidup !"#$%&'( #&)#*'++"( #,&-.(/#.(# !"#*.+*'. #.(#0.$/+$%#1$2#$(3#0.$/+$%#142
S2 off (iii) arus yang mengalir melalui mentol-mentol di Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b)
Rajah (a) / Diagram (a) !"#*'++"( #,&-.(/# !+&'/!# !"#4'546#.(#0.$/+$%#1$2#$(3#0.$/+$%#142
(iv) kejatuhan voltan kerana rintangan dalam di Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b)
the voltage drop due to resistance in the Diagram (a) and Diagram (b)
L1
S1 hidup (v) voltan merentasi mentol-mentol di Rajah (a) dan Rajah (b)
S1 on the voltage across the bulbs in Diagram (a) and Diagram (b).
L2
S2 hidup (b) Didapati bahawa mentol-mentol di Rajah (b) menyala dengan lebih malap
S2 off berbanding dengan mentol di Rajah (a). Terangkan. / It is noticed that the bulbs
Rajah (b) / Diagram (b) in Diagram (b) lights dimmer than the bulb in Diagram (a). Explain.

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