‘BIOLZ5sq/Exam S/Fall2011/poge 1 NAME only: BIOL2533 Cell Biology Fall 2011 EXAM 3 jernative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Remember the answers you give on the Scantron are the final | answers | accept. Each question worth 25 points. Return both the exam and scantron to me when you are finished. 1. An mRNA containing a GC stretch of nucleotides capable of forming a stem-loop structure that is followed by a stretch on U nucleotides is a signal for: ‘a. Rho-dependent transcription initiation . Rho-dependent transiation initiation e. Rho- independent translation termination ¢. Rho-independent transcription initiation 2. Select three posttranscriptional modifications often seen in the maturation of RNA polymerase | mRNAs in ‘eukaryotes: “a. 8- capping, poly(A) tal addtion, op b. 3'-capping, 5’ poly(A) tail addition, splicing ¢. removal of exons, insertion of introns, "capping 4d. 5-capping, 3' poly(A) tail addition and removal of exons e. heteroduplex formation, base modification and 5'-capping 3. The base sequence of the mRNA strand transcribed from a DNA template strand of the sequence T-G-G-A-G-C-A-C-A is: Ja/AC-G-U-C-G-U-G-U d. AC-AC-G-AC-G-U Bb. U-G-U-G-C-U-G-C-A e. impossible to state without knowing the 5’ and 3’ ends c. UGCAGCACA 4. Some tRNAs can recognize more than one codon because ther @ is a relaxation of the complementation rule of base pairing between the anticodon and the codon in the third position of the codon sequence. The relaxation in recognition is called: a. the Pribnow hypothesis 4. the anticodon hypothesis b. the Shino. pee Bypotrenl €. the codon pairing hypothesis 5. One of the pairs of codons show below would code for the same amino acid. Which pair of codons encode the same amino acid during translation? "a GUA and GUG 4d. UAG and UAC b. AUG and AUG e. all pairs would encode the same amino acid ¢, UAA and UAG 6. In prokaryotic MRNA, a particular base sequence (GGAGGA) exist about 5 nucleotides upstream of, Pg Star codon. This sequence is cometimes called the nbosome binding ste or Shine Dalgarno sequence” specifically interacts with this short nucleotide sequence? a. the initiation factor IF1 b. the ribosomal protein SB the ribosomal RINA (RNA) from the large ribosomal subunit “d. the ribosomal RNA (FRNA) from the small ribosomal subunit . the initiation factor 13NAME only: 7. How many amino acids are encoded by the following mRNA sequence: UAUCAUCCACUUGGUUGA? "as. c7, ej b6 4.3 8. The unique guanine triphosphate nucleotide that is bound at the 5' end of RNA polymerase Il mRNAS is frequently called the cap. What is the function(s) of the cap structure? a. increasing the susceptibility of the mRNA to degradation to remove it from the cell after translation. b. increase the stability of the mRNA to prevent degradation €. to signal that the initiation of transcription has completed. 4, to increase the rate of mRNA translation joth band d 9. When considering the packing of DNA within the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell arrange the following in or der of compactness from lowest to highest 1. nucleosome i 2. radial loop scattold 3. 30 nm (300 angstrom) fiber “ 4, DNA helix 4 2 (adiaz4 b. « 31,24 4. 10. In the Hershey and Chase experiment with bacteriophage designed to determine the molecule of heredity, what was radiolabeled with radioactive phosphate ("2P)? rotein ¢, RNA e.aandb INA rRNA 11. In the Fredrick Griffith 1928 experiment he injected mice with bacterial samples that were from the S-strain (virulent) and/or R-strain (nonvirulent) of Streptococcus pneumonia. Which of the following results is NOT consistent with Griffith's experiment? a. inject S-strain; mouse dios ». inject R-strain; mouse lives c.,inject heat killed S-strain; mouse lives * ject mixture of heat-killed S-strain and live R-strain; mouse lives ®. inject mixture of heat-killed R-strain and live S-strain; mouse dies 12. AnmRNA contains a coding sequence of 336 nucleotides, incl uding the initiator and termination codons. The number of amino acids in the protein translated from this mRNA would be: vad ©, 330 0.672 b.112 4.990 13. A synthetic mRNA of repeating sequence 5'-CACACACACACACACACA ....s translated in an artificial in vitro system. If we assume that protein synthesis can begin without the need for an initiator codon, what product or products would you expect to occur after protein synthesis? ‘one protein, consisting of a single amino acid b. three proteins, each consisting of a different single amino acid ¢. two proteins, each with an alternating sequence of two different amino acids d. one protein, with an alternating sequence of three different amino acids -@. one protein, with an alternating sequence of two different amino acidsBIOL2533,Exam 31 011/page 3 NAME only: 14. Tom/Tim and Tos/Tic protein complexes are involved in €. post-receptor recognition events in the cytosolic folding of proteins prior to import into mitochondria or chloroplasts b. pre-proteasomal steps in tagging aged proteins for degradation -¢. protein translocation into mitochondria and chloroplasts, respectively d. resetting biological clocks following rounds of intense protein synthesis @. none of the above 15. The primary RNA transcript of the chicken ovalbumin gene is 7,700 nucleotides in length; however, the ‘mature MRNA that is translated is only 1,872 nucleotides in length. The size difference occurs primarily as a result of: ‘a. MRNA 8'-capping 4d. nuclease degradation of the transcript b. cleavage of the polycistronic mRNA _@. RNA splicing ¢. reverse transcription 16. In prokaryotes, what component of the RNA polymerase molecule is responsible for the recognizing the promoter region of the DNA and positioning the RNA polymerase for transcription. a. TFIID ©. Rho factor " @. sigma factor b. alpha subunit d. Release factor 17. Which of the following is not true for tRNAs? a. contains modified bases . contains a CCA sequence for ester bond formation with an amino acid ©. has secondary structure important for interaction with the amino-acyl NA synthetase 4, has an anticodon loop that interacts with the appropriate codon of the m RNA " e.has an amino acid attachment site at the 5' end 18. Indicate the order of the following events in prokaryotic transcription from beginning to end: elongation termination promoter binding rho binding promoter unwinding gaepe a 451.23 6.5,3,4,1,2 2. 3,5,1,2.4 (b. 351,42 0. 451,23 (19. The ratio of adenine to thymine in DNA (is) , While the ratio of adenine to cyt ‘a. varies; 1:1 b. varies; varies 1; varies @. none of the above 45131 20. If 30% of the bases in a region of the mouse genome are cytosine, what percentage in that region are “PS adenine? a Ba ©. 40% 2. 60% ae 330% 4. 50% 4 {» 21. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the genetic code. Y a. the sequence is decoded 5' to 3’ “d. there are the same number of codons as b. the code is nonoverlapping ‘amino acids : c. the code is used by nearly all living organisms —_e. the code is degenerate #BIOL2532/Exam aFall201 page 4 NAME only: 22. Indicate if the following elements are more typical of eukaryotes (E) or prokaryotes (P). 4. splicing 2. polycistronic MRNAS 3.5' cap 4. 3' polyA tail 5. Shine-Delgarno sequence (ribosomal binding site) a EP EEE cBE66P bb EPEEP OEP PPE 23.4 s nucleosome is composed of (choose the best answer) 10 copies each of histone H2A, HEB. H3, and H4 and 146bp of DNA. two copies each of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 and 1460bp of DNA four copies each of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 and 146bp of DNA , four copies each of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 and 1460bp of DNA one copy of histone H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 and 146bp of DNA 24. The enzyme responsible for the removal of the phosphate group from glucose-6-phosphate generating glucose into the bloodstream is called glucose-6-phosphatase. It is located a. on the surface of the rough ER facing into the cytoplasm b. im the lumen of the smooth ER in the lumen of the rough ER the surface of the smooth ER facing into the cytoplasm 6. in the lumen of the lysosome 25. The signal for proteins in the high-mannose state of glycosylation to exit the rough ER and move to the cis-Golgi is: a. the presence of a phosphate group on the carbon- 6 of a mannose residue b. the sequence KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) at the C-terminus of the protein ‘the removal of the signal sequence by the signal pepti dase the removal of three glucose residues from the core glycosylation } ®. the phosphor ylation of the protein by a specific protein kinase 26. The rate limiting step for transcription by RNA polymerase Il in eukaryotes is? a. the binding of RNA polymerase Il to the TFIIA, 8, D complex at the promoter _ b. the binding of TFIID (TBP) to the promoter. c. the phosphorylation of RNA polymerase by TFIIH d. interaction of the sigma factor with the -10 box ®. interaction of TFIIB and TFIIA with TFIID (TBP) at the promoter 27. Approximately what percentage of the human genome sequence represents protein coding sequence | ‘and what percentage of the RINA inside the cell is RNA polymerase II generated mRNA. (eee c. 2 0% eigen Be 50%; 2% d. 25%; 25% 28. The specific targeting of proteins to the lysosome involves the following: “a)mannose-6-phosphate receptor j ‘6. glucose-1-phosphate receptor c. amphipathic alpha-helix at the N-terminus of the protein 4. hydrophobic signal sequence at the C-terminus of the protein .e-basic amino acid sequence with a proline in the middle such as KKRPK (Lys-Lys-Arg-Pro-Lys)‘BIOL 255:/Exam 3/Fall201 page 5 NAME only 29. In considering the Kozak consensus sequence for accurate AUG recognition in eukaryotic mRNA for translation, the following statem ent is most correct. a. The -4 and +3 positions are most important b. Only the presence of the AUG is important c. The -1 and +5 positions are most important he -3 and +4 positions are most important The position of the ribosomal binding site (Shine-Delgarno) is critical. 30. A tRINA has an anticodon with the sequence UCG written by standard convention. What would be the sequence of the complementary codon, assuming the standard conventions of writing codons and anticodons. a. CGA ©. GCU e. TCG _b. AGC d. UGC 31. During receptor-mediated endocytosis, the vesicle in internalized in clathin coated vesicles, then the ciathin is disassembled and the H+-ATPase pumps proteins into the vesicle in an ATP-dependent manner to acidifiy the vesicle. What is the role of vesicle acidification (drop in pH)? a. toallow the vesicle to mature into a lysosome b. cause the receptor to be degraded &, cause the ligand to be degraded _(d.) cause the receptor-ligand interaction to be disrupted . . both b and c protein glycosylation . storage of cellular calcium drug detoxification . hormone synthesis cc. membrane lipid biosynthesis 32. Wh} ne the following is not a function of the sm ooth endoplasmic reticulum: 33. Except for the Met-!RNA used in translation initiation, all 2NAs pass through the A, E, and P sites of the ribosome in a specific order. What is that order? a. Ato EtoP sites d. Pto E to A.sites b. PtoAtoE sites e. Eto PtoA sites _ c.AtoP toE sites 34. Which of the following DNA sequences could be a recognition site for a restriction enzyme: “a. G@CCGGCC c. GAATTG e, GCATAA b. AGGACTTA d. AACC, 35. The most abundant form of RIA is any cell is? a. hnRNAs TRNAS e. mRNAs b. tRINAS ‘d snRNAS 36. A protein is destined to be secreted from a cell. In which ofthe following organelles would you expect to find the protein first? "2 rough endopaamioreteuim 4. smoother endoplasmic raticulum Golgi apparatus e. lysosome ¢, mitochondria‘BIOL 25531Exam 3/Fall2011)page 6 37. Which of the following does not occur in the Golgi apparatus: ‘a. Sialic acid is added to glycoproteins proteins are sorted to the lysosomes ‘ore oligosaccharides (high mannose) are added. 1. both B and C all of the above ocour in the Golgi 38. Which of the following is not true for clathrin: a. is form by triskelions / b. is important in receptor-mediate endocytosis “ contains both clathrin heavy chains and light chains Lis important in phagocytosis concentrates the receptor-ligands at the cell surface before endocytosis 39. Oligosaccharide-protein transferase is found in the, and transfers an oligosaccharide ‘comprised of 9 mannose, 2-N-acetyi-glucosamine, and 3 glucose residues from to @. cytoplasm......vitamin A......glutamine b. cytoplasm......retinoic acid......lutamine 00th ER.....doichol.......asparagine Rough ER.......dolichol.........asparagine ’& Rough ER.....dolichol aspartic acid 40. A mutation in the DNA sequence can cause the translation of a faulty protein. Which of the following mutations would you consider to be the least disruptive to the folding and function of the protein. ® Aindaion a dltes or roves tbe pa fom 8 gre ruaton at neo base paro geo Ge) aitton at srs contquus bse paso a gee Amnsate algae Sedna bsp ego e. A mutation that deletes or removes 2 base pairs from a gene eas