1

LGA age baby born to a mother with gestational diabetes has issues with
breathing and and decreased tone in his arm. What is the cause of the
breathing and arm issue

LGA babies are at risk for birth trauma i.e. shoulder dystocia leading to
damaged 
-brachial plexus-->Erbs/Duchenne's palsy
-phrenic nerve-->hemidiaphragm-->trouble breathing
-->Dx: Ultrasound of chest/diaphragm

2
kid <2 years old with fever, runny nose, cough (URI symptoms) followed by
respiratory distress (cyanosis, retractions, nasal flaring, tachypnea
wheezing, crackles)

Bronchiolitis
<2 years of age
cause: RSV>parinfluenza, influenza
mech:inflamm of lower airways (bronchioles)

3
Bronchiolitis
-how to diagnose
-treatment

diagnose
-clinical signs (URI signs cough, sneezing, runny nose, then resp distress)
-chest xray: interstitial infiltrates, hyperinflation, atelectasis

4
lung empyema are usually in the setting of

Bacterial pneumonia
-xray: whiteout of the lung with loss of costophrenic angle
-def:accum of pus in the pleural space
-causes
1. bacterial pneumonia>rupture of lung abscess, extension of mediastinits,
5
child with recurrent hemoptysis, anemia, pneumonia, rapidly clearing chest
x-ray

idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis

hemoptysis-due to alveolar hemorrhage-->crackles

dyspnea-
anemia-due to loss of blood
occult blood stool loss-blood is swallowed and enters the GI tract

6
A child with pulmonary hemosiderosis with a hypersensitivity to
_______has this disease______

hypersensitiv. to cow's milk

Heiner syndrome
RX: dairy free diet

7
Dx for pulmonary hemosiderosis

bronchoscopy to obtain a bronchioalveolar lavage

findings-hemosiderin laden macrophages

8
croup like symptoms followed by toxic appearance, high fever

Bacterial tracheitis
Tx: Intubation+IV antibiotics

9
Croup vs Bacterial Tracheitis

Croup
-viral symptoms: low fever, inspir. stridor, seal like cough
-Rx: mild-cool mist, moderate-racemic epi+steroids
Bacterial tracheitis
-viral like symptoms of croup (or no viral like symptoms) then a high fever,
toxic appearance
-or croup like symptoms that don't respond to epi+steroids
-RX: intubate+IV antibiotics

10
cold for >10 days+fever+facial pain

rhinosinusitis

11
what is the first step in treating anaphylaxis

Airway intubation (not epi treatment)

12
Rule of 2s for asthma

Determines whether asthma is intermittent or persistent

-asthma attacks >2x per week
-use of rescue inhaler>2x per week
-nightime symptoms>2x per month

13
Rule of 2s for asthma

Determines whether asthma is intermittent or persistent

-asthma attacks >2x per week
-use of rescue inhaler>2x per week
-nighttime symptoms>2x per month

14
Neonatal conjunctivitis caused by: Neisseria vs Chlamydia

Neisseria gonorrhea
-purulent discharge, occurs 1st days of life
-toxic baby: septic, febrile
-RX: IM ceftriaxone
Chlamydia 
-watery eye discharge, occurs usually after 1st week of life
-nontoxic baby, nonfebrile
-RX: oral macrolide (for active infection), topical macrolide for prophylaxis

15
recurrent unilateral pneumonia in a healthy child

-foreign body aspiration

-on xray inspiration film normal, expiration film will see air trapping (blacker)
distal to the obstruction
Dx: bronchoscopy

16
kartegeners vs cf

kartegeners: dynein arm defect, bronhiectesis (recurrent pneumonias),

situs inversus, infertility

CF: (+) sweat test, diabetes (pancreatic insuff), infertility, malabsorption

(failure to thrive) recurrent pneumonias

17
cause of infertility in kartegeners vs cf

Kartegeners-dynein arm of cilia abnormal

men-sperm immotile
women-cilia in fallopian tubes abnormal, can't move egg normally

CF-male infertility: bc absence of vas deferens to due inspissated mucous

blocking vas deferens development-->obstructive azoospermia (sperm
have normal motility though)

18
acetaminophen or ibuprofen should be given to pts who experience febrile
seizures after taking antibiotics. T or F?

False
-antipyretics can reduce the antibody response to vaccinations
-antipyretics have not been shown to reduce fever or prevent febrile
seizures

19
boy is at a picnic and develops wheezing and inc work of breathing
-diagnosis
-treatment

anaphylaxis-type 1 hypersensitivity rxn

symptoms: wheezing, +/-hives, pruritis
treatment-IM epinephrine

20
point of maximum impulse is displaced to the right.....disease

Kartegeners (primary ciliary dyskinesia)

-PMI displaced to the right-->situs inversus
-sinusitis/pneumonias
-bronchiectasis

21
stress, trauma, dental procedures followed by facial swelling, colicky pain

hereditary angioedema=c1 inhibitor deficiency

-kallekrien-->bradykinin->angioedema
-C1-->angioedema
-Ci inhibitor inhibits both C1 and kallekrein
-without C1 inhibitor, increased bradykinin, dec C4 (C1 cleaves C4), dec
C1 inhibitor

22
CF mediated pneumonia
-in adults
-in kids

adults-pseudomonas-->RX: fluoroquinolones
peds-staph aureus-->for MSSA, strep cover with nafcillin, for MRSA cover
with vancomycin
23
complication of bacterial pneumonia

pleural inflammation->pleural effusions

-signs: loss of costophrenic angle
-fluid layering on lateral decubitus film

24
Name the B cell deficiencies and unique characteristics

Brutons x linked agammaglobulinemia

-tyrosine kinase deficiency->failure of pre B cell maturation into B cells
-dec B cells, dec in all Igs
-baby>6 months: bc for 1st 6 months there's maternal IgG protection

CVID
-milder version of brutons, recurrent sinopulm infections in teenager
--dec in all Igs, but normal B cells

IgA deficiency
-dec Iga, inc IgG and IgM which compensate so pt often asymptomatic
-after blood transfusion-->anaphylaxis

hyper IgM syndrome

-can't convert IgM to IgG
-inc IgM, dec IgG, IgA, IgE

25
CATCH 22

Digeorge syndrome-Chrom 22q11 microdeletion

C-cardiac abnormalities
A-abnormal facies: wide set eyes, low set ears
T-absent thymic shadow (no T cells)and absent parathyroid glands
C-cleft palate
H-hypocalcemia

26
what infections do pts with DiGeorge syndrome get
recurrent fungal and Pneumocystis pneumoniae-RX TMP, SMX

27
recurrent lung infections and skin abscesses

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)

-dihydrorotamine test and nitroblue test to check for neutrophil oxidative
burst (produce H2O2 function)

28
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

L-leuokocytosis-neutrophils trapped in bv bc of defective integrins

A-absent neutrophils in pus
D-delayed umbilical cord separation

recurrent 
-mucosal infections (periodontitis)
-skin infections: omphalitis, abscesses, cellulitis

1
Kid suffers a laceration to his flank, which diagnostic test should you use
CT-for trauma:ormally US is used to avoid radiation, but for trauma CT is
1st line to detect any GU lacerations, bleeding

2
baby boy hasn't urinated in the first 24 hours suprapubic mass
oligohydramnios
Posterior urethral valves-redundant membrane preventing urination -cant
urinate-->oligohydramnios -normal or higher Cr bc mom filters Cr
-suprapubic mass=enlarged bladder

3
how do you diagnose posterior urethral valves
straight catheter-to bypass the obstruction is both diagnostic and
therapeutic-->baby now pees Surgery-to remove excess tissue

4
why does an ectopic ureter only occur in girls
Boys-ectopic ureter implants above the ext urethral sphincter Girls-ectopic
ureter implants below the ext urethral sphincter often in the urethra-->never
been dry

5
13 yo boy with rhinorrhea, myalgia, fatigue, and fever has proteinuria on
urine dipstick, no hematuria,pyruria, or casts. what is the best next step
Repeat urine dipstick in 1 week. If (+) again then 2) do a 24 hr urine
protein, 3)renal biopsy if + to check for PSGN, IgA nephropathy, etc
-Takehome: febrile illnesses can cause transient proteinuria.

6
scrotal mass -transilluminate.... -no transillumination... -swelling through the
inguinal ring -bag of worms -acute painful swelling
hydrocoele: fail to close processus vaginalis testicular cancer inguinal
hernia varicocoele testicular torsion

7
baby has scrotal swelling that transilluminates. -diagnosis -RX
Diagnosis: hydrocoele-patent processus vaginalis RX: reassurance bc
most close by 1 yr. After 1 yr then perform surgery

8
what is the inciting event in potter sequence
urinary tract abnormality-->dec urine output P-pulmonary hypoplasia-bc
amniotic fluid (urine) is req for lung development O-oligohydramnios (dec
amniotic fluid due to dec urine output) T-twisted face T-twisted skin E-
extremity defects R-renal failure
9
Pt with a family history of sickle cell who doesn't have the disease has
hematuria
Renal papillary necrosis-occurs in people with sickle cell trait

10
sickle cell trait renal complications
renal papillary necrosis-painless hematuria renal medullary cancer-bc renal
papilla are in the medulla hyposthenuria-secrete dilute urine due to damage
to the medullary vasa recta causing loss of concentrating ability distal renal
tubular acidosis-

11
when is renal biopsy in kids indicated
-any type of nephritic syndrome -nephrotic syndrome that hasn't responded
to steroids -nephrotic syndrome in kids >10 yrs

12
pt has puffy face, pretibial edema, proteinuria >3 g/day, dec albumin.
-disease -next step in management
-disease=minimal change disease -next step-give steroids bc mech is a T
cell attack against podocytes

13
sickle cell trait+ excess urination
hyposthenuria=produce excessive dilute urine due to damage of the

14
can't see can't pee can't hear a bee
Alport syndrome: X linked defect in type 4 collagen->splitting of the BM
-eye isssues -hematuria -sensorineural hearing loss

15
hematuria+abdominal pain+bruising on legs, buttocks
Henoch Schonlein Purpura (IgA vasculitis) -hematuria+IgA nephropathy
signs (hematuria, RBC casts):IgA deposition in the mesangium of kidney
-abdominal pain: IgA in the visceral vessels -palpable purpura skin: IgA in
the skin
16
abdominal mass that crosses the midline
Neuroblastoma

17
abdominal mass that doesn't cross the midline
Wilm's tumor (nephroblastoma)

18
Treatment of Strep pharyngitis prevents both PSGN and acute rheumatic
fever
Prevents acute rheumatic fever only, not PSGN

19
what imaging study is done to examine for renal function, scarring
Renal scintigraphy -ex: vesicouteral reflux pt diagnosed via VCUG,
monitored for renal insufficiency, renal scarring via renal scintigraphy

20
child younger than 10 yrs and older than 10 yrs with nephrotic syndrome,
how should they be evaluated
child <10 yrs-clinically, given steroids child>10 yrs-renal biopsy to (rule out
other nephrotic diseases), steroids

21
most common cause of proteinuria in kids
Transient proteinuria-usually during a febrile illness (malaise, rhinorrhea
-incidental finding on urine dipstick -perform a repeated urine dipstick -if (+)
then do a 24 hour urinary protein for confirmation -if (+) consider renal US
and renal biopsy

22
how to collect urine samples in -diapered kids -kids \

diapered kids-catheter, or aspiration of urine from the bladder kids-careful

clean catch

23
Name the 3 types of renal tubular acidosis with their characteristic findings
24
7 yo Little boy with nightime bedwettting
Primary nocturnal enuresis
-kids >5 yrs old never achieved nightime dryness
-family history
-RX:
eneuresis alarms: #1 most effective, but takes 3-4 months to take effect
desmopressin (ADH)-prevents eneuresis at night, immediate effect but high
rate of relapse @ stopping
-dec fluids b4 bedtime
-void b4 bedtime
1
Neonate with poor feeding and lethargy, suspect....

neonatal sepsis
JACL PT
-jaundice, abnormal WBC count (high or low), CNS (lethargy, irritable,
apnea), left shift (bandemia), poor feeding, temp instability (fever or
hypothermia)

2
neonate with hypothermia, lethargy, poor feeding. What is the order of
treatment/diagnostic steps

1. take blood, urine, CSF cultures first

2. empiric antibiotics: ampicillin (listeria), gentamycin (Gm -), enterococci
until cultures return

-if neonate is acutely ill, admin antibiotics first

3
Encapsulated bacteria
Please-pseudomonas
SHINE-strep pneumo, h flu, influenza, neisseria, e.coli
my
SKiS-salmonella, klebsiella, strep group b

4
sickle cell pt with fever, chills.
-diagnosis
-what is the likely bug
-RX

sepsis
Encapsulated: esp strep pneumo (even when vaccinated)
RX: penicillin+always take penicillin prophylaxis

5
Kid develops a maculopapular rash a week after receiving the MMR
vaccine

live attenuated vaccine type measles=does not equal wild type measles
-milder form, still contagious so avoid contact with immunocomp people
-RX: self-limited, reassurance

6
papular lesion+ipsilateral lymphadenopathy+cat exposure

Bartonella 
rx: macrolide (azithromycin)

7
LAD in the RLQ+abdominal pain

Mesenteric adenitis
-salmonella-contact with turtles
-yersenia
-

8
bacterial sinusitis #1 predisposing risk factor
viral URI

9
kid with rhinorrhea, cough, congestion for 10 days followed by prurulent
discharge...

viral infection that led to bacterial sinusitis

-viral illness causes mucosal inflamm preventing ciliary clearance
-Rx: amoxicillin+clavulonate

10
swelling anterior to the ears that obscures the angle of the mandible.....

parotitis
-Mumps
--parortitis, orchitis, aseptic meningitis, otalgia (ear pain)

11
complications of otitis media

facial n. palsy
mastoiditis

12
Cat bites vs Cat scratches 
-organism
-rx

cat bite-pasteurella, treat with amoxicillin clavulonate

cat scratch-bartonella, treat with macrolide (azithromycin)

13
meningitis+petechial rash

Neisseria meningitides

14
acute otitis media vs serous otitis media

acute otitis media

-acute inflamm signs: fever, bulging tympanic membrane

serous otitis media

-no acute inflamm signs (no bulging TM), no fever
-effusions

15
tetracyclines should be avoided in kids under age

under age 8 and pregnant women

16
peds drug of choice for lyme disease

amoxicillin or cefuroxime

-avoid tetracyclines under 8 yrs of age bc of risk of teeth discoloration

17
4 yo girl with vaginal and anal pruritis at night

Entomeba vermicularis
-Dx: tape test on anus
-RX: albendazole or pyrantel pamoate

18
girl with vaginal and anal pruritis throughout the day and night, bleeding,
ecchymosis

lichen sclerosis
-thinning skin
-

19
baby with hypoplastic nails and digits
fetal hydantoin syndrome-phenytoin teratogen

20
kid with history of neglect, abuse now in adopted and doesn't respond
emotionally to them

reactive attachment disorder

-kid with hx of neglect, institutionalization, many foster homes
-seldom seek comfort and don't respond when caregivers give comfort to
them

21
when are arterial lines used

arterial lines
-BP monitoring
-Drawing for labs
-NOT FOR: fluid resuscitation

22
discuss the types of IV lines that can be used for emergency fluid
resuscitation

#1 peripheral IV line
#2 interosseus (IO) line
- big bones i.e. tibia-->advantage, it's away from the sternum (in case of cv
resusc)
-contraindications: cellulitis over the area, fracture, bone fragility
(osteogenesis imperfecta)

23
primary amenorrhea causes
-no uterus:
-yes have a uterus

no uterus: do a karyotype
-mullerian agenesis: normal female testosterone levels, 
46 XX
-androgen insensitivity syndrome:male testost levels, 
46XY

yes have uterus: do pelvic ultrasound to rule out GU anatomy issues

-turners syndrome

24
teenage girl who is anemic loses her period. why

calorie restriction=functional hypothalamic amenorrhea-->(-) hpo axis-->dec

LH, FSH,

25
girl taking corticosteroids develops cushings and experiences amenorrhea.
why

steroids (-) GnRH-->dec LH, FSH

26
tourette syndrome
-characteristics
-RX

-both motor and vocal tics (don't have to occur concurrently)

RX
-habit reversal training (behavioral0
-antidopaminergic (best pharm therapy): tetrabenazine (dopamine deleter),
antispychotic (DA receptor blocker)
-alpha adrenergic:guanfacine, clonidine (don't work as well)

27
Teenage girl with tender breast lump right before menses
-what is it
-Dx

Fibroadenoma: single, solitary, mobile mass inc pain/size before menses

Dx: re-examine @ menses to see if the mass decreases in

size/tenderness. If yes-->re-assure

28
criteria for primary amenorrhea

>13 yo, no secondary sex charact.

>15 yo, yes secondary sex charact.

29
another name for Plan B

levonorgestral=Plan B
-can give to teen girls to prevent pregnancy (this is not abortion)
-most states allow Plan B for teens

30
most states allow confidential care for teens for what...

STIs, pregnancy, prevention of pregnancy (plan B, contraception)

31
brick dust/pink stain in a neonae's diaper

Uric acid crystals-uric acid levels are higher at birth. NORMAL

32
at what age does imaginative play occur

-ages 3-6 yrs, but throughout elementary school is normal

-consists of:imaginary friends, storytelling, play dress up
-does NOT interfere with making friends

33
Teen girl with abnormally heavy periods that only occur every few months. 

immature HPA axis ca.uses inadequate hormone secretion causing no

ovulation-->no CL so no progesterone, only estrogen-->inc proliferation
leading to breakthrough bleeding

34
Teen girl with abnormally heavy periods that only occur every few months
-DX
-RX

estrogen injections or combo estrogen/progesterone pills-estrogen will stop

bleeding and maintain the endometrium

35
Characteristics of Rett Syndrome

-X linked MEP2 gene, in girls

-developmental regression at 1 yr
-stereotypic hand movements
-gait issues
-head growth deceleration

36
Tourette syndrome highest assoc comorbidities

Tourettes, OCD, ADHD

37
Mullerian agenesis (Mayer Rokitansky syndrome)

-failure of the mullerian duct to develop->no uterus, blind ended vagina (no
upper vagina), present ovaries (so normal FSH)
-

38
what followup should be done in androgen insensitivity syndrome

Gonadectomy-remove the testes to prevent malignancy

Gender identity counseling

39
mild cramping during ovulation

Mittelschmerz-ovarian rupture causing follicular fluid to release and irritate

the peritoneum
FLASHCARDS IN DERM+RHEUM DECK (18):
1
milia vs sebaceous hyperplasia

milia-whitish papules of epithelioid cysts (keratinocytes) on face

sebaceous hyperplasia-more yellowish papules on face, nose, due to

maternal androgen levels

2
erythema toxicum neonatorum
-assoc with

eoisinophilia
transient erythematous diffuse rash in neonates
-no treatment needed

3
sebaceous nevi

yellowish-orange hairless plaque

scalp
can become malignant

4
toddler wakes up everynight and parents come in feed him and he goes
back to sleep

learned behavior (a type of behavioral insomnia)

5
kid screams during the night and parents can't wake her

night terrors
-non rem sleep
-autonomic arousal
-seem awake but unresponsive
-can't be calmed down
6
kid crying and wakes up upset during sleep

nightmare
-rem sleep
-scary dream wakes them up

7
cornelia de langue

bushy eyebrows, hairy, short limbs, VSD, undescended testes, MR

8
name acute phase reactants

ESR, CRP, platelets

9
juvenile rheumatoid arthritis-what causes anemia

anemia of chronic disease-inflamm of synovial joints causes hepcidin to

prevent Fe absorption and inc storage
-inc ferritin
-inc Igs 
-anemia (microcytic hypochromic anemia)
-inc Acute phase reactants: ESR, CRP, platelets (thrombocytosis)

10
another name for mongolian spots

congenital dermal melanocytosis

-flat blue grey patches on the lower back
-can be mistaken for child abuse

11
very itchy rash that starts on the hands then spreads to
scabies
-love the interdigit spaces in the hands
-periumbilicus, axilla, groin
-erythematous papules, vesicles, exoriactions (scratching)

12
Treatment for scabies

Ivermectin, permethrin

13
palpable step off of the lumbosacral spine
back pain
neurologic issues (incontinence)

Spondylolisthesis
-slippage of one vertebra over the other causng nerve compression
-step off=misalignment of the vertebra that can be felt on exam

14
child with
-short webbed neck
-short posterior hairline
-sprangel deformity (high scapula)
-cervical spine fusion

congenital fusion of 2 cervical vertebrae

-C1-C2 fusion can cause atlantoaxial intability

15
what side effect does isotretinoin have on fats

Inc triglycerides, dec HDL

16
pediculosis capitis aka

head lice
RX: permethrin
17
neonate-erythematous maculopapular rash with pustules that transiently
appears and disappears

erythema toxicum-resolution in 7-14 days. spares palms and soles

18
pustular melanosis vs erythema toxicum

both have pustules

-erythema toxicum spares hands and soles

-pustular melanosis can be on hands soles, hyperpigmented macules,

common in af american babies

Congenital syphilis early manifestations

Jaundice: anemia
maculopapular rash (palms of soles)
lymphadenopathy
rhinitis
chorioretinitis
hepatosplenomegaly
Osteochondritis
congenital nephrosis

2
Late manifestations of congenital syphilis

saber skins
keratitis
Hutchinson teeth
saddle nose
deafness

3
mc predisposing factor for acute bacterial sinusitis

Viral URI

4
Complications of sinusitis

orbital cellulitis w/ intracranial extension

5
First line Rx for acute bacterial sinusitis

amoxicillin plus Clavulanic acid

6
Herpangina is what

Coxsackie A virus

7
typical age of herpangina and what season
3-10 yrs
Summer/early fall

8
C/F of herpangina

Fever, pharyngitis
gray vesicles/ulcers on posterior oropharynx

9
Rx of herpangina

supportive management

10
Herpetic gingivostomatitis is what? age?

HSV1
6 months to 5 yrs

11
HSV1 C/F

fever, pharyngitis
Erythematous gingiva
clusters of small vesicles on anterior oropharynx/lips

12
Rx herpetic ging....

acyclovir

13
Stept pyogenes c/f in pharyngitis

fever, pharyngitis
tender anterior cervical LAD
tonsillar exudates!
14
2 year old kid has comes in with respiratory distress, hypotensive, 37.7C,
coughing, 98% saturation RX with o2. DX is laryngotracheobronchitis, he
begins to decline and 92% sat with 40RPM....
whats the next step?

Give racemic epinephrine in cases of croup before intubation

Epi: acts by a adrenergic(reduce bronchial secretions/ mucosal edema)
and beta adrenergic (relax smooth muscle)

15
Immunizations in kids should be given according to

chronological age

16
Standard Inactivated (killed) Pediatric vaccine (2)

Polio
Hep A

17
Standard Toxoid (inactivated toxin) Ped vaccine (2)

Diptheria
tetanus

18
Standard Subunit/conjugate Peds Vaccine (7)

Hep B
Pertussis
Haemophilus Influenzae type b
Pneumococcal
Meningococcal
HPV
Influenza (injection)
19
Live attenuated standard ped immunization (4)

Rotavirus
MMR
Varicella
Influenza (nasal)

20
Preterm newborn is good to receive vaccines according to (1) but one
exception (2)

1. chronologic age
2. weight should be above 2 kg before 1st hep b vaccine

21
Neonatal tetanus general onset

Onset w/in first 2 weeks

22
Neonatal tetatnus signs and symptoms

poor suckling and fatigue

followed by rigidity, spasms and opisthotonus

23
Mortality in tetanus is due to

1st week: apnea

2nd week: septicemia

24
Child with painful non-itchy pustules and honey crusted lesions

Non-bullous Impetigo
25
Child with Rapidly enlarging flaccid bullae with yellow fluid; "collarette" of
scale at the periphery of ruptured lesions

Bullous Impetigo

26
Treatment of Impetigo

Non-bullous: topical antibiotic: mupirocin

Bullous: oral anti: cephalexin, dicloxacillin, or clindamycin

27
Impetigo cause

S. Aureus (both)
S. pyogenes(non- bullous)

28
Epiglottitis classic presentation

High grade fever

sudden-onset resperiratory distress
dysphagia and drooling
Stridor (tripoding- leaning forward)

29
Rx of acute epiglottitis

OR- endotracheal intubation

unsucceful- Emergency tracheotomy

30
Differentiate btw periorbital and orbital cellulitis

Periorbital is before the orbital Septum; Orbital cellulitis:

-Opthalmoplegia,
- Pain w/ mvt
- Proptosis
- vision impairments

31
Anterior uveitis c/f

Red eye, pain and blurry vision

also Pupil defects, corneal precipitates and leukocytes

32
Causes of anterior uveitis

trauma
infection 
AI disease

33
rx orbital cellulitis

IV antibiotics to cover s. aureus

may require drainage

34
Conjunctivits C/f

inflammation of conjunctiva: erythema, exudate

No proptosis, pain w/ mvt, or vision loss

35
Congenital Toxoplasmosis (7)

Hydrocephalus, microcephaly
chorioretinitis
Intracranial calcifications
hepatomegaly
diffuse LAD
jaundice
diffuse petechiae
36
risk of transmission during pregnancy increase as pregnancy progresses
but severity of...

neonatal disease decreases

37
Congenital syphilis C/F (6)

intermittent fever
osteitis osteochondritis
mucocutaneous lesions
LAD
hepatomegaly
persistent rhinitis

38
Congenital rubella (3ish)

Oko, ucho i serducho

Congenital glaucoma
sensorineural deafness
cardiac anomalies(PDA, ASD)
microcephaly, microphthalmia, meningoencephalitis

39
Congenital Herpes (3)

encephalitis
chorioretinits
disseminated disease

40
Neonatal conjunctivitis: first 24 hrs

Chemical prob from Silver nitrate 

Rx: supportive management
41
Neonatal conjunctivits day 2-5

Gonococcal

42
Gonoccocal conjunctivitis findings

Marked eyelid swelling/exudates

Profuse purulent discharge

43
Gonococcal conjunctivitis Rx

IV or IM ceftriaxone or cefotaxime

44
Nenatal conjunctivitis day 5-15

Chlamydial infection

45
Chlamydial conjunctivitis C/F

Mild to moderate swelling of eyelids

thickened, injected conjunctivae (chemosis)
Watery or mucopurulent eye discharge
Blood stained eye discharge is highly characteristic
Conjunctival pseudomembrane

46
Rx chlamydial conjunctivitis

oral erythromycin
(only macrolide used for chlamydial conjunctivitis)