Quiz 2

Introduction to Agriculture and Sustainable Development

1. The agricultural sector in the country is characterized by economic dualism. Economic dualism
refers to _________.
The division between the private sector and the public sector in the conduct of economic affairs
The distinction between producers and consumers in an economy in such a way that these two
main economic actors are exhibiting opposition with each other;
The effect of too strict regulations imposed by the government on taxing incomes of workers
and companies operating in the agriculture sector;
The existence of two separate economic sectors within one country, divided by different levels
of development, technology, and different patterns of demand;
I and III only;
II and IV only;
All of the above;
None of the above

2. We can observe that corporations in the agriculture, food and beverage sector are growing
larger and larger. Give one reason for this based on the concepts we discussed. (one sentence
only)

3. What does it mean for a company to control its backward and forward linkages? Explain in 3
sentences

4. What causes small farmers to remain poor for the long term?
They rarely expand their production, they just cultivate a small piece of land for most of their
lifetime;
They don’t own the land they are cultivating;
The income they are earning from the land is barely sufficient to cover their living expenses;
They are being harassed by large corporations and the media;
I and IV only;
I, II and III;
All of the above;
None of the above

5. What is meant by general backwardness especially for those who work in the rural farming
sector. (explain in one sentence)

6. Which of the following are reasons why women in the agriculture sector are considered
disadvantaged
 Womens’ economic contribution are not valued properly;
Their role as income allocators through the management of household activities are not
accounted;
They lack the necessary skills are just seen as “additional mouths to feed” in the household;
They are not capable economic agents (ie. they cannot even buy or sell agricultural produce);
I and II only;
III and IV only;
All of the above;
None of the above

7. Choose TWO issues that the agriculture sector currently faces and upload a picture that best
describes these issues. (one cannot post 2 pictures for one issue, for example environmental
and climate change issues (a) drought and (b) flooding)).
Write a one to two sentence motto or slogan that best describes the main issue you are
presenting.

Criteria
Clarity of message – 25%
Relevance to the topic – 25%
Originality of IDEA – 25%
Uniqueness/catchiness of the phrase – 25%

8. What is meant by economic mal-development? (one sentence/phrase)

9. Which paradigms are part of the sustainability paradigm?

Social Equity;
Financial Stability;
Economic Viability;
Trade Expansion;
Environmental Sustainability;
I, II and III;
II and IV;
I, III and V;
All of the above

10. What is the Sustainable Development Goal on Agriculture? (one sentence/phrase)

11. According to the “Future of food and agriculture Alternative pathways to 2050” publication of
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), in order to achieve sustainable development, the
“business as usual” strategy or approach is no longer an option, what does this mean? What are
the implications for this? (explain in no longer than 5 sentences)