What makes teaching speaking difficult?

 Clustering- because the fluent speech is phrasal, learners should organize their output both
cognitively and physically through such clustering.
 Redundancy- through redundancy, speaker has a chance to make his speech clearer.
 Reduced forms- students who don’t learn colloquial contractions, elisions, reduced vowel etc. can
sometimes develop stilled, bookish quality of speaking that in turn stigmatize them.
 Performance variables- the process of thinking is one advantage of spoken language because
learner’s can learn how to pause, hesitate, backtracking, and corrections.
 Colloquial language- the learners should understand the colloquial language in order for them to be
able to use it in their speaking practice.
 Rate of Delivery- delivery is another salient characteristic of fluency. Your job is to help the learners
achieve an acceptable speed along with other attributes of fluency.
 Stress, rhythm, and intonation- the stress-timed rhythm of spoken English is most crucial
characteristic of English pronunciation because it conveys important message.
 Interaction- Learning to produce waves of language in vacuum (without interlocutors) would rob
speaking from its richest component: the creativity of conversational negotiation.