CELLO, Book Two A STRING CLASS METHOD. (for Class or Individual Instruction) IN THREE BOOKS BY SAMUEL APPLEBAUM Published for ViOUN BASS ViOlA IANO ACC CEO TEACHER'S MANUAL ta: : . CELLO The Belwin String Builder Book Two by Samuel Applebaum FOREWORD ‘The Belwin String Builder is a string class Method in which the Violin, Viola, Cello and Bass play together throughout. Each book, however, is a complete unit and may be used separately, for class or individual instruction, Volume II opens with a brief review of Book I. The basic bowings are presented—the détaché and the martelé in different parts of the bow in the keys of C, G, D, F and B flat major. ‘The material in this volume is carefully chosen for its musical interest and its technical value, Tere are a number of duets which are to be played by either two pupils or with the clase divided into two Sroups. There also are a number of melodies in which the claas becomes a string ensemble, each instru- tment playing a different pert, A small “p” after the number indicates that there is a piano part for that melody. SS TECHNICAL PROGRESSION ‘The C Major Scale... More Melodies In C Major We Build A Major Scale More Melodies In G Major ‘We Lower A Tone . ‘More Melodies In F Major 2.02000 210010.21) Preparing For A New Rhythm—The Dotted Quarter Note | ‘Melodies With The Dotted Quarter and Eighth Note In One More Melodies With Dotted Quarters and Eighths . ... Melodies Combining The Détaché Below and Above The ‘We Build A Major Scale On ‘The Note D More Melodies In D Major ... How To Go From One String To ‘More Melodies That We Have Heard... ‘The Left Hand—Melodies To ‘Strong We Build A Major Scale On The Note B Flat ‘More Melodies In The Keys We Have Studied Melodies Using The Extended Position . We Accent Certain Notes To Make Our More Melodies Using The Martelé Playing Two Strings At The Same Time ‘Two Martelé Notes In One Bow . ‘The Grand Martelé—~The Whole Bow A New Rhythm—Six-Eight Time More Melodies In Six-Eight Time Beautiful Melodies In The Keys More Smooth String ing . Developing Fourth Finger Independ ‘A Well Developed Fourth Finger : —.. F (© 1960 (Renewed 198) BELWIN-MILLS PUBLISHING CORP ‘Al Rights Assgaed wo and Coauoled by ALFRED PUBLISHING CO. INC. ‘All Rights Reserved Seesonsond SguBNBRRBREBS 8THE C MAJOR SCALE We call it C Major because it starts on C, In every Major scale there 1s a half-step between the 3rd and 4th notes, and the 7th and éth notes. Leave a slight pause for phrasing at each comma (9). Lift the bow and start down-bow at the alanted lines (//)- ‘When the 2nd finger is a half-step from the ist finger, the 4st and 2nd fingers must be squared and placed practically at right angles with the fingerboard. piez. step Little Brown Jug ‘The notes marked with crosses (+) are played pizzicato with the left hand. ‘Moderato ~ Piay this in moderate time (Key of C) ‘TRADITIONAL, THE DETACHE BOWING ABOVE the MIDDLE of the BOW (A.M.) ‘The Détache bowing is 2 smooth stroke which we may play in any part of the bow, Above the middle ‘we use only the forearm from the elbow. Draw the bow parallel to the bridge. The C Major Scale with the Détaché Bowing A;M. ~sbove the middle of the bow t 2 + Moderato (Key of C) Scotland's Burning ROUND IN FOUR PARTS a. a THREE FOUR 5 ° fo At the start of this book. the pupils may join the string orchestra aud play from the bouk CONCERI FOR STRING ORCHESTRA by Samuel Applebaum. . a E.L.1552MORE MELODIES in C MAJOR Play in any part of the bow. Blue Bells of Scotland Moderato SCOTCH FOLK SONG y = f y The Cuckoo Allegro ~ means quickly and lively. GERMAN FOLK SONG 5 n n Co) ==, p? SLURRING TWO 8th NOTES in a BOW Play the 8th notes smoothly and evenly. Use the same amount of bow for each &th note. 1 A Little Song ‘Andante - slowly - a slow walking rate of speed. JOHN WILKES i GOTT FROST, he snes of 6 a0 D wal ay now Be Wied ne folowing yma, Te wes waned UNTO J ree Ri yes dae tac “sah pe bemetn coh mvt wane he a ey E,L.1882WE BUILD A MAJOR SCALE on the NOTE G Notice the sharp before the note F. We raise the F so that there will be a half-step between the ‘Ith and 8th notes. When we build a Major scale on G, every F will be sharped. The G Major Scale A.M, = above the middle tip Xf we place a sharp in the signature on the line F, it will mean that every F throughout the piece will be raised. The G Major Scale with the Détaché Bowing A, = eto ta i cle gone coe tte shove ot. er — ph — ESS Ss a a f SoS a A Song of Praise In this melody, the bow is to be drawn quickly on the up-bow and slowly on the down-bow. Moderato (Key of G) "cM. ~ above the middle i 4H.G, NAGELL WP. Moderso (Key of 6) Morris Dance AM. OLD ENGLISH FOLK DANCE —“. > rn E.L, 1852 rit,MORE MELODIES in G MAJOR The Fishy Scales (Duet) Allegretto ~ Moderately quick. A bit slower than Allegro. C. HOHMANN a B es Wie Happy Days OLD FRENCH FOLK DANCE o> —_ 2s fs P t rit. Moderato Awake, My Soul AM -— P.H. BARTHELEMAN 5P t rit. THE DETACHE BELOW the MIDDLE of the BOW (B.M.) Below the middle we use the side of the hair with the stick tilted slightly towards the scroll. When ‘we play fromthe frog to the middle, use the upper arm with the forearm remaining flexible so that the bow will be drawn parallel to the bridge. Allegreno She'll Be Comin’ Round the Mountain HILL BILLY SONG BLM, ~ below the middle aa . 16? ft a In DUETS FOR STRINGS, Volume Il by Samuel Applebaum, the pupils sill fr with classmates, or with members of their family. These may be Played with Viola, Cello or Bass. Playing dncis is lots of fam find many fovely duets 10 Pla Presber Violin E.L, 1852WE LOWER A TONE ‘A flat lowers a tove a balf-step. Here we flat the ist finger on the A, D, and G strings. The ist Linger is flattened out and moved upward close to the nut without leaving the string. The thumb {9 to remain under the 2nd finger. However, with the 2nd finger we use the square placing of the fingst which means that it is to be at right angles with the strings. Do not move the left thumb or wrist ‘when you slide the iat finger from the flat position to the natural position. 22 Cie & A MAJOR SCALE STARTING on F Notice the flat before the note B. We lower the B so that there will be a half-step between the Srd and 4th notes. When we build a Major scale on F, every B will be flatted. The F Major Scale B.M. ~ below the mid 1 ee peri > ae 7 pe Sp se Ir we place a flat in the signature on the Line B, it will mean that every B throughout the plece will be lowered. The B flats are played with the 2nd finger on G and the ist finger on A. The F Major Scale with the Détaché Bowing teen The Milkmaid BLM, ~ below the middle GERMAN FOLK SONGMORE MELODIES in F MAJOR Long, Long Ago Andantiso —~abitfaster than Andante. ‘THOMAS H. BAYLY n n * Allegre The Farmer ENGLISH SINGING GAME oe ooh 2 rm Agree Up on the House-Top o a THE WHOLE BOW DETACHE (W.B.) ‘When we reach the middle of the bow, the upper arm remains stroke to the tip of the bow. The bow must at all times be quiet andthe lower arm continues the drawn parallel to the bridge. Farewell Moderato W.B, = oe bow tee ©. HORMANN a t Tact os as EIR ESSE TIGR mes ee WEEE OES aa aL ee Wa lke EL, 1852PREPARING for a NEW RHYTHM - THE DOTTED QUARTER NOTE AM. Count Tend 2 and a Count and 2 and Where there are no bowing indications you may play in any part of the bow. Count Land? and Dotted Quarter Notes ‘A dotted quarter note receives one and one half counts. The eighth note that follows will make up the other half of the 2nd beat. Both notes together will receive two counts. Count ‘‘one and two"? for the dotted quarter note. ‘The eighth note will be the “‘and” of the 2nd beat. Move the bow a bit faster for the eighth notes. Count 1 and 2 and The Muffin Man Moderato (Key of 6) ‘TRADITIONAL America the Beautiful Melody ‘Our class becomes a string ensemble. SAMUEL A. WARD , 4 Moderato (Key of C) y 7 > Each pupil is now ready to play the first Cello solo for schoo! demons ix is MINUET by 1 5. Bch. posible the indie solos should Be mewn tH Tecilal: Iti called the E.L. 1862» MELODIES with the DOTTED QUARTER and EIGHTH NOTE in ONE BOW w.B. 0 Just Walking 6 C. DANCLA, Moderato (Key of C) w.B, Graduation March (Duet) * n Aertel] F. WOHLFAHRT z 1—_ 1 EPIOIECT: The one octave wales in the keys of C, G, D and F Major may now be played inthe donee quer tighih woe yin. epeat the ton oa the Jeening rae. el suaner and E,L,1852MORE MELODIES with DOTTED QUARTERS and EIGHTHS Allegretto (Key of G) The Class Reunion GERMAN MELODY a eee oi x a z= 33? P F 7 rit. Mott ey fF Deck the Hall — OLD WELSH AIR e > <=, Andante (Key of F) ANNIE F, HARRISON Glad Christmas Bells Moderato (Key of 6) — CHRISTMAS CAROL 36P f aay In Lines of Gold a ey (String Ensemble) ba Melody . v Ps 7 IP (ensemble : 7 The class may now start the FIRST POSITION ETUDES for string urchestra by Samuel Applebaum. These interesting eludes with Piano accompaniment will belp to develop a fine left band techuie and a well controlled ow arm. 1.1852u MELODIES COMBINING the DETACHE BELOW and ABOVE the MIDDLE ,‘B.M." means below the middle. “A.M.” means above the middle. “W.B.” means the whole bow. Remain in the same part of the bow until you are told to change. Allegretio (Key of) The Maypole : C. HORMANN PRY W.B. AM wp, pau. wa WB aa WB. 2 pa Ta wee. Ae, WB. BM wiaAM win. ppae. YB. At a Always Gay Simile means to play in the same manner. Follow the bowing marks in the tet 4 measures. Moderato (Key of 6) a Wak Aa we simile POLISH FOLK SONG Ba. a 3aP tf we. ‘Andantino (Key of ©) Pussy Willows aa (Duet) A pwe aewa, aa wees, tw, AM. wa. wD, =a = Andantino (Key of 6) Evening Bell B.A. CAESAR MALAN ax. we A 3 2 = GOTE PROVECT: We continue withthe one octave sales inthe Keys of, G, D and F Major. Practice inthe following ‘ways using the Détaché bowing. @ ™ © * oOWE BUILD a MAJOR SCALE on the NOTE D Notice the sharps before F and C. We raise these notes so that there will be s half-atep between the Srd and 4th notes and the 7th and 8th notes, When we build a Major scale on D, every F and C ‘will be sharped, The D Major Scale t repre rrreres} we place the two aharpe in he algnatreitwilmeanthat every F and C throughout the piece wil AM. Ly 42 ae ae = baie The D Major Scale with the Detaché Bowing Aa. The Deétache Above and Below the Middle WB AM. wip. Bat. simile uy a America (String Ensemble) HENRY CAREY Andantino (Key of G) Melody fn 45? {|Ensembie, E,L,155213, MORE MELODIES in D MAJOR The First Noel monat Allegretto Carnival Time Moderato, (GERMAN FOLK SONG t—___—__— 2 A Miracle Moderato, in A SICILIAN MELODY Billy Boy Moderato MOUNTAIN SONG TOTE PROJECT: Developing » Fast Bow Stroke, Practice one FAST UPsBOW TAS ‘octave scales in the keys of C,G,DandF Major In the follow~ ers TPOWN=IOW Ing ways: Play the slow bow stroke (gl, ) near the bridge and tveon the fast bow stroke (@ ) near the fingerboard. - E.L. 1552ER VERY SMOOTHLY HOW to GO from ONE STRING to ANOTH quarter notes, ‘move the bow ts made with the arm ‘When we go from one string to another slowly in the change and a flexible wrist. For a smooth string change, gradually to the next string in 2 vertical curve rather than ina straight line. Use the middle third of the bow. 50 oupee es Allegretto (Key of G) A The Castle on the Rhine Allegretto (Key of F) oo eee WB AM a us 53 ro siete ee — oe P z nt! Allegretto (Key of F) The Sunshine win: ADL. wn AM. ae = GERMAN FOLK SONG 54? tfMORE MELODIES that WE HAVE HEARD Massa’s in the Cold Ground Dimuendo (dim.) and this sign ———-——— mean gradually softer. Andantino (Key of D) 1 STEPHEN FOSTER a se 3 P Andante (Key of D) Old Black Joe . STEPHEN FOSTER HALF STEPS to DEVELOP INTONATION ‘Make a daily study of No. 87 for the next few weeks. Practice two ways: 4, détaché above the middle of the bow. 2, slurring four notes in a bow using the whole bow. E Se ie ia FOTE PROJECT: More Rhythms, Play the one octave scales of C, G, D and F Major in the following chythina, Practice these in the middle third of the bow, uilng only the lower arm from the elbow down. On : @n © @n © rn EL, 165216 THE LEFT HAND-MELODIES to DEVELOP STRONG FINGERS ‘The fingers must leave the string Practice these melodies slowly with firm finger pressure. ined quickly in order to enunciate each tone distinctly. Use only the very tips of the fingers. fingers rather high and always in a curved shape. The Mountain Stream “‘a tempo’’ means that you are to play in the original tempo. Moderato (Key of G) —— t : The Chase Moderato (Key of G) —_ R, HOFMANN vt oe ae A Pleasant Dream Allegretto (Key of F) JEAN 3. ROUSSEAU A Bl? ft * EL. 1552 : ——7 WE BUILD a MAJOR SCALE on the NOTE B FLAT Notice the flats before B and E, We lower these notes so that there will be a half-step between the Srd and 4th notes and the 7th and 8th notes. When we build a Major scale on B flat, every B and E will be flatted. An The B Flat Major Scale 62 7 fap hall ae If we place the two flats in the signature, it will mean that every B and E throughout the plece will be lowered. The B Flat Major Scale with the Détaché Bowing AM. 63 tf The Détaché Above and Below the Middle WR Ae ; AM wow. wat. simile t Moderato (Key of Bs) The Grasshopper 65 = 1 The Band Played On Crescendo (cresc.) and this sign ————— mean gradually louder. _— Allegretto (Key of B:) oy oe 66P fi te = rn the sale of 8b Major inthe sine TE PROTECT eh on rage ib. To develop bow come es ye pb nar ale vo way 4 flow aS Sh 1.1652,18. MORE MELODIES in the KEYS WE HAVE STUDIED ‘Da Capo (D.C.) al Fine means to repeat from the beginning to the measure marked “Fine”. Moderato (Key of C) Having Fun LEOPOLD MOZART n 67? eo P (do not repeat 2nd time) n f— Allegro (Key of G) A Bouncing Ball Tara’s Halls > - This ts called a “hold” or a ‘fermata’’. eeithan ta tae ‘It means that you are to hold the note a little long- Andantino (Key of D) TRISH AIR ms ete 2 ov eg? SE = = : P vit, =——p ea The Cliffs of Cornwall ENGLISH FOLK SONG ee AN 70? —=—Pp ROTE PROJECT: Developing a Well-Polsed Bow Arm, wi Make the en pt the geal ey ee Dak Re et lg ME a ‘ore than 1 inch above the ating. Practice in whole, " ‘ouching the string or from rising half and quarter notes, * E.L, 15529 THE EXTENDED POSITION When two whole steps follow the ist finger itis called the extended position. The whole step above the ist finger is then played with the 2nd finger and not with the 3rd. The fingering is then to be ist, 2nd and 4th fingers. When these three whole ateps are played in succession, the fet finger 1s to remain in the natural position while the rest of the hand shifts on theneck ahalf-step higher. The 2nd finger isto be squared and at right angles to the strings with the thumb directly underneath the 2nd finger. AM, Happy Anniversary Moderato (Key of G) y TRADITIONAL =, + rit, ‘ The Great Sea Allegretto (Key of B3) (String Ensemble) W.K, HOFKAPELLE uw The second Cello solo to be memorized by the pupil is the RONDO by N. Clementi. E.L,155220 MELODIES USING the EXTENDED POSITION The Church Service Allegretto (Key of D) JOHN B. DYKES n n 2 (extended position) 2 ze cresc. tf To a Skylark Andantino (Key of D) HANS G. NAGELT i n 76? Menuet Moderato (Key of D) fn LEOPOLD MOZART 74 F 7 ‘ELL. 1552 fa. WE ACCENT CERTAIN NOTES to MAKE OUR MUSIC SPIRITED ‘The notes marked with accents (>) are to be accented by applying additional bow pressure and drawing the bow quickly at the start of the stroke. The pressure is to be immediately released. Clap Hands A Allegro (Key of C) ‘MEXICAN DANCE. rp y 4 = 78P tf _——— a Moderato (Key of D) sNonyMous Follow the Leader Moderato (Key of G) ANONYMOUS Allegretto (Key of F) OLD ENGLISH MELODY y a? t* no ROTE PROJECT: Find the various harmonics on each string E.L. 155222 THE MARTELE BOWING ‘This bowing starts with a sharp attack and ends with a clean stop. Atthe start of the stroke, press the bow intothe string. Now draw the bow quickly and release this pressure atthe same time. The notes marked with dots are to be played martele. ‘Moderato (Key of D) Saint Paul’s Steeple AM. 5 2. ENGLISH FOLK SONG tf 3 Moderato (Key of D) Reuben, Reuben 5M. me : o.. ROUND IN TWO PARTS WM ott) toe tf Allegretto (Key of D) May Comes Singing ‘ONE AM, ROUND IN THREE PARTS f + The Hunter and His Horn a (Gey of 6) ENGLISH FOLK SONG ° Le are ev An 5 tf E,L,185223 MORE MELODIES USING the MARTELE BOWING Some Folks Do Allegretto (Key of F) STEPHEN FOSTER n The Cricket Match ‘Moderato (Key of Bb) ENGLISH FOLK SONG a The Strawberry Festival Allegretto (Key of C) _ (Duet) a F, WOHLFAHRT 1. sg s.5a PA oe24 PLAYING TWO STRINGS at the SAME TIME (Learning to tune the Cello) ‘When we play two open strings at the same time, we sound a fifth. We call it a fifth because they are five notes apart. Listen to the Sth in the ist measure of Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star. aS frites Memorize the sound of the Sth as it will help you to tune the Cello, When you play two strings at the same time we call them double stops. n 89 tf PB tf Pp 2 P f P SMOOTH STRING CHANGING - THREE NOTES to a BOW Allegretto (Key of G) pine Butterfly Waltz 1 — 1 go? co a ae — — The Elephant Takes a Walk Allegretto (Key of G) (Duet) F, WOHLFAHRT eh ‘ tf — TORE FORCT Finding he fm fnge Inthe Founh poston, Memoriag We wound a wi hefner inthe paon on the Dveingr Dolo he ether orngy ong en ky ay ae E.L. 155225 TWO MARTELE NOTES in ONE BOW Moderato (Key off) The Little Dutch Mill gue —~ — 7 DUTCH FOLK SONG Chae ee fo 9? BN — : Allegretto (Key of G) Augustin os henve ot tis. ‘te ootmes ‘When two notes are marked with dashes andare tobe played in one bow stroke, leave a slight pause detween each note. Do not accent them as you would if they were marked with dots, Come Thou Almighty King Moderato (Key of G) (String Ensemble) n nF. DEGIARDINT af c ‘The Splecato Bowing. Play the sales of G, D, F and Bb Major, ung the spiocato bowing. Practice thir “Broke neat the frog, Repeat each note four times and then two timer26 THE GRAND MARTELE - THE WHOLE BOW ‘Make sure that you draw the bow parallel to the bridge as you approach the tip of the bow. eave ‘a clean stop between each note. Andante (Key of G) W.B, owhole bow Hymn to Joy L, VAN BEETHOVEN oe ous =? Skipping Strings with the Grand Martele” We skip strings during the pause between each note. The whole arm is to quickly drop or rise to the next string with the bow remaining on the string until the next note is played. Practice No. 96 daily until you finish this book. we. i “False” lower Sim ‘tm Adeste Fideles Moderato (Key of 6) (String Ensemble) J. READING v Melody pt 97° \/ Ensemble, The thied Cello solo for each pupil is the SONATINA IN G by L. Van Bet ‘wot only for public performance but for technic building. : ee EL. 1852A NEW RHYTHM - SIX EIGHT TIME ” ‘The bottom number in the signature is 8. This tells us that each éth note receives one count. ‘The top number 6, means that there are six beats to each measure. Hickory, Dickory, Dock In measure five, leave a stop between the quarter note and the eighth note. ‘The dash tells us to play the quarter note smoothly while the eighth note marked with a dot is to be played martelé. Moderato (Key of G) ne ‘TRADITIONAL y 2 + pt f rit. atempo Little Jack Horner Allegre (Key of 6) y TRADITIONAL oO 5 Allegro (Key of D) Little Tom Tucker. m PARTS ONE "Wo oun mt FOUR 100 TREE A Short Story AN OLD GREEK MELODY Moderato (Key of D) simile BM. WB. AM WB. BM. A 101 cea P n => fOTE MONECT. The Succum Boving. TH 10 play as many notes as postble above! le of the bow. Practice in the following rhythms. E,L.165228 MORE MELODIES in SIX EIGHT TIME The Farmer in the Dell Allegro (Key of G) 2 oy ___ ENOLISH SINGING GAME a7 4 = A A 102° All Around the Mulberry Bush thes er of n_ TRADITIONAL 103? Will-o’-the Wisp Andantino (Key of G) (String Ensemble) 7 HLA, MALAN aS “Test lt with the open string. Now place the Srd finger down «full step from the let finger. Practice this few tlmes a Finding the 3rd finger inthe 4h position, On the G and D otringo play the Let finger tm the A postion E.L.155229 BEAUTIFUL MELODIES in the KEYS WE HAVE STUDIED Moderato (Key of G) The Bee a z, GERMAN FOLK SONG SD en ee oe 105? i— P t P| —=— Cradle Song Andantino (Key of D) 3. mars >, 106” ?. 1 — tf > P rit, Andante (Key of F) rn rit. == Patempo rit, Andantino (Key of By) Lullaby ENGLISH FOLK SONG = ae n P v > A Allegretto (Key of 120? f 1 ——. ———S any VF TOTE PROTECT: Finding al he Tnger Inthe Ath poallon. On the © wring play Whe in, Dad and @ih Fingers exch a whole ftep apart (extended potion}, On the Gand D mags play the Ist, Sd and th flager. On the A sng pay the It 2 4th fingers. Play these pattem in various thythms and bowings. E,L, 1652