: Aame TIT 2007 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1 the hole by welding is subject to acceptance by the Inspec tor. Some acceptable methods are given in Appendix K. UW-42 SURFACE WELD METAL BUILDUP Construction in which deposits of weld metal are applied to the surface of base metal for the purpose of (a) restoring the thickness ofthe base metal for strength consideration; or (b) modifying the configuration of weld joints in order to provide the tapered transition requirements of UW-9(c) ‘and UW-33(b) shall be performed in accordance with the following rues: (1) A batt welding procedure qualification in accor- dance with provisions of Section IX must be performed for the thickness of weld metal deposited, prior to production welding. (2) All weld metal buildup most be examined over the full surface of the deposit by either magnetic particle ‘examination to the requirements of Appendix 6, orby liquid ‘penetrant examination tothe requirements of Appendix 8 When such surface weld metal buildup is used in welded Joints which require full or spot radiographic examination, the weld metal buildup shall be included in the exami- nation, INSPECTION AND TESTS UW-46 GENERAL ‘The rules inthe following paragraphs apply specifically to the inspection and testing of pressure vessels and vessel parts that are fabricated by welding and shall be used in ‘conjunction with the general requirements for Inspection ‘and Tests in Subsection A, and with the specific require ‘ments for Inspection and Tests in Subsection C that pertain to the class of material used. (For tests on reinforcing plates, see UW-15(@).1 UW-47 CHECK OF WELDING PROCEDURE, "The Inspector shall assure himself that the welding pro- cure employed in the construction of a vessel has been ‘qualified under the provisions of Section IX. The Manufac- turer shall submit evidence to the Inspector that the requis ‘ments have been met. UW-48 CHECK OF WELDER AND WELDING OPERATOR QUALIFICATIONS (a) The Manufacturer shall cenify that the welding on 1 vessel has been done only by welders and welding opera- tors who have been qualified under the requirements of Section IX and the Inspector shall assure himself that only qualified welders and welding operators have been used. (®) The Manufacturer shall make available to the Inspector the record ofthe qualification tests ofeach welder ‘and welding operator. The Inspector shall have the right at any time to call for and witness tests of the welding procedure or of the ability of any welder and welding operator. UW-49 CHECK OF POSTWELD HEAT ‘TREATMENT PRACTICE, ‘The Inspector shal satisfy himself that all postweld heat treatment has been comrectly performed and that the temper- ature readings conform to the requirements, UW.50 NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION OF WELDS ON PNEUMATICALLY ‘TESTED VESSELS On welded pressure vessels to be pneumatically tested in accordance with UG-100, the full length of the following. ‘welds shall be examined” for the purpose of detecting cracks: (a) all welds around openings; (2) all attachment welds, including welds ataching non- [pressure parts to pressure parts, having a throat thickness greater than % in. (6 mm), UW-SI_ RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMINATION OF WELDED JOINTS (a) All welded joints to be radiographed shall be exam- ined in accordance with Article 2 of Section V except as specified below. (1) A complete set of radiographs and records, as described in Article 2 of Section V, for each vessel or vessel part shall be retnined by the Manufacturer, as follows: (a) films until the Manufacturer's Data Report has bboen signed by the Inspector; (B) records as required by this Division (10-13). (2) The Manufacturer shall certify that personnel per- forming and evaluating radiographic examinations required by this Division have been qualified and certified in accor- ance with their employer's written practice. SNT-TC- 1" shall be used as a guideline for employers to establish 1 Recommended Price No. SNT-TC-1A, Pesonnel Qualifcaton, and Cerifeation in Nondesuucive Testing, ACCP, ASNT Cental Cee feaion Program, and CP-189 are published by the Amin Society for Nondesrctve Testing, In, 1711 Avtingate Phra, Cale #28518, CColmbus, Obie 43228-4818 fro 140 Uw-S2 str Rad2007 SECTION Vint — DIVISION 1 their written practice for qualification and certiction of their personnel. Alternatively, the ASNT Central Cetifice- tion Program (ACCP),!! or CP-189" may be used to fulfill the examination and demonstration requirements of SNT- ‘TC-1A and the employer’s writen practice. Provisions for training, experience, qualification, and certification of NDE, personnel shall be described in the Manufacturer's Quality Control System (see Appendix 10). (3) A writen radiographic examination procedure is not required. Demonstration of density and penetrameter {mage requirements on production or technique radio- _graphs shall be considered satisfactory evidence of compi- ance with Article 2 of Section V (4) The requirements of T-285 of Article 2of Section V ae to be usod only as a guide, Final acceptance of radiographs shall be besed on the ability to see the pre- scribed penetrameter image and the specified hole or the esignated wire ofa wire penetrameter. (®) Tadications shown on the radiographs of welds and characterized as imperfections are unacceptable under the following conditions and shall be repaired as provided in ‘UW.-38, and the repair radiographed to UW-S1 of, a the option of the Manufacturer, ultrasonically examined in accordance with the method desexibed in Appendix 12 and the standards specified in this paragraph, provided the defect has been confirmed by the ultrasonic examination to the satisfaction of the Authorized Inspector prior to making the repair. For material thicknesses in excess of 1 in 25 mm), the concurrence of the usr shall be obtained This ultrasonic examination shall be noted uader emarks on the Manufacturer's Data Report Form: (12) any indication characterized as a crack or zone of incomplete fusion or penetration; (2) any other elongated indication on the radiograph which has length grester than: (a) % in (6 mm) for up 0 % in, (19 mm) (6) Me for from % in, (19 ram) to 2% in, (57 mam) (c) % in, (19 mm) for # over 24 in. (57 ram) where 1 = the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable reinforcement. For a butt weld joining two mem- bers having different thicknesses at the weld, ¢ is the thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld includes a fillet weld, the thick- ness of the throat ofthe filet shall be included in (3) any group of aligned indications that have an aggregate length greater than 1 in a length of 12r, except ‘when the distance between the successive imperfections ‘exceeds 6 where Lis the length ofthe longestimperfection in the group; (4) rounded indications in excess ofthat specified by the acceptance standards given in Appendix 4 141 UW-52 SPOT EXAMINATION OF WELDED JOINTS NOTE: Spotraographing of welded joni reogeied ss an effeive Inpecion wal. The spo aiogapy rules are also considered to bean si to ual contol. Spo radiographs made direc wer a welder or ‘an operator has complet unit of weld proves ha the work soit no being done la accordance with a sailor procedure. the work ‘unsatisfactory, comective step cathe betaken oimprove he welding in the subsequent units, which unquesonsbly wil improve the weld aly. Spot radiography in ccordance with thse rales will not ensure ¢ ‘beeatin ped of pedeermineé quality lve throughout. Kms be resid tht an sccepéed vessel under these sot fadgraphy rules may sl contin defects which might be dtclosed on further examination. If al radiographically dslosed weld defects must be eliminated trom a ese, ten 103% raography mast be employed (a) But welded joints which are to be spot radiographed shall be examined locally as provided herein. (B) Minimum Extent of Spot Radiographic Examination (1) One spot shall be examined on each vessel for cach 50 ft (15 m) increment of weld or fraction thereof for which a joint efficiency from column (b) of Table UW- 12iis selected. However, for identical vessels or parts, each with less than 50 ft (15 m) of weld for which a joint efficiency from column (b) of Table UW-12 is selected, 50 ft (15 m) increments of weld may be represented by ‘one spot examination (2) For each increment of weld to be examined, @ sufficient number of spot radiographs shall be taken to ‘examine the welding of each welder or welding operator. Under conditions where two or more welders or welding, ‘operators make weld layers in a joint, or onthe two sides, ‘of a double-welded butt joint, one spot may represent the work of all welders or welding operators. (3) Each spot examination shall be made as soon as, practicable after completion of the increment of weld to be examined. The location ofthe spot shall be chosen by the Inspector after completion of the increment of welding. to be examined, except that when the Inspector has been notified in advance and cannot be present or otherwise ‘make the selection, the Manufacturer may exercise his own, judgment in selecting the spots. (4) Radiographs required at specific locations to sat- isfy the rules of other paragraphs, such as UW-9(4),, UW-11(@)(5)b), and UW-14(), shal not be used to satisfy the requirements for spot radiography. (c) Standards for Spot Radiographic Examination. Spot examination by radiography shall be made in accordance withthe technique prescribed in UW-1(@). The minimum length of spot radiograph shall be 6 in. Spot radiographs may be retained or be discarded by the Manufacturer after acceptance of the vessel by the Inspector. The acceptability 1 )L000 vaaw wngit 2007 SECTION Vill — DIVISION 1 of welds examined by spot radiography shall be judged by the following standards: (1) Welds in which indications are characteriaed as cracks or zones of incomplete fusion or penetration shall be unacceptable (2) Welds in which indications are characterized as slag inclusions or cavities shall be unacceptable if the Jength of any such indication is greater than where tis the thickness of the weld excluding any allowable rein- forcement, For a butt wel joining two members having different thicknesses at the weld, isthe thinner of these two thicknesses. Ifa fll penetration weld includes a fillet, weld, the thickness of the throat ofthe fillet shall be {included in tf several indications within the above limita tions exis in line, the welds shall be judged acceptable if the sum of the longest dimensions of all such indications is not more than rin a length of 61 (or proportionately for radiographs shorter than 6) and ifthe longest indications considered ae separated by at least 32. of acceptable weld ‘metal where Lis the length of the longest indication, The ‘maximum length of acceptable indications shall be % in. (19 mm). Aay such indications shorter than in. (6 mm) shall be acceptable for any plate thickness. (3) Rounded indications are not a factor in the accept- ability of welds not required to be fully radiographed (@) Evaluation and Retesis (1) When # spot, radiographed as required in (b)(1) cor (b}Q) above, is acceptable in accordance with (6X1) and (€)(2) above, the entire weld increment represented by this radiograph is acceptable. (2) When a spo, radiographed as required in (6X1) or (6)(2) above, has been examined and the radiograph discloses welding which does not comply with the mini ‘mum quality requirements of (€)(1) oF (€)2) above, two ‘ditional spots shall be radiographically examined in the same weld increment at locations away from the original spot. The locations of these additional spots shall be deter- ‘mined by the Inspector or fabricator as provided for the original spot examination in (b)(3) above. (a) If the two additional spots examined show ‘welding which meets the minimum quality requirements ‘of (€(1) and (€2) above, the entire weld increment repre- sented by the thee radiographs is acceptable provided the defects disclosed by the first of the three radiographs are removed and the area repaired by welding. The weld a2 repaired area shall be radiographically examined in accor- dance with the foregoing requirements of UW-52, (b) If either of the two additional spots examined shows welding which does not comply with the minimum duality requirements of (€)(1) of (€)(2) above, the entire increment of weld represented shall be rejected, The entire rejected weld shall be removed and the joint shall be rewelded or, atthe abricator's option, the entire increment of weld represented shall be completely radiographed and only defects need be corrected. (c) Repaic welding shall be performed using a qual- ified procedure and in a manner acceptable to the Inspector. ‘The rewelded joint, or the weld repaired areas, shall be spot radiographically examined at one location in accor- dance with the foregoing requirements of UW-52. UW-53 TECHNIQUE FOR ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION OF WELDED JOINTS. ‘Ultrasonic examination of welded joints when required ‘or permitted by other paragraphs ofthis Division shall be performed in accordance with Appendix 12 and shall be ‘evaluated to the acceptance standards specified in Appen- dix 12. The written examination procedure shall be avail- able to the Inspector and shall be proven by actual demonstration t0 the satisfaction of the Inspector to be capable of detecting and locating imperfections described in this Division, MARKING AND REPORTS uw.60 GENERAL ‘The provisions for marking and reports, UG-115 through, ‘UG-120, shall apply without supplement to welded pres- sure vessels, PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES UW-68 GENERAL ‘The provisions for pressure relief devices, UG-125, ‘through UG-136, shall apply without supplement to welded pressure vessels.2007 SECTION VIII — DIVISION 1 PART UF REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESSURE VESSELS FABRICATED BY FORGING GENERAL URI SCOPE ‘The rules in Part UF are applicable to forged pressure vessels without longitudinal joints, including their compo- nent parts that are fabricated of carbon and low alloy steels or of high alloy steels within the limitations of Part UHA. ‘These res shall be used in conjunction withthe applicable requirements in Subsection A, and with the specie require ‘ments in Subsection C that pertain to the respective classes of all materials used. MATERIALS UF-S GENERAL (a) Materials used in the constuction of forged pressure vessels shall comply with the requirements for materials sven in UG4 through UG-14, except as spcicaly lim. ited or extended in (b) and (c) below, and in UF-6. (b) The heat analysis of forgings to be fabricated by welding shall not exceed carbon 0.35%. However, when the welding involves only minor nonpressure attachments 2 limited in UF-32, seal welding of threaded connections 25 permitted in UF-43, or repairs as limited by UP37, the carbon content shall not exceed 0.50% by heat analysis. ‘When by heat analysis the carbon analysis exceeds 0.50% 0 welding is permited (c) This part contains special requirements applicable ‘o $A.372 materials subjected to liquid quench and temper heat treatment. Such special requirements do not apply t0 austenitic materials or to materials not exceeding 95 ksi (655 MPs) specified minimum tensile strength, SA-372 materials may be subjected to accelerated cooling or may be quenched and tempered to attain their specified mini sum properties provided: (1) after heat treatment, inspection for injurious defects shall be performed according to UF-31(b)(1)(a); (2) tesilesrength shall ot be greater than 20,000 psi (140 MPa) above their specified minimum tensile strength, (d) For vessels consructed of SA-372 Grade J, Class 110 or Grade L materi, transverse impact test shall be 143 ‘made at the minimum allowable temperature in accordance with Part UHT of this Division, except in no ease shall the test temperature be higher than ~20°F (29°C). Certifi- cation is required, An ultrasonic examination shall be made in accordance with UF-S5. UR-6 — FORGINGS All materials subject to stress due to pressure shall con- form to one of the specifications given in Section II and limited to those listed in Table UCS-23 and UHA-23 for forgings or to plates, and seamless pipe and tube when such material is further processed by a forging operation. UF-7 FORGED STEEL ROLLS USED FOR CORRUGATING PAPER MACHINERY “Materials and rules of constmcton to be applied inthe ‘manufacture of forged stel corrugting and pressure rolls ‘used in machinery for producing corrugated paper are cov- ered in SA-649 in Section IL, Par A. DESIGN URA2 GENERAL ‘The rules inthe following paragraphs apply specifically to vessels or main sections of vessels that are forge from ingots, slabs, billet, plate, pipe, or tubes, and shall be used to supplement the requirements for design which are applicable, as given in UG-I6 through UG-55, and those given in UCS-16 through UCS-67, and’ UHA-20 through UHA-34, Sections of vessels may be joined by any method permitted in the several pars of this Division except as limited in UF-5() and UF-5(). Vessels constructed of SA-372 Grade A, B, C, of D; Grade E, Class 65 or 70; Grade F, Class 70; Grade G, Class 10; Grade H, Class 70; Grade J, Class 65, 70, or 110; Grade L; or Grade M, Class Aor B must be of streamlined design, and stress raisers, such as abrupt