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SUFISMO VERSUS ISLAMISMO

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Leandra Yunis1

Š‡Š‘—•‡‘ˆ‹•Žƒǣƒ‰Ž‘„ƒŽŠ‹•–‘”›
†Ǥ—•ƒ‹
‘†‘ǣŽ‘‘•„—”›ǡʹͲͳͺ
322 páginas2

No livro The house of islam: a global history, ‘ ‡šǦ‹•Žƒ‹•–ƒ † —•ƒ‹ ƒ”‰—‡–ƒ
‡ ˆƒ˜‘”†ƒ •‡…—Žƒ”‹œƒ­ ‘ †‡’ƒÀ•‡•—­—Žƒ‘• ’ƒ—–ƒ†ƒ ’‡Ž‘ Ž‡‰ƒ†‘ ±–‹…‘ •—ϐ‹Ǥ ‘‘
Š‹•–‘”‹ƒ†‘”ƒ†‘•—ϐ‹•‘‡–”ƒ†—–‘”ƒ†ƒ’‘‡•‹ƒ†‡ ƒŽƒŽ††‹—‹ǡ…‹–ƒ†‘†‹˜‡”•ƒ•˜‡œ‡•
‘ Ž‹˜”‘ǡ ’‘–—ƒ”‡‹ ƒŽ‰—ƒ• “—‡•–Ù‡• „—•…ƒ†‘ ‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡” — …‘–”ƒ’‘–‘ ƒ‘ ƒ—–‘”ǡ
˜‹•ƒ†‘„ƒŽ‹œƒ”—ƒŽ‡‹–—”ƒ…”À–‹…ƒ†‘Ž‹˜”‘Ǥ
† —•ƒ‹ǡ ƒ•…‹†‘ ‡ ʹͷȀͳʹȀͳͻ͹Ͷǡ ± — ƒ—–‘” „”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ †‡ ‘”‹‰‡ ‹†‹ƒƒ ‡
’ƒ“—‹•–ƒ‡•ƒǡ †‡ ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒ —­—Žƒƒǡ …‘ ˆ‘”ƒ­ ‘ •—’‡”‹‘” ƒ •…‘Žƒ †‡ •–—†‘•
”‹‡–ƒ‹• ‡ ˆ”‹…ƒ‘• ȋ ‹˜‡”•‹–›Ȍ †‡ ‘†”‡• ‡ ƒ ‹˜‡”•‹†ƒ†‡ †‡ ƒƒ•…‘ǡ ƒ
À”‹ƒǡ‘†‡‡•–—†‘—ž”ƒ„‡Ǥ ‘‹‹–‡”Ž‘…—–‘”‡ƒ••—–‘•†‘”‹‡–‡±†‹‘’ƒ”ƒ‘‘•‡ŽŠ‘
”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ƒ”ž„‹ƒƒ—†‹–ƒǡƒ••‡••‘”†‘‘—…‹Ž‘ ‘”‡‹‰‡Žƒ–‹‘•ȋ Ȍ†‡‘˜ƒ‘”ǡ
‡„”‘ •²‹‘” †ƒ —†ƒ­ ‘ ‘› Žƒ‹” ƒ‹–Š ‡ †‘ ‘”‡‹‰ ƒ† ‘‘™‡ƒŽ–Š ˆϐ‹…‡
†ƒ ‰Žƒ–‡””ƒǤ –—ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ ± ‡„”‘ †‡ ‹˜‹–ƒ•ǡ •–‹–—–‡ ˆ‘” –Š‡ –—†› ‘ˆ ‹˜‹Ž ‘…‹‡–›
†‡ ‘†”‡•ǡ †‘ ‘‘†”‘™ ‹Ž•‘ –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‡–‡” ˆ‘” …Š‘Žƒ”•ǡ ‡ ƒ•Š‹‰–‘
ǡ ‡ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡ †‘ ‰”—’‘ †‡ ‡˜‹• ‘ †‘ —†‘
Ž‘„ƒŽ †‡ ˜‘Ž˜‹‡–‘ ‡ ‡•‹Ž‹²…‹ƒ
†ƒ ‘—‹†ƒ†‡ ȋ
 Ȍǡ “—‡ ƒ–—ƒ …‘–”ƒ ƒ ˜‹‘Ž²…‹ƒ —†‹ƒŽ ‘”‹—†ƒ †‘ ‡š–”‡‹•‘
‹•ŽŸ‹…‘Ǥƒ–‹˜‹•–ƒǡ“—‡–ƒ„±Œž•‡ϐ‹Ž‹‘—ƒ‘ƒ”–‹†‘”ƒ„ƒŽŠ‹•–ƒ„”‹–Ÿ‹…‘ǡ…‘Žƒ„‘”ƒ…‘
†‹˜‡”•‘•˜‡À…—Ž‘• †ƒ ‹’”‡•ƒ ‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽǡ …‘‘The New York Times, The Telegraph,
Financial Times e BBC.
‘‘ ‡•…”‹–‘”ǡ —•ƒ‹ ˆ‘‹ ϐ‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ †‘ ’”²‹‘
‡‘”‰‡ ”™‡ŽŽ †‡ ‡•…”‹–ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ
e indicado ao Contrarian Prize pelo livro The islamistȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍǡ“—‡ƒ„‘”†ƒƒ•—ƒ’”×’”‹ƒ
1
Leandra Yunis’‘••—‹„ƒ…Šƒ”‡Žƒ†‘‡Ž‹…‡…‹ƒ–—”ƒ‡Š‹•–×”‹ƒȋʹͲͲͳȌǡ‡•–”ƒ†‘‡ŽÀ‰—ƒǡŽ‹–‡”ƒ–—”ƒ‡
…—Ž–—”ƒƒ”ƒ„‡ȋʹͲͳ͵Ȍ‡†‘—–‘”ƒ†‘ȋ‡ƒ†ƒ‡–‘Ȍ‡‡•–—†‘•Œ—†ƒ‹…‘•‡ž”ƒ„‡•’‡ŽƒǤ–—ƒŽ‡–‡±
„‘Ž•‹•–ƒ†‡ƒ†ƒ•‘…‹ƒŽ†ƒƒ’‡••‘„‘”‹‡–ƒ­ ‘†‡‹…Š‡ŽŽ‡‹ƒǤƒ„±±’‡•“—‹•ƒ†‘”ƒǡ’”‘ˆ‡••‘”ƒ
‡†ƒ­ƒ”‹ƒ†‡–”ƒ†‹­Ù‡•ž”ƒ„‡•ǡ’‡”•ƒ•‡…‹‰ƒƒ•Šžͳͺƒ‘•ǡ…‘‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‹œƒ­ ‘‡†ƒ­ƒ‡…‘•…‹²…‹ƒ
…‘”’‘”ƒŽ ’‡Žƒ Ǥ  ǣ Š––’•ǣȀȀ‘”…‹†Ǥ‘”‰ȀͲͲͲͲǦͲͲͲʹǦͳͳͶʹǦͳͻ͹͵Ǥ ‹ ’ƒ”ƒ a Plataforma ƒ––‡•ǣ
Š––’ǣȀȀŽƒ––‡•Ǥ…’“Ǥ„”Ȁͷͷʹͷͻ͸ͲͳͲͶͷͻͲͺͷͶǤ‘–ƒ–‘ǣŽ‡›—‹•̷‰ƒ‹ŽǤ…‘Ǥ
2
A editora Bloomsbury Publishing ‰‡–‹Ž‡–‡ …‡†‡— —ƒ …×’‹ƒ …‘”–‡•‹ƒ †‘ Ž‹˜”‘ Š‡ Š‘—•‡ ‘ˆ ‹•Žƒǣ ƒ
‰Ž‘„ƒŽŠ‹•–‘”›’ƒ”ƒ“—‡ƒ’”‡•‡–‡”‡•‡Šƒ’—†‡••‡•‡”‡Žƒ„‘”ƒ†ƒǤ‡˜‹•–ƒƒŽƒŽƒ‡ƒƒ—–‘”ƒƒ‰”ƒ†‡…‡ƒ
‡†‹–‘”ƒ’‡Žƒ†‹•’‘‹„‹Ž‹œƒ­ ‘†‘…‘–‡ï†‘†‘Ž‹˜”‘Ǥ

MALALA, São Paulo v. 7, n. 10 – Ago. 2019 135

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‡š’‡”‹²…‹ƒ …‘‘ ‹–‡‰”ƒ–‡ †‘ ‰”—’‘ ‡š–”‡‹•–ƒ Hizb ut-Tahrirǡ “—‡ ”‡‹˜‹†‹…ƒ˜ƒ ‘
”‡–‘”‘ƒ‘…ƒŽ‹ˆƒ†‘‘”‹‡–‡±†‹‘Ǥ–”ƒÀ†‘ƒ‘‹•–‹…‹•‘“—ƒ†‘‡…‘–ƒ–‘…‘‘•
•—ϐ‹•ƒ“•Šƒ„ƒ†‹†‡•–ƒ„—Žǡƒ„ƒ†‘‘—‘‡š–”‡‹•‘‡…‘ˆ—†‘—ƒ‰Žƒ–‡””ƒǡ…‘
ƒƒŒ‹†ƒ™ƒœǡƒ —†ƒ­ ‘—‹ŽŽ‹ƒǡƒ’”‹‡‹”ƒˆ”‡–‡„”‹–Ÿ‹…ƒ†‡‡•–—†‘•‡…‘„ƒ–‡ƒ‘
‡š–”‡‹•‘‹•ŽŸ‹…‘Ǥ
Em The house of islam, o autor apresenta a história do islamismo no interior da
•‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡—­—Žƒƒǡ“—‡‡Ž‡†‡ϐ‹‡…‘‘‹†‡‘Ž‘‰‹ƒ“—‡’”‘’Ù‡”‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡”‘…ƒŽ‹ˆƒ†‘
‡—”‡‰‹‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘‡š…Ž—•‹˜ƒ‡–‡‹•ŽŸ‹…‘‡“—‡•‡”‹ƒ’”‡†‘‹ƒ–‡‡–”‡‘•‰”—’‘•
‡š–”‡‹•–ƒ•‡†‡ƒ–—ƒ­ ‘’ƒ”ƒ‹Ž‹–ƒ”ǡ…‘‘‘•Žƒ‹…–ƒ–‡‘ˆ”ƒ“ƒ†›”‹ƒȋ‘—ƒ‡•ŠȌǡ
ƒ Ž ƒ‡†ƒǡ ‘ ‘‘ ƒ”ƒǡ ‹…Ž—‹†‘ǡ •‡‰—†‘ ‘ ƒ—–‘”ǡ “—‡ †‡‘•–”ƒ —ƒ ‹…‘–‹†ƒ
•‹’ƒ–‹ƒ’‡Ž‘•–ƒ†‘†‡•”ƒ‡Žǡ‘‡œ„‘ŽŽƒŠ‡‘ƒƒ•Ǥ‹•Žƒ‹•‘‡•–ƒ”‹ƒƒ••‘…‹ƒ†‘ƒ‘
Œ‹Šƒ†‹•‘’”‡•‡–‡ƒƒ–—ƒ­ ‘„‡Ž‹…‘•ƒ†‡••‡•‰”—’‘•‡’”‘Ž†ƒ“—‡Ž‡‘„Œ‡–‹˜‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘Ǥ
Para o autor, alguns grupos radicais também compartilhariam de uma postura ideológica
Ž‹–‡”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ ‡ ”‡Žƒ­ ‘ ƒ‘• –‡š–‘• •ƒ‰”ƒ†‘•ǡ •‘„”‡–—†‘ †‘ Ž‹–‡”ƒŽ‹•‘ ƒ†˜‘‰ƒ†‘ ’‡Ž‘•
•ƒŽƒϐ‹•–ƒ•Ǧ™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ•Ǥ
‡•†‡‘•±…—Ž‘ǡ‘••ƒŽƒϐ‹•–ƒ••‡‰—‡‘Šƒ‡†„„†‘ƒŠŠƒ„ȋ†Ǥͳ͹ͻʹȌǡ
“—‡…‘’‹Ž‘—ǡ•‡…‘‡–ž”‹‘•‘—…”‹–±”‹‘•‡š‡‰±–‹…‘•‡Š‹•–‘”‹‘‰”žϐ‹…‘•ǡ—…‘Œ—–‘†‡
–‡š–‘•…‘”Ÿ‹…‘•‡”‡Žƒ–‘•†ƒ˜‹†ƒ†‘’”‘ˆ‡–ƒ‡†‡•‡—•…‘’ƒŠ‡‹”‘•ȋŠž†‹…‡•Ȍǡ’”‘’‘†‘
•—ƒ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ­ ‘ †‹”‡–ƒ ‡ Ž‹–‡”ƒŽǤ Ž± †‡ —•ƒ”‡ ‘ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǡ …ƒ‘‹œƒ†‘ ’‡Ž‘ …Ž‡”‘
™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ†ƒ”ž„‹ƒƒ—†‹–ƒǡ‘••ƒŽƒϐ‹•–ƒ•• ‘…‘–”ž”‹‘•ƒ‘•’”‹…À’‹‘•„ž•‹…‘•†ƒ•“—ƒ–”‘
’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•Ž‹Šƒ•†‡Œ—”‹•’”—†²…‹ƒ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ•—‹–ƒǣŠƒƒϐ‹–ƒǡ•Šƒϐ‹–ƒǡƒŽƒ‹–ƒ‡Šƒ„ƒŽ‹–ƒǤ
„‘”ƒ’‘••ƒ‘•ƒŽ‹Šƒ”‘•™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ•ƒ‘•Šƒ„ƒŽ‹•–ƒ•ǡ’‘”•—ƒ‘”–‘†‘š‹ƒǡ‘••ƒŽƒϐ‹•–ƒ••‡
†‹•–‹‰—‡’‘”•‡‘’‘”ƒ‘’ƒ…–‘…‘•‡•—ƒŽǡ“—ƒ†‘‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‹†‘‡„ƒ•‡•Š‡–‡”‘†‘šƒ•Ǥ
„‘•‘•‰”—’‘•ǡ•ƒŽƒϐ‹•–ƒ•‡™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ•ǡ• ‘Ž‹–‡”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ•ǡ‹•–‘±ǡ”‡’—†‹ƒƒ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ­ ‘
individual (ϔ‹“ŠȌ†‘Œ—”‹•–ƒǡ’‡Žƒ“—ƒŽ•‡’‡”‹–‡ƒ„‘”†ƒ”–‡ƒ•’‘”ƒƒŽ‘‰‹ƒȋqiyas), pois
…‘•‹†‡”ƒƒ•†‡•…”‹­Ù‡•ϐÀ•‹…ƒ•†‡‡—•‘Ž…‘” ‘Ž‹–‡”ƒ‹•‡ ‘‡–ƒˆ×”‹…ƒ•ǡ…‘‘±†‡
Šž„‹–‘ǤƒŽ’‘•–—”ƒ±†‡˜‡”ƒ•’‘Ž²‹…ƒ‡•‹‰—Žƒ”‘‹•Ž ǡ’‘‹•†‡•†‡‘‹À…‹‘•‡†‹•…—–‹—‡
•‡”‡…Šƒ­‘—‘ƒ–”‘’‘‘”ϐ‹•‘ƒ”‡Ž‹‰‹ ‘Ǥ
‡˜‹†‘”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ”‡…—•ƒƒ“—ƒŽ“—‡”‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ­ ‘‡–ƒˆ×”‹…ƒ‡‡•‘–±”‹…ƒ†‘Ž…‘” ‘
‡ƒ‘”‡’‘ƒ‘—–”ƒ•ˆ‘–‡• ‘™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ•ǡ‘•Ž‹–‡”ƒŽ‹•–ƒ••‡‘’Ù‡ƒ‘••—ϐ‹•‡–ƒ„±
ƒ‘•š‹‹–ƒ•ǡ“—‡ǡ’‘”•—ƒ˜‡œǡ•‡‰—‡‘’”‹…À’‹‘†‘‹ƒƒ–‘ǡ’‡Ž‘“—ƒŽ•‡ƒ…‡‹–ƒ“—‡‘†‘
’”‘ˆ±–‹…‘ˆ‘‹Š‡”†ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘•†‡•…‡†‡–‡•†‘’”‘ˆ‡–ƒ‡‡š‹•–‡‡…‡”–‘•ŽÀ†‡”‡•‡•…‘ŽŠ‹†‘•
’‘”‡—•Ǥ‡”‹ƒ‘…ƒ•‘†‘ƒ‹ƒ–‘Žžȋƒ“—‡Ž‡“—‡–‡‘•‹ƒŽ†‡‡—•Ȍǡ“—‡ǡ‹„—À†‘–ƒ–‘†ƒ
ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡ˆ‘”ƒŽǡƒ†“—‹”‹†ƒ…‘˜‡…‹‘ƒŽ‡–‡ǡ“—ƒ–‘†ƒ‡•’‹”‹–—ƒŽǡ±…‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘‘
ƒ‹•ƒŽ–‘†‹‰‹–ž”‹‘ƒŠ‹‡”ƒ”“—‹ƒ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒǤ–‡‘…”ƒ…‹ƒ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ†‘” •‡„ƒ•‡‹ƒ‘‹ƒƒ–‘ǡ
’‘” ‹••‘ ƒ ‹•–Ÿ…‹ƒ ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ ± †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‡ ‡•‘ †‹ƒ–‡ †ƒ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ­ ‘ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǤ
„‘”ƒ ’ƒ”‡­ƒ —ƒ ‡•’±…‹‡ ŠÀ„”‹†ƒ †‡ ‹•Žƒ‹•‘ǡ ƒ ˆ‘”ƒ ’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ  ‘ ± †‹”‡–ƒ‡–‡
abordada pelo autor.
 ’‘–‘ †‡ …‘˜‡”‰²…‹ƒ ‡–”‡ ‹•Žƒ‹•–ƒ• †‡ ‘”‹‡–ƒ­Ù‡• †‹˜‡”•ƒ• ‡ ‘• ‰”—’‘•
136 MALALA, São Paulo v. 7, n. 10 – Ago. 2019
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literalistas estaria na noção de jihadǡ‰—‡””ƒ•ƒ–ƒǤ’‘•–—”ƒ’”‘•‡Ž‹–‹•–ƒǡ“—‡…ƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ”‹ƒ

‘À’‡–‘†‡‡š’ƒ• ‘‹‹…‹ƒŽ†ƒˆ±—­—Žƒƒǡ–‡”‹ƒ•‡…‘˜‡”–‹†‘‡—ƒ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹†ƒ†‡
˜‹‘Ž‡–ƒ‰”ƒ­ƒ•ƒ‘‡š‡’Ž‘†‘•…ƒ”‹Œ‹–ƒ•ǡ‰”—’‘“—‡Œž–‡”‹ƒ…ƒ—•ƒ†‘ƒ˜‡”• ‘ƒ‘’”×’”‹‘
ƒ‘± ‡ •—…‡••‘”‡• ’‘” •—ƒ •‡†‡ †‡ •ƒ‰—‡Ǥ ‡‰—†‘ ‘ ƒ—–‘”ǡ …ƒ”‹Œ‹•‘ –‡”‹ƒ †ƒ†‘ǡ
‡– ‘ǡ‘”‹‰‡ƒ‘Œ‹Šƒ†‹•‘‘†‡”‘ǡ“—‡•‡…ƒ”ƒ…–‡”‹œƒ’‡Žƒ’‘•–—”ƒ„‡Ž‹…‘•ƒ…‘–”ƒ‘•
•‡‰—‹†‘”‡•†‡‘—–”ƒ•”‡Ž‹‰‹Ù‡•‡“—‡ǡŽ‡‰‹–‹ƒ†‘”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒ‡–‡ǡ’‘†‡‡˜‘Ž˜‡”‘•—‹…À†‹‘
…‘‘ˆ‘”ƒ†‡ƒ”–À”‹‘Ǥ
 ƒ‹• ‹–‡”‡••ƒ–‡ †‘ Ž‹˜”‘ ± …‘’”‡‡†‡” …‘‘ ‡••ƒ• …‘””‡–‡• ‡ ‘”‹‡–ƒ­Ù‡•ǡ
“—‡ǡ •‡‰—†‘ ‘ ƒ—–‘”ǡ Œƒƒ‹• …Š‡‰ƒ”ƒ ƒ •‡” …‘•‡•—ƒ‹• ‘— ’”‡†‘‹ƒ–‡• ‘ ‹•Ž ǡ
•‡ …‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒ‡–‡Ǥ  ƒ—–‘” ’ƒ”–‡ †‘ ’”‡••—’‘•–‘ †‡ “—‡ ‘ ‹•Ž  ± ’ƒ…‹ϐ‹•–ƒǡ
”‡‹–‡”ƒ†‘ †‹˜‡”•ƒ• ˜‡œ‡• “—‡ •‡—• ˆ—†ƒ‡–‘• •‡”‹ƒ Š‘×Ž‘‰‘• ƒ‘• †‘ ”‡‰‹‡
democrático. Apesar de encontrarem certa ressonância na tradição muçulmana, o
Œ‹Šƒ†‹•‘ǡ ‘ Ž‹–‡”ƒŽ‹•‘ ‡ ‘ ‹•Žƒ‹•‘ •‡”‹ƒ …‘‘ ƒ••‹‡–”‹ƒ• ˆ”ƒ…–ƒ‹• ƒ•…‹†ƒ• †‡
‡š…‡­Ù‡•Š‹•–×”‹…ƒ•‡†‡–—”’ƒ­Ù‡•‡š‡‰±–‹…ƒ•‡‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹˜ƒ•ǡ†‹•–ƒ…‹ƒ†‘Ǧ•‡–ƒ–‘†‘•
’”‹…À’‹‘•‰‡”ƒ‹•†‘•—‹•‘“—ƒ–‘†‘š‹‹•‘Ǥ‡–”‡‘•’”‹…‹’ƒ‹•ˆƒ–‘”‡•‡†×‰‡‘•ǡ
‡•–ƒ”‹ƒ ‘ ƒˆƒ•–ƒ‡–‘ †ƒ Œ—˜‡–—†‡ ‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ †ƒ –”ƒ†‹­ ‘ǡ ƒ ‰Ž‘„ƒŽ‹œƒ­ ‘ ‡ ƒ ‹–‡”‡–ǡ
“—‡ –‡”‹ƒ …‘†—œ‹†‘ ’‡••‘ƒ• †‡ ˆ‘”ƒ †‘ ‹•Ž  ‡ —ƒ Œ—˜‡–—†‡ †‡•‡”ƒ‹œƒ†ƒ ƒ Ž‡”‡
diretamente o Alcorão sem a correta orientação de um sacerdote, ancião ou sábio
“—‡ ’—†‡••‡ ϐ‹Ž–”ƒ” ƒ •—ƒ Ž‡‹–—”ƒ …‘ˆ‘”‡ †‹”‡–”‹œ‡• ‡ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ­Ù‡• …‘•‡•—ƒ‹• Œž
estabelecidas. Assim, a autonomia intelectual levaria a uma interpretação errônea da lei
‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒǤ‘ˆƒ–‘”‡†×‰‡‘•‡…‘„‹ƒ”‹ƒ‘ˆƒ–‘”‡š×‰‡‘†ƒ‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒ‘…‹†‡–ƒŽǡ’‡Ž‘
”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ‹•‘ƒŽǦƒ…‘‘†ƒ†‘˜‹ƒ†‘‹ƒ­ ‘‹’‡”‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ‡’‡Žƒ–”ƒ•ˆ‡”²…‹ƒ†‡‘†‡Ž‘•
ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ‹•–ƒ•–‘–ƒŽ‹–ƒ”‹•–ƒ•Ǥ‹•Žƒ‹•‘±ƒ„‘”†ƒ†‘ǡ‡– ‘ǡ…‘‘—ˆ‡Ø‡‘’‘ŽÀ–‹…‘
”‡…‡–‡ǡ—ƒ‡•’±…‹‡†‡ ”ƒ‡•–‡‹“—‡‡‡”‰‡†‘‡…‘–”‘‡‹…‘’”‡‡• ‘ï–—‘•
‡–”‡——†‘Žƒ‹…‘ǡ†‘‹ƒ†‘”ǡ‘…‹†‡–ƒŽ‡‘—–”‘–‡À•–ƒǡ“—‡”‡•’‘†‡ǡ’‘”˜‡œ‡•ǡ‡
”‡ƒ­Ù‡•†‡•‡•’‡”ƒ†ƒ•‡ǡ’‘”‹••‘ǡŽ‡–ƒ‹•ǤŒ—•–‹ϐ‹…ƒ†ƒ•ǡ±…‡”–‘ǣ’ƒ”ƒ‘ƒ—–‘”ǡ‡••‡•Œ‹Šƒ†‹•–ƒ•
• ‘ƒ’‡ƒ•ƒ••ƒ••‹‘•ǡ…”‹‹‘•‘•Ǣƒ˜‡”†ƒ†‡ǡƒ–‹Ǧ‹•ŽŸ‹…‘•‡•—ƒ‡••²…‹ƒǤ
 –‡š–‘ǡ …‘ ‡ˆ‡‹–‘ǡ  ‘ •‡ ”‡•–”‹‰‡ ƒ‘ ‹•Žƒ‹•‘ ‡ –‡ ƒ ƒ„‹­ ‘ ƒ‹‘” †‡
ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ” ‘ ‹•Ž  …‘‘ ”‡ˆï‰‹‘ …‹˜‹Ž‹œƒ–×”‹‘ Ȃ †ƒÀ ‘ •‡–‹†‘ †‘ –‡”‘ Dz…ƒ•ƒ †‘ ‹•Ž dzǤ
 •—ƒ Š‹•–×”‹ƒ †‡ •À–‡•‡ǡ ‘ ƒ—–‘” –”ƒ•‹–ƒ †‘• ’”‹×”†‹‘• †ƒ ”‡˜‡Žƒ­ ‘ ƒ‘• ƒ–ƒ“—‡•
–‡””‘”‹•–ƒ•Ǣ†‘‡•’Ž‡†‘”†ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‘—”‘ƒ„ž••‹†ƒ•†‹•…”‡’Ÿ…‹ƒ•‘–‘ƒƒ•Ǣ†ƒ•ƒ’‹²…‹ƒ
†‘• †‡˜‘–‘• †‡ –‡’‘• ’”±Ǧ‹•ŽŸ‹…‘• ƒ‘• •ƒ‰—‹ž”‹‘• ‡š–”‡‹•–ƒ• †ƒ À”‹ƒ ƒ–—ƒŽǢ †ƒ
‹–‡Ž‹‰²…‹ƒ‡‹…ƒ—–ƒŽ‹„‡”ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡†‡›•Šƒ‹•‘‰‹‹ƒ‹…‘–”‘Žž˜‡Ž†‘•…‹˜‹•‡‰À’…‹‘•‡
–—‹•‹ƒ‘•‡’Ž‡ƒ”‹ƒ˜‡”ƒ”ƒ„‡Ǣ†‘ƒ–‹ˆ‡‹‹•‘†ƒ•—ŽŠ‡”‡•ƒˆ‡‰ •‡‹”ƒ‹ƒƒ•
“—‡ǡ’ƒ”ƒ†‹ˆ‡”‡…‹ƒ”‡Ǧ•‡†ƒ••—’‡”‡š’‘•–ƒ•‡ƒ“—‹ƒ†ƒ•‘…‹†‡–ƒ‹•ǡ•‡ƒ’”‹•‹‘ƒ”ƒ
ƒ‘• ‡‰”‘• ˜±—• ‘— …‘Ž‘”‹†ƒ• „—”…ƒ•Ǣ †‘• ƒ’ƒ‹š‘ƒ†‘• À•–‹…‘• ƒ–‹‰‘• ƒ‘•
ƒ†Š‹•
ƒ–‹…‘Ž‘‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ•Ǥ‡‘•‡š‡’Ž‘•‡ƒ•’ƒ••ƒ‰‡•ƒ’”‡•‡–ƒ†‘•’‘†‡’ƒ”‡…‡”–”‹˜‹ƒ‹•ƒ
——­—Žƒ‘‹•–”—À†‘ǡ• ‘ǡƒ•ƒ‹•†ƒ•˜‡œ‡•ǡ†‡•…‘Š‡…‹†‘•†‘’ï„Ž‹…‘ ‘‹•ŽŸ‹…‘
‡ǡ‹…Ž—•‹˜‡ǡ†‡—­—Žƒ‘•”‡…±Ǧ…‘˜‡”–‹†‘•‘—ƒŽ‹‡ƒ†‘•†ƒ–”ƒ†‹­ ‘Ǥƒ—–‘”ǡ“—‡±
MALALA, São Paulo v. 7, n. 10 – Ago. 2019 137
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—­—Žƒ‘’”ƒ–‹…ƒ–‡ǡˆƒœƒ•˜‡œ‡•ǡ‡– ‘ǡ†‡ulemáǣ‘•ž„‹‘‘—‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‹•–ƒ“—‡‹–”‘†—œ
o entendimento da palavra e da história.
 Ž‹˜”‘ ’ƒ”‡…‡ ‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ‡–‡ ˜‘Ž–ƒ†‘ ’ƒ”ƒ ƒ“—‡Ž‡• “—‡ǡ — ‹•–‘ †‡
incompreensão e preconceitos, costumam transferir a culpa de criminosos psicopatas
’ƒ”ƒ–‘†ƒ—ƒ•‘…‹‡†ƒ†‡“—‡±ǡƒ•ƒ‹•†ƒ•˜‡œ‡•ǡ’ƒ…Àϐ‹…ƒ‡Šƒ”‘‹‘•ƒǤ‘”˜‡œ‡•ǡ‡Ž‡
parece também instruir os próprios fanáticos, reeducando-os a serem bons muçulmanos.
—‹–ƒ•˜‡œ‡•‹••‘±ˆ‡‹–‘’‘”‡‹‘†‡”‡Žƒ–‘•”‘ƒ…‡ƒ†‘•ǡ”‡…—”•‘”‡–×”‹…‘–‹’‹…ƒ‡–‡
•—ϐ‹ “—‡ •‡”˜‡ Œ—•–ƒ‡–‡ ’ƒ”ƒ ‹†—œ‹” ‘ Ž‡‹–‘” ƒ — ‡•–ƒ†‘ †‡ ”‡…‡’–‹˜‹†ƒ†‡ ƒ…”À–‹…ƒǤ
ˆ‡Ž‹œ‡–‡ǡ ’‘”±ǡ —‹–‘• †‡Ž‡• …ƒ”‡…‡ ‡ ƒ„•‘Ž—–‘ †‡ ˆ—†ƒ‡–‘ Š‹•–×”‹…‘ ‘— ‘
•‡—•‹„‘Ž‹•‘ ‘±•ƒ–‹•ˆƒ–‘”‹ƒ‡–‡‡š’Ž‘”ƒ†‘’‡Ž‘ƒ—–‘”ǡ…‘‘–‡–ƒ”‡‹’‘–—ƒ”ƒ•
’ž‰‹ƒ••‡‰—‹–‡•‡”‡Žƒ­ ‘ƒ‘Ž…‘” ‘ǡƒ—‹ǡƒ‘•—ϐ‹•‘‡ƒ—†‹­ ‘À•–‹…ƒǤ
 ‘‘ –‘†‘ —­—Žƒ‘ǡ ‘ ƒ—–‘” …‘•‹†‡”ƒ — ‰”ƒ†‡ ˆ‡‹–‘ “—‡ ‘ Ž…‘” ‘ǡ
•—’‘•–ƒ‡–‡ †‹ˆ‡”‡–‡ †ƒ À„Ž‹ƒǡ –‡Šƒ —ƒ ˆ‘–‡ …ƒ ‡ ‡•–‡Œƒ ‹ƒŽ–‡”ƒ†‘ ‡ •‡—
–‡‘”‘”‹‰‹ƒŽǡ ’‡”ƒ‡…‡†‘‹†²–‹…‘ƒ–”ƒ˜±•†ƒ•ŽÀ‰—ƒ• ‡†‘•–‡’‘•Ǥ‘–—†‘ǡ•ƒ„‡Ǧ
•‡ Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒ‡–‡ “—‡ǡ “—ƒ†‘ ƒ‘± ‘””‡—ǡ Šƒ˜‹ƒ ƒ’‡ƒ• ˆ”ƒ‰‡–‘• †‡ –‡š–‘•ǡ †‡
†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡• –ƒƒŠ‘• ‡ …‘–‡ï†‘ǡ ‘• “—ƒ‹• ˆ‘”ƒ ”‡—‹†‘• ʹͲ ƒ‘• ƒ’ו ƒ •—ƒ ‘”–‡ ‡
’ƒ†”‘‹œƒ†‘• —ƒ ˜‡”• ‘ ‘ϐ‹…‹ƒŽ ƒ ƒ†‘ †‘ …ƒŽ‹ˆƒ –Šƒǡ “—‡ †‡–‡”‹‘— “—‡ ‘•
”‡‰‹•–”‘• ‘”‹‰‹ƒ‹• ˆ‘••‡ “—‡‹ƒ†‘•Ǥ3  Ž‹˜”‘ †‘ Ž…‘” ‘ǡ “—‡ •‹‰‹ϐ‹…ƒ Œ—•–ƒ‡–‡
Dz”‡…‹–ƒ­ ‘dzǡˆ‘‹‡†‹–ƒ†‘’ƒ”ƒ‡••‡ϐ‹‡’—„Ž‹…ƒ†‘’‘”’”‹‡‹”ƒ˜‡œ‡ƒ‰†ž•‘‡–‡…‡
ƒ‘•ƒ’וƒ‘”–‡†‘’”‘ˆ‡–ƒǤ‡•‘ƒ••‹ǡ”‡•–ƒ†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡•ƒ—•…”‹–‘•‡‡†‹­Ù‡•ǡ„‡
como diferentes códices do livro preservados em acervos islâmicos,4…—ŒƒŽ‡‰‹–‹‹†ƒ†‡±
…‘ϐ‹”ƒ†ƒ’‡Žƒ••‡–‡ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•”‡…‹–ƒ†‘”ƒ•‘ϐ‹…‹ƒ‹•“—‡’”‡•‡”˜ƒ‘•‡–‹†‘‘”ƒŽ†‘
livro religioso.5 Ademais, há pelo menos três˜‡”•Ù‡•standard, além das não reconhecidas,
‡…‹”…—Žƒ­ ‘ƒƒ–—ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡ǣƒƒ”•Šǡƒƒˆ•‡ƒš‹‹–ƒȋƒ””ƒ“ǡʹͲͲͺȌǤ
•’‡•“—‹•ƒ†‘”‡•†ƒ•…‘Žƒ‡˜‹•‹‘‹•–ƒ†‡•–—†‘••ŽŸ‹…‘•†ƒSchool of Oriental
and African Studies†‡‘†”‡•“—‡•‡†‡„”—­ƒ”ƒ•‘„”‡–ƒ‹•ƒ—•…”‹–‘•‡‘—–”ƒ•ˆ‘–‡•
Š‹•–×”‹…ƒ• †‘• •±…—Ž‘•  ‡  ȋƒ•„”‘—‰Šǡ ʹͲͲͶȌ ‹†‹…ƒ “—‡ ƒ‘± •‡ Ž‡‰‹–‹‘—
…‘‘’”‘ˆ‡–ƒ…‘„ƒ•‡ƒ˜‘Ž–ƒ†‘’ƒ”ž…Ž‹–‘ȋ‡•’À”‹–‘•ƒ–‘Ȍǡƒ—…‹ƒ†‘‘˜ƒ‰‡ŽŠ‘†‡
3
‡ƒ…‘”†‘…‘‘Šž†‹…‡…‘’‹Žƒ†‘’‘”ƒŠ‹Š—Šƒ”‹ȋ˜‘ŽǤ͸ǡŽ‹˜”‘͸ͳǡï‡”‘ͷͳͲȌǡ…‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘Ž‡‰À–‹‘
‡…ƒØ‹…‘Ǥ‹•’‘À˜‡Ž‡ǣŠ––’•ǣȀȀ•ƒŠ‹ŠǦ„—Šƒ”‹Ǥ…‘Ȁƒ‰‡•Ȁ—Šƒ”‹̴͸̴͸ͳǤ’Š’Ǥ
4
 ž˜ƒ”‹ƒ­Ù‡•‡–”‡ǡ’‡Ž‘‡‘•ǡ‘••‡‰—‹–‡•”‡‰‹•–”‘•ǣͳȌƒ•†—ƒ••—”ƒ•†ƒ–ƒ†ƒ•†ƒ±’‘…ƒ†‡ƒ‘±ȋ‘—
†‡ ƒ–‡•ǨȌ ‡…‘–”ƒ†ƒ• ”‡…‡–‡‡–‡ ‡ ‹”‹‰Šƒǡ …—Œ‘ –‡‘” †‹˜‡”‰‡ †‘• †‡ƒ‹• ƒ—•…”‹–‘•Ǣ ʹȌ ‘•
ƒ—•…”‹–‘•“—‡•‡‰—‡‘’ƒ†” ‘—–ŠŸ‹…‘ǡ…‘ͳͳͶ…ƒ’À–—Ž‘•ǡ†‡ƒƒǯƒǡ²‡ȋ†‘ϐ‹ƒŽ†‘•±…—Ž‘Ȍǡ
…‘—–‡š–‘†‹ˆ‡”‡–‡†‘—•ƒ†‘Š‘Œ‡Ǣ͵Ȍ‘ƒ—•…”‹–‘†‡‘’ƒ’‹ȋ—”“—‹ƒȌǢͶȌ‘ƒ—•…”‹–‘†‡ƒ•Š‡–
ȋœ„‡“—‹•– ‘ȌǢͷȌƒ˜‡”• ‘…‘†‡š„ƒ•—†ǡ…‘ͳͳ͵…ƒ’À–—Ž‘•Ǣ͸Ȍƒ˜‡”• ‘…‘†‡š„ƒ›Ǣ͹Ȍƒ˜‡”• ‘…‘†‡š
„——•ƒǡ…‘ͳͳ͸…ƒ’À–—Ž‘•ǢͺȌƒ˜‡”• ‘—”ƒ‹ǡ…‘ͳͳͺ…ƒ’À–—Ž‘•ǢͻȌƒ˜‡”• ‘š‹‹–ƒŽ‹Žƒ›ƒǡ…‘ͳͺͺ
…ƒ’À–—Ž‘•Ǣ ͳͲȌ ƒ ˜‡”• ‘ ƒ”•Š ȋ‘‡•–‡ ‡ ‘”‘‡•–‡ †ƒ ˆ”‹…ƒȌǢ ‡ ͳͳȌ ƒ ˜‡”• ‘ ƒˆ• ȋ†‡ —ˆƒȌǡ †‹•’‘À˜‡Ž ƒ
‡†‹­ ‘‡‰À’…‹ƒ’ƒ†” ‘†‡ͳͻʹͶȋƒ””ƒ“ǡʹͲͲͺȌǤ
5
‡•’‘•ž˜‡‹•’‡Žƒ–”ƒ•‹•• ‘‘”ƒŽ†‘Ž‹˜”‘†‡•†‡‘•±…—Ž‘ǡ• ‘ƒ•…ƒ†‡‹ƒ•†‡”‡…‹–ƒ­ ‘ǣƒϐ‹ǯȋ‡†‹ƒȌǡ
„Šƒ–‹”ȋ‡…ƒȌǡ„—Ǯ”ƒŽǯǦǮŽƒǯȋƒƒ•…‘Ȍǡ„Ǯ‹”ȋƒ•”ƒȌǡƒœƒŠ‡ƒŽ‹•ƒǯ‹‡„—ƒ”Ǯ•‹ȋƒ•
–”²•†‡—ˆƒȌǤ••ƒ•ƒ—–‘”‹†ƒ†‡•…‘•‹†‡”ƒ“—‡ƒ•†‹ˆ‡”‡­ƒ•‡–”‡‘•ƒ—•…”‹–‘•• ‘ƒ’‡ƒ•‰”žϐ‹…ƒ•‘—
‡Ø‹…ƒ•ǡƒ•‘•Ž‹‰—‹•–ƒ•†‹•…‘”†ƒ‡‹†‹…ƒ†‹ˆ‡”‡­ƒ•‰”ƒƒ–‹…ƒ‹•‡–‡š–—ƒ‹••—„•–ƒ…‹ƒ‹•ȋƒ””ƒ“ǡ
2008).

138 MALALA, São Paulo v. 7, n. 10 – Ago. 2019

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 ‘ ‘ ‘ȋͳͶǣʹ͸Ȍǡ‡ƒ†‡•…‡†²…‹ƒž”ƒ„‡†‡„”ƒ ‘ǡ’”‡˜‹•–ƒ‘
²‡•‡ȋͳͷǦʹͳȌǡ…—Œ‘
ϐ‹ŽŠ‘„ƒ•–ƒ”†‘ǡ•ƒ‡Žǡƒ…ƒ„‘—’‘”Šƒ„‹–ƒ”ƒ•–‡””ƒ•†‡‡…ƒǡŽ—‰ƒ”‹†‡–‹ϐ‹…ƒ†‘‘Ž…‘” ‘
como Meca (Lings, 2010). Maomé teria se promovido como profeta cristão da linhagem
†‡„”ƒ ‘ȋ ‡””ÀǡʹͲͳͺȌǡ…‘‘”‡Žƒ–ƒ‘’”×’”‹‘—•ƒ‹Ǥ‘”±ǡ–‡”‹ƒ•‘„”‡••ƒÀ†‘…‘‘
ŽÀ†‡”‘‘–‡À•–ƒ‡‡‹‘ƒ‘•’‘Ž‹–‡À•–ƒ•†‡˜‹†‘••—ƒ•Šƒ„‹Ž‹†ƒ†‡•’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒ•‡‹Ž‹–ƒ”‡•
ƒ‹• †‘ “—‡ ƒ‘• †‘• ’”‘ˆ±–‹…‘• ȋƒ”‰‘Ž‹‘—–Šǡ ʹͲͳʹȌǡ ‹•–‘ ±ǡ  ‘ ‡šƒ–ƒ‡–‡ †‡ ˆ‘”ƒ
‹Ž—‹ƒ†ƒ‡’ƒ…‹ϐ‹•–ƒǤ
‘Ž–ƒ†‘ƒ‘Ž‹˜”‘ǡ†‡•…‘„”‹”‡‘•ǡ‡—†‘•”‡Žƒ–‘•ǡ“—‡ƒ ‡†‡ƒ‘±ǡ“—ƒ†‘
‰”ž˜‹†ƒǡ–‹˜‡”ƒ—•‘Š‘…‘‘ƒŒ‘
ƒ„”‹‡Žǡ“—‡ŽŠ‡…‘–ƒ”ƒ“—‡•‡—ϐ‹ŽŠ‘•—’Žƒ–ƒ”‹ƒƒ•
…ƒ•ƒ•†‡‘ƒ‡†ƒ±”•‹ƒǤ‘Œ‡‡†‹ƒǡ–‘†‘••ƒ„‡”‹ƒƒ†‹˜‹Šƒ”“—‡ƒ…ƒ•ƒ†‡‘ƒ±
‘…”‹•–‹ƒ‹•‘ǡƒ•‡ƒ…ƒ•ƒ†ƒ±”•‹ƒǡ“—‡”‡Ž‹‰‹ ‘ƒ„”‹‰ƒ˜ƒǫ”‡Ž‹‰‹ ‘’”‡†‘‹ƒ–‡ƒ
±”•‹ƒǡ†‡•†‡ƒ‘‡‘•‘•±…—Ž‘ƒ–‡•†‡”‹•–‘ƒ–±ƒ…Š‡‰ƒ†ƒ†‘‹•Ž ǡˆ‘‹‘œ‘”‘ƒ•–”‹•‘ǡ
ƒ“—ƒŽ•‡’”ƒ–‹…ƒ…‹…‘‘”ƒ­Ù‡•†‹ž”‹ƒ•‡†‹”‡­ ‘ƒ‘•‘Žȋ‘—ƒ‘ˆ‘‰‘Ȍǡ“—‡±‡ƒƒ­ ‘†‡
Š—”ƒƒœ†ƒȋ‡—•ž„‹‘Ȍǡƒ’ו’—”‹ϐ‹…ƒ”‡ƒ•‡š–”‡‹†ƒ†‡•†‘…‘”’‘…‘ž‰—ƒǡ‡••²…‹ƒ•
‡׎‡‘•Ǥ•ƒ…‡”†×…‹‘±ˆ—­ ‘Š‡”‡†‹–ž”‹ƒ ‘‡š…Ž—•‹˜ƒƒ‘•Š‘‡•ǡŠž’‡”‡‰”‹ƒ­Ù‡••
•‡–‡‘–ƒŠƒ•ƒ‰”ƒ†ƒ•‡—Œ‡Œ—”‹–—ƒŽ†‡…ƒ”‡‘ͳͳ͑²•“—‡ƒ–‡…‡†‡ƒ’”‹ƒ˜‡”ƒ
no hemisfério Norte. Tudo isso desde ao menos 12 séculos antes do salat muçulmano, do
”ƒƒ†  ‡ †ƒ ’‡”‡‰”‹ƒ­ ‘ ƒ ‡…ƒ •‡”‡ ‹˜‡–ƒ†‘•Ǥ ’‡•ƒ”†‡”‡Žƒ–ƒ” …Žƒ”ƒ‡–‡ “—‡
Maomé viria suplantar e suceder a casa de Roma e da Pérsia, o autor não se detém nessa
‘—–”ƒDz…ƒ•ƒ†‡‡—•dz‘”‹‡–ƒŽǤ
‘–—†‘ǡ±‹’”‡•…‹†À˜‡Ž…‘•‹†‡”ƒ”‘œ‘”‘ƒ•–”‹•‘…‘‘—ƒϐŽ—‡–‡†‘‹•Ž ǡ’‘‹•
± —ƒ ‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒ …ƒ”ƒ ƒ‘ ‹•–‹…‹•‘ ‹•ŽŸ‹…‘ǡ Œž “—‡ ˆ‘‹ ‘ •‡— –‡…‹†‘ •‹…”±–‹…‘ “—‡ ƒ
À•–‹…ƒ•—ϐ‹•‡…‘•‘Ž‹†‘—…‘‘—ƒ†‘—–”‹ƒƒ‘”‘•ƒ†‡Ž‹‰—ƒ‰‡’‘±–‹…ƒǤ‘ƒ’ƒ”–‡
†‘•’”‹‡‹”‘•‡•–”‡••—ϐ‹•“—‡‡•…”‡˜‡”ƒ–”ƒ–ƒ†‘•À•–‹…‘•‡ϐ‹Ž‘•×ϐ‹…‘•‹’‘”–ƒ–‡•ǡ
…‘‘ —Œ™‹”‹ǡ ƒ””ƒŒǡ ––ƒ”ǡ ƒƒ‹ǡ Žˆƒ”ƒ„‹ǡ Šƒ†
ŠƒœƒŽ‹ǡ Ž‰ƒœƒŽ‹ ‡ ƒ–± ˜‹…‡ƒ ȋ“—‡
 ‘ ‡”ƒ •—ϐ‹ǨȌǡ ± ’‡”•ƒ ‡ǡ ‡„‘”ƒ ‡•…”‡˜‡••‡ ‡ ž”ƒ„‡ ‡ ˆ‘••‡ —­—Žƒ‘•ǡ ‡•–ƒ˜ƒ
‡”ƒ‹œƒ†ƒƒ“—‡Žƒ…—Ž–—”ƒǤ—–”‘’‡”•ƒ‹Ž—•–”‡±‘’‘‡–ƒ•—ϐ‹ ƒŽƒŽ††‹—‹Ǥ„‘”ƒ
tivesse feito o seu hajjƒ‡…ƒǡ‘’‘‡–ƒ–‹Šƒ’‘”’‡”‡‰”‹ƒ­ ‘ƒ†ƒ­ƒ†‘•ƒ•–”‘•ǤDz‘†‘•
‘•ž–‘‘•‰‹”ƒ‡š–ƒ•‹ƒ†‘•‡–‘”‘†‘•‘Ždzȋƒ”˜ƒŽŠ‘ǡͳͻͻ͸ǡ…‘–”ƒ…ƒ’ƒȌǡ†‹œ‡•‡—•
versos.
Ž±†‡–‡”…”‹ƒ†‘ƒˆƒ‘•ƒ‘”†‡†‘•†‡”˜‹š‡•”‘†‘’‹ƒ–‡•†‡‘›ƒ‘•±…—Ž‘
ǡ ƒ —”“—‹ƒǡ ƒ‘†‡ …Š‡‰‘— …‘ ƒ ˆƒÀŽ‹ƒǡ ˆ—‰‹†‘ †ƒ• ‹˜ƒ•Ù‡• ‘‰×‹•ǡ —‹ •‡
tornou um dos maiores autores muçulmanos por causa do Masnavi MathnawiȋÀ•–‹…‘•
•’‹”‹–—ƒ‹•Ȍǡ•‡—±’‹…‘–‡‘•×ϐ‹…‘ƒ’‡Ž‹†ƒ†‘†‡DzŽ…‘” ‘‡’‡”•ƒdzǤ—•ƒ‹‘…‹–ƒ†‹˜‡”•ƒ•
˜‡œ‡•ƒ–”ƒ†—­ ‘†‡‘Ž‡ƒƒ”•ǡ͸’‘”±•—ƒ••‡Ž‡­Ù‡•–²‘–‘new age da recriação
feita pelo norte-americano, pois o registro de linguagem foge ao original, especialmente
͸

”ƒ­ƒ• •”‡…”‹ƒ­Ù‡•‡™ ƒ‰‡ †‡ƒ”•ǡ‘’‘‡–ƒ •—ϐ‹•‡–‘”‘—ˆƒ‘•À••‹‘‡’ƒ••‘—ƒ •‡”–”ƒ†—œ‹†‘‡
”‡…”‹ƒ†‘’‘”—ƒ‹”Àƒ†‡†‡ƒ—–‘”‡•‡–‘†‘‘—†‘ǡ…Š‡‰ƒ†‘ƒ•‡”‘ƒ‹•˜‡†‹†‘‡Ž‹†‘‘•‘
século XX,•‡‰—†‘ ”ƒŽ‹‡™‹•ȋʹͲͲͺǣͷͺͳȌǤ

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‘ –”‡…Š‘ ‡ “—‡ •‡ †‡•…”‡˜‡ ‘ ‡…‘–”‘ •‡š—ƒŽ †‡ — Š‘‡ ‹ϐ‹‡Ž …‘ ƒ •—ƒ •‡”˜ƒ
‡†‡–ƒŽŠ‡•„ƒ•–ƒ–‡‡š’ŽÀ…‹–‘•ȋʹʹͲǦʹʹʹȌǤ‡•‘’‡”–‹‡–‡ƒ‘ƒ”‰—‡–‘†‘ƒ—–‘”ǡƒ
‡•…‘ŽŠƒ‡’ƒ”‡…‡—‹ˆ‡Ž‹œ’ƒ”ƒ‡š’”‡••ƒ”ƒ•ƒ’‹²…‹ƒ‡ƒ‰”ƒ†‡œƒ‡•’‹”‹–—ƒŽ†‘‡•–”‡
•—ϐ‹‡ˆƒ…‡†‘‘”ƒŽ‹•‘‡š–”‡‹•–ƒǤ
‘•‹†‡”‘ ‘’‘”–—‘ …‹–ƒ”ǡ ƒ ’”‘’ו‹–‘ †‘ …”—œƒ‡–‘ †‡ –‡ƒ•ǡ — –”‡…Š‘ †‘
discurso de Rumi a respeito da jihad. ƒ”ƒ‘—ŽƒƒȋDz‘‡•–”‡dzǡ…‘‘±…Šƒƒ†‘Ȍǡƒ“—‡Ž‡•
“—‡•‡ƒ–²ƒ‘ƒ•’‡…–‘‡š–‡”‹‘” • ‘Dz…”‹ƒ­ƒ•‡‹ƒ–—”ƒ•ǡƒ‹†ƒ“—‡•‡Œƒ•Š‡‹••—ϐ‹•
†‡…‡ƒ‘•dzǤ‡˜‡‘•ǡ†‹œ‡Ž‡ǡDz‘•˜‘Ž–ƒ”†ƒ‰—‡””ƒ‡‘”’ƒ”ƒŽ—–ƒ”ƒ•ƒ‰”ƒ†ƒ‰—‡””ƒ
ƒ‹‘”dz…‘–”ƒDz‘•‡š±”…‹–‘•†ƒ‡–‡ǡ‡– ‘‘•’‡•ƒ‡–‘•†‡•‡Œž˜‡‹•‹” ‘†‡””‘–ƒ”‘•
destrutivos e dirigi-los para fora do reino dos nossos corpos. Esta, na verdade, é a grande
„ƒ–ƒŽŠƒ‡ƒ‰”ƒ†‡‰—‡””ƒdzȋ—‹ǡʹͲͲͶǣͳͲͺǦͳͲͻȌǤ‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ’ƒ”ƒ‘•—ϐ‹ǡƒjihad é esforço
‘”ƒŽ‡‡•’‹”‹–—ƒŽǢƒ‰—‡””ƒ‡š–‡”‹‘”±—‡””‘…”ƒ••‘Ǣƒ’‡ƒ•ƒ†ƒ­ƒǡ‡••‡•‡–‹†‘ǡ±
—ƒ‡š’”‡•• ‘†‹‰ƒǤ‘…‘–”ž”‹‘†‘“—‡ƒϐ‹”ƒ—•ƒ‹ǡ—‹—…ƒ†ƒ­‘—’‘””‡„‡Ž†‹ƒ
Š‡”‡‰‡ǡ’‘‹•†‡•†‡‘•±…—Ž‘ƒ’”ž–‹…ƒ‡•–ƒ˜ƒŽ‹„‡”ƒ†ƒ‘‹•Ž Ǥ7 Nada o impedia de dançar
e, inclusive, ele próprio emitiu fatwas (decretos ou licenças religiosas) em favor da dança.
‘‰‘ƒ’וƒ•—ƒ‘”–‡±“—‡ƒ…‡•—”ƒ”‡–‘”ƒ”‹ƒˆ‘”–‡‡–‡‡ǡ†‡•†‡‡– ‘ǡmesmo entre
‘••—ϔ‹•ǡ ‘•‡ƒ†‹–‹—ƒ‹•‘ƒ••—–‘‘‹•Ž ǡ‹…Ž—•‹˜‡‘•Ž—‰ƒ”‡•‡“—‡”‡…‡–‡‡–‡
voltouƒ•‡”’”‘‹„‹†ƒǡ…‘‘ˆ‡‰ƒ‹•– ‘ǡ” ‡”ž„‹ƒƒ—†‹–ƒǡ…‘‘’ƒ”–‡†‘˜‡–‘ƒ–‘†ƒ
inovação religiosa.
Não é …‘‹…‹†²…‹ƒ“—‡ƒ“—‡Ž‡•“—‡–²—’‡†‘”‡•’‡…‹ƒŽ’‡ŽƒÀ•–‹…ƒ˜‹ƒ†‡”‡‰”ƒ
ƒ„‘‹‡ ‘ ˆƒƒ–‹•‘ ‡š–”‡‹•–ƒ ‡ ˜‹…‡ ˜‡”•ƒǤ  ‡–‘” Dz‡•’‹”‹–—ƒŽdz †‡ ƒŠƒ„ ‡ǡ ’‘”
…‘•‡‰—‹–‡ǡ†‘••ƒŽƒϐ‹–ƒ•Ǧ™ƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ•±Œ—•–ƒ‡–‡„ƒ›››ƒǡ‘’‹‘”‹‹‹‰‘†‘••—ϐ‹•ǡ
“—‡…‘†‡‘—–‘†ƒ•ƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ•†‡‹‘˜ƒ­ ‘”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•ƒŒž‘•±…—Ž‘Ǥ’‡“—‡‘†‡–ƒŽŠ‡ǡ
…‘–—†‘ǡ’‘†‡”‹ƒ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‹œƒ”ƒ‘­ ‘†‡—‹•Ž ’ƒ…Àϐ‹…‘ƒ…‘…Š‡‰ƒ†‘‘•‡‹‘ƒ–‡”‘†‡
—•—ϐ‹•‘ƒ‘”‘•‘ǡ…‘‘—•ƒ‹…‘•‡‰—‡‘•–”ƒ•‹–‹”Ǥ„ƒ›››ƒ±…‘•‹†‡”ƒ†‘ǡ
’‘” •‹ ‡•‘ ‡ ’‘” —‹–‘• —­—Žƒ‘• ‘”–‘†‘š‘•ǡ — •—ϐ‹Ǩ  •—ϐ‹ Šƒ„ƒŽ‹–ƒ ‡ǡ ’‘”
…‘•‡‰—‹–‡ǡ—’—”‹•–ƒȋƒ•‹†‹ǡͳͻ͹ͳǣͳͳͷǦͳʹ͸ȌǤ••ƒƒ’ƒ”‡–‡…‘–”ƒ†‹­ ‘±’‘••À˜‡Ž
‡—‹•Ž ‡“—‡ƒ’—”‡œƒ‡‘’—”‹•‘•‡…‘ˆ—†‡Ǥ
•Šƒ„ƒŽ‹–ƒ•—…ƒ•‡‘’—•‡”ƒ–‘–ƒŽ‡–‡À•–‹…ƒ•—ϐ‹ǡ’‘‹•‡Žƒ‡”ƒ—…ƒ’‘
ˆ±”–‹Ž’ƒ”ƒƒ…‘˜‡”• ‘Ǣƒ’‡ƒ•ƒ†‘–ƒ”ƒƒ‡•–”ƒ–±‰‹ƒ†‡’—”‹ϐ‹…ƒ”‘••‡—•”‹–‘•‡…‘–ƒ”ƒ
’ƒ”ƒ‹••‘…‘—ƒƒŒ—†ƒ‹—•‹–ƒ†ƒǤ—•ƒ‹•‡”‡ˆ‡”‡…‘˜‡”• ‘†‘•‘‰×‹•…‘‘—
‰”ƒ†‡ˆ‡‹–‘Ǥ‘–—†‘ǡ‹‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡…‡•—”ƒ†‘•’‡Žƒ‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒšƒŸ‹…ƒ“—‡–”‘—š‡”ƒ
ƒ‘ •—ϐ‹•‘ǡ ƒ‘ •‡ …‘˜‡”–‡”‡ –‘”ƒ”ƒǦ•‡ –”‘’ƒ †‡ ‡Ž‹–‡ †‘• ’—”‹•–ƒ• ‡ ˜‘Ž–ƒ”ƒ ƒ‘
•‡—’ƒ••ƒ–‡’‘ˆƒ˜‘”‹–‘ǣ†‡•–”—‹”Ǥ‘…ƒ•‘†ƒƒ–׎‹ƒǡ‘ƒŽ˜‘‡”ƒ‹‰”‡Œƒ•‡•‹ƒ‰‘‰ƒ•‡
–‘†‘•‘•”‡‰‹•–”‘•‡•…”‹–‘•“—‡Šƒ˜‹ƒ†‡–”‘ǡ‹‹…‹ƒ†‘—ƒ…”—œƒ†ƒ“—‡–ƒ„±ˆ‘‹ƒ–‹Ǧ
Š‹•–‘”‹‘‰”žϐ‹…ƒȋ‡ƒ…‘…ǡ‡‹…‘Žƒ‡‹Ž†‹œǡʹͲͳͷȌǤmodus operandi mongol se combinou
ƒ‘ Šƒ„ƒŽ‹–ƒ ‡ ’‡‡–”‘— ƒ–± ƒ ‡†—Žƒ ƒ Š‹•–‘”‹‘‰”ƒϐ‹ƒ —­—Žƒƒǡ “—‡ǡ †‡•†‡ ‡– ‘ǡ
’ƒ”ƒ—•ƒ”ƒ‡š’”‡•• ‘†‡‡”‹‘”„‹ǡ±ƒ„•‘Ž—–ƒ‡–‡Š‹‡”‘ǦŠ‹•–×”‹…ƒǣ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ†ƒ’‡Žƒ
7

”ƒ­ƒ•†‡ˆ‡•ƒ†‡Ž‰ƒœƒŽ‹ȋͳͲͷͺǦͳͳͳͳȌȋͳͻͲͳǣͳͻͷǦʹͷʹǢ͹ͲͷǦ͹ͶͺȌǤ

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Ž×‰‹…ƒ…‹”…—Žƒ”‡‡•‘–±”‹…ƒǡ”‡‹••‹˜ƒƒ‘Ž…‘” ‘‡ƒ‘•Šž†‹…‡•Ǥ••‘‡š’Ž‹…ƒǡ ‡’ƒ”–‡ǡƒ

‹…‘‰”—²…‹ƒ‘–‘ƒƒ“—‡—•ƒ‹•‡‡•ˆ‘”­ƒ’‘”‡–‡†‡”Ǥ
 †‡„ƒ–‡ ‹–‡Ž‡…–—ƒŽ •—ϐ‹ǡ “—‡ ˆ‘‹ Šƒ„‹–—ƒŽ ‡–”‡ ‘• •±…—Ž‘•  ‡  ‡ •‡”˜‹— ’ƒ”ƒ
”‡–”‘ƒŽ‹‡–ƒ”ƒ†‘—–”‹ƒÀ•–‹…ƒǡƒ’ƒ”–‹”†‘•±…—Ž‘–ƒ„±•‡–‘”‘—†‘‰ž–‹…‘‡
•—…—„‹—ƒ‘Œ‘‰‘ƒ”†‹Ž‘•‘†ƒ…‡•—”ƒǡƒ„”‹†‘…ƒ‹Š‘’ƒ”ƒƒ–‡†²…‹ƒƒ„•–”ƒ…‹‘‹•–ƒ
“—‡’”‘Œ‡–‘—‘‹•Ž Dz’ƒ”ƒˆ‘”ƒdz†ƒŠ‹•–×”‹ƒǤ•—ϐ‹•‘•‡‘˜‡—ǡ‡– ‘ǡ†‡—ƒ’‡”•’‡…–‹˜ƒ
…”‹ƒ–‹˜ƒ‡ƒ–‹‘”–‘†‘šƒ’ƒ”ƒ—ƒ †‹Ÿ‹…ƒ’—”ƒ‡–‡†‡˜‘…‹‘ƒŽǤ‘ˆ‘”‡‘•”‡Žƒ–ƒ
—•ƒ‹ǡ ‘ ƒŒ‘
ƒ„”‹‡Ž ƒ’ƒ”‡…‡”ƒ ƒ ƒ‘± ƒ—…‹ƒ†‘ǦŽŠ‡ “—‡ ‡—• ŽŠ‡ ƒ†‘— ler.
‡†—œ‹‘• “—‡ ’‘” •‡” ƒƒŽˆƒ„‡–‘ ± “—‡ ‘ ’”‘ˆ‡–ƒ –‡”‹ƒǡ ‡– ‘ǡ •‡ …‘˜‡”–‹†‘ ‡ —
ouvido de Deus ȋŽ…‘” ‘ǡ ͻǣͶ͹Ǧ͸ͷȌǤ ‡”‹ƒ ‹–‡”‡••ƒ–‡ǡ …‘–—†‘ǡ “—‡ —•ƒ‹ ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ••‡
melhor a metáfora, pois a mudança de conduta em relação ao mandamento divino, de ler
para ouvirǡ–ƒ„±•‡†‡—Š‹•–‘”‹…ƒ‡–‡ǡŒž“—‡‘•—ϐ‹•‘ˆ‘‹‘„”‹‰ƒ†‘ƒƒ–‡”Ǧ•‡‘•
limites aceitáveis da religião e convergir com ela nesse ponto, o da audição. Deus mandou
ler, mas o devoto deve apenas ouvir‘“—‡•‡”‡˜‡Ž‘—Ǥ
‘ ƒ ‡–”‡‰ƒ ‘ …‘”ƒ­ ‘ ‡ ‘ ”‡ˆï‰‹‘ ‡ ‡—•ǡ ‘ •—ϐ‹ …‘ϐ‹‘— ƒ ‘”ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡ ‡
†‡–”‹‡–‘ †‘ ‹–‡Ž‡…–‘ ‡ ’ƒ••‘— ‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹˜ƒ‡–‡ ƒ ‡‰ƒ” ƒ …”À–‹…ƒ ‡ǡ ’‘” …‘•‡‰—‹–‡ǡ
ƒ ‡˜‹†²…‹ƒ Š‹•–×”‹…ƒǡ –ƒ–‘ †ƒ •—ƒ ’”×’”‹ƒ ‘”‹‰‡ •‹…”±–‹…ƒ “—ƒ–‘ †‘ Ž‹˜”‘ •ƒ‰”ƒ†‘Ǥ8
ƒ–‡†‘ƒ’ƒ‹š ‘‡‘²š–ƒ•‡…‘‘‘”–‡ƒ†‘”‡•À•–‹…‘•ǡ”‡Ž‡‰‘—Ǧ•‡ƒ‘•‡‰—†‘’Žƒ‘
o corpus †‘—–”‹ž”‹‘ …Žž••‹…‘ǡ “—‡ ‘”‹‡–ƒ˜ƒ ƒ —ƒ ”‹‰‘”‘•ƒ …‘–‡­ ‘ †‡ Ÿ‹‘•Ǥ ƒ
’”‡˜ƒŽ²…‹ƒ†ƒ‘”ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡‡ƒƒ—•²…‹ƒ”‡ϐŽ‡š‹˜ƒǡ•‘„“—ƒ‹•’ƒ”Ÿ‡–”‘••‡‡†‡‘ˆ‡”˜‘”
”‡Ž‹‰‹‘•‘ǫ‡‘‡•–”‡±‘†‡Ž‘†‡…‘†—–ƒ‡‘’”×’”‹‘•Š‡‹Šˆ‘”†ƒ†‘ƒƒ””‡„ƒ–ƒ‡–‘•
˜‹‘Ž‡–‘•ǡ — ˆƒž–‹…‘ ˆ‡””‡Š‘ ‘— ƒ••ƒ••‹‘ ƒ–”‘œǡ …‘‘ •‡” ‘ •‡—• •‡‰—‹†‘”‡•ǫ 
’ƒ…Àϐ‹…ƒ ‘”†‡ †‘ ƒ•…‡–ƒ ƒϐ‹ ƒŽǦ‹ǡ †‡ †ƒ”„‹Žǡ ˜‹—Ǧ•‡ …‘˜‡”–‹†ƒǡ ‡ –”²• •±…—Ž‘•ǡ ‘
ƒ‹•ˆ‘”–‡‡š±”…‹–‘•Š‹‹–ƒǡŽ‹†‡”ƒ†‘‘•±…—Ž‘’‘”ŠƒŠ•ƒ‹ŽǤ‘‘•‡—‡š±”…‹–‘†‡
ϐ‹±‹•ǡ‘ˆ—†ƒ†‘”†ƒ†‹ƒ•–‹ƒ•ƒˆž˜‹†ƒ†‘‹‘—ƒƒ”…ƒ†ƒ‡’”‘…Žƒ‘—Ǧ•‡”‡‹†ƒ±”•‹ƒǤ
ƒ”ƒ„”‹†ƒ”ƒ˜‹–×”‹ƒǡ˜‡”–‡—‘—”‘‘…”Ÿ‹‘†‘…Š‡ˆ‡—œ„‡“—‡‡‘…‘˜‡”–‡—‡•—ƒ–ƒ­ƒ
ȋƒ˜‘”›ǡͳͻͺͲȌǤ—‡‡•’‡”ƒ”‹ƒ‹••‘†ƒ‡„”‹ƒ‰—‡œ•—ϐ‹ǫ
ƒŽ–ƒƒ‘Ž‹˜”‘‡••ƒƒ„‘”†ƒ‰‡…”À–‹…ƒ†ƒŠ‹•–×”‹ƒ†‘•—ϐ‹•‘ǡ“—‡†‡‹š‘—†‡•‡”—
‘˜‹‡–‘“—‡•–‹‘ƒ†‘”‡ƒ—–‘””‡ϐŽ‡š‹˜‘‡’ƒ••‘—ƒ…‘”ƒ­ ‘†ƒ”‡Ž‹‰‹ ‘ǡƒ‡†‹†ƒ‡
“—‡ •‡— ˆ‘…‘ †‘—–”‹ž”‹‘ ”‡…ƒ‹— ƒ ƒ—†‹­ ‘ †‡˜‘…‹‘ƒŽǤ ‡‹š‘— †‡ •‡” —ƒ ±–‹…ƒǣ ƒ–‘•ǡ
„‘• ‘— ƒ—•ǡ • ‘ –‘†‘• ’”‘˜‹†‘• †‡ ‡—•ǡ ƒ†ƒ ƒ‹• ‹’‘”–ƒ “—ƒ†‘ •‡ Dz‡•–ž ‘
—†‘•‡’‡”–‡…‡”ƒ‡Ž‡dzǤ ‘±ƒ‹•ƒ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„‹Ž‹†ƒ†‡†‡‡•–ƒ†‘•†ƒ‡š’‡”‹²…‹ƒ‘—ƒ
‹Ž—‹ƒ­ ‘‹–—‹–‹˜ƒ“—‡‹–‡”‡••ƒǡƒ•ƒŽ‡„”ƒ­ƒ†‹˜‹ƒ“—‡•‡„—•…ƒ’‘”‡‹‘†ƒ
prática do zhikrǡ‡“—‡•‡”‡’‡–‡‘‘‡†‡‡—•ƒ‘‘†‘†‡—ƒ–”ƒǢ ‘•‘‡–‡
DzŽŽƒŠdzǡƒ•‘•†‡ƒ‹•ͻͻ‘‡•Ǧƒ–”‹„—–‘•ǡDz‹ƒ–ƒ†‘•dz†‡‘‹’‘–‡…‹ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡•ȋ’‘†‡”‡•Ȍ
‡‘‹“—ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡•ȋ˜‹”–—†‡•ȌǤ“—ƒ–‘‘••—ϐ‹•†‡‘—–”‘”ƒ˜‹ƒ‡–‘†ƒƒƒ–—”‡œƒ‡ƒ
8
ĥܠ
—˜‡ǡ’‘”‡š‡’Ž‘ǡ…‘’ƒ”ƒ†‘‘˜‡†ƒ–‹•‘ƒ‘•—ϐ‹•‘ǡƒ…‡‹–ƒ–‘†‘–‹’‘†‡‹ϐŽ—²…‹ƒŠ‹•–×”‹…ƒ
cultural e, mesmo assimǡƒϐ‹”ƒ“—‡ƒ„ƒ•‡‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒ†‘•—ϐ‹•‘ŽŠ‡…‘ˆ‡”‡ƒ’—”‡œƒ†ƒ”‡˜‡Žƒ­ ‘‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ
(1957).

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sabedoria dos povos antigos a verdade e os signos da criação e do criador, os modernos

‡•– ‘ ˆ‘…ƒ†‘• ƒ“—‡Žƒ ”‡‹•• ‘ ˜‡”„ƒŽ  ‡••²…‹ƒ †‹˜‹ƒ “—‡ǡ ƒ…”‡†‹–ƒǡ ‡•–ž ‹•…”‹–ƒ
numa tábua eterna incriada. Mesmo a noção de zahirȋ‡š–‡”‘Ȍ‡batinȋ‹–‡”‘Ȍǡ’‡Žƒ“—ƒŽ
ƒ‰‘•‡•—ϐ‹‡•–ƒ„‡Ž‡…‡——Ž‹‹–‡–‡‘Ž×‰‹…‘’ƒ”ƒƒ…Šƒ”‹žȋŽ‡‹‹•ŽŸ‹…ƒȌǡ9’ƒ”ƒ†‘šƒŽ‡–‡
contribuiu para dotar a noção de unidade religiosa (tawhidȌ †‡ — …ƒ”ž–‡” ‡–ƒϐÀ•‹…‘ǡ
ˆƒœ‡†‘ •—„‡–‡†‡” “—‡ ƒ ˜‡”†ƒ†‡‹”ƒ ˆ± …‘•‹•–‡ ‡ •—’‡”ƒ” ƒ †—ƒŽ‹†ƒ†‡ ‡š‘–±”‹…‘Ȁ
‡•‘–±”‹…‘ ’‡Žƒ …‘—Š ‘ ‡ —ƒ …ƒ ˜‹ƒǤ ‡••ƒ ˆ‘”ƒ ± ’‡•ƒ†ƒ ƒ …‘‰”‡‰ƒ­ ‘ ƒ
‰”‡Œƒ…”‹•– ǡ’‘”±‘‹•Ž  ‘–‡—ƒ‹‰”‡Œƒ‡ƒ†ƒ’‘†‡‹’‡†‹”‘ϔ‹…‹ƒŽ‡–‡“—ƒŽ“—‡”
…‘””‡–‡”ƒ†‹…ƒŽ†‡†‹•’—–ƒ”‡••ƒ—‹†ƒ†‡…‘ƒ•†‡ƒ‹•‡‡Žƒϐ‹…ƒ”ƒ„ƒ•‡’‘ŽÀ–‹…ƒǤ
‘”–ƒ–‘ǡ‘•—ϐ‹•‘ǡ’‘”–ƒ†‡•ƒÀ†ƒ†‘‹•Ž †‡‘–‡ǡ’‘”–ƒ†‡‡–”ƒ†ƒ†‡Š‘Œ‡ǡ…‘
Ž—‰ƒ” ‡ “—‡ ƒ ˆƒ…‡ …‘…”‡–ƒ †‡ ŽŽƒŠ ’‘†‡”‹ƒ ‡ƒƒ” ƒ ƒ—”‹Ž—‹‡•…²…‹ƒ †‹žˆƒƒ †‡
‡—•ǡ ‘–‡’‡•‘’ƒ”ƒ…‘–”ƒ„ƒŽƒ­ƒ”‘‹•Žƒ‹•‘ǡ‡’‡Žƒ’ƒ‹š ‘ǡ‡’‡Žƒ†‘—–”‹ƒǤ
2—ƒŽÀ˜‹‘•ƒ„‡”“—‡—•ƒ‹’‡†‡—’ƒ”ƒ‘Žƒ†‘•—ϐ‹ǡ‘“—ƒŽ—‹–‘•‘—–”‘•‹–‡Ž‡…–—ƒ‹•
‹–—‡“—‡‘’”‹‡‹”‘ƒ†ƒ‡–‘†‡‡—•ƒ‘•ž”ƒ„‡•–‡”‹ƒ•‹†‘ler e não ouvir e seguir
cegamente ‘ ‘”ƒ†‘”Ǥ  ‘ ‘„•–ƒ–‡ǡ ’ƒ”ƒ —•ƒ‹ǡ ‘ ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ ‡•–ž Œ—•–ƒ‡–‡ ‡ Ž‡” ‘
Ž…‘” ‘•‡‘ƒ’‘‹‘†ƒ–”ƒ†‹­ ‘Ǥ ‘’‘†‡”Àƒ‘•…Š‡‰ƒ”ǡ‡– ‘ǡ…‘…Ž—• ‘†‡“—‡‘Ž‹˜”‘
•‘œ‹Š‘ǡ‡•‹ǡ±’‡”‹‰‘•‘ǫŽ‡•×†‡‹šƒ”‹ƒ†‡•²ǦŽ‘…ƒ•‘•‡ƒ†‹–‹••‡ǡ’‘”ϐ‹ǡ“—‡±datado
‡ïŽ–‹’Ž‘‡ ‘—‘‡‡–‡”‘Ǥ••ƒ•‡”‹ƒǡ–ƒŽ˜‡œǡƒ…ƒ•ƒŽ˜ƒ­ ‘’ƒ”ƒ‘’”×’”‹‘‹•Ž ǡ‡
como religião apenas.

Referências

Ǥ ‘–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘ ‹ •Žƒ ƒ• ƒˆˆ‡…–‡† „› —•‹… ƒ† •‹‰‹‰Ǥ ǣ Journal of
the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and IrelandǤ”ƒ†—­ ‘ǣ—…ƒŽƒ……‘ƒŽ†Ǥ
‘†‘ǣ˜Ǥ͵͵ǡ’’ǤͳͻͷǦʹͷʹ‡͹ͲͷǦ͹ͶͺǡͳͻͲͳǤ

ǡ”–Š—” ‘ŠǤDiscourses of RumiǤ‘†‘ǣ‘—–Ž‡†‰‡ǡʹͲͲͶǤ

ǡ ‘•± ‘”‰‡†‡ǤDivan de Shams de Tabriz – Poemas MísticosǤ ‘ƒ—Ž‘ǣ––ƒ”ǡ

2013.

Aǡ ‹Ž‹‘
‘œƒŽ‡•Ǥ A angústia de Abraão – As origens culturais do judaísmo, do
cristianismo e do islamismoǤ ‘ƒ—Ž‘ǣƒ—Ž—•ǡʹͲͳͺǤ

GUVEN, Rasid. ‡†ƒ–ƒ ƒ† —ϔ‹• Ȃ Sankaracarya and MawlanaJalalu’ddin. Thesis

ȋ‘…–‘” ‹ Š‹Ž‘•‘’Š› ƒ† ‡Ž‹‰‹‘ȌǤ ƒƒ”ƒ•ǣ ‘ŽŽ‡‰‡ ‘ˆ †‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹†—
‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡͳͻͷ͹Ǥ

ǡ†ǤThe house of islam: a global historyǤ‘†‘ǣŽ‘‘•„—”›ǡʹͲͳͺǤ

̴̴̴̴̴̴ǤThe islamistǤ‹–‡†‹‰†‘ǣ‡‰—‹‘‘•ǡʹͲͲ͹Ǥ
9
 •ƒǦ•‡ ƒ ‰”ƒϐ‹ƒ Dz…Šƒ”‹ždz ‡  ‘ Dzšƒ”‹ždz ’ƒ”ƒ ‡˜‹–ƒ” …‘ˆ—• ‘ …‘ —•‘ †‘ ‰”ƒˆ‡ƒ Ǯšǯǡ “—‡ ‘ •‹•–‡ƒ
‹–‡”ƒ…‹‘ƒŽ†‡–”ƒ•Ž‹–‡”ƒ­ ‘•‡”˜‡’ƒ”ƒ‹†‹…ƒ”ƒˆ”‹…ƒ–‹˜ƒ‰Ž‘–ƒŽ•‘‘”ƒȀŠȀ‡ ‘‘Ȁ•ŠȀ

142 MALALA, São Paulo v. 7, n. 10 – Ago. 2019

 resenha de livros

ǡ ”ƒŽ‹ǤRumi – Past and Present, East and West: The Life, Teachings, and Poetry of
Jalâl al-Din RumiǤ‘†‘ǣ‡™‘”Ž†ǡʹͲͲͺǤ


ǡƒ”–‹ǤMuhammad – a vida do profeta do Islãm segundo as fontes mais antigas.
”ƒ†—­ ‘ǣŽ±”‹•‘‰—‡‹”ƒǡ—‹•‘–—ƒŽǡ±”‰‹‘‹œ‡Ǥ ‘ƒ—Ž‘ǣ––ƒ”ǡʹͲͳͲǤ

ǡ
‡‘”‰‡ǤŠ‡Šƒ„ƒŽ‹•…Š‘‘Žƒ†•—ϐ‹•ǤǣActas Congresso de Estudos Árabes e
Islâmicos – Coimbra/Lisboa: 1º a 8 set. 1968Ǥ‡‹†‡ǣ”‹ŽŽǡͳͻ͹ͳǤ


ǡƒ˜‹†ƒ—‡ŽǤMaomé e a ascensão do islã.”ƒ†—­ ‘ǣ±”‰‹‘ƒƒ” ‘Ǥ‹‘
†‡ ƒ‡‹”‘ǣ‘–”ƒ’‘–‘ǡʹͲͳʹǤ

ǡǤǤǤǢǡ”—‘Ǣǡƒ”ƒȋ‡†•ǤȌǤIslam and christianity in medieval

AnatoliaǤ‰Žƒ†ǣ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆƒ‹–†”‡™•Ȁ•Š‰ƒ–‡ǡʹͲͳͷǤ

ǡǤǤIran under the SafavidsǤǣƒ„”‹†‰‡‹˜‡”•‹–›”‡••ǡͳͻͺͲǤ


ǡ ‘Š †™ƒ”†Ǥ Quranic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural
InterpretationǤ‡™‘”ǣ”‘‡–Š‡—•‘‘ǡʹͲͲͶǤ

ǡ „Ǥ Which Koran?: Variants, Manuscripts, LinguisticsǤ ‡™ ‘”ǣ ”‘‡–Š‡—•
‘‘•ǡʹͲͲͺǤ

‡š–‘”‡…‡„‹†‘‡ǣ͵†‡†‡œ‡„”‘†‡ʹͲͳͺ
’”‘˜ƒ†‘’ƒ”ƒ’—„Ž‹…ƒ­ ‘‡ǣͳͶ†‡ˆ‡˜‡”‡‹”‘†‡ʹͲͳͻ

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