Assignment 2 Module theory & Homo Algebra Submitted by Name: Arshad Roll no : 19MMM-31 Enrolment -GJ5658 Class : M.Sc(final)Bucsliin D construct M aul a Pp stodebes and fi M—-N a module Pomencosphiion vwhid Fat left noose but net it sense Also Censpruk fir Ma module - Remororpluine eshich ba nigle iavesse fat not Left vive. Sladen Let us comider, He seguence O—> m fn 2 >n >O Suche Cit it i Shout eraet sequence Therefore fa NW we hase £Q) = ke => gulf)= fof (2 kate fop aur Gi betty hemo. ) Met, : oa M we hae n(g) = keer > kes fe fof (1 fn (0) = fof =f “& lag ecbeive, feccomorplaine => f teat “it eapenge Nee, sete Jott) =o}

M > mM a) Buel Tok Ub bh short cocact eguenee Fon me we hatte Ile) = keg ~ keyg = Ink = M 2 keg tier 7 @ a net egpetiie hememonplaoe > 9 does not have Uft-dwverte peace don g-= KB 0 (fol) ae (4 01M N bg 2e%0 homo. )Pa surpecioe homenorplin 2G tt night verge - ft hat ribtit inverse, but ot bt tiverse- « te + * the ® ¢ te flecsug Mout exact Segue 0 —>y¥ f-. ¢ Z : 4 Y~— 20 pao face onsbarpncg ty & fils . oripliins F La8 a RBlit> iteverse. Solutipe 3 oO —.x _f , y = Zz >O Sppese, Gin herd exch Aeptunce Aphis Claw } G haha RULE Wee Crew PyYoz Fag we shew that tere ext a@ map I st = B au teonardplitor + Abeve Segue splits So, f de merernotphain ant 9 & eporsoaplr ve + Beguene ALES, So we fase hat fry oy Apa bye tare ve Zt YX Me Apfe tx Qi we Awe, Ye Inf O koh > Y= fou@ k4& tet POX) =D anet kes ch) = bow > Ye DOE . we Restedeltin of med hementonplirmn i age a mostile Hromenoxphion teak, er ia art Femonotphion - piso we Ahew that 9) ji ave leona hitra-Gt one One bet Dloa= A) 2 fF CO-Glp - =O => Keep 20 ‘ 2) oy) =o (+ &= ale) > RY € ker, > are auf In fe keg) 7 aii € FX) =D D> 7G € DIE - = x-ge for C* pa F = gop) 27> ae ¢ > 4 && owe one. he Be Odd t- bet bEZ. Juw A EY dd gare @= Xt 5 RED, GEY ” GleH= ¢ G00 + ij) = C OF 9YI= 6 > MW=ac => 9,0ac Cl gad 2 learcide on E) > fF ik onto 2 Ok ijecise Aerto mes plone D> Jy & ww ton oe kaye Gta) vce Z tfiies a hewemcsplime ax KZ which a te night dourbe &hs) ete conetes the det Hf. Conpllve mumberes ember, Ue lbeveig degunce vA orbit of Modules gh Z o—>e_-t.c— 0 ware fil)= 7 q chenotes pe fugat dt. ft me absve Seguence ig deguenee e Ficther. let «Hed c be Oly get a edule fmeno# pln ff Ab He degpemse 0 > exe —f- ¢—— 0 Aplts 2 Seshify fork anwwes Selubire I~ Giver Toot o—+-cfs¢« dhe for se Clute’ Above Spucnce- aplits: fos We we fave to shew lial fp i bemorphuion - piectecle Shernemonphein ty ne ye YH > he erlb, flare) = = f(t %)4 (a4, v)) = G44, -7(br44,) = (4-%,) + (@- is) 2 & +h = tht fla) tr for any REZ nm = Ht ad Ce ted) nt Aflt) feue: fa A module. fomemotdliion * e oner Ore pe fli) = fa) for te ath, b= ariZe c > fetth) = fost, a th = 6-1 a eH % 9 hr te 2 tab ro) wy= ft & one-one Fi Sento. “ fa FEC we have EE o- PY) =(B) ot > f 4 onto > these ft ae thomorpplidond ~ So “te abi aegustite Mplite - Kintee Buccs (p- Prove dua a Aeanireract segueuse ¢ Hhewrernorepbutons rtaclefes OAR th exact yp MR cesdied modules wed perth Stelle’ — orl ace andi ay Seguenee. thee YO C i---- Xx of yt», , ama # fomanorpluines af ectules aves R. Te tik depuence i Aude (0 be dent—exack Yp tha, unage of te lput fitubonos lisse 18 contachesf ph the Kernel of He dedpet fumemorplivore at- every medule- heather tow the end ¢ any) of te Agere te Inf) € kal) ferttes The guetind module Kert-/dmf & prowl oh Ce draved nx fe of ta Aepucuce ot a4 Mew be C be a feud’ exact seguene of moclules sues R Toe we Raut, fo prove ch desdved module are terial VC tS Bind enact” $0 sine aefitaiton Jos Y we pat Inf) & Kerlg) rae a NEY conidler, the cextiied module Keng / Inf ts KO Inf < Fare | AeKeAg be fmf F But Inf hog 20, hog | inf = keg => Ta deriuvec! module i tbutak sede ee hc ee elas iL 0, al te. dedve modules due Bhert- pee Oe Bebaial. # flew aaa!Conves g - Let ath the alerives! meccluler of grin shed exact Aypenee Ake peinkl.. Consider the clerirant madiule PY te ko] Inf As the clerived medule & piviel Bo hog | pop = beg 2 punlf) E Keng. tof 4 to arbihary moclile of the Seprene » S0 of be thr oes hie of each medule aes Ce oe Ui NErves at eUerey- medule. Henee. the jee Segucee 18 fend exact Agencies BunQ) Censtuet tiv fend exact sepuences whith we not orarhe Belubie $— 2 LEX be an R-medule ant Lee A- be a proper Awmrectule gf x «. Wen oo 7 Pp - A-—>x "ay fous EA (tuelmeon mb) Nis Construct A seguisce O05, A +> x-—-> O Ab A we have dule)= for ant Keil) = Fo) a cheluasce map & onerous, 22 frlO)= Kerli) =p dguewe bo feutexaet ot A nse, OAR X we tawe kealoj=X aat pnliyr fh ax ee & daclesion map: ) => pxti) € Keto) > glven Aquence. & Bewid expc& ob me a (aes & Meme exact « as fis prraper dubmedule. X So we have beat \ fue) é by epee teasers & Ke (0) aust 20, got) p beer lo) =P Gien Aegenwe 8 not exactOF (Seeomet exemple) oe 40 nei 20% R-medule.* Consdlies the follawtigy ereact Seguente 7 P< — Thee c lear Inlo) = fof aud ker/o)> A <2 tu (0) E kerlo) as fopea” 2D Aeguecwe 8 Senin exact at A => IB a Send exact degpence . Fivttus, We bnew thet suc a segue & exact ff A= fo} But fre buy vseen rw we tive A+ fot Here fhe Seni exact Aeguenee 8 not exact Ales @ consis te prtgerg, ip pe | ff femomenpliioe of mactules je [F r xt _f ya, where [hit fo / Shigeo eon f nae 7 dye sgt sates Ce Conunuticicos Ker(a) —> ker (6) ——> keriy) wh & an cnt dagunun if fsx! ¥! 0 meron i Prep, We knew tat ip we tare a hemenorpluimd es Treat, ve dM Nn ae we heawse feae uci a Les i es Oe aud ()—> fmd > N~——» woherd +d whvew cofer d = Nord. aud fawe we gt @ gluect exact Sepucrwe O—> kod 3m _t_.N —> ota > 0 new we well ete visital femora rphirn X , aut fo cnach Sqpurers tie the, follower Lies at sxe ope) aeentddug to cbove deseriplioro (i 8hitle all cofuauns are Fie oflall let 0 torsfrusct We Romenarphdm, vi He Aegpenee, ete kop —V > key 8 > caterer L ctays colkes 7O—> x! seo > zi 9 | u os 4 ckerf —_» beter? ~--29 ae ! New we sate che ° 7 hex a kag we yt nat lek x consfiuat te Lew ctephussees ee the feguenea Cane; WW kent $5 kab Vs rey Cine fe et p= Fpenee Kesat —> ker aefeicect oy 196 >» fo be te tLspucetion ef fo kek -_ . Aso Ut & nebble we ths wage las tdecd iu Kerp Tipe xe fee, felfey bran Adee Wa fit sguare (cx the giver ofésgratn tonnnades coratrnctioc f Ye he te i wy Moe tae resfpeatione 43 tke f ve We GF ker “ eB __> Ker’ alebess p &— Ft) PT Miso nete tac urage of yr hee eb fest! deface ft 7 Chaps row” righ) =ABelew the glen clirngame ig commuitiliie , Hrerefere we hace Aen tet Pg olifuie a sepuente Kea _$", kof V5 kay —_@ Moteous, Y foxy! Ba mnenoniotphion Uece tio Apunce WD tb exact oct kerf clearly sy (deny) = glfery) =0 for wekoral act He, tad eked —@O Conversely, % pekap ey ten yerog PERG = dof (fist pod tee dingiam is exact) =? f= fog for fome ox Ex The element Aatécpies [Gaye Loe? = PD SO Suke YEKer 6 Also f' ba smonemonplusrr : Theis inples that xe era which tb we demain of- > fence ye pad = KAW c Ind Oo Tun, forO anf © we. got- Pepa herd . Vices the Bepuance ae @ & exact at herp . ¢f/: xLe yl #a monemorphéme Be Prove tea fie lemma” wy tea hate of te ~~ The fetts Lemma” frosf: Stetemedt 3 ' i ” Consider toe felleurig conmutabire didgnane Lemornon phir +4 riedults aver R 7 (See noset page)a—t+.¢ 24 c4#_,90-d +5 woe ob pf Mt ee Tan [pe pile buna Ababes tot sf Ua Fas ate exact , m and p ave bemorphiond « Ld cur epimorphism, 9 4 & menom Zo tw 1 ib cho an isomorphism. | we will prove Wii with te shal of the poses bunma ' Tha two four bemnus State ted, © g foc 4 ob rb ob ‘ ‘ 1 BY ee amas aye! E the Hoes tis the commutation citccew) ole exact anal pa censt pone epamarphions alt gas mononcorplitine thou rt awe epinoiphand : diy a—fob—jre fo a an ne, a aia ame HE the rsws tes Thee commtative began ase enact ancl mm ancl pp are monomorploars and Le Qe Cperndh- Wee na hie menemonpheod ; To complete tra Of je fie bnma we have prsve wet, nk ane Cowobehine we Le do commetiie eltagtam @D htm ance & be duyedtve antl 9 ub fudective Then we shew trek, 0H prgeckioe - for this Lt clec! NAD ah PR totedso tne) = Pen bitr® de F an element deD St, —@Forties ag Us chbgeacn (¢#) Lt commedative £0, Le (pla) = BC jets) @ New es tha peut are exact, go seg exactness an D! da Steen papi, we. ot Bill) = kel) fren D we geez O= xl teey) = “( po) @— o= gejrau Ak g “a dijective so Lljeh)J20 =f) =0 oF Z 2 dekery = Jul (tseef exactness) = ole poll) : FEC 8 head aw tC 200) = prhee BOP commuabley E = He) CCF com 6G ) > tech cen) =o tle'-ucadeo As usec exoctaess ee 0! we GE Uae ene bu Grt 2 FCB SH bh ~ o'-2(e) wat we Fae ther nr Aetjective Ao we fru FbCCk mibjes! ce8eof Covmmutedivity~ we pet, 2G0Y) = 8 (to), "(je) = clay __ sy consis (gerne) a2(yes)) 41700) (72k hon) = Che) 4200 ey R(BOF Ce) = Cc! 76 y 232 4 fugactiio piss we Shee Bt 2 is jerking,fon, bi, th (#4) duppese at mand pare ifectiio aud LO Surtective Lee cel bedh 1200) =O 70 couplete the prof we hwo thet cmd New ace) =O => tHrtei) = top => trtey=o0 Fene= Gor)tc) — lesend toumudatent, ee é 7 wv 0 = ihe) => Ace =O eh fb “a lajectuie, Used exacines $ Bowe get tat 7 be& SE gone Ayah by Useeg tommuctativdy- we get SCM) = Sorel) (099 Ce) 204A) = 0c) O JB=0 =O__g bye Macy exe.cce fuss ¢ 8’, veal At May =mts). __@ an feyelive 5 nt oA 3 en dt bro) gefta) = € > fea =o once Ct Sef =2) 2, = 12 + tjection- Howe "2 & an Cronaiepledine. TMets tee fie lore oops bo ofue construct lwo short exact shout exret sepuence which clo Late Bit and conttwat tuo short excact beyuences whied id Salute Tyo shorts geguenses while spl @ O-2zt-=at. Zw 0 fore 2 fiy=s £ pep=2g rotlule 8- qe ay = gor 702 Ute) = 4 = hawt Unb p a bue ene g t gnks = bf O fog “fof D grg-= $0} 2 ce eg sphtiig al Z RYHEHKNS @® 0 wf ve P x iP A 0 pu NOP ee 2%) natirol embaddng LNOP— FP Fo np =p ( prgyecteine map ) te hve it a dplithig depuince,Tao show exact Lepuences wwtdee. obo not spl - D -9-—>% fox, $m so fizter 07 - O fie 4S ek as Zy 7 Z ine 0 geet ge? et a7 poof Nl dmg ht tch , = Syuenee doe net splbe ® On “ou £m CN etebmedale fM) Cl N—mM . he nee ff guatted mab . Sar 2 pn ltyen ; Imp) aleo covbactg pt =? Poll) 1 Il) # 304 > Benue yes 26t splite Ques (D ae é i ae eee of fememospiont of medides oven R split at tte rreddbe ¥ tow tat ts Leer é go wie heck fume Ju lf) D gon df) am Bellin Ey deputhow, Y bade fe tite tie bisect fans Of tit tu es A— Gmf aad anotrer Aebmodule B Z¥ H & syypes lo prsve thot By fos tt Weis ioniter Oo rt 4° GG '1B—-zView A db a homemenphione of the maddie 8 do We medde Z- See besl9) — Juify= A anc ANB = sop => 4 ba menomo Claus Syrth) = In) Leb Ze Fn) Be trim F aw element yey tf TOR YE ACE , tere ane ach, LER uth Tren we fave = 246 2=Jly) - GO? — play + PO GO hy 2A, beR &o, Jnth= gmtgy > A ob ants A & an visage of a F => Yr eeagedp) ¢ Fraage(g) Aes 2. Defee Coauudetice ehipran aso ge CL teeo excanshes A Conunetertroe ctapta oa obeapta, r tp tas ed eect TEL ll cbbceter Pals he he & aatd 4 Magtane Oh the same Ahadk Quel evel pocir ode Hye, Secon Tn sect fs fect We Seon fethetp- at 6 7 7 Ait! fi whith gies Us @ Ribelf Pf = fog! Exeunpte O Let ps bt 2 Aubmedule Mand M a futtebet space Pane es et N94 hee Cuclescon lf eras Goel fod te gosateit mag Nak to shaw that toca 7 my Goth ore kfeded gun thie Ste olomaite p/ Let HEN, then (GOO= KPA =nant (fot (a) = (UH) = foo) = x00 aN tone fot= jf Feanpsle§ Leb Vv an pt jetar ; FR and Naw mM Lr» R fe od mM a Ris beth) ant 6 are ecreleqibn maps a0 ff ance oe gueteeet rueps To sheeo that-truy fave Seine (ebslt- Re 26Ww (Pod) tay = fein) = fo 20 =H (#26) = hoo) = fer zen oN = (fou tix) Howe helts have Same Fest