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    61 views43 pages

    Soderzhanie Obuchenia Inostrannym Yazykam Ucheb Po PDF

    Uploaded by

    Ксения Ворошкевич

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    . 9 OPMYSIAP KHMIH Conepxanhue OGyuenna HHOCTpaHHBIM a3bIKam: yyeOHoe nocobue / Ilog pen E.M. Maccopa, E.C. Ky3HeuoBoit. — Boponex: HOY «Mxtepnuursa», 2002. - 40 c. (Cepus «Metonuka o6y4eHHa HHOCTpaHHbIM A3bIKam», NO3), Cocrasntemu: E.M. Maccos, E.B. Fonauna. B 2aHHOM Noco6uN MCHONB3OBAHEL MATepHaNl CAEAYIOWAX aBTOPOB M.3. BuGonerosa, HJI. Bum, HI, Panbcxopa, A.J]. Kanmerrenko, JLT. Ky3bmnna A.A. Mupomo6os, E.H. Maccos, .M. PaGurosny, IB. Porosa, B.B. Caorosa B.B. Caxaposa, E.H. Cononoga. Cepua noco6uii «Metonnka o6y¥eHHa HHOCTPaHHBIM s3bIKaM) co3qaHa no 3aKa3y HOL «Lona KutaiiroponcKoim. ‘ea 3aKoHOM P® 06 asmopcKom npase. Bocnpouzeedenu ‘uu moGoii ezo Yacmu zanpeujaemca Be3 nuCbMEHHOR 1e0n. Jiobele noneimKu Hapywuenua 3aKoHa Bydyn ‘e6HoM noproKe M Kit oe BLE3 22. ‘Yearkaewibili kos-tera! Kew 61 Bar Hw 66LIM CTyaeHTOM baky-1sTeTa HHOCTPaHHBIX #3bIKOB, YURTEIeM VA B unko.xe Hm Bye. MpeniolaBare-lev MCTO-AKKH 17H MCTOdHCTOW no MA B HHCTHTYTe YoosepmeHcTBOBAaHh yYHTeTeH, — 37a cepxa Gpomnop 114 Bac Kaacibrit nataet 214 ce6s TO, 4TO emy NpHTOANTCH Cryaent npxo6perct KpaTkuit, Ho O4eHb EMKHH Kypc wcToIMKH O6ysenna HA, OB14.1€B KOTOPbIM OH HC TO.7bKO YCIICINHO C.1aCT -WOOOIt 9K34VEH_ HO H 3A10XKHT OCHOBBI Ala caocis Syay mich mpaxtH4eckoli AesTenbHOCTH. Yante-b, Hexorma Mpocay Wwasionit KyPC METOTHKH, CMOKCT OCBEXKHTb CBOH 3Ha- HY OCHOB TexXHO10rMH O6yucHua MA, Repu (a, MoxxeT OLITD, H CKOPpeKTHPOBATS) TO. €ITO OH JesAeT B KTACCE, C Hay MHbIMH TaHnIMH Ec-1H xe Bai mpetenaycTe Wa NOBBIIDEHHC paspaia W Baw Hato nozrorosurscs k Gecerc 8 MVY, - vam kype oSecneunT pemenne aro mpobzemst 21a Meroaucta (Gy2b To B By3c HK B YY) mpertaraemoe nocoOue. no cyTH Weta, aBLICTCA YHEOHKKOM Mo MeTOIHKe OOyyeRHs HA. To coacpokarmto OHO MOAHOC- TBO COOTBETCrByeT TpcGoBanHaM Focctatlapta 11a MpodeccHoHa-IbHOH MOITOTOBKH yunresz, a 10 CTpykType H Cnoco6y H310:%KeHMA MaTepHata BCChMa OPHTHHA-1bHO Ha o6a0okke kaaxqoi Gpoumopsi Bal BHAMTe NepcueH Tew 3TOTO KYpca MeTOAH- xu KoHcuno 2ke, OH HE OxBaTbIBaeT AOCOMOTHO BCeX NPOOMeM TeOpHH M NpaKTHKH O6y~ vena AA Berb 210 - kparkni, Gasopniit Kypc Ec.1H Bobi, HampuMep, He yBHAeTH B Repcune «OGyHeHHe MOHOAOFHYCCKOM) BbICKAIbIBAHHIO, He OTOpyaiiTech 06 970M Bar mpouréte B Gpommope «OGyuerne rosopewmo Ha HA», ec1H He OOHapy2kHTC TeMbI «O6y4eHHe Iuat0ry». packpoiire 6pounopy «O6yucHve oOmieraio Ha Vil» Tam Haliac- Te 06 370M... Kaan Tema (6pommopa) uoicer pa3tem TMeppaii pa3aea, kak mpaBH.to, «xpec- TOWATHHHEED B HCTO BKMOYCHS! OTPbIBKH H3 HaHOo71ee H3BCCTHEIX pa6oT No JaHHOw mpo6.ieme, BTopolt paver — «anamTHccKniby, Me MpezcTawicH ava.m3 pa6or no Mpo- 6.1eme (a3 «xpectomaTHifHoro» pa'smema K ApyTHX) ABrOphi CTPeMBJIKcb OtiTh OGbEKTHBHBIMH H OTBOLIHTM MECTO MpeACTaBHTe.1aM PA3HbIx HanpaBlcHHli, Q1HAaKO, aHa.1H3 B ONpe.JeTeHHOH CTeneHH 24H C NOIMUMH KOMMy- HMK@THBHOCTH. Visatomerve marepuasa Bo eccx 6pommopax (KpoMe Tex, mc JaH 0630p UCTOpHH METOIMKH) COMPOBOACTACTCH METOAHYECKMMH 341a4aMH Pa3HOrO ypOBHs, ITH 3a7a4K He TO:IbHD TOMESHDI AK CPCACTBO pasBHTHA MCTOIBYECKOTO MHIIUICHHA, HO H MPOCTo HHTe- POCCHBI OHH MOryt OBIT MCHOsL30BaHHI H JL18 CAMOKORTPO.IA, H IPH YeHHH ACKIOt 1.19 TIOCTaHOBKH NIPOOsIEMEL, H, B OCOFEHHOCTH. 18 NPOBEAeHHA CeMMHAPOB. Over nazecMca, 410 B 2002-2003 y4eOHOM rouy MBI COLIAIIM BILICOMpAsIO%e- HHE K STOMY KypCY C 3ANHCEIO TeKHHt mo BCom MpoOnemaw Mbt xeaaem Bam ycnexos! Vixciem Banmx 3ameuanuit, OT3,0808 1 TOxeTaRMH 1,18 COBEPIICHCTBOBAHHA AaH~ our & ad WE ILE3 Mertoawyeckas umota [accopa Fert Tis TOK NEI IY | Pazgen 1 B3anmocsa3b ene o6yyeHna u conepKaHHa o6y4eHHa oue- sxaHa MMenuo or Toro, kakas le1b NOCTaBseHa, 3aBHCHT ONpeenc- Hve comepxkaHHa ob6yyeHuAa CneayeT oTMeTHT®, YTO MpoGnema conep>xaHHa O6y4eHHA HHO- CTPAHHbIM A3bIKaM BO BCe BpeMeHa CUHTANach HEpeMIeHHOH H M0 3TO- My BOMpocy BCerma BOSHUKAsIO HEMa0e KONHYECTBO Hay¥HbIX Cno- pos H pasHormacnii. A. | Knumentenko nu A A. Muposto6os B kare «Teopetuyec- KH OCHOBSI MeTOINKH O6yYeHNA HHOCTPaHHBIM A3bIKaM B CPenHeit kone» NOMBONAT HTOF pa3xIH4HbIM MOLXOaM K BOMpocy «conep»xKa- Hue o6yyenna» JlanHaa padota npeactapaset coboH «cyMMy» Hay4- HBIX B3TMAN0B, KOTOPbIe BIABHTAIHch B MepHon 60-x — 80-x rozoB Apaquaroro cToeTHA > O3naxomemece c nozuyuet asmopos u onpedenume, Kaxue KoMnonenmb. codepxcanua obyuenua eoidenaiu aemopel. TeopernueckHe OCHOBbI MeTOAHKH O6y4eHHA HHOCTPaHHBIM A3bIKaM B CpeaHeii wko.te / Mog pea. A.J. Kaumentenxo, A.A. Mupo.o6osa. M.: Meaaroruxa, 1981. - C. 86-89. «... Tlpo6nemy conepxaHua o6y4eHHA HHOCTPaHHBIM S3EIKaM HOJIb3A CUMTATh OKOHYATEIBHO pemlenHoit. Pasnu4Hble TOUKK SpeHHa BEICKASBIBAIOTCA OTHOCHTENBHOFO CaMOFO NOHATHA “conep»kaHHe oby- venus” ' TpaawuHoHHo nog comepkaHiem OOyyeHHs NOHHMAeTCS B CO- OTBETCTBHH C AHAKTHKOH BCE TO, YTO YEMY CEMyeT YAHTb yUALLLNXCA ‘Tax. H JI. Bam curraer “TIpeacrapserca O60cHOBaHHEM BLUICHICHHe NOHATHS Coep- 2KAHHA O6YICHHA 13 YRATAHHBIX BRINE COCTAB-MIODINX' FB COJCpKAHHA yHCOHOTO Npel- Mera H Mpouccca o6yyenxs (nezmpouccca)”. CopepmicHHo ApyTY}0 TOUKY IPeHHs BBIC- xasaa 311 yun “Daasnoc corcpaarne o6y4cHH HHOCTpaHHOMY s3BIKy COCTARIAIOT yueOsue ynpakvenms. B JanHom c.yyae NO’ “yNpakHeHUIMK” NOHMMACTCA MpeakIc BCETO NCHXDDH3HO.1OrHYCCKAA ACATC.TBHOCTE KOMMYHMKATHBHOIO xapakTepa” (CHocka yumupyemMoz0 agmopa) 2 Cozepmattie o6yyerits HHOCTpaHHhIM 4 3b1KaM B nacrosmee BpeMa OCHOBHOM 3anavei cpeaHeH MKOsbI ABIA- eTCa BOCHHTaHHe HOBO, KOMMYHMCTHYecKoN mm4uHoctH. OcHOBHEIE Wen H3YY4eHHA MHOCTPaHHBIX 9351kOB — SbopMHpoBaHve cnocobHOcTH yuacTBOBaTb B KOMMYHH Kal Ha 3TOM A3bIKe, paboraa Hal coxpane- HKeM H COBEpIICHCTBOBaHHeM 3ToK cnocobHoctn B cBo1w ouvepelb, 37a CNOCOGHOCTb peaH3yeTCA B KOHKPETHbIX PeYeBbIX YMEHHAX (yC- THaa peub, YTEHHE, MHCbMO), KOTOpbIe NpesCTalor B 3TOM CIydae kak yacTHoe oTpakeHue O6uiux Were. Konequaa yenb o6yyeHna mpen- cTaBnaeTca, kak NpaBuio, B BAe TpeOoBaHUid kK yMeHUsM OCyIeCTB- AAT pasiHYHble BU Db! peveBoii AeaTenbHocTH ITH KOHEdHBIe Tpebo- BaHHA KOHKpeTH3MpyloTca B MOkaccHbIx TpeGoBaHHaX K peyxeBLIM YMeHHAM. OTH MpoMexkyTOUHEIe, NOKMACCHBIC YMeHMA CHelyer CuH- TaTb MepBbIM KOMMOHEHTOM CozepxKaHHua obyueHHA. K conepxxanni0 o6yueHHA OTHOCATCA Vi A3bIKOBbIC HAaBbIKH. Jlex- cHYecKHe, TpPaMMaTH4eckHe H POHeTH4eCKHe HaBbIKH — YCNOBHE (bopMu- POBaHMa peyesbIx yMeHHit, 0a3a Wd OCyIMecTBeHHaA LemeH H 3anay oby- 4eCHHA Kak H3BECTHO, PeyeBaA DeATCNbHOCTb, ABMAACh KOMMYHHKa- uneit NOCPCACTBOM A3bIKa, OCYNIECTBIACTCA, KAK H APYFHE BUAbI KOMMYHHKalIHH, C MOMOLIbIO ONpeAeMeHHbIX 3HAKOB OTH 3HakH Mo- ryt GIT pasHbIx yposHeli — PoHeMb!, copa, NpewIOxKeHHA, CBEpx- @pasosbie envncrsa =leppoii npemnocauiko yyactua B peyeson KOMMYHMKaUMH ABNIAETCA SHAHHE HEOOXOAMMOTO M NOCTAaTOYHOrO WA peanH3alHH 7aHHEIX Lee OGyyeHHA HaSopa 3HaKOB pa3sHOro ypOB- ua OnHaKo camo m0 ce6e 3HaHHe STHX 3HAKOB HHYETO He WaeT, OHO JIMIUb HEOOxoRHMOe yCnoBHe POPMHPOBAaHHA peyeBbIx yMeHHii. 3Ha- HHA, YMCHMS M HaBbIKH POPMMpyIOTCA He NOCHeMOBATeNbHO, a ma- pannenbHo, Tonele 4 npodtpie 3HaHHa NpHOOperaioTca B Mpolecce copmuposaHna yMeHHii H HaBbIKoB. 3anoMHHaHHe MaTepHasia MpoHnc- XOMMT B Mpouecce pasBxTHs HaBbika. Jina peveBoii WeATeMbHOCTH He- O6xXOAHMO, 4TOOEI YeNOBeK ABTOMATH3HPOBAHHO MOML3OBANCA A3bI- KOBbIM MaTepHaJiOM, u60 B TIpOWecce KOMMYHH Kaun BHHMaHRHe yuacTuuka o6ujenua oOpaiaetca Ha conepxaHe, a He Ha opMy OgHako O2HH A3bIKOBbIC HABLIKH ee He AaIOT BO3MOXKHOCTH yua- Coflepxanve o6y4eHis KHOCTpaHHELIM s3hikaM 3 crsoBaTb B OOWeHHH Ha HHOCTpanHHOM asbtke. Heo6xonuma npak- Tuka B OOMEHHH, B Npolecce KOTOpo dopMupyloTcs peveBbie yMe- HMA HaBbikw ABNAIOTCA BTOPbIM KOMNOHEHTOM CORepxKAaHUA Oby - 4eCHHA B kayecTBe TpeTbero KOMMOHEHTA BHICTYMAIOT TEKCTEI B rpa- (pvyeckoM 4 3ByKOBOM odopmneHuH [loa TeKCTaMK MbI TOHMMa- em m06bie peyeBbie NponsBexeHUA, Ha 6a3e KOTOPbIX NPOKCXOAHT hopmuposanve peyessix yMenuit MorkeT BO3HMKHYyTb BOMpPOC 0 TOM, He CyI@ayeT IM OTHECTH TEKCTHI (kak M pa3IM4Hble BHI Ka- raaauoctn aK TCO) k cpencrsam O6yyeHHa, Kak, HampHMep, OT- Hocat yyeOuuk Ham npeactapnserca, ¥To Ha 3TOT BOMpOC cHeny- eT OTBETHTE OTPHUATeENbHO TlonoGHoe pemenne Srin0 61 MipaBOMepHO, ecnk# 6a TexcTb! CoTYKH.IH CPEXCTBOM NOMYYCHHA 3Ha- HH KH HMeAH OCHOBHOM yHKuMeH HAMOCTpauHto ynoTpebeHHA pasHbIx 3HaKOB A3bIka. Ognako TekcTbl B OG6yYeHHH HHOCTPaHHbIM A3bIKAM BbINOMHAOT Apyry!0 dyHKunio O6yyenue poszcTBeHHBIM BHAaM peyeson ACATENBHOCTH HEBO3MO7KHO Ha OCHOBE H30/1Hpo- BaHHBIX ASbIKOBbIX 3HAKOB, Kakoro Obi ypOBHA OHH He Geinn Tpacbu- 4eCKHE HW 3BYKOBbIC TEKCTbI BbICTyMaloT Kak HeoOxoaHMaa 6a3a, ycnopue ana oby¥eHuA STeHHIO HAK ayoupoBaHHio Onx camMH 10 ce6e MoryT G6biTb paccMOTPeHbl, KaK H AZbIKOBbIE 3HAKK, B Kaye- crBe O6s3aTenbHOrO KOMNOHeHTAa Mpouecca obyuenua CpenctBa we O6y4eHHs He MOryT GbITb TakHM O6a3aTebHBIM YCNOBHEM Ocy~ WeCTBIeHHA NMpouecca O6yyeHHa, HOO MaKe YYNTeNb — OCHOBHAA urypa Menarormueckoro npouecca — MOxKET OTCyTCTBOBATb, HB 3TOM Cily4ae OGy¥eHHe CTaHOBUTCA CamooGbyyeHHeM Baxknoe 3Ha- ueHHe TeKCTOB B Mpouecce o6yy¥eHHa MO6yoHNO MeTODHCTOB OT- HeCTH MX K COnep>kaHHio ObyyeHnsa UerBeprbim KOMNOHEHTOM COzepKaHHs OGy"eHHA BBICTyNaIoT TeMbl W CHTyauHH B HacTosiliee BpeMa 3TOT KOMMOHEHT conep>kaHHa o6yseHua npnobperaer ocoGoe 3Hayeuve [pene Bcero 3aMeTuM, 4TO o6meH HHopmMalvelt MEKay NONbMH BCera NPOHCXOLHT B Npeyenax OmpeneneHHbIX Tem H 3aBKCHT OT CHTyalIMH OOuleHHA OrpaHH4eHHoe uic- AO ¥aCOB, OTBOAHMOe Ha W3yYeHHe HHOCTPaHHOTO A3bIKA B WiKoNe, He 4 Coaepaarne o6yuerita HHOCTparnOim sbrka NosBouAeT MpenycmMoTpeTb GON-MIMHCTHO TeM M CHTYyaUMi, B penenax KOTOPEIX OcyMlecTBLAeTCA OOUIEHHE, HEJIb3A paspeLIMTb BONPOC «4eMy yauts» Tembl 1 curyauuw cTaHosstca Gasol, Ha OCHOBe KOTOpOii pe- anusyioTca enw obyseHun Tlatbim KOMMOHEHTOM cofepxaHHa O6yYeHHA MO%KHO CUH- TaTb TE AZIKOBbIC MOHATHA, KOTOPbIe XApaKTEPHBI LIA H3y4aeMo- TO A3bIKa M OTCYTCTBYIOT B POAHOM A3bIke yAaNMxca. 3HaHUA On- peaemeHHoro MaTepmana WM HaBEIKM ONepMpoBaHHA UM opmupytorca mapasenbHo MH B3a“MOCBa3aHO. CoBepilieHHo oue- BYLHO, 4TO B Nporecce ux bopMupoBaHuA y yualerocs cosnaet- CA H HOBOE NOHATHE O TOK HAH HHO A3bIKOBO OCOGeHHOCTH H3y- 4aemoro a3bika Bomee Toro, HanH4He A3bIKOBOTO NOHATHA, OTCYTCTBYIOUerO B POAHOM A3bIKe, OOOramaeT 3HAHHA, RemaeT HaBBIK ynOTpeOeHHA A3bIKOBOLO MaTepHauia Gomee COSHATENIBHBIM, a Tem cambim Gomee cToiikuM H cnocobHbIM k nepenocy. Copep- WEHHO OYeBHAHO, ITO ecm kK COnepxKaHHMIO ObyseHHA OTHOCATCA 3HAHHA AZbIKOBbIX 3HAKOB Pa3HbIX YPOBHeH H HaBLIKH OMeEpHpoBa- HHA MMH, TO POpMUpyembie B TOM xe Mpoulecce O6yIeHHA ASEIKO- BIC NOHATHA, OTCYTCTBYIONIHE B PORHOM A3biKe!, TOKE NOMKHBI 6bITh BKTIOUEHHI B COMep»xKaHHe ObyyeHHA Takum o6pa3om, B ComepxaHve oby¥eHHA NemecoobpasHO BKIIOYHTS CEMYIOMHE KOMNOHEHTE!. IpOMexyTOUHEIe (MoKmacc- HbI€) PeveBEIe yMeHMA; AZLIKOBbIC HABBIKH (sekKCH¥eCKHE, rpaM- MaTH4¥eckve 4 (OHETHUECKHE), TEKCTHI B rTpaM4ecKOM H 3BYKO- BOM OPOpMIeHHH; TeMbI M CuTyauMM, B Mpewenax KOTOpHX cbopMupytoTca peyeBaie NOHATHR, OTCYTCTBYIOMIHE B PORHOM A3bI- ke ydamuxca =» »> Kaxue xe komnonenmoi 6 codepocanuu o6yuenua eoideuzaiom A. Jf. Kaumenmenxo, A. A. Mupomo6oe? Kar onu ux noxumaiom? > Kaxue e3znadet na npo6nemy codepoanua o6yvenusa onu yno- unaiom? B uem ux OcnogHaA CyusHOCmb? ' Eon 4enoBex BIa,JeeT JBYMa S3bIKEMM, TO B TpoLpecce OOYYEHHA TpeTLeMy B CORPpRAHKE Obyue- HMA BTOYAIOTCS SIMON, Te s3bIKDRIE NOHATHA, KOTOPbIe OTCYTCTHYFOT B ABYX HIVYACMHIX SIIKAX. Conepmanne o6yueHHa MHOCTpAHHIM scxhIKaM 5 Eco A.J. Knumentenxo n A A Muponto6os npenctanator Tou- KY 3peRua 110 BONpocy conepxaHua Oy¥eHHA, KOTOpad LOuITo sBnA- aacb o6wenpH3HaHHon, TOT B Porosa 4 zp npenctaBasoT HOBbIit BHTOK B HayKe 110 MaHHOMYy BOTIpocy » [powumatime ciedyrowut ompei6oK u CKaycume KaKUe KUMNO- HeHMb! CodepxCaHUA OGYYEHUA Bbide.1A1I0OM j2mMuU asmopei? Meroanka o6yseHHa HHOCTpaHHbIM S3bIKaM B CpeawHel WIKO.Ie/ \. B. Porosa, ®. M. Pa6unosuy # T. E. Caxaposa. - M.: [pocse- menue, 1991. - C. 34-39. « Onpenenuts conepxakue o6y¥eHHs HHOCTpaHHoMy A3bIKy Hesb3a 6e3 OOpaeHHA kK IMHTBUCTHKe — Hay Ke, 3aHHMalollelica H3y- YeHHEM ASbIKOB KAK ONPEMENECHHEIX KOAOBbIX CHCTEM, KOTOPBIMH JODH Nonp3yroTca Ana o6weHHA. MetomnKa %e M3yYaeT NpoONeMbI, CBA- 3aHHBbIe C OOYYCHHEM ASLIKy - TOMY KOLY, KOTOpBI BCeECTOPOHHe HC- cneayeTca B HHIBHCTHKE. 7a Meroauku npenogasanus HA Bako pasrpann4eHne Ha A3bIK 4 Ha peyb Ormeuaetca, 4TO AZBIK HW Pe4b, XOTA H COCTABILAIOT DBE CTO- POHbI OLHOFO ABNeHKA, NPeACTAaBNAIOT EMKHOE WeNOe H XapakTepH- 3yIOTCA CBOHCTBaMH, He KOHTpacTHpylOWiuMH, a B3aMMODONOMHAIO- UIHMH, H ONepHpyIoT eAMHKUAaMH, CNEUMHYeECKHMH JIA KaxKTOK H3 CTOpOH. PasnW4aloT CHMHHULb! A3bIKa H EAMHKUBI pedw K eaMHHiaM a3bI- ka OTHOCAT (boHeMEI, Moptbembl, cioBa, PpaseonorMueckue coueTa- HMA, MHKPO- (TIPELIO%KEHHA) HM MAKPO TEKCTHI. ITO 3EMEHTHI ABHIKA, OpraHH3oBaHHible no hopManbHO — CeMaHTH4eCKOMY MpH3Haky. K egnnuuam peun oTHocaTca CHTyaTHBHO ObyCOBJIEHHBIE BIC ka3biBaHua pasHow NpoTsmkeHHocTH. B enunuuax peyk HIM peyeBLIx @QHHUIaX BICMCHTHI ASbIKA OpraHH30BaHbl NO CeEMaHTHKO-KOMMYHH~ kaTWBHOMy MIpH3Haky Mxbimu cnopaMu, e2MHHUbI pedH HempeMeHHO COOTHECeHbI C KOHKPETHOM cHryanHen o6weHHA 6 Conepmanne oyueltied HHOCTpaHHEIM S3bkaM Tipu onpenenennu conepxaHna o6y4eHHa BOSHUKAET BOTIPOC ~ YeMy YUHT: A3bIKy HH pedH?... B nacrostuee BpemMa CuHTa2eTCA OOMENPHHATHIM HaYHHaTh C o6yyeHua peu, T. €. c OBaeHHa yyalllMMvca NOHMMAHHeM H BOC- NpowsBezeHHeM BLICKAsbIBAaHHH, OGyCMOBIMBaeMBIX CHTY aUMAMH O6- WeHHA, KOTOpbIe BOSMOXKHE! B yCNOBMAX MsyyeHHa MAB ukone. H3y- yeHHe a3bIka Kak JIMHPBACTHYECKOTO ABIEHHA (peHOMeHa) MOXKET o6ecne4HTb 3HaHve CucTeMa A3bIKa, HO OH HE BEET K MOJIb30BaHHIO 3TOH CHCTeMoOd 8 Wemax OOMeHHA .. O6y4eHHe roToBLIM d)pa3aM, COOTHECEHHEIM C KOHKpeTHBI- MH CATYalHaMM, a TOUHEE YCHOBHAMH, Fe BO3MO%KHO HX NPHMe- HeHHe, TakxKe He MOKeT OOECHe4HTL BIaNeHHe AZEIKOM, NO- CKONEKY BIaLeHve AZKIKOM BO3MOXKHO TOra, Korma ycBoeHHe pevenoro MaTepuata BeneT K POPMHPOBAHHlo y yYaMHXCA CHC- TEMbI A3bIKa, KOA yyamniica MOXKET CTPOHTb BLICKA3bIBaHHA B akTe o6menna B COOTBETCTBHH C IpaBHaMH, NPHCyIIMMH AaH- HOMY A3bIKY KaK B OTHOMCHHH TpaMMaTHYEeCKOrO odopmnenna, Tak 4 ynorpe6neHna cnos. 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B xone w3yyeHun HHOCTPaHHOLO A3bIKa y YYaILAXCa POPMUPYIOTCA NPOHSHOCHTENbHBIE, jlexcwyeckue, rpaMMaTHyeckue, OpdorpadHyecke HaBBIKH, HaBbIKH TEXHHKH YTCHHA H MMCbM4, Ha KX OCHOBE Pa3BKBatoTCa YMCHHA NOHH- MaTb peub Ha ChyX, rOBOPCHHA MH YTCHNA Peuesbie YMeHRA COCTaBNA- 1OT TBOPYECKYIO JeATEMBHOCTS, B KOTOPOH NPHHHMalOT y4acTHe HH- TeNekTyaIbHad H SMOUMOHATLHAD ciheps! NPM peueHHu peveBEIX 3ana4, BOobpaxkeHve H MpencTaBnenHA crylualomero, roBopsmero, “nTaIOmero, Virak, dopmuposaine HaBplkos 4 YMeHHA NONB3OBaTECA H3y4a- €MbIM A3BIKOM B leNax OOWEHHA COCTABIAeT NCHXONOTH4eCKHiA KOMMOHeHT cofep>aHva obyyenna HA. CospemenHas gunaktuka ynenser Gonbmioe BHHMaHMe Opra- HH3aNHH AKTHBHOM TeaTeNbHOCTH CaMHX YYaMIMXCA NO yCBOEHHIO HOBbIX 3HaHHii, POPMHPOBAHHIO H pasBUTHIO YMeHHH, ynpaBeEHHIO y4eOHO-BOCHHTaTeNbHBIM HMpOWeCcoM, CTHMYyJIMPOBaHHIO NO3HaBa- TeNbHOW aKTHBHOCTH, BOBMeyeHHe Ux B IaHApoBaHHe cBoel yue6- HOH DeaTrenbHOCTH.. 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Yuawiuxca cnenyeT YYHTb NepeHOcy 3HaHHii, HaBbIKOB M yMe- Hui, NPMOOpeTeHHbIx DPW H3yYeHHM PODHOTO A3bIKa H UpyrHx mpea- MeTOB, IIPHEMAaM BbINOJIHEHHA 3anaHni N10 HHCbMy, YTEHHIO, NoAro~ TOBKe yCTHOrO coo6meHHaA OueHb BaxKHO Hay4yuTb yuamuxca OCy MleCTBNEHHIO CAMOKOHTPONIA H CAMOKOppeKUMH, a TaloKe caMOaHa~ SWH3y pe3yIbTaTOB yueOHOH ReaTenbHOCTH. 1 KOHEYHO, OOaA3aTeNbHBIM YCHIOBHEM YCNemIHOTO H3y4EHHA MHOCTPAHHOTO A3bIKa YUAIIMMMCH BbI- cTynaeT yMeHHe Monb30Barbca YYeOHHKOM 4 APYTHMH KOMNOHeHTaMH YMK, a Taloxe cnosapaMH V3 cka3zanHoro céAenyer, {TO NOABLTaCh HEOGXOAHMOCTb BbIAe- NHTb CHl€ OHH KOMMOHEHT COZepKaHHA o6yyeHHa - MeTOAOOrH- 4eckHi — O6y4eHHe pallHOHaibHbIM pHeMam y4eHus, NO3HaHHs HO- BOTO A3EIKa, POPMHPOBAHHE HAaBbIKOB H YMeHMit UM MOJIb30BaTECA B UeNAX YCTHOFO H NMCbMeHHOrO (YTeHHe) OOMeHHA Virak, conepxxanue o6yyeHHa JOOKHO BKMOUaTb 1. JIMHrBHCTHYeCKHH KOMNOHEHT, OObeAHHAIOULMT A3bIKO- Boi H peyeBol MaTepxall. 2. IenxoaornueckHii KomnoHeHT, BknOUalOlUH dopMupy- eMbi€ HABLIKH H yMeHHA, OOecneyHBaIOUIHe YYauHMCA NoNb3OBaHHE u3yYaeMbIM A3bIKOM pH OOmeHHH. 3. MerononornueckHii KOMMNOHEHT, CBA3AHHbIH C OBaneHN- ©M YuallWMHCA NPHEMaMH YYCHHA, NO3SHAHHEM HOBOPO UIA HAX Mpen- MeTa, Pa3BHTHEM Y HHX CaMOeATEMbHOTO Tpyla» > B vem cynocme evidensemeix KOMNOHEHMOB COdEPHCAHUA Oby- yeHuAa? > B vem 3aku0¥aemca HOBU3ZHa 6 ONpedeIeHUU COdePKAHUA Oby- yeHua? 10 Cogepmanne o6V4cHHE MHOC IparitbiM wibikaM » B wem mouxa 3penua asmopoe cosnadaem c mouxoti 3penua A. Jf. Kaumenmeuxo u A. A. Mupono6oea no eonpocy codeporanua o6yuenua? CoppeMeHHbie MOXXONEI K OnpemeneHMio comepyxaHna OOy4e~ HHA, KOTOpBIe GynyT NpenCTaBeHbI HWXKe, BHOCAT HECKONLKO Apyroit OTTeHOK B ONlpefeneHKe NonaTHA «cogepKaHHe O6y4eHHAD. Cnexyet oTMeTHTS, YTO B HOCnenHee Bpema Gonbilie MpHXODHTCA TOBOPHTh WKe HE NPOCTO O KCOAepxKaHHA o6yyeHna», a CKOpee 0 «CO- Tepkanwy oOpa3z0BaHum > Kax Bot dymaeme, xem 9mo o6ycroenexo? Cuatana o3HaKoMbTecb C MHeHvemM H. J. TanpcKxosoit mo gax- HOMy Bonpocy. Tanpcxosa H.Ji. Cospemennan Metoquka obyaenns HHoc- Tpannpim s3nrKkam - M.: APKTH-DIOCCA, 2000, - C. 82-83. > Cxazicume, 6 vem cyiyecmeennaa pasruya (ecru ona ecme) noo- xo00a Yyumupyemozo asmopa K onpedenenuro codepoicanua o6y4eHusi? «CoppemenHbie oTevecrseHubie H 3apyOexHble 1MqaKTMKa 1 MeTOIIMKa paccmatpuBalor Colepxanne OOyYeHHA He Kak CTaTH4Hy10, a Kak MOCTOAHHO H3MeHAOMYIOCA KH PasBHBalOMyloca KaTerOpHio, CBASaHHY!0 Cc Npoweccom obyyexua. [px atom B cogepxaHue oby- ueHua mOG6omy mpeyMerTy BKMIOGAeTCA HE TONLKO TO, YTO MOKHO YCHbIMaTh HIM YBAAETE Ha ypOKe, YTO IKCHIKUATHO BbIPAKeHO WH HarsiQHO npencTapieHoO YYHTeIeM IH YYeHHKOM, HO H TO, 0 4eM OHM YMAIOT, YTO TYBCTBYIOT HM MepexkuBai0rT, a TakxKe Te TICHXH4eC- KHe Mpouecchl, KOTOpble MpoTeKalOT B MX «TOOBAaX», KOTMA ODMH packpbiBaet, a mpyroi ocBamBaer Mup HHO HalWMOHAbHOU KynbTy- pst Takum o6pa3om, conep»xaiue o6y4eHHa COCTaBIAeT BCE TO, YTO BOBNEKACTCA B JEATEMBHOCTL YYMTENA, YHCOHYIO NEATEMbHOCTh yue- Conepmaime o6y'YelHa HHOCTpaHHBIM s3bIKaM. ll HHKa, yHeOHBIi MarepHan, a Take mpouecc ero ycBoeHHa' Otciona O4EBADHO, YTO comeprkaHHe OGyYEHHA COOTHOCHTCA C TaKHMH kaTe- TOpHaMy, Kak B3AHMOCBA3AHHAA DeATC_HOCTS NPeNOwaBaHHA (aea- TENbHOCTh yYHTesA) H YYeHHA (AeATeMBHOCTS yueHHKa), OOpatieH- HBIX Ha yueOubIii MaTepuall, HIM, MHa4e roBOps. — Ha cOnep»xKaHHe yue6xoro npenmeta Cnenosarenbuo, conep>xaHve obyyeHHa BkmoyaeT B Cea cre- AYIOMIHE OCHOBHBIE KOMMOHEHTEI. — cchepst KOMMYHHKaTHBHO! eaATebHOCTH, TeMbI, CHTYalMH H MIporpaMMbI KX pa3sBepTbIBAHHA, KOMMYHHKATHBHBIE HM COUNAIBHBIE pomu, peyesble neicTBusa 4 peyesoli MaTepuan (TeKcToI, peyesble 06- pasubiuT a), ~ A3bIKOBOH MaTepHaN, NpaBHiia ero o*OpMseHHA HM HaBbIKH OTle- pHpoBaHua HMH, - KOMMIeKC ChelMajbHplx (peyepbix) yMeHHii, XapakTepH3y10~ UIHX yPOBCHD NpaKxruyeckoro opanenHa WA Kak cpeacTrBom oOue~ HHA, B TOM 4MCII€ B MHTEPKyJbTYPHBIX CHTyallHax, — CHCTeMY 3H@HH HallMOH@bHO-KybTYpHBIX OCObeHHOCTeH H peanuii CTpaHb! W3y4aeMOrO A3bIkKa, MMHMMYM STHKETHO-V3YAbHBIX opm peu 4 YMeHHA MOMb30BaTbCA MMH B PasMM4HBIX cipepax peye- Boro OOmeHKA, ~ yue6ubie m KoMnenCupyroulve (amanTHBHble) yMeHus, pallHOHalibHbie NPHeMbI yMCTBeHHOrO Tpyzla, OOecrleyHBalouine Kysb~ TYPy YCBOeHHA a3biKa B yYeOHBIX yCOBHAX H KyTbTypy OOmeHUA Cc ero HOCHTENAMH». A BOT elle O2HH COBpeMeHHAIi NOZXOL, aBTOpaMM KOTOPOrO AB- naiotca BB Carouosa, E.H. Conososa, HJ. Bum, M 3. Bu6onero- Ba, JLT Kysbmuna. & [powmaime u cka»xcume, xax onpedensiom codepacanue o6y- Y@HUA UHOCIMPQHHOMY A3bIKY 9muU aemopr!? 1 Teoperiteckne ocHoBE! Mpowecca OOy4eHHa B CoReTCKOR moe /Tloa pea B B Kpaes- coro. A Jleprepa -M_ Llenarormxa, 1989 - C 67 12 Conep»xartte oS yYeHHa HHOCTpAHHEIM 13bIKaM Konnenuna coxepkanns o6pa30BaHns B 12-seTHel unkoue No npex- Mety «HHocrpannntii s3puo> // Mnocrp. 93. 6 usKoste. - 2000. - Ne 1. «Coaepaanne o6y4eHHs HHOCTPaHHOMY A3bIky B CpenHei mKO- ae peanu3yeT ero OCHOBHBIe WeK, HaNpaBNeHHbIe Ha PasBATHE y IIKOMbHUKOB KyNTypbI OOmeHHA B Npolecce POpMHpOBAHHA BCeX KOM- MOHEHTOB HHOASHISHOM KOMMYHHKaTHBHON komnereHumn. JlaHHpie KOM- NeTeHUMM Mpegnonararor (popMMpOBaHMe KaK YHCTO JIMHIBUCTHYeCKHX HaBbIKOB (JIEKCH4ECKHX, PPAMMATMYECKUX H POHETHYECKUX), TAK H AX HOpMaTHBHOe HCNOsb30BaH He B YCTHOH K NMCbMeHHO: pen. [peana- raeMble TeMBI, TEKCTEI, TpoONeMbI, peyeBble 3ala4 OPHEHTHPOBaHb! 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O6y4eHve HHOCTpaHHOMy A3bIKy B Ha4aIbHOH WkoNe HanpaBie- HO Ha. — CO32aHve YCHOBHK Ris pave KOMMYHHKaTHBHO-MCMXOsIOrH- yeckor allanTauHH K HOBOMY 23bIKOBOMY MHPy, OTHHYHOMY OT MHpa POLHOTO A3bIka H KYIBTYPbI, H Wid NpeowomeHMa B AanbHeHIMeM NCH- xolorHyeckoro Gapbepa B HCHONbIOBaHHM HHOCTPAHHOLO ABbIKa KaK cpeqcTaa KOMMyHH Kaun, —O3HaKOMIIeHHe C 3apy6exKHbIM MeCeHHBIM, CTHXOTBOPHEIM H CKa- 304HBIM PONbKOPOM, MHPOM Hp H pasBereHHit; ~ IpHobpereHHe AeThMA COMMaMbHOTO ONbITa 3a CUeT pacunpe- HHA CileKTpa MpOHTpPIBAeMEIX KOMMYHHKATHBHBIX poneli B CHTYaLLMAX CemeiHoro 4 WIKOMbHOrO OOMeRHA, C IPy3bAMH HM B3POCsIbIMH Ha HHO- CTpaHHOM sa3bike; opmupoBaHHe npexcTaBrenui 06 oOwmx yepTax u ocoGenHoctax o6menua Ha POAHOM HW HHOCTpaHHOM A3biKax, — PopMupoBanve aeMeHTapHDIX KOMMyHHKaTHBHEIX YMeHHi B 4-x Bunax peveBoii JeaTenbHocTH (roBopeHnn, ITeHHH, aynMpOBAaHHH, TMCbMe) © y¥eTOM BO3MO>KHOCTEH HM NoTpeOHOcTel MIaKIHX DKOMb- HMKOB; — POpMHpOBAHHe HeKOTOPEIX YHHBEPCa/IbHbIX IMHIBACTHYECKAX NOHATHH, HaOMOZaeMbIX B POAHOM H HHOCTPaHHOM s3bIKaX Tipn w3y4eHHH HHOCTpaHHOro A3bIKa Ha e/MOpot Cmynenu, B OC- HOBHOH Kone (V ~ X wiaccsi), B WeHTpe BHAMaHMA HaXOAMTCa MOC- NEAOBATEMbHOE HW CHCTEMATHYECKOE PasBHTHE y UIKOJIbHHKOB BCeX CO- CTaBIAIOUINX KOMMYHHKA@THBHOH KOMNETCHUHH B Npolecce OBIaNeHHA pa3iM4HbIMH CTparervsiMH TOBOPeHHA, YTEHHS, ay IMpOBAaHHA. 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Ipucrynas k w3y4eHMO BTOpOro pasyesa, OOparHTeck Kk Pa3HbIM HCTOUHHKaM H CloBapaM H Jaiire onpezeneHus NOHATHAM «OOyyeHHe» M «oOpa3zoBaHKe» OOpaTute BHAMaHHE Kak HX TPakTyIOT pasHble aB- tops! Tonpodyiire camu OrBeTHTb Ha BOMpoc Yem oTMMMaeTcA «O6- pa3s0BaHhe» oT KObyYeHHAD H Hy>KHO 1M BOOOLUe pa3sTpaHHUHBaTh STH noHaTHa? EcnH a, TO C KaKOH LENBIO Paszzea 2 OcxosHoit npo6nemoli mo Bonpocy conepxkaHus, Ha aHHbIi MOMEHT, ABIAETCA ONPeNeMeHHe NOHATHH «cOnepxXaHHe O6yYeHHA» H «conepxkaHne o6pa3soBaHHsA» B cBsa3H cC 3THM CTAHOBHTCA NOHATHEIM HalMuve Takoro Gonbworo KomHYeCTBa pasHOMacHii No AaHHOMY BON- pocy, Hanwune Taxoro Gonbuoro KONHYeCTBa KOHUENUAH B Ompenene- HHH comep>kanna O6y4eHHA H O6pazopanua Jlapaitte nonpoGyem pa- 306parbca B TOM MHOTOOOpasHH H nonmbITaeMca ONpeRenHTb HaHGonee MIpHemnemyio Monetb Conep»KaHHa O6y4eHus HH OOpa3z0BaHHA Ha DaH- HbIH nepHO pasBuTHA HaykH 06 OOmecTBe, NOTPeOHOCTAMH KOTOpO- ro o6ycnasnnsaetca BCA OOpasoBarenbHaa CucTeMa B.C. Jleanes onpezenser o6pasosanue Kak OOtmecTBeHHO opra- HH3yeMbIi WH HOPMHpyeMbIit Mpollecc nocTosHHOH Nepenayn Npepume- CTBYIODIAMH NOKONCHHIMH NOCHEMYIONIHM COL[H@IbHO 3HaYHMOTO ONIbI- Ta, mpenctaBnsiomnA cobon B OHTOFEHETHYECKOM NaHe YR S063 BiBnisroKa | Copepmkanie oOy'4eHis HHOCTpaHHEIM s3b0caM: MS} i | 17 6vocounanbHbli npouecc CraHOBeHKA MM4HOCTH B 3TOM Npouecce @BTOP BbIZeIACT TPH OCHOBHDBIX CTPyKTYPHBIX @CNekTa NOSHABaTeIb- Hbiit, OGecneyHBalOWIHt ycBoeHMe OMbiTa MHYHOCTbIO, BOCTHTAaTeTb- Hblit, onpesenarownit BOCNUTaHHe THNONOrMYECKHX CBOMCTB IHYHOC- TM, A TaOKe pasBUBAIOIMH, OTBEYAOUIMK 3a (PHSHYECKOE HK YMCTBEHHOe pasputue. Tlockonbky Beayuieii NeaTenbHOcCThWO B O6pa30BaHHH ABNA- erca yae6uas, o6pasoRaHHe AM4HOCTH MOX%KHO Ha3BaTb YYeOHO-BOCTIH- TaTebHO-pa3BHBaloUlHM MPOueccoM Orciona MOKHO Clevlarb cnezyOulMit BLIBOA «conepkaHue o6- pas0BaHKa — 3TO CORepyKaHue Mpouecca nporpeccHBHEIX H3MeHeEHHA CBOMCTB K Ka4eCTB JTHYHOCTH, HeOOXOZHMbIM YCAIOBHEM FET ABSIACT- ca oco6nIM o6pa30m opraHH30BaHHas eaTenbHocTE» | B caow ovepenp, o6yyenve B cOueTaHHH C ApyrHMH BHaMH HeaTenbHOCTH M Np COOTBETCTByIOWWeEM Moz6ope ero opm H Me- Tonos oGecneuHBaeT yCBOeHHE ONbITA JIHUHOCTH H Ha 3TOH OCHOBE — PasBHTHe H BOCNUTaHHe YemoBeKa, a TAKE B LENOM Mepemayy npen- mecTByromero onbita NocreaylouLHM Nokonenuam HeoOxonHMo oT- METHTb, UTO COMePxKAHHEe OOpa30BAHHA OXBATbIBAET, TAKHM O6pa3om, He TOMbKO CONepKaHHe yueHHOrO MaTepHata, HO H Xapaxtep yuebuoit DEATEABHOCTH, @ TakOKe MeTOAbI 1 COpMbI OGy4eHHA, NOCKONbKy Ka- 4YeCTBa JHYHOCTH, COMEP KAHNE BOCNHTAHHA H PasBHTHA BO MHOTOM 3aBUCAT HE TONbKO OT TOMO, 4YTO H3y4aeTCA, HO M OT TOTO Kak H3y4a- eTca B acnexre o6yyenua HHOCTpaHHbIM #3bIKaM BOMpoc conepxa- Ha OOyYCHHA pemaeTca NO-pa3sHOMY, B 3ABHCHMOCTH OT TOH HI HHOK KOHUeMUMH aBropa. Tipw onpenenexun KOMNOHEHTOB CozepxkaHHA O6yxeHug HHOCT- PaHHOMy s3bIKy HeEOOXOMHMO, Npexze BCero, OOparHTbCs K NMHTBHC- THKE, MOCKOMbKY ON METOIMKH NpenolaBaHHA HHOCTPaHHOrO ASbIKA BaKHO pa3rpaHv4eHHe NPOBOAMMOE B HayKe, Ha A3bIK H peu. B nMHr- BHCTHKE MO A3bIKOM NOHHMAIOT CHCTEMY A3BIKOBbIX CpescTB, HEOO- XOZMMBIX IA oOwenna, K NpaBH HX MCNONL30BaHHS, a NOW Peqbko — PeanHzaliMio A3bIKOBOM CHCTEMBI B KOHKPETHEIX akTAX OOMEHHA. + Hepies BC Conepxarme oGpasonanna -M_ Baicuzar upwna, 1989 18 Conepamnme o6Vuctia HHOCTpAaHHiIM aabIkaM Ormeuaetca, 4TO A3bIK M PCY COCTABMAIOT ABE CTOPOHbI ODHO- TO ABNEHHA, T € OH He MpOTHBONOCTAaBAAIOTCA ApyT Apyry, a oObe- AMAAIOTCA BOCQHHO Kak CpeACTBAa HK cnocober OCYLUeECTBIICHHA pa3- JIM4HbIX BADOB peyesorw CATE bHOCTH Ormeuaa uenecoo6pasHocTb yCTaHOBNeHHOTO JHHTBUCTHKOH n0- No%keHva 06 ypoBaax cuctempbt a3biKa, JI. C. AHapeescxan-Jlepen- CTepH BbIJeNAeT 18a KOMNOHEHTA Copep»xkanHa O6y4eHHA HHOCTpaH- HbIM A3bIKaM B OOwecOpasz0BarenbHO WKOLe. Cormacno 3T0ii KOHIENLMH, MepBLIM KOMNOHEHTOM ABIAETCH A3bI- KOBOM MaTepHall pasHBIX ypoBHeli’ doHema, Mopibema, COBO, Mpegmo- okenue, Texcr. [pu 3Tom emMHUUe OGy4eHHA MHOCTPaHHOMy s3bIKy NpH- 3HaeTcs THNOBOE NpewiorkeHHe (peyesoit OOpasey WIH MoneNbHaA (pasa) Kak H3BecTHO, npH OG6y4eHHH HHOCTpaHHOMy A3bIky OCyYMeCTB- JaeTCA yueOHAA, MOSHABATe/IbHaA JeEATeMbHOCTD, B XOZe KOTOPOH yua- LUHeCA YCBAMBAIOT A3bIK, Y HAX (POPMHPY!OTCA MeXAaHM3MBI peyH, OGec- TeyNBaroUle eFO HCTONb3OBaHHE B OOWIEHHM, Peyepad ReATeNbHOCTS HaXODHT peanw3aliMio B KOHKPeTHEIX DeficTBuax H Onepaunax Peye- BbIe AeHCTBHA, OMHAKO, BO3MOXKHbI TONBKO B TOM Ciy4ae, Kora Bia- De@HHE A3bIKOBbIM H PeYeBbIM M@TepHasOM WOBEACHO TO YPOBHA Ha- BBIKOB H yMeHHii B xove #3yYeHHA HHOCTPaHHOMO ASbIKA Y YUaLMAXCA oOpMUpyloTcA NPOHSHOCHTENHBIe, NeKCHYCCKHe, MPPaMMaTHYecKHe, opdhorpapvueckve HaBbIKM, HaBbIKH TEXHHKH YTeCHHA H MHcbMa. Ha OCHOBE BBILIeMepedHCICHHbIxX HABbIKOB PasBHBaIOTCA YMCHHA NOHH- MaTb peub Ha CJIyX, FOBOpeHHA W 4TeHHA Takum O6pa3om, B Ka¥ecTBe BTOpoH CocTaBHOH YacTH OOyYeHHA MHOCTPAHHbIM A3bIKaM BbIeNA- TOTCA HABbIKH H YMCHHA KaK YCIOBHE OCyIeCTBNEHHA peyeBor Bes- TembHocrn. 3necb JI. C. Anapeescxas-JlesenctepH oTmeyaeT, 4TO Pe%b 4enOBeka CBA3AHa HE TOJIbKO C Pa3BHTHEM HaBbIKOB H yMeHHit. HO Takoke C pa3BHTHeM MBIUIeHHs. [lo3ToMy B IIKOsIbHOM o6y¥eHuK HeOOXOAMMO pa3BHBaTb He TOKO HAMaJHO-eHCTBeHHOe MbILIe- He, Kak, HanpuMep, paOoTa Hal A3bIKOBLIM MaTepHanom No aHaIOTHH, HO H a6cTpakTHO-NOrH4eckoe, T. e. NOHATHHHOe MbIMUTeHHe ! ' Aruipeescras-JIeperctepH JIC Meroguxa rperioqapaHHa (pain 3cKoro a3nika B CpesHelt mukone — M, 1983 ‘Conepxarie o6y4enHa HHOCTpaHHEIM s3bkaM 19 P.K. Munesp-Benopyyes pacumupser nonatue «cozepxa- Ha O6yseHua» Ilo MHeHHIO 3TOro aBropa, ComepxKaHHe CKalbI- BaeTCA W3 OByX GonbUMx KOMNOHEHTOB 3HAHMH, Cc OHO CTOpOHsl, HM HaBbIKOB HM yMeHHii ~ c Apyrod [pu 3ToM B 3HaHMe Kak KOMIIO- HeHT CONep%*KaHUA OOyYeHHA MOMHMO A3BIKOBOrO MaTepHasla BKITIO- YaIOTCA NOHATHA O COCOOaX M Mpvemax peyeBo ReaTenbHOCTH Ha MHOCTPaHHOM A3BIKe, NeKCHYeCKHH MOH, CBELeHHA O HALMOHaNb- HOH KyIbType M TeMaTH4eCkHit MaTepHan Tipu onpegenenun Btoporo KOMMOHEeHTAa ConepxKaHua O6y- 4YeHHA OCHOBHOe BHHMAHHe yneleTca peveBbiM HaBbIKaM H yMe- HMaM, T1pH 3TOM BbLEMAIOTCA NIPOM3HOCHTENBHBIC, HHTOHANHOH- HEIe, rpaduyeckne, opdhorpapuyeckue, mekcu4eckue, TpaMMaTHyeckue peveBble HAaBLIKH, YMeHHA TOBOPeHHA, ayRHpo- BaHHa, YTeHMA WH MMCbMa | WA. 3umHaa Onpedenaet o6pa30BaHne Kak COWMaNbHbIA HHCTHTYT HM paccMaTPHBAeT eFO Kak OAHY H3 COMMAAbHLIX NoOn- cTpyktyp oOuectsa Hmenxo nostomy conepxatue o6pa30Ba- HMA OTPaxkaeT CocTORHMe OOmecTBa M Nepexod OT ODHOTO Co- CTOAHHA K Apyromy B nacTosmee BpeMaA ~ 3TO Nepexoy oT HH AYCTPHAIbHOrO K MOCTHHAYCTpHaIbHOMY HH MHDOpMallHoH- Homy O6mectsy XXIs8 [pvnumas Bo BHUMAaHHe, 4YTO pasBUTHe H yHkuMOHMpoBaHve O6pasoBaH uA Obyc2OBeHO BCeMH thakTopa- MH H YCNOBHAMM CyIecTBoBaHHA OOMECTBAa, CHeAyeT OTMETHTb HauGomee TecHyl CBa3b OOpa3soRaHna WM KynbTypsl Ona mpen- cTaBaset co6oH CyMHOCTHYIO B3AMMO3ABHCUMOCTD, ¥TO TpOsB- JA€TCA, B YACTHOCTH, B TOM, 4TO OLHMM H3 OCHOBHBIX NPHHLH- NOB CyMECTBOBAaHHA M pasBuTHa OOpasoBaHUA ABAAETCA «kylbTypocoobpasHocTh» SToT NpHHUMN O3HayaeT ObyyeHue B KOHTEKCTE KYJIBTYPbI, OPHEHTaUMio OOpaz0BaHHA Ha XapaKTep H UeHHOCTH KYJIBTYPEI, Ha OCBOEHHE €€ AOCTHKEHHH H ee BOCpO- W3BOACTBO, Ha IPHHATHE COMMOKY.ALTYPHIX HOPM HW BKMIOYeHHE yenopeka B UX JabHeliuiee passuTue 7 ' Munpap-Betopyyes PK Meroauxa o6yuenma dpamntyicxomy s3uiky -M., 1990 2 Suniaa V1 A Megat ormyeckas icuxonorua —Poctos 1/J], 1997 -C $2-53 20 Comepxanne o6y4eria MHOCTpaH nim #3biKaM E. H. [acco nonaraer, yto yenbro o6pa3s0BaHHAa MoxKeT CUH- TaTbCA TONbKO “YeNOBeK MOpasibHEI, AyxoBHbIM» JtyxosHoe Gorar- CTBO ~ 3TO KTOTOBad XapakTepvicTHKa HHIMBH LyasibHOCTH, Kak cIIpa- peaaveo cuutaet B H Cararoscxuii [lyxopvoctb Bbicrynaet Kak cpeacTso copepuienva TBOpYecKO AeaTenbHocTH. Jina yenoBeKa AYXOBHOTO MpACBOeHKe UH Nepepadorka KYIbTYpbI, a BMECTe Cc Heit u ASbiKa ABIIACTCA BAKHEMMCH WEMbIO ero CYIECTBOBAHUA. Vinean yenopexa 3alaeTcA He TOKO TeM, 4TO HOMKEH 3HATh 1 yMeTb yen0Bex, a ropazfo Gonee ycrow4MBbiMu OpHeHTHpaMu, ympaB- FAOLIMMH ef DEATeEMbHOCTEIO B MOON cibepe Coma cnenyer oTHec- ‘TH KYSIBTYPy CO3HlaTebHOTO TBOPYeCKOrO Tpya, KyIbTypy pasyMHoro noTpeGneHHa, KyTypy ryMaHHCTHYeCKOTO OOMEHHA, KyJIETy py MO3Ha- HHA, KYLTY Py MAPOBOS3PEHHA, KysILTy py ICTETHYECKONO OCBOEHHA Neli- cTauTenbHocTy B sTom cmyyae MHAMBUAyaNbHOCTs CnocobHa BbICTy- TaTb HCTOUHMKOM HOBONO, OHA OTMNAETCA CIOCOOHOCTEIO K TBOpYeCTEY, K PaCLUHPeHHiO TPaHHU COUMANbHOM mpakTUkH wm OFOraleHHIO KyIbTypbt Takum o6pa3om, E. HW. Taccos cormacen ¢ C « M. Typoscrumn, KOTOpble paccmatpuBatoT CHCTeMy OOpa30BaHHA kak «oOmecTBeHHBI MHCTHTYT @OPMHPOBAaHHA MYHOCTH B KavecTBe CyObeKTa Ky/IBTypb>»> Mpouece npeobpasosaHma 4enoBeka Kak HHAMBHAyaIbHOCTH MpencraBnsetca YeTbIpexacnexTHtim. [epponavanbyetit cosmaHHEli yenoBeKom 06pa3 — ce6s, Mupa, CBOHXx MeHcTBHi B MHpe — BCe BpeMa nogBepraetca MM4HOCTHO nepepaGorKe Takum o6pa3om, o6pa30sa- HUe Kak MpOuecc ecTb, C OHO CTOPOHbI — Mepenaia, a c OpyroH — MIpHCBOeHHe KysIBTYpbI, HanpaBsleHHble Ha MpeoOpasopanve yeoBeka O6pazopaHue kak mponykT — 3TO TO, 4TO MpHobpen YeTOBeK B pe3ys1bTate N03HaHMA, PasBHTHs, BOCTHTAHHSA H yyeHusa. Cnefoparenb- HO, O6pa30BaHHe AOMMKHO NpecnesoBaTb ue’ — pasBHBaTb crocob- HOCTb OUCHKH OKpy2kalomero Mupa, Jone, ceba c TOUKH 3peHHA cy6nexra kynptypH. [loromy 470, kak cnpaBeanuBo c4uMTaeT UA Slepuep, ver nnyero, uTo 641 BoMWTIO B cOepKaHHe O6paz0Ba- HHA MIOMHMO KYSIBTypbI | [faccos E HM TporpaMMa-koriler 1a KoMMYHMKATHRHOTO HHOS3BrHO! 0 O6pasonaHnt - M TIpocremertue. 2000 -C 20-38 Covepanne o6vuerna HHocTpaHHbIM A3BIKaM 21 B cea3H c 3TKM NpepctaBlsetca HEOOxOaMMbIM MepeopHeH- Tana o6pasopanna CO 3HAHHCLICHTPHYECKOrO Ha kysIbTy pocoo6- pa3sHoe, cnocobHoe CHelaTb YENOBEKA HE TONbKO o6pa3oBaHHbim, HO H KYJIBTYPHBIM, ZYXOBHBbIM, HAYYHTb MBICINTb, HALEIMTb He Ha OBNaACHHE TOTOBLIMH 3HaHHAMH H UX TIpHMCHEHHE, a Ha KpeaTHB~ HOCTB. Vimexto kynbtypa kak CHCTeMa WeHHOCTeH, ACNOMb3yeMaa B KauecTBe CONepxaHHA o6pasoBanna, CTaHOBHTCA TeM MpocTpaH- CTBOM CyYI€CTBOBaHHA, Gnarogapa KOTOPOMY 4e0BEK MOET CTaTb ¥Ye@OBEKOM AYXOBHEIM. Tak, c OAHOM CTOPOHLI, OBNANEHHE KyJbTy- po BRUACT Ha CTAHOBJIEHHE HHABBUDYanbHOCTH, CHEAOBaTEbHO, B KOHEYHOM CueTe, Ha OOpa3z0BaTeNbHbIi ypoBeHb oOujectBa. C apy- To CTOpOHbI, MPHCBOeCHHAA CHCTeMa WEHHOCTeH BIIMAeT Ha TO, BO MM& 4CrO H KaK MHDMBHAyaIbHOCTh MCNONb3yeT CBOl NOTeHUMAN, T €. Ha HpaBCTBeEHHBIA ypoBenb oOmecTBay Ha ocuosanun BBIMeK3NOXEHHOTO MOXKHO CACHATb BbIBOL, 4TO CORepxKaHHe HHOASHIYHOTO o6pasoBaH WA ~ 3HAYMTEJIDHO WHpe nw Ooraye, ¥eM 3TO TPaMHUMOHHO npenctaBnaerca Ero conepKa- HHE COCTABIACT HHOAZbINHAR KysIbTYPAa. K COKACHHIO, TEPMHH “HHOASHIMHAA KyIbTYpa» CTA KCNOAb- 3OBaTbCA KaK CHHOHMM MOHATHA “KHOCTpabHHaa KysJIbTypa», 4TO He- koppektuo. B caa3u c 3THM, NpenCTaBAAeTCA NPHHUAMHAaNbHO Bak- HbIM PA@CKPbITb HK oGo0cHoBaTb MOHATHE «HHOASDINHAR KyJIBTYPa». B kayectsBe uenH o6pa3sopanna, Kak ye rOBOPH0Cb Billie, AOIKHA BbICTYNAaTh MOZENb 4e10BeKa LYXOBHOTO (homo moralis). MoxeT 1 B 3TOM Ciyuae CAYKUTb ANEKBATHBIM CPeACTBOM 0Cc- THKEHHA WENH TakOe COMeEpxKaHHe, KAK KKOMMYHHKATHBHBIC YMC- HHA, AZbIKOBBIe (7!) 3HAHHA MH HaBLIKH, IMHBOCTpaHoBed4eckHe 3HaHHA», Kak 3TO Yale Bcero npeaaraetca? Koneuno, Het, 460 (nOBTOpHM) 3HaHHS, YMeHHA M HaBbIKH CyTh Comep»xKaHHe O6y4e- WHat (OHH Ke H eTO Wenb), COnep»xKaHvem xe O6pas0BaHHA ABNA- eTCA KyAbTypa Conepxxanue MHOASBIYHOrO o6pasoBaHHa 3HadH- TeNbHO wHpe, 6oraue u BaKHEEe, 4M STO TPAaTHUHOHHO npeactaBiaeTca 22 Cofepixarite OS UCHIHA HHOCTpAHEBIM T1bKaM TIpouece HHOs3BI4HOrO OOpa3z0BaHHA, ABNAIOWMMCA O2- HAM 43 BHDOB o6pasosanna Boooue, daxtnyeckun BKIUOUaeT B ce6a yeTbipe acnekta 1) mo3NaHHe, KOTOpoe Haue1eHO Ha OBmaneHHe KyNbTy- POBEAYECKHM COMepKAKHEM HHOAZHINHOK KyIbTypbI (ciona OT- HOCHTCA HE TOMBKO kybTypa CTpaHbl, COGcTBEHHO (axTbI Kysb- Typbl, HO W 33bIK KAK 4AaCTb KYIBTYpBI), 2) pa3BuTue, KoTOpoOe HalleNeHO Ha OBMAMeHHE MICHXO- JOFMYeCKHM COJEpxKAaHHEM KHOAZHINHOH KyeTypbI (cnoco6- HOCTH, MCHUXH4eCKHe PyHKUHH KT 1), 3) BocnHTaHue, KoTOpoe HalleneHo Ha OBManeHHe Neqa- FOTHYeCKHM COJepxKaHMEM HHOA3ZKIUHOH KyNBTypH (HpaB- CTBeHHBIM, MOPaNbHbIA, ITAYECKHH aCNeKTBI), 4) yyenne, KoTOpoe HaueneHO Ha OBNameHue CONH- AABHBIM COLEPKAHHEM HHOASHIYHOH KYALTYPLI, COUMAILHBIM B TOM CMBICie, YTO peyeBble YMeHHA YCBaMBalOTCA kak cpen- cTpa oOmeHHA B Counyme, B OOmecTBe. Jobo ysamuiica AOAKEH 3HaTb H yMETb PeaMH3OBbiBaTh Te PYHKUMH, KOTOPBI- MM HaneneHO Kaxkd0e 43 PeyeBbIX yMeHHH H OOmeHHE B Re- som Ecav 4 MOx*KHO FOBOPHTb O NpakTHYeCcKOM NpeaHa3Ha- YeHHH HHOCTPAHHOFO AZbIKa, TO HE TOKO B CMBICIE OCO3HAHHA yKa3aHHbIX SYHKUMH WH OBNATeHHA HMM, HO HOB CMBICHe OCO3HAHHA NpakTHYECKOLO pe3sysbTaTa, KOTOPAIH Cka- 3bIBaCTCA Ha OBNANCHHH PCYeBhIMH YMEHHAMH B 3aBUCHMOC- TH OT YPOBHA OBNAeHHA KYAbTYPOBEAYECKHM, NCHxXONOrH- yeCKHM H MeWarorH¥eCKHM ACHekTaMH CORepxaHHA HHOAZBINHOH KYIbTypbl, B MpOwkecce OBNAAEHUA STUMH acneKk- Tamu, a He nocue. 39eCb YMECTHO 34METHTD, YTO MENeHHe Ha ACTeEKTbI MH NPOWECChl, KOHEYHO 2K, YCMOBHOE, YHCTO NO3Ha- BaTenbHOe, MpOReNaHHOe AA NOHUMAHHA COMeCpKaHHA HHOA- 3bI4HOrO O6pa3z0BaHHA B axelicTaHTenbHocTH xe B CaMom 06- pasopatenbHoM mpouecce (PyHKUMOHANBHO) 3TH poLeccel (acnekTb) B3aHMOCBA3aHbI, B3AHMO3ABUCUMEI, B3AaHMOOOyc- alopneHnb (cM cxemy 1). Cogepmarie oGvuerns KHOCTpaHHED #35kaM 3 Cxema | Cogep>kaHue HHOA3BFHHOrO MHOA3bIUHAA KWIbTYPA o6pa30BaHna Tipoueccyanppie o6pa30Banus ActiekTbl Coun- conepxanva anbHbiit KoMnoueHTBI conepxKaHua acTeTH4cc- Kaa, SKON0- THAUCCKaa KyabTypa H ap O6pextsi opnaneHua Lenb MHQUBHAyanbHOCTL kak MOJeNb — Hear o6pa3z0BaHHa joGulectBa — YenoBeK LyXOBHEIi (homo moralis) 24 Cogepaxaitne ofydeHHa HHOCTpaHHBIM A3bKaM Vitak, uHoazerdnan Kylemypa ectb Ta 4actb obuielt Kyb- TYPbI “en0Be4eCcTBA, KoTOpoH yuamniica MOKET OB.1aleTh B mpouecce KOMMYHHKaTHBHOrO HHOAZbINHOrO o6pasoBaHnna B no3sHaBaTesbHoM (Ky1bTypoBea4yeckom), pasBHBatoulem (nCcH- XO.1OTH4ECKOM), BOCHHTATerbHOM (meqarorHseckom) H y4eb- HOM (cOllMaJIbHOM) acnekTax. TepmuH «HHOS3b/4HaA KyIbTYpa» HE ABIIACTCA CHHOHMMOM Tep- MHHa «HHOCTpaHHas kynbTypa» Hnocrpanuaa kyIbTypa— STO KyJIb- Typa CTpaHbl H3y4aeMOro A3bIKa, Te© TO, ITO BMECTE C AZBIKOM CO- cTaBiaeT OObEKT MO3HABATEMBHOLO ACTIeKTA MHOASEIYHOM Ky IBTYPbI Zpyrumy cnoBamy, HHOCTpaHHad KyJIbTYpa MIb KOMMNOHEHT BHOA- 3bI4HOH KyabTypbt Togo6Hoe (o606meHHO-cxemaTH4eckoe) npen- CTaBleHHe HHOASBINHOK KYNBTYPbI Kak COZepXaHHA HHOASHIGHOTO o0pa30BaHHs H CpescrBa ROcTHKeHHA ero HEN HeEAOCTaTONHO He- OOxORHMO FeneHHe Ha Oonee MemKHe KBaHTLI, KOTOpEIe H CTaHyT oObextamn opnanenna Ha Ka@Kn0M ypoKe, NOCTeNeHHO H CHC- TCMHO, War 3a WarOM NPOHCXOZHT OBNANeHHe HMEHHO TEMH KBaH- TaMH, KoTOple uemecoobpa3HE! C MCTOMMYeCKHX NOSsHUHH, C TOU- KH 3peHHA TEXHOMOTHH Oanoit 43 WatHbrx OTIMUNTENBHEIX YepT NpeAnaraemoi KOH- U€MUMH ABIAETCA TO, 4TO Heo6xoanmMo qeTKO onpezeAHTb o6beKTbI OBJaleHHA HE TOKO B yueGuom acnekTe, HO H B NO3HABATEIBHOM, Pa3BHBawlemM W BOCNHTATC.IBHOM, pacnpe- AeIHTb HX B CHCTeMe oGpa30Banua w cHaGaHtp cpenctTBamMH oBtanqenus (ynpaxHennamu) Ec 370 6yneT nponenaHo aBropa- MH yueGHEIx mocoGuii, TO OObeKTE OBNaNeHHA B paMKax yka3aH- HBIX actekTOB He GyyT OTZaHbI Ha OTKYN yuHTeMIO, He OcTaHYyTCH amu 6naramu ToxwkenaHHamn, a OyzyT ycpoeubl yieHukamu Takoe nporpamMupyemoe KBaHTOBaHHe ConepmaHua — ceppe3sHaa OCHOBa ero yCBOeCHHA. CojepakaHne o6yaeHHs MHOCTPAHHBIM s3bicam 25 Tlepeiigem x Gonee nonpo6Homy NpencTaBreHMio Bcex 4eTEI- péXx ACNeKTOB MHOASKIMHOH KyJIbTypBI. §1. Ho3snapatexpneiit acnekt («y.bTyposea4eckoe cosepaxa- Hue) HHON3BIUHOH KyrbTypE (HK) Paccmotpenne HK Haunaerca c HaHHOro aciekTa He cayyait~ HO H He MOTOMY, YTO NpOUecc NOSHAHKA MPOHH3bIBaeT Bech Npouecc oOpa30BaHua. B 3TOM CMBICHE BCe aCIleKTbl PaBHONPaBHBbI: MO3Ha~ HMe, PASBUTHE, BOCHMTAHHe MW YUeHHE B OZMHAKOBOM Mepe B3aHMO- MIpOHHKaeMbI, B3AXMO3ABHCHMbI, CHHTE3MPOBAHbI MW HHTErpHpytoTca B TO, ¥TO MBI H@3bIBaeM O6pa3z0BaHHeM. Tem He MeHee y NO3HaBa- TembHOrO acnekta monowkeHHe OcoGoce Kak GyfeT MOKa3aHO H OObAC- HeHO Qamee, c Hero BCe HaNMHaeTCa, OT Hero (TOUHEE, OT cakTOB KyJIbTypbl) MbI OTTaIKHBaemca B Mpegsaraemoli Hamu OOpa3z0BaTestb- HOH TexHomorun. Kynetypowemieckoe ConepxaHHe %«KH3HH TOTO HK HHOPO HapOda, Kak H3BECTHO, OYeHb OObeMHO Bpaa aH Haligetca YeNOBEK, KOTOPblii CTaHET yTBep>KaaTb, YTO OH BAMeeT BCEM KYJIb- TypHbim Garaxom cBoero pomHoro Hapoga B To xe BpeMaA 3TOT 4e- Nopek, GesycnoBHO, ABIIAeTCA HOCHTeMeM CBOeH KyMbTypbI, MOHH- mMaeT e€ H 4yBCTByeT ce yx, oGnanaet COOTBETCTBYW MAM MeHTanuTeToM, Kak MOCTHYb TAKOTO %€ MOHKHM@HHA B HHOASHIYHOM o6pasopaHHn? Heo6xoqHMo cossave MOAI KYJIBTYPbI TOPO AIIM HHOTO Ha- pola, MoenH, koTopas Morna 6b! B cpyHKUMOHabHOM Mae 3ame- Mlatb pealibHyio cHcTeMy kynbTyphi Ilo cBoemy oObemy oHa, koHe4- HO 2ke, MEHbUe OPHTHHasa, HO 0 KaHeCTBEHHOMy M CHCTEMHOMY HaGopy (akTOB KybTypbI OHA NO3BONMT COsMaTb HEKMH aHanor neii- CTBHTeMbHOCTH, CHOCOGHEIM ayTeHTHYHO MpeCTaBHTb BCIO KyJIBTypy ¥ BEINOMHUTb CBOO MaBHYIO PyHKUHIO ~ aTb YYeHHKY BO3MOXKHOCTS MIPOHHKHYTb B MCHTANbHOE NpocTpaHcTso Hapora, NpeoLomers Kysb- TYPHY1O H301HPOBAHHOCTD yualueroca, CTaTs nperpanoii Ha MyTH kce- HOOOUH H HALMOHATH3Ma, a CENOBATENbHO, CHVKHTE OCHOBOM B3AH- MOTIOHHMaHH 26 Copepaanne o6yuerwt HHOCTpAaHAbIM 33b0KaM ‘Yurreras nocTapnewHyto Ue HHOASbIMHOFO OOpasoBaHHA, MbICHH- TaeM, YTO MaBHOH 3alayei MONENH KyJIbTYpbI TODKHO ObiTb HE CTONEKO NOHUMAHHE Apyroii KYJIBTYPbI, CKOBKO AYXOBHOe COBepmeHCTBoOBA- HHe y4yaulnxca Ha 6a3e HOBO KyJIbTypbi B eé ANAasOre c poquoii. Osnagenne kymeTypoi ecTs nocTHKeHHe CHCTeMbI WeHHOC- Teii Hapoma, koTOpoe OcyuLeCTBNaeTCA Ha Tpex ypoBHAx: a) Ha yposHe BocnpuaTua (nosHaBaTenbHoe 3Ha4eHHe 3HaHHii), 6) Ha yposre couManbHom (npaemamuyeckoe 3HaveHUe 3HAHUII), B) Ha ypOBHe NHYHOCTHOTO CMbICNa (aKcuonozu4ecKoe, UNU YeH- HocmHoe, 3HaYeHUE 3HAHUII). 71a nepBoro ypoBHa JOcTaTOuHO MMeTb Mpedcrapnenne o thak- TAX KYJIbTYpbI, LIA BTOPOrO HYPKHO BANeTh NOHATHAMH H yMeTb CO- BepmaTb kakoe-1H60 elicTBHe, Ana TpeTberO yPOBHA HEOOXoaHMbI CYKACHHA, CBAZAHHbIE C AHSHOCTHBIM IMOMHOHA.ABHO-LeEHHOCT- HbIM OTHOWeHHEM K axTy tyxoit Ky.TbTYpbI, Kora PakT “ty- KOH KYALTypbI MepexHBaerca Kak *akT JH4HOH KH3HH. Visnumine nogyeprupats, 4To B paMkax npewiaraemoit konuen- UHH BeAYLIMM ABNAETCA TPeTHH YpOBeHb OBMACHHA KyIETypOH Y MogesmH HHOCTpaHHOH Kynbtypel Ube byHKunH’ GbITb penpe- 3eHTAHTOM, 3aMeECTHTENIeM KYNBTypb! Haposa H Obits peTpancasTo- Pom 370i kynbTypbl Monens kynbtypbi cnenyer ycBonTs o6s3aTembHO, no Ges 3TOH 6a3bi He chopmupyetca MexTanutet B npouecce nepsH4noit couma- IIM3auHW MCHTANHTET CKNaNbIBaeTCA CTHXHAHO H nox Bo3AeHCTBHEM o6pa3oBaHna, Korma nepBoe uacro naét Gonbine, 4em Bropoe [Tpx HHOA3bIYHOM OGpa3OBaHHH TeNaeTca craBka Ha Collep»KaHHe OOpaz0- Banna Bot novemy Tak BDKHO CO3MaHHe HCKOMOM MOZeNH KyJIbTypbI Uro BxOgMT B peanH3auMio MoeEnn? Cogepxkanue npeqaraemoit MonenH cocTaBaaioT npencTapse- HUA, TOHATHA HM Cy>kAeRHA (Kak BHI 3H2HHA), KOTOPLIE YepNaloTCcA H3 CNeAyIOULHX HCTOUHHKOB . 1. Peattonan Oeiicmeumenbuocm, npedcmaenenHax NpeOMEMHO Ha (POTOCHHMKaX, HAJROCTPALIMAX, WWlaKaTax, CXeMaXx, CilaiiRaX, B PHCYHKAX, CHM- BONMKE, JOKYMeHTAabHbIX JMacpHtbMax H KHHOHIIBMaX, Ha KOMMbIOTepe Comepmanne oOYYCHHR HHOCTPaHHBIN 13bIKaM 27 2. Peanenaa Ceticmeumenonocms, npedcmagnexnaa npedmem- HO-eep6aibHo: mporpame! TB w panvo, OwierbI (B TeaTp, KHHO, Ha N03 HM T..), ITAKETKH TOBApOB, aHKeTbI, OOBABNEHMA KT. 3. H306pasumenvxoe ucxyccmeo. 4. XyOoncecnéennas UME paMypa, Hrpalolian BAKHEHUTYIO Pob cpequ MCTOUHMKOB KyNbTypoBen4ecKo UHopmaumu. OcobeHHo Bax- HO HCTIONb30BaHHe Xy1OKECTBEHHOH JMTeparypbI 14 WUTIOCTpaliHH Tpa- Dunit, o6br4aes, 06pa3a *KH3HH Hapona CrpaHbl H3y4aeMoro ASbIKa. 5. Cnpasouno-anyuxnoneduyeckan u HayuHaa aumepamypa, xomMMeHmapuu K baxmam Ky:temypol (HanpuMep, TyTeBOAHTENH, Kap- TbI, Tula ropofa ui T.2.). 6. Cpedcmea maccosou unbopmayuu. 7, Yue6ueie paszogopHele mexcmbt, T.€, ayTeHTHIHbIe TEKCTEI~ BbICKa3BIBAHHA HOCHTeNelt A3bIKa O CBOeH KybType 8. O6wenue c ytumenem kak pempanclamopom u unmepnpe- mamopoM kyavmypst Opyzozo Hapoda, 410 aOCOHOTHO H€3aMeHHMO OA HyXOBHOPO (HPABCTBEHHOMO) COBEpIEHCTBOBAHHA yUaLHXCA Ha 6a3e apyroi kymbTypbi B eé€ MHaNOre c pogHOH. 9. Huocmpannoni azbik KaK NEOMbEMNEMbIUL KOMNOHEHM Kyilb- mypot, eé aKXymyilAmop, HOCUMend u Bbipasumens: 1) 3HaHMa 0 crpoe (cHcTeMe) a3bIKa, KOTOPbIe HCNOMb3y!OTCA B Npouecce oBsaeHHA KM (TOUHEe, peYeBbIMK yYMeHHAMH) B BHC. a) npapun-HHcTpyKuHit, 6) noacHennit; B) CTpyKTypHbIX H PyHKUMOHANbHBIX OOOOmeHnH; 1) cchopMymmposaHHbIx 3aKOHOMepHOCTei, 2) sHaHHa O dyHKUHaX A3bIKa (peYeBHIX yMeEHHAX) Kak cpez- cTBa o6weHua; 3) 3HaHMs 0 HOpMax peyeBLIx OTHOWeHHi (06 sTHKe), 4) sHaHus, Hagbrpaembie PoHoBbIMH (EM. Beperyarun, B.TKoc- momapoé), KOTOPbIMH pacnonaratoT BCe WIeHb! TaHHOH HauMOHaTbHO- KYJIBTYPHOH A3bIKOBO OOWHOCTH Hi KOTOPbIe MOTEHUMANbHO 3asOKEHEI B TONOHHMUKe, HMeHaX COOCTBEHHELX, NOCOBHUAX, apopH3Max, tppaseono- TYGMax, KPbUTATBIK CAIOBAX, JEBH3AX, OSyHTaX, O€39KBHBAEHTHOH seKCH- 28 Cogepmaune o6y4etits HROCTPaHHEIM #3bIKaM K€, Ha3BaHHAX NPCAMETOB Hi ABCHHH TPanHUKOHHOTO H HoBoro bITa (pea- JIMaX), TOHATHAX, OTPeKAIOLIMX ABNEHWA OOMECTBEHHOTO xapaxrepa HT I. 5) sHanua 0 HenepOathiteix cpemcrBax o6uleHua, 6) 3HaHMs O CTaTyce, MCTOPHH HM Ppa3BHTHH ABbIKa, ETO POMH B MHpe. B3aMMOOTHOLICHHH C PODHEIM 4 APYTHMH ABbIKaMH. Bee 37v 3HaHua AOMKHDI, BO-NepsbIX, ObITb HEOOXODMMbIMH TA CO3HATENBHOFO OBNATEHMA peyeBbIMH EMHHMUaMH (yHeOHEIA acneKT), BO-BTOPbIX, HCNOMb3OBATBCA B Ka¥eCTBE OMHOTO 13 MOMEHTOB pa3BH- THs (pasBUBalOMMii acnekT) M BOCTMTAaHHA (BOCHUTATeNHbIi aCTeKT) H, B-TPeTbHX, CNOCOOcTBOBAaTE pelleHHtO OOpasoBaTenbHbIx 3aqay ~ PacluMpsaTD AWHTBACTHYeCKHH Kpyrosop yuamuxca. MoxkHo yrBep>kTaTh, 4TO COMep»KaHHe MO3HABAaTeNbHOFO acnekTa B LeEOM ONpenenseTca 3a- a4aMH pasBMBalOlero, BOCNHTaTeNbHOFO 1 yueOHOFO aceKTOB B 3aKoueHHe OTMETHM OH NPHHUMMHaNbHO B@KHYIO NOSHUHIO Mb yke ropopusn O HempenHamepeHHOH OTYy>KTeHHOCTH KyIbTypbI OT A3bIka B TpaHQMOHHOM O6y4eHHH, BbiIpaKatoulelica Popmynoti «A3bIK + KyIbTypa». 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