Cr GUIDE FOR ASSESSING THE NETWORK HARMONIC IMPEDANCE [A ROBERT, T.DEFLANDRE, Working Group C02 * TABLE OF CONTENTS {.INTRODUCTION 443 Three phase computer pro- 2, cHOICE OF RePREsENraTWE | ™™* [NETWORK CONDITIONS 5. GUIDANCEFRACTICAL CHOICE (OF THE SUTABLE METHOD SL. MEASUREMENT METHODS Seer ‘1 General principles 2M poner syste 32 Accuracy of the measuring rite eels SSHV powersystems 133 Examples of measurement | REFERENCES methods used in practice APPENDIX 1. MODELING OF THE 34 Particular assessment: the | NETWIORK ELEMENTS. foal capactance ola dstibton | ponevoy > COMPARISON BE setwork TWEEN CALCULATION AND MEA- aLcuusnonuerioos | SUREMENT RESULTS 4 Maal eauiton (LV en | qppENDM 3. MANUAL CALCULA- (MV networks) ‘TION OF THE HARMONIC IMPE- 42 Single phase compster po | OANCE ATTHE PCCIN AN BY NET- ans work + wot up 82 (ORE 2b08 NED a Curr Comer US) A Dan (Gu betas fen tose A Pee fh Py (Sd) Seah (BALK Gomer Slang (5), lina ey Cane FR tena a Soran tr) meets (5 Pour (ORF Roa Ch 1 Soren 8) San TN Si (5) ri Il. zh | essons isto Hn he namanic ox ‘Sold atroanoe to conve equ. We cous (ane 2808) ced 2 | tnspear nds ar garry che lence in MV 1] ana in HV (2 power | ho amen len tors fea ‘ELECTRA No, 167 AUGUST 1996 7 rane onan Rah oe ene ‘are ta ta hoot oman and ase condos. The bce of th eport i o pro- wee, BY oF HV), to detring Imporanes (ems grt coi jo ha rato poliso) apie ted coro ens Seo requted or te cei fee Senta Tat pay no (eral fing tether for HVS Shoverew of se mossing signs ‘wr spec rat ites ass Shih tamonis pecans te ‘resi nv eves fps Arce ode” (to bo pushed nay 2 conedoed abe bape ode ab 2 console ‘tat vom foi oe | atone, pai fe ube spp netaPit Festa, as wowed fom Set ‘rose not ony tho pusle syeom rpedings et to the le Fp Formos sis, wil es eretir norma peratg canons, en shg a comer 629 ould oxced the plain tnt, 39 Fessondle emergorey corns (a. 31 GENERAL PRINCIPLES ‘Te bai pri 0 maho uso of (rssnarognie cures yes a the ott where th. (anhamode Impish 4 ” suming tat no Getehammoie vo {ge was prosaic pt a comer rion ag aes {and |, shoul be replaced by AU, and pox gant bl in oro sty al ad oral cen ae far rom ye Systm aerate! ore crete Ivana Ew have fo oy no practoaty & mss fe goons 44] fl (ls | ane ill | [el te power je ie sppose to be Smet to phase epee cer she vant i ve Zam Z| |2me Zu Za [zm Zim Za viare Zs th ef impose one ira ahaa one hd Poses at ne stra hamani or. auaon (1) becomes [46 ‘Tho classical way or suching 8 ao of anaymmetsal cures fo | [kl a 9 [=A Fs 1A" Pa Fu Sim a ‘ste generay, massing th bee sl olagy coe np omevr tba meaning of Zp 3 ‘hangs cord of wa en {ehamone cient nod mi (case A: symmetieseurnt action Jem 2 Za os len 2m Zu) [ane esuh* Zah® Za aw Zul Zant Zone® 22a ve =)veces Zone Zis~ Zo Cae € : unsymmatica thee pase Soren jean Zone ie Zoe? anos. Case D ghee. aronanie tsi ecu oe pane ot ‘caren eerste fom {etcetera Ectwean he out an ith asc ‘rere te magnus erence ar Inuniyenuoed by eeerancos inthe ‘esaling tom ro sorry ane ‘terse shaman Fegan ‘ho tnepociion dos nl necessary ‘re sequence impedance wih a single ‘tues ay ba unemmeteal or ven ifevevar phe wit gee a core ele mpedanos, proved tht pou ten and. topaivesequonss. Inge 432, ACCURACY OF THE MEASUR- For aach (marhamone onda, Ub Fer ror FE oe aig ‘este mpadance CEPT Math) (aly of cations a be pc ed by oping the eoriaton Sin conncton wie FFT Power Spectal Mos} (67.89.1019) ‘The wie of covelaon and spect! ay ita acon wor sae re corona wh ey Epncny te unr ge Deda tuo in power ett, Store vole and caret signs ‘Dhhe somarontcareanatee Feterenes 10, 11] propose he ue of Sir rn aly ‘wr, Toy alo Topo on harvare ‘tic hve ben Sevetenad formes 5 power system in tern 9f harman Inpecanc. A tne dean approach fae he eivanage Pat ro comple Pea eo be su | er 10) (oreo the Fower anaes lon ant er ut mie on ths Serteed on vage sample, 22 ane 1 eurer taro peers en Fj ys tho power tose Spectal tty Suny myn mag tae ana pe ego, A Four wane form permed on Rin Ws the owor auto apace! dort Sy & ‘any wth agro Te rlatonsip between Sih ara Sopp he psu inte Shi ° re Io case whee he magne a 8 Goratt low he sonrecy fe IMETWODS UseD IV PRACTICE, ure 1) eof ramon eu som xteg ean 2) ra ans dag 3) eect jection of (itedharmonc 3.31 Harmonie currants trom ens ting pontine netaiatine (ow ine soniovnive meiods) 33:1 Nondinea toads 26 unique fystem Exaples of tsa pec ate ven n iy lor sieplse fector, nF Stor a oer Lvenertype of ASD (unas (Sve) and in 9. 4 fo 3 volage ‘Stusbiavoter yp of ASD [2Gi fa ure’ rage nc et ‘hoe ga tenson eRe 4 hinge ‘are 12, Legation) aut tr sepa pour CotanTmgdeareeharmongee at au 2, Type ert pcr ae eo I- itch type os ie dn rentsarcetvere pe oF ABD. wa Seca tae ne om Sumecper recoment Is onc Ge tance ‘ese. Fijeston armerique ost aie des sources da paces sro sea point de troons herronaees it des eqoonoas go en Sau tae cte aerntts do Tray. Sho do spowte na sot sgniiste ‘spare eguncen od «one fon de caren = et Svs). Ah tsrFagatn (1) apn at fare oe qe pera Pa ‘omens at cyloronverissours ou ies fete 2 ato pause nomalonert ct nar aps | Sate raapechemnt ‘varagee *Injeton 6 forse amputee Incoovinint La présence do fois care porurbace x econ btesren ae eats ener peut Ee Side, ow 3.31.2); "Gane de biguenes nie monique pdesctanteg amano, par exeleu eco ‘ur on pau mer Frew ae Kemontaces provinant on fr re ‘at on samp a gue 7 3 tnt co rosacea ‘sib eure. chrge), a fomon au tomes ent See & Ui suena hae fie fan icon Saucer suas Lao che ttc Fees vere to care ets tonsion Famonaue devin Jy 0 thy Uy Zi) 8 om tones, On bata ee "tosses ramrenge ‘ees rato 2=Wy-Unh 102 Farrriqvs, srt form or era Aeabian Stee Indra eu au dune Sage dare a hago inca tC Sra: Droz Ss arta ecorss femeniuse. Ls mathe egies pe Se aia te tgs Par example, we baited conden. partners ben ape eat Ssege ate car con impédacs ‘eat lrcque le taquerce mupmerie {Gane fgo 7 aaron de cara Ictane de connie): ene Siem (3) convent tn moyen {clo de manieer mpc namo. si "era ae drariages ‘ag charges nominates st ‘Sand ot ur cormuaton eo one parson souranie ralitau ia re ncaa ciples fo éoharape dot eee Seat erre cee signe a core omtnsare et carer es relate ne sot sea i aan tgs ob ee sue[ah ose Satie a Bt ‘Sang ie ern operation. 103be | SSE SSS a | te cee nate) en ar |e Sree | re me wna Sekine ne | ie cas ces | Pas bt Semen tuo | Sette te | tem aed Seas ls ad | Sn aac a | mw i car do See ee re | mores mecha csr | En. général, tes résuitts ne sont pas | e7¥¥OR iota aa arate eect | Meats Sn oes ce | heen = wae | SS, Pace, a te a ea ace | our es signaue ‘de. 1 ies ttre ——— | teow cate oe oe —— | |e tren a erp: sesame | Se Set aren ; lA. | ent Ehrm MAC iin SRT RS ape Sigua mesinsttue une opératon cies. { ‘S863, lequel eat tron “S| | Sum sinotaar oénraloret ps | oeccs”hamonies Se J | . | Sic sn | Ele nem |ceweremnne |" serpudemcomane, | Bars homme te condresnycreicse ye & | Sump nie cen er et |e | ues eweuearall evn | tyro | 3228 eetnotonnt de ana | eee fs toot aes | Ste ea re | Sia {aur se trove dene un grat Ta | Zyl, est obtenve par la tanaiones | Sceartncenctnatycs | ote mina geen oe | Sezemmseen sivcceauese Saree as Ady Oo Fou 8 Canctr tan sey Toll, MMO (wdow tne eee | fe eramole sprxinge par Ie SLRCTRAN 6 Aor 96rice he prosence of 2 capacor lengua fr whch souees ao £332 Switehing waniens oe natural Yarlatone” online noninvasive ‘atmos 482.1 witching of apactor banks ‘Swichhg 2 capactor bank sepa sat eich ann. Spec, Racing he vate SSeesamort of he syst harmon Impede, a sean fom he oo ‘rpc ol he capacar bn by use ‘euaion 167. 14 se ua dy cing ‘my tted ua) a1 RY nt ‘hore ane ho saeco rato: 32h Tes eit won otra (et eat hon re-oatng hamaric ‘elec ae sina). tis however Deseo to take acount of the pre ‘coingtameice by appa tho fama prnsle as aresay oan $3.12 or steady stat al (16) evaniagee: re tequenioe Desavaniags: very shor daton of te sion. sie presence of @ capector ana dcpanden to owiching moment asso. tune ‘Censor tom Muna 6" at az as oc as as G7 Os Ki? i 3322 5wtching of ranstormors fon be sing momen Ta tyra ng apes component 8 ich (Grr of megade hy cng me tne mpedance mesaurement (17. 16 “a, Po aves ‘rnaormer8). ‘The. caret waeapee must be ately anayas he cored tan fo catratad arts) te rests conot be ikon ‘oman volages ance te man ecchng le i ontig Soret specun Ss anton 'aec awning on ot & wih eparede com se ey [atl attone of crt ta ‘Maen re cot a ialstmone ede indehene ui me peice 3 | The ouput vgs Use are input Few. ety arn Bing votage Ey and Be pt ln! 1 oe exp a UO ay gre 1, Cou gaat sy so ‘Scotian Sao oo | are 0 case cto tose or See eee ae oe 105mre pide ne eure ul )- leat) “aE to) foe “HE Mo |e Pour agar a ono trond "on equa (6 a sue sar plant feo) pr Uy 9) Pour clei ee dena spaces he, resp. Gh, (nacre 8 [Stn ho ple rt ‘ane rdguason (3). a noes ue Zuibect pe piace boss Seon ete tee ls Som unde Era, tate invra ob % (9 doore Z() da amare eno sie peut Ske sophuhe anda prion ete etttins pessoas, ‘fut inter le outs 333 Injection dracto de courante armoniues (nathodas vives) 43341 Ulan spite de mati ‘ele comme dos ginsours de ‘Courant tna hamonlave ree tes nt ents ein do fer ice. Ons me ele arenser o win de oe. ed enmase certs, Soman bs on hamoniure pa 1, Or ete oe counts harman dove trea 0 RY par Pe ‘tare run ransom corn MUBT-Ons extant au polt3321 | v1 ou nécosate go ok lepencip de mau det mosses | gy vanstornsou aves un areal tan do condenesewre.Onpaut utes | torpor, par enone wn Sect Sarr cares fae | es on itp went de oes | agar ew sn oS pk 2. Sloaage srt comenon de ube Se Transtomateur sat. Une souce | tue bs toworatous extent t humerus pra post en | oni tentorter se, puszarce sat | sn cornet et oo bat icon co cont cra drs | mon skis, et "gun ES cenanon co nawe 6) | comexon sat sie Sas fe roi efter tne | earch comoge fe ee eae $ Sours nancies ot pr | inne do ur Be a erent, faematurioardeet ko” S | tur dos cours hari ane feb lt eet pu ino | Phos genet por ez courant temorquas oe sunt | MONG: ean or ere noes | 2222 ten de ten vantages erie ot epimers cones tout des covers harmo: | Sour a esta de mobsaneae har Iigues et pete jungle pus do | morgue [2 97,2526 25) Ones Senor ‘loge es ache au dee wane Fay 1 Grape thames cares prey tr arate by 0 (LS 106 SLB TRA 167 ACT 1986IG cco2 ateod by i. The tme opening rtomanpedance Ze gone’ 5) Jatnler?= Std al Becton ncn dhe Peat ‘. + Sul = specie oe conn Seat an put aeons i oss oo anle)=y faite ca) 2 ©. approximated by he sum of fie fate tinntoraporesel th =a rat E oa) fossa Ef} fours For he pune ot me ceca. fn tuncen, Equation (oh) ured ih te fect ora canged io onan Tat th spor ce sty intone Gy Pep. fn: si Eguaon 8), to tee Fou. fer tartomaton i apres foie ‘Simin Equnon (3). pte eat ES Aort te tnaecy see boron the out changes oe dap A an 2) tamed tote be donc ove 2. ‘banages: “oan apted anywho Dadvarage: curl at ps oko ‘odo when arrange es ELECTRA 69 AUGUST 196 4333 owoetieston of harmonic Euront ons vasa mats) 13.3.1 Spectaluee of equipment 96 intriormanl cron gorrstore vores einem © LY copactor ang WILY tansor- SEE Mage pase Uy cge teed” ae eteghameniceurert Sue Paron paca Saturateg_tanstormat. & forse Sener etd yen 9 ‘amecton {1} For cramp, 11 teoby asoctaoet We tantra ‘ovdaas Wa ested bare ‘00 rent of 0 “These tamoniocurets a eierty ‘etsy i oe oye. “Al armani cures 18 0 ‘sly rong cores can be poaiced tng Tong ato (on Bm pans nendes Le. © fe un. dea, wh poner 6 sure 2 Soaking sete cpectrs nthe eu bu comosion oe nebo sat Sinead cares a songy 107 en is symm; case of grou resutingNemeais rs 36 teen epecy door fr ho ns. Sor he een | essay copes in WM oe even eH rtwais. Too hw pe sch goremrs re eon (Sayan ork syste Sa sHeaty ee whale spect (0.28 te) canto mausied Heme Ne rere sae sled by ‘ry ow sige cen bs cucen Fay power sgn! gener toe ae pao spol fF hor vetoes eels *Suimble conecing tana (Cento MVR terete my Bo ‘Seainsome css eid es, sone Je" TOTAL. CAPACITANCE OF & DistRIBUTON NETWORK. (Ges Stesan a 2 vey impor Ira tl cpacance renin iiomaton some eat to Capris surceanos of ha maton ‘Stoner regency (27 Mensing ih fntamai soape HRN tanto ts Fo, 415; ote domsteam cae Site ype ew. S80'b sty te coetaton Dewees the conducts gy and te mosesi ti eins 9 95) Steady otaesiv acrosome formed, coated im meanie: trate dug 4 cooecuve day 8 Gren egH estan, Such mestuarens cas cut in bea Pe ‘capecive susceplance ofthe network. Fi 'ecaroe, Wve tase & Pe Gye O80 2 ond = 080. Te Si ewer caesar crus does 8g8 1072 ar ‘when camming ct sich an acres ‘mere roman snoaa be a thet ‘tneamerareaeive power ‘ould be reacts te tho Sbove fetid ens teapot’ bar are Enc of ding toad pros, ich posed shou be aero (oes Si tom be ooten pod. 43, MANUAL CALCULATION (LW ‘vo Mtv NETWORKS), 4.11 Te “worst caso impedance ‘eurvee"approech aac on comprehensive ste ease ‘omen (oe Aopen 2), worst ase | lnpasanca saver have bee defined she Oe a tre eg ‘ine cir ie doves rom th ak \Seet erd' taten as vane decty ‘nin ba naman antenna ag Te ettonahp a formula (a fsa is thom in hi 1 or Noe the faut love nd is ‘akon 96 ring ‘tome aus stS0 zon ane ety {hat would be devs dct fem te Ioedacae for ezlaon of ham tren wage component he {Strat fa) Tbe Spe WY pe et resonance condone are not Ikety 86 ‘oni wens op 11h ar emg, © orate ary roma btn en Sassi he MY te fo tah tortor of wen he eatance X, thenghvatone spe Nye Sone tops pone te i ‘Sei requeray “eng Sepa nt esoance io he ih ‘ote by rca ne Sao eum ange, evecare aban 28 “Re tb pie Te Fue 18. Carte sigoktape apis dareae A 11 WY. ogsh N= 8% = 2h, SL Sree Fue 11 wotace patece cine Upto 2a tov BZ 10942, SINGLE PHASE COMPUTER | repsentton fr lage spss pat (00) Wo ore te tnd aque stop. and Q ie the flat mactve fewer pened by copectosa ‘iin ine syste ‘etosciance ts higher than wha ssa ‘Sita same lori part te ron fg vl of 2, cn be noid a L ‘earl wi Chere ad aro Ses ie method wl ve a 19 Fipr va othe rotting tpeduren, ‘hat the vals of Z called with ny Cand 6, gat eve ton oncoad S10 tes, the iw rive is vad for how onde nt ‘roe wn era wld: Nor ‘ly th resonance sreiton does Fat enceed 5 tne in publi network, or clined ‘man cloton are pena un pi tthe VOEW foraging Gaucher Eltcteneto) 2) = hen in openaie3. ELECTRA 7 AUGUST ie tee parang me tive seqonee Systm masel The catalan of he name oat Seen tar sins Behavior athe namone teauencie Sovtleanoue progam have been evslopsd fr he pupose a toca he equaney copendent | feotser& guen byte Testing ‘etage at te soso) a pretence and ot age hamons propapadonoipnsig | tem gon rains ase nt roresartn nthe fx na oe F0) oe gue 16 Eunos go ne tinatsrce Senna Sohoqtnae ro MW tte na Sait The Sn empecae nec gue, tutor fines ventana vats ea. Storey be mansoneg 31) ‘Seynncehamones impart nge prose copactor banks (oot sn och Aree, “Srgo phase or ubdanced Sivonen tgh votnae) neo ee HDC insane Te (ey ae nn 100m. Aerie hhamove roquoniee (osonan he. Suanaas athe ne), howe, a ference th magtuaes ct hs noo dirs an phase ie hors Bt 52) Fr feng Ines, the Iraepasiton ofecnaly roses he Son ine A sing phase rpreserta ton capnet motel tis atec Tho Ineesesd unten of mul ings ‘Sanne at hgh resonant requanes 2 mutple sarod noua asim and cerca goin espe So foe unalnce (UV, 3) pd lage many eg ateatccoz Iwotdanoee muelos 8 dost Clonces se revoranes lu vor toe on plus pots et par cons [Bi Limpacancs dee veloe de ato fa sl ou dgsarert un lta ee 16 ten doseqatr e ion son (igs) anya de terion ei" vette 6 ets taneposos ave macton do couse oerenques dlrs, pour cas 02 Fimpaaance 2 racers & aces | depts est a8 fingers ‘arctan ane 2,2), ‘ane a une gn wanspasts, ‘estore V7, Sapna 30% (34 are 6 8 modteaton fun reese "Wr, I pout Se nacenare do ft fomgto un ds grand robe ‘nfs pou demo un tome pa {Ge inporant de hequenons de 080 ‘toe dite (9) In cou on rims do a gue 48 mare inp Since namenigue dun reas der eneton 00H) 00 cole 22 frags ot dots; cn int Ie igs #00 Ko pl osteo es a ar 1S cou conte monty in mas ‘tonic rape Soden inant tants de dau 400K, 2201 et TD KY, psa aemaurs Spar go" MA outs on sia fine ns ditenes ar ete deft Eaton de moles Zlerents snp fee pours vesnau 8 22 noid + vee tga tips, on ne pe gendalomert pa mods’ {Gate G0 isons Secraue eant ‘ont qin Ie ome domnos & Neca aul ot uno grande inven hu Trmpsdance, La mole spo. Gu cote hit Tanne Biase a roscoe pou les ‘sae iphasdes St “Dla, en at ot {feted totes Son tee on beads sa Beam 235 fond wdc 1) 8 wt agp (Vf) Yom eset entropies oa! aon —_—————— entice su rosy & une grande oe | avoir ane tango proce 0% tres ao som dn Caper, | ee gin eran we om poare sur ans | stg ote rscnce are rs eee ‘hos une fable imposonce we @ 20 do Fete onde tani: ax | pin aejcton de a ane de, a Irdquencesnameniques. a one psut | poco 9a atete foreman Fs: 2 xEcrAn 16 AODT 6rete the Ine ore can ota ree 0 eh ‘ {Seats ne pombe goat rar of Isatin (3) he dota te ig stows the hemor impacance at's Eero para (0 Wi ats hase inchade the nearest 400 KV tines tsrinses by eevee cee pas beens an ae gerne ‘hence ine shows te same Bnd 10 WY patos ps te gona {ore doen io net MUR ze (ee forte 2 tvs newer. tason igor te usualy nt rat {2 eel comput tn. oman. Bis then sabato mess {0 sige. phase epreserison to Srarine te arm oft aye that mur be model forte Pa sesh One woul uesaly essune it seas safe tigre eal a prt tam a lage detance fm 0 mn ser mateo aio san the toad may be near 1 or 4 wave ree athe coping tancnieson tn, tor goay acing Be ain srgciare, ee at Sn ine canbe a maj” conibaor ELECTRA No.7 AUGUST me gi shat pram ht mods inca te sr ae esa Syed ym aa oe {he are rot comping bu rane one. They mak pea ene the neor ms alowing fr ur own eta” Caoitors rms ‘be chosen depends on several ace, any the fred pone yom, te oqo, pa olson ‘Set boone nenamonl cut Inv nto, te east meted is tho wens. easeinpaairce cave” pouch (6 411). R may Be roca friezon tints [1] ae tay to bo ‘Sceosod aoe “ened acseoment ‘Soul be prom ‘Amatvey, the IEC _sppreach 212) ne WoeW om a3) Fett whan showing ta te Stage 2 Srisuon tw lag 13. pecs 42) a be voy. Used See potas arfgraton. to post re hemo ‘he vlage level tesed on proven exert ye Sor Howowr, he cuy wih compute: ‘notes be poset dese er ‘ir ed, owing fr to ri gta ae making te compute ig'32, sntcnng of tarslomers (6 3322) space! tes of equpmen f (rlelentoiecurend gona (§ 3381) o dees ae of rterhomo ecorent genera (8332) NB. n some spsal casos toephone ert oF homens cour} tee pase cpr pope (43) may bo proteratia wn ee phase cre 52.Hv POWER sysreNs recent 12 ofthe wea ‘aoe impocarencunae” (941.3) ore Single phase, computer programs (64.9 pov te moet Hogar pyran requng te mseing of an Sranded part of he netaore, open the uy pat (he inks been Suceava nodes bag Ines cables 1B wel a fanemer erst (renges ‘nsteed of single values are ‘nates use, Th eapsoarce of ‘hoes beyond the anes shold elevate areas. SeOngy Iothedpowet ptr, Sof he Festi otwok Ie goeray ot the ‘dor ofa neresnotea ‘model scat tas athe pstre i's rocormendnd "Saree tor sn should be modaed wey ass se nodes es he exc ‘wee phase compular_pogans (643) are t bo eeennended (wauenes ‘of 207 scueren name: res ‘singe phase oe antaonces spi Sece pees we tn ming soe my, Se feebow in AC hgheotaoe meen Ne, Alo) agian, cara owes ‘Secotntaao-nns uo) 14 Spy tem pac nme Waoesticeaon 9 = (Ponti ty meas gouthe et se ae es alpepdoia Secon ite cartes ame versa epee mare od ties ene meee ‘sip, ais wn gree eee ie cen 28 MeN ree rome (Kai Sd frequen ego say he mec [eimted. Smal vakne ofthe iow Soe wah cre: presi Namo se vag ste sre equa Leen uBme | ECO NO EE, eee get Bees Ie keke 1 anfeion ant nal of xd Settee ge aaa Geico ee, arse (Fagor ema wctiuee fr (ds Sm Wo cone (2 Congnsentansgese asc ormene bpm RESEND einen io paced at roma les of 5. aay ee p88 [Toe sin an mace ‘error tnperaan Ss Co tu te gate hme BRL Es Parse Ls Masser of aos Parone ance ca nebo ar ot Sone or tae The. prvsion ot suttseny |" loeiene Rl shay Sauer rete and erave sysom dle | Sacty™ Conmaaah ering ‘SEonos as proama, sree ne soos | fag te, Teor Wo cote Forte. most actuate ee, A reage oh van of te cect tnd ths may not sways be realy a sma tertaarnnne 7 rar cacne tn eate ‘eee po 08) cn, seo er td Nee aan, San adtov els AD open by sq | moma im, ene rete S Seen CU 086 4.81) [15 Aranda ton a Be mas 15h Pap 202) 5 Lect 67 AUCUST 6 vant ng een SP eet tl i ee Zara noe is (4 eagommannan Ne See Si ie 2 ae Benth weer wee, Seams saree res Somers Sarasa ce 0 ea a St feraestocwcratees She rar Se i Eunos Sep eens es Soiree oe Sree ey ie 5q] oto (28 Gace tr oe Beg von a ee Fer Ges mcormares roses, | (5) he masaenat oe monanes SSS Fee peer to ee | ree rere ene! | Mel emu, core, movies SSS (EEE Aer e ecu Gm ase. osc angen” os 2 ei oe tare oe | (8 IHOEAC yp cn fe Spe in ce Ee ee Ree ee | Eom a (2 ee sarge rec ar | BT eee erg eer ron | 48 Matar a oat of iar Beoame (PF Aint, WG | [8] Power sytem mpocarce messue | ieee ion fakes tnd ae eae oy ras pra aeaeen, | dyno Aa eh 0 Vakinon dine matade omsuas | fn Gace on Sec | (4) Ramm cr, Carecton de seine Marga q's | no Ege ofoee Sm st | " autaes ache erences ‘tdci, 032 (Ceca, "FEie Bora, Cony sng phase madng fe cons: | rama! vtigee for he network and | (s9 “Theat of eystm numorcs deer roatin on ree | rtwemcmren | eon maar oy Wena ther IGRE puttin Cn ‘sever simple reiagane in | nee h Powe Stems, UNIST, Wan ‘Shree ae popona olan be rsa | chest, Eagan 1.2 Sepiomber eos amen macosnv tay | Gay che bart te yp | 83, ne. ton ¢Harmones, characte par. | ting acount of os ect hee ‘totem manne ty enim of | beeniessse rater iovert Seng. vais tte retmreby | "ioe “the od modes ave tot WG 9608, Etecra N77, sly 188%, | but an esonat one Hope’ for | Deter jnowadbe nate fe 2558) Forsone then tore | ocr ing aca tes a | [x lite i opener v ponrtoss ta ide mode! Gon vauee af deste or annette ge els | 1. GENERATOR fhe subraralent shoe ‘Sree mbt watt gacanee tore | Ay armocic tequenies, the Scone latiemepopsss | fly made ‘esotaoe ‘te ionameral re | J Subvancint reactance aang ony vate of oaingbabed cn tho | 3 q Pf ‘Rorersiew tna. coreant of the | 3 imacne. Furhermore, weld be pearl eon sta ot rout ten rte ake Secon | omega «sre ne pou res os Reta Se | ne tenn tery ate oe | semana Ae antec Tg tl Be renstowmer : the 198) model “square root of the harmonic number in as been hope ecunes iy sees amon Serio apy ok sont of he ‘wih an assembly consisting of an wee Slits ints Lin asin fee tates ‘rent cons Mo. No comes ma 4 Some. pan of fhe two ach 9 tay fires but trae. hes.» paren it ELECTRA No. 167 AUGUST 156 iWtte tate oF Sinton 2" ros ‘hoa rae ot tlree Ay setos | nominal Tokigas ote network sana san Sa oe Resstaneas sar Fo ae consent CShmever he feaueney are esate: (Thar vues to ponte oy 2). wih (beter Howe I no va Se) [& way [| any ne Reems reint tan y+ ep [0858 +0796: 10S, Boat: ns") Urrafan? ‘Seri ator ese ao # sepa ho vase ‘hoc ant € onl ek Fumormor, # is gosta 10 tate | fat dociod tm X= O4 Sk fr reo of he fet risa vt Se eon rst 5, ste ead power fhe ts Ujena voltage of he wars formar ats HV i ere tage oe jana toe moins wage of 4, 5 0. am fora eal is data ilo dct aa. The wae ot {Sipe ve ene om "AC atest aa eased dt Nesnran 12, o 700708), onpessee Pa pa58 Tew Cam 1208845 \/ AT = Ph are y= Rg (0.095 # +0908), fl eae | P nenaioat-09) LECT Ns 67 AUCUST 86 9 ‘The aor i val fr bated cats Revoir the sco Meats arte cing caret ie cst oon fe) of T° sngo cae cate or aly Scone tree (pe esbee ous esc 7 ye hy PX KiB Oa ‘ne acorp is to by se) we FH the rsa of Sequence inosaivee of he soa eee cae ad Kyat bar boay: 280° In te cass of singe cons cables at» Iota aragemar or Hpe eae, ’ a, NB. Fortigh amon eos pods (ote aqua on, conseaveiy Xyetw aot’ acc ae saa a ou (Siesta a coat AE Npecoted by 2 cpactve reactance Neeauoa byi. ee Fan slarant he damping conao: onalona patalary nt ghr te feaited ia loveng of fo Inge Se an nse a igh eqn {Se Computr shalaore hve nd Im hamone tow Corsaery an equate epecaiaton fe ata Noreover the on lad sonest of Nioaoatt coups aaa based fe teoretea aah tarp to cies a move! Wort masses fave been made, beled tt {els valonton of sugpedted mode fentsonce nthe rests Ath Frasca! exerence iss ieulent (P guterce be est meses ‘normaton vets. The commen pte in han ind erent he ype {io alto and eastvé bower tow {ea nore he pnts erwrecorstcs the ad. A complain he pepe fence ner Avcusr e (Gevran cs rat ors ry part te’ iit ad os ae ‘one sue. The mga fhe oad Melb For noma ren oud, es roe 4) CIGAS : Over » toquney rng! arepering to hamonie bone the at and 200 sppronnatoy, te ttre Senses a estas Keaorsn * inn active power of the na fundamen rege) 121 cxnstins, dour see ns” “vege ang = 7, Te powars are hoes ooctaly owed by te rear sc, groin tee ome pny ay {isos must be coprtty modad Gt tal capsctances present at he su ‘ot vtagoteeh “Tos medal was citined emicaty 2) A sou, Mtr: X= UE Se omerponeing tothe ‘Steger dton 1 = X,13 (om espondeg 65 bo 32) VR A, (skin eet being conse | ran nese way fr gare) vege and diverse {oreumbien genoa for are: ‘ne stusea Utes shoud be ene ‘aged to dovlp cata bale of tar ‘ooymohi seca repens wi 32 ‘postion of hand and poe a onared ito passive eames ( Imodele are under consent [Bees suns TY sets ane SU)Gi ANNEXE? COMPARAISON ENTRE LES RESULTATS DE CALCUL BT DE MESURE 223. EXEMPLES OE RESEAUK itis’ Stone om recon atau 3 Spin en emonoe one ie Tio, On a ofecud er meses 8 Fide “tune locomatve “Seove fates (33.7) 8 irons moor Gs is porn. On a al don cele pur coor condtore de russes die: Fees teeter hare 4a fa. anu cpron On aréates aes mesues 20 sor ‘Srscau 35 RY ea 42, ca (@iniur des reser eae Irgrorp) Les aomares nan su | fre roprerotot doe luc do ‘res dea vanlomaurs do dato fen Wk ¥ gt canes inovevies cote gauche ois S129, li a Fs cod Ionpaeddo 200 (10 We ean ‘mato ere deux pass fn tara Geet anaes eee oe we Sous do comnts etaramonuse | hee ss Sees cn fr etary Pegeeperraticmiaed tac etn te ge | wont ohne pe Se nono atoeeac fe: | So Seoube ating Met nee wig a 17 Wis" By | Sigel une ace Bias way mone i | @ 21a pow ne uc eT hs Brazos, 20(0) repeésate ta valeur | un sits pique. sas peu sips nome, nap monde de ci xpos A Bi te conte eee Imesures itdance dene pore foster eo cerbuion BY a tat 26) : art opens mamaria oes 104 Cais mens ge 22. Hemi mcs at 140 AV bis Fl Is mises: es aerial owe 42.9, Ros ton 122 ELECTRA N* 167 AOGT 1996Cdvaadeecar pe HOKV ve (9 Son coneme @ 3°) a sor moines ter measuremors [20] wore mae fine 32 kV notwore oF. 2S, ‘nada up of ovameasinee areas nae tated ines rece) Nat Incedrad numbers vopresont eagihe {ines in nate ted uncarines noe Soreeemein AVA, Loss are (este of a), Te ero ‘ane prac LY pastor of 200 nF (00a slenod beeen Wo Foss ot 400 WA 260.4 BY tare. fren souco (§ 83:1) Fg. ADA {hows the recut of harman po: ‘ines soressmen ot ptt D 56h at {wo dornttmos ho cay (60 tra mesh ane, a and 2m) tothe moet valves ono toe pace: 246) he value eae ‘fava nya phave compar opm eee ase ees ma ae eee rete rt oot so oe ce es ee at Bet pet rae Swe nc N 1o7 AUCUST 1988 COMPARISON BETWEEN CALCUI tes ctverae sles or one Ot the ample ata Hequony oso ait wh pe ons Se ine, ans tony trcnne more unbasrens, prea ‘howe 800 Fs ower, ual on oer masse fav wesc | Fag Aen oss 13 re we | Sy, ac, 2 = toe Weroy be wander ny 27 | Sau oc tin #22 fhe patel fat 50" | pee na tase ances tare SOO HeLa gaecay a | man’ et eet of be neon Fr resueny ante TH Irland The namonio enpeonce ot | ns fn 1 4V tor Fg 28) as ean | AC non | Fe 2 pacer cares 123uniques trance, cos it tess i famouse’ evenes Serasorance ne prseenton ore Se Cat tame an Sores 11 od Fon moar finns fen ype Remar 20s tran a ng Saute rt sacs me on Blu aecantoroes, sancut pour Set ‘alerscupateure & 600 He: Toate fst ca suri dos {ol phe conv npn (nds moins e mesures ses nie wet ana let svomples dons fe tguies 227 et ABB poten oe 2500 He sot genre he ‘uence pls aves qe pour 1H Irando, On a metus Pnpédans ar ‘manque un seas TY BV (ip. 829) cordate A et Fenton ooreatatie) On a dpalenent cao Finpédece tanriqge eves oes les Sages ‘orate & ate dune conoia fn indotnces i nsetaces on paral. On a corr toi ce ‘ons fastoo eo pune peut los charges art dood que fe valeurs facts sont pos point woke) 422, SAULATON wuMERQUE/ anaLociove’ “oun RESEAG AVANT DES. CARACTERISTIOUES Contes sire So ie munave de comeseance ds ace, ‘Sages coven tana st mesa tun cons pera de recetstquer conus gic et ‘ut ttomative To Qat Te pe. owe A2s cacti otto moni nce be 1 owe A. neearatonny har Wb Troe oes 7, canes nese pun am 91s Faye 427. gener nrc a 281 bono ten ars 8 Sane a ay SS gs MORGATEDF inert | eco sen an 8 Se Spman ect on emp ens | Saeco enognten ber mamta So tances Bn ue src pure | enctechonet de candies ‘spectre en) it vomees tay Settee ‘rma ein re MT rota ‘Sod “SES cote epost pau | Gente career Got aes ‘une iemp6dance harmonique MT; | COMdenseleurs, a oe aptn wee Sor earful a ae ‘condense on BT monoghaste | “ue savartos s,m ee tet ne SEES SIS | Bt aeteon + Wanstooatour [ea rR 03 fm 124 LScTRAN? 6 AO0T tsCre \Z a ansaid ase ee Tn Gotta Sete ete or moar 2 1 | ne wt etn PRNSEAIES Seam saeae Sm ee omen | Bh ec Bete note Pe es eR Pore tego i | ste 87 vee of 9 compute wot | B= Gu A 8, Sich 05, he MONGATEDF roam. renames ‘7a pal foaming convertor (oe ‘sy condo tetas pets) This approach has been used {530° | ching Fig A211 gh tha desaption Gta Sear reas ter qT 6 TD | SET ata ort | Te eae ct nest te at nc dan ass dem ave | henge owing oes Toecsea.setvaswncsnsemae, | age wensomer, so rites |” [TT oy chm me | {2 OY sum ene whi Pe | ioe secre at [meen mentee load connected tate and aking se of equation (2) (ove 913309) ‘The hamenc impacunce was 30 ‘lela’ th a oud topes ene Sy pal combat oan | renee load power factors wore considered as worn te san, RNOWN CHARACTERISTICS cimnoons rd Sd eal rests ae. gnarl ‘run boone 8 ful knowadge oF Naiing messvments io 8 nett Te ‘ELECTRA No, 167 AUGUST 1996 125,Ge CIE, 19 0b, = chm S287 Oy AU ELE hatenbin fe de consenennue 3 Mt {63 dling seu eae" avec boone ot ondonsisure 6 ea (2) hs Mice (ig A213) een acne We a2 ran semutandmen au Tas elo 98m peut anc ular do 000 ‘ane Je Condens ayraigues our mesire epics harms Eon ceeensymatie Sion tance do prc. sen dete sa ee cs ‘ule! neers = 10%. ‘Socsauen a eonorares eee on somata aan de assole is slimes ay sehen ‘sas & Taide con enpanoce oo feu eherstalomar enpsanee % aur chaque rong On peat on pi ee copier oats mato por un ert cr Se ‘reat ea esormands Gui omoteué et ete one posts ‘eraser parle. ‘ane section ASA, on ise Ge donminecaatitaues ‘onan ‘On terme. de ts bats emortssonant ese ne On bln or meters re [BTrmonophacs. Sur te dau roe eet hig Aon pcs tov sondeesiaur monoghaad BT as |n egusnce par appar 8 rerio ‘smrance pail eeeou, On pest calederTinpédarce 2, pat (ie ios requenane 8 Tae! ane euler Sparro yy, DN ees af Ua wh Goer Commentakes. Let siete sont Sotaiarts eq 60 en com feoaraerintareriquce de fonean 43.4, PUSSANCE REACTIVE CAPA- cette Thahcon dee ro: Mates ace athe Aa caps road inte Se) nea EAL A. Chip aca again ds aes i) i ad of ale (a) a ee ce us N eapplque au dope doc | 126 sLecTmAse 1c A001 6ot TENS mim. toch ot Fyne Oy TAYE yy Oty: neato boon germs fre sung ono fhe’ li capacor san (3 mo ‘het! te 6 har capct be {C2 ing ‘a. ADS) end on ig 219. Comments een mac wi sat ak Sep natueaiy eee Unehange." Uncrate capatar ‘ers can or be ied for meses ‘maximum enor ef he recta nes [Stet good upto 600 He gr 214 renomra ‘Socks by hghpas ter Single pace LY ancora ean retin ae sure noon pas ant petal tthe LY {erupt 00 Ne (cage ‘inden irs aeons vr Ire aor), Tay ot tag the impedance fo voir fe fusneles ne comnatated in the ‘heute, 2 tay resting na front std ay oo peice {Erin aati Sno tere re tw ao nary sopr of eaeuaion he picsiod and pare Toscancs ay Eepoesti alot cet sed an ove om be characte data of otro ‘wo ase vane depend on he icuoy a dries Te ct Fem renee a peel ‘arses taimpedanes Zea be os ‘Sted by ery oe Torola fom 19:1. CAPACmTIVE REACTIVE POWER sessment of Tes tates mayan inte mae enF ys 2Q (AB e 127 1 vay io eine cna hreneue mactinos esnnacsd 10 he cre amour ging 142.2, LOAD OF THE NETWORK Fy “The level of te Inpedancos a te Suencian nea he et pt of f80 wore, Thee orsarose may be es Shreve par fhe impecarces of fhe network Consiga cy $e ein pa oe apes ot fhe ogo asus on the sel side ‘tan ange atone ‘reas shuisbe nagenaeses mite pipet | ara ein 2 et cola pasar yg 0089 A owner, or anv SSeS | Soe ae cen toqsq, aay) | someegiraten 1 100% On peut évaluer ta pulssance réactive “ee SOR aid 25 RIN xe ets as | ee Te | SSR Ee mtg Tae | SeckeaciBierfeoem POF 00H00:9 | gm pat ones ter | seer as eatery 8.7% | ease re | ng A ones es (op vowere au tabeay AB? ane ‘ioe cae —<— sume sy Corman posh €0n pes 492, cHARGEDURESEAU | [ese | Panchen Soe menue Ser La valour dos impdsncas aux tae | PS “yee quences proces u prem port de fener et oe esate anes ‘Seenace spans nivende Sor (tame doc benece tate 272° | rue Aan. 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EXEMPLE 0=, CALCUL 0 50 Hea! qve a pussae tata Citodoantee ou nésentroeDOe | “io = 0012 SMA apace yu rious ot le pu Saree eco, (oe Sectona AS! ek m8 (caine Ia valour autre N00 Te De UimPEDANCE ¢ CHAQUE Lenten DU ReSEAU couPLET Le sondern exempt st Présortaux utes AS ia oA 1A escrman 1 AoGr 6Rito store Py ne 1 Be conse mmsasve power he eh Po tn puble sibuion SYNE Foe (tou die molocapeta fot (rue nebo nota ean be {TON OF THE IMPEDANCE OF THE ithastote ra ta the exanpis bya tng ca, tho Inpsdange of hiss oto nega To avoid convrcion of mpeancos to the vanour vollage las the moe. ‘apace nial vage Uy hg 32) one ‘he essing sarents ofthe equi hema h- 008 WA e012 5008 Kyo =P 0.089 MYA SLECTRA No.7 AUQUST 6 TADiEAL 432 Cnc pte rat | [ae Temeneer |u| oe =| starmmeamingy | a0 | awe | | gg = 2-049 MYA {aren zy al ha pat of commen cou aman onset ean bessledat Seow in Tale AS3. HE REDUCED EQUVALENT Cie eure felotaee othe eo cang + conan coupling clncdes wih te fhe rons memos impesanae my Povey ete aay Tot ee asia sabes of Od Son rar eee sive Fowe by ose scone A 203 oa febrero pom end ate prt gato i 3 7 i em nA | 45, 74 worl aos Toe [ 39 129Gi tnorw—9— 549 ~se00nvn te inductive de inpédane ba fur enann dee wg hmoroves Neti oiy (88a) ‘ances tet Gn en Sonar Seon tas ingocnce paral du rooe 4 fg Pg, Ele Denne Par 188 | hw ere e a3) 130 Détrie cane austen (A2), a Net Oe? 437) Pour bamioip de tésseux Mh pues, Tarn ee ont Deter 08 a8) Le schina tt de Ree 132 tine i watt t's W's (18 hod ‘i esoplge Teauton (a3) Pours age supe 8 (15h fe eatal Fs or Pequton (23), fest pas exact coms qo ane la ouenate 1's 520, impscancs cereal pat ape ams hh 89) ‘not args spsiows 8 20, ae 8 fi en (3) tp Dane fue 43.3, ever dino (68.9 eatacceen allt poiaVe we Yar bE et ne equation 44 te ausny vous Weanbe seseste by Wet trgg — W87) yg Foxman paste nace | nee econ wae te ange Peng) hop poing 0 sqaten Netty Qe 8) ‘Te aula value O roresnts TRanatng unos. ofthe Tea lowes end io auenes y coniding heacove powcr of ther an The telah sonponant of the str we Dana Farge WA) (ange of th 30 te roatod pe (de the pnt tearmon coping tn exsordance wih the steneing es Sa aac ww Wn ne hte are oP A. To re Scare | St aay sk wus ar to | Ma, 2 nec se a ey | oe eaten” may | irene san sein (2) 1 SN Seatuwatete are seen (Teta oot ra. (ELECT Na. 167 AUGUST (98 131