Proportion : Note : 0) Q) GB) @ 6) (6) a (8) When two ratios are equal, then the four quantities compositing then are said to be proportional. ale If = gothenitis written as a:b=e:d or a:b::e:d a and d are known as extremes while b and ¢ are known as means. Product of extremes = product of means c+d +1 l> q_ (Componendo) (Dividendo), ipo = 2 Ste ABiividend F< 25 (Componend Bividendo) Ir G7, then b?~ ac, Here is called inean proportional of a and e. Histrorical Development of Number System : 1 TL. Mi Natural Number’s ‘Number’s used for counting are called as Natural number's. {1,2, 3,4, } Whole number's Including zero (0) |eypher [3 | duck |love| knot along with natural numbers called as whole numbers, WH {01 2,3 srnernredh ie. Ncw Ois neither, ive nor negative Integer’s Integer’s given by T= 2,-1.0, 1.2.3. ieNoWcl Type of Integers (a)Nonenegativeimtegers {0,1 2,3. (b) Negative integers (7) faa (©)Non positive integers (d) Positve integers (I*)